Sample:

The Influence of the Etruscanson Early Rome.

Please study the map and make sure you can identify areas of Etruscan influence

Rome’s origins - archaeology

1200 BC – round huts in small settlements on Palatine

Boggy forum for burials

Palatinus (palace) = central hill/Romulus’ Rome?

Palatine & Esquiline make single village. Date 753 BC

Seven Hills of Rome

Palatine – centre of power

Capitoline – fortified stronghold of Rome. Later religious centre

Quirinal – Romulus’ as god

Viminal

Esquiline – next inhabited

Caelian

Aventine – of the Plebeians

Who were the Etruscans?

• Lydians forced to move by famine: Herodotus, died circa 420 BC.

• An ancient indigenous people: Dionysius of Halicarnassus

• Germans from Danube: Livy

Krater with lid, 725 – 700 BC

Etruscan names

First names first!

Then, patronymics

Cognomens, but women had individual first names

Matronymics used– Culni, Ati, Ramtha

Etruscan KingsWore Purple robes

Carried eagle-headed sceptre

Folding ivory ‘throne’

The Fasces (bundle):-

From kings to consuls & lictors

An axe surrounded by bundles of reeds

Etruscan Officials

Fasces –rods, axes & red ribbon

Lictors – bully boys and body-guards

Originally 12

‘curule’…state chair

Patres (Fathers)

Etruscan Religion

• The word of the gods, disciplina Etrusca

• Haruspicini = haruspex, examining the liver (Babylonian)

• Fulgurales = lightening

• Augurs = omens & portents

              

Piacenza liver

Tomb of the Baron, Tarquinia

Cubiculum – the bedroom