5% of a

ll idps in iraq

GovernorATe of oriGin

MosT coMMon shelTer Types

Host Families 12%

Rentedhousing 56%

Top prioriTy needs

22,753 IDP FAMILIES

SALAH AL-DIN GOVERNORATE PROFILEMAY 2015

inTenTions

40% OF ALL IDPS ARE UNDER 14

WAves of displAceMenT

1. Iraq - CCCM Camps status report, April 2015. Camp sites nased on REACH report: IDP and refugee camp locations as of 28 April 20152. IDP families who displaced to and within the governorate3 All information, unless otherwise specified, in this report is from IOM’s Displacement Tracking Matrix (DTM) from 7 May 2015 and from field reports of the Rapid Assessment and Response Teams. For more information on the DTM, visit: http://iomiraq.net/dtm-page

overvieW3

136,518 IDP INDIVIDUALS

99%

90%

9%

Accessto work

1

displAceMenT over TiMe

14,433 IDP families63%

Food

4

Shelter

2

IDP camps

total population: 1,080 individuals1

planned: 1,080 individuals

1

390 IDP families2%

2,787 IDP families12%

4

2,386 IDP families10%

440 IDP families2%

unfinished/Abandonedbuildings 12%

NFIs

3

443,580 (15%) OF ALL IDP INDIVIDUALS ACROSS IRAQ ORIGINATE FROM SALAH AL-DIN

1,404 IDP families6%

913 IDP families4%

4%1%

1%

94%

Anbar BaghdadDiyala ErbilKirkuk Salah al-Din

2%

42%

19%

37%

1- Pre-June14 2- June-July143- August14 4- Post September14

3%

100%

81%

81%

87%

0%

19%

19%

8%

0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100%

Al-Shirqat

Samarra

Govt Total

Iraq

Locally integrate in current location Return to place of origin Waiting on one or several factors

Al Hwesh

5

?

Legalhelp

IDP families hosted in the governorate2

IDP families who originate from the gover-norate

3,109 5,350 5,540

9,269

5,910 6,885

7,181

7,992 8,935 10,760

14,350

19,453 18,976

22,753

Mar

-14

Apr

-14

May

-14

Jun-

14

Jul-

14

Aug

-14

Sep-

14

Oct

-14

No

v-14

Dec

-14

Jan-

15

Feb-

15

Mar

-15

Apr

-15

May

-15

3,109 3,109 3,109 5,350 5,350 5,350 5,540

9,269

5,910 6,885

7,181 7,181

7,992 8,935 8,935 10,760

14,350 14,350

19,453 19,453 18,976

22,753

- - -

27,231

40,831

37,935 38,939

42,956 44,211

50,396

57,694

67,022 65,972

73,930

55 IDP families< 1%

Following the outbreak of conflict in December 2013, 4,644 person left the governorate, inter alia, to Erbil. Additionally, Salah al-Din was an area of displacement for 2,742 IDP individuals,9 all of which were driven from Anbar.After AGs seized control of Tikrit, Salah al-Din’s cap-ital, in early June and violence began to spread, 149, 382 individuals left the governorate. Most of whom headed to Kirkuk (41%) and the Kurdistan Region of Iraq (41%). Additionally, 95% of 56,910 IDPs who were residing back then in Salah al-Din originated from within the governorate. Kirkuk remained popular destination, holding 70% of IDPs who displaced outside Salah al-Din after Au-gust. In total, 161,298 persons have left the governo-rate since then.The majority of IDPs in Salah al-Din were located in Samarra district, which has been subject to ongoing clashes. Due to certain areas of the governorate being reclaimed by ISF, return movements are being reported to the Al-Alam sub-district of Tikrit from the surrounding districts, such as Samarra, in addition to KRI, Kirkuk and southern Iraq.10

Situated north of Baghdad, with a total popu-lation of 1,191,4034, Salah al-Din is one of the most rural governorates in Iraq. Tikrit city, the governorate’s capital was the birthplace of Saddam Hussein, the former president of Iraq. Additionally, this governo-rate is the site of Baiji oil refinery, the biggest refinery in Iraq.Over the past decade, Salah al-Din saw mul-tiple waves of displacement - the biggest oc-curred in 2006 and was followed by the one we observe currently. The February 2006 bombing of Al-Askari Shia mosque in Samar-ra city triggered a wave of sectarian conflict, causing the displacement of 1,6 million peo-ple between 2006 and 2008.5 The conflict that broke out in December 2013 has displaced 443,580 IDP6 individuals from Salah al-Din, 128,256 of whom displaced within the governorate. The security situation in Salah al-Din re-mains tense as heavy clashes between Armed Groups (AGs) and Iraqi Security Forces (ISF) are ongoing and pushing more IDPs to flee from generalized violence, as well as persecu-tion, public executions and laws imposed by AGs in areas under their control. Reportedly, the fiercest battles occur near Baji refinery, as control over this facility in-volves great economic advantages.7

Also troubling is that AG have reportedly been destroying ancient religious sites in Sa-lah al-Din, along with sites in other governo-rates, leading to a loss of historical heritage in the region.8

District of displace-ment

Governorate of originTotal IDP

individualsAnbar Bab-ylon

Bagh-dad

Diyala Erbil Kirkuk Ninewa Salah al-Din

Al-Daur 36 294 330

Al-Fares 1296 4182 5478

Al-Shirqat 630 90 16002 16722

Baiji 2340 2340

Balad 2016 6408 8424

Samarra 1710 6 1488 420 60 48 82536 86268

Tikrit 2640 2640

Tooz 462 13854 14316

Total 5652 6 1524 882 90 60 48 128256 136518

In January clashes broke out in Ramadi, after the Ira-qi army stormed a protest camp suspected of shelter-ing insurgents. 94,927 fam-ilies displaced.

June 10, IS seized control of Mosul. Terrorists issued a statement that Iraqi Chris-tians must ”convert, pay taxes, or be killled”. 117,284 families displaced.

As IS continued persecuting Ninewa minorities, a vast population of KurdishYazidis sought refuge in the nearby Sinjar mountain. 277,626 families displaced.

AnbAr crisis11 Mosul crisis The sinjAr offensive

sAlAh Al-din

irAq

2,742 IDP individ-uals (457 families)

displaced from Anbar

56,910 IDP individu-als (9,485 families)displaced, 99% of which originated

from other areas of Salah al-Din

76,866 IDP individuals (12,811 families)

displaced, 99% of which originated from

Salah al-Din

WAves of displAceMenT in 2014

4. Figures don›t include IDPs and Syrian refugees population and are based on Gol COSIT (2007); 5. Ongoing displacement, IOM 20146. IDPs and returnees are generally categorized in three different groups: those displaced prior to 2006 due to circumstances such asthe first and second Gulf Wars, policies of the former regime, and environmental issues; those displaced after the dramatic rise in sectarian conflict between 2006-2008; and those who were displaced in late 2013 until present due to the armed group offensives that affected Iraq and Syria.

7. Monthly narrative reports8. Salah al Din Governorate Profile, IOM, 2013; 9. Number of individuals is counted by multiplying number of families by 6, that is an average size of an Iraqi family.; 10. Monthly narrative report; 11. Ongoing displacement, IOM 2014

displAceMenT Trends

overvieW

PRE JuNE POST AuGuSTJuNE-July

20152014

1. IDPs by governorate of origin

IOM IraqGovernorate profile: Salah al-Din, May 2015

2

In August 2014, after the Sinjar offensive, a uS-led coalition launched Operation Inher-ent Resolve, targeting AG facilities in Iraq and Syria. In Iraq, the combination of increased airstrikes and increased AG military activity combined to cause a significant increase in displacement figures, which continue to grow. In the past month, 25% of the governorate was reportedly under AGs control, including parts of Al-Shirqat district and areas around Tikrit city.12 Heavy clashes over Baji refin-ery were ongoing, pushing many families to areas not directly affected by the violence. local populations were targeted based on their tribal affiliations, in addition to members of security forces. There have also been reports of mass executions occurring in Tikrit district. Those who fled most commonly settled in Samarra district, which held almost 87,000 IDP individuals.Neighbouring Kirkuk governorate hosts 32% of Salah al-Din IDPs who displaced out-side the governorate. An additional 24% were driven to Baghdad and Erbil. In turn, the influx of IDPs pushed many governorates, such as Baghdad and Kerbala to enforce laws requiring IDPs to obtain a local sponsor upon their arrival. This reportedly added to the suffering of IDPs and made their escape even more difficult.13

12. Monthly narrative report 13, Monthly narrative report

For many IDPs, the period of time spent in displacement has not yet exceeded two years, so they haven’t had time to settle in their new locations. An undefined future and the chang-ing character of the prevailing conflict which lacks a clear balance of power between AGs and ISF has clearly shaped the intentions of IDPs throughout Iraq.

Overall, intentions in Salah al-Din governo-rate seemed to be consistent with trends ob-served country-wide. 81% of all IDPs in the governorate hoped to return to their areas of origin if and when possible.

Hasty escape in fear of death forced many IDPs to leave behind their lives. Frequently deprived of all personal belongings, they suf-fer in poverty. Economic hardship presuma-bly strengthens the desire to return.

19% of the respondents staying in Samarra district were waiting on one or several fac-tors to determine their intentions.

91% of IDPs who originate in Salah al-Din and fled to other governorates intend to reurn to their places of origin, whereas 3% are waiting to determine their decision.

IDPs from Salah al-Din currently residing in Karbala and Basrah were most likely inte-grate in their current location, 73% (498 IDP individuals) and 78% (198) of all IDPs who originate in Salah al-Din and settled in these two governorates, respectively,

inTenTions

Gender- AGe breAkdoWn

Notably, 40% of all IDPs assessed in Salah al-Din were under 14. Additionally, overall there were nearly as many men as there were women among IDPs in the governorate.

3. Gender-age breakdown

IOM IraqGovernorate profile: Salah al-Din, May 2015

3

2. Intentions by district

0

2,000

4,000

6,000

8,000

10,000

12,000

0-5 6-14 15-24 25-59 60+

M F

securiTy And displAceMenT

3%

100%81% 81%

87%

19% 19%8%

Al-Shirqat Samarra Govt Total Iraq

Waiting on one or several factors

Return to place of origin

Locally integrate in current location

reTurn

IOM identified 30,750 IDP individuals who returned to Salah al-Din, 50% of whom arrived from Kirkuk and came back to Tikrit, Al-Alam sub district, in addition to 12% who returned to this area from Erbil, 6% from Baghdad and 4,5% from Sulaymaniyah.Also 27% of those IDPs originate in Salah al-Din and returned from other parts of the governorate to Baji district.Almost all returnees went back to their properties, however 4% in Al-Alam had to rent house. This is presumably related to dev-astation suffered by their houses.As more areas are being reclaimed by ISF, Salah al-Din will pre-sumably see more returns given that overwhelming majority of IDPs indicated desire to return to their governorates of origin.

The combination of the prevailing conflict, threats by the AGs and heavy clashes com-bined, have forced Salah al-Din residents to rush out of their homes. Reportedly, many homes were burnt to the ground by AGs, espe-cially in Al-Alam and Al-Daur districts.

The majority of IDPs - totaling 53% - could afford to rent house, most of whom reside in Samarra, Tooz and Al-Fares districts. Rented housing frequently doesn’t necessarily trans-late into good living conditions, given that some flats provide minimum comfort and some are often completely unfurnished. The remain-ing 43% of IDPs lived in critical shelters or with host families. Critical shelters include unfin-ished/abandoned buildings, religious buildings and informal settlements. Living conditions were reportedly very poor, and the cutoff of basic services has only added to suffering of IDPs.14

53% of IDPs from Salah al-Din who displaced outside the governorate rent house, in addi-tion to 19% staying with host families. The re-mainder reside either in critical shelters (16%), including unfinished/abandoned building or camp(6%).

AGs developments have already set a founda-tion for a future shelter crisis. Those who left their dwellings will have nothing to return to once the conflict is over. Devastation is only one of the future concerns, in addition to the fact that many buildings were booby-trapped by AG. In March, local authorities were re-ported to address this issue by launching a campaign to clean shelters from concealed ex-plosives in areas reclaimed from AGs, such as Tikrit.

From March 2014, many IDPs from Anbar settled in critical shelters in Salah al-Din. After the AG offensives that culmi-nated with the capture of Mosul and Tikrit cities in early June, the majority of IDPs began renting house. It is thought that the short period of displacement for this population and ini-tial availability of financial resources allowed them to afford renting housing. However, due to prolonging displacement, the number of IDPs who stay in critical shelters has been steadily growing, given that more families are forced to leave in a hurry due to very heavy clashes between AGs and ISF.

shelTer MoveMenT over TiMe

shelTers

IOM IraqGovernorate profile: Salah al-Din, May 2015

5. Shelters over time15

4. Shelters by districts

14. RART Monthly narrative report, April 2015 15. Critical shelter arrangements include: unfinished and abandoned buildings, religious buildings, school buildings, informal settlements, other formal settlements, as well as unknown arrangements. These shelter types are classified as critical since the facilities are either not sustainable or

inadequate to provide safe living conditions to the displaced population. Private settings include host families, rented housing and hotels/motels. While these shelter arrangements should ensure better living standards to their occupants, they can entail a considerable burden to the host community as well as place strain on the functioning of basic services. Please refer to Annex 3 on DTM Shelter definitions for further information.

Abandoned/unfinished buildings offer poor living condi-tions, Hay al Imam, Balad district

4

5%

36%44% 47%

4%

50%

2%12%

16%

3%

39%

4% 9%

7%1%

1%

1%

9% 1%

77%

19%8%

7%

64%

27%

82%56%

19% 14%

4%

19%

3%

6%

1%

22% 26%

7%

13%

3% 4%

12%10% 6%

0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

70%

80%

90%

100%

Host Families Informal settlements

Other Religious Building

Rented housing School Building

Unfinished/Abandoned building Unknown

0

2000

4000

6000

8000

10000

12000

14000

16000

Camp Private housing Critical shelters

IOM IraqGovernorate profile: Salah al-Din, May 2015

Given that many schools in Al-Shirqat district are oc-cupied by IDPs, access to education is hindered. In re-sult, 15% of the respondents in this district indicated that education was among the five top priority needs.

The high need of sanitation/hygiene reflects the poor living conditions in critical shelter types. In addition, 25% of respondents living in religious buldings iden-tified access to water as their top priority need. IDPs residing in religious buildings depict high vulnerability given that their reported need for items required to survive, including water, food, shelter and sanitation overwhelemed their reported need for access to in-come.

6. The five top priority needs by districts

7. The top five priority needs by shelter types

16. RART Monthly narrative report, April 201517, 18, 19. ibidem

Many areas in the governorate couldn’t be accessed due to ongoing fighting between AGs and ISF, supported by the International Coalition. However, collected data shows a picture of financial exhaustion and a shelter crisis, accompanied by lack of daily use items.

Need for access to work (29%) and shelter (19%) were both high and closely tied. Giv-en that over 50% of IDPs in Salah al-Din rent houses, they report an urgent need for work or income in order to remain in their shelters. Many have left everything behind and suffer unemployment.16 Economic hard-ship has been underlying the shelter crisis; also, food insecurity was reported by 11% of the repondents. Need for food was mostly prevalent in critical shelter types, such as religious buildings, school buildings and in-formal settlements. It was reported to be a pressing need for IDPs currently residing in Balad and Samarra districts as well as Aldu-luyah sub-district.17

IOM field staff reported that since many houses have been damaged during clashes, IDPs in Al-Alam and Al-Daur district needed shelter and tents. 18

High demand for NFIs is again related to fi-nancial depletion, as well as disrupted trade, which has resulted in severe limitations of the movement of goods. Reportedly, IDPs were in need of summer kits, including air and water coolers.19

prioriTy needs

5

27% 26% 25%15%

30%25% 24% 30% 29%

5%17%

20%

10% 19% 14% 15% 11%8%

6%

20%

8%6%10%

15%

10%

20%

19%

16%

10%

19%

11% 15%

9%

20%

9%

26% 27% 30%

30%

17% 18%27%

25% 19%25%

Access to Work EducationFood HealthLegal Help NFISanitation/ Hygiene Shelter/HousingWater

25%

29%

29%

15% 10%

11%

11%

20%

18%

19%

9%

9%

30%

19%

19%

Al-Shirqat

Samarra

Grand Total

Access to Work EducationFood NFISanitation/ Hygiene Shelter/Housing

Many IDP families in Al-Hardaniya village stay in informal settlements and suffer from unsound living conditions.