Sada List of Standardized Spellings

Last updated: 10/2011 MJN

1: Names are ordered according to "last" name or, where appropriate, the laqab. The al- is disregarded, and so "al-Banna, Hassan," is found under B .

2: When an person's last name is patronymic, the name is treated as a whole unit (e.g., "Abu Tariq" would be under A , not T )

3: Genitively constructed names are also treated as a single unit throughout: "Abdul Kareem" is under K , not A.

4: This list to be updated weekly.

A

Sheikh Aali, Muhi al-Din

al-Abbadi, Ahmad Oweidi

Abbas, Mahmoud

Abu Bakr, Jamil

Abu Mazen

Abu Saeda, Hafez

Abu Odeh, Adnan

Abu Rumman, Muhammad

Abu Zeid, Ragab

Aboul Ghaith, Ahmed

Abul Magd, Kamal

Abul Ragheb, Ali

Abdel Nour, Munir Fakhri

King Abdulaziz

Abdullah

Crown Prince Abdullah

King Abdullah II

Abdullahi, Sidi Ould Sheikh

Abdul Mahdi, Adel

Abdul Maqsoud, Abdul Monem

Academy for Islamic Research

al-Adawiyya, Rabi`a

al-Adli, Habib

Afaq Arabiyya

al-Ahmad, Azzam

Ahmadinejad, Mahmoud

al-Ahmar, Sheikh Abdullah Hussein

al-Ahram

Ajlan, Muhammad Ali

Akef, Muhammad Mahdi

Al Khalifa

Al Khalifa, Sheikh Hamad bin Isa

Al Khalifa, Sheikh Isa bin Salman

Al Khalifa, Sheikh Khalifa bin Salman

Al Misned, Sheikha Moza

Al Sabah

Al Sabah, Emir Ahmed al-Jaber

Al Sabah, Sheikh Ali al-Jarrah

Al Sabah, Sheikh Fahd al-Ahmed

Al Sabah, Sheikh Jaber al-Ahmed

Al Sabah, Emir Sabah al-Ahmed

Al Thani

Al Thani, Emir Hamad bin Khalifa

al-Alam

Alawite

Alaoui, Moustapha

Amal

Amer, Karim

Amer, Sabri

Amine Sidhoum

Annan, Kofi

Anugaidan, Mansour

Anwar al-Hawari

al-Arab al-Yawm

al-Arabi

Al Arabiya

Arafat, Yasser

arak

Armed Islamic Group-GIA

al-Aryan, Isam

al-Asala society

Asharq al-Awsat

al-Assad, Bashar

al-Assad, Hafez

as-Safir

Association for the Defense of Rights and Liberties

al-Ayam

al-Ayyam

al-Azhar

Azzaman

B

Baath Party/ Baathist

Badr Brigades (SCIRI militia)

Badran, Adnan

Badrawi, Hossam

al-Bakhit, Ma’rouf

Bahai

Banias

al-Banna, Hassan

Baquba

Basra

Barghouti, Marwan

Barghouti, Mustafa

Barzani, Masoud

Belkhadem, Abdelaziz

Belhadj, Ali

Ben Ali, Zine al-Abidine

Benchicou, Muhammad

Benflis, Ali

ben Yahia, Habib

Benzekri, Driss

Berber Cultural Movement-MCB

Berri, Nabih

bey

bin Abdul-Aziz, King Fahad

bin Abdul Aziz, Mutib

bin Abdul-Aziz, Sultan

bin Abdul-Aziz, Abdullah

bin Saleh al-Obeid, Abdullah

bin Saqr, Abdulaziz bin Othman

bin Shamlan, Faisal

Botarn, Muhammad Zaghloul

Bouazizi, Muhammad

Bouchair, Sa`id

Boumerdassi, Hassib

Bourmedes

Boutros, Fouad

Bouteflika, Abdelaziz

al-Bunni, Anwar

C

caliphate

casbah

Cairo Institute for Human Rights Studies

Carina Perelli

Casablanca

Chadirchi, Kamil

Chalabi, Ahmed

al-Chourouk

Civil Pillar

Coalition for Culture and Democracy-RCD

Council of Muslim Clergy

D

Daoudiyeh, Muhammad

Dawa

da`wa

dawlat al-qanoun

Dayf al-Ghazal

Dalila, Aref

Democratic Constitutional Rally-RCD

Deraa

al-Dhahrani, Khalifa

dhimmi

al-Dimoqratiyya

Diyarbekir

Djeballah, Saad Abdullah

Doha

al-Domaini, Ali

al-Dostor

Dovom-e Khordad Front

Driss Jettou

ad-Dustour

E

Echorouk

effendi/effendiyya

Eissa, Ibrahim

Emile Lahoud

emir

Ennahda

Equity and Reconciliation Commission

Erdogan, Recep Tayyip

al-Erian, Essam

Essebsi, Beji Caid

F

Fadlallah, Muhammad Hussein

al-Faisal, Youssef

Falluja

fatwa

faqih

Farouq Seif al-Nasr

Fawzi Guleid

Fawzi Rabb'in

Faysal

al-Fayez, Faisal

Fayyad, Salam

fellah (s) fellahin (pl.)

Freedom and Justice Party

Front of Socialist Forces-FFS

G

Gaid, Ahmed Salah

galabiyya

Gaza Strip

al-Ghad ('Tomorrow') Party

Ghali, Youssef Boutros

Ghannouchi, Rachid

Ghazali, Ahmed

Ghonim, Wael

Guenaizia, Abdelmalek

H

Haaretz

Habib, Muhammad

al-Habshi, Hussein Abdul Aziz

al-Hafez, Salaheddine

hajj

al-Hakim, Muhammad Baqir

al-Hamad, Abdullah

Hamas

Hamrouche, Mahmoud

Hani al-Qawasmi

Haniyya, Ismail

Hanoun, Louisa

Haq

haram

al-Hariri, Rafik

Hariri, Saad

Hashed

Hashemite Kingdom

Hashemi-Rafsanjani, Ali Akbar

Hassan II

Hassan Mushaima

Hassan Turabi

hawza

Hawza Ilmiya

al-Hawza al-Natiqa

al-Hayat

Hayat Musimi

Helmi, Mustafa Kamal

Hezbollah OR Hizbullah

al-Hodeiby, Mamoun

Homs

Homsi, Mamoun

al-Hurra

Husayn

Hussein

Hussein, Saddam

Huwaydi, Fahmi

Huweida Taha

I

Ibrahim, Saad Eddin

Ibrahimi, Ahmed Taleb

ijma'

ijtihad

ikhwan

al-Ikhwan (al-Muslimun)

imam(ate)

Imbaba

Intersos

Irsheid, Zaki Bani

Ishaq al-Farhan

islah

Islah (Yemen’s Islamist party) Members: Islahis

Islamic Action Front-IAF

Islamic Action Society

Islamic Constitutional Movement (ICM)

Islamic National Wefaq Society

Islamic Salvation Front (FIS)

Islamic Supreme Council of Iraq (ISCI)

Islamist Refah party

Isma`il

Isma`ili

Issa, Mahmoud

Istiqlal

al-Iraqiyya

al-Islah

J

Jaballah, Abdullah

Jafari, Ibrahim

al-Jama'a al-Islamiyya

Bubakar al-Jama'i

Jamai, Abu Bakr

January 25 Revolution

Jarallah Omar

Al Jazeera

al-Jibali, Tehani

Justice and Development Party-AKP

K

Ka`ba

Kabyle

kafir

kaffiyeh

Kamal al-Labwani

Kassem, Hisham

Khaddam, Abdel Halim

al-Khaiwani, Abdelkarim

al-Khaleej

Ali Khamenei

al-Khatib, Abdel Karim

Khatami, Muhammad

al-Khawaja, Abdul Hadi

al-Khoei, Ayatollah Abu Al Qasim

al-Khoi, Abdel Majid

khul'

Kifaya movement

Kilo, Michel

King Abdul Aziz Center for National Dialogue

Kirkuk

al-Kubaisi, Abdul Salam

Kurdistan Democratic Party-KDP

kuttab

L

Lamari, Muhammad

Latakia

Lmrabet, Ali

Lounes, Saad

M

Ma’an

madhhab / madhahib (pl)

Madi, Abul Ela

madrasa

Mahdi

Maher, Ahmed

Mahfouz, Muhammad

Mahmoud

Mahmoud, Abdel Monem

al-Mahmudi, Ali Baghadadi

majlis

majlis al-shura/Majlis al-Shura

Makhmur

al-Maliki, Nuri

Mamdouh Marei

Manama

al-Manar

al-Maousherji, Shareeda

March 15 Revolution

Maspero

Masr Al-Omm ('Mother Egypt') Party

al-Masry al-Youm

al-Matouq, Abdullah

Matrook al-Faleh

Mehdi Dakhlallah

Mekki, Mahmoud

Mebazaa, Fouad

Meshaal, Khalid

Mohieldin, Mahmoud

Montazeri, Ayatollah

Morsy, Muhammad

Mosul

Moussa, Amr

Movement for Social Peace-MSP

Mshari al-Zaydi

Muasher, Marwan

Mubarak, Alaa

Mubarak, Gamal

Mubarak, Hosni

Mubarak, Suzanne

mudawwana

Muhammad

King Muhammad VI

Muharram

N

al-Nahda

al-Nahar

Nahnah, Sheikh Mahmoud

Najaf

Najd

al-Najjar, Baqer

al-Najjar, Sa`id

al-Nakba

al-Nashi, Badr

Nasser, Gamal Abdel

Nasserist Party

National Council for Human Rights

National Democratic Action Society

National Democratic Party-NDP

National Liberation Front-FLN

National Rally of Independents-RNI

Nationalist Block

al-Natsheh, Abdel Khaliq

Nazif, Ahmed

al-Nefisi, Abdullah

al-Nimr, Nimr

Nour, Ayman

Noureddine Yazid Zerhouni

Nujeifi, Osama

O

Office for Fostering Unity-OFU

Ouyahia, Ahmed

P

Party of Justice and Development-PJD

Patriotic Union of Kurdistan-PUK

People’s General Congress-GPC

peshmerga (Kurdish term for the Kurdish militia)

Political Party Affairs Committee-PPAC

Pachachi, Adnan

Q

Qaboos

al-Qadhafi, Mu'ammar

al-Qaeda

al-Qaradawi, Sheikh Youssef

Qatar

Qena

al-Quds al-'Arabi

Qur'an

Qur'anic

al-Qasim, Abdulaziz

R

Rabat

al-Rai

Ramid, Mustafa

Rida, Muhammad

Riyadh

riyal

al-Ruba`i, Muwaffaq

S

Saadi, Sa'id

al-Sadat, Anwar

al-Sadat, Jihan

al-Sadat, Talat

al-Sadr, Moqtada

al-Sadr, Muhammad Baqir

al-Saffar, Hassan

al-Sahlwaim, Muhammad Said

Said, Khaled

Salafi(s)

Saleh, Ali Abdullah

Salman bin Hamad al-Khalifa

Samir Qasir

Sana’a

Saud al-Faisal

Sayf, Riad

al-Sayyid, Mustafa Kamel

al-Seyassah

al-Shaab

sharia

Sharaf, Essam

sharif

Shadyaq, Mai

al-Shatir, Khayrat

al-Shayeb, Ja'far

al-Shazli, Kamal

Shebaa Farms territory

Shehab, Moufid

sheikh

sheikh al-Islam

al-Sherif, Safwat

Shi’a (plural noun)

Shi’i (singular noun, adjective)

Shi’ism

Shukri Ghanem

shura

al-Singace, Abdul Jalil

Siniora, Fouad

al-Sistani, Ali

siyadat al-qanoun

Sorour, Muhammad Fathi

Sudan

Sufi

Sunni (singular noun, adj.); Sunnis (pl. noun)

T

Tagammu’ Party

Ta'if

Taiz

Talabani, Jalal

Talkalakh

al-Tantawi, Sheikh Mohammed Sayed

Tantawi, Muhammad Hussein

Tawakkol Karman

tawrith al-sulta

Tueni, Gibran

Turkoman (s./pl.)

Twelver/Twelverism

U

U.S.

’ulama' (plural)

umma

Union of Popular Socialist Forces-USFP

United Nations

United States

`urfi

al-Uthmani, Saad Eddin

W

al-Wafd

al-Wafd Party

Wafa

Wahhabi

Wali, Youssef

Walid Jumblat

waqf

Wasat Party

Watwati, Mousa

West Bank

Wijhat Nazar

Y

Yas-e-No

Yassin, Sheikh Ahmed

Yassine, Nadia

Yemeni Socialist Party

Yom Kippur War

Z

al-Zaatra, Yaser

zakat

Zarea, Muhammad

Zarqa

al-Zindani, Abdul Majid

Zubayr

1: Names are ordered according to "last" name or, where appropriate, the laqab. The al- is disregarded, and so "al-Banna, Hassan," is found under B .

2: When an person's last name is patronymic, the name is treated as a whole unit (e.g., "Abu Tariq" would be under A , not T )

3: Genitively constructed names are also treated as a single unit throughout: "Abdul Kareem" is under K , not A.

Secretary of the Syrian Kurdish Democratic Unity Party

Former member of the Jordanian parliament

former Palestinian prime minister

Secretary General of the Jordanian Muslim Brotherhood

Former Palestinian prime minister, Mahmoud Abbas

Member of Egypt's National Council for Human Rights

Former head of the royal court in Jordan

Jordanian journalist

Muslim Brotherhod parliamentarian (Egypt)

Egypt’s Minister of Foreign Affairs

Vice-President of Egypt’s NCHR

Former Prime Minister of Jordan

Secretary general of Wafd party in Egypt

founder of Saudi Arabia

General

Of Saudi Arabia

Jordan

Mauritania's president, elected in in 2007

One of the two vice presidents of Iraq, and a former finance minister

Chair of Egyptian Muslim Brotherhood’s human rights committee

Deliberative body of Al Azhar

Cairo mosque, popular Sufi saint

Former Egypt Minister of Interior (imprisoned)

Muslim Brotherhood website

Head of the Fatah parliamentary bloc in the parliament elected in January 2006

Iranian president

Leader of Hashed and Islah

Egypt’s leading government-backed newspaper

President of the shura council of the Yemeni Islah party; elected in 2007

Muslim Brotherhood Supreme Guide

Ruling family of Bahrain

King of Bahrain

Former King of Bahrain

Bahrain's Prime Minister

First lady of Qatar

Ruling family of Kuwait

Diseased Kuwaiti Emir

Kuwaiti oil minister, resigned in 2007

Kuwait’s Minister of Energy

Kuwaiti Emir

Kuwaiti Emir, sworn in in January 2006

Ruling family of Qatar

Leader of Qatar

Iranian Arabic satellite network

Moroccan newsman

Shiite political party in Lebanon

Egyptian blogger

Muslim Brotherhood parliamentarian

Algerian human rights lawyer

Saudi writer, former Islamist

Editor of Al Masry Al Youm

Saudi pan-Arab news agency

Algerian terrorist group

Prominent member of the Egyptian Muslim Brotherhood

Islamist political society in Bahrain

Pan-Arab newspaper

Lebanon

Based in Lebanon

Bahraini newspaper

Palestinian newspaper

The most revered center of learning in Sunni Islam

Iraqi paper

SCIRI militia (now called ISCI-Islamic Supreme Council of Iraq)

Former Jordanian prime minister (liberal academic)

Senior member of the National Democratic Party in Egypt

Prime Minister of Jordan since February 2011

Syrian city

Founder of the Muslim Brotherhood

Fatah leader

Palestinian democracy activist; was a presidential candidate in 2005

Kurdish leader

Prime Minister of Algeria

Algerian FIS leader

President of Tunisia

Publisher of the now defunt Le Matin in Algeria

Former prime minister in Algeria

Tunisian foreign minister

President of Morocco’s Equity and Reconciliation Commission

Berber party in Algeria

Speaker of the Lebanese parliament

Of Saudi Arabia

Saudi Minister of Municipal and Rural Affairs

Saudi Arabia’s Minister of Defense

Saudi Arabia’s Crown Prince and de facto leader

Saudi Arabia’s National Human Rights Association chair

Director of the Gulf Research Center

Yemeni presidential candidate in 2006

Chair of Algeria’s national commission reviewing family law

Tunisian street vendor who set himself on fire (2010), sparking demonstrations and revolution

Head of the independent National Poltiical Commission of Election Surveillance

Algerian human rights lawyer

Algerian town

Former Lebanese Minsiter

President of Algeria

Syrian political activist

Head of the UN electoral mission to Iraq

IGC member

Leader of Iraqi National Congress (INC)

Tunisia

Hard line Berber party in Algeria

Sunni religious organization in Iraq

Jordan’s Minister of Political Development

Iraqi Shiite Islamist party

AR "call": Muslim evangelical work

"rule of law"

Libyan journalist

Jailed Syrian dissident, professor

Former Tunisian ruling party

Syrian city

Speaker of the Council of Deputies, Bahrain

"client"

Journal published by Egypt’s Al-Ahram Center

Turkish city

Leader of Algeria’s Islamist Al Islah party

Qatari city

Saudi reformer

Egyptian independent daily

Iranian reformist coalition

Moroccan Prime Minister

Jordanian daily

Algerian newspaper

Editor of al-Dostor newspaper in Egypt

President of Lebanon

Tunisian Islamist Party

Examining abuses perpetrated under Moroccan King Hassan II

Prime Minister of Turkey

Vice president of Egyptian Freedom and Justice Party

Interim prime minister of Tunisia, 2011

Senior Shi`i cleric in Bahrain

Head of the Syrian communist party

Former Minister of Justice in Egypt

Former head of NDI office in Bahrain

Chair of Berber Cultural Movement

Default spelling

Jordan’s Prime Minister

Former Palestinian minister of finance and prime minister of Abbas' emergency government

peasants, farmers (Egypt)

Islamist party formed in Egypt, 2011

More moderate Berber party in Algeria

Algeria's Army Chief of Staff

liberal party in Egypt

Egypt’s Minister of Finance

Founder of Tunisian Ennahda party

former Algerian prime minister

Egyptian activist through social networking esp. “Kolena Khaled Said” facebook group

Retired general in Algeria, and currently Minister Delegate to the Minister of National Defense

Israeli newspaper

Reformist Muslim Brother, Egypt

Bahraini political activist

Vice editor-in-chief of al-Ahram

Muslim pilgrimage to Mecca

Head of SCIRI (now ISCI)

Saudi reformer

Former prime minister of Algeria

Palestinian minister of interior, resigned in May 2007

Palestinian Prime minister prior to Abbas' dissolution of the Palestinian unity government

Chairperson of the Algerian Labor Party

Bahraini opposition movement (unregistered)

Prohibited by Islam

Former Prime Minister of Lebanon

Head of Future Movement, Lebanon

Yemen’s most influential tribal coalition

Jordan

Expediency Council Chairman

Former King of Morocco

Secretary-general of the Movement for Liberty and Democracy (al-Haqq) in Bahrain

Prominent Sudanese Islamist and former Speaker of Parliament

Shiite center of learning in Najaf

Shiite center of learning collective in Najaf

Sadr’s newspaper

Pan-Arab daily

Female IAF MP in Jordan

Former Shura Council Chairman

Former Muslim Brotherhood Supreme Guide

Syrian city

Syrian member of parliament

US-propaganda satellite statiuon with broadcast to Iraq

(ibn `Ali), also generic

King of Iraq or Jordan

Former dictator of Iraq

Egyptian Islamist

Egyptian journalist

Egyptian human rights activist

Algerian party leader

"consensus"

independent interpretative judgement

"brothers"

The Muslim Brotherhood

Egyptian city

Italian NGO in Iraq

Secretary-General of the Islamic Action Front in Jordan

IAF founding Secretary-General

"reform"

Islamist party in Jordan

Group representing Bahrain’s Shi`a

Kuwait's main Sunni Islamist group and historically a leading opponent of women's suffrage

Group representing Bahrain’s Shi`a

Iraqi political party

Precursor to the AKP in Turkey

Syrian political activist

Nationalist party in Morocco

U.S. funded Iraqi Satellite

Algerian Islamist party

Chairman of the Algerian Islah party

Iraqi Governing Council

Moroccan journalist

Editor of Le Journal Hebdomadaire, Morocco

Assassinated YSP official, Yemen

Qatari independent broadcasting company (both capitalized, always)

Appointed as Egypt's first female judge

Ruling party in Turkey

Algeria Berber region

Infidel, unbeliever

Bedouin scarf

Syrian activist

(publisher of the English-language Cairo Times and Al Masri Al Yowm, and chairman of the Egyptian Organization for Human Rights

Syrian Vice President

Editor of al-Shoura newspaper

United Arab Emirates

Iran’s Supreme Leader

founder of PJD in Morocco

President of Iran 1997-2005, Leader of Green Movement

Director of the Bahrain Center for Human Rights

Sistani’s mentor

Assassinated in Iraq spring 2003

Right of women to divorce without consent of their husbands if they give up some of their financial rights

Syrian political activist

Saudi Arabia

Council of Muslim Clergy in Iraq

Ruling party in Kurdistan region of Iraq

Primary school for Qur'anic instruction

Former Army Chief of Staff in Algeria

Syrian city

Prominent editor and democracy advocate in Morocco

Algerian journalist

Jordanian city

"school" of Islamic jurisprudence/thought

Leader of Egypt’s Al Wasat party and former Muslim Brother

Formerly Egypt’s Minister of Foreign Affairs

Shi'a scholar

Default spelling

Egyptian blogger

Libyan Prime Minister

(used in lowercase in similar manner to a “parliament” or a “legislature”)

Consultative council / capped to refer to a specific institution by name

Town in Northern Iraq

Iraqi Prime Minister

Egyptian Justice Minister

Bahrain capital

Hizbollah TV

Syrian revolutionary movement

Egyptian city

A liberal party in Egypt

New liberal-oriented Egyptian newspaper

Former Kuwaiti minister of religious endowments

Saudi reformer

Former Syrian minister of information

Prominent Egyptian judge

Acting president of Tunisia, 2011

Hamas leader

Minister for "Investment Development" in Egypt

Dissident Iranian cleric

President of Egyptian Freedom and Justice Party

Former Arab League Secretary General

Algerian political party

Columnist - Ash-Sharq al-Awsat

Former Jordanian Foreign Minister

Wife of Egyptian President Mubarak

Morocco's personal status codes

Default spelling

Morocco

Month in the Islamic calendar

Algerian political party

Lebanese newspaper

Party leader in Algeria

Central Province of Saudi Arabia

Bahraini scholar

Egyptian intellectual, recently deceased

“catastrophe,” Palestinian exodus in 1948

Secretary general of the Islamic Constitutional Movement (ICM) in Kuwait

Nationalist Egyptian political party

Egypt’s government-appointed human rights board

Bahraini opposition group

Egypt’s former ruling party

Ruling political party in Algeria

Centrist pro-Palace party in Morocco

Bahraini opposition group

Prominent Hamas figure

Egypt’s Prime Minister

Kuwaiti Islamist writer

Shi'a cleric in Saudi Arabia

Founder of Egyptian al-Ghad Party

Algerian minister of interior

Speaker of Parliament-Iraq

Iranian student organization

Prime Minister of Algeria

Moroccan political party

Ruling party in Kurdistan region of Iraq

Yemen’s ruling party

Kurdish term for the Kurdish militia

In charge of party recognition in Egypt

IGC member

Sultan of Oman

Islamic scholar

Egyptian city, Coptic governor

Pan-Arab, London-based newspaper

Former Saudi judge

Moroccan capital

Jordanian independent daily

Former head of the PJD parliamentary bloc

Ayatollah Sistani’s eldest son

Saudi capital

unit of currency

Former Dawa activist turned human rights activist

Chair of the Coalition for Culture and Democracy in Algeria

Former president of Egypt

Wife of former Egyptian president Anwar al-Sadat

Egyptian parliamentarian

Head of the Iraqi Sadr clan

Founder of the Dawa Party

Shi'a cleric in Saudi Arabia

Bahraini political activist

Fatally beaten by police; one catalyst for unrest in 2011

President of Yemen

Bahrain’s Crown Prince

Lebanes writer, assasinated in 2005

Capital of Yemen

Saudi Foreign Minister

Syrian parliamentarian and industrialist, jailed for dissent

Kuwaiti newspaper

Egyptian opposition paper

Prime Minister of Egypt, March 2011

Lebanese journalist

Reformist Muslim Brother, Egypt

Shi'a figure in Saudi Arabia

Egypt’s Minister of State for the People's Assembly

Egyptian Minister of Higher Education

NDP secretary general and former Minister of Information in Egypt

Former Libyan Prime Minister

"consultation"

Leader of Haq (unregistered opposition movement in Bahrain)

Former Lebanese Prime Minister

Grand Ayatollah-Iraq

Sovereignty of law, rule of law

Speaker of the Egyptian parliament

(not the Sudan)

Leftist Egyptian political party

Saudi city

Yemeni city

Iraqi Kurdish leader

Syrian city

the Grand Imam of Al Azhar

Egypt’s Minister of Defense

Yemeni activist

"inheritance of power"

Owner of al-Nahar newspaper and member of the Lebanese parliament assassinated in 2005

As adjective

"scholars of Islam"

The worldwide Islamic "nation"

Nationalist party in Morocco

as noun

"unregistered" (marriage); "customary" (law)

Leader of PJD in Morocco

Egyptian opposition paper

Liberal Egyptian political party

Algerian Islamist Party

Saudi-sponsored school of Islamic jurisprudence

Former Egyptian Minister of Agriculture

Lebanese Druze leader

"religious endowment"

Offshoot of Egypt’s Muslim Brotherhood seeking status as a political party

Chair of Algeria’s National Front party

Egyptian magazine

Iranian paper

Founder of Hamas

Member of al-Adl wal Ishan in Morocco

OR 1973 War OR October War

Journalist

Islamic poor tax

Egyptian human rights activist

City in Jordan

Former head of the consultative of the Yemeni Islah party

Town in Basra governate, Iraq

(publisher of the English-language Cairo Times and Al Masri Al Yowm, and chairman of the Egyptian Organization for Human Rights

Right of women to divorce without consent of their husbands if they give up some of their financial rights