s emester 1 e xam - s tudy g uide by: vicky zang, julia malachowski, ashley liu, and muskaan uppal
TRANSCRIPT
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SEMESTER 1 EXAM- STUDY GUIDEBy: Vicky Zang, Julia Malachowski, Ashley Liu, and Muskaan Uppal
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What are the levels of classification from kingdom to species?
KingdomPhylum
ClassFamilyOrderGenus
Species
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What is binomial nomenclature?
Two- part scientific name (Genus species)
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What does MRS. GREN stand for?
Movement, respiration, sensitivity, growth, reproduction, excretion,
nutrition
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What are the five kingdoms?
AnimalPlantFungiProtist
Moneran
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What are characteristics of organisms within each of the 5 kingdoms? (multicellular or unicellular)
Animal- multicellularPlant- multicellularFungi- multicellularProtist- unicellular
Moneran- unicellular
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What is a dichotomous key?
A key that scientists use to determine the classification of an organism
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Name five things that scientists use for classification
Behavior and physical appearanceMethod of reproduction, locomotion, diet and
habitatCell and DNA analysis
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What are the characteristics of insects?
WingsExoskeleton
6 Legs3 Body Parts
Simple/Compound EyesMetamorphosis
AntennaeJointed Legs
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What is the most diverse and populous insect order?
Beetles
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How do insects make sounds?
TymbalsSpiracles
StridulationSnap Mandibles
Tap Body Parts On Surface
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Name the three different mouthparts that insects can have
SpongingPiercing/ Sucking
Siphoning
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Name the three different types of metamorphosis
Molting- shedding skinIncomplete- egg, nymph, adult
Complete- egg, larva, pupa, adult
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Who was Robert Hooke?
He observed cork cells; coined the term “cell”
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Who was Anton Van Leeuwenhoek?
He observed bacteria and protists.
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Who was Zacharias Janssen?
He looked at the first compound microscope.
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How do you get total magnification?
Eyepiece x Objective lens
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How do you properly hold a microscope?
Put one hand on the body tube (arm) and one hand on the base.
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What is the stage?
This is where the specimen rests
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What is the eyepiece?
The lens that you look through
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What are the objective lenses?
They are attached to the revolving nose piece combined with the power of the ocular lens to create the magnified image
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Name the levels of organization from cell- organism
CellTissueOrgans
Organ SystemOrganisms
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What are the two types of cells (body/ sex cells)?
Somatic and gametes
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What is the difference between eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells?
Eukaryotic cells have a nucleus but prokaryotic cells do not
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List differences between plant and animal cells
Cell wall- plantChloroplasts- plant
Vacuole size- plants have one big one, animal have smaller ones
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What is cytoplasm?
A jelly-like substance that contains organelles
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What is the function of the nucleus?
It is the control center for all activities
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What is the nucleolus?
It contains genetic material, it also makes ribosomes, and is a dark colored organelle in the nucleus
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What is the nuclear membrane?
A membrane that controls movement of materials in and out of nucleus
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What are chromosomes?
It is DNA inside the nucleus
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What is endoplasmic reticulum?
An internal delivery system that aids in making proteins connects cell membrane to nuclear membrane
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What are ribosomes?
Tiny spherical bodies that help make proteins. They are found in the cytoplasm or attached to the endoplasmic reticulum.
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What are mitochondria?
The site of cellular respiration. It breaks down sugar molecules to release energy.
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What are vacuoles?
Act as a storage area for food, minerals, and waste. In plants they are very large but in animals they are smaller.
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What is the cell membrane?
It separates the cell from other cells. Allows molecules to pass through.
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What is the function of the cell wall?
Supports and protects the cell
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What is chloroplasts?
An organelle in a plant that uses energy from the sun to make food for the plant (photosynthesis)
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What are lysosomes?
Organelles that break down larger food molecules into smaller molecules.
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What are centrioles?
Organelles that play a role in cell division.
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What are golgi bodies?
Organelles that package and distribute materials throughout the cell.
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What is Diffusion?
It is the movement of molecules from high concentration to low concentration
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What is Osmosis?
Diffusion of water molecules
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What is active transport?
The movement of materials through a cell membrane using cellular energy
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What is photosynthesis?
The process by which a cell captures energy in sunlight and uses it to make food
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What is respiration?
The process by which cells obtain energy from glucose
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What is the order of the scientific method and what takes place in each step?
1. Research/ Background information2. State your purpose/ problem question3. State your hypothesis/ make a logical prediction
based on prior knowledge4. Develop your procedure5. Collect and record data (numerical and
observable)6. Analyze your results7. Draw conclusion
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What is the independent and dependent variable?
Independent variable- the factor you controlDependent variable- what you are testing/
measuring/ observing
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What are the experimental and control group?
Experimental group- the testing groupControl group- the group used for comparison
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What are controls?
Controls- what is kept constant throughout the experiment
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GOOD LUCK!