salivary gland disordersgmch.gov.in/sites/default/files/documents/salivary gland... · 2020. 12....
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SALIVARY GLAND DISORDERS
DR. ARJUN DASS PROF. & HEAD
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INTRODUCTION
• Four main salivary glands • Two parotid glands • Two submandibular glands • Multiple minor salivary
glands in the upper respiratory track
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ANATOMY
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IMPORTANT STRUCTURES THAT PASS THROUGH PAROTID GLAND
• Facial nerve • Terminal part and branches
of external carotid artery • Maxillary artery • Superficial temporal artery • Retromandibular vein • Intra parotid lymph nodes
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SUBMANDIBULAR GLAND
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SALIVARY GLANDS LESIONS
• Congenital • Inflammatory
• Viral • Bacterial
• Traumatic • Neoplasm
• Benign • Malignant
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INFLAMMATORY DISORDERS • Viral infections (Mumps) • acute painful parotid swelling • children • airborne droplet infection • ex on meals • Complications • Orchitis ,oophritis, pancreatitis ,SNHL,
meningoencephlitis
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TREATMENT
• Analgesics
• Fluid intake
• Life long immunity
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BACTERIAL INFECTION • Acute Suppurative Sialadenitis • May involve parotid or
submandibular gland • Ascending infection • Staph aureus , strep. • Dehydrated old /
young children
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ACUTE SUPPURATIVE SIALADENITIS
Clinical Features : • Malaise, pyrexia , cx LAP • Examination : pus from duct opening Management : • USG • I.V Antibiotics • Drainage
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CHRONIC SIALADENITIS
• Chronic infection of salivary gland can lead to firm, mild enlargement of the gland with repeated acute infection
• More in parotid gland followed by submandibular gland
• History of recurrent mildly painful enlargement of gland. Massage of gland produces scanty secretions at the opening of the duct
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MANAGEMENT
• USG • Papillotomy • Removal of calculus • Antibiotic • Massage of the gland • Total gland excision • Tympanic neurectomy
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SALIVARY GLAND TUMOURS • Tumours of salivary glands represent a
complex and histopathologically diverse group of tumour
• Diagnosis and management is complicated by the fact that they are in frequent
• Making up only 1% of head and neck tumour
• Proper management require and accurate diagnosis by the pathologists and physicians
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Salivary gland tumours Benign malignant
• Parotid 80-90% 10-20%
• Submandibular 50% 50%
• Sublingual 5% 95%
• Minor 10% 90%
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PAROTID TUMOURS • Most common site of salivary
neoplasm • Mainly arise from superficial lobe • Slow growing painless mass
below or infront of pinna • Deep lobe tumours present as
parapharyngeal mass • Dysphagia / snoring /
mass in oropharynx
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CLASSIFICATION OF PAROTID TUMOURS
• Adenoma pleomorphic / warthin, adenolymphoma
• Carcinoma acinic cell ca / adenoid cystic ca adenocarcinoma / scc
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PLEOMORPHIC ADENOMA • Most common benign tumour • Can arise from parotid, submandibular or
other salivary gland • In the parotid it usually arises from tail • Slow growing tumour • Seen in 3rd or 4th decade • More in female • Both epithelial and mesenchymal
elements are seen
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DIAGNOSIS
• History • Clinical examination • FNAC • Ultrasonography • CT Scan • MRI
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TREATMENT
• Surgical Excision
• Superficial parotidectomy
• Total parotidectomy with preservation of facial nerve
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WARTHIN’S TUMOUR
• More common in male (5:1) • Seen between 5th & 7th decade • Mostly involve tail of parotid • Bilateral in 10% • May be multiple • Rounded, encapsulated at time cystic • Treatment : Superficial parotidectomy
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CLINICAL FEATURES OF MALIGNANT SALIVARY TUMOURS
• Facial palsy
• Rapid increase in size
• Hard mass / ulceration
• Cervical lymphadenopathy
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SIALADENOSIS
• Non inflammatory swelling affecting salivary glands
1. Diabetes mellitus 2. Alcoholism , pregnancy 3. Bulemia 4. Drugs 5. idiopathic
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DEGENERATIVE CONDITIONS
Sjogren syndrome • Autoimmune • Progressive destruction of salivary and
lacrimal glands • xerostomia • Primary • Secondry connective tissue disorders
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DISEASES OF SUBMANDIBULAR GLAND
• Inflammatory conditions Viral Bacterial
• Obstructive calculus trauma
• Tumours
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THANK YOU