SENTENCE STRUCTURE ENC0025L Unit 3

SENTENCE TYPES

SimpleCompoundComplexCompound-Complex

SENTENCE STRUCTURE

CLAUSES:

SENTENCE STRUCTURE CHART©

TYPE IND. CLAUSE DEP. CLAUSE TRANS.       SIMPLE Only 1 0 N/A   

     

COMPOUND 2 or more

0 1/ S/V/I/ ,FANBOYS S/V/I

   

    2/ ; adv. Conj,3/ ;

COMPLEX Only 1 1 or more 1/ Ind. CL + Dep. Cl   

    2/ Dep. CL+,+ Ind. CL

COMPOUND-COMPLEX

2 or more 1 or more Any of the above

                            

SENTENCE TYPES

SIMPLE SENTENCE

Mary plays tennis.

SUBJECT PREDICATE

one subject one predicate

SIMPLE SENTENCE

play tennis.Tom and Mary

Compound Subject

&

SIMPLE SENTENCE

play tennis and swim.Tom and Mary

Compound Subject Compound Predicate

& &

Hi,I’m Punctuation Pete!

SIMPLE SENTENCEWITH COMPOUND SUBJECT ANDCOMPOUND PREDICATE

No comma before “and” in compound

subjects and predicates!

Tom and Mary play tennis and swim.

COMPOUND SENTENCE WITHCOORDINATING CONJUNCTIONS

SUBJECT PREDICATE

SUBJECT PREDICATE

and

COMPOUND SENTENCE

Tom swims,

Mary plays tennis.

and

COMPOUND SENTENCE:COORDINATING CONJUNCTIONS

FOR

AND

NOR

BUT

OR

YET

SO

Tom swims, and Mary plays tennis.

COMPOUND SENTENCE:COORDINATING CONJUNCTIONS

Clause 1 Clause 2

Independent Independent

COMPOUND SENTENCE:COORDINATING CONJUNCTIONS

Tom swims, and Mary plays tennis.

Comma before “and” in compound

sentences!

COMPOUND SENTENCE:CONJUNCTIVE ADVERBS

MOREOVER

HOWEVER

OTHERWISE

THEREFORE

COMPOUND SENTENCE:CONJUNCTIVE ADVERBS

Bob is handsome; moreover, he is rich.

Clause 1 Clause 2

Independent Independent

COMPOUND SENTENCE:CONJUNCTIVE ADVERBS

Note: Semicolon before conjunctiveadverb and comma after conjunctive adverb!

Bob is handsome; moreover, he is rich.

CONJUNCTIVE ADVERBS “FLOAT”

Conjunctive adverbs are sometimes called “floating” adverbs because they can be positioned at the beginning, in the middle, or at the end of a clause.

CONJUNCTIVE ADVERB:IN THE MIDDLE

Bob is handsome; he is, moreover, rich.

Bob is handsome; he is rich, moreover.

COMPOUND SENTENCE:SEMICOLON

Matt has benefited from his exercise program; he is slim and energetic.

COMPLEX SENTENCE

Bob is popular

he is ugly.

even though

COMPLEX SENTENCE:SUBORDINATING CONJUNCTIONS

EVEN THOUGH

WHEN

BECAUSE

UNLESS

WHEREAS

ADVERB CLAUSES

COMPLEX SENTENCE:SUBORDINATING CONJUNCTIONS

Bob is popular even though he is ugly.

Clause 1 Clause 2

Independent Dependent

COMPLEX SENTENCE:SUBORDINATING CONJUNCTIONS

Even though Bob is ugly, he is popular.

Clause 1 Clause 2

Dependent Independent

COMPLEX SENTENCE:SUBORDINATING CONJUNCTIONS

When the MAIN clause is first, it is usually NOT

followed by a comma!

Bob is popular even though he is ugly.

COMPLEX SENTENCE:SUBORDINATING CONJUNCTIONS

When the ADVERB clause is first, it is followed by a comma!

Even though Bob is ugly, he is popular.

COMPOUND-COMPLEX SENTENCE

Mike is popular

he is good looking,

because

he is not very happy.

but

PRACTICE EXERCISES

Each one of you is going to read the sentence on each practice slide and select the correct sentence type: Simple, Compound, Complex, or Compound-Complex.

Hint: Count how many independent and dependent clauses, and use the sentence type chart you copied.

30

The clown frightenedThe clown frightenedthe little girl. the little girl.

SimpleSimpleSimpleSimple

31

After Mary added upAfter Mary added upall the sales, she all the sales, she discovered that the discovered that the lemonade stand waslemonade stand was32 cents short. 32 cents short.

ComplexComplexComplexComplex

32

The clown frightenedThe clown frightenedthe little girl, and shethe little girl, and sheran off screaming. ran off screaming.

CompoundCompoundCompoundCompound

33

The Freedom RidersThe Freedom Ridersdeparted on May 4,departed on May 4,1961. 1961.

SimpleSimpleSimpleSimple

34

The Freedom RidersThe Freedom Ridersdeparted on May4, departed on May4, 1961, and they were1961, and they weredetermined to traveldetermined to travelthrough many through many southern states. southern states.

CompoundCompoundCompoundCompound

35

After Mary added upAfter Mary added upall the sales, sheall the sales, shediscovered that the discovered that the lemonade stand was lemonade stand was 32 cents short. 32 cents short.

ComplexComplexComplexComplex

36

After you finish theAfter you finish thefirst assignment, takefirst assignment, takea break. a break.

ComplexComplexComplexComplex

37

After finishing the After finishing the first assignment, youfirst assignment, youmay take a break. may take a break.

SimpleSimpleSimpleSimple

38

There are no There are no Available seats. Available seats.

SimpleSimpleSimpleSimple

39

Catch-22 is widely Catch-22 is widely regarded as Josephregarded as JosephHeller’s best novel,Heller’s best novel,and because Hellerand because Hellerserved in World Warserved in World WarII, which the novel II, which the novel Satirizes, the zany but savage Satirizes, the zany but savage Wit of the novel packs anWit of the novel packs anExtra punch. Extra punch.

compound-Complexcompound-Complexcompound-Complexcompound-Complex

40

Any Any Questions?Questions?