saqartvelos uzenaesi sasamartlos 2018 wlis …...1 sakanonmdeblo cvlilebebi 2017 wlis 8 tebervals...

saqarTvelos uzenaesisasamarTlos

2018 wlis angariSi

marTlmsajulebismdgomareobis Sesaxeb

saqarTvelos uzenaesi sasamarTlo

Tbilisi

2018

saZiebeli

Sesavali ............................................................................................................................... 3

saqarTvelos uzenaesi sasamarTlos struqtura ...................................... 5

2018 wels uzenaesi sasamarTlos mier miRebuligadawyvetilebebis/ganaCenebis SedarebiTi analizi

samoqalaqo saqmeTa palata ........................................................................................... 8

administraciul saqmeTa palata ............................................................................ 49

sisxlis samarTlis saqmeTa palata ..................................................................... 130

sasamarTlo gadawyvetilebebis erTiani baza ....................................... 151

uzenaesi sasamarTlos organizaciuli struqtura ............................ 152

gamocemebi erovnuli dasaerTaSoriso sasamarTlo praqtikis Taobaze ..................................... 155

TanamSromloba saerTaSoriso,donor da arasamTavrobo organizaciebTan ............................................ 157

kvalifikaciis asamaRlebeli programebi,delegaciaTa vizitebi ............................................................................................ 162

informacia sasamarTlos biujetis Sesaxeb ............................................. 169

danarTistatistikuri informacia saqmeTa ganxilvis Taobaze .......... 170

Sesavali

2018 weli saqarTveloSi moqmedi marTlmsajulebis sistemisTvis, iseve rogorc saka-nonmdeblo da aRmasrulebeli xelisuflebisTvis, dinamikuri, winaaRmdegobrivi peri-petiebiTa da reformebiT datvirTuli iyo. sasamarTlo sistema, rogorc xelisufle-bis mesame Sto, romelsac sakanonmdeblo da aRmasrulebel xelisuflebebs Soris dam-balanseblisa da gamawonasworeblis gansakuTrebuli daniSnuleba akisria, cdilobda,movlenebs ar CamorCenoda da Rirseulad gaerTmia Tavi am metad sapasuxismgeblo daqarTuli saxelmwifoebriobisaTvis mniSvnelovani funqciis SesrulebisTvis.

2018 wels safuZveli Caeyara sasamarTlo xelisuflebisTvis metad mniSvnelovan ini-ciativebsa da reformebs, romlebic dResac warmatebiT grZeldeba. am mimarTulebiT,ar SeiZleba, ar aRiniSnos saqarTvelos uzenaesi sasamarTlosa da iusticiis umaRlesisabWos yofili Tavmjdomaris nino gvenetaZis wvlili, romelmac Tanamdeboba 2018 wlis2 agvistos, janmrTelobis mdgomareobis gamo datova. saqarTvelos uzenaesi sasamar-Tlo marTlmsajulebis sistemaSi dawyebuli yvela mniSvnelovani sareformo proce-sisa da wamowyebis saTaveSi imyofeboda, rasac winamdebare angariSic adasturebs. Tum-ca, konstruqciul cvlilebebTan erTad, kvlav did gamowvevad rCeboda marTlmsaju-lebis sistemisadmi Cveni sazogadoebis ndoba, aseve, mosamarTleTa raodenobrivi sim-cire da gadatvirTuloba.

Cven yvelani erTad vTanxmdebiT, rom mosamarTlis profesiuli karieris arsebiTi mi-zani sazogadoebis, moqalaqeebis ndobis maqsimalurad mopovebaa. mosamarTleebis dasasamarTlos mimarT ndobis xarisxi ki, sasamarTlos damoukideblobis realur mdgo-mareobas gansazRvravs. sasamarTlos mimarT ndobis ararseboba niSnavs sasamarTlosdamoukideblobis ararsebobas.

iuristma, romelic samosamarTlo saqmianobas eweva, Tavisi inteleqti da Sinagani re-sursi kanonis Sesasruleblad unda gamoiyenos. aseve, kanoniT gansazRvrul fargleb-Si, unda daexmaros im mxares, romelsac Tavisi uflebebis damoukideblad dacvis Se-saZlebloba ar aqvs.

aseTi midgomis safuZvelia saqarTvelos konstituciis 31-e muxli, romelic garanti-as aZlevs yvelas, Tavis uflebaTa da TavisuflebaTa dasacavad sasamarTlos mimarTos.mosamarTlis damoukidebloba, sasamarTlo sistemis organizeba, mosamarTleTa saqmi-anobis materialur-samarTlebrivi safuZvlebi unda gamomdinareobdes sasamarTlofunqciebidan, damkvidrebuli sasamarTlo praqtikidan da samarTlis subieqtis mimarTTviTnebobis gamoricxvis principidan.

„saerTo sasamarTloebis Sesaxeb“ organuli kanonis me-18 muxlis meore punqtis „m“ qve-punqtis Sesabamisad, saqarTvelos uzenaesma sasamarTlom moamzada 2018 wlis angariSisaqarTveloSi marTlmsajulebis mdgomareobis Sesaxeb.

winamdebare dokumentis ZiriTadi nawili aanalizebs uzenaesi sasamarTlos erTgvaro-van praqtikas saqarTvelos marTlmsajulebis mdgomareobis gaTvaliswinebiT. igi moi-cavs informacias samosamarTlo samarTlis mixedviT qveda instanciis sasamarTloeb-Si samarTlebrivi normis gamoyenebis, ganmartebisa da proceduruli wesebis dacvissakiTxebze, agreTve, 2017-2018 wlebis ganmavlobaSi uzenaesi sasamarTlos samoqala-qo, administraciuli da sisxlis samarTlis saqmeTa palatebis mier miRebul mniSvne-lovan gadawyvetilebebs.

uzenaesi sasamarTlo, gadawyvetilebebis dasabuTebisas, iTvaliswinebs saqarTvelosmier ratificirebuli saerTaSoriso xelSekrulebebiT dadgenil standartebs. Tum-ca, upirveles yovlisa, eyrdnoba konstituciiT garantirebul uflebebs, romelTagaTvaliswinebiTac uzrunvelyofs erovnul samarTlebriv sivrceSi saerTaSoriso sa-marTlebrivi normebisa da standartebis danergvas. saerTaSoriso normebis ganmarte-bisa da Sida praqtikasTan Sesabamisobis sakiTxebze, uzenaesi sasamarTlos analitikur-

saqarTvelos uzenaesi sasamarTlosaqarTvelos uzenaesi sasamarTlosaqarTvelos uzenaesi sasamarTlosaqarTvelos uzenaesi sasamarTlosaqarTvelos uzenaesi sasamarTlo

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ma da adgilobrivi sasamarTlo praqtikis ganzogadebis ganyofilebebma saangariSo wlisganmavlobaSi kvlevebi da Tematuri krebulebi gamosces.

saqarTvelos uzenaesi sasamarTlo gasul wels samuSao Sexvedrebisa Tu samecniero-sakonsultacio sabWos sxdomebis formatSi mWidrod TanamSromlobda samoqalaqo sa-zogadoebis, donori da saerTaSoriso organizaciebis warmomadgenlebTan da maTi wi-nadadebebis gaTvaliswinebiT SeimuSavebda rekomendaciebs sisxlis, administraciulida samoqalaqo samarTalwarmoebis sakiTxebze.

saqarTvelos uzenaesma sasamarTlom, saangariSo periodSi, mediasa da sazogadoebas-Tan urTierTobis mimarTulebiT, araerTi saintereso Sexvedra da RonisZieba gamarTa,saqarTvelos umaRles saswavlo dawesebulebebTan studentTa staJirebisa da imiti-rebuli sasamarTlo procesebis araerTi programa ganaxorciela. saganmanaTlebloprocesis xelSewyobisa da sasamarTlos Taobaze cnobierebis amaRlebis mizniT, uze-naes sasamarTloSi sruli datvirTviT funqcionirebda biblioTeka da marTlmsaju-lebis muzeumi.

warmodgenili angariSi uzenaesi sasamarTlos gundis, mosamarTleTa da aparatis Ta-namSromelTa nayofieri muSaobis Sedegia, risTvisac maT madlobas vuxdi.

uzenaesi sasamarTlos Tavmjdomaris movaleobis Semsrulebeli

samoqalaqo saqmeTa palatis Tavmjdomare

mosamarTle mzia Todua

2018 wlis angariSi2018 wlis angariSi2018 wlis angariSi2018 wlis angariSi2018 wlis angariSi

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saqarTvelos uzenaesi sasamarTlosstruqtura

saerTo sasamarTloebis sistema Sedgeba raionuli/saqalaqo sasamarTloebisgan (maTSoris, magistrati mosamarTleebisgan), Tbilisisa da quTaisis saapelacio sasamarTlo-ebisa da saqarTvelos uzenaesi sasamarTlosagan.

uzenaesi sasamarTlos mTavari funqciaa marTlmsajulebis ganxorcielebis zedamxed-veloba saqarTvelos saerTo sasamarTloebSi. uzenaesi sasamarTlo ganixilavs samo-qalaqo administraciul da sisxlis samarTlis saqmeebze saCivrebs, Tu saapelacio sa-samarTlos gadawyvetileba/ganCineba/ganaCeni:

a) moicavs samarTlebriv problemas, romlis gadawyvetac xels Seuwyobs samarTlis gan-viTarebas da erTgvarovani sasamarTlo praqtikis Camoyalibebas;

b) saqarTvelos uzenaes sasamarTlos manamde msgavs samarTlebriv sakiTxze gadawyve-tileba ar miuRia;

g) sakasacio saCivris ganxilvis Sedegad mocemul saqmeze savaraudoa msgavs samarTleb-riv sakiTxze saqarTvelos uzenaesi sasamarTlos manamde arsebuli praqtikisagangansxvavebuli gadawyvetilebis miReba;

d) saapelacio sasamarTlos gadawyvetileba gansxvavdeba msgavs samarTlebriv sakiT-xze saqarTvelos uzenaesi sasamarTlos manamde arsebuli praqtikisagan;

e) saapelacio sasamarTlom saqme ganixila materialuri an/da saproceso samarTlisnormebis mniSvnelovani darRveviT, rasac SeeZlo arsebiTad emoqmeda saqmis ganxil-vis Sedegze;

v) saapelacio sasamarTlos gadawyvetileba ewinaaRmdegeba msgavs samarTlebriv sakiT-xze adamianis uflebaTa da ZiriTad TavisuflebaTa dacvis konvencias da adamianisuflebaTa evropuli sasamarTlos precedentul samarTals;

z) kasatori arasrulwlovani msjavrdebulia (sisxlis samarTlis saproceso kodeqsis303.3 muxli);

T) gasaCivrebulia saapelacio sasamarTlos meore dauswrebeli gadawyvetileba an gan-Cineba dauswrebeli gadawyvetilebis ucvlelad datovebis Taobaze (samoqalaqo sap-roceso kodeqsis 391.5 muxli).

2016 wels sasamarTlo reformis mesame talRis farglebSi SemuSavebuli sakanonmdeb-lo cvlilebebis Tanaxmad,1 uzenaesi sasamarTlo ganixilavs saCivars, Tu miiCnevs, romsaapelacio sasamarTlos gadawyvetileba ewinaaRmdegeba msgavs samarTlebriv sakiT-xze adamianis uflebaTa dacvis evropul konvencias.

2018 wlis agvistoSi ZalaSi Sevida adamianis uflebaTa evropuli konvenciis damatebi-Ti me-16 oqmi, romelic moicavs evropis sabWos wevri umaRlesi instanciis sasamarTlo-ebis uflebas _ saqmis ganxilvis procesSi mimarTon adamianis uflebaTa evropul sasa-marTlos sakonsultacio daskvnis miRebis mizniT. aRniSnuli faqti kidev ufro afar-Toebs uzenaesi sasamarTlos uflebamosilebas da xels uwyobs adamianis uflebaTa ev-ropul sasamarTlosa da erovnul organoebs Soris urTierTobis gaRrmavebas.

1 sakanonmdeblo cvlilebebi 2017 wlis 8 Tebervals amoqmedda.


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saqarTvelos konstituciis axali redaqciis mixedviT, saqarTvelos uzenaesi sasamar-Tlo warmoadgens sakasacio instanciis sasamarTlos, romlis SemadgenlobaSi aranak-leb 28 mosamarTle unda iyos. uzenaesi sasamarTlos mosamarTleebs uvadod, organu-li kanoniT dadgenili asakis miRwevamde, iusticiis umaRlesi sabWos wardginebiT, sru-li Semadgenlobis umravlesobiT irCevs saqarTvelos parlamenti.

saqarTvelos konstituciis axali redaqciis amoqmedebamde, uzenaes sasamarTloSi, „sa-erTo sasamarTloebis Sesaxeb“ organuli kanonis mixedviT, mosamarTleTa ricxvi 16-iT ganisazRvreboda. 2014-2015 wlebSi uzenaesi sasamarTlos SemadgenlobaSi iyo 16 mo-samarTle, 2016 wels _ 13, 2017-Si _ 12, xolo 2018 wlis oqtombridan uzenaes sasamar-TloSi 10 mosamarTle axorcielebs uflebamosilebas (sisxlis samarTlis saqmeTa pa-latis erT mosamarTles uflebamosileba gaugrZelda misi monawileobiT dawyebul saq-meebze saboloo gadawyvetilebebis gamotanamde).


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uzenaesi sasamarTlos mosamarTleebi

mzia ToduaTavmjdomaris movaleobis

Semsrulebeli, Tavmjdomarispirveli moadgile, samoqalaqosaqmeTa palatis Tavmjdomare

vasil roiniSviliTavmjdomaris moadgile,administraciul saqmeTa

palatis Tavmjdomare,sakvalifikacio palatis wevri,

sadisciplino palatis wevri

nino baqaqurisamoqalaqo

saqmeTa palatismosamarTle

zurab

ZlieriSvilisamoqalaqo

saqmeTa palatismosamarTle,

sadisciplinopalatis wevri

besarion

alaviZesamoqalaqo

saqmeTapalatis

mosamarTle

ekaterine

gasitaSvilisamoqalaqo


sakvalifikaciopalatis wevri

paata qaTamaZesamoqalaqo

saqmeTa palatismosamarTle

maia vaCaZeadministraciulsaqmeTa palatis

mosamarTle

nugzar sxirtlaZeadministraciulsaqmeTa palatis

mosamarTle

paata silagaZesisxlis samarTlis


sakvalifikaciopalatis Tavmjdomare

giorgi SavliaSvilisisxlis samarTlis saqmeTa

palatis mosamarTle,sadisciplino palatis

Tavmjdomare


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2018 wels uzenaesi sasamarTlos miermiRebuli gadawyvetilebebis/

ganaCenebis SedarebiTi analizi

I. samoqalaqo saqmeTa palata

saqmeTa ganxilvis Taobaze statistikuri informaciis analizi, upirvelesad, miRe-buli gadawyvetilebebis xarisxisa da stabilurobis mniSvnelobis SefasebiT unda da-viwyoT. Tavisi SinaarsiT, mosamarTleTa saqmianoba inteleqtualuria, is maRalpro-fesiul momzadebasa da Sesabamis unar-Cvevebs moiTxovs. mosamarTleebis ZiriTad sa-muSaoebSi Sedis: saqmis masalebis Seswavla, maTi mosmena da saboloo gadawyvetile-bis miReba; ukeTes SemTxvevaSi, momzadebuli gadawyvetilebis proeqtis analizi daSesworeba. sakanonmdeblo masalebis moZieba da Seswavla; sasamarTlos saxelmZRva-nelo praqtikis Seswavla; gadawyvetilebis miRebisaTvis aucilebeli informaciis ana-lizi. amrigad, aRniSnuli samuSaoebis CamonaTvali mosamarTleTa profesiuli saq-mianobis SemoqmedebiT xasiaTze miuTiTebs. misi mizani arastandartuli/atipuri dasapasuxismgeblo amocanebis gadawyvetaa. aqedan gamomdinare, mosamarTlis saqmiano-bas, garkveuli doziT, zogjer inteleqtualuri xarvezi SeiZleba hqondes. amis sa-zomi, rogorc wesi, mosamarTlis mier Sedgenili saproceso dokumentebis xarisxia.am TvalsazrisiT, sasamarTlos amocanaa wlidan wlamde viTarebis gaumjobeseba, sa-samarTlo praqtikis daxvewa da ganviTareba, rac pirdapirproporciulad aamaRlebsmisdami sazogadoebis ndobas.

ukanasknel wlebSi mniSvnelovnad gaumjobesda sasamarTlo gadawyvetilebaTa xaris-xi. qveda instanciis sasamarTloebi ZiriTadad sworad wyveten davebs, rac TavisTavadaisaxeba uzenaes sasamarTloSi Semosul samoqalaqo saqmeTa ganxilvis Sedegzec. aR-niSnuli gulisxmobs, rom sakasacio sasamarTloSi Semosul saqmeTa umravlesoba da-uSvebelia. kerZod, samoqalaqo saqmeTa palataSi 2018 wels sakasacio saCivris safuZ-velze ganxiluli 1062 saqmidan dauSveblad cnes 553, anu saqmeebis 52%. rac Seexeba 2018wels Semosul sakasacio saCivarTa raodenobas, igi Seadgens 1486-s, saidanac 36,8% da-uSveblad iqna miCneuli; 11,1% daSvebulia arsebiTad gansaxilvelad, xolo saqmeTa da-narCeni nawili, rig SemTxvevebSi, Sewyda mxareTa morigebis gamo, xolo nawili darCaganuxilvelad.

sakasacio sasamarTlos mier 2018 wels ganxilul da gadawyvetil saqmeTa ganzogade-buli analizis mixedviT, 2017 wlis mdgomareobasTan mimarTebiT, unda aRiniSnos, romsakasacio saCivrebSi TiTqmis Tanabari doziT ikveTeba saapelacio sasamarTloebismxridan materialuri da saproceso samarTlis normaTa darRveva, romelTa gamo kasa-torebi saapelacio sasamarTlos ganCineba/gadawyvetilebis gauqmebas iTxoven. amas-Tan, sayuradReboa, rom calkeul SemTxvevebSi, pirveli instanciis sasamarTlos faq-tobriv-samarTlebrivi msjeloba da daskvna sakasacio sasamarTlom gaiTvaliswina dasaapelacio sasamarTlos gadawyvetilebis gauqmebiT, swored pirveli instanciis sa-samarTlos mier dadgenili samarTlebrivi Sedegi datova ZalaSi (aRniSnuli saqmeebisanalizi ufro vrclad ixileT qvemoT).

2018 wels sakasacio sasamarTlom, 2017 welTan SedarebiT, naklebi raodenobis sakasa-cio saCivari ganixila arsebiTad, rac saapelacio sasamarTloebis mier davaTa gadawyve-tisa da gadawyvetilebis dasabuTebis TvalsazrisiT udavod progresis maCvenebelia.

sakasacio sasamarTlom 2017 wels 64 saqmeze miiRo axali gadawyvetileba da qvemdgomiinstanciis sasamarTlos gadawyvetilebebi materialuri, xolo zogjer saproceso-sa-marTlebrivi darRvevebis gamo gaauqma, axali gadawyvetilebiT ki, rogorc sadavo ur-


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TierTobebis samarTlebrivi Sefaseba, aseve iuridiuli Sedegi Secvala. gansakuTre-biT aRsaniSnavia saapelacio sasamarTlos mier saxelSekrulebo (nasyidoba, sesxi, nar-doba), deliqturi, saojaxo (bavSvis saukeTeso interesis kvlevis TvalsazrisiT), Sro-miTi, sakorporacio samarTlis momwesrigebeli normebis araswori ganmarteba da ga-moyeneba. miuxedavad imisa, rom sakasacio sasamarTlos ganmartebaTa udidesi nawiliamgvar davebs Seexeba, 2018 wlis monacemebiT, am mimarTulebiT, viTareba gaumjobese-bulia. saqmeTa raodenobis zrda met-naklebad gamowveulia qvemdgomi instanciebis sa-samarTloebSi mosamarTleTa ricxovnobis zrdiTa da specializaciis SemoRebiT. amas-Tan, unda aRiniSnos, rom gadawyvetilebebSi daSvebuli Secdomebi, zogjer, SesaZloaara marto mosamarTleTa profesiuli momzadebis arasaTanado dones, aramed sasamar-TloTa gadatvirTulobiT gamowveul stresul mdgomareobasac ukavSirdebodes.

uzenaesi sasamarTlo, arsebiTad ixilavs ra sakasacio saCivrebs, araerT SemTxvevaSi,saapelacio sasamarTloebs saqmes xelaxla gansaxilvelad Sesabamisi miTiTebebiT ub-runebs, romlis mixedviTac, saapelacio sasamarTlom sworad unda gansazRvros sasar-Celo moTxovnis samarTlebrivi safuZveli, saqmeze dasadgen garemoebaTa wre da mxa-reTa Soris mtkicebis tvirTis sworad ganawilebiT unda Seafasos samarTlebrivi Se-degis ganmapirobebeli yvela faqtobrivi wanamZRvari. aqve unda aRiniSnos, rom sakasa-cio sasamarTlos araerTi miTiTebis miuxedavad, saapelacio sasamarTlo zogjer er-Ti da imave xasiaTis Secdomebs uSvebs (magaliTad, sarCos gadaangariSebasTan, samuSa-odan gaTavisuflebasTan, aRiarebiT moTxovnebTan dakavSirebul davebSi da a.S.; ufrovrclad ixileT qvemoT).

2017 wels sakasacio sasamarTlos samoqalaqo saqmeTa palatam arsebiTad ganixila 168saqme. aqedan, 37 saapelacio sasamarTlos xelaxla gansaxilvelad daubrunda, axali ga-dawyvetileba 64 saqmeze miiRes dauSveblobis motiviT, sarCeli 6 saqmeze ganuxilve-lad datoves, xolo 60 saqmeze saapelacio sasamarTlos mier gansazRvruli samarTleb-rivi Sedegi ZalaSi darCa.

arsebiTad ganxilulTa Soris, 64 saqmeze sakasacio sasamarTlom axali gadawyvetile-ba miiRo. umTavresad, axali gadawyvetilebebis miReba ganpirobebulia qvemdgomi sasa-marTloebis mxridan materialur-samarTlebrivi normebis arasworad gamoyeneba-gan-martebiT. Tumca, axal gadawyvetilebaTa Soris gvxvdeba saproceso samarTlis wese-bis imgvari darRvevac, romelsac Sedegad araswori gadawyvetilebis miReba mohyva.

2017-2018 wlebSi saqarTvelos uzenaesi sasamarTlos samoqalaqo saqmeTa palatam, er-Tgvarovani sasamarTlo praqtikis Camoyalibebisa da samarTlis ganviTarebisaTvis, ara-erTi samarTlis normis interpretacia moaxdina tipur SemTxvevaTa Sedarebisa da ga-dawyvetilebaTa analizis gziT.

sasarCelo xandazmuloba (moTxovnis ganxorcielebadoba)xandazmulobisa da sapretenzio vadebis urTierTmimarTeba

xandazmuloba movalis dacvas emsaxureba. mxedvelobaSia kanoniT dadgenili im vadisgasvla, romlis Semdegac movales ufleba aqvs uari Tqvas Sesrulebaze (saqarTvelossamoqalaqo kodeqsis, SemdegSi ssk-is, 144.1 muxli). Tumca, unda aRiniSnos, rom xandaz-mulobas sasamarTlo sakuTari iniciativiT ar iTvaliswinebs. is warmoadgens movaliskuTvnil Sesagebels, romelic man mosarCeles saqmeze mosamzadebeli sxdomis damTav-rebamde unda warudginos.

erT-erT saqmeze sakasacio sasamarTlom ganmarta, rom ssk-is 899-e muxlis pirveli na-wilis meore winadadebis mixedviT, Tu ZiriTadi movale gardaicvleba, Tavdebs ar Se-uZlia miuTiTos memkvidris SezRudul pasuxismgeblobaze. Sesabamisad, saxelSekru-lebo moTxovnaTa mimarT xandazmulobis vada unda aiTvalos ssk-is 129-e muxliT dad-


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genili wesebis mixedviT. miTiTebuli normis meore nawilis mixedviT, xandazmulobisvada im moTxovnebisTvis, romlebic warmoiSoba periodulad Sesasrulebeli valdebu-lebebidan, sami welia. mocemul SemTxvevaSi, dadgenilia, rom banks moTxovnis uflebawarmoeSva 2014 wlis 25 Tebervlidan, xolo man sarCeli aRZra 2015 wlis 31 ivliss, anukanoniT gaTvaliswinebuli samwliani vadis dacviT.

ssk-is 1488-e muxlTan mimarTebaSi palatam aRniSna, rom ssk-is 1488-e muxlSi saubariaara sasarCelo xandazmulobis, aramed pretenziis wardgenis vadebze, rac gansxvavebu-li cnebebia. miTiTebuli normiT dadgenili eqvsTviani vada aris mamkvidreblis kre-ditorTa mier memkvidreebisaTvis moTxovnis (pretenziis) wardgenis da ara sasamar-TloSi sarCelis Setanis vada. amasTan, gasaTvaliswinebelia, rom Tu mamkvidreblis kre-ditorebma zemoxsenebuli vadis dacviT ar warudgines moTxovna memkvidreebs, isinikargaven moTxovnis uflebas, rac SemdgomSi, sarCelis wardgenis SemTxvevaSi, am sarCe-lis dakmayofilebaze uaris Tqmis safuZveli iqneba. ssk-is 1487-e muxli avaldebulebsmemkvidreebs Seatyobinon mamkvidreblis kreditorebs samkvidros gaxsnis Sesaxeb, TumaTTvis cnobilia gardacvlilis valebis Sesaxeb. amave kodeqsis 1488-e muxlis pirve-li nawilis Tanaxmad, mamkvidreblis kreditorebma eqvsi Tvis ganmavlobaSi im dRidan,rac maTTvis cnobili gaxda samkvidros gaxsnis Sesaxeb, unda warudginon moTxovna mem-kvidreebs, romlebmac miiRes samkvidro, moTxovnis vadis dadgomis miuxedavad. aR-niSnuli normebis samarTlebrivi analizis safuZvelze sakasacio palata ganmarta, romkreditors movalis memkvidreebisaTvis moTxovnis wardgena evaleba mxolod mas Sem-deg, rac misTvis cnobili gaxdeba movalis gardacvalebis (samkvidros gaxsnis) Sesaxeb(ssk-is 1487) da im memkvidreebis Sesaxeb, romlebmac miiRes samkvidro. aseT SemTxvevaSimoTxovnis warmoSobis dros mniSvneloba ar gaaCnia, radgan SeuZlebelia moTxovnis war-dgena, Tu ar aris gansazRvruli am moTxovnaze pasuxismgebel pirTa wre (memkvidreebi,romlebmac miiRes movalis samkvidro). sakasacio palatam aRniSna, rom saqmis masale-biT ar dasturdeboda apelantTa mxridan, kreditorisaTvis, movalis gardacvalebisSesaxeb Setyobinebis valdebulebis (ssk-is 1487) Sesruleba. amdenad, praqtikuli mniS-vnelobis iyo im sakiTxis garkveva, Tu rodidan iwyeboda ssk-is 1488-e muxliT gaTva-liswinebuli pretenziis wardgenis vadis aTvla. miTiTebuli norma adgens, rom am va-dis aTvla iwyeba im dRidan, roca mamkvidreblis kreditorebma Seityves samkvidrosgaxsnis Sesaxeb, Tumca amave normis mixedviT, mamkvidreblis kreditorebma moTxovnaunda warudginon im memkvidreebs, romlebmac miiRes samkvidro. ssk-is 1499-e muxlispirveli nawilis mixedviT, samkvidro mowmobas gascems notariusi. Sesabamisad, kredi-torma, romlisTvisac cnobili gaxdeba movalis gardacvalebis Sesaxeb unda Seasru-los Semdegi iuridiuli moqmedeba _ man unda mimarTos nebismier notariuss, gardac-vlilis memkvidreebis mimarT moTxovnis wardgenis pretenziiT. notariusi ki valde-bulia, miiRos mamkvidreblis kreditoris werilobiTi gancxadeba, kreditoris preten-ziebis Sesaxeb, gancxadeba unda Sedges kerZo an sajaro aqtis formiT, gancxadeba mii-Reba miuxedavad imisa, dadga Tu ara moTxovnis vada. amasTan, notariusi valdebulia,mamkvidreblis kreditoris pretenziebis Sesaxeb acnobos pirebs, romlebsac sanota-ro biuroSi wardgenili aqvT gancxadeba samkvidros miRebis Sesaxeb (`sanotaro moq-medebaTa Sesrulebis wesis Sesaxeb~ saqarTvelos iusticiis ministris 2010 wlis 31martis #71 brZanebiT damtkicebuli instruqciis 79-e muxli).2

erT-erT saqmeze eleqtroenergiis davalianebis anazRaurebis moTxovna orive instan-ciam uaryo xandazmulobis samwliani vadis gasvlisa (ssk-is 128-e, 129.1, 130-e muxlebi)da, agreTve, im safuZvliT, rom valis restruqturizaciis garigeba (ssk-is 341-e mux-li) xandazmulobis gasvlis Semdeg iyo miRweuli. sakasacio palatam daadgina sssk-is105-e muxlis darRveva mocemul saqmeze, vinaidan gamosakvlevi iyo valis restruqtu-rizaciis garigebis iuridiuli mniSvneloba ssk-is 341-e da 144-e muxlebis wanamZRvreb-Tan mimarTebiT.3

2 saqme #as-171-160-2017.3 saqme #as-791-740-2017.


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mniSvnelovania aRiniSnos dava, romelic Seexeboda periodulad Sesasrulebeli val-debulebis moTxovnis xandazmulobis vadis aTvlas. sakasacio sasamarTlom miiCnia, romqvemdgomma sasamarTlom, marTalia, sworad gamoiyena ssk-is 129.2, 130-e, 139-e, 140-e mux-lebi, Tumca, arasworad gamoTvala moTxovnis xandazmulobis vada.4

am saqmeze dasturdeboda, rom msesxebels bankisaTvis kreditis dabruneba ara erTdro-ulad, aramed nawil-nawil, winaswar SeTanxmebuli grafikis mixedviT evaleboda (ssk-is 873-e muxli), Sesabamisad, moTxovnis xandazmulobis vadis gamoTvla perioduladSesasrulebeli valdebulebebisaTvis dadgenili wesis mixedviT unda ganxorcielebu-liyo.5 miTiTebul saqmeze ki, gamokvleuli da Sefasebuli ar iyo mosarCelis moTxovnafuladi valdebulebis Sesrulebis nawilSi, rogorc ZiriTadi sakredito davaliane-bis, sargeblis, moTxovnili pirgasamtexlos dakisrebisa da gadasaxdeli Tanxis ode-nobis nawilSi.6

saqmeze, romelic Seexeboda nasyidobis xelSekrulebidan gamomdinare Tanxis dakisre-bas, sakasacio sasamarTlom ar gaiziara saapelacio sasamarTlos daskvna saxelSekru-lebo urTierTobidan gamomdinare davalianebisa da valdebulebis Sesrulebis vadisgadacilebiT miyenebuli zianis anazRaurebis moTxovnis xandazmulobis Taobaze. pa-latam miiCnia, rom saapelacio sasamarTlom arasworad ganmarta ssk-is 130-e muxli. ker-Zod, im pirobebSi, rodesac dadgenili iyo, rom saapelacio sasamarTlos 2014 wlis9 ivnisis gadawyvetilebiT baTilad iqna cnobili mxareTa Soris gaformebuli uZ-ravi qonebis nasyidobis xelSekruleba da gauqmda mosarCelis (kreditoris) sakuT-rebis ufleba uzrunvelyofis saganze, sakasacio sasamarTlom aRniSna, rom gansa-xilvel davaSi miwodebis xelSekrulebidan gamomdinare xandazmulobis vadis de-nis sakiTxi ukavSirdeboda swored zemoaRniSnuli nasyidobis xelSekrulebis ba-Tilad cnobis moTxovniT aRZruli davis Sedegs, vinaidan miwodebis xelSekrule-bidan gamomdinare moTxovnis uflebis darRveva, mosarCelisTvis (kreditorisTvis)cnobili gaxda swored am droidan. vinaidan mosarCelem miwodebis xelSekrulebidangamomdinare moTxovna daikmayofila movalis qonebis xarjze (ipoTekis sagniT), am mo-cemulobaSi mas miwodebis xelSekrulebidan gamomdinare, Tanxis moTxovnis arc faq-tobrivi da arc samarTlebrivi safuZveli ar hqonda, xolo mas Semdeg, rac gabaTildakreditoris sakuTrebis ufleba uzrunvelyofis saganze, mosarCeles warmoeSva mova-lisTvis sesxis dabrunebis moTxovnis ufleba.7

pirTa simravle valdebulebaSi (solidaruli movaleebi)

solidaruli valdebulebis arsebobisas ramdenime pirs ekisreba valdebulebis Ses-ruleba. aseTi viTareba friad xelsayrelia kreditorisaTvis, radganac mas SeuZlianebismieri movalisgan moiTxovos Sesruleba da maTgan amoirCios swored is, romelicyvelaze gadaxdisunariani iqneba. erT-erT saqmeze saqarTvelos samoqalaqo saproce-so kodeqsis, SemdegSi sssk-is 385-e muxlis farglebSi sakasacio sasamarTlo ar dae-Tanxma saapelacio palatis msjelobas, rom amxanagobis wevrTa urTierTmoTxovnebiskanoniereba unda Sefasebuliyo yvela wevris monawileobis pirobebSi. mocemul saqme-ze davis sagans warmoadgenda amxanagobis im wevrisaTvis qiris Tanxis dakisreba, ro-melmac mosarCelis mier qonebis amxanagobaSi Setanis sanacvlod, mSeneblobis dasru-lebamde qiris gadaxda ikisra Sesatanis saxiT. saapelacio sasamarTlos xsenebuli da-

4 saqme #as-1543-1463-2017.5 Sdr: saqme #as-868-830-2014, romelSic ganimarta, rom „im valdebulebaTa mimarT

xandazmulobis vadis aTvlasTan dakavSirebiT, romlebic garkveuli periodulobiTsruldeba, rac imaSi mdgomareobs, rom xsenebuli vada aiTvleba yoveli perioduladSesasrulebeli valdebulebisaTvis damoukideblad~.

6 saqme #as-902-2018.7 saqme #as-158-154-2016.


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sabuTeba sakasacio palatam uaryo solidaruli valdebulebis iuridiuli Tavisebu-rebiT, Tanaxmad ssk-is 463-e-465-e muxlebisa. sakasacio palatis daskvniT, am msjelo-bas ar abaTilebda ssk-is 937-e muxlis pirveli nawilis danawesi amxanagobis wevrTa ur-TierTpasuxismgeblobis monawileTa wilebis Sesabamisad SezRudvis Taobaze. am Sem-TxvevaSi, sakasacio sasamarTlom miiCnia, rom saapelacio palatisagan gansxvavebiT, pir-veli instanciis sasamarTlom sworad ganixila dava im solidaruli movalis mimarT,romelsac pretenzias uyenebda mosarCele da amavdroulad warmoadgenda solidarulmovales.8

valdebulebis Sewyveta urTierTmoTxovnaTa gaqviTvis gziT

gaqviTvis uflebis ganmaxorcielebel pirs es ufleba aniWebs SesaZleblobas sarCeli-sa da iZulebiTi aRsrulebis gareSe nawilobriv an srulad daikmayofilos Tavisi moT-xovna.

erT-erT saqmeSi, romelSic mosarCele ZiriTadi sarCeliT nardobis saxelSekrulebourTierTobis farglebSi arsebuli davalianebisa da pirgasamtexlos dakisrebas mo-iTxovda, xolo mopasuxe _ Segebebuli sarCeliT urTierTmoTxovnaTa gaqviTvas, oriinstanciiT nawilobriv dakmayofilebul sarCelze, sakasacio palatam iuridiuli Se-degi Secvala. sakasacio palatam miiCnia, rom saapelacio sasamarTlos daskvna ewina-aRmdegeboda ssk-is 420-e, 442-e da momdevno normebis mizansa da Sinaarss. sakasaciopalatam ganmarta rogorc pirgasamtexlos samarTlebrivi buneba, ise urTierTmoT-xovnaTa gaqviTvis winapirobebi. am ukanasknelis SemTxvevaSi, miuTiTa, rom gaqviTvapiris materialur-samarTlebrivad aRmWurveli uflebaa da am uflebis realizaciaserT-erTi mxare meore mxarisaTvis SetyobinebiT axdens. Sesabamisad, mxares am ufle-bis gansaxorcieleblad ar sWirdeba sasamarTlosaTvis damoukidebeli sarCeliT mi-marTva an dawyebul procesSi Segebebuli sarCelis aRZvra da zedmeti sasamarTlo xar-jebis gaweva. procesualur-samarTlebrivi TvalsazrisiT, mas SeuZlia, waradginosmoTxovnis momspobi (Semwyveti) Sesagebeli.9

sanivTo moTxovnis uflebebi (mesakuTrisa da mflobelisuflebebis dacva, moTxovnis uzrunvelyofis sanivTo saSualebebi)

sazogadoebrivi urTierTobebis samoqalaqo-samarTlebrivi regulirebis procesSi mi-si monawileebis aRWurva gansazRvruli subieqturi uflebebiTa da movaleobebiT, ga-napirobeben SemdgomSi maT qcevas arsebuli samarTlebrivi urTierTobis farglebSi.

subieqturi ufleba gulisxmobs uflebamosili piris SesaZlo qcevis samarTlebrivaduzrunvelyofil saSualebas, xolo subieqturi valdebuleba _ valdebuli piris sa-marTlebrivad ganpirobebuli aucilebeli qcevaa konkretuli samoqalaqo-samarTleb-rivi urTierTobis farglebSi.

uflebamosili piris interesebis dakmayofileba, rogorc wesi, sanivTo an valdebu-lebiTi samarTalurTierTobis meSveobiT xdeba.

sanivTo (qonebriv) samarTalurTierTobebSi uflebamosili piris interesebis dakma-yofilebas adgili aqvs nivTis sasargeblo Tvisebebis xarjze am nivTze uSualo zemoq-medebis gziT. valdebulebiTi samarTalurTierTobebis dros ki piris interesebis dak-mayofileba valdebuli piris gansazRvruli moqmedebebis xarjze mimdinareobs. aseTiklasifikaciis praqtikuli arsi sanivTo da valdebulebiTi samarTlebrivi urTier-

8 saqme #as-777-744-2016.9 saqme #as-708-678-2016.


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Tobebis monawile pirTa qcevis sxvadasxva samarTlebriv reglamentaciaSia.

sakuTrebis uflebidan gamomdinare, erT-erT davaze10 ori instanciiT uaryofili sar-Celi daakmayofila sakasacio palatam. amgvari iuridiuli Sedegi ganapiroba sadavonivTze mflobelobis sakiTxis ganusazRvrelobam _ mflobelobis institutis sa-marTlebrivi bunebis daudgenlobam (ssk-is 162-e muxli). vindikaciur sarCelze (ssk-is 170-e muxlis da 172-e muxlis pirveli nawili), ori instanciiT dakmayofilebuli iu-ridiuli Sedegi sakasacio palatam sarCelis uaryofiT Secvala, vinaidan miiCnia, rommosarCele sadavo uZravi nivTis mesakuTred ar iyo registrirebuli sajaro reestrSi(ssk-is 312-e da 170-e muxlebi), rac ssk-is 172-e muxliT miniWebul moTxovnis uflebasmas ar warmouSobda.11

davaze, romelic mopasuxis ukanono mflobelobidan uZravi nivTis vindicirebas See-xeboda, sakasacio sasamarTlom daadgina, rom mflobelis sakasacio pretenzia dasabu-Tebuli iyo saqmis masalebis arasruli kvlevisa (sssk-is 105-e muxli) da davis gadaw-yvetisaTvis mniSvnelobis mqone garemoebebis arasworad dadgenis TvalsazrisiT. sa-kasacio palatis daskvniT, Sefasebas saWiroebda is udavo faqti, rom mosarCeles sada-vo qonebaze ufleba gadaeca administraciuli aqtis safuZvelze, xolo Tavad uZraviqoneba, mravalbiniani korpusi, sajaro reestris amonaweris Tanaxmad, binis mesakuT-reTa saerTo sakuTreba iyo da amxanagobis wevrs warmoadgenda mopasuxe, rac qmnidassk-is 172-e muxlis Semadgenlobas. sakasacio sasamarTlom ganmarta, rom uZrav nivTzesakuTrebis uflebis damadasturebel mtkicebulebas, sssk-is 102-e muxlis me-3 nawi-lis Tanaxmad, warmoadgens sajaro reestris amonaweri, ramdenadac, uZrav nivTze arcpirdapiri da arc arapirdapiri mflobeloba mesakuTred yofnis prezumfcias ar qmnis(ssk-is 158.2, 311.1 da 312-e muxlebi). im udavo garemoebis gaTvaliswinebiT, rom qoneba-ze mosarCelis sakuTrebis ufleba registrirebuli ar iyo, misi mesakuTred miCneva sa-marTlebrivad iyo SeuZlebeli, rac, Tavis mxriv, gamoricxavda sasarCelo moTxovnissamarTlebriv safuZvlad ssk-is 170-e da 172-e muxlebis gamoyenebas, radganac am nor-maTa safuZvelze, ukanono mflobelobidan nivTis gamoTxova mxolod mesakuTrem SeiZ-leba moiTxovos. mosarCeles posesoruli (mflobelobidan gamomdinare) moTxovna ga-aCnda mopasuxis mimarT, radganac igi nivTis flobis uflebis damdgen dokumentebzeiyo damyarebuli, Sesabamisad, moTxovnis damfuZnebeli normebic mflobelobis sakiT-xis maregulirebel danawesebSi unda moZiebuliyo. palatam miuTiTa sasamarTlo praq-tikiT damkvidrebul ganmartebaze keTilsindisieri da marTlzomieri mflobelis in-stitutebTan mimarTebiT (ssk-is 59-e, 162-e, 163-e, 164-e muxlebi) da aRniSna, rom, gardamoTxovnis samarTlebrivi safuZvlis arasworad gansazRvrisa, saapelacio palatam im-gvarad miiCnia mosarCelis posesoruli ufleba upiratesad, rom ar gamoukvlevia mo-pasuxis Sedavebis safuZvlianoba. qonebis arapirdapiri mflobeli, sakuTar uflebrivkavSirs nivTTan amyarebda administraciul aqtze, romelic, sakasacio sasamarTlosSefasebiT, SesaZloa, piris marTlzomier (arapirdapir) mflobelad miCnevas ganapiro-bebdes, ramdenadac am aqtis gamocemis dros moqmedi, rogorc ssr-is samoqalaqo sa-marTlis, ise _ ssr-is sabinao kodeqsi piris individualur sakuTrebas uZrav qonebazear aRiarebda (sssr-is sabinao kodeqsis 57-e muxlis pirveli abzaci). uflebadamdgeniadministraciuli aqtis gauqmebis damadasturebeli raime mtkicebuleba saqmeSi ar mo-ipoveboda, Tumca, Sesagebelze darTuli sajaro reestris amonaweris Tanaxmad, TviT-mmarTveli q.Tbilisis meriis arqiteqturis samsaxuris administraciuli aqtebis sa-fuZvelze, korpusi, sadac sadavo bina mdebareobda saxelmwifom gankarga da igi binismesakuTreTa saerTo sakuTrebas warmoadgenda, Sesabamisad, unda Sefasebuliyo niv-Tis pirdapiri mflobelis pretenziebi qonebis flobis marTlzomierebis Tvalsazri-siT. sakasacio palatis daskvniT, saapelacio sasamarTlos, mtkicebulebaTa erTobli-vad SefasebiT, ar gamoukvlevia modave mxareTa mflobelobis damadasturebeli mtki-cebulebebis upiratesobis sakiTxi, aramed Semoifargla mxolod mopasuxis warmomad-

10 saqme #as-211-196-2014.11 saqme #as-1099-1019-2017.


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genlis mier sxdomaze micemuli ganmartebis analiziT, rom qoneba im pirTa sakuTrebaswarmoadgens, vinc Tavdapirvelad TviTneburad daeufla mas. am mxriv, gasaCivrebuliganCineba ar Seicavda samarTlebriv analizs _ mxaris zogadi ganmarteba iZleoda Tuara saqmeSi warmodgenili werilobiTi mtkicebulebebis uaryofis SesaZleblobas. gar-da aRniSnulisa, gasaCivrebuli ganCineba ar iZleoda pasuxs kiTxvaze _ SesaZlebeli iyoTu ara, dakmayofilebuliyo mopasuxis mflobelobidan nivTis gamoTxovisa da xelSeS-lis aRkveTis Sesaxeb sarCeli im pirobebSi, rodesac yofili mesakuTris mier (saxel-mwifo) am qonebis gankargva (sajaro reestris monacemebi) sarCeliT Sedavebuli ar yo-fila.12

mniSvnelovania, aRiniSnos dava, sadac uZravi nivTis mflobeli nivTis gaumjobesebazegaweuli xarjis anazRaurebas moiTxovda mesakuTrisagan, xolo mesakuTre am nivTis mo-pasuxis ukanono mflobelobidan gamoTxovas moiTxovda. pirveli da saapelacio instan-ciis sasamarTloebis mier srulad dakmayofilda mxareTa moTxovnebi. sakasacio pala-tam saqmis arsebiTad ganxilvis Sedegad daadgina, rom qvemdgomi instanciis sasamar-Tloebma samarTlebrivad arasworad Seafases mxareTa Soris arsebuli urTierTobe-bi, arasworad gansazRvres mtkicebis sagani da arasworadve gaanawiles mtkicebis tvir-Ti mxareTa Soris. sakasacio palatam ganmarta, rom mflobelis moTxovnis samar-Tlebriv safuZvels ara ssk-is 987-e, aramed amave kodeqsis 163-e muxli warmoadgen-da da sarCelis warmatebisaTvis unda dadgeniliyo ssk-is 163-e muxlis me-2 nawi-liT gaTvaliswinebuli samarTlebrivi Sedegis ganmapirobebeli faqtobrivi gare-moebebi: mflobelis mxridan sadavo uZrav qonebaze gaumjobesebebisa da xarjebis ga-wevis faqti; sargebeli (nayofi), rac mflobelma miiRo nivTis flobis Sedegad, mesa-kuTris mier nivTis ukan dabrunebis moTxovnis wardgenis Semdeg. mflobelis mier ga-weuli xarji xom ar gaiqviTeboda (kompensirdeboda) nivTis sargeblobidan miRebulinayofiT. im SemTxvevaSi, Tu dadgindeboda, rom gaweuli xarjebi aRemateboda uZraviqonebiT sargeblobidan miRebul nayofs, maSin es ukanaskneli unda gamokleboda gawe-ul xarjebs da miRebuli sxvaobis anazRaureba mesakuTres daekisreboda. amasTan, qvem-dgomi instanciis sasamarTlos unda gaeTvaliswinebina, ssk-is 163-e muxlis mesame na-wilis Sesabamisad, mflobelis kanonismieri ufleba _ xarjebis anazRaurebamde uariganecxadebina nivTis mesakuTrisTvis dabrunebaze. im SemTxvevaSi, Tuki nivTiT sargeb-lobis nayofi toli iqneboda an aRemateboda ZiriTadi mosarCelis mier gaweul xar-jebs, mesakuTris sarCeli unda dakmayofilebuliyo, xolo mflobelis moTxovna _ uar-yofiliyo.13

saqmeze, romelic mopasuxis ukanono mflobelobidan nivTis gamoTxovas Seexebo-da, sakasacio sasamarTlom sssk-is 105-e muxlis darRveva daadgina. pirveli da saape-lacio instanciis sasamarTloebis mxridan ise dakmayofilda sarCeli, rom ar Semowme-bula mopasuxis Sedavebis arsebiToba, romelic acxadebda, rom warmoadgenda nivTismarTlzomier mflobels. sakasacio palatam ganmarta, rom ssk-is 170-e da 172-e mux-lebiT gaTvaliswinebul mesakuTris vindikaciur moTxovnas aferxebda amave ko-deqsis 162-e muxliT gaTvaliswinebuli Sesagebeli, Sesabamisad, saqme xelaxla gan-saxilvelad daubrunda imave sasamarTlos Sedavebis safuZvlianobis Sesamowmeb-lad.14

moTxovnis daTmoba (cesia)

moTxovnis daTmobisas moTxovna erTi kreditoridan (cedenti) xelSekrulebis an ka-nonis safuZvelze meore kreditorze (cesioneri) gadadis.

moTxovnis damfuZnebeli normisa, da Sesabamisad, mtkicebis sagnis arasworad gansaz-

12 saqme #as-1105-1062-2016.13 saqme #as-1042-962-2017.14 saqme #as-686-686-2018.


15

Rvris motiviT sakasacio palatam saapelacio sasamarTlos xelaxla gansaxilvelad da-ubruna saqme im miTiTebiT, rom sasamarTlo ar iyo SezRuduli, Sesabamisi faqtobriviwinapirobebis dadasturebis SemTxvevaSi, sarCelis safuZvlianoba Seemowmebina, maT So-ris im samarTlebrivi safuZvliT, romelzec mxare ar apelirebda. mocemul saqmeSi mo-sarCele davobda imaze, rom man Seasrula sxva piris valdebuleba, xolo sanacvlo Ses-rulebis moTxovnisas aRmasruleblisa da realuri movalis marTlsawinaaRmdego qme-debis Sedegad valdebuli piri aRmoCnda qonebis armqone, ris Sedegadac mas adgebodaziani. rogorc pirveli instanciis, ise saapelacio sasamarTlos mxridan sarCelis uar-yofis safuZvlad miTiTebul iqna is garemoeba, rom movalis kreditoris mxridan mo-sarCelisaTvis zianis miyenebis faqti ver daamtkica mosarCelem. sakasacio sasamarTlosmiTiTebiT ki, sarCelSi gadmocemuli faqtobrivi mocemulobis gaTvaliswinebiT, sa-samarTlos unda daedgina valis gastumrebiT mosarCelem xom ar daikava kreditorisadgili da xom ar Caenacvla mas moTxovnaSi? sakasacio sasamarTlos ganmartebiT, sa-marTliani sasamarTlos koncefciis umTavres princips warmoadgens ara mxolod mar-Tlmsajulebis miukerZoeblad ganxorcieleba, aramed am procesSi sadavo garemoeba-Ta yovelmxrivi, sruli da obieqturi ganxilva (sssk-is 105-e muxli), romlis fargleb-Sic, sasamarTlom upirvelesad, pasuxi unda gasces mTavar kiTxvebs: vin? visgan? ras?ris safuZvelze iTxovs? dasaxuli miznis misaRwevad unda Sefasdes maT Soris mxareTaaxsna-ganmartebebi, romelic, procesualur-samarTlebrivi TvalsazrisiT, mtkicebu-lebas warmoadgens (sssk-is 102.2 muxli). palatam miuTiTa saqmeSi warmodgenil mtkice-bulebebze da aRniSna, rom qvemdgom sasamarTlos unda daedgina, ra safuZvliT Seas-rula mosarCelem movalis valdebuleba da ra samarTlebrivi urTierToba iyo saxeze.mesame piris mxridan valdebulebis Sesruleba SesaZloa, materialur-samarTlebrivuflebamonacvleobaze miuTiTebdes. am mxriv ki, gamosakvlevi iyo, arsebobda sasyid-liani cesia (ssk-is 198-e (1), 199-e muxlebi) Tu kreditorsa da mesame pirs Soris dade-buli iyo valis gadakisrebis xelSekruleba (ssk-is 203-e (1) muxli).15

kompensaciis gansazRvris sakiTxi eqspropriaciis dros

qonebis eqspropriaciidan gamomdinare kompensaciis dakisrebis Sesaxeb davaze sakasa-cio sasamarTlom miiCnia, rom uZravi qonebis sabazro Rirebulebis gansazRvrisas saa-pelacio sasamarTlom arasworad Seafasa mosarCelisa da mopasuxis mier wardgenilieqspertizis daskvnebi da upiratesoba mianiWa mosarCelis mier wardgenil daskvnas ma-Sin, rodesac aRniSnuli daskvna ar Seicavda faqtebiT gamyarebul argumentacias. Se-sabamisad, mosarCelis mier wardgenili eqspertis daskvniT sarwmunod ar dasturde-boda eqsproprirebuli uZravi qonebis realuri sabazro Rirebuleba. sakasacio pala-tis mosazrebiT, saapelacio sasamarTlom aseve arasworad Seafasa mopasuxis axsna-gan-marteba sadavo uZravi qonebis fasis gaZvirebis gamomwvev mizezebTan dakavSirebiT dagamoiyena igi mopasuxis sawinaaRmdego garemoebis damadasturebel mtkicebulebad. amviTarebaSi sakasacio palatam miiCnia, rom moklebulia SesaZleblobas imsjelos sar-Celis safuZvlianobaze, radgan ar aris dadgenili CamorTmeuli qonebis realuri sa-bazro Rirebuleba, xolo saapelacio sasamarTlos, sadavo samarTalurTierTobis gan-sakuTrebuli xasiaTidan gamomdinare, ar usargeblia specialuri kanonis me-9 muxliTsasamarTlosaTvis miniWebuli uflebamosilebiT qonebis Sefasebis mizniT damoukide-beli eqspertis daniSvnis Taobaze.16

saxelSekrulebo davebi

xelSekruleba valdebulebis warmoSobis yvelaze gavrcelebuli safuZvelia, romelic,upirveles yovlisa, samoqalaqo urTierTobis monawileTa nebis Tavisufali gamovle-

15 saqme #as-921-861-2017.16 saqme #as-388-361-2017.


16

nis Sedegia, mxareTa avtonomiurobis principis gamoxatulebaa, romlis ZaliTac mxa-reebi kisruloben valdebulebas, Seasrulon an ar Seasrulon esa Tu is moqmedeba. misiarsi imaSi mdgomareobs, rom yoveli piri Tavisufalia visTanac unda imasTan SevidesgacvliT urTierTobebSi da gansazRvros am urTierTobis Sinaarsi. amasTan, mxareTa`nebis avtonomia~ ar aTavisuflebs monawileebs valdebulebebisagan, gaiTvaliswinonerTurTis dasacavi interesebi.

nasyidoba

SemZenis mier sawvavis fasis anazRaurebis davaze, sakasacio palatam ar gaiziara pirve-li da saapelacio instanciis sasamarTloebis daskvna sarCelis uaryofis Taobaze, sa-kasacio sasamarTlom ganmarta, rom moTxovnis damfuZnebel normas ssk-is 477-e mux-lis me-2 nawili warmoadgenda, amasTanave, vinaidan nasyidobis sagani iyo sawvavi,moZravi nivTis SeZenis wesebidan gamomdinare (ssk-is 186-e muxli), zepirad dade-buli garigebis mtkiceba daiSveboda sssk-is 102-e muxlis me-2 nawiliT gaTvalis-winebuli nebismieri mtkicebulebiT, maT Soris _ sagadasaxado miznebisaTvis sa-jaro samarTlis kanonmdeblobiT gaTvaliswinebuli specialuri angariSfaqturissaSualebiT, romelic dadasturebuli iyo mopasuxis mier, misi Sevseba-dadasturebi-saTvis gaTvaliswinebuli wesebidan gamomdinare, saqmeSi arsebul sxva mtkicebulebeb-Tan erTad adasturebda xelSekrulebis dadebas, rac iuridiulad gamarTlebuls xdi-da gamyidvelis moTxovnas.17

nasyidobis xelSekrulebidan gamomdinare Tanxis dakisrebis (sarCelSi), xelSekrule-bidan gasvlisa da pirvandeli mdgomareobis aRdgenis (Segebebul sarCelSi) davaze sa-kasacio sasamarTlom miiCnia, rom saapelacio sasamarTlom sadavo faqtobrivi gare-moeba (gamyidvelis Segnebul dumilTan dakavSirebiT) daadgina im pirobebSi, rodesacar arsebobda am faqtis damadasturebeli saTanado mtkicebulebebi, ris gamoc aras-worad ganmarta materialuri normebi _ ssk-is 495-e muxli.18

nasyidobis xelSekrulebidan gamomdinare moTxovnaze sakasacio sasamarTlom saape-lacio sasamarTlos gadawyvetileba, sarCelis dakmayofilebis Taobaze, gaauqma damsgavsad pirveli instanciis sasamarTlos gadawyvetilebisa, axali gadawyvetilebiT,sarCeli ar daakmayofila, sakasacio sasamarTlom sruliad gaiziara pirveli instan-ciis sasamarTlos msjeloba da daskvna, rom mosarCelem saTanado mtkicebulebebiTver SeZlo sakuTari moTxovnis safuZvlianobis damtkiceba. am gadawyvetilebiT saka-sacio palatam daadgina, rom mxareTa Soris ssk-is 477-e muxliT gaTvaliswinebulisamarTlebrivi urTierTobis arseboba ar dgindeboda, radganac gamyidvels myid-velisaTvis saqoneli ar gadaucia, Sesabamisad, am ukanasknels ararsebuli valde-bulebis ZaliT ver warmoeSoboda safasuris gadaxdis valdebuleba.19

saqmeze, romelic nasyidobis samarTlebrivi urTierTobidan gamomdinareobda da oriinstanciis sasamarTlos mier nawilobriv iqna dakmayofilebuli sarCeli, sakasacio pa-latam axali gadawyvetilebiT srulad uaryo moTxovna. mosarCele nasyidobis xelSek-rulebidan gamomdinare amtkicebda, rom mopasuxes (myidvels) xelSekrulebis pirobe-bis dacviT miawoda garkveuli Rirebulebis produqcia, saidanac myidvelma mxolodnawili aanazRaura, xolo mopasuxe kvalificiuri SedavebiT miuTiTebda, rom gamyid-velis mier miwodebuli produqcia nivTobrivi naklis mqone iyo, ris gamoc nasyidobissafasuris darCenili nawilis anazRaurebis valdebuleba mas ar gaaCnda, miT ufro impirobebSi, rodesac man gamyidvels nakliani produqciis axliT Secvla mosTxova, ra-sac am ukanasknelis mxridan reagireba ar mohyolia. sakasacio palatam ar gaiziara qvem-



17

dgomi instanciis sasamarTloebis msjeloba, rom mopasuxe valdebuli iyo, mosarCeli-sagan moeTxova nasyidobis safasuris Semcireba. palatam ganmarta, rom kanonidan ga-momdinare, naklis gamovlenis SemTxvevaSi, myidvels SeuZlia, moiTxovos damatebiTi Ses-ruleba ssk-is 490-e muxlis pirveli nawilis safuZvelze. damatebiTi Sesrulebis moT-xovna upiratesia sxva moTxovnis uflebebTan mimarTebiT (igulisxmeboda ssk-is 477-e da492-e muxlebi _ fasis Semcireba, ssk-is 477-e, 487-e, 491-e, 405.1 da 352.1 muxlebi _ xel-Sekrulebidan gasvla, 477-e, 494.1, 394.1 da 408.1 muxlebi _ zianis anazRaureba). radga-nac, am konkretul SemTxvevaSi, myidvelma gamyidvels Sesrulebulis axliT Secvla mos-Txova, ssk-is 492-e muxliT gaTvaliswinebuli nasyidobis safasuris Semcirebis moT-xovnis uflebas igi ver gamoiyenebda.20

xelSekrulebidan gasvlis uflebis gamoyenebis marTlzomiereba (ssk-is 405-e da 352-emuxlebi) sakasacio palatam Seafasa xelSekrulebis dadebis ganmapirobebeli arsebi-Ti faqtoris (ssk-is 327-e muxli) daculobis kuTxiT; vinaidan ramdenime mosarCele moT-xovnas afuZnebda miwodebuli produqciis uxarisxobaze, xolo mtkicebuleba (labo-ratoriuli kvleva) mxolod erT-erTi saxeobis produqtis nawilSi adasturebda Se-Tanxmebulisagan gansxvavebuli produqciis miwodebis faqts, xelSekrulebidan gasvlisufleba mxolod im mosarCelis mimarT iqna warmoSobilad miCneuli, romelmac produq-ciis swored es nawili Seisyida da ara sxvaTa mimarT. sagulisxmoa, rom xelSekrulebi-dan gasvlis moTxovna orive instanciis sasamarTlom daakmayofila.21

ijara

saijaro qiris dakisrebis Sesaxeb sarCeli22 sakasacio palatam nawilobriv daakmayofi-la, maSin, rodesac saapelacio instanciaSi saijaro qiris moTxovna srulad iyo dakma-yofilebuli, xolo pirvel instanciaSi _ srulad uaryofili. sakasacio palatis gan-sxvavebuli samarTlebrivi Sedegi miRebulia saijaro valdebulebis Sewyvetis ufle-bis keTilsindisierebis standartis (ssk-is 8.3 da 115-e muxlebi) farglebSi ganmarte-bis safuZvelze; vinaidan moijaris gansazRvruli saxelSekrulebo interesi mei-jaris mier uaryofili iyo, am droidan gonivrul vadaSi SeeZlo meijares, moeSalaijaris xelSekruleba da, maSasadame, swored drois am monakveTSi warmoiSobodaijaris qiris gadaxdis valdebuleba (ssk-is 581-e muxlis pirveli nawili da 588-emuxlis pirveli nawili).

sxva davaze saapelacio sasamarTlos kvalifikacia ijaris xelSekrulebis Sewyvetis(moSlis) ssk-is 357-e muxlis winapirobebis ararsebobis Taobaze, umarTebulod miiC-nia, radgan Semowmebuli ar iyo ijaris xelSekrulebis moSlis (Sewyveta) warmomSobi(damfuZnebeli) winapirobebi (ssk-is 581-e, 558-e, 561-e muxlebiT gaTvaliswinebuli sa-marTlebrivi wanamZRvrebi), agreTve, moTxovnis Semwyveti, normebi (ssk-is 427-e muxle-bi da a. S).23

sesxi

saqmeze, sadac sesxis dabrunebis moTxovniT aRZruli sarCeli pirveli instanciis sa-samarTlom uaryo, saapelacio palatam ki, axali gadawyvetilebiT sarCeli nawilobrivdaakmayofila, sakasacio palata daeTanxma pirveli instanciis sasamarTlos Sefase-bebsa da daskvnebs da ganmarta, rom, ssk-is 623-e muxlidan gamomdinare moTxovnaze mtki-cebis tvirTis mqone mosarCelem gasagebad da damajereblad ver SeZlo sadavo faqtob-

20 saqme #as-940-2018.21 saqme #as-38-38-2018.22 saqme #as-862-828-2016.23 saqme #as-360-360-2018.


18

rivi garemoebis damtkiceba. martooden, sesxis Sesaxeb SeTanxmeba (arsebiT pirobebzeSeTanxmeba) xelSekrulebis sagnis gadacemis gareSe, ar niSnavda sesxis xelSekrulebisdadebas. radganac sesxis xelSekrulebis namdvilobisa da iuridiuli Zalis aucilebe-li pirobaa fulis an sxva gvarovnuli nivTis msesxeblisTvis realurad (fizikurad)gadacema, sadavoobis SemTxvevaSi, mxarem unda amtkicos ara mxolod sesxze SeTanxme-bis arseboba, aramed sesxis sagnis realurad gadacemis Sesaxeb faqtobrivi garemoe-bac.24

sesxidan gamomdinare moTxovnis Sesaxeb davaze, romelic saapelacio palatam xelaxlaganixila sakasacio sasamarTlos miTiTebaTa farglebSi, sakasacio sasamarTlom Sec-vala gadawyvetilebis iuridiuli Sedegi da ganmarta, rom gamsesxebelma, romelic sa-warmoa, standatuli pirobebiT gaaforma xelSekruleba fizikur pirTan (msesxebel-Tan), xolo sadavo xelSekrulebis me-3 muxlis saapelacio sasamarTloseuli inter-pretacia ar gamomdinareobda ssk-is 344-345-e muxlebidan.25

saxelSekrulebo urTierTobidan warmoSobil moTxovnebze miRebuli gadawyvetile-biT, qvemdgomi instanciis sasamarTlos gadawyvetilebis Secvla materialuri normisarasworma ganmartebam ganapiroba: sakasacio sasamarTlos daskvniT, miuxedavad kano-niT dadgenili formis ararsebobisa, am konkretul SemTxvevaSi, xelSekruleba samar-Tlebriv Sedegs mxolod formis dacvas ukavSirebda, Sesabamisad, masSi cvlilebebicda damatebebic samarTlebriv Sedegs, am formis dacvis SemTxvevaSi warmoSobda.26

saproceso samarTlis normaTa darRvevad Sefasda sesxis xelSekrulebidan gamomdina-re valdebulebis moculobis gansazRvra saqmeze, sadac ori instanciis sasamarTlommiiCnia, rom valdebuleba Semoifargleboda 293 aSS dolariT, Tumca kreditors pre-tenzia hqonda 293,000 aSS dolarze; imis gaTvaliswinebT, rom sanotaro aqtSi cifrob-rivad da sityvierad aRniSnuli simboloebi iwvevda gansxvavebul Sedegs _ cifrobri-vad sesxis saxiT gadacemul Tanxad miTiTebuli iyo 293, xolo sityvierad _ oras oT-xmocdacxrameti aTasi aSS dolari, saapelacio sasamarTlos unda daedgina, realuradramdeni gadaeca movales sesxad (ssk-is 68-e da 623-e muxlebi).27

sakredito organizaciasa da fizikur pirs Soris dadebuli sesxis xelSekrulebidangamomdinare Tanxis dakisrebis moTxovnaze pirveli instanciis sasamarTlom daakmayo-fila gamsesxeblis sarCeli nawilobriv da msesxebels daakisra sesxis ZiriTadi Tanxi-sa da xelSekrulebis ganmavlobaSi gadasaxdeli procentis anazRaureba, radganac dad-genilad miiCnia, rom kreditorma Tavad gadaacila braleulad Sesrulebis miRebis va-das da mas meoradi moTxovnis wardgenis ufleba aRar hqonda. saapelacio palatam na-wilobriv Secvala ra gasaCivrebuli gadawyvetileba, sarCeli daakmayofila srulad.sakasacio ganxilvis etapze Seicvala ra gasaCivrebuli gadawyvetileba, sakasacio sa-samarTlom daadgina, rom saapelacio palatam arasworad Seafasa kreditoris moqme-debebi da arasworad ar ixelmZRvanela ssk-is 390-e da 393-e muxlebis `g~ qvepunqtiT,Sesabamisad, palatam axali gadawyvetilebiT mxari dauWira pirveli instanciis sasa-marTlos mier dadgenil samarTlebriv Sedegs.28

saqmeSi, romelSic davis sagans sesxis saxiT gadacemuli Tanxis ukan dabruneba warmo-adgenda, sakasacio palatam sarCeli uaryo, maSin, rodesac saapelacio instanciaSi sar-Celi srulad iyo dakmayofilebuli, xolo pirveli instanciis sasamarTloSi ki sru-lad uaryofili. sakasacio palatam miiCnia, rom sadavo Tanxa kasators, rogorc kompa-niis direqtors (warmomadgenels) gadaeca da aqedan gamomdinare is, rogorc fizikuri

24 saqme #as-398-371-2017.25 saqme #as-712-682-2016.26 saqme #as-109-105-2016.27 saqme #as-819-767-2017.28 saqme #as-1071-991-2017.


19

piri, pasuxs ar agebda mosarCelis winaSe. sakasacio palatam sssk-is 102-e muxlis me-3nawilze miTiTebiT aRniSna, rom saqmeSi ar moipoveboda mtkicebuleba, romliTac da-dasturdeboda sesxis xelSekrulebis namdvilobisaTvis aucilebeli elementis arse-boba, saxeldobr, is, rom mopasuxem ikisra valdebuleba, ukan daebrunebina imave saxis,xarisxisa da raodenobis nivTi (ssk-is 623-e muxli).29

nardoba

saxelSekrulebo moTxovnidan gamomdinare davaze sakasacio sasamarTlom cal-calkeSeafasa Suamavlobis, davalebis, nardobisa da erToblivi saqmianobis xelSekrulebe-bis samarTlebrivi buneba, ramac SesaZlebeli gaxada marTebulad dakvalificirebu-liyo mxareTa Soris gaformebuli xelSekruleba. sakasacio sasamarTlom daaskvna, rommxareTa Soris gaformebul xelSekrulebas yvelaze metad nardobis urTierTobisaT-vis damaxasiaTebeli buneba hqonda da momsaxurebis gawevas SemkveTis miTiTebebis far-glebSi moicavda, ramdenadac sadavo urTierTobis elementebi ssk-is 629-e muxlis Se-madgenlobas qmnida. 30

erT-erT saqmeSi, sadac mosarCele (amxanagoba) erToblivi saqmianobis xelSekrulebiswevrebisagan, amxanagobis miznis misaRwevad, damatebiT moiTxovda Sesatanis (Tanxis)dakisrebas, pirveli da meore instanciis sasamarTloebis mier sarCeli uaryofil iqna.sakasacio sasamarTlom miiCnia, rom saapelacio sasamarTlom arasworad Seafasa mo-sarCelesa da mopasuxeebs Soris dadebuli werilobiTi SeTanxmebebi mopasuxeebis sa-erTo saqmianobis samarTlebriv urTierTobad da arasworad gamoiyena ssk-is 930-e damomdevno muxlebi, Sesabamisad, Secvala iuridiuli Sedegi da axali gadawyvetilebiT,sasarCelo moTxovna uaryo. palatis ganmartebiT, am saqmeSi amxanagobasa da mopasuxe-ebs Soris urTierToba warmoadgenda nardobas da, Sesabamisad, sadavo urTierToba undamowesrigebuliyo ssk-is 629-e da momdevno normebiT.31

davaleba

saqmeze, romelic Seexeboda davalebis xelSekrulebis farglebSi marwmuneblis moT-xovnas rwmunebulisaTvis mindobili moqmedebis Sedegad miRebulis dakisrebas, saka-sacio palatam daadgina qvemdgomi sasamarTlos mier sssk-is 105-e muxlis darRveva, ker-Zod, palatis daskvniT, sasamarTlos Sefaseba ar miucia mxareTa ganmartebebisa da saq-meSi warmodgenili kreditoris mier Sesrulebis miRebis damadasturebeli dokumen-tebisaTvis da ar daudgenia, xom ar arsebobda ssk-is 711-e muxliT gaTvaliswinebulidavalebis gadandobis faqti, romelic asaxvas hpovebda pasuxismgeblobis zomaze.32

mibareba

erT-erT saqmeze, sadac davis sagans mibarebis xelSekrulebidan gamomdinare sasyid-lis anazRaureba warmoadgenda, sakasacio sasamarTlom saqme xelaxla gansaxilveladdaubruna saapelacio sasamarTlos im dasabuTebiT, rom arc pirveli instanciis sasa-marTlos da arc saapelacio palatas ar Seufasebia mopasuxis Sedaveba sarCelze pasu-xismgebeli piris gansazRvris Taobaze. sakasacio sasamarTlom daadgina, rom saqmis gan-xilvisas dairRva sssk-is 85-e muxlis moTxovnebi, radganac dadgenili iyo, rom mosar-Celesa da mopasuxes Soris mibarebis xelSekruleba ar dadebula, aramed igi gaaforma

29 saqme #as-683-683-2018.30 saqme #as-304-287-2017.31 saqme #as-866-808-2017.32 saqme #as-1190-1110-2017.


20

gadamzidvelma, romelic tvirTis sazRvao gadazidvis konosamentSi Tavad iyo tvir-TmimRebad registrirebuli, Sesabamisad, mopasuxe ar warmoadgenda SemnaxvelTan sa-xelSekrulebo urTierTobaSi myof pirs da mis mimarT sarCeli iyo usafuZvlo. kasa-tori, rogorc Semnaxveli, ar eTanxmeboda qvemdgomi sasamarTloebis daskvnebs da mi-iCnevda, rom mopasuxe, romelic mibarebuli tvirTis mesakuTre iyo, swored anazRau-rebaze valdebul pirs warmoadgenda. sakasacio sasamarTlos ganmartebiT, mibarebissazRauris anazRaurebis moTxovnis maregulirebel normebs ssk-is 764-e (1) da 775-e mux-lebi warmoadgens. sarCelSi moxmobili xelSekruleba iyo sasyidliani garigeba, rom-lis winaaRmdegac mopasuxis mxridan arsebiTi xasiaTis Sesagebeli iqna wardgenili, sa-dac is apelirebda, rom ar iyo Semnaxvelis moTxovnaze pasuxismgebeli piri. am Tval-sazrisiT man miuTiTa gadamzidvelis mier xelSekrulebis pirobebis darRvevis faq-tze (konosamentis gadaucemloba) da aRniSna, rom mas brali ar miuZRvoda xangrZlividrois ganmavlobaSi nivTis Semnaxvelis sawyobSi ganTavsebaSi. palatam miuTiTa gada-zidvis xelSekrulebis maregulirebel normebze da, vinaidan gadamzidvels tvirTmim-RebisaTvis ar hqonda gadacemuli tvirTis ganmkargavi dokumenti, miiCnia, rom qvem-dgom sasamarTlos unda daedgina mibarebis xelSekrulebaze pasuxismgebeli saTanadomopasuxis vinaoba da emsjela procesSi mis Cabmaze.33

mibarebis sakiTxTan dakavSirebul erT-erT davaze (sarCeliT moTxovnili iyo avtod-romze avtomanqanebis dgomisa da SenaxvisaTvis mopasuxisaTvis safasuris gadaxdis da-kisreba) sakasacio sasamarTlom xelaxla gansaxilvelad daabruna saqme saapelacio sa-samarTloSi im motiviT, rom saapelacio sasamarTlom arasworad ganmarta ssk-is 764-emuxli, ris gamoc sasamarTlom avtodromze avtomanqanebis mibareba arasworad miiCniausasyidlod mibarebad.34

sabanko krediti

saqmeze, romelic bankis mier fizikuri piris angariSidan misi Tanxmobis gareSe TanxisCamowerisa da am Tanxis valis dasafarad mimarTvis kanonierebas ukavSirdeboda, oriinstanciiT dakmayofilebuli sarCeli sakasacio palatam uaryo da miuTiTa, rom mova-lis mxridan xelSekrulebiT im valdebulebis aReba, romelic banks aniWebda Tanxis Ca-moWris uflebamosilebas, winaswari aqceptireba moaxdina msgavsi qmedebis ganxorcie-lebisa. Sesabamisad, banki uflebamosili iyo, msesxeblis valdebulebis dasafarad da-matebiTi nebarTvis gareSe Camoewera Tanxa am ukanasknelis angariSidan. xandazmulo-basTan mimarTebiT, palatam ganmarta, Tu msesxebels ar surs xandazmuli moTxovnisSesruleba, igi bankSi gaxsnil angariSze Tanxas ar Seitans, xolo Tu Seitans, ivaraude-ba, rom nebayoflobiT asrulebs im momentSi bankis winaSe arsebul yvela valdebule-bas da Sesrulebuls ukan veRar daibrunebs (ssk-is 144.2 muxli).35

sabanko garantia

sabanko garantiidan gamomdinare beneficiaris moTxovnaze sakasacio sasamarTlom axa-li gadawyvetileba miiRo. mocemul saqmeze dadgenili iyo, rom garantma 35 000 larzegasca sabanko garantia, romelic principalma gaayalba da nacvlad 35 000 larisa, bene-ficiars warudgina 835 000 larze gacemuli garantia. pirveli da saapelacio instanci-is sasamarTloebma nawilobriv daakmayofiles beneficiaris sarCeli garantis mimarT.sasamarTloebis motivacia emyareboda imas, rom garants 35 000 laris anazRaurebazegamovlenili hqonda neba. sakasacio sasamarTlom ar gaiziara xsenebuli mosazreba daaxali gadawyvetilebiT uaryo sarCeli. gadawyvetilebis Tanaxmad, beneficiaris moT-



21

xovnis damfuZnebel normad, rodesac sabanko garantiiT gaTvaliswinebuli valdebu-lebis Sesruleba warmoadgens davis sagans, ssk-is 879-e muxli gvevlineba. imisaTvis,raTa amomwuravad Sefasdes sadavo valdebulebis warmoSoba, Sefasebas eqvemdebarebaTavad xelSekrulebis dadebis sakiTxi, romelic kreditoris moTxovnis namdvilobasganapirobebs. am TvalsazrisiT, sabanko garantiidan gamomdinare urTierTobaTa mare-gulirebeli specialuri normebi ar Seicavs Sesabamis daTqmebs, ris gamoc, gamoyene-bul unda iqnes saxelSekrulebo samarTlis momwesrigebel im normaTa debulebebi, rom-lebic amave kodeqsis 879-e-890-e muxlebis daTqmebs ar ewinaaRmdegeba. samarTlis Te-oriaSi gabatonebuli mosazrebiT, ssk-is 51-e muxlis Tanaxmad, calmxrivad gamovle-nil nebas samarTlebrivi Sedegebi mohyveba mas Semdeg, rac neba adresats miuva, anu cal-mxrivi garigeba iuridiul Zalmosilebas mas Semdeg SeiZens, rac misi garegani formi-rebis procesi adresatis aRqmis arealSi moqceviT dasruldeba. sisxlis samarTlis saq-mis masalebiT dokumentis gayalbebis faqtis mimarT ar dadginda beneficiaris raimemarTlsawinaaRmdego qmedeba, Tumca beneficiaris keTilsindisiereba mas ver daicav-da. keTilsindisierebiT ar SeiZleba yovelTvis aixsnas samoqalaqo brunvis monawilisinteresi, radganac Tavad keTilsindisiereba kontrahents icavs maSin, rodesac es gaT-valiswinebulia kanoniT (mag: ssk-is 312-e muxli), ramdenadac kanonmdeblis amgvari mid-goma warmoadgens kolidirebul sikeTeTa Soris upiratesi uflebis mqone piris gan-sazRvris instruments da cdilobs, am gziT daicvas yvela im keTilsindisieri pirisinteresebi, romlebic marTlzomierad gankargavdnen sakuTar samoqalaqo uflebebsda gaaCndaT am gankargvis legitimuri Sedegis dadgomis molodini. gansxvavebiT amisa-gan, keTilsindisieri piris interesebis dacva ver gadawonis im piris uflebebs, rome-lic samoqalaqo urTierTobaSi ar Sesula da arc Sesabamisi ufleba-movaleobebi war-moSobia. mocemul SemTxvevaSi, vinaidan garantis mier gamovlenili neba saerTod armisvlia beneficiars, sakasacio palatam sabanko garantia arc 35 000 laris farglebSiar miiCnia iuridiuli Zalis mqoned.36

erT-erTi saqmeSi aRZruli iyo sarCeli sabanko garantiis xelSekrulebis farglebSigadaxdili sagarantio Tanxis dabrunebis moTxovniT. sarCeli orive instanciaSi dak-mayofilda, Tumca sakasacio palatam Secvala iuridiuli Sedegi, radgan miiCnia, romsabanko garantias gaaCnia gansxvavebuli buneba da rogorc wesi, sabanko garantiis far-glebSi principalis moTxovnis dakmayofileba ar aris damokidebuli kreditorsa damovales Soris arsebuli xelSekrulebis darRvevaze, valdebulebis Sesrulebaze daa.S sakasacio palatam ganmarta, rom garantiis gamcemi valdebulia, gadaixados Tanxabeneficiaris pirvelive moTxovnisTanave. sabanko garantiis, rogorc ZiriTadi val-debulebis uzrunvelyofis saSualebis mizania, daicvas beneficiari im riskisagan, ro-melic dakavSirebulia valdebulebis arajerovan an saerTod SeusruleblobasTan. mi-uxedavad imisa, rom sabanko garantia gamouTxovad valdebulebas warmoadgenda da ga-rantors ekisreboda beneficiaris winaSe misi Sesrulebis valdebuleba, Tuki benefi-ciaris dakmayofilebis Semdeg aRmoCndeboda, rom beneficiarsa da principals Sorisarsebuli xelSekrulebidan gamomdinare beneficiaris moTxovna Sesrulda (principal-ma daakmayofila beneficiaris moTxovna), Sewyda sxva safuZvliT, an baTilia, warmoi-Soboda viTareba, rodesac beneficiari sabanko garantiidan iRebs dakmayofilebas ise,rom saerTod ar gaaCnia ZiriTadi xelSekrulebidan gamomdinare moTxovnis samarTleb-rivi safuZveli.37

sabanko garantiebiT nakisri valdebulebebis Sesrulebis moTxovniT aRZrul saqmezesakasacio sasamarTlom miiCnia, rom saapelacio palatam sadavo faqtobrivi garemoebadaadgina saqmeSi arsebuli mtkicebulebebis arasaTanadod Sefasebis Sedegad (sssk-is105-e muxli). kerZod, im pirobebSi, rodesac saqmeSi arsebuli xelSekrulebis sagnismaidentificirebeli monacemebi ar Seesabameboda sabanko garantiebiT uzrunvelyo-fili principalis valdebulebis maidentificirebel monacemebs, SeuZlebeli iyo imis

36 saqme #as-367-348-2015.37 saqme #as-1038-999-2016.


22

dadgena, rom aRniSnuli garantiebi swored am xelSekrulebiT nakisri valdebulebe-bis uzrunvelyofis mizniT gaica, ris gamoc ar arsebobda wardgenili sarCelis dakma-yofilebis safuZveli.38

amxanagoba

saqmeSi, sadac mosarCele amxanagobis wevrebisagan amxanagobis saxelze Setanili Tan-xis ukan dabrunebas moiTxovda im safuZvliT, rom SeTanxmebiT gaTvaliswinebuli sac-xovrebeli bina mas ar Cahbarebia da arc Tanxa dabrunebia ukan, pirveli instanciis sa-samarTlom sarCeli srulad daakmayofila, romelic mxolod erTma mopasuxem gaasa-Civra. saapelacio palatam axali gadawyvetilebis miRebiT Secvala Tanxis anazRaure-baze valdebul pirTa wre da sarCeli apelantisaTvis Tanxis dakisrebis nawilSi ar da-akmayofila. sakasacio palatam miiCnia, rom sarCelis faqtobrivi gamarTuloba da da-sabuTebuloba ar akmayofilebda saproceso kanoniT dadgenil moTxovnebs, radganacmasSi srulyofilad da TanamimdevrobiT ar iyo asaxuli mosarCelis mosazrebebi saq-mis TiToeul faqtobriv garemoebasa da mtkicebulebasTan dakavSirebiT (sssk-is 177-178-e muxlebi). aqedan gamomdinare, sasamarTlos evaleboda, xeli Seewyo mosarCeli-saTvis yvela arsebiT faqtze drouli da srulyofili ganmartebebis gakeTebaSi, gan-sakuTrebiT imaSi, rom mas ganevrco arasakmarisad warmodgenili miTiTebebi faqteb-Tan dakavSirebiT.39

samisdReSio rCena

Cuqebisa da nasyidobis xelSekrulebebis baTilad cnobisa da uZrav qonebaze sakuTre-bis uflebis dabrunebis moTxovniT aRZrul erT-erT davaSi, sadac ori instanciis sa-samarTlom wardgenili sarCeli uaryo, sakasacio sasamarTlom daaskvna, rom bebiasada SviliSvils Soris sadavo uZrav qonebaze dadebuli SeTanxmeba, romelic dasaTau-rebuli iyo, rogorc ̀ Cuqebis xelSekruleba~, Tavisi SinaarsiT ar warmoadgenda uZra-vi qonebis Cuqebas, radganac mosarCelem (bebiam) damajereblad, relevanturi mtkice-bulebebiT daadastura, rom SviliSvilTan (pirvel mopasuxesTan) samisdReSio rCena-ze (ssk-is 941-e muxli) dado xelSekruleba da mas am ukanasknelisaTvis sakuTrebis gas-xvisebis uflebamosileba ar miuniWebia (ssk-is 945-e muxli). am nawilSi, sakasacio pa-latam, marTalia, miiCnia, rom mxareTa Soris daido samisdReSio rCenis xelSekruleba,Tumca aRniSnuli samarTlebrivi urTierTobis warmoSobas abrkolebda kanoniT gaT-valiswinebuli aucilebeli formis daucveloba (ssk-is 59-e muxli _ arara garigeba),vinaidan, ssk-is 942-e muxlis mixedviT, am saxis xelSekrulebis namdvilobisaTvis weri-lobiT formasTan erTad savaldebuloa misi sanotaro wesiT damowmeba, rac Sesrule-buli ar iyo. vinaidan, mopasuxem ar warmoadgina kvalificiuri Sedaveba (sssk-is 201-emuxli) sakasacio palatam miiCnia, rom sadavo garigeba ar warmoSobda samarTlebrivSedegs, aramesakuTre pirTan dadebuli garigebis baTilobis samarTlebrivi safuZ-vliT. amave saqmeSi sakasacio sasamarTlom ar gaiziara saapelacio palatis daskvna sa-davo uZravi qonebis SemZenebis keTilsindisierebasTan dakavSirebiT da miiCnia, rom arcmesame mopasuxes SeuZenia sadavo nivTze sakuTreba, radganac is pirveli mopasuxis (Svi-liSvilis) colisda iyo da, aqedan gamomdinare, arsebobda imis prezumfcia, rom man ico-da gamsxviseblis aramesakuTreobis Taobaze. aRniSnuli prezumfcia mesame mopasuxemver gaaqarwyla. amrigad, sasamarTlom daaskvna, rom sajaro reestrSi mesame mopasuxearasworad iyo registrirebuli sadavo nivTis mesakuTred, xolo, vinaidan am regis-traciis safuZveli, nasyidobis xelSekruleba gabaTilda, registracia unda gauqme-buliyo (`sajaro reestris Sesaxeb~ saqarTvelos kanonis me-5 muxli da 26-e muxlis 1.`b~

38 saqme #as-960-925-2016.39 saqme #as-1114-1034-2017.


23

q/punqti) da unda aRdgeniliyo registraciamde arsebuli samarTlebrivi mdgomareo-ba, radganac mesame mopasuxis moqmedebiT mosarCeles (bebias) miadga ziani (ssk-is 408.1muxli).40

valdebulebis darRvevis Sedegebi (meoradi moTxovnebi)

ziani

eleqtroenergiis miwodebis SewyvetiT miyenebuli zianis anazRaurebis moTxovna pir-veli instanciis sasamarTlom daakmayofila, xolo saapelacio sasamarTlom axali ga-dawyvetilebis miRebiT uaryo. sakasacio sasamarTlom miiCnia, rom vinaidan dadastu-rebuli iyo, rom mopasuxem marTlsawinaaRmdegod Seuwyvita mosarCeleebs sadavo pe-riodSi eleqtroenergia, ra drosac uZravi qoneba eleqtroenergiiT maragdeboda ge-neratoris saSualebiT, romlis sawvavis xarjis gaRebac damqiraveblis valdebulebasar warmoadgenda, moqmedebda prezumfcia, rom generators sawvaviT uzrunvelyofdnenmosarCeleebi da am prezumfciis uaryofis mtkicebis tvirTi mopasuxes ekisreboda, racgulisxmobs imas, rom mopasuxes unda emtkicebina ssk-is 494.1 da 394.1 muxlebiT gaTva-liswinebuli pasuxismgeblobis gamomricxveli garemoebebi, kerZod, is, rom generato-ris sawvaviT momarageba ara mosarCeleebma, aramed sxva pirebma ganaxorcieles. sakasa-cio sasamarTlom aRniSna, rom qvemdgomi instanciis sasamarTloebma aseve saTanadodar gamoikvlies, Tu ra moculobis eleqtroenergia gamomuSavdeboda eleqtrogenera-toriT sadavo periodSi yoveldRiurad (sssk-is me-4, 102-e da 105-e muxlebi).41

zianis anazRaurebis Sesaxeb davaze sakasacio sasamarTlom miiCnia, rom saapelacio sa-samarTlos ar daudgenia da ar Seufasebia, mosarCelis mier ramdenad keTilsindisie-rad da jerovnad xorcieldeboda amxanagobis warmomadgenloba garkveuli periodisganmavlobaSi sxvadasxva organizacia-dawesebulebaSi. sakasacio sasamarTlom daaskvna,rom gasaCivrebuli gadawyvetileba ar Seicavda argumentacias, Tu ris safuZvelze mi-vida saapelacio sasamarTlo im daskvnamde, rom mosarCelis mier nawilobriv ganxor-cielebuli Senatani, inteleqtualuri Senatanis saxiT, warmoadgenda mosarCeleze ga-nawilebuli uZravi qonebis Rirebulebis naxevars. amrigad, sakasacio sasamarTlom saqmexelaxla gansaxilvelad daabruna qvemdgom sasamarTloSi, romelsac materialuri dasaproceso samarTlis wesebis dacviT unda ganesazRvra pasuxismgebel pirTa wre, See-fasebina ramdenad keTilsindisierad da jerovnad Seasrula mosarCelem inteleqtua-luri Senatani, emsjela orive saxis Senatanis kumulatiurad ganuxorcieleblobis pi-robebSi unda yofiliyo Tu ara cnobili mis mier valdebuleba Sesrulebulad, aseTSemTxvevaSi rogor unda Sefasebuliyo mxaris mier ganxorcielebuli Senatanis Rire-buleba da amis Semdgom gadaewyvita sarCelis bedi.42

miuRebeli Semosavali

sakasacio sasamarTlom saxelSekrulebo davebze qvemdgom instanciebSi miRebuli iu-ridiuli Sedegi Secvala valdebulebis darRvevis periodis (monakveTi) ganusazRvre-lobis motiviT: erT-erT saqmeze43 sakasacio palatam daaskvna, rom miuRebeli Semosav-lis saxiT zianis moTxovnis ufleba kreditors aqvs ssk-is 411-e muxlis safuZvelzeswored valdebulebis darRvevis periodSi. gasaTvaliswinebelia ̀ aris~ da ̀ unda iyos~Soris sxvaobis mniSvneloba.



24

miuRebeli Semosavlis saxiT damdgari zianis anazRaurebis Sesaxeb or instanciaSi dak-mayofilebuli sarCeli sakasacio palatam uaryo ssk-is 411-e muxliT gaTvaliswinebu-li movalis moqmedebisa da kreditorisaTvis miyenebul zians Soris logikuri da mi-zez-Sedegobrivi kavSiris daudastureblobis safuZvliT (sssk-is me-4, 102-e da 105-emuxlebi).44

saqmeze, romliTac mosarCele moiTxovda nardobis xelSekrulebis moSliT miyenebu-li zianis saxiT miuRebeli Semosavlis anazRaurebas, sakasacio palatam miiCnia, romsaapelacio sasamarTlom arasworad ganmarta ssk-is 636-e muxlis Sinaarsi da nardobisxelSekrulebis moSliT miyenebul zianSi gaiTvaliswina is sargebeli, rasac miiRebdamosarCele valdebulebis jerovnad Sesrulebis SemTxvevaSi, anu miuRebeli Semosava-li (ssk-is 411-e muxli). sakasacio sasamarTlom aRniSna, rom saapelacio sasamarTlosmier mopasuxisaTvis dakisrebuli zianis anazRaurebis valdebuleba mxolod miuRe-bel Semosavals ukavSirdeboda. mocemul SemTxvevaSi, asanazRaurebeli ziani ki, faq-tobriv da im danaxarjebs moicavda, romelsac, savaraudod, miiRebda menarde, Tu mansaamisod garkveuli qmedebebi ganaxorciela.45

moraluri ziani

Svilis gardacvalebiT gamowveuli sulieri tkivilisa da tanjvisaTvis moraluri zi-anis anazRaurebis Taobaze, ori instanciiT dakmayofilebul sarCelze, sakasacio pa-latam sarCelis uaryofiT Secvala iuridiuli Sedegi. qvemdgomi instanciis sasamar-Tlos gadawyvetilebis Secvla materialuri samarTlis normebis arasworad gamoyene-bam da ganmartebam ganapiroba, kerZod, sakasacio sasamarTlom gansazRvra moTxovnisdamfuZnebeli normebi da ganmarta, rom satransporto saSualebis eqspluataciis Se-degad Svilis gardacvalebiT gamowveuli sulieri tkivilisa da tanjvisaTvis mora-luri zianis anazRaurebis valdebuleba dasaSvebia gamonaklisis saxiT, mxolod maSin,rodesac xangrZlivi drois ganmavlobaSi mimdinareobs mZime fsiqopaTologiuri dar-Rvevebi, romlebic arsebiTad scildeba, ubeduri SemTxvevis gamo, janmrTelobis zo-gadi mdgomareobis mimarT sulieri tkiviliT miyenebul zians (vnebebs) da, romelic,amis gamo, SeiZleba, gavaigivoT sxeulis an janmrTelobis dazianebasTan (ssk-is 999-eda 1006-e muxlebi).46

moraluri zianis odenobis gansazRvrisas, sakasacio palatam moTxovna ssk-is 413-e mux-lTan erTad 992-e muxlis samarTlebrivi safuZvliTac Seamowma da dazaralebulisaT-vis miyenebuli moraluri zianis srulfasovani anazRaurebisTvis Sesaferis kompensa-ciad pirveli da saapelacio sasamarTloebis mier mikuTvnebul Tanxaze oTxjer metiodenoba miiCnia.47

moraluri zianis anazRaurebis (ssk-is 413-e muxli) davaze48 marTebuli gadawyvetile-ba pirveli instanciis sasmarTlom miiRo, romelmac sarCeli uaryo; saapelacio sasa-marTlom ki, moTxovna aramarTlzomierad daakmayofila, radgan daudasturebeli iyoarakompetenturad da arakvalificiurad Catarebuli mkurnalobis faqtobrivi gare-moebebi (ssk-is 1007-e muxlisa da 992-e muxlis winapirobebi), rac gamoricxavda 413-emuxlis samarTlebriv Sedegs. sadavo faqtobrivi garemoebebis daudastureblobis mo-tiviT sakasacio palatam uaryo ori instanciiT dakmayofilebuli sarCeli.49

44 saqme #as-1006-927-2017.45 saqme #as-319-304-2016.46 saqme #as-593-568-2016.47 saqme #as-660-660-2018.48 saqme #as-111-111-2018.49 saqme #as- 860-860-2018.


25

pirgasamtexlo

valdebulebis arajerovani Sesrulebis gamo pirgasamtexlos dakisrebis Sesaxeb saq-meze sakasacio sasamarTlom darRveva daadgina pirgasamtexlos daricxvis periodisaraswor gansazRvraSi. pirgasamtexlos dakisrebis nawilSi sarCeli nawilobriv iyo dak-mayofilebuli pirveli instanciis sasamarTloSi, rac ucvlelad darCa saapelacio sa-samarTloSi. qvemdgomi instanciis sasamarTloebma pirgasamtexlo movales drois immonakveTSic daakisres, ra drosac, saaRsrulebo furclis safuZvelze dawyebuli sa-aRsrulebo warmoeba sarCelze gamoyenebuli uzrunvelyofis RonisZiebis saxiT SeCe-rebuli iyo. `saaRsrulebo warmoebaTa Sesaxeb~ saqarTvelos kanonis 25-e muxlis me-2punqtis danawesi adgens, rom gangrZobiTi pirgasamtexlos daricxvis periodSi ar moi-azreba gadawyvetilebis aRsrulebis SeCerebis periodi, anu drois is monakveTi, rode-sac saaRsrulebo warmoeba SeCerda swored sarCelis uzrunvelyofis mizniT.50

saqmeSi, romelSic mosarCele pirgasamtexlos Semcirebas moiTxovda, qvemdgomi instan-ciis sasamarTloebma sarCeli nawilobriv daakmayofiles, xolo sakasacio palatam sar-Celis uaryofiT Secvala iuridiuli Sedegi im safuZvliT, rom, mocemul SemTxvevaSi,mosarCelem, romelic mewarme subieqtia, ver daasabuTa, Tu ratom iyo Seusabamod ma-Rali SeTanxmebuli pirgasamtexlo, man ver miuTiTa iseT garemoebebze, romelic saka-sacio palatas ssk-is 420-e muxlis gamoyenebis aucileblobaSi daarwmunebda. palatisganmartebiT, pirgasamtexlos Semcirebisas, mniSvnelovania im garemoebis gaTvaliswi-neba, Tu ramdenad acnobierebda miTiTebul pirobas mxare xelSekrulebaze xelis mo-werisas. Tu mxare aRWurvilia advokatiT, samewarmeo urTierTobebSi gamocdili subi-eqtia, Tavad mewarmea da a.S, ivaraudeba, rom aseT viTarebaSi SeTanxmebuli pirgasam-texlo, Tundac Seusabamod maRali, mxareTa namdvil nebas Seesabameba da Semcirebas areqvemdebareba.51

sxva saqmeSic arasworad Sefasda sanotaro aqti _ xelSekruleba saxelwodebiT ̀ valis aRi-areba~ (ssk-is 341-e da sssk-is 105-e muxlebi) da meorec, arasworad ganisazRvra pirgasam-texlo dasaricxi Tanxis moculoba (Seusrulebeli valdebuleba) (ssk-is 417-e, 394-e mux-lebi).52

kanonismieri moTxovnebi(sakuTrebis uflebis deliqturi dacva, deliqtidan gamomdinare moTxovnebi,

usafuZvlo gamdidrebidan moTxovnebi)

sakuTrebis uflebasTan dakavSirebul davaze sakasacio sasamarTlos didma palatamgaiziara mopasuxeebis pretenzia sarCelis dakmayofilebul nawilSi mosarCeleTa moT-xovnis samarTlebriv safuZvlad kondiqciuri samarTlis normebis gamoyenebis usafuZ-vlobasTan dakavSirebiT, magram ar gaiziara maTi mosazreba, rom sawarmos wilebze sa-kuTrebis aRdgenis (dabrunebis) moTxovnas safuZveli saerTod ar gaaCnda. didma pa-latam miiCnia, rom saapelacio sasamarTlom mxareTa Soris faqtobrivi garemoebebismiTiTebisa da mtkicebis tvirTi arasworad gamijna da gaanawila. mtkicebis tvirTissworad ganawilebis SemTxvevaSi, mas SesaZlebloba eqneboda, ganxorcielebulad CaeT-vala saqarTvelos samoqalaqo kodeqsis (SemdegSi: ssk) 992-e, 998-e muxlebisa da 408-emuxlis pirveli nawiliT gaTvaliswinebuli samarTlebrivi Sedegis ganmapirobebelifaqtobrivi wanamZRvrebi. didma palatam ganmarta, rom ssk-is 54-e muxls avtonomiurifunqcia ar gaaCnia, is definiciuria da konkretul samarTlebriv Sedegs ar iTvalis-winebs. martooden garigebis amoralurobis zogadi normis gamoyeneba, didma palatamarasakmarisad miiCnia da, aqedan gamomdinare, am normis saapelacio sasamarTloseuli



26

interpretacia _ aradamajereblad, radganac igi ewinaaRmdegeba samoqalaqo brunvisprincipebs. xsenebuli gadawyvetileba mniSvnelovania aseve mopasuxis mxridan sapro-ceso Tavdacvis saSualebaTa gankargvis TvalsazrisiTac, kerZod, didma palatam yu-radReba gaamaxvila saqarTvelos samoqalaqo saproceso kodeqsis (SemdegSi: sssk) 201-emuxliT gansazRvruli wesiT Sesageblis wardgenis procesualur mniSvnelobaze. manaRniSna: samoqalaqo procesSi mtkicebis sagani, romelic warmoadgens sadavo materia-lur-samarTlebriv faqtebs, romelzec miuTiTeben mosarCele da mopasuxe, moTxovnisTu Sesageblis dasabuTebis an gaqarwylebisaTvis, SeuZlebelia warmovidginoT mtki-cebiTi saqmianobis gareSe. sssk-is me-4 muxlis pirveli nawili naTeli dadasturebaaimisa, rom mopasuxe valdebulia, saqmis momzadebis mizniT aqtiurad imoqmedos, rac,upirvelesad, sasamarTlosaTvis sarCelze misi werilobiTi mosazrebebis wardgenaSigamoixateba. mopasuxis mier am uflebis ganuxorcielebloba, sssk-is 206-e muxlis Se-sabamisad, arTmevs mas uflebas, Seasrulos aseTi moqmedeba am saqmis arsebiTad gan-xilvis dros (anu sasamarTlos sxdomaze mxarisagan mtkicebulebis miReba aRar xdeba).am SemTxvevisaTvis sxva raime specialur Sedegs kanoni ar adgens.53

saqmeze, romliTac mosarCele moiTxovda marTlsawinaaRmdegod gasxvisebuli qonebismopasuxis ukanono mflobelobidan gamoTxovas, pirveli da saapelacio instanciis sa-samarTloebis mier sarCeli ar dakmayofilda, Tumca, sakasacio palatam saqmis arsebi-Ti ganxilvis Sedegad daadgina, rom sasamarTloebs ar hqondaT Seswavlili sarCelisdasabuTebuloba, Sedavebis arseboba da saqmis gansaxilvelad momzadebisaTvis mniS-vnelobis mqone sxva procesualuri sakiTxebi. saapelacio sasamarTlos mxridan ise iq-na uaryofili saapelacio saCivari SemZenis keTilsindisierebaze miTiTebiT, rom masarc ki mouZiebia mosarCelis moTxovnis samarTlebrivi safuZveli da ar ganusazRvravsmtkicebis sagani. sakasacio palatam davis arsebiTad gadawyvetis Sedegad daadgina, romsarCeli formalur-samarTlebrivi TvalsazrisiT iyo dasabuTebuli, mosarCeles mi-TiTebuli hqonda moTxovnis ganmapirobebeli yvela faqtobrivi winapiroba, romlisSedegad sakasacio sasamarTlom gansazRvra moTxovnis damfuZnebeli normebi da miu-TiTa mesakuTris uflebebis aRdgenis, rogorc sanivTo, ise _ deliqtur saSualebebzeda am samarTlebrivi dasabuTebis Sesabamisad, mtkicebis saganSi Semavali faqtebis dad-genisa da davaze kanonieri, dasabuTebuli gadawyvetilebis gamotanis mizniT saqme xe-laxla gansaxilvelad daubruna saapelacio sasamarTlos. xsenebuli ganCineba mniSvne-lovania maT Soris im TvalsazrisiT, rom sakasacio sasamarTlom iuridiuli piris mxri-dan qonebis SeZenis dros daadgina iuridiuli piris keTilsindisierebis gansazRvriskriteriumebi.54

deliqturi pasuxismgeblobidan gamomdinare, sxva davaze sakasacio sasamarTlom axa-li gadawyvetilebiT ganmarta, rom deliqtur samarTalSi moTxovnis yvelaze mniSvne-lovani safuZveli ssk-is 992-e muxlia, romlis mixedviTac samarTlebrivi Sedegi (`zi-anis anazRaurebis valdebuleba~) qmedebis abstraqtuli Semadgenlobidan (`sxva pirismimarT ganxorcielebuli qmedeba) gamomdinareobs. amave gadawyvetilebaSi sakasaciosasamarTlom danaSauliT miyenebuli zianis anazRaurebis Sesaxeb sarCelebis ganxil-vis saproceso wesad sssk-is XXXIV3 TaviT dadgenil normebze miuTiTa.55 man aRniSna,rom sssk iTvaliswinebs calkeuli deliqtiT miyenebuli zianis anazRaurebis SesaxebsarCelis gamartivebuli wesiT ganxilvas (Tavi XXXIV3, 30916-30921 muxlebi). mxedvelo-baSia sarCeli danaSaulis an administraciuli samarTaldarRvevis Sedegad miyenebu-li zianis anazRaurebis Sesaxeb. samoqalaqo samarTalwarmoebis wesiT danaSauliT mi-yenebuli zianis anazRaurebis Sesaxeb sarCelebis ganxilvisas gamoiyeneba sssk-is XXXIV3

dadgenili normebi. am kategoriis saqmeebis ganxilvis Tavisebureba isaa, rom kanonierZalaSi Sesuli ganaCeniT dadgenil faqtebs preiudiciuli mniSvneloba gaaCniaT (sssk-is 30920 muxlis meore nawili), rac imas gulisxmobs, rom damtkicebulad da ganxorcie-



27

lebulad iTvleba deliqturi samarTlis mTavari normis, ssk-is 992-e muxliT gaTva-liswinebuli samarTlebrivi Sedegis ganmapirobebeli yvela samarTlebrivi wanamZRva-ri: qmedebis marTlsawinaaRmdegoba, ziani, adekvaturi mizezobrivi kavSiri da brali(`zianis anazRaurebis Sesaxeb sarCelis ganxilvisas sasamarTlo dadgenilad miiCnevszianis miyenebis faqts, romelic dasturdeba kanonier ZalaSi Sesuli sasamarTlo ga-naCeniT an administraciuli samarTaldarRvevis saqmis ganmxilveli organos/Tanamde-bobis piris mier administraciuli samarTaldarRvevis saqmeze gamocemuli adminis-traciul-samarTlebrivi aqtiT~).56

saqmeSi, romelSic mosarCeleebi notariusisgan zianis anazRaurebas moiTxovdnen, imsafuZvliT, rom notariusma uZravi qonebis marTvisa da gankargvis mindobiloba sano-taro moqmedebaTa Sesrulebis wesis darRveviT daamowma, ris Sedegadac, ziani miadgamosarCeleebs, pirveli instanciis sasamarTlom sarCeli uaryo, xolo saapelacio pa-latam axali gadawyvetilebiT sarCeli nawilobriv daakmayofila. sakasacio sasamar-Tlom daadgina ra, rom qvemdgomi instanciis sasamarTlom arasrulyofilad gamoik-vlies mtkicebis saganSi Semavali zianis faqtobrivi elementebi, mcdari Sefaseba mis-ca mxareTa mier wardgenil mtkicebulebebs, ramac samarTlebrivad dausabuTebeli das-kvnebi ganapiroba, sakasacio palatam miiCnia, rom mxolod sanotaro moqmedebaTa Ses-rulebis wesis darRveva ar iyo sakmarisi ssk-is 992-e muxlis winapirobebis ganxorcie-lebulad miCnevisaTvis da sarCelis warmatebisaTvis saWiro iyo zianis faqtis dadge-na.57

saqmeze, romelzec davis sagani iyo amxanagobis wevris moTxovna amxanagobis Tavmjdo-maris, masTan saxelSekrulebo urTierTobaSi myofi mesame pirisa da notariusisaganzianis anazRaureba, sakasacio palatam ar gaiziara arc erTi instanciis sasamarTlosdaskvna kanonismieri valdebulebidan gamomdinare sarCelis safuZvlianobis Taobaze.saqmeze sakasacio sasamarTlom yuradReba gaamaxvila im faqtze, rom amxanagoba, rom-lis mizansac sacxovrebeli korpusis mSenebloba warmoadgenda, ar iyo dasrulebuli.marTalia, im qmedebaTa Sedegad, romelsac mosarCele deliqturad miiCnevda, ganikar-ga amxanagobis wevrTa saerTo sakuTreba, Tumca, im pirobebSi, rodesac amxanagobas/miswevrs SeeZlo, moTxovna waredgina amxanagobis sasargeblod, sakasacio palatam miiC-nia, rom ar arsebobda individualuri zianis anazRaurebis winapirobebi.58

usafuZvlo gamdidreba (kondiqcia)

kanonismieri moTxovnidan gamomdinare, saqmeze pirveli instanciis sasamarTlos mieruaryofili sarCeli saapelacio palatam nawilobriv daakmayofila, xolo sakasacio pa-latam Secvala iuridiuli Sedegi da sarCeli srulad daakmayofila. sakasacio pala-tam dadgenilad miiCnia, rom mopasuxe sadavo uZravi qonebis aramarTlzomieri flo-biT usafuZvlod gamdidrda, Sesabamisad, sasarCelo moTxovna (uZravi qonebis aramar-Tlzomieri Carevis Sedegad miRebuli sargeblis anazRaurebis moTxovna) ssk-is 982-eda 408.1 muxlebidan gamomdinare, warmatebuli iyo da srulad unda dakmayofilebuli-yo.59

saqmeze, sadac mxaris mier kondiqciuri moTxovna iyo wardgenili, sakasacio palatamganmarta, rom ar arsebobda ssk-is 976-e muxliT gaTvaliswinebuli samarTlebrivi Se-degis ganmapirobebeli faqtobrivi winapirobebi, kerZod, ssk-is 976-e muxlis mixedviT,SesrulebaSi igulisxmeba sxva piris qonebis Segnebuli da mizanmimarTuli gazrda, anu,roca Semsrulebeli, rogorc wesi, SecdomiT asrulebs faqtobrivad ararsebul val-

56 Sdr. susg saqme #as-866-833-2016.57 saqme #as-508-475-2017.58 saqme #as-1040-960-2017.59 saqme #as-197-186-2017.


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debulebas an rodesac ikveTeba baTili an arSemdgari xelSekrulebebidan gamomdinarepirvandeli mdgomareobis aRdgenasTan dakavSirebuli viTareba. sakasacio palatam aR-niSna, rom am konkretul SemTxvevaSi, mosarCelem ki ar ganaxorciela Sesruleba, ara-med adgili hqonda kanonier ZalaSi Sesuli gadawyvetilebis safuZvelze iZulebiT (mo-sarCelis nebis sawinaaRmdegod) aRsrulebas, romelic ganxorcielda `saaRsrulebowarmoebaTa Sesaxeb~ saqarTvelos kanonis Sesabamisad. amdenad, radganac mosarCele ariyo uflebamosili, edava ipoTekisa da momsaxurebis xelSekrulebebis calkeuli pun-qtebis namdvilobaze, sasamarTlos ar unda emsjela am debulebebis samarTlebriv bu-nebaze da standartuli pirobis baTilobidan gamomdinare Sedegebze (ssk-is 342-e damomdevno muxlebi).60

saojaxo davebi

mamobis dadgena

dava, romliTac mama qorwinebaSi dabadebul arasrulwlovan SvilTan urTierTobis we-sis dadgenas, xolo deda Segebebuli sarCeliT saaqto CanawerSi mamis grafaSi cvli-lebis Setanas moiTxovda, mniSvnelovania imdenad, ramdenadac, rogorc pirveli instan-ciis, ise _ saapelacio sasamarTlos mxridan gadawyda materialur-samarTlebrivi nor-mis arasworad gamoyenebiT. qvemdgomma sasamarTloebma sarCelis uaryofa da Segebe-buli sarCelis dakmayofileba daasabuTes ssk-is 1190-e muxliT da safuZvlad daudesis faqti, rom mama genetikur kvlevaze acxadebda uars. Tavis mxriv, Tavdacvis sapro-ceso saSualebad mama apelirebda im kanonismier prezumfciaze, rom bavSvis qorwineba-Si dabadeba maT biologiur kavSirs adasturebda da am varaudis gaqarwyleba ekisrebo-da Segebebul mosarCeles. sakasacio sasamarTlom gaiziara mamis argumenti da CaTva-la, rom Segebebuli sarCelis materialur safuZvels ssk-is 1189-e muxli warmoadgen-da, xolo mama-Svilis kavSiris faqtis gaqarwylebis valdebuleba ekisreboda dedas,romelsac miTiTebis etapzec ki ar aRuniSnavs imgvari faqtebi, romlebic Canaweris nam-dvilobas eWvqveS daayenebda, ufro metic, erovnuli da saerTaSoriso samarTliT, aseve,adamianis uflebaTa evrosasamarTlos precedentuli praqtikis gaTvaliswinebiT, sa-kasacio palatam daadgina, rom arasrulwlovnis saukeTeso interess misi ojaxTan ga-erTianeba warmoadgenda da ara dedis imgvari qmedeba, romelic mxolod saaqto Canawe-ris gauqmebas emsaxureboda da biologiuri mamis vinaobas arc asaxelebda, ufro me-tic, mesame pirs mamobis Canaweris namdvilobaze ar aRuZravs sarCeli, romelTan mi-marTebiTac swored ssk-is 1190-e muxlis Sesabamisad (biologiuri an anTropologiu-ri kvleva) dadgindeboda bavSvTan biologiuri kavSiri.61

gvaris mikuTvneba

arasrulwlovani SvilisTvis gvaris mikuTvnebis moTxovniT aRZruli sarCeli pirve-li instanciis sasamarTlom daakmayofila, Tumca saapelacio palatam moTxovna nawi-lobriv warmatebulad miiCnia da sarCelis nawilobriv dakmayofilebiT arasrulwlo-vans orive mSoblis gvari miakuTvna. am saqmeze sakasacio palatam sarCelis uaryofiTSecvala iuridiuli Sedegi im safuZvliT, rom ar arsebobda sarCelis dakmayofilebisganmapirobebeli arc erTi winapiroba. palatis ganmartebiT, miuxedavad imisa, rom Svi-lebis mimarT mSoblebs Tanabari ufleba-movaleobebi gaaCniaT (ssk-is 1197-e muxli),arasrulwlovnisTvis mamis gvaris mikuTvneba im pirobebSi, rodesac bavSvi dabadebi-dan dedasTan cxovrobs, xolo mamasTan erTi dRec ar ucxovria, ar gamomdinareobdakanonis miznebidan da ar Seesabameboda bavSvis saukeTeso interesebs. erovnuli kanon-mdebloba bavSvis gvaris Secvlis Sesaxeb sarCelis aRZvris diskrecias aniWebs mxolod

60 saqme #as-1167-1087-2017.61 saqme #as-85-81-2017.


29

im mSobels, romelTanac imyofeba bavSvi sacxovreblad. amasTan, aseTi sarCeli dakma-yofilebas eqvemdebareba mxolod im SemTxvevaSi, Tu gvaris Secvla bavSvis upiratesinteresebs Seesabameba.62

alimentis dakisreba

gansaxilvel saqmeSi, sadac davis sagans alimentis dakisreba warmoadgenda, qvemdgomiinstanciis sasamarTloebma sarCeli nawilobriv daakmayofiles. sakasacio sasamarTlomsaqmis arsebiTad ganxilvis dros miiCnia, rom gasaCivrebuli gadawyvetilebiT sworadiyo gansazRvruli sasarCelo moTxovnis samarTlebrivi safuZveli (ssk-is 1214-e mux-li), Tumca arasrulyofilad iyo gamokvleuli miTiTebuli normiT gaTvaliswinebulisamarTlebrivi Sedegis ganmapirobebeli faqtobrivi winapirobebi, rogorc bavSvis, iseorive mSoblebis realuri materialuri mdgomareoba. palatam yuradReba gaamaxvilaim garemoebaze, rom saqmeSi warmodgenili mopasuxis xarjebis amsaxveli mtkicebule-bebi saTanadod ar iqna gamokvleuli da, aqedan gamomdinare, ar dadgenila, Tu romelixarjebi warmoadgenda am ukanasknelis mier gasaReb aucilebel xarjebs. sakasacio pa-latam miuTiTa, rom alimentis gansazRvrisas mniSvnelovani iyo sasamarTlos daedgi-na ara mxolod alimentis gadaxdaze valdebuli piris materialuri mdgomareoba, ara-med _ alimentis miRebaze uflebamosili piris saWiroebebi, im moTxovnebis gaTvalis-winebiT, rac aucilebeli iyo, misi normaluri rCena-aRzrdisaTvis. amave saqmeSi saka-sacio palatam yuradReba gaamaxvila arasrulwlovanTa uflebebis dacvis saprocesorealizaciis weszec da ganmarta, rom samoqalaqo samarTalwarmoebiT gansaxilvel sxvakategoriis saqmeTagan gansxvavebiT, saojaxo samarTlebrivi davebis ganxilva inkvizi-ciuri elementebiTaa gajerebuli da sssk-is 354-e muxliT kanonmdebeli SesaZlebladmiiCnevs saqmis garemoebis dadgenas sasamarTlos iniciativiTac. normis pirveli nawi-lis Tanaxmad, sasamarTlos SeuZlia, Tavisi iniciativiT gansazRvros dasadgen gare-moebaTa wre da mxareTa axsna-ganmartebis Semdeg TviTon gamoiTxovos mtkicebulebe-bi, romlebzedac mxareebs ar miuTiTebiaT. palatam aRniSna, rom miTiTebuli saproce-so wesis gamoyeneba saapelacio samarTalwarmoebis etapze miT ufro gamarTlebulia,ramdenadac saapelacio sasamarTlo, rogorc samarTalwarmoebis meore instancia, da-vis faqtobrivi garemoebebis damdgeni sasamarTloa da amave kodeqsis 380-e muxliT masaxal mtkicebulebaTa miRebis SesaZleblobac gaaCnia. sakasacio sasamarTlos Sefase-biT, rodesac sakiTxi ssk-is 1202-e muxliT gansazRvrul sasamarTlos pozitiur val-debulebas Seexeba, sasamarTlom yoveli Rone unda ixmaros, raTa zedmiwevniT sworaddaadginos arasrulwlovnis WeSmariti interesebi.63

meuRleTa TanasakuTreba

sssk-is 385-e muxlis araswori ganmartebis motiviT, sakasacio sasamarTlom sami saqmexelaxla gansaxilvelad daubruna saapelacio sasamarTlos64 im dasabuTebiT, rom sssk-iT damkvidrebuli SezRuduli apelaciis principis miuxedavad, saapelacio sasamar-Tlo warmoadgenda faqtebis damdgen zemdgom sasamarTlos da pirveli instanciisaT-vis saqmis xelaxla gansaxilvelad dabruneba gamarTlebuli iyo mxolod sagamonakli-so SemTxvevaSi, rodesac saapelacio palata daadgenda, rom mas Tavad gauWirdebodasaqmis garemoebebis dadgena. xsenebul saqmeebSi sakasacio sasamarTlos ZiriTad miTi-Tebas warmoadgenda is, rom saqmis ganxilvis Sedegad dRis wesrigSi ar damdgara davaSiaxali subieqtis Cabmis aucilebloba, aseve, mxareebs dasabuTebuli pretenzia ar wa-rudgeniaT saqmis sasamarTlo sxdomaze gansaxilvelad momzadebis wesebis darRveviskuTxiT (sssk-is 203-e muxli), romelTa gaziarebac sasamarTlos Camouyalibebda Sina-

62 saqme #as-245-233-2017.63 saqme #as-1011-931-2017.64 saqme #as-1132-1088-2016; #as-543-506-2017; #as-777-744-2016.


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gan rwmenas, rom mxareebs ar miecaT Tanabari SesaZlebloba, ganekargaT mtkicebis sa-Sualebebi da Sejibrebodnen erTmaneTs. xelaxla gansaxilvel davaTa Soris erT-erTimeuRlis moTxovna meuRleTa Tanacxovrebis periodSi SeZenili uZravi qonebis gasxvi-sebis kanonierebasa da qonebis 1/2-is mesakuTred cnobas Seexeboda. sakasacio sasamar-Tlom yuradReba gaamaxvila im faqtze, rom mosarCele sadavo qonebaze TanasakuTre-bis uflebis warmoSobas qorwinebas ukavSirebda, Sesabamisad, unda Semowmebuliyo ssk-is 1158-e muxlis winapirobebi, aseve, unda garkveuliyo, ra safuZvliT iTxovda mosar-Cele garigebis baTilobas, vinaidan ssk-is 1160-e muxlis me-2 nawilis mixedviT, meuR-leTa TanasakuTrebaSi arsebuli qonebis gankargvasTan dakavSirebiT, erTis mier da-debuli garigeba ver iqneba baTilad cnobili meoris moTxovniT im safuZvelze, romman ar icoda garigebis Sesaxeb an is ar eTanxmeboda garigebas. am winapirobebis Semow-meba mniSvnelovani iyo moTxovnis damfuZnebeli normis gansasazRvrad, ramdenadac mi-kuTvnebiTi moTxovna SeiZleba, gamomdinareobdes sxvadasxva samarTlebrivi safuZvle-bidan (ssk-is 172.1 muxli; 992-e da 408.1 muxlebi; 982-e muxli). sarCelis formaluri ga-marTulobis Semowmebis Semdgom, saapelacio palatas unda Seeswavla Sesageblis arse-biTobis sakiTxic (ssk-is 185-e da 312-e muxlebi).65

niSnobis saCuqarze sakuTrebis uflebis warmoSoba

moZravi qonebis (oqros nivTebi) vindicirebasTan dakavSirebuli saqme mniSvnelovaniamaterialuri samarTlis normaTa gamoyenebis TvalsazrisiT, ramdenadac rogorc pir-veli instanciis, ise saapelacio sasamarTlom niSnobaze meuRlisaTvis gadacemu-li oqros nivTebi CaTvala mxaris sakuTrebad da ssk-is 172-e muxlis safuZvelzeuari ganacxada maT gamoTxovaze, miuxedavad imisa, rom mxareTa Soris registri-rebuli qorwineba ar Semdgara. sakasacio palatam miuTiTa ssk-is 1109.2 muxlze, rom-liTac safuZvlianad miiCnia sarCeli, Tumca, sssk-is 253-e muxliT gaTvaliswinebu-li qonebis Rirebulebis dasadgenad saqme xelaxla gansaxilvelad daubruna saapela-cio sasamarTlos.66

SromiTi davebi

SromiT davaze pirveli instanciis sasamarTloSi sarCeli srulad dakmayofilda dagaTavisuflebuli muSaki aRdgenil iqna samsaxurSi, xolo saapelacio instanciaSi sam-saxurSi aRdgenis sanacvlod muSaks mieca kompensacia im dasabuTebiT, rom garTule-buli urTierTobis fonze samsaxurSi aRdgena mizanSeuwoneli iqneboda. sakasacio pa-latam miiCnia, rom gamosakvlevi iyo samsaxurSi aRdgenis SeuZleblobis sakiTxi im Tval-sazrisiT, rom daudgeneli iyo saerTod ra Tanamdeboba ekava muSaks gaTavisuflebam-de da romel Tanamdebobaze aRdgenas iTxovda igi (saqarTvelos Sromis kodeqsis, Sem-degSi _ sSk, 38-e muxlis me-8 nawili).67

reorganizaciis safuZvliT muSakis samsaxuridan gaTavisuflebis Sesaxeb davaze saka-sacio sasamarTlom axali gadawyvetileba miiRo. mocemul saqmeze pirveli instanciissasamarTlom srulad daakmayofila dasaqmebulis sarCeli, xolo saapelacio palatamuaryo igi. sakasacio sasamarTlom saqmis arsebiTad ganxilvis Sedegad gaiziara pirve-li instanciis sasamarTlos daskvna, rom xelSekrulebis moSlis Taobaze damsaqmebliscalmxrivi neba iyo ukanono, Tumca, sawarmoSi Semdgom ganviTarebuli movlenebis gamo(saerTod gauqmda mosarCelis mier dakavebuli Tanamdeboba), sakasacio palatam miiC-nia rom pirvandeli mdgomareobis aRdgena dasaSvebi iyo drois im monakveTamde, vidre



31

arsebobda sadavo pozicia kompaniaSi. xsenebul saqmeze sakasacio sasamarTlom ganmartareorganizaciis safuZvliT piris samuSaodan daTxovnis marTlzomierebis sakiTxi (sSk-is 37.1 muxlis `a~ qvepunqti), aseve, sSk-is 38.8, 32-e, 44-e muxlebi da ssk-is 408-e muxlispirveli nawili.68

rac Seexeba sajaro skolis direqtoris movaleobis Semsruleblis uflebamosilebisSewyvetis sakiTxs, aRniSnul davaze sakasacio saCivari gansaxilvelad daSvebuli iyosasamarTlo praqtikasTan winaaRmdegobis safuZvliT. sakasacio sasamarTlom miiCnia,rom saapelacio sasamarTlom arasworad ganmarta `zogadi ganaTlebis Sesaxeb~ saqar-Tvelos kanonis 42-e (direqtoris arCevis wesi), 44-e (direqtorisTvis uflebamosile-bis Sewyveta) muxlebi da arasworad daadgina, rom direqtoris droebiTi movaleobisSemsruleblis statusi SesaZloa gagrZeldes ganusazRvreli vadiT. Sesabamisad, saka-sacio sasamarTlom daaskvna, rom sajaro skolis direqtoris movaleobis Semsrulebe-li daniSnuli iyo gansazRvruli vadiT da vadis damTavreba ukavSirdeboda direqto-ris vakantur Tanamdebobaze konkursis wesiT axali direqtoris SerCevas.69

mniSvnelovania dava, romelic sakonkurso-saatestacio komisiis gadawyvetilebis na-wilobriv baTilad cnobas, konkursis Sedegebis gauqmebas, samuSaodan gaTavisufle-bis Sesaxeb brZanebis baTilad cnobasa da samuSaoze aRdgenas exeboda, qvemdgomi in-stanciis sasamarTloebma ise uaryves sarCeli, rom yovelmxrivad, srulad da obieq-turad ar gamoikvlies da saTanadod ar Seafases saqmisaTvis mniSvnelobis mqone faq-tebi (sssk-is 105-e muxlis meore nawili), rasac Sedegad mohyva sarCelis dakmayofile-baze uaris Tqma sakmarisi argumentaciis gareSe, kerZod, mosarCelesTan SromiTi xel-Sekrulebis moSlis safuZveli sakonkurso-saatestacio komisiis aradamakmayofile-beli Sefaseba gaxda, ise, rom komisias ar daudgenia Sefasebis kriteriumebi, konkursismesame gasaubrebis etapisaTvis, rac konkursis (maT Soris, gasaubrebis etapis) gamWvir-valed Catarebis erT-erTi aucilebeli winapirobaa. Tu Sefasebis kriteriumebi ar ar-sebobs an maTi arsebobis miuxedavad, gasaubrebis etapis oqmi ar Seicavs sakmaris in-formacias konkursis Sedegebis obieqturi SefasebisaTvis, konkursis marTlzomieradmiCneva SeuZlebeli iqneba. sakasacio sasamarTlom dausabuTeblad miiCnia, saapelaciosasamarTlos mosazreba, rom konkursis Catarebis dros gamWvirvalobis principis dar-Rveva misi Sedegis gauqmebis safuZveli ver gaxdeboda. Sesabamisad, mtkicebis saganSiSemavali faqtebis dadgenisa da davaze kanonieri, dasabuTebuli gadawyvetilebis ga-motanis mizniT saqme xelaxla gansaxilvelad daubruna saapelacio sasamarTlos.70

saqme, romelic Seexeboda damsaqmeblis mier SromiTi urTierTobis calmxrivad moS-lis kanonierebas da dasaqmebuli moiTxovda pirvandeli mdgomareobis aRdgenas (daka-vebul Tanamdebobaze aRdgenasa da ganacduris anazRaurebas) mis mimarT gansxvavebu-li mopyrobis gamo, sakasacio sasamarTlom xelaxla gansaxilvelad daubruna saapela-cio sasamarTlos. SromiT urTierTobaSi diskriminaciis dauSveblobis, aseve ̀ diskri-minaciis yvela formis aRmofxvris Sesaxeb~ saqarTvelos kanonis principebze miTiTe-biT sakasacio palatam ganmarta am kategoriis davaSi mtkicebis tvirTis mxareTa So-ris ganawilebis wesi. ganCinebis Tanaxmad, mosarCeles ekisreba imgvari faqtebis miTi-Tebis tvirTi, rac formaluri TvalsazrisiT diskriminaciis Semadgenlobas qmnis, xo-lo mopasuxes kanoni avaldebulebs, daadasturos sakuTari qmedebis marTlzomiereba.ganCinebaSi gadmocemulia diskriminaciis faqtis mtkicebisaTvis dasaSvebi/gankuTvna-di mtkicebulebebis saxeebi da is standarti, romelic am kategoriis saqmeebze dadge-nilia, rogorc erovnuli kanonmdeblobiT, ise _ adamianis uflebaTa evrosasamarTlosprecedentuli praqtikiT. mocemul saqmeze pirveli instanciisa da saapelacio sasa-marTlos mxridan umTavres darRvevas warmoadgenda is garemoeba, rom diskriminaciisniSnebis arseboba davis sagans warmoadgenda, rogorc pirvel, ise _ saapelacio ganxil-

68 saqme #as-943-908-2016.69 saqme #as-557-532-2016.70 saqme #as-703-673-2016


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vis etapze, xolo mosarCele sarCelSi miuTiTebda gansxvavebuli mopyrobis makvali-ficirebel yvela niSanze (miTiTebis tvirTi), rac arc erTi instanciis sasamarTlosar Seufasebia.71

SromiTi urTierTobidan gamomdinare davebze sakasacio palatis mier miRebul gadaw-yvetilebaTa Soris mniSvnelovania aRiniSnos saqme, sadac mxareTa Soris warmoSobiliurTierToba sakasacio palatam uvado xelSekrulebad miiCnia, vinaidan muSakis gaTa-visuflebamde gasuli iyo sSk-is me-6 muxlis 13 nawilis amoqmedebis Semdeg 2 welze me-ti, xolo, Tavis mxriv, 2011 wlis 7 Tebervlidan 2016 wlis 01 ianvramde drois monakveTiaRemateboda 30 Tves. Sesabamisad, mxareTa Soris arsebuli SromiTi urTierToba gar-daiqmna uvado SromiT-samarTlebriv urTierTobad, rac gamoricxavda, xelSekrule-bis vadis gasvlis gamo, SromiTi xelSekrulebis Sewyvetis marTlzomierebas. aRniSnu-li sarCeli pirveli instanciiT dakmayofilda, xolo saapelacio sasamarTloSi uar-yofil iqna.72

aRsaniSnavia gadacdomasa da reagirebas Soris zomieri balansis daculobis proble-ma. erT-erT SromiT davaze qvemdgomi instanciis sasamarTloTa darRveva gamovlin-da.73 muSakis mxridan valdebulebis simZimis xarisxis Sefasebasa da disciplinuri Ro-nisZiebis araswor SerCevaSi (sSk-is 37-e muxlis pirveli nawilis `z~ qvepunqti). sarCe-li orive instanciis sasamarTlom uaryo. SromiT davaze, romelic samarTlebrivi ur-TierTobis calmxrivad moSlis Sesaxeb damsaqmeblis nebis baTilad cnobas, tolfas Ta-namdebobaze aRdgenasa da ganacduris anazRaurebas Seexeboda, sakasacio sasamarTlomaxali gadawyvetileba miiRo. pirveli da saapelacio instanciis sasamarTloebma sar-Celi dasabuTebulad miiCnies da daakmayofiles srulad, Tumca tolfas Tanamdeboba-ze aRdgenis moTxovnis Semaferxeblad ar miiCnies is faqti, rom am Tanamdebobaze kano-nierad iyo dasaqmebuli sxva piri. sakasacio sasamarTlom, sSk-is 38-e muxlis me-8 nawi-lis safuZvelze daadgina, rom mesame pirs aseve gaaCnda samsaxurebrivi poziciis Se-narCunebis interesi da am nawilSi miiCnia, rom nacvlad aRdgenisa, mosarCeleTa ufle-ba kompensaciis micemis gziT unda yofiliyo daculi.74

davaSi, romelSic, moTxovnas samsaxuridan gaTavisuflebis Sesaxeb brZanebis baTiladcnoba, tolfas Tanamdebobaze aRdgena da iZulebiTi ganacduris anazRaureba warmo-adgenda, pirveli instanciis sasamarTlom nawilobriv, xolo saapelacio sasamarTlomsrulad daakmayofila, sakasacio palatam tolfas Tanamdebobaze aRdgenisa da iZule-biTi ganacduris dakisrebis nawilSi sarCelis uaryofiT Secvala iuridiuli Sedegi.sakasacio palatam, sSk-is 38-e muxlis me-8 nawilidan gamomdinare, tolfasi samuSao Se-afasa rogorc funqciuri datvirTviT, ise Sromis anazRaurebis mxriv msgavsi Tanamde-boba. gansaxilvel SemTxvevaSi ki, mosarCelis mier moTxovnili Tanamdeboba rogorcfunqciurad, ise Sromis anazRaurebiT gansxvavebuli iyo mosarCelis mier gaTavisuf-lebamde dakavebuli Tanamdebobisgan. amasTan, sakasacio sasamarTlom aRniSnuli Ta-namdebobis tolfasad miCnevis pirobebSic SeuZleblad miiCnia mosarCelis aRdgena. amTvalsazrisiT, palatam yuradReba miaqcia im udavo garemoebas, rom saapelacio sasa-marTlos mier tolfasad miCneuli Tanamdeboba ar iyo vakanturi da igi mesame pirs kon-kursis wesiT hqonda dakavebuli, Sesabamisad, xsenebul poziciaze mosarCelis aRdge-niT Seilaxeboda am ukanasknelis uflebebi, romelic am Tanamdebobaze legitimuradiyo daniSnuli, rac damoukidebel safuZvels warmoadgenda imisTvis, rom sarCeli ko-ordinatoris _ rogorc tolfas Tanamdebobaze aRdgenis moTxovnaze uaryofiliyo.75

gamosacdeli vadis gasvlis Semdeg samsaxuridan gaTavisuflebis Sesaxeb brZanebis ba-



33

Tilad cnobis, samsaxurSi aRdgenisa da iZulebiTi ganacduris anazRaurebis moTxov-niT aRZrul davaze sakasacio sasamarTlom miiCnia, rom saapelacio sasamarTlom aras-worad ganmarta sSk-is me-9 muxlis Sinaarsi, sasamarTlom ar gaiziara saapelacio pa-latis daskvna, rom aRniSnuli muxlis Canaweri _ nebismier dros SromiTi urTierTo-bis Sewyvetis uflebis Sesaxeb , amave kodeqsis 37-e muxlSi CamoTvlil gaTavisuflebissafuZvlebs unda daukavSirdes. normis aseTi ganmarteba ar gamomdinareobs sSk-is arcme-9 da arc 37-e muxlebis Sinaarsidan da pirdapir ewinaaRmdegeba maT. sakasacio sasa-marTlom aRniSna, rom Tu sSk-is 37-e muxliT (SromiTi xelSekrulebis Sewyvetis safuZ-vlebi) gaTvaliswinebul safuZvlebze miTiTebisa da maTi damtkicebis tvirTs damsaq-mebels davakisrebdiT dasaqmebulTan gamosacdeli vadis dasrulebis Semdeg SromiTixelSekrulebis daudeblobis SemTxvevaSic, maSin gamosacdeli vada saerTod dakargav-da Tavis daniSnulebas. gamosacdeli vada ki is erTaderTi periodia, romlis ganmav-lobaSic kanonmdebelma damsaqmebels Tavisufleba mianiWa, ar gaagrZelos SromiTi ur-TierToba dasaqmebulTan, Tu miaCnia, rom igi ar Seesabameba Sesasrulebel samuSaos.amrigad, sakasacio sasamarTlom ganmarta, rom Sesasrulebel samuSaosTan piris Seu-sabamobaze ar SeiZleba gavrceldes mtkicebis is standarti, romelic gaTvaliswine-bulia sSk-is 37-e muxliT SromiTi urTierTobis Sewyvetisas. gamosacdeli vadiT da-debuli SromiTi xelSekrulebis Sewyvetis SemTxvevaze aseve ar vrceldeba am kanonis38-e muxliT gaTvaliswinebuli moTxovnebic, rac moicavs winaswari gafrTxilebis, kom-pensaciisa da SromiTi xelSekrulebis Sewyvetis safuZvlis werilobiTi dasabuTebisvaldebulebas.76

SromiT davaze sakasacio palatam darRvevebi daadgina ori mimarTulebiT: jer erTi,sakasacio palatam miaCnia, rom saqalaqo sasamarTlos ar daurRvevia saproceso samar-Tlis norma, rodesac imsjela SromiTi xelSekrulebis uvadod miCnevis sakiTxze davadis gasvlis safuZvliT gaTavisufleba ukanonod Seafasa (sSk-is me-6 muxlis 12 mux-li). vinaidan, mosarCelem sadavod gaxada sadavo brZaneba, mosarCelis moTxovnis Sina-arsis dadgena da moTxovnis samarTlebrivi safuZvlis moZieba sasamarTlos valdebu-lebad iqna miCneuli. Sesabamisad, xelSekrulebis vadis amowurvis faqtobrivi safuZ-vlis ararsebobasa da xelSekrulebis ganusazRvreli vadiT gagrZelebulad miCnevissakiTxze msjeloba moTxovnis farglebis darRvevad ar Sefasda (sssk-is me-3, me-4 da393.3 muxlebi). meorec, sakasacio palatam ganuxilvelad datova dazustebuli sarCe-li iZulebiTi ganacduris moTxovnis Sesaxeb, vinaidan sasamarTlos waredgina saqmisxelaxla pirvel instanciaSi dabrunebis Semdeg (sssk-is 83.2 muxli).77

amave safuZvliT sakasacio sasamarTlom ganixila kidev erTi SromiTi dava sadac da-adgina, rom saapelacio sasamarTlom mosarCelesa da mopasuxes Soris arasworad gaa-nawila mtkicebis tvirTi. aRniSnuli gamoixata imaSi, rom saapelacio palata sadavofaqtobrivi garemoebis (rom dasaqmebulebma ar Seasrules an arajerovnad SeasrulesmaTze dakisrebuli movaleobebi) dadgenisas daeyrdno mxolod mosarCeleTa (damsaq-meblebis) mier wardgenil mtkicebulebebs, kerZod, eleqtronuli formiT ganxorcie-lebul mimowerebs da, vinaidan aRniSnuli mimowerebi mopasuxem sadavo gaxada sxvadas-xva mizezTa gamo (mag.: sadavo mimowera ar aris ganxorcielebuli organizaciis el.fos-tiT, aRniSnuli werilebiT ar dasturdeba, vis mier an vis mimarT aris ganxorcielebu-li mimowera, warmodgenili dokumentacia ukavSirdeba sxva samarTlebriv urTierTo-bebs da periods, 2013 wlis maisi-ivnisis Tveebidan mosarCeleTa mier SromiTi movale-obebis Sesruleba ar miiCnia dadasturebulad, ramac arsebiTad imoqmeda saqmis gan-xilvis Sedegze (sasarCelo moTxovna saxelfaso davalianebis anazRaurebis Taobazear dakmayofilda).78

76 saqme #as-227-216-2017; #as-142-134-2017.77 saqme #as-1052-2018.78 saqme #as-366-340-2017.


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SromiT urTierTobaSi miyenebuli zianis anazRaurebis sakiTxebi

saqmeebze, romlebSic davis sagani sarCos gadaangariSeba iyo, ori instanciiT dakmayo-filebul sarCelze, sakasacio palatam Secvala iuridiuli Sedegi. sadavo SemTxveva-Si, marTalia, qvemdgomi instanciebi eyrdnobodnen sarCos gadaangariSebis mizans, Tum-ca, arasworad ganmartavdnen normas. am SemTxvevaSi, sakasacio palatam Seafasa ̀ Tu ro-demde iqneboda valdebuli marCenali, erCina mis kmayofaze myofi pirebi, rom ar dam-dgariyo zianis anazRaurebis mavaldebulebeli garemoeba~ (ssk-is 408-e muxli). miTi-Tebuli mizani palatam daukavSira piris aqtiuri Sromisunarianobis periods.79

sasamsaxuro (davalebis) xelSekruleba

saqmeze, romelic arasamewarmeo, arakomerciuli iuridiuli piris direqtoris gaTa-visuflebis brZanebis kanonierebas, mis samuSaoze aRdgenasa da ganacduris anazRau-rebas Seexeboda, pirveli da saapelacio instanciis sasamarTloebma sarCeli safuZvli-anad miiCnies da daakmayofiles Sromis kodeqsis normebze dayrdnobiT. sakasacio sasa-marTlos mxridan Secvlil iqna gadawyvetileba da axali gadawyvetilebiT uaryofiliqna sarCeli im dasabuTebiT, rom iuridiuli piris momwesrigebeli materialur-samar-Tlebrivi normebidan gamomdinare, masTan dadebuli xelSekruleba warmoadgenda araSromiT, aramed _ sasamsaxuro xelSekrulebas, romelic korporaciul-samarTlebriviTvalsazrisiT (gamweseba) korporaciul aqts warmoadgenda, xolo sawarmos mier dade-buli xelSekruleba yvelaze axlos davalebis maregulirebel normebTan idga, Sesaba-misad, moTxovnis safuZvelic ssk-Si unda yofiliyo moZiebuli. sakasacio palatam miu-TiTa ssk-is 720.1 muxlze da ganmarta, rom a(a)ip-is damfuZnebels (wesdebiT gaTvalis-winebul SemTxvevaSi, Sesabamis uflebamosil pirsa Tu organos) SeuZlia yovelgvarisafuZvlis gareSe nebismier dros Sewyvitos xelSekruleba xelmZRvanelTan da gamov-lenili neba mesame pirebis mimarT namdvili xdeba misi maregistrirebel organoSi re-gistraciis momentidan. garda amisa, sakasacio palatam daadgina, rom qvemdgomi sasa-marTloebis msjeloba, mocemul saqmeze gansxvavdeboda manamde arsebuli praqtikisa-gan.80

kreditorTa rigis gansazRvra gakotrebis saqmis ganxilvisas

gakotrebis saqmis warmoebis procesSi moTxovnis rigis gansazRvris sakiTxze sakasa-cio sasamarTlom axali gadawyvetilebiT uaryo rogorc pirveli instanciis, ise saa-pelacio sasamarTlos mosazreba sarCelis usafuZvlobis Taobaze da ganmarta, rom ga-mijvnas eqvemdebareba ̀ dazRvevis Sesaxeb~ saqarTvelos kanonis 334 muxlis me-9 punqtiTgansazRvruli me-5 da me-7 rigis kreditorTa moTxovnebis samarTlebrivi safuZvlebi.xsenebuli kanonis debulebaTa, rogorc sityvasityviTi, ise Teleologiuri ganmarte-bis Sedegad dgindeba, rom kanonmdeblis neba kreditorTa moTxovnebis rigis gansaz-Rvris Taobaze gamomdinareobs moTxovnis mqone subieqtTa interesebis mniSvnelobi-dan da principi imgvaria, rom jer kmayofildeba is moTxovnebi, romlebic SedarebiTufro arsebiTia da erTi rigis kreditorTa moTxovnebis srulad dakmayofilebis Sem-dgom, dRis wesrigSi dgeba Semdgomi rigis kreditorTa davalianebis gastumrebis sa-kiTxi. kanoni me-5 rigis kreditorad moiazrebs im moTxovnis uflebis mqone pirs, rom-lis mimarT arsebuli valdebuleba, yvela wina rigis dazRvevis xelSekrulebidan argamomdinareobs. SeiZleba iTqvas, rom me-5 rigis kreditorebad gvevlinebian pirebi,romlebic mzRvevelTan dazRvevis xelSekrulebidan gamomdinare imyofebodnen samar-Tlebriv urTierTobaSi, xolo yvela sxva danarCeni moTxovna (rogorc valdebulebi-Ti, ise kanonismieri, garda me-6 rigis moTxovnebisa), kanoniT dadgenili wesis Tanax-

79 saqme #as-424-397-2017.80 saqme #as-225-214-2017.


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mad, anazRaurdeba me-7 rigSi. amdenad, sakiTxi imis Taobaze, warmoadgens Tu ara mo-sarCele me-5 rigis kreditors, unda gadawydes mzRvevelTan misi samarTlebrivi kavSi-ris Sesabamisad.81

samewarmeo davebi

partniorTa krebis mowvevisa da dividendebis ganawilebis davaldebulebis Sesaxeb saq-meze sakasacio sasamarTlom arasworad miiCnia saapelacio sasamarTlos msjeloba imisTaobaze, rom vinaidan mosarCeles krebis mowvevis uflebamosilebiT ar usargeblia,ar ganusazRvravs dRis wesrigi da ar gaugzavnia igi partniorebisaTvis, sasamarTlosar aqvs ufleba Caerios sawarmos Sida-sameurneo saqmianobaSi da miiRos gadawyveti-leba mopasuxe kompaniaSi partniorTa krebis mowvevisa da dividendis ganawilebis Tao-baze. amave saqmeze sakasacio sasamarTlom daadgina saapelacio sasamarTlos mxridansssk-is 248-e muxlis darRveva, sakasacio palatam daaskvna, rom gasaCivrebuli gadaw-yvetilebis msjeloba faqtobrivad ar pasuxobda dazustebul sasarCelo moTxovnas,radgan mosarCele saqmis saapelacio wesiT ganxilvisas ar iTxovda 2013 wlis mogebisaucileblad ganawilebas, aramed mis moTxovnas Seadgenda 2013 wlis wliuri angariSisganxilva-damtkiceba da mxolod mogebis arsebobis SemTxvevaSi, misi dividendebis sa-xiT partniorebs Soris ganawileba-arganawilebis Taobaze gadawyvetilebis miReba. Se-sabamisad, sasamarTlom dazustebuli sasarCelo moTxovnis farglebisa da ̀ mewarmeTaSesaxeb~ saqarTvelos kanonis me-8 muxlis moTxovnaTa gaTvaliswinebiT daakmayofilasarCeli.82

sasamarTlo wesiT dividendis moTxovnis Sesaxeb sarCelze, romelic uaryofil iqna pir-veli instanciis sasamarTlos mier, sakasacio palatam axali gadawyvetileba gamoita-na. mocemul saqmeze saapelacio sasamarTlom daakmayofila sarCeli da xazi gausva imgaremoebas, rom partniorebi sazogadoebis kapitalSi flobdnen Tanabar wils. marTa-lia, partniorTa krebas dividendis ganawilebis sakiTxze gadawyvetileba ar hqonda mi-Rebuli, Tumca zemoxsenebuli mizezi saapelacio sasamarTlos daskvniT, partniorTakrebis diskreciaSi sasamarTlos SeWris SesaZleblobas adgenda. xsenebul saqmeze sa-kasacio sasamarTlom uaryo gasaCivrebuli gadawyvetilebis daskvnebi da dauSvebladmiiCnia sasamarTlos mier dividendis dakisrebis sakiTxi, miuxedavad partniorTa wi-lobrivi monacemebisa, amasTanave, msgavs SemTxvevaSi uflebis dacvis meqanizmebze mi-uTiTa.83

sakasacio palatam darRveva daadgina ̀ mewarmeTa Sesaxeb~ saqarTvelos kanonis 9.1 pun-qtis araswor gamoyenebaSi, saxeldobr, vinaidan sadavo iyo kompaniis sasargeblod yo-fili direqtorisaTvis Tanxis dakisreba (derivaciuli sarCeli), xolo sarCeli emya-reboda sazogadoebis xelmZRvanelobis periodSi direqtoris arakeTilsindisieri qme-debiT sazogadoebisTvis zianis miyenebas, rac gamoixateboda saqonlis dabal fasadgayidvasa (xelmZRvanelis mier materialuri uflebis gamoyeneba) da saqonlis gayid-vasTan dakavSirebul sasamarTlo davaze sarCelze uaris TqmaSi (xelmZRvanelis miersaproceso uflebis gankargva), sakasacio palatam xelmZRvanelis mier sawarmos saqon-lis nasyidobis safasuris dadgenasa da sadavo saproceso uflebis gankargvaze (sssk-is 272-e muxlis `g~ qvepunqti) gaavrcela korporaciuli marTvis procesSi `biznes ga-dawyvetilebis marTebulobis~ prezumfcia; aRniSnul davaSi pirveli instanciiT sar-Celi uaryofil iqna, saapelacio sasamarTloSi nawilobriv dakmayofilda, sakasaciopalatam ki, saapelacio sasamarTlos mier gansazRvruli zianis moculoba Seamcira ̀ me-warmeTa Sesaxeb~ saqarTvelos kanonis 9.1 punqtis safuZvelze.84

81 saqme #as-906-872-2016.82 saqme #as-552-527-2016.83 saqme #as-1141-2018.84 saqme #as-687-658-2016.


36

samewarmeo urTierTobidan gamomdinare davaSi, dadginda, rom sasamarTlom samarTleb-rivad arasworad Seafasa mxareTa Soris arsebuli urTierTobebi da, Sesabamisad, aras-rulyofilad daadgina am urTierTobidan gamomdinare moTxovnis faqtobrivi wanam-ZRvrebi, amasTan, arasworad gaanawila mxareebs Soris mtkicebis tvirTi da ar gamoik-vlia saqmis gadawyvetisTvis mniSvnelovani faqtobrivi garemoebebi, ramac saboloojamSi araswori gadawyvetilebis miReba ganapiroba, kerZod, sarCeli ise iqna uaryofi-li, rom gasaCivrebuli ganCinebiT ar gansazRvrula moTxovnis damfuZnebeli norma/normebi da, Sesabamisad, arc dasabuTebas ar Seicavda normiT gaTvaliswinebuli Sede-gis ganmapirobebeli winapirobebis ararsebobis Taobaze, saapelacio sasamarTlom uk-ritikod, sarCelis dasabuTebulobis Semowmebis ugulebelyofiT, gaiziara mopasuxisSedaveba partnioris sazogadoebidan ara garicxvis, aramed gasvlis Taobaze. mtkice-bulebebic Sefasda mxolod partnioris sazogadoebidan gasvlis WrilSi maSin, rode-sac am mtkicebulebebiT sadavo garemoebebi ar mtkicdeboda. saapelacio palatis das-kvnebi urTierTgamomricxveli da araTanmimdevruli iyo. sakasacio sasamarTlom miu-TiTa, rom erTi da imave partnioris erTdroulad sazogadoebidan gasvlac da garic-xvac dauSvebelia, ramdenadac gansxvavebulia maTi winapirobebi da procedura. sazo-gadoebidan gasvla partnioris erT-erTi mniSvnelovani uflebaa, romelic gulisxmobspartnioris nebayoflobiT gasvlas sazogadoebidan, xolo partnioris garicxva arismisi nebis sawinaaRmdego ukiduresi RonisZieba, rac dasaSvebia mxolod gansakuTre-bul SemTxvevaSi Sesabamisi samarTlebrivi winapirobebis ganxorcielebisas. Sesabami-sad, mxareTa Soris mtkicebis tvirTis sworad ganawilebis (sssk-is 102-e muxlis pirve-li nawili), sarCelsa da SesagebelSi miTiTebuli faqtobrivi safuZvlebis, ise maTi da-madasturebeli mtkicebulebebis srulyofilad gamokvlevisa da obieqturad Sefase-bis mizniT, saqme xelaxla gansaxilvelad daubruna saapelacio sasamarTlos.85

saavtoro davebi

saavtoro uflebaTa asociaciis mier aRZrul sarCelze, romelic mopasuxes ukrZalav-da asociaciis repertuars mikuTvnebuli nawarmoebebis Sesrulebas, sakasacio pala-tam ar gaiziara qvemdgomi instanciis sasamarTloebis daskvna sarCelis warmatebulo-bis Taobaze im dasabuTebiT, rom sarCelis moTxovna iyo bundovani. `saavtoro da mo-mijnave uflebebis Sesaxeb~ saqarTvelos kanoniT gaTvaliswinebuli prevenciis saSua-lebebi, marTalia, uflebis dacvas emsaxureboda, Tumca, mosarCele valdebuli iyo eda-va konkretuli da ara abstraqtuli uflebis darRvevaze. sakasacio sasamarTlom gan-marta, rom saqarTvelos konstituciiT aRiarebuli uflebis sasamarTlo wesiT dacvaar aris mimarTuli uflebis prevenciuli da/an abstraqtuli dacvisken, garda amisa,gaurkvevelia, ra formiT unda ganxorcieldes uflebis dacva, rodesac qvemdgomi sa-samarTloebis mier gadawyvetilebis sarezolucio nawili formirebul iqna imdenadbundovnad, rom SeuZlebelia imis garkveva, Tu romeli nawarmoebis Sesrulebis ufle-ba aekrZala mopasuxes.86

procesualur-samarTlebrivi sakiTxebi

procesis xarjebi

garda zemoxsenebulisa, mniSvnelovania sakasacio sasamarTlos is gadawyvetilebebi,romlebsac safuZvlad daedo saproceso samarTlis normaTa darRveva, magaliTad, moZ-ravi nivTebis vindicirebis Taobaze aRZrul sarCelze sakasacio palatam daadgina, rommoTxovna sworad dakmayofilda pirveli da saapelacio instanciis sasamarTloebis mi-er, Tumca, mflobelis sakasacio ganacxadi saproceso samarTlis normaTa darRvevis

85 saqme #as-201-201-2018.86 saqme #as-256-256-2018.


37

motiviT iqna daSvebuli. kasatori Cioda im garemoebaze, rom saapelacio sasamarTlomqonebis vindicirebisas, rodesac sadavo ar iyo masze sakuTrebis uflebis gadacema,davis sagnis Rirebuleba qonebis sabazro fasis Sesabamisad gansazRvra da mxares mou-wia saxelmwifo baJis saxiT soliduri Tanxis gadaxda. sakasacio sasamarTlom sssk-is41-e muxlis pirveli nawilis `k~ qvepunqtis safuZvelze ganmarta, rodesac mxare pre-tenzias acxadebs mopasuxis mxridan nivTiT/qonebiT ukanono sargeblobaze da moiT-xovs am qonebis misi mflobelobidan gamoTxovas imgvarad, rom sakuTrebaze ar davobs,swored 4 000 lariT gamoiTvleba davis sagnis Rirebuleba (SedarebisaTvis ix. amave nor-mis `b~ da `i~ qvepunqtebi), xolo amave kodeqsis 39-e muxli awesrigebda saxelmwifo ba-Jis odenobis sakiTxs da normis pirveli nawilis `b~ qvepunqtidan gamomdinare, saape-lacio saCivrisaTvis saxelmwifo baJis odenoba Seadgens davis sagnis Rirebulebis 4procents, magram aranakleb 150 larisa. gadawyvetilebis Tanaxmad, is faqti, rom xar-vezis dadgenis Sesaxeb ganCinebis pasuxad apelantma Seasrula sasamarTlos davalebada gadaixada baJi _ 7 000 lari, ver iqneba Semaferxebeli kasatoris moTxovnis dakmayo-filebisaTvis. sssk-is 389-e muxlis me-3 nawilis da 390-e muxlis me-4 nawilis Tanaxmad,gadawyvetilebis/ganCinebis sarezolucio nawili sxva sakiTxebTan erTad, unda Seicav-des sasamarTlos daskvnas sasamarTlo xarjebis ganawilebis Taobaze, rac imas niSnavs,rom saapelacio sasamarTlom Semajamebeli aqtis miRebisas moTxovnis materialur na-wilTan erTad unda imsjelos sasamarTlo xarjebis sakiTxzec.87

saproceso xarjebis (sasamarTlo xarji _ saxelmwifo baJi) ganawilebis darRveva dad-ginda erT saqmeze,88 rac ganapiroba im garemoebam, rom saapelacio sasamarTlom mxare-Ta Soris xarjebis ganawilebisas ar gaiTvaliswina saapelacio saCivris mxolod nawi-lobrivi dakmayofilebis iuridiuli Sedegi (sssk-is 37-e, 53-e muxlebi).

mtkicebulebaTa Sefaseba

ukanono mflobelobidan qonebis gamoTxovis, xelSekrulebis Sewyvetilad aRiarebisada Tanxis dakisrebis Sesaxeb davaze sakasacio sasamarTlom daaskvna, rom saapelaciosasamarTlom materialuri normiT gansazRvruli dasaSvebi mtkicebulebis _ fuladivaldebulebis Sesrulebis damadasturebeli dokumentis ugulebelyofiT priorite-ti mianiWa mowmeTa Cvenebebs. amasTan, aRniSnuli Cvenebebic Seafasa sssk-is 105-e mux-lis me-2 nawiliT gansazRvruli mtkicebulebaTa Sefasebis wesis darRveviT da saqmearasworad gadawyvita.89

rwmunebulisTvis gasamrjelos gadaxdis sakiTxze sakasacio sasamarTlom mowmeTa Cve-nebebis Seswavlis Sedegad, miiCnia, rom saapelacio sasamarTlom yovelmxriv, sruladda obieqturad ar gamoikvlia mopasuxis mier sadavod gamxdari mowmeTa Cvenebebi, risSedegadac arasworad miiCnia dadgenilad davalebis xelSekrulebiT gaTvaliswinebu-li moqmedebebis Sesrulebis faqti (sssk-is 105-e muxli), sakasacio palatis daskvniT,mtkicebulebaTa araswori Sefasebis gamo, ar arsebobda sarCelis dakmayofilebis sa-fuZveli.90

msgavsi tipis saqmeSi (saadvokato momsaxurebis Rirebulebis anazRaureba), sadac sa-davo iyo mopasuxisaTvis saadvokato momsaxurebis Rirebulebis anazRaurebis dakis-rebis marTebuloba, sakasacio sasamarTlom miiCnia, rom Tanxis dakisreba, rogorc iu-ridiuli Sedegi, damokidebuli iyo samarTlebrivad mniSvnelovani Semdegi faqtebisdadgenaze: daido Tu ara mxareTa Soris zepiri xelSekruleba da ra pirobebiT? mosar-Cele mxaris mtkicebis tvirTs warmoadgenda konkretuli pirobebiT mxareTa Soris sa-

87 saqme #as-969-934-2016.88 saqme #as-923-2018.89 saqme #as-970-935-2016.90 saqme #as-497-477-2016.


38

xelSekrulebo urTierTobis arsebobis faqtis dadastureba, rac man ver SeZlo saTa-nado da sarwmuno mtkicebulebebis wardgenis gziT (sssk-is 102-e muxli). saapelaciosasamarTlos mier miTiTebul mtkicebulebebsa da am mtkicebulebebis safuZvelze dad-genil faqtebs Soris ki ar ikveTeboda urTierTkavSiri, rac Sedegis (sarCeli dakmayo-filda) gauqmebis safuZvels qmnida.91

sakasacio palatam saqmeze samarTlebrivi Sedegi Secvala mtkicebis specialuri stan-dartisa da saproceso samarTalSi prezumfciebis moqmedebis Sedegad _ sadavo nivTismflobels daakisra ra ssk-is 158-e muxliT gaTvaliswinebuli kanonismieri varaudi mar-Tlzomieri mflobelobis warmoSobisa (bazisi mflobelobisa), am prezumfciis gauqar-wylebloba safuZvlad daedo nivTis vindicirebas.92

Tanxis dakisrebis Sesaxeb sarCeli, romelic sakasacio sasamarTlom, praqtikasTan wi-naaRmdegobis safuZvliT ganixila, ganmarta, rom saapelacio sasamarTlom arasworadgansazRvra mtkicebis tvirTi da mosarCeles daakisra imaze metis mtkicebis valdebu-leba, rac mas procesualurad ekisreboda, ris Sedegadac arasworad iqna dadgenili,rom mosarCelem ver SeZlo sakuTari mtkicebis tvirTis realizeba. mosarCelis mxaresmtkicebis tvirTis xelaxla gadatana mopasuxis mxridan mxolod kvalificiuri uaryo-fis pirobebSi iqneboda marTebuli, anu im SemTxvevaSi, Tu mopasuxe SesagebelSi Tanxe-bis miRebis raime safuZvelze miuTiTebda, xolo im pirobebSi, rodesac mxaris mier arak-valificiuri Sesageblis wardgenis gamo, ver iqna gaqarwylebuli mxareTa Soris sases-xo urTierTobebis arsebobis prezumfcia, sakasacio sasamarTlom safuZvlianad miiC-nia sarCeli sasesxo urTierTobebidan gamomdinare moTxovnis dakmayofilebis Sesaxeb.93

aRiarebiTi sarCeli

giravnobis xelSekrulebis baTilad cnobis Sesaxeb davaze, miuxedavad imisa, rom vlin-deboda saproceso samarTlis normebis arsebiTi darRveva, saapelacio sasamarTlompirveli instanciis sasamarTlos gadawyvetileba ise datova ZalaSi, rom ar imsjela,ramdenad dasaSvebi iyo aRiarebiTi sarCeli. sinamdvileSi, sarCelSi aRniSnuli iyo, romdavis dawyebis mizani qonebrivi danaklisis Tavidan acileba da, aqedan gamomdinare,mopasuxis sasargeblod registrirebuli giravnobis uflebis gauqmeba iyo. marTalia,gansaxilvel SemTxvevaSi, saapelacio sasamarTlom sworad gamoiyena sssk-is 380-e mux-lis pirveli nawilis danawesi da daadgina axali faqtobrivi garemoeba, Tumca, am faq-tTan mimarTebiT, ar Seamowma sarCelis gamarTuloba (dasabuTebuloba). gamarTulo-bis Semowmebisas mas unda ganexila da pasuxi gaeca im sakiTxze, Tu ra surda mosar-Celes. saproceso ekonomiis principidan gamomdinare, sasamarTlos am ukanaskne-lisTvis unda mieca sarCelSi miTiTebuli garemoebebis dazustebisa da sasarCelomoTxovnis dakonkretebis saSualeba (sssk-is 83-e muxlis meoTxe nawili), radganacam SemTxvevaSi garigebebis baTiloba ara damoukidebel moTxovnas, aramed mikuT-vnebiTi moTxovnis (magaliTad, gadacemulis usafuZvlo gamdidrebis wesebis Ta-naxmad ukan dabruneba) winapirobas warmoadgenda. sakasacio palatam miiCnia, romsaqmis xelaxali ganxilvis dros saapelacio sasamarTlos TviTon unda gamoekvlia,Tu ra saxis mikuTvnebiTi moTxovna SeiZleba, gaaCndes mosarCeles mopasuxis mi-marT da mas Semdeg, rac mosarCele sarCelis garemoebebsa da moTxovnas daazus-tebda, unda daedgina romeli samarTlis normidan an normebidan SeiZleba gamom-dinareobdes amgvari moTxovna (saxelSekrulebo Tu kanonismieri) da Sesrulebu-lia Tu ara im samarTlebrivi Sedegis ganmapirobebeli yvela faqtobrivi wanamZRva-ri, romlis miRwevac mosarCeles surs.94



39

ori instanciiT arsebiTad ganxilul ramdenime saqmeze,95 sadac sarCeli, marTalia, uar-yofili iyo, Tumca moTxovnis damadasturebel garemoebaTa mtkicebis SeuZleblobissaproceso-samarTlebrivi safuZvliT (sssk-is me-4, 102-e, 105-e muxlebi) sakasacio pa-latam daadgina saproceso-samarTlebrivi normebis darRveva, saxeldobr, vinaidan aR-Zruli iyo aRiarebiTi sarCeli, davis mimarT marTlzomieri iuridiuli interesis ar-seboba, romelic ganekuTvneba samarTlis sakiTxs sasamarTlos Tavisi iniciativiT un-da Seemowmebina (ssk-is 178. 1. `l~; 186-e da 180-e muxlebi).

sarCelis formalur safuZvlianobasTan dakavSirebiT, mniSvnelovania, aRiniSnos aRi-arebiTi sarCelis dasaSvebobaze dava. mocemul saqmeze sakasacio sasamarTlom saape-lacio sasamarTlos saqme xelaxla gansaxilvelad daubruna, im dasabuTebiT, rom saa-pelacio sasamarTlom daadgina saqmis gadasawyvetad mniSvnelovani yvela faqtobrivigaremoeba, Tumca mosarCelis moTxovnidan gamomdinare, ar Seamowma sarCelis gamar-Tuloba (dasabuTebuloba), ra drosac sasamarTlos unda Seemowmebina, Tu ra surdamosarCeles. marTlmsajulebis efeqturoba mis saproceso ekonomiaSic gamoixateba daswored am principidan gamomdinare, sasamarTlos mosarCelisaTvis SekiTxvebis meSve-obiT unda mieca sasarCelo moTxovnis dakonkretebis (dazustebis) SesaZlebloba (sssk-is 83-e muxlis meoTxe nawili), radganac am SemTxvevaSi, moTxovnili aqtebis baTiloba,savaraudod, imis winapirobas warmoadgenda, risi miRwevac mosarCeles surda, amasTan,unda aRiniSnos, rom sarCelis dazusteba, moTxovnis gamarTulad Camoyalibeba ar war-moadgens im SemTxvevas, romelic dadgenilia sssk-is 381-e muxliT da dauSveblad miiC-nevs saapelacio samarTalwarmoebis etapze davis sagnis Secvlas an gadidebas.96

erT-erT saqmeze saapelacio sasamarTlom daadgina saqmis gadasawyvetad mniSvnelova-ni yvela faqtobrivi garemoeba, Tumca mosarCelis moTxovnidan gamomdinare, ar Sea-mowma sarCelis gamarTuloba (dasabuTebuloba). saapelacio sasamarTlos unda Seemow-mebina, ramdenad iyo SesaZlebeli mikuTvnebiTi moTxovnis dayeneba anu _ ara arsebulifaqtobrivi garemoebebis an axali mtkicebulebebis wardgenis/miTiTebis gziT, aramedukve dadgenili faqtobrivi garemoebebis mixedviT, raTa mosarCelem miaRwios misTvissasurvel iuridiul Sedegs, romelic aRsrulebadi iqneba (sssk-is 180-e muxli).97

saproceso samarTlis normaTa darRvevaze msjelobisas gamorCeulad unda aRiniSnosis aRiarebiTi sarCelebi, romlebic kanonis Tanaxmad, ar iyo dasaSvebi, Tumca pirvelida saapelacio instanciebis sasamarTloebis mier am tipis dauSvebeli sarCelebi arsebi-Tad iqna ganxiluli. sakasacio sasamarTlom araerT ganCinebaSi ganmarta sssk-is 180-emuxlis winapirobebi da aRiarebiTi sarCelis dasaSvebobis kriteriumebi.98

sarCelis uzrunvelyofa

materialur-samarTlebrivi normebis darRvevisa da moTxovnis ganmapirobebeli safuZ-vlebis arasworad Sefaseba-dadgenis mizniT sakasacio sasamarTlom gaauqma saapela-cio sasamarTlos ganCineba, romliTac gaziarebul iqna sarCelis uaryofis Sesaxeb pir-veli instanciis sasamarTlos daskvna. mocemul saqmeze davis sagans sarCelis uzrun-velyofis gaumarTleblobiT miyenebuli zianis anazRaureba warmoadgenda da mosar-Cele zianis faqts ZiriTadad imas ukavSirebda, rom uzrunvelyofis saganze yadaRisdadebamde mas hqonda gaformebuli winare nasyidobis xelSekruleba, romelic be-Tiiyo uzrunvelyofili. pirveli da saapelacio instanciis sasamarTloebis daskvna em-

95 saqme #as-437-409-2017; #as-932-872-2017; #as-196-185-2017; #as-623-582-2017; #as-324-307-2017; #as-747-699-2017.

96 saqme #as-595-554-2017.97 saqme #as-1509-1429-2017, #as-921-2018.98 saqme #as-833-779-2017; #as-597-597-2018; #as-949-885-2017; #as-523-489-2017; #as-1248-1168-

2017; #as-271-271-2018; #as-320-303-2017; #as-1151-1071-2017; #as-1357-1277-2017; #as-1393-1313-2017; #as-486-454-2017; #as-50-50-2018.


40

yareboda im faqtors, rom uZrav nivTze dadebuli winare nasyidobis xelSekrulebisnamdviloba misi sajaro reestrSi registraciiT ganisazRvreboda. vinaidan registra-cia, rogorc forma ar iyo daculi, misi uzrunvelyofis saSualeba aseve marTlsawi-naRmdegod iqna miCneuli. sakasacio palatam upirvelesad ganmarta, rom gansaxilvelikategoriis saqmeebi deliqturi valdebulebis specialur saxes warmoadgens da mas are-gulirebs ara deliqtis momwesrigebeli zogadi normebi, aramed _ sssk-is 199-e muxli,garda amisa, sakasacio palatam ganmarta mtkicebis tvirTis mxareTa Soris ganawilebiswesi da is faqti, rom sajaro reestrSi registracia ar warmoadgens garigebis formas,am ukanasknel SemTxvevasTan mimarTebiT, palatam miuTiTa manamde damkvidrebul praq-tikazec, romlisganac gansxvavdeboda pirveli da saapelacio instanciis sasamarTlo-ebis msjeloba.99

dauswrebeli gadawyvetileba

erT-erT saqmeSi sakasacio sasamarTlom saapelacio sasamarTlos dauswrebeli gadaw-yvetileba da dauswrebeli gadawyvetilebis ZalaSi datovebis Sesaxeb ganCineba gaauq-ma da sarCeli nawilobriv ar daakmayofila. aRniSnul saqmeSi pirveli instanciis sasa-marTlom sarCeli ar daakmayofila, Tumca Tbilisis saapelacio sasamarTloSi daus-wrebeli gadawyvetileba iqna miRebuli mowinaaRmdege mxaris arasapatio mizeziT sxdo-maze gamoucxadeblobis gamo. sasarCelo moTxovnis iuridiuli gamarTulobis Tval-sazrisiT, sakasacio sasamarTlom miiCnia, rom saapelacio saCivris safuZvlebi da pre-tenziebi jerovnad ar Seumowmebia saapelacio sasamarTlos.100

mopasuxis gamoucxadeblobis motiviT dauswrebeli gadawyvetilebis gamotanisas gan-marta Tu ras warmoadgens kanonis ZaliT dadgenili faqtebisa da moTxovnis urTier-TmimarTebiT sarCelis iuridiuli safuZvlianobis Sefaseba. mocemuli dava Seexebodasatransporto eqspediciis xelSekrulebiT gaTvaliswinebuli proviziisa da am val-debulebis darRvevis gamo pirgasamtexlos dakisrebas. sakasacio sasamarTlom aRniS-na, rom sarCelSi gadmocemuli faqtebi ar iZleoda xelSekrulebis werilobiT dade-bulad miCnevis SesaZleblobas, ssk-is 418.2 muxlis Sesabamisad ki, pirgasamtexlos moT-xovna iyo dauSvebeli, Sesabamisad, palatam nawilobriv gaauqma saapelacio sasamar-Tlos ganCineba, romliTac pirgasamtexlos dakisrebis Taobaze dauswrebeli gadaw-yvetileba ZalaSi iyo datovebuli.101

xelaxla gansaxilvelad dabrunebul saqmeSi, sakasacio palatam darRveulad miiCnia sa-xazino advokatis daniSvnis Sesaxeb Suamdgomlobis ganxilvis wesi. kerZod, sakasacio pa-latis daskvniT, Suamdgomlobis ganxilva mizanSewonili iyo sasamarTlo sxdomamde, rad-ganac Suamdgomlobaze pasuxis Sesaxeb mxare informirebuli unda yofiliyo dadgeniliwesiT, Suamdgomlobis sxdomaze ganxilvisa da uaryofis SemTxvevaSi ki, uzrunvelyofi-liyo saqmis ganxilvis gadadeba, radgan apelants gonivruli vada unda hqonoda, TavadmoeZia warmomadgeneli. Sesabamisad, sasamarTlom mxaris mier sxdomis TviTneburad mi-tovebis safuZvliT miRebuli dauswrebeli gadawyvetileba, aramarTlzomierad miiCnia.dadginda, rom mocemul saqmeze mxareTa Tanasworobis principi dairRva.102

ganmeorebiTi dauswrebeli gadawyvetilebis marTlzomierebis Semowmebisas sakasaciosasamarTlom miiCnia, rom Sesamowmebeli iyo saapelacio saCivarSi miTiTebuli gare-moebebis saapelacio saCivris moTxovnasTan iuridiuli marTebuloba (sssk-is 230-e da387-e muxlebi).103



41

dauswrebeli gadawyvetilebis gamotanis/ZalaSi datovebis Sesaxeb ganCinebis kanonie-rebasTan mimarTebiT, sakasacio sasamarTlom saapelacio sasamarTlos ganCineba gaa-uqma da pirveli instanciis sasamarTlos dauswrebeli gadawyvetileba/misi ZalaSi da-tovebis Sesaxeb ganCineba ZalaSi datova, radgan ar gaiziara saapelacio sasamarTlosSefaseba imis Sesaxeb, rom arsebobda dauswrebeli gadawyvetilebis gauqmebisa da saq-miswarmoebis ganaxlebisaTvis sssk-is 233-e muxlis pirveli nawilis ̀ b~ qvepunqtiT gaT-valiswinebuli safuZveli. sakasacio sasamarTlos daskvniT, saqmis masalebiT ar das-turdeboda dauZleveli Zalis an sxva movlenis arseboba, ramac mxaris sasamarTloSidroulad gamocxadebas xeli SeuSala.104

xelaxla gansaxilvelad dabrunebul saqmeTa Soris aRsaniSnavia mxaris gamoucxadeb-lobis motiviT miRebuli dauswrebeli gadawyvetilebebic. sakasacio palatam miiCnia,rom sssk-is 215.3 da 102-e muxlebis safuZvelze jerovnad ar iyo gamokvleuli sasamar-Tlo procesze gamocxadebis SeuZleblobis argumentad warmodgenili avadmyofobiscnobis (forma 100) iuridiuli Sinaarsi; saapelacio sasamarTlo miiCnevda, rom vinai-dan msgavsi Sinaarsis dokumenti sxva drosac warmoadgina mxarem, saxeze iyo qroniku-li daavadeba, rac sxdomis gadadebis SemTxvevaSic daabrkolebda mxaris sxdomaze ga-mocxadebas. sakasacio palatam daadgina saproceso darRveva sssk-is 233-e, 241-e 215.3,105-e muxlebis safuZvelze, radgan miiCnia, rom pacients daesva diagnozi _ hiperto-nuli krizi, romelic ar aris qronikuli daavadeba, cnoba gaica konkretulad sxdomisdRes da asaxavda swored sadavo momentisaTvis mopasuxis aradamakmayofilebel jan-mrTelobis mdgomareobas.105

Setyobineba-dabarebis wesis darRvevis motiviT, sakasacio sasamarTlom ramdenime saq-meze gaauqma saapelacio sasamarTlos mier miRebuli dauswrebeli gadawyvetileba dasaqme imave sasamarTlos xelaxla gansaxilvelad daubruna, im saproceso darRvevis ga-mo, rom mxares, saqmis saapelacio ganxilvis etapze Setyobineba, sssk-is 70-78-e muxle-biT dadgenili wesiT, ar miuRia.106

mniSvnelovania saqme dauswrebeli gadawyvetilebis gamotanis Taviseburebis Sesaxeb.mopasuxis mier Sesageblis warmoudgenlobis gamo sarCelSi miTiTebuli faqtobrivigaremoebebi damtkicebulad miiCneva, saapelacio sasamarTlos Tavadac SeeZlo aRniS-nuli faqtobrivi garemoebebi samarTlebrivad Seefasebina da gamoetana saqmeze sabo-loo gadawyvetileba. Sesabamisad, sakasacio palatam daaskvna, rom saapelacio sasamar-Tlom sssk-is 230-e muxlis darRveviT damtkicebulad CaTvala iseTi faqtobrivi gare-moeba, romelzec Tavad mosarCeles ar miuTiTebia da amis Sedegad gamoitana samarTleb-rivad araswori daskvna.107

Setyobineba-dabarebis saproceso wesebis darRvevis motiviT gauqmda aseve saapela-cio sasamarTlos ganCineba, romeliTac ZalaSi iyo datovebuli pirveli instanciis sa-samarTlos mier Sesageblis Seutanlobis gamo miRebuli dauswrebeli gadawyvetilebada ganCineba am gadawyvetilebis ZalaSi datovebis Taobaze. sakasacio ssamarTlom da-adgina, rom qvemdgomi sasamarTloebis mier arasworad ganimarta sssk-is 241-e muxli.108

inkviziciuroba samoqalaqo procesSi

saojaxo samarTlidan gamomdinare saqmeTa umravlesobaSi, romlebic arsebiTad iq-na ganxiluli sakasacio sasamarTlos mxridan, rogorc pirveli instanciis, ise sa-

104 saqme #as-385-358-2017.105 saqme #as-1078-998-2017.106 saqme #as-553-528-2016; #as-1188-1148-2016; #as-381-354-2017; #as-1108-1065-2016.107 saqme #as-825-791-2016.108 saqme #as-105-105-2018.


42

apelacio sasamarTlom darRveulad miiCnia sssk-is 105-e, 354-e da 380-e muxlebi.saqmeze, sadac davis sagans SvilTan/SviliSvilTan urTierTobis wesis dadgena (Ziri-Tad sarCelSi), mamobis gauqmeba, dabadebis saaqto CanawerSi cvlilebis Setana (Segebe-bul sarCelSi) warmoadgenda, sakasacio sasamarTlom xazi gausva im faqts, rom davaSi,romelic arasrulwlovnis interesebis gamorkvevas Seexeboda, sasamarTlo aRWurvi-li iyo inkviziciurobis elementebiT da ar iyo SezRuduli, maT Soris saapelacio gan-xilvis etapze mieRo axali mtkicebulebebi.109

bavSvTan urTierTobis wesis dadgenis Sesaxeb erT-erT davaze, romelzec davis saganiaseve SvilTan urTierTobis wesis dadgena iyo, rogorc pirveli, ise saapelacio sasa-marTlos mier dadginda, rom mamas urTierToba unda hqonoda SvilTan da ganisazRvraam urTierTobis konkretuli wesi. sakasacio sasamarTlom yuradReba gaamaxvila de-dis imgvar Sedavebaze, romlis Tanaxmadac, mama moixmarda fsiqotropul nivTierebebs,xolo saapelacio sasamarTlom am faqtis mtkiceba daakisra faqtis mimTiTebel mxa-res. sakasacio palatis daskvniT, im pirobebSic ki, Tu sadavo garemoebis mtkicebis val-debulebas davakisrebdiT dedas, mainc ar iarsebebda saapelacio sasamarTlos samar-Tlebrivi daskvnebis gaziarebis winapiroba, radganac dedas dauwesdeboda mtkicebisimgvarad maRali standarti, romlis daZlevasac igi ver SeZlebda (`pacientis uflebe-bis Sesaxeb~ saqarTvelos kanonis me-17 muxlis pirveli punqtis `a~ qvepunqti da 27-emuxli). garda amisa, sakasacio palatam mocemul davaSi bavSvis saukeTeso interesebisfarglebSi kvlevis sagnad miiCnia mamis Sedaveba, romliTac is eWvqveS ayenebda bavSvTanbiologiur kavSirs.110

bavSvis saukeTeso interesebis dadgenis Sesaxeb davaze mtkicebulebaTa arasruli ga-mokvlevis motiviT sakasacio sasamarTlom saqme saapelacio sasamarTlos daubrunaxelaxla gansaxilvelad. sakasacio palatam daadgina, rom saapelacio sasamarTlomarasworad datova ucvlelad pirveli instanciis sasamarTlos gadawyvetileba, im pi-robebSi, roca bavSvis saukeTeso interesebi gamokvleuli ar yofila.111

sxva saproceso darRvevebi

erT-erT saqmeze sakasacio sasamarTlom miuTiTa im garemoebaze, rom pirveli instan-ciis sasamarTlos mxridan menardis sarCeli SemkveTisaTvis Tanxis dakisrebis Taoba-ze nawilobriv _ 23 874 laris dakisrebis nawilSi dakmayofilda, amave gadawyvetile-biT menardes uari eTqva nardobis samarTlebrivi urTierTobidan gamomdinare Semkve-TisaTvis 63 165 laris, aseve, miuRebeli Semosavlis _ 9 078 laris dakisrebaze. saqala-qo sasamarTlos xsenebuli gadawyvetileba saapelacio wesiT mxolod menardem gaasa-Civra da saapelacio ganacxadis moculoba, bunebrivia, apelantis sasargeblod gamo-tanil gadawyvetilebas ar ukavSirdeboda. miTiTebuli garemoebebidan gamomdinare,udavoa, rom sarCelis dakmayofilebis nawilSi gadawyvetileba, sssk-is 264-e muxlispirveli nawilis `b~ qvepunqtis Sesabamisad Sevida kanonier ZalaSi. saapelacio pala-tam 63 165 laris mopasuxisaTvis dakisrebis nawilSi safuZvlianad miiCnia ra apelan-tis moTxovna, igi gascda saapelacio saCivris farglebs (sssk-is 377-e (1) da 384-e mux-lebi) da axali gadawyvetilebiT SemkveTs daakisra maT Soris is Tanxa, rac mas kanonierZalaSi Sesuli gadawyvetilebiT ukve dakisrebuli hqonda, Sesabamisad, am nawilSi ar-sebobda gasaCivrebuli gadawyvetilebis gauqmebis absoluturi safuZveli. xsenebulgadawyvetilebaSi sakasacio sasamarTlom ganmarta kidev erTi procesualuri sakiTxi:aRiarebis mniSvneloba saqmis ganxilvisas, amgvar aRiarebas mohyveba procesualur-sa-marTlebrivi Sedegi, Tuki mxare mas ar gaaqarwylebs (sssk-is 131-e da 133-e muxlebi).112



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sarCos anazRaurebis moTxovniT aRZruli sarCeli pirveli da meore instanciis sasa-marTloebma nawilobriv daakmayofiles. sakasacio sasamarTlom gaiziara qvemdgomi in-stanciis sasamarTloebis mier dadgenili faqtobrivi garemoebebi da miiCnia, rom maTsworad gansazRvres mosarCelis sasargeblod dasakisrebeli Tanxis odenoba, Tumcaarasworad ganisazRvra im pirTa wre, romlebsac mosarCelis winaSe pasuxi unda egoT.swored am ukanaskneli safuZvliT Secvala sakasacio palatam gasaCivrebuli ganCinebada sarCelis nawilobriv dakmayofilebiT, mopasuxeebad dasaxelebuli TiToeuli pi-ris solidaruli pasuxismgebloba daadgina, `mewarmeTa Sesaxeb~ saqarTvelos kanonisme-14 muxlis me-6 punqtis safuZvelze, romlis meore abzacis mixedviTac, gayofis Se-degad warmoqmnili sawarmoebi solidarulad ageben pasuxs Tavdapirveli sawarmos ga-yofamde arsebul valdebulebebze (Tavdapirveli sawarmos gayofis Sesaxeb gadawyve-tilebis miRebisa da am gadawyvetilebis sajaro reestrSi registraciis droisaTvis`mewarmeTa Sesaxeb~ saqarTvelos kanonis 1999 wlis 9 ivnisis #2073-II moqmedi redaq-cia).113

erT saqmeSi, pirvelma da meore instanciis sasamarTloebma, miuxedavad mopasuxeebismier mosamzadebel sxdomaze sarCelis nawilobriv cnobisa, mosarCelis moTxovna sru-lad uaryves. sarCelis cnobis proporciulad uzenaesma sasamarTlom axali gadawyve-tilebiT srulad gaiziara kasatoris pretenzia sarCelis cnobis institutTan dakav-SirebiT da daakmayofila igi.114

sakasacio sasamarTlom aseve daadgina, rom saapelacio sasamarTlo gascda saapela-cio saCivris farglebs da mopasuxisaTvis dakisrebuli Tanxa im nawilSic Seamcira, ranawilSic saapelacio pretenzia ar yofila wardgenili. sakasacio sasamarTlos axaligadawyvetilebiT miTiTebuli saproceso darRvevis uaryofis gziT Seicvala gasaCiv-rebuli gadawyvetileba.115 moTxovnis faqtobrivi farglebis darRvevis TvalsazrisiT,mniSvnelovania SvilTan urTierTobis wesis gansazRvris Sesaxeb saqme. sakasacio sasa-marTlom daadgina, rom saapelacio sasamarTlo moTxovnis farglebs gascda, mamismdgomareoba, bavSvis naxvis drosTan mimarTebiT, imgvarad gaauaresa, rasac apelantismowinaaRmdege mxarec ki ar eTanxmeboda.116

saaRsrulebo furcelSi cvlilebis Setanis Sesaxeb davaze sakasacio palatam saape-lacio sasamarTlos mxridan sssk-is 106-e muxlis darRveva daadgina, sakasacio sa-samarTlom daaskvna, rom saapelacio sasamarTlom kanonier ZalaSi Sesuli gadaw-yvetilebiT preiudiciuli wesiT dadgenilad miiCnia iseTi faqtebi, romlebic rea-lurad ar yofila dadgenili kanonier ZalaSi Sesuli gadawyvetilebiT, rasac Sede-gad mohyva araswori samarTlebrivi daskvna sarCelis usafuZvlobis Taobaze.117

saqmis pirveli instanciis sasamarTlosaTvis xelaxla gansaxilvelad dabrunebis sa-fuZvlad sakasacio sasamarTlom ar miiCnia saxelSekrulebo urTierTobis samarTleb-rivi kvalifikaciis sakiTxi. davis sagans Sesrulebuli samuSaos Rirebulebis anazRa-ureba warmoadgenda. sakasacio palatis daskvniT, sarCelsa da SesagebelSi miTiTebu-li garemoebebis Sefasebis Sedegad saapelacio sasamarTlos SeeZlo Tavad gadaeWrasakiTxi imis Taobaze, mxareTa Soris arsebobda SromiTi Tu nardobis samarTlebriviurTierToba. sakasacio sasamarTlom mimoixila am or urTierTobas Soris ganmasxvave-beli niSnebi (mxareTa Tanasworoba an daqvemdebarebuli Sroma, organizaciuli mowes-rigeba da sxva, ssk-is 629-e da sSk-is 2.1 muxlebi) da saqme xelaxla gansaxilvelad daub-runa saapelacio sasamarTlos.118

113 saqme #as-118-110-2017.114 saqme #as-170-159-2017.115 saqme #as-2-2-2017.116 saqme #as-159-149-2017.117 saqme #as-684-655-2016.118 saqme #as-1132-1088-2016.


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zepiri formiT dadebuli moZravi qonebis nasyidobis xelSekrulebidan gamomdinaresafasuris dakisrebis saqmeze, sakasacio palatam ar gaiziara saapelacio sasamarTlosdaskvna, rom moTxovnis uaryofis winapiroba sarCelis formaluri gaumarTaoba iyo.sakasacio palatam miuTiTa saqmeSi mxaris mier wardgenil Suamdgomlobebze, romle-biTac igi samive instanciis sasamarTlosagan moiTxovda saqmis masalebis moZiebas. ammxriv, saqmeSi ar moipoveboda samarTalwarmoebis Semajamebeli aqtebi, romliTac mxa-res uari eTqva saqmis masalebis gamoTxovaze an dadgindeboda maTi dakargvis faqti.saapelacio sasamarTlom ki, mxolod mosarCelis winaaRmdegobriv poziciaze miTiTe-biT miiCnia, rom sarCeli iyo formalurad dausabuTebeli da ar ucdia imis garkveva,mosarCele Tavisi ara erTi gancxadebiT xom ar moiTxovda sssk-is 3511-3516 muxlebiTgaTvaliswinebuli saSualebiT sargeblobas (dakarguli saqmis warmoebis aRdgena). ammxriv mniSvnelobis mqone mtkicebulebebad SeiZleboda miCneuliyo, rogorc quTaisissaqalaqo sasamarTlos dauswrebeli gadawyvetileba (sadac saubaria sarCelSi miTi-Tebuli konkretuli faqtebis dadgenilad miCnevis winapirobebze), ise _ quTaisis sa-olqo sasamarTlos samoqalaqo, samewarmeo da gakotrebis saqmeTa saapelacio palatisganCineba. sakasacio sasamarTlos miTiTebiT, saapelacio palatam mopasuxis sityvieriganmarteba Sesrulebis gziT valdebulebis Sewyvetis Taobaze miiCnia dausabuTeblad(ssk-is 429-e muxli) da miuTiTa Sesrulebis mtkicebis tvirTis mxareTa Soris ganawi-lebis wesze. amave saqmeSi saakasacio sasamarTlom erT-erTi Tanamopasuxis mimarT sssk-is 272-e muxlis è~ qvepunqtisa da ssk-is 453-e muxlis me-2 nawilis safuZvelze saqmis-warmoebis Sewyveta gaumarTleblad miiCnia, radganac davis sagani nasyidobis safasu-ris gadaxda iyo da am urTierTobaSi uflebamonacvleoba, ssk-is 1328-e (1) muxlis Sesa-bamisad, daiSveboda. verc mosarCelem waradgina da verc sasamarTlos mxridan iqnamoZiebuli informacia Tanamopasuxis gardacvalebis Sedegad mis mier samkvidrosdatovebisa da samkvidro qonebis kanoniT an anderZiT memkvidris mier miRebis Ta-obaze, Sesabamisad, im SemTxvevaSi, Tu sasamarTlos mxridan mtkicebulebaTa kvle-vis Sedegad dadgindeboda mopasuxis gardacvalebis faqti, aseve, is garemoeba, romsamkvidro qoneba ar arsebobda, saqmiswarmoebis Sewyveta dasaSvebi iqneboda ssk-is ara 272-e muxlis è~, aramed _ 281-e muxlis à~ qvepunqtis safuZvelze.119

saqmeze, romelic nasyidobis safasuris gadaxdas ukavSirdeboda, xolo valdebuli pi-ri saproceso Tavdacvis saSualebad xandazmulobis instituts iyenebda, pirveli in-stanciis sasamarTlom ar daakmayofila moTxovna. moTxovnis xandazmulobis uarsayo-fad saapelacio palatam sasamarTlo sxdomaze mosarCelis mxridan miiRo axali mtki-cebuleba da Secvala gadawyvetileba. sakasacio ganxilvis etapze sakasacio sasamar-Tlom gaiziara movalis pretenzia sasamarTlos mxridan sssk-is 380-e muxlis darRve-vis Taobaze da amave kodeqsis 404-e muxlis farglebSi dauSveblad cno is mtkicebule-ba, romelsac saapelacio sasamarTlos gadawyvetileba emyareboda, Sesabamisad, axaligadawyvetilebiT gaiziara pirveli instanciis sasamarTlos mier gansazRvruli samar-Tlebrivi Sedegi.120

qonebis umkvidrod cnobisa da sakuTrebaSi usasyidlod gadacemis Sesaxeb damoukide-beli moTxovniT mesame piris sarCeli pirvel instanciaSi uaryofil iqna, xolo saape-lacio sasamarTloSi nawilobrivi dakmayofilebis Sedegad sacxovrebeli farTis gar-kveuli nawili cnobil iqna umkvidrod da sakuTrebaSi gadaeca mesame pirs. sakasaciosasamarTlom darRveva daadgina im mimarTulebiT, romelic gamoixata kanonier ZalaSiSesuli gadawyvetilebiT (sssk-is 266-e muxli) dadgenili samarTalurTierTobis xe-laxal dadgena-SefasebaSi anu sadavo uZravi nivTis ZiriTadi nawilis kuTvnilebis sa-kiTxi ukve mowesrigebuli iyo sasamarTlo gadawyvetilebiT da ver gaxdeboda sxva sa-marTalwarmoebis davis sagani.121



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aRsaniSnavia aseve saqme, romelic yadaRadadebuli moZravi qonebis yadaRisagan gaTa-visuflebas Seexeboda. yadaRis sagans warmoadgenda avtomanqana, romlis mflobelicmiuTiTebda, rom zepiri nasyidobis safuZvelze SeiZina nivTi, xolo gamyidvelis dava-lianebis gamo Semosavlebis samsaxurma daayadaRa igi. pirveli instanciis sasamarTlosmxridan `saaRsrulebo warmoebaTa Sesaxeb~ saqarTvelos kanonis safuZvelze nivTismflobelis sarCeli dakmayofilda, rac gaziarebul iqna saapelacio palatis mxridan,Tumca movale, romelic sadavod xdida nasyidobis xelSekrulebis dadebas, qvemdgomisasamarTloebis mxridan ar yofila miwveuli saqmis ganxilvaze sssk-is 70-e-78-e mux-lebis moTxovnaTa dacviT. sakasacio sasamarTlom sakuTrebis, aseve, sasamarTlo xel-misawvdomobis uflebis darRveva daadgina am ukanasknelis mimarT da saqme xelaxla gan-saxilvelad daubruna imave palatas.122

saqmis warmoebis SeCerebis winapirobebis Taobaze sakasacio sasamarTlom ganmarta, romsaapelacio sasamarTlo gasaCivrebul ganCinebaSi mocemul or davas Soris samarTleb-rivi urTierTkavSirisa da, Sesabamisad, valdebulebis Sesrulebis Semaferxebeli ga-remoebebis ararsebobis dadgenisas Semoifargla mxolod zedapiruli da formaluriSemowmebiT, miuTiTa ra xelSekrulebis baTilad cnobis Sesaxeb sasamarTlos gadaw-yvetilebis kanonieri Zalis ararsebobis Taobaze. saapelacio palatam ar Seafasa da-vebs Soris urTierTmimarTeba im TvalsazrisiT, paralelurad mimdinare davaSi sasa-marTlos mier mravalbiniani saxlis saerTo farTobis 5 procentze metiT gazrdis Ta-obaze mesakuTreTa Tanxmobis ararsebobis faqtis dadgenis SemTxvevaSi, SesaZlebeliaTu ara nameti farTis gaTvaliswinebiT mxareTa Soris SeTanxmebuli proeqtis ganxor-cieleba da, Sesabamisad, nameti farTebis gadacemaze mosarCelis moTxovnis dakmayo-fileba. amrigad, sakasacio sasamarTlom saqme xelaxla gansaxilvelad daabruna im sa-fuZvliT, rom saapelacio sasamarTlom moTxovnis farglebis, davis monawile subieq-tebis, davis arsisa da davaTa Soris samarTlebrivi urTierTkavSiris dadgenisTvis au-cilebeli sxva mniSvnelovani garemoebebis detaluri Seswavlisa da Sefasebis SedegadgansazRvros, arsebobs Tu ara mopasuxis mier dasaxelebuli valdebulebis Sesrule-bis Semaferxebeli garemoebebi da am garemoebaTa dadgenisaTvis sxva saqmeSi dasadgenigaremoebebis gaTvaliswinebis aucilebloba.123

erT saqmeSi sakasacio sasamarTlom ucvlelad datova saapelacio sasamarTlos gadaw-yvetileba, pirveli instanciis sasamarTlos gadawyvetilebis gauqmebisa da sarCelisdakmayofilebaze uaris Tqmis Sesaxeb, Tumca Secvala saapelacio sasamarTlos msje-loba da daskvna mocemul davasTan mimarTebiT saqarTvelos sasamarTloebis saerTa-Soriso kompetenciasTan dakavSirebiT. sakasacio sasamarTlom `saerTaSoriso kerZosamarTlis Sesaxeb~ saqarTvelos kanonis me-9 muxlis `b~ qvepunqtis Tanaxmad miiCnia,rom ̀ gansaxilveli davisadmi saqarTvelos saerTo sasamarTloebis saerTaSoriso kom-petenciis principis Semowmebis sakiTxi samarTlis sakiTxs ganekuTvneba da mxaris mi-TiTebis ararsebobis pirobebSic, misi Semowmeba sasamarTlos prerogativa da inicia-tivaa, rac ar ganixileba mxareTa procesualuri Tanasworobis principis ugulebel-yofad. sakasacio sasamarTlo ar iziarebs saapelacio sasamarTlos daskvnas, rom mo-cemul davaze saqarTvelos sasamarTlos ar aqvs saerTaSoriso kompetencia, radganaseT SemTxvevaSi sarCeli warmoebaSi ar unda mieRo saqarTvelos sasamarTlos an misiwarmoebaSi arasworad miRebis SemTxvevaSi, ganuxilvelad unda daetovebina~.124 sakasa-cio sasamarTlom ar gaiziara saapelacio sasamarTlos daskvna, saqarTvelos sasamar-Tlos saerTaSoriso kompetenciis armqoned miCnevis miuxedavad davis arsebiTad gan-xilvasTan dakavSirebiT, radgan aseT SemTxvevaSi sasamarTlom dava arsebiTad ar undaganixilos. gansaxilvel SemTxvevaSi ki, saqarTvelos sasamarTloebs saerTaSoriso kom-petencia hqondaT.



46

saqmeSi, romelSic davis sagans usafuZvlod miRebuli Tanxis ukan dabruneba warmoad-genda (ssk-is 976-e muxlis pirveli nawilis ̀ a~ qvepunqti), ori instanciiT ganxilul iqnasamoqalaqo samarTalwarmoebis wesiT; sakasacio palatam saproceso darRveva gansja-dobis wesSi daadgina, vinaidan moTxovnas faqtobriv safuZvlad is garemoeba daedo, romsisxlis samarTlis saqmeze miRebuli ganaCenis aRsrulebis mizniT saxelmwifo biujet-Si gadairicxa jarimis Tanxa; SemdgomSi es valdebuleba Sewyda STanTqmis principis ga-moyenebis safuZvliT zemdgom instanciaSi (sask-is me-2 da me-3 muxlebi; sssk-is me-11 mux-li). sarCelis samarTlebrivi safuZveli Tanxis ukan dabrunebis Sesaxeb ar gamomdinare-obs samoqalaqo kanonmdeblobidan, ramdenadac Sesamowmebeli iyo ganaCenis aRsrulebissakiTxi, romelsac saerTo araferi aqvs samoqalaqo kanonmdeblobasTan.125

2017 wels arsebiTad ganxilul saqmeTagan 37 saqme xelaxla gansaxilvelad daubrundasaapelacio sasamarTlos. dabrunebul saqmeTa Soris umravlesobaze sakasacio sasa-marTlos mxridan dadginda, rom qvemdgomma sasamarTloebma daarRvies saqmis ganxil-vis saproceso wesebi. ZiriTadi miTiTebebi ukavSirdeboda qvemdgomi sasamarTloebismxridan davis faqtobrivi garemoebebis arasrulad dadgenas, rac gamoricxavda saka-sacio sasamarTlos mxridan saqmeze Semajamebeli gadawyvetilebis miRebas. 2017 welssakasacio sasamarTlos mier arsebiTad ganxilul saqmeTa Soris 60 saqmeze ucvleladiqna datovebuli gasaCivrebuli ganCineba/gadawyvetileba. sakasacio sasamarTlos xse-nebuli ganCinebebidan irkveva, rom, umravles SemTxvevaSi, gasaCivrebuli gadawyveti-leba ar Seicavda sakmaris iuridiul dasabuTebas, Tumca sakasacio saCivrebis arsebi-Tad ganxilvis Sedegad dadginda, rom materialursamarTlebrivi TvalsazrisiT, saq-meze swori Sedegi dadga. arcTu iSviaT SemTxvevaSi qvemdgomi sasamarTloebis mxridandadasturda moTxovnis damfuZnebeli normis araswori gamoyeneba, Tumca, im safuZ-vliT, rom xsenebul darRvevas ukanono gadawyvetilebis miReba ar mohyolia Sedegad,gasaCivrebuli gadawyvetilebebi ucvlelad iqna datovebuli.126 2017 wels arsebiTadganxilul saqmeebTan SedarebiT, sakasacio sasamarTlos samoqalaqo saqmeTa palatam2018 wels arsebiTad ganixila 127 saqme, saidanac axali gadawyvetileba miiRo 52 saqme-ze, saapelacio sasamarTlos xelaxla gansaxilvelad daubrunda 30 saqme, dauSveblo-bis motiviT sarCeli ganuxilvelad iqna datovebuli 22 saqmeze, xolo 58 saqmeze saape-lacio sasamarTlos mier gansazRvruli samarTlebrivi Sedegi ZalaSi darCa. xelaxlagansaxilvelad dabrunebul saqmeTa umravlesobaze kvlav dadginda qvemdgomi sasamar-Tloebis mxridan saproceso samarTlis normaTa imgvari darRveva, rac sakasacio sasa-marTlos mxridan axali gadawyvetilebis gamotanas gamoricxavda. SeiniSneba aseve, sa-apelacio sasamarTlos mxridan materialuri samarTlis normaTa araswori gamoyeneba,iseve, rogorc normaTa ganmartebis Taobaze saqarTvelos uzenaesi sasamarTlos mierdamkvidrebuli erTgvarovani praqtikis gamouyenebloba. saproceso samarTlis wese-bis darRveviT ganxilul saqmeTa Soris kvlav aRsaniSnavia is ganCinebebi, romlebiTacsarCelebi iqna ganuxilvelad datovebuli da TiTqmis yvela saqmeze, rogorc pirveliinstanciis, ise saapelacio sasamarTlos mxridan ar iyo Semowmebuli aRiarebiTi sar-Celis mimarT mxaris iuridiuli interesis arseboba, rac Seexeba ucvlelad datove-bul saqmeebs, maTi umravlesoba moTxovnis damfuZnebel materialur-samarTlebrivinormebis araswor moZiebas emyareba, Tumca araerT SemTxvevaSi dadginda, rom ar ikve-Teboda is darRvevebi, romelTa Taobazec mxare pretenzias gamoTqvamda saCivarSi.

125 saqme #as-665-621-2017.126 saqme #as-319-302-2017; #as-376-360-2016; #as-489-457-2017; #as-572-531-2017; #as-373-347-2017;

#as-381-365-2016; #as-519-485-2017; #as-532-498-2017; #as-622-581-2017; #as-671-642-2016; #as-724-692-2016; #as-839-805-2016; #as-860-803-2017; #as-938-903-2016; #as-964-929-2016; #as-1066-986-2017; #as-1067-1026-2016; #as-1079-1036-2016; #as-1159-1114-2016; #as-2011-972-2016; #as-279-265-2016; #as-549-524-2016; #as-429-412-2016; #as-432-415-2016; #as-655-626-2016; #as-158-148-2017; #as-423-406-2016; #as-478-446-2017; #as-626-598-2016; #as-539-504-2017; #as-570-545-2016; #as-367-341-2017; #as-1167-1122-2016; #as-123-115-2017; #as-133-125-2017; #as-681-652-2016; #as-694-665-2016; #as-673-644-2016; #as-650-616-2015; #as-656-627-2016; #as-871-838-2016;#as-891-858-2016; #as-903-869-2016; #as-178-167-2017; #as-53-49-2017; #as-#as-483-451-2017;#as-531-497-2017; #as-631-589-2017; #as-885-825-2017; #as-1266-1186-2017.


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daskvna

daskvnis saxiT, unda aRiniSnos, rom sakasacio sasamarTlos mier qveda instanciis sasa-marTlos gadawyvetilebebis gauqmeba, umTavresad, ganpirobebuli iyo rogorc qvem-dgomi instanciis sasamarTloebis mxridan saproceso-samarTlebrivi normebis aras-worad gamoyeneba-ganmartebiT, aseve, materialur-samarTlebrivi normebis darRveviT.

saproceso wesebis darRvevidan gamomdinare, xazgasmiT unda aRiniSnos saqmis momza-debis etapze daSvebuli darRvevebi. kerZod, ZiriTadad gamoikveTa SemTxvevebi, rode-sac pirveli instanciis sasamarTlos mxridan ar gankargula saproceso kanonmdeblo-biT garantirebuli sarCelisa Tu Sesageblis dazustebis valdebuleba. sayuradReboamxareTaTvis kanoniT dakisrebuli (sssk-is 83.4, 177-e, 178-e, 201-e, 203-e da momdevno mux-lebi) miTiTebis tvirTis farglebSi moTxovnis ganmapirobebeli faqtebis, aseve, mopa-suxis Sedavebis arsebiTobis Semowmeba, rac davis materialur-samarTlebrivi Tval-sazrisiT sworad gadawyvetis fundamentia da, Tavis mxriv, xels uwyobs mosamarTlesmoTxovnis damfuZnebeli normis kvlevaSi, sadavo da udavo faqtebis gamijvnasa da mtki-cebis sagnis/mtkicebis tvirTis ganawilebaSi.

saqmeTa im nawilSi, romlebic xelaxla gansaxilvelad daubrunda saapelacio sasamar-Tlos, ZiriTadad vlindeba imgvari saproceso darRveva, rogoricaa mxareTa Sorismtkicebis tvirTis araswori ganawileba-gansazRvra, aseve, mtkicebulebaTa arasruligamokvleva/Sefaseba.

saproceso samarTlis normaTa darRvevas Soris gansakuTrebulad unda aRiniSnos aRi-arebiTi sarCelis dasaSvebobis sakiTxi. miuxedavad imisa, rom sakasacio sasamarTlomaraerT gadawyvetilebaSi asaxa da Semdgom didi palatis gadawyvetilebiT xazi gaesvaaRiarebiTi sarCelis, rogorc uflebadamdgeni sarCelis dasaSvebobis mkacr saproce-so winapirobebs, xSiria SemTxveva, rodesac qvemdgomi sasamarTloebis mxridan dauS-vebeli sarCelebi arsebiTad kvlav ganixileba da wydeba. amgvari sarCelebi araerTxeldaubrunda, moTxovnis dazustebis mizniT, qvemdgom sasamarTloebs, xolo umetes Sem-TxvevaSi safuZvlad daedo sakasacio ganxilvis etapze sarCelis ganuxilvelad dato-vebas.

saqmeTa ganxilvisas gamoikveTa sarCelis uzrunvelyofis RonisZiebis Taobaze qvedainstanciis sasamarTlos mier miRebuli ganCinebis gasaCivrebis wesis darRvevac. miu-xedavad imisa, rom moqmedi saproceso kanonmdebloba sarCelis uzrunvelyofis Ro-nisZiebis Taobaze pirveli instanciis sasamarTlos mier miRebuli ganCinebis mxoloderTjeradi gasaCivrebis SesaZleblobas iTvaliswinebs, _ rac uzenaesma sasamarTlo-mac araerTxel ganmarta, _ saapelacio sasamarTloebi, zogierT SemTxvevaSi, kvlav uTi-Teben zemdgom instanciaSi gasaCivrebis SesaZleblobaze. Sesabamisad, sakasacio sasa-marTloSi am tipis saCivrebi ganuxilvelad rCeba (sssk-is 1971, 419-e-420-e muxlebi).

rac Seexeba materialuri samarTlis normaTa darRvevis motiviT gauqmebul/Secvlilgadawyvetilebebs, swored zemoxsenebuli saqmis momzadebis etapis darRvevis motiviT,ZiriTadad, araswori kvalifikacia hqonda miniWebuli sasarCelo moTxovnas, araswo-rad iyo gansazRvruli moTxovnis damfuZnebeli normebi da mopasuxis Tavdacvis sap-roceso saSualebis samarTlebrivi efeqti (mag: moTxovnis Semwyveti, Semaferxebeli/damabrkolebeli, gamomricxveli Sesagebeli), ramac iuridiulad araswori gadawyve-tilebis miReba ganapiroba. zogierT SemTxvevaSi, gamovlinda normaTa konkurenciis sa-kiTxis araswori gadawyveta, xolo zogjer _ definiciuri normebis moTxovnis damou-kidebel safuZvlad gamoyeneba.

uzenaesi sasamarTlos stabilur praqtikasTan winaaRmdegobriobis TvalsazrisiT, mu-Sakis janmrTelobis dazianebiT gamowveuli sarCos gadaangariSebis Sesaxeb davebSikvlav ikveTeba qvemdgomi sasamarTloebis mxridan materialur-samarTlebrivi norme-


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bis darRveva, kerZod, arasworadaa ganmartebuli zianis anazRaurebis mizani valde-buli pirisaTvis sarCos dakisrebisas.

amrigad, 2017-2018 wlebSi sakasacio sasamarTloSi ganxilul saqmeTa analizidan ir-kveva, rom marTlmsajulebis ganxorcielebisas daSvebuli xarvezebi, sasamarTloTagadatvirTulobasTan erTad, pirveli instanciis sasamarTloebis mier sarCelis miRe-bisa da saqmis momzadebis etapze daSvebul Secdomebs (uzustobebs) ukavSirdeba.


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II. administraciul saqmeTa palata

saqarTvelos uzenaesi sasamarTlos administraciul saqmeTa palataSi 2018 wels sulSemovida 1616 saqme (sakasacio saCivari, kerZo saCivari, gansjadoba, sarCelis uzrun-velyofa), anu 33,2%-iT meti 2017 welTan SedarebiT. aqedan, 1575 saqme Semosulia saka-sacio da kerZo saCivris safuZvelze, rac 35,1 %-iT aRemateba 2017 wlis analogiur maC-venebels.

administraciul saqmeTa palatis mier 2018 wels sul ganxilulia 1259 saqme, anu 19,7%-iT meti, vidre 2017 wels. aqedan, sakasacio da kerZo saCivris safuZvelze ganxilulia1216 saqme, anu 21,0%-iT meti 2017 welTan SedarebiT.

unda aRiniSnos, rom ukanasknel wlebSi gaumjobesebulia sasamarTlo gadawyvetile-baTa xarisxi, SeiniSneba qveda instanciis sasamarTloebis mier saqmeTa arsebiTad swo-rad ganxilvisa da gadawyvetis tendencia, rac uzenaes sasamarTloSi Semosul adminis-traciul saqmeTa Sedegzec aisaxeba. sakasacio sasamarTloSi Semosul saqmeTa umrav-lesoba dauSveblad aris cnobili. kerZod, administraciul saqmeTa palataSi 2018 welssakasacio saCivris safuZvelze ganxiluli 1139 saqmidan, dauSveblad iqna cnobili 969,anu ganxiluli saqmeebis 85,1%.

2017-2018 wlebSi saqarTvelos uzenaesi sasamarTlos administraciul saqmeTa pala-tam erTgvarovani sasamarTlo praqtikis Camoyalibebisa da samarTlis ganviTarebisaT-vis mniSvnelovan araerT sakiTxze gaamaxvila yuradReba. gansakuTrebiT aRsaniSnaviaSromiTi, socialuri, samSeneblo, sagadasaxado, sajaro informaciasTan, zianis anaz-RaurebasTan, uZravi qonebis registraciasTan dakavSirebuli davebi, romlebzedac axa-li gadawyvetilebebis miReba, rogorc wesi, qvemdgomi sasamarTloebis mxridan mate-rialur-samarTlebrivi normebis arasworad gamoyeneba-ganmartebiTaa ganpirobebuli.Tumca, axal gadawyvetilebaTa Soris gvxvdeba aseve saproceso samarTlis normebis im-gvari darRveva, romelmac Sedegi iqonia gadawyvetilebis kanonierebaze. amasTan, gasa-Civrebuli gadawyvetilebis/ganCinebis Semowmebis procesSi gamovlenilia qveda instan-ciis sasamarTloTa mier saqmis garemoebaTa srulyofili gamokvlevisa da maTi Sefa-sebis, materialur-samarTlebriv normaTa gamoyenebis da maTi Sesabamisi garemoebebi-sadmi misadagebis mimarT arsebuli, agreTve, iseTi saproceso-samarTlebrivi xarve-zebi, ramac umetesad gasaCivrebuli gadawyvetilebis/ganCinebis gauqmeba da saqmis sa-apelacio sasamarTlosaTvis xelaxla gansaxilvelad dabrunebis saWiroeba warmoSva.rac Seexeba ucvlelad datovebul gadawyvetilebebs/ganCinebebs, Sedegis gaziarebispirobebSi saqmeze arsebiTi msjeloba metwilad gasaCivrebul gadawyvetilebaSi/gan-CinebaSi mocemuli argumentaciisa da Sesabamisi dasabuTebis Secvlis aucileblobam,aseve konkretuli Sedegis damatebiTi dasabuTebis, xolo rig SemTxvevebSi, sakasaciosaCivris motivebis calsaxad gamoricxvis saWiroebam gamoiwvia. xazgasasmelia isic, romikveTeba sakasacio sasamarTlos mier Sefasebuli, sadavo samarTalurTierTobebTandakavSirebuli sakiTxebis SemdgomSi gaziarebis tendenciebi saapelacio sasamarTlosmxridan, rac qveda instanciis sasamarTloebis mier gadawyvetilebaTa dasabuTebis pro-cesSi saqarTvelos uzenaesi sasamarTlos mier dadgenili erTiani sasamarTlo praq-tikis mxedvelobaSi miRebaze miuTiTebs.

amdenad, administraciul-samarTlebriv davebSi sakasacio saCivrebis daSveba da gasa-Civrebul gadawyvetilebaze msjeloba ZiriTadad gamoiwvia iseTi samarTlebrivi prob-lemis wamoWram, romelic aqamde sasamarTloTa msjelobis sagani ar gamxdara. agreT-ve, aRniSnuli ganapiroba gansakuTrebuli specifikiT gamorCeulma davebma, sadac qve-da instanciis sasamarTloTa msjelobebis gauziareblobis gamo, sakasacio sasamar-Tlom, erTiani sasamarTlo praqtikis dadgenisa da ukve dadgenili praqtikis ganviTa-rebis mizniT, mizanSewonilad miiCnia, sadavo sakiTxi Tavad moewesrigebina. Tumca, 2017-2018 wlebSi ganxilul saqmeTa Soris gvxvdeba aseve iseTi davebic, romlebzec sakasa-cio palata samarTalurTierTobis momwesrigebeli normis konkretul ganmartebas ar


50

daeTanxma da, sakiTxis arsebiTad sworad gadawyvetis mizniT, Tavad ganmarta igi. Sesa-bamisi kategoriis davebze uzenaesi sasamarTlos ganmartebebisa da miTiTebebis sis-temuri analizi ukeT warmoaCens arsebul suraTs.

SromiTi davebi

upirvelesad, aRsaniSnavia SromiT-samarTlebrivi urTierTobebidan warmoSobilidavebi, sadac davis sagani SesaZloa iyos sajaro samsaxurSi miRebidan gaTavisuf-lebis CaTvliT, SromiT urTierTobasTan dakavSirebuli nebismieri sakiTxi. saja-ro samsaxurad iTvleba saxelmwifo xelisuflebis da adgilobrivi TviTmmarTve-lobis organoebSi samsaxuri, romelic dakavSirebulia mmarTvelobiTi (adminis-traciuli) funqciebis ganxorcielebasTan. administraciuli funqciebi gvxvdebasakanonmdeblo, aRmasrulebel da sasamarTlo xelisuflebis StoebSi, aseve TviT-mmarTvelobis doneze da sajaro samarTlis iuridiul pirebSi. aRniSnulidan ga-momdinare, sajaro moxeleTa arc Tu mcire raodenobis gaTvaliswinebiT, sasamar-Tloebs xSirad uwevT SromiTi davebis ganxilva.

2017 wels ganxilul SromiT davebs Soris aRsaniSnavia saqme,127 romelSic mosarCelem,romelic werilobiT daTanxmda imave administraciul organoSi sxva Tanamdebobaze mo-valeobis Semsruleblad gadayvanas, SemdgomSi moiTxova gadayvanamde arsebul Tanam-debobaze aRdgena ori safuZvliT, kerZod, axal Tanamdebobaze misi movaleobis Sem-sruleblad daniSvna ar unda momxdariyo, radgan gadayvanamde arsebul Tanamdebobazeigi daniSnuli iyo ukonkursod, amasTanave axali Tanamdeboba ar Seesabameboda mis pro-fesiul codnasa da unarebs. sakasacio palatam aRniSnul saqmeze erTxel _ 2015 wels,gaauqma saapelacio sasamarTlos gadawyvetileba saTanado dasabuTebis ararsebobisada saqmisaTvis mniSvnelobis mqone garemoebebis arasrulyofilad dadgenis gamo, saq-me daubrunda imave sasamrTlos xelaxla gansaxilvelad,128 Tumca xelaxla ganxilvisSemdeg saapelacio palatis mier miRebul gadawyvetilebaze wardgenili sakasacio sa-Civrebi dasaSvebad iqna cnobili. sakasacio palatam imsjela sajaro samsaxurSi pirismiRebis zogad winapirobebze, konkursis Catarebis principebze, daniSnulebaze, amo-canebze, funqciaze da ganmarta konkursis gareSe Tanamdebobis dakavebis kanoniT gan-sazRvruli winapirobebi. sakasacio sasamarTlom miiCnia, rom kanonis danawesi dawese-bulebis sxva struqturul erTeulSi gadayvanisas piris ukonkursod daniSvnis Sesa-xeb, vrceldeba mxolod konkursgavlil pirebze, norma ar gamoricxavda am regulia-ciis gamoyenebas im pirebis mimarT, romlebsac ukonkursod hqondaT dakavebuli Ta-namdeboba. sakasacio palatam miiCnia, rom saapelacio sasamarTlos mier arasworad ga-nimarta imJamad moqmedi `sajaro samsaxuris Sesaxeb~ kanonis 29-e da 30-e muxlebi, maTigamoyenebis winapirobebi, arasworad dadginda miTiTebuli normebis mosarCeleze gav-rcelebis SesaZlebloba. saqmeze dadginda agreTve saapelacio sasamarTlos mier Ta-visi uflebamosilebis farglebis gacdena, radgan Tavad Seafasa organos diskreciuluflebamosilebas mikuTvnebuli sakiTxi, daadgina piris konkretuli Tanamdebobis sa-konskurso moTxovnebTan Sesabamisoba aseTi konkursis Catarebis gareSe, maSin rode-sac sasamarTlos unda emsjela mxolod konkretuli piris mier movaleobebis droe-biT Sesrulebis SesaZleblobaze. sakasacio sasamarTlom miiCnia, rom gadawyvetile-bas hqonda winaaRmdegobrivi xasiaTi, sarezolucio nawili ar Seesabameboda gadawyve-tilebaSi asaxul msjelobas, amasTanave, saTanadod ar Sefasda sakiTxis gadawyveti-saTvis arsebiTi mniSvnelobis mqone mtkicebuleba _ sxva Tanamdebobaze gadayvanis Se-saxeb mosarCelis werilobiTi Tanxmoba. gadawyvetilebis nawilobriv gauqmebis miuxe-davad, sakasacio palatam ar gaiziara kasatoris mosazreba saapelacio sasamarTlosmier davis saproceso kanonmdeblobis darRveviT ganxilvis, mxaris arasaTanado wesiTmowvevis, mosamarTlis acilebis safuZvlebis arsebobis Sesaxeb. sabolood, axali ga-

127 saqme #bs-250-248(2k-16).128 saqme #bs-629-616(2k-14).


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dawyvetilebiT sakasacio sasamarTlom fizikuri piris sarCeli ar daakmayofila.

aseve aRsaniSnavia saqme, romelic policielis Tanamdebobidan gaTavisuflebis kano-nierebas Seexeboda,129 sadac sakasacio sasamarTlos mier qveda instanciis sasamarTlo-Ta msjelobebis gauziarebloba da axali gadawyvetilebis miReba policielisaTvis ka-nonmdeblobiT dakisrebuli movaleobebis mniSvnelobam da adamianis uflebaTa dac-vis sferoSi misma statusma ganapiroba. kerZod, ganimarta, rom `policiis Sesaxeb~ sa-qarTvelos kanonis Tanaxmad, policiis saqmianobis erT-erTi ZiriTadi da umniSvnelo-vanesi principia adamianis ZiriTadi uflebebisa da Tavisuflebebis dacvisa da pati-viscemis principi, romlis Sesabamisad, policiis saqmianobis ganxorcielebis forme-bi, meTodebi da saSualebebi ar unda xelyofdes adamianis pativsa da Rirsebas, ar undaarRvevdes adamianis sicocxlis, fizikuri xelSeuxeblobisa da sakuTrebis uflebebsda sxva ZiriTad uflebebsa da Tavisuflebebs, zians ar unda ayenebdes garemos. sakasa-cio sasamarTlom ar gaiziara qvemdgomi instanciis sasamarTloebis msjeloba, rom mo-sarCelis samsaxuridan gaTavisufleba ar iyo Sesabamisi im darRvevisa, rac mis mier iq-na Cadenili da ganmarta, rom mosarCelis samsaxuris statusidan gamomdinare, mas Ta-vad unda uzrunveleyo saxelmwifo usafrTxoeba da sazogadoebrivi wesrigis dacva.policielis mimarT moqmedebda maRali sadisciplino-saSemsruleblo moTxovnebi, racsaqarTvelos Sinagan saqmeTa organos TanamSromlebs qcevis kidev ufro maRal stan-darts uwesebda da mkveTrad mijnavda maT sajaro samsaxuris sxva moxeleebisagan. amas-Tan, sakasacio sasamarTlom aRniSna, rom policielis qcevis standartebi mowesrige-buli iyo aseve saqarTvelos policiis eTikis kodeqsiT, romlis Sesabamisad, policie-li yuradRebiani da TavdaWerili unda iyos. gansakuTrebul yuradRebas unda iCendesagreTve iaraRis tarebisa da gamoyenebisas. iaraRis gamoyenebis ufleba mas miniWebu-li aqvs mxolod sakuTari an sxva adamianis sicocxlisa da janmrTelobis dasacavad daara sxva raime miznebisaTvis.

Zalovan struqturaSi dasaqmebuli piris samsaxurebriv ufleba-movaleobebs, mis fun-qciebsa da kompetenciis farglebs, gaTavisuflebis Cadenil darRvevasTan proporci-ulobas exeboda agreTve sxva SromiT-samarTlebrivi dava,130 sadac Sesafasebeli iyomoxelis mier personalur monacemTa damuSavebisa da aRniSnulidan gamomdinare, moxe-lis gaTavisuflebis kanoniereba. mosarCele muSaobda sagamoZiebo uwyebaSi da gaTavi-suflda sxvisi personaluri monacemebis samsaxurebrivi saWiroebis gareSe moZiebis,damuSavebisa da mesame pirisaTvis gadacemis safuZvliT. saqalaqo sasamarTlos miersarCeli ar dakmayofilda, Tumca saapelacio palatam saqalaqo sasamarTlos gadaw-yvetilebis SecvliT miiRo axali gadawyvetileba, sarCeli nawilobriv dakmayofilda,mosarCelis gaTavisuflebis Sesaxeb brZaneba sadavo sakiTxis gadauwyvetlad baTiladiqna cnobili da administraciul organos daevala administraciuli warmoebis xelax-la Catareba. sakasacio palatis mier saapelacio sasamarTlos gadawyvetileba gauqmdada palatas daevala saqmis xelaxla ganxilva im safuZvliT, rom saTanadod ar Sefase-bula mtkicebulebebi, ar dadasturebula maTi urTierTSeusabamoba, ar iyo dasabuTe-buli sask-is 32.4 muxlis gamoyenebis winapirobebis arseboba, sasamarTlom ar gamoiye-na saproceso kanonmdeblobiT misTvis miniWebuli uflebamosileba damatebiTi mtki-cebulebebis moZiebis Sesaxeb, ar moxda administraciuli warmoebis masalebis sruladgamoTxova da Seswavla, gen.inspeqciis daskvnis Semdgeni pirebis axsna-ganmartebebisgamoTxova, mesame piris mowmed dakiTxva, uflebis darRvevis intensivobis dadgena daaRniSnulis safuZvelze gamoyenebuli disciplinuri RonisZiebis proporciulobis Se-faseba. saapelacio palatam saTanadod ar Seafasa agreTve mtkicebulebebi, romlebicmosarCelis mier sxvisi personaluri monacemebis moZiebaze uTiTebdnen. saapelaciopalatam daadgina mosarCelis mier monacemTa damuSaveba, Tumca ar umsjelia maTi da-muSavebis mizanze. monacemebis sxva miznebisaTvis gamoyeneba dasaSvebia mxolod kano-niT gaTvaliswinebul, aseve piris Tanxmobis SemTxvevaSi an rodesac aSkaraa monaceme-

129 saqme #bs-644-637(k-16).130 saqme #bs-494-489(2k-16).


52

bis piris interesebSi gamoyenebis saWiroeba, rac mocemul SemTxvevaSi ar dadasture-bula. darRvevis dasadgenad sakmarisi iyo mosarCelis mier arasamsaxurebrivi mizniTmonacemebis moZiebisa da damuSavebis dadastureba. saapelacio palatam jerovnad arSeafasa aRniSnuli garemoeba. sakasacio palatam imsjela piradi cxovrebisa da perso-naluri monacemebis dacvis mniSvnelobaze, piris ndobaze gansakuTrebuli socialurifunqciis matarebeli organoebis mimarT, profesiuli valdebulebebis, personalurimonacemebis xelSeuxeblobis saerTaSoriso principebis dacvis saWiroebaze, persona-luri monacemebis dacvis samsaxurebrivi saidumloebis dacvis reJimSi transformi-rebaze. uzenaesi sasamarTlos miTiTebiT, moxelis mier mesame pirisaTvis informaciisgadacemis daudastureblobis SemTxvevaSi, saapelacio palatas damoukideblad undaSeefasebina mosarCelis mier saidumlo informaciis arasamsaxurebrivi miznebisaTvismoZiebisa da damuSavebis faqti, emsjela pirad cxovrebaSi Carevis intensivobis xaris-xze da daedgina mosarCelis mimarT gamoyenebuli disciplinuri zomis relevanturo-ba.

administraciul saqmeTa palatis mier kidev erTi SromiTi davis131 arsebiTad ganxil-vis mizans mosarCelis mier sakasacio saCivarSi miTiTebuli savaraudo saproceso-sa-marTlebrivi da materialur-samarTlebrivi darRvevebis calsaxa gamoricxva warmo-adgenda. amasTan, sayuradRebo iyo isic, rom qveda instanciis sasamarTloTa mier sxva-dasxvagvari ganmarteba iqna gakeTebuli sadavo sakiTxTan dakavSirebuli garemoebe-bis Taobaze. sabolood, saqmis ganxilvis Sedegad sakasacio palatam saqarTvelos daz-vervis samsaxuris mosamsaxureebTan dakavSirebiT disciplinuri pasuxismgeblobis Se-fardebisa da samsaxuridan gaTavisuflebis sakiTxis Sefasebisas gadamwyveti mniSvne-loba mianiWa moxelis mimarT arsebul maRali xarisxis ndobas da gaiziara saqarTve-los dazvervis samsaxuris pozicia maszed, rom dazvervis samsaxuris saqmianoba mniS-vnelovnad aris dakavSirebuli TiToeuli mosamsaxuris keTilsindisierebasa da sam-saxuris mxridan maT mimarT arsebul ndobaze, xolo mosamsaxuris mier farulobis prin-cipis Segnebuli, gaazrebuli darRveva xsenebul ndobas sagrZnoblad amcirebs. aseTimosamsaxuris mimarT samsaxuris ndoba samomavlod ukiduresad didi safrTxis Semcve-lia, vinaidan samsaxuri Tavisi specifikidan da principebidan gamomdinare, saqmiano-bas axorcielebs farulad da winmswrebad (prevenciulad). Sesabamisad, samsaxuri veriqneba ufro didi masStabebis an/da danaSaulis niSnebis Semcveli gadacdomis molo-dinSi. aRniSnulidan gamomdinare, sakasacio sasamarTlom, saidumlo informaciis gam-JRavnebis pirobebSi, marTebulad miiCnia mosarCelis qmedebis uxeS disciplinur ga-dacdomad Sefaseba da Sesabamisad, misTvis disciplinuri saxdelis saxiT samsaxuri-dan ganTavisuflebis gansazRvra. amasTan, miuxedavad saapelacio sasamarTlos miersaqmeze gansazRvruli Sedegis ucvlelad datovebisa, sakasacio palatam damatebiT im-sjela saqarTvelos dazvervis samsaxuris mosamsaxuris ganTavisuflebis meore samar-Tlebriv safuZvelze _ samsaxurebriv Seusabamobaze, ra drosac erTmaneTisagan mka-fiod gamijna samsaxurebrivi da Tanamdebobrivi Seusabamobis terminebi. kerZod, uze-naesi sasamarTlos miTiTebiT, ̀ dazvervis samsaxuris Sesaxeb~ saqarTvelos kanoniT gan-sazRvruli samsaxurebrivi Seusabamoba, gansxvavebiT Tanamdebobrivi Seusabamobisa-gan, moicavs ara mosamsaxuris mxolod konkretul TanamdebobasTan Seusabamobas, ara-med mis Seusabamobas uSualod dazvervis samsaxurTan da mis saqmianobasTan mimarTe-biT. amdenad, samsaxurebrivi Seusabamobis safuZveli SeiZleba gaxdes rogorc mosam-saxurisaTvis konkretuli samsaxuris specifikuri saqmianobisaTvis moTxovnili kom-petenciis, aseve, aseT samsaxurSi gansazRvruli movaleobebis SesrulebisaTvis saWi-ro piradi Tu saqmiani Tvisebebis ararseboba. sabolood, sakasacio sasamarTlom miiC-nia, rom im SemTxvevaSic ki, rodesac dazvervis samsaxuris mosamsaxure konkretuli saq-mianobis SesrulebisaTvis kompetenturi da maRali kvalifikaciis mqone iyo, mis miersamsaxuris farulobis principis darRveva mas piradi TvisebebiT Seusabamos xdida daz-vervis samsaxurisaTvis.

131 saqme #bs-260-260(k-18).


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SromiT davaze, romelSic sadavo iyo mosarCelis mimarT aRZruli disciplinuri pasu-xismgeblobis safuZvelze gaTavisufleba, qveda instanciis sasamarTloebis mier sar-Celis dakmayofileba uaryo sakasacio palatam im garemoebaze miTiTebiT, rom araswo-ri samarTlebrivi Sefaseba mieca sadavo aqtiT gaTvaliswinebul garemoebebs.132 sada-vo aqtis gamocemas safuZvlad daedo uflebamosili organos daskvna, romlis Tanax-mad dasturdeboda, rom mosarCelem imoqmeda arakeTilsindisierad, mikerZoebiT da Ta-visi samsaxurebrivi mdgomareobis meSveobiT sabiujeto saxsrebi piradi sargeblis mi-saRebad gamoiyena, rodesac mas interesTa SeuTavseblobis gamo ar hqonda aseTi sar-geblis miRebis ufleba, radgan es dakavSirebuli iyo sajaro samsaxurSi mis mier daka-vebul TanamdebobasTan, riTac dazaraldnen daxmarebis saWiroebis mqone sxva pirebida ziani miadga damsaqmebeli administraciuli organosa da saerTod sajaro samsaxu-ris reputacias. sakasacio palatam miuTiTa, rom mosarCeles ar gaaCnda misi ojaxis wev-rebTan mimarTebaSi arsebul administraciul warmoebaSi monawileobis miRebis ufle-bamosileba, ramdenadac mas hqonda piradi interesi, romelic zegavlenas axdenda saq-mis gadawyvetaze. mosarCele misi ojaxis wevrebis dafinansebis sakiTxis ganxilvisaswarmoadgenda szak-is me-8 muxlis me-2 nawiliT gaTvaliswinebul subieqts, rac aRniS-nuli kodeqsis 92-e muxlis me-3 nawiliT gaTvaliswinebul valdebulebas akisrebda mas.Sesabamisad, sakasacio sasamarTlom ar gaiziara qveda instanciis sasamarTloebis mo-sazreba sasamarTlo gadawyvetilebis aRusruleblobis Taobaze, ramdenadac zemoaR-niSnuli garemoebebis gaTvaliswinebiT sasamarTlo valdebuli iyo, rom piradi gan-cxadebis safuZvelze gaTavisuflebis kanonierebis Semowmebis Sesaxeb davaze gamota-nili sasamarTlo gadawyvetilebisagan damoukideblad da safuZvlianad Seemowmebinamocemul saqmeze sadavo brZanebis kanoniereba.

SromiT davaze133 sakasacio palatam miuTiTa, rom moxelis mier samsaxurebrivi ufle-bamosilebis ganxorcielebis procesSi mravlobiTi darRvevebis arsebobis Sesaxeb dad-genili faqtobrivi garemoebebis pirobebSi ar arsebobda saapelacio sasamarTlos sa-marTlebrivi Sefasebis gaziarebis kanoniT gaTvaliswinebuli SesaZlebloba. mosarCe-le sadavod ar xdida, rom adgili hqonda saqmeSi dacul mtkicebulebebSi miTiTebulimTeli rigi kanonmdeblobis moTxovnebis darRvevebs, romlebic atarebda araerTje-rad xasiaTs da saqmianobis Sesrulebis dros qmnida mniSvnelovan riskebs. mosarCelesadavod xdida misi gaTavisuflebis brZanebis formalur kanonierebas da miuTiTebdasadavo aqtis zogadi administraciuli kodeqsiT gaTvaliswinebuli wesis darRveviTdasabuTebaze. aRniSnulze sakasacio palatam ganmarta, rom uflebamosili organos mi-er misi kompetenciis Sesabamisad, normatiul safuZvelze gansazRvruli amocanebisada movaleobis Sesrulebis mizniT, inspeqtirebis Catarebis wesis dacviT Sedgenili das-kvniT dasturdeboda, rom moxelis mxridan adgili hqonda ̀ sajaro samsaxuris Sesaxeb~saqarTvelos kanonis 78-e muxlis pirveli punqtis ̀ a~ qvepunqtiT gaTvaliswinebul ga-dacdomas, rac gamoixata mis samsaxurebriv movaleobaTa braleul Seusruleblobasada arajerovan SesrulebaSi. amdenad, uflebamosili organos mier mizanSewonilad iq-na miCneuli moxelis dakavebuli Tanamdebobidan gaTavisufleba. aseve, Sesabamis admi-nistraciul organos mieca miTiTeba daskvnaSi dafiqsirebul darRvevebze reagirebisSesaxeb. sakasacio palatam ganmarta, rom gamovlenil mravlobiT darRvevebze pasuxis-mgebel pirs, masze dakisrebuli uflebamosilebidan gamomdinare, warmoadgenda dawe-sebulebis xelmZRvaneli da mis mier masze normatiuli aqtiT dakisrebuli uflebamo-silebis SeusruleblobiTa da arajerovani SesrulebiT dairRva sadavo periodSi moq-medi ̀ sajaro samsaxuris Sesaxeb~ saqarTvelos kanonis me-13 muxlis ̀ b~ qvepunqtiT gaT-valiswinebuli sajaro samsaxuris ZiriTadi principi. Sesabamisad, mosarCelis mier mi-si uflebamosilebis Seusruleblobam da arajerovanma Sesrulebam gamoiwvia sajarodawesebulebis ZiriTadi miznis saxelmwifo organos politikis ganxorcielebis xel-Sewyobis Seferxeba, rac saministros miznebTan Seusabamo qmedebad iqna miCneuli saka-sacio palatis mier.

132 saqme #bs-883-875(3k-16).133 saqme #bs-1182-1176(2k-17).


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administraciul saqmeTa palatam mniSvnelovani ganmarteba gaakeTa saqmeze,134 sadac mo-sarCele Tanamdebobidan gaTavisuflebis Sesaxeb sadavo brZanebis ukanonobis safuZ-vlad mis dausabuTeblobaze miuTiTebda, xolo mopasuxis _ goris municipalitetis gam-geobis mtkicebiT, goris municipalitetis gamgeobis Sida auditis samsaxuris ufro-sis Tanamdebobaze daniSvna da gaTavisufleba gamgeblis eqskluziur uflebamosile-bas warmoadgenda da mas dasabuTebis valdebuleba ar waeyeneboda. sadavo sakiTxis Se-fasebisas sakasacio sasamarTlom yuradReba gaamaxvila im garemoebaze, rom saqarTve-los organuli kanoniT _ adgilobrivi TviTmmarTvelobis kodeqsiT gamijnuli iyo gam-geblis/meris mier gamgeobis/meriis Tanamdebobis pirTa da gamgeobis/meriis sxva mo-samsaxureTa Tanamdebobaze daniSvna da gaTavisufleba. amasTan, sakasacio sasamarTlommiuTiTa `sajaro samsaxuris Sesaxeb~ saqarTvelos kanonis me-11 muxlis pirvel pun-qtze, romlis Tanaxmad, am kanonis moqmedeba, garda am muxlis 11 da 12 punqtebiT gaTva-liswinebuli SemTxvevebisa, ar vrceldeboda gamgeobis/meriis struqturuli erTeu-lis xelmZRvanelze. sakasacio sasamarTlos ganmartebiT, sadavo brZanebis gamocemisdros moqmedi gamgeobis Tanamdebobis pirTa da sxva mosamsaxureTa daniSvna-gaTavisuf-lebis maregulirebeli normebis analizidan gamomdinare, gamgebels gamgeobis struq-turuli erTeulebis xelmZRvaneli pirebis daniSvna-gaTavisuflebaze miniWebulihqonda farTo diskrecia da `sajaro samsaxuris Sesaxeb~ saqarTvelos kanoniT dadge-nili wesis gauTvaliswineblad (romelic ar vrceldeboda gamgeobis Tanamdebobis pi-rebze), mxolod mis uSualo Sexedulebaze iyo damokidebuli aRniSnuli sakiTxis ga-dawyveta, gansxvavebiT sxva mosamsaxureTagan, romelTa SromiTsamarTlebrivi urTi-erTobebis regulaciisas gamoiyeneboda `sajaro samsaxuris Sesaxeb~ saqarTvelos ka-noniT dadgenili wesi. sakasacio sasamarTlom miuTiTa, rom gamgeobis struqturulierTeulis xelmZRvaneli warmoadgenda gamgeobis Tanamdebobis pirs, romelsac gamge-beli eqskluziuri uflebamosilebis safuZvelze niSnavda da aTavisuflebda sakuTa-ri SexedulebiT. aRniSnul msjelobas adasturebda is garemoebac, rom adgilobriviTviTmmarTvelobis kodeqsis mixedviT (59-e da 60.4 muxlebi), gamgeobis struqturulierTeulis xelmZRvanels uflebamosileba ganesazRvreboda gamgeblis uflebamosile-bis vadiT da es uflebamosileba, sxva safuZvlebTan erTad, uwydeboda gamgeblis Ta-namdebobidan gaTavisuflebis SemTxvevaSi. amasTan, mosarCelis Tanamdebobaze daniS-vna moxda swored gamgeblis erTpirovnuli gadawyvetilebiT, konkursisa da Tanamde-bobis dasakaveblad kanonmdeblobiT gansazRvruli sxva moTxovnebis gaTvaliswinebisgareSe. analogiuri samarTlebrivi Sefaseba mieca sakasacio sasamarTlos mier ganxi-lul kidev erT saqmes,135 sadac davis sagans adigenis municipalitetis gamgeblis pir-veli moadgilis Tanamdebobidan gaTavisuflebis Sesaxeb adigenis municipalitetisbrZanebis kanoniereba warmoadgenda. mosarCele sadavo brZanebis ukanonobis safuZvladam SemTxvevaSic mis dausabuTeblobaze miuTiTebda, xolo mopasuxis _ adigenis munici-palitetis gamgeobis mtkicebiT, adigenis municipalitetis gamgeblis pirveli moad-gilis Tanamdebobaze daniSvna da gaTavisufleba gamgeblis eqskluziur uflebamosi-lebas warmoadgenda da mas dasabuTebis valdebuleba ar ekisreboda. sakasacio sasa-marTlom miiCnia, rom municipalitetis gamgeblis/meris pirveli moadgile warmoad-genda gamgeobis Tanamdebobis pirs, romelsac gamgebeli eqskluziuri uflebamosile-bis safuZvelze niSnavda da aTavisuflebda sakuTari SexedulebiT.

aRsaniSnavia, rom 2017 wlis 1 ivlisidan axali `sajaro samsaxuris Sesaxeb~ saqar-Tvelos kanonis amoqmedebam axleburad daaregulira sajaro SromiTsamarTleb-riv urTierTobebTan dakavSirebuli mTeli rigi sakiTxebi, ramac SromiT davebSiaRniSnuli kanonis danawesTa ganmartebis saWiroeba warmoSva.

magaliTad, erT-erT saqmeze sakasacio sasamarTlom precedentuli ganmarteba gaake-Ta axal `sajaro samsaxuris Sesaxeb~ saqarTvelos kanonTan dakavSirebiT,136 sadac da-

134 saqme #bs-894-886(k-16).135 saqme #bs-237-237(k-18).136 saqme #bs-234-234(2k-18).


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vis sagans warmoadgenda samsaxuridan gaTavisuflebis Sesaxeb brZanebis kanonierebisdadgena, samsaxurSi aRdgena da iZulebiTi ganacduris anazRaureba. sakasacio sasamar-Tlom gaiziara saapelacio sasamarTlos daskvna sadavo brZanebis ukanonobis Taoba-ze, Tumca ar daeTanxma saapelacio sasamarTlos mosazrebas dakavebul TanamdebobazemosarCelis aRdgenasa da iZulebiTi ganacduris anazRaurebasTan dakavSirebiT, rom-lis Tanaxmad, mocemuli sakiTxi im etapisTvis ar eqvemdebareboda sasamarTlos kon-trols. saapelacio sasamarTlom miiCnia, rom sasarCelo moTxovna aRniSnul nawilSimiRebuli gadawyvetilebis aRsrulebis proceduras warmoadgenda, ris gamoc damate-biT am moTxovnaze msjeloba scildeboda sasamarTlo uflebamosilebis farglebs daam nawilSi sarCeli ar eqvemdebareboda dakmayofilebas. sakasacio sasamarTlom ̀ saja-ro samsaxuris Sesaxeb~ saqarTvelos kanonis 118.3 muxli ganmarta sistemurad, rigi sap-roceso-samarTlebrivi meqanizmebis mimoxilvis safuZvelze da miiCnia, rom moxelissamsaxuridan gaTavisuflebis brZanebis baTilobis SemTxvevaSi administraciuli or-ganos valdebuleba moxelis Tanamdebobaze aRdgenis Taobaze ar warmoadgens eqsklu-ziur, gamomricxveli xasiaTis kompetencias. aRniSnuli valdebulebis eqskluziuro-bas ar adgens arc ̀ sajaro samsaxuris Sesaxeb~ saqarTvelos kanoni da arc sxva romeli-me sakanonmdeblo aqti. Sesabamisad, administraciuli organosaTvis `sajaro samsaxu-ris Sesaxeb~ saqarTvelos kanoniT mxolod aRniSnuli valdebulebis dakisrebis faqtiar gulisxmobs sasamarTlo kompetenciis gamoricxvas, imsjelos mosarCelis pirvan-del, uflebis Selaxvamde arsebul mdgomareobaSi aRdgenis sakiTxze da gadawyvitosigi. sakasacio sasamarTlom aRniSna, rom saapelacio sasamarTlos Sefaseba administra-ciuli organos aRniSnuli kompetenciis eqskluziurobasa da moxelis aRdgenis Tao-baze sasamarTlo kompetenciis gamoricxvasTan dakavSirebiT, faqtobrivad, sajaro da-wesebulebis mxridan xsenebuli valdebulebis ganxorcieleba/ganuxorcieleblobisada jerovani Tu arajerovani Sesrulebis kontrolis SesaZleblobis gamoricxvas gu-lisxmobs, rac Tavis mxriv, arRvevs saqarTvelos konstituciis me-5 muxlis me-4 pun-qtis danawess, romlis Tanaxmad, saxelmwifo xelisufleba xorcieldeba xelisufle-bis danawilebis principze dayrdnobiT, romlis safuZvelzec, sasamarTlo xelisuf-leba kontrols uwevs aRmasrulebeli xelisuflebis saqmianobas.

sakasacio sasamarTlom arsebiTad ganxilul erT-erT saqmeze137 aseve mniSvnelovani gan-marteba gaakeTa `sajaro samsaxuris Sesaxeb~ saqarTvelos kanonis 118-e muxlTan, ker-Zod, samsaxurSi aRdgenis sakiTxTan dakavSirebiT. sakasacio sasamarTlom ar gaiziarasaapelacio sasamarTlos mosazreba, rom q. Tbilisis municipalitetis meriis konkre-tuli samsaxuri warmoadgenda im samsaxuris identurs, sadac mosarCele muSaobda. sa-kasacio sasamarTlom aRniSna, rom mosarCelis samsaxuridan gaTavisuflebis dRidandavis ganxilvis momentamde araerTxel Seicvala q. Tbilisis municipalitetis meriisim samsaxuris dasaxeleba, romelSic mosarCele muSaobda. sakasacio sasamarTlom Se-sabamis samarTlebriv safuZvlebze dayrdnobiTa da maTi urTierTSejerebiT miiCnia,rom mxolod ganyofilebebis saxelwodebaTa msgavseba ar SeiZleba miCneuliyo imis das-turad, rom saxeze iyo identuri samsaxurebi. sakasacio sasamarTlom aRniSnulTan mi-marTebiT gaiziara kasatoris mosazreba, rom saqmeze miTiTebuli debulebebis Sinaar-sobrivi SedarebiT calsaxad dasturdeboda is faqti, rom Sesadarebeli samsaxurebisxvadasxva funqciebis matarebeli iyo. amasTan, erTmniSvnelovnad ar dgindeboda, Turomeli samsaxuri axorcielebda imave funqciebs, saidanac gaTavisuflebul iqna mo-sarCele. amdenad, q. Tbilisis municipalitetis merias daevala administraciul-samar-Tlebrivi aqtis gamocema, romliTac mosarCele aRdgeboda ganTavisuflebamde arse-buli samsaxuris tolfas Tanamdebobaze. amasTan, sakasacio sasamarTlom miuTiTa, rommopasuxes _ qalaq Tbilisis merias mosarCelis tolfas Tanamdebobaze aRdgenisas un-da exelZRvanela `sajaro samsaxuris Sesaxeb~ saqarTvelos kanonis 118-e muxliT dad-genili procedurebiT.

sakasacio palatam `sajaro samsaxuris Sesaxeb~ saqarTvelos kanoniT (27.10.15w.4346-Is)

137 saqme #bs-610-610(k-18).


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gaTvaliswinebul samsaxuridan gaTavisuflebuli moxelis uflebebis aRdgenaze mniS-vnelovani miTiTebebiT daubruna saapelacio palatas saqme gansaxilvelad138 da gan-marta, rom mocemuli davis sworad gadawyvetisaTvis, sasamarTlo ganxilvis dros ar-sebiTia saapelacio palatam gamoikvlios, ramdenad arsebobs mosarCelis samsaxurSiimave Tanamdebobaze aRdgenis SesaZlebloba/SeuZlebloba, xolo im SemTxvevaSi Tu mo-sarCelis Tanamdeboba dakavebulia sxva moxelis mier da misi daniSvnis kanoniereba araris sadavo, saapelacio palatam administraciul procesSi moqmedi inkviziciurobisprincipis gaTvaliswinebiT (sask-is me-19 mux.) mtkicebulebaTa gamoTxovis gziT, undagamoikvlios administraciuli organos struqtura, struqturuli erTeulebis saxe-ebi, maTi Semadgenloba da dasaqmebul pirTa raodenoba, gamokvlevas saWiroebs asevesakiTxi, xom ar aqvs adgili erTi samsaxuris/Tanamdebobis formalur monacvleobaserTsa da imave an zemdgom/qvemdgom administraciul organoSi da arsebobs Tu ara sa-jaro dawesebulebaSi imave datvirTvis da funqciuri maxasiaTeblebis mqone Tanamde-boba. miTiTebuli sakiTxis gamokvleva atarebs mniSvnelovan datvirTvas imave dawese-bulebaSi mosarCelis mier dakavebuli Tanamdebobaze, an tolfas Tanamdebobaze misiaRdgenis kuTxiT. sakasacio palatam miuTiTa, rom saapelacio palatas hqonda SesaZ-lebloba, misTvis sask-is me-4 da me-19 muxlebiT miniWebuli uflebamosilebis fargleb-Si, sarwmunod daedgina saqmisaTvis arsebiTi mniSvnelobis mqone faqtebi, ramdenadacaRniSnuli ganmsazRvreli mniSvnelobis mqone garemoebebis dadgenis gareSe SeuZlebe-li iyo saqmeze kanonieri da obieqturi gadawyvetilebis gamotana.

saapelacio palatas xelaxla gansaxilvelad daubrunda saqme,139 romelSic mosarCeleiTxovda reorganizaciis gamo sajaro samsaxuridan misi gaTavisuflebis Sesaxeb aqtisbaTilad cnobas, diskriminaciis faqtis dadgenas, samsaxurSi aRdgenasa da iZulebiTiganacduris anazRaurebas. pirveli instanciis sasamarTlos mier calke warmoebad ga-moiyo diskriminaciis faqtis dadgenis Sesaxeb moTxovna da gansjadobiT gansaxilve-lad gadaegzavna samoqalaqo saqmeTa kolegias, romelmac daiwyo dava gansjadobis Se-saxeb, uzenaesi sasamarTlos mier dadginda moTxovnis administraciuli wesiT ganxil-va. gansjadobis sakiTxis gadawyvetamde saqalaqo sasamarTlom ganagrZo danarCen moT-xovnebze arsebiTi msjeloba da sarCeli nawilobriv daakmayofila, moxelis gaTavisuf-lebis Sesaxeb aqti sask-is 32.4 muxlis safuZvelze baTilad iqna cnobili, saapelaciopalatam ucvlelad datova saqalaqo sasamarTlos gadawyvetileba, rac sakasacio we-siT gasaCivrda orive mxaris mier. uzenaes sasamarTloSi saqmis ganxilvisas dadgindadavis sagnis dazustebis saWiroeba, aRiniSna, rom aqtis baTilad cnobis moTxovnis sa-fuZvlianobisa da aqtis kanonierebis Semowmebis farglebSi unda momxdariyo diskri-minaciis faqtis arsebobaze msjeloba. qveda instanciis sasamarTloebma ise gadawyvi-tes dava, rom ar umsjeliaT organos mxridan mosarCelis mimarT diskriminaciul mop-yrobaze da aRniSnuli safuZvliT mis gaTavisuflebaze. sadavo aqtis kanonierebis Se-faseba `sajaro samsaxuris Sesaxeb~ 1997w. kanonis normebTan ar iqna sakmarisad miCneu-li, radgan aqtis kanonierebis gansazRvrisTvis gadamwyveti iyo diskriminaciis faq-tis dadgena. diskriminaciis faqtis dadgena da aqtis baTilad cnobis moTxovna urTi-erTdakavSirebuli da urTierTgamomdinare moTxovnebia da isini erTad unda ganxilu-liyo. garda amisa saapelacio palatam srulyofilad ar daadgina saqmis garemoebebi,saTanadod ar gansazRvra administraciuli organos struqtura da misi struqturu-li erTeulebis funqciebi reorganizaciamde da mis Semdeg, konkretuli Tanamdebobisidenturobis dadgenis mizniT saapelacio palatas detalurad ar gauanalizebia re-organizaciis Sedegad Camoyalibebuli yvela struqturuli erTeuli, saTanadod argamokvleula agreTve axali saStato erTeulebis warmoqmnis sakiTxi, ar Sefasebulaaxal saStato erTeulze mosarCelis gadayvanis SesaZlebloba.

aRsaniSnavia sakasacio sasamarTlos mier 2018 wels ganxiluli moxelis diskriminaci-uli niSniT samsaxuridan ganTavisuflebasTan dakavSirebuli kidev erTi SromiTi da-

138 saqme #bs-376-376 (2k-18).139 saqme #bs-834-826(2k-16).


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va,140 sadac sakasacio sasamarTlom yuradReba gaamaxvila im garemoebaze, rom sadavosakiTxis gadawyvetisaTvis arsebiT mniSvnelobas iZenda diskriminaciis faqtis dadge-na, ramdenadac xsenebuli ukavSirdeboda sadavo aqtis baTilad cnobas da samsaxurSiaRdgenas. Tumca, amavdroulad, mniSvnelovani iyo is garemoebac, rom sadavo aqtis ga-mocemis safuZveli iyo mosarCelis gancxadeba samsaxuridan gaTavisuflebis Taobaze.sakasacio sasamarTlom miuTiTa gamgeblis warmomadgenlis Tanamdebobaze daniSvniswesze da aRniSna, rom administraciul erTeulSi gamgeblis warmomadgenlis Tanamde-bobaze piris dasaniSnad saWiro iyo, upirvel yovlisa, amis Taobaze gamgeblis neba-sur-vilis gamoxatva. amasTan, garkveulwilad gamgeblis warmomadgenlis muSaobaze iyo da-mokidebuli teritoriuli erTeulis gamarTuli da stabiluri funqcionireba, Sesa-bamisad, bunebrivi iyo, rom gamgebeli am Tanamdebobaze dasaniSnad SearCevda iseT pirs,romelTan muSaobac ar gauWirdeboda da misi daxmarebiT warmarTavda municipalite-tis efeqtian saqmianobas. sakasacio sasamarTlom ar gaiziara saapelacio sasamarTlosganmartebebi imasTan dakavSirebiT, rom administraciuli organo valdebuli iyo Cae-tarebina administraciuli warmoeba da gamoerkvia, mosarCelis mier samsaxuridan ga-Tavisuflebis Taobaze gancxadebis dawera warmoadgenda Tu ara mis namdvil nebas. xse-nebulis sapirispirod, sakasacio palatis mier ganimarta, rom saqmis faqtobriv gare-moebaTa kvlevisa da dadgenis saproceso-samarTlebrivi meqanizmebi TiToeul SromiT-samarTlebriv davaSi mimarTuli unda iyos iqiTken, piris nebis formireba _ Sinaganisurvili da misi garegnuli gamoxatuleba TanxvedraSia Tu ara, misi mizani danamdvi-lebiT aris Tu ara SromiTi urTierTobidan gasvla, administraciis (damsaqmeblis) uf-leba _ daakmayofilos piris neba samsaxuridan gaTavisuflebis Taobaze, marTlzomie-rad aris Tu ara gamoyenebuli.

aseve SromiT davaze, romelSic mosarCele sadavod xdida piradi gancxadebis safuZ-velze samsaxuridan gaTavisuflebis kanonierebas141 sakasacio palatam saapelacio sa-samarTlos gadawyvetileba gaauqma da axali gadawyvetilebiT uari uTxra mosarCelesmoTxovnaze. sakasacio palatam miuTiTa, rom saapelacio sasamarTlos mier dadgeniligaremoeba mosarCelze zewolis ganxorcielebis safuZvelze gancxadebis daweris Ta-obaze ar dasturdeba saqmeSi warmodgenili mtkicebulebebiT. sakasacio palatam sa-moqalaqo saproceso kodeqsis 102.3 muxlis safuZvelze ganmarta, rom sisxlis samar-Tlis kodeqsis 169-e muxlis Sesabamisad, piris iZuleba, daweros gancxadeba sakuTariiniciativiT samuSaodan ganTavisuflebis Taobaze, an samuSaoze aRdgenis Sesaxeb sasa-marTlo gadawyvetilebis Seusrulebloba, isjeba jarimiT an Tavisuflebis aRkveTiTor wlamde vadiT, Tanamdebobis dakavebis an saqmianobis uflebis CamorTmeviT sam wlam-de vadiT an uamisod. mocemul SemTxvevaSi uflebamosili organos mier dadgenili we-siT sasamarTlos miTiTebis safuZvelze Catarebuli SemowmebiT _ utyuarad da sar-wmunod daadgina piris nebis gamoxatvis namdvilobis sakiTxi. uflebamosilebis far-glebSi Catarebuli SemowmebiT dgindeboda, rom mosarCelis mier samsaxuridan wasvlisSesaxeb gancxadebis dawera ar iyo provocirebuli Zaladobis, iZulebis, muqaris, San-taJis, dapirispirebisa da sxva piris arakeTilsindisieri zemoqmedebiT Camoyalibebu-li an ganpirobebuli da gancxadebis dawerisas igi Tavisuflad gamoxatavda mis nebas.amdenad, piris survili, aRar iyos dasaqmebuli sajaro samsaxurSi uflebamosili or-ganos mier, miCneul iqna misi konstituciuri nebis gamovlenad da damsaqmebels miecarekomendacia gamosces axali administraciul _ samarTlebrivi aqti dasaqmebulis ga-Tavisuflebis Sesaxeb _ werilobiTi gancxadebis safuZvelze Tavisi iniciativiT, sa-qarTvelos kanonis `sajaro samsaxuris Sesaxeb~ 95-e muxlis Sesabamisad. mosarCele aruTiTebda ra Sinaarsis zewolisa da muqaris safuZvelze mimarTa administracias gaTa-visuflebis moTxovniT, xolo mxolod im garemoebaze miTiTeba, rom ganxorcielda ze-wola, ar SeiZleba safuZvlad daedos sasamarTlos gadawyvetilebas da aRniSnuli ga-remoebebi unda dasturdebodes saTanado mtkicebulebiT, rac mocemul SemTxvevaSiemyareboda mxolod mosarCelis mosazrebas mis mimarT ganxorcielebul iZulebis faq-

140 saqme #bs-663-659(k-17).141 saqme #bs-802-794(k-16).


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tze da saqmeze dakiTxuli arc erTi mowmis CvenebiT ar dgindeboda. sakasacio sasamar-Tlom xazgasmiT aRniSna, rom iZuleba ar aris faqti, iZuleba aris samarTlebrivi Sefa-seba faqtebisa, razec miuTiTebs mosarCele da waradgens mtkicebulebebs. mocemul Sem-TxvevaSi mosarCeles araTu ar warudgenia saTanado mtkicebulebebi, samarTlebriviSefasebisaTvis Sesabamis faqtebsa da mtkicebulebebzec ar hqonia miTiTeba. Sesabami-sad, sakasacio palatis mosazrebiT saapelacio sasamarTlom mocemul saqmeze mtkice-bis tvirTi arasworad gaanawila, aseve arasworad ganmarta `sajaro samsaxuris Sesa-xeb~ kanonis normebi.

mniSvnelovani ganmartebebi iqna gakeTebuli aseve erT-erT SromiT davaze,142 sadac sa-kasacio sasamarTlom, marTalia, gaiziara saapelacio sasamarTlos ganCinebiT damdgariSedegi, Tumca sadavo sakiTxis amgvari gadawyvetis kanoniereba damatebiTi argumenta-ciiT daasabuTa. sakasacio sasamarTlom ganmarta, rom gamosacdeli periodis arsebo-ba gamoricxavs moxelesa da damsaqmebels Soris sruli xarisxis ndobis arsebobas, ram-denadac gamosacdel pirobebSi moxelis qceviT sajaro dawesebuleba masze sadamkvir-veblo reJimis gavrcelebas axdens, rac erTi mxriv, administraciuli organos mxridanmoxelis mimarT, xolo meore mxriv, moxelis mxridan administraciuli organos mimarTsruli ndobis ararsebobaze miuTiTebs. aseT viTarebaSi, gamosacdeli periodis das-rulebis Semdgom sajaro dawesebuleba moxelis Tanamdebobaze datovebisa Tu misi ga-Tavisuflebis, rogorc ori alternatiuli, kanonieri Sedegis mimarT aRiWurveba dis-kreciuli uflebamosilebiT, ra drosac igi erTpirovnulad wyvets moxelesTan Sro-miTi urTierTobis gagrZelebis mizanSewonilobas. Sesabamisad, aseT pirobebSi, sasa-marTlo ver SeiWreba administraciuli organos diskreciaSi da Tavad ver ganusaz-Rvravs mas gamosacdeli periodis Sedegebis safuZvelze arasasurvelad miCneuli pi-ris konkretul Tanamdebobaze saqmianobis mizanSewonilobas. amdenad, sakasacio sasa-marTlom erTmaneTisagan gamijna moxelis gamosacdel periodSi da gamosacdeli peri-odis Semdgom gaTavisuflebis sakiTxis kanonierebis Semowmebis kuTxiT administra-ciuli organos diskreciul uflebamosilebaze sasamarTlo kontrolis farglebi daaRniSna, rom gansxvavebiT gamosacdeli periodisagan, gamosacdeli vadis gasvlis Sem-dgom mxareTa Soris SromiTi urTierTobis gagrZeleba moxelis mier aRniSnuli perio-dis warmatebiT gadalaxvaze metyvelebs. Sesabamisad, ramdenadac miTiTebul SemTxve-vaSi mosarCeles gadalaxuli hqonda gamosacdeli vada, misi Tanamdebobidan gaTavi-suflebisas izrdeboda sajaro dawesebulebis mier miRebuli gadawyvetilebis dasa-buTebis standartic. sakasacio sasamarTlom miuTiTa, rom moxelis Tanamdebobidan gan-Tavisufleba, miT ufro Statebis Semcirebis safuZvliT, ra drosac konkretul pirTaTanamdebobaze SenarCuneba saukeTesos SerCevis principiT unda warimarTos, obieqtur,cxad da gamWvirvale processa da kriteriumebs unda efuZnebodes, rac SedegobrivadganTavisuflebul pirs unda aZlevdes SesaZleblobas, srulad aRiqvas da gaiazros mi-si ganTavisuflebis, aseve, masTan SedarebiT sxva konkretul pirTaTvis upiratesobisminiWebis safuZvlebi.

2018 wels ganxilul SromiT davebs Soris gansakuTrebuli specifikiT gamoirCeva ase-ve saeqimo saqmianobis ganxorcielebasTan dakavSirebuli saqmeebi. magaliTad, erT-erT aseT davaze143 sakasacio sasamarTlom erTmaneTisgan gamijna disciplinuri da pro-fesiuli saxdelebi, kerZod, aRniSna, rom SromiT-samarTlebrivi urTierTobis safuZ-velze nakisri valdebulebebis arajerovani ganxorcielebisTvis dakisrebuli saxde-li Tavisi bunebiT disciplinuri, anu kerZo-samarTlebrivia, romelic SromiTi urTi-erTobidan gamomdinareobs da swored aseTi urTierTobis momwesrigebeli aqtebiT re-gulirdeba, maSin, rodesac profesiuli pasuxismgeblobis dakisreba administraciu-li kanonmdeblobis safuZvelze xorcieldeba da pasuxismgeblobis aRniSnuli saxe Si-naarsiT, calsaxad, sajaro-samarTlebriv saxdels warmoadgens. aRniSnul saqmeze, sa-kasacio sasamarTlom miiCnia, rom samedicino dawesebulebis eqimTaTvis kanonmdeblo-



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biT gansazRvrul disciplinur, administraciul, profesiul da sisxlis samarTlispasuxismgeblobaTa gansxvavebuli samarTlebrivi xasiaTis, agreTve, maTi dakisrebiTerTmaneTisagan damoukidebeli da gansxvavebuli miznebis miRwevis saWiroebis fonze,pasuxismgeblobis dakisrebasTan dakavSirebuli TiTqos alternatiuli Semcvelobisdanawesi, amgvari Sinaarsis miuxedavad, cal-calke ramdenime maTganis gamoyenebis Se-saZleblobas iZleoda. amasTan, sakasacio sasamarTlom mizanSewonilad miiCnia emsje-la administraciuli organos mier saeqimo saqmianobis subieqtis mimarT darRvevis ga-movlenidan 2 wlis gasvlis Semdgom profesiuli saxdelis xandazmulobis sakiTxze, ro-melzedac qveda instanciis sasamarTloTa mxridan yuradReba ar gamaxvilebula. ker-Zod, ̀ saeqimo saqmianobis Sesaxeb~ saqarTvelos kanoniT gansazRvrulia eqimis mxolodwerilobiTi gafrTxilebisaTvis 5-wlian xandazmulobis vada, romelic dakavSirebu-lia uSualod darRvevis Cadenisa da ara aRniSnuli darRvevis gamovlenis faqtTan. Se-sabamisad, sakasacio palatam miuTiTa, rom kanonmdebloba gansazRvris miRma tovebsimas, Tu darRvevis gamovlenidan ra vadaSi SeiZleba damoukidebeli saeqimo saqmiano-bis subieqtis mimarT profesiuli saxdelis gamoyeneba. sakasacio sasamarTlom miiC-nia, rom xandazmulobis konkretuli vadis ganusazRvrelobis pirobebSic ki, profesi-uli ganviTarebis sabWos mxridan eqimis mier gadacdomis Cadenaze aragonivrul vadaSireaqciis gamovlena profesiuli saxdelis mocemuli saxis gamoyenebis efeqturobasmniSvnelovnad amcirebda da, Sesabamisad, zrdida gadacdomis Cadenis gamovlenidan 2wlis gasvlis Semdgom amgvari saxdelis gamoyenebis relevanturobis, marTebulobisda aucileblobis dasabuTebis xarisxis saWiroebas. amdenad, sakasacio sasamarTlomsabolood saqarTvelos administraciuli saproceso kodeqsis 32.4 muxlis Sesabami-sad, baTilad cno profesiuli saxdelis dakisrebis Sesaxeb individualuri adminis-traciul-samarTlebrivi aqti da saxdelis Semfardebel organos daavala axali aqtisgamocema, ra drosac mas unda emsjela da daesabuTebina gadacdomis Cadenasa da mis ga-movlenas Soris 2-wliani monakveTis gaTvaliswinebiT, ratom iyo relevanturi, saWiroda alternatiuli RonisZiebebidan yvelaze misaRebi konkretuli saxdelis SesabamisizomiT gamoyeneba da ratom ver miiRweoda aRniSnuli Sedegi ufro msubuqi pasuxismgeb-lobis dakisrebis gziT.

administraciul saqmeTa palatam aseve mniSvnelovani gadawyvetileba miiRo saeqimo saq-mianobis arasworad warmarTvisaTvis pasuxismgeblobis dakisrebasTan dakavSirebiT.144

sakasacio sasamarTlom ganmarta, rom pasuxismgeblobis dakisrebisas mxedvelobaSi un-da iqnes miRebuli misi proporciuloba da Tanazomiereba, pasuxismgeblobis Semamsu-buqebeli garemoebani, mis Sefardebamde darRvevis ararseboba, gadacdomis simZime, pi-rovneba, rac saboloo jamSi ganapirobebs profesiuli pasuxismgeblobis gamoyenebu-li saxis adekvaturobas. sakasacio sasamarTlom miiCnia, rom mocemul SemTxvevaSi eqi-misTvis serTifikatis moqmedebis 6 Tvis vadiT SeCereba absoluturad Seusabamo, araa-dekvaturi da loialuri gadawyvetileba iyo Cadenil gadacdomasTan mimarTebaSi, ro-melsac mohyva umZimesi Sedegi _ pacientis gardacvaleba. mocemul sakiTxTan dakavSi-rebiT, sakasacio sasamarTlom mniSvnelovnad miiCnia evrosasamarTlos praqtikis gan-zogadeba da miuTiTa konkretul saqmeebze.

gasaTvaliswinebelia agreTve, rom saapelacio palatis gadawyvetilebis gauqmebas yo-velTvis misi usworoba ar ganapirobebs, zog SemTxvevaSi Secvlili normatiuli regu-lireba misi gamotanis dros swor da dasabuTebul gadawyvetilebas kanonSeusabamodaqcevs. magaliTad, miuRebeli xelfasis anazRaurebasTan dakavSirebiT erT-erT da-vaSi saapelacio sasamarTlos gadawyvetilebis gasaCivrebis vadaSi sakonstitucio sa-samarTlos mier miRebuli gadawyvetilebis gaTvaliswinebiT, uzenaesma sasamarTlomnawilobriv gaauqma saapelacio sasamarTlos gadawyvetileba.145 mocemul saqmeSi pirisamsaxuridan gaTavisuflda orsulobisa da mSobiarobis gamo anazRaurebad Svebule-baSi yofnis dros. mosarCele iTxovda gaTavisuflebis Sesaxeb aqtis baTilad cnobas,



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samsaxurSi aRdgenas da srul iZulebiT ganacdurs. pirveli instanciis sasamarTlomsarCeli ar daakmayofila, rac saapelacio palatam marTebulad Secvala, mosarCelisgaTavisuflebis Sesaxeb organos gadawyvetileba baTilad cno, mopasuxes daavala mo-sarCelis Tanamdebobaze aRdgena, Tumca ganacduris anazRaureba administraciul or-ganos daekisra mxolod 3 Tvis odenobiT. saapelacio sasamarTlos gadawyvetileba ga-saCivrda orive mxaris mier, Tumca administraciuli organos sakasacio saCivari, ro-melSic moTxovnili iyo saapelacio palatis gadawyvetilebis gauqmeba sarCelis dak-mayofilebis nawilSi, dauSveblad iqna cnobili. amdenad, sakasacio palatam imsjelamxolod iZulebiTi ganacduris anazRaurebis odenobaze. sakasacio palatam miiCnia, romdavis gadawyvetisas gamoyenebuli unda yofiliyo sakonstitucio sasamarTlos gadaw-yvetileba, masSi asaxuli midgomebi, radgan misi gamotana moxda saapelacio sasamar-Tlos gasaCivrebuli gadawyvetilebis ZalaSi Sesvlamde. kompensaciis zeda zRvris Sez-Rudva laxavs piris konstituciur uflebas Tanamdebobrivi sargos saxiT miuRebeliSemosavliT gamowveuli zaralis srulad anazRaurebaze. amdenad, iZulebiTi ganacdu-ris anazRaurebis nawilSi sakasacio palatis mier miRebul iqna axali gadawyvetileba,romliTac mopasuxes daekisra iZulebiTi ganacduris sruli anazRaureba.

aseve miuRebeli xelfasis anazRaurebis sakiTxTan dakavSirebiT sakasacio sasamarTlomsaapelacio sasamarTlos gadawyvetilebis SecvliT miiRo axali gadawyvetileba,146 sa-dac sarCeli efuZneboda im garemoebas, rom saqarTvelos Tavdacvis saministrosTandadebuli xelSekrulebis vada, marTalia, amoiwura, Tumca igi gagrZelda daaxloebiTori TviT. sakasacio sasamarTlos miTiTebiT, davis sworad gadawyvetisaTvis upirve-lesad unda Sefasebuliyo mosarCelesa da mopasuxes Soris dadebuli xelSekrulebissamarTlebrivi safuZvlebi. kerZod, igi warmoadgenda kerZo samarTlebriv Tu sajarosamarTlebriv _ administraciul xelSekrulebas. swored aRniSnulidan gamomdinareunda Sefasebuliyo xelSekrulebis vadis gasvlis Semdeg misi moqmedebis vadis gagrZe-lebisa da miuRebeli saxelfaso davalianebis anazRaurebis sakiTxi, vinaidan gansxva-vebulia aseT xelSekrulebaTa dadebisa da vadis gagrZelebis wesi da forma, aseve, ma-Ti samarTlebrivi buneba. sakasacio sasamarTlom mxareTa Soris gaformebuli xelSek-ruleba administraciul xelSekrulebad miiCnia da zogadi administraciuli kodeq-sis 69-e muxlze miTiTebiT aRniSna, rom administraciuli xelSekrulebis dadebis er-TaderTi legitimuri forma aris werilobiTi da misi gagrZelebac aseve unda gafor-mdes werilobiT, rasac mocemul SemTxvevaSi adgili ar hqonia. xelSekrulebis ararse-bobis pirobebSi ki mosarCeles saqarTvelos Tavdacvis saministrosaTvis administra-ciuli xelSekrulebidan gamomdinare, Tanxis dakisrebis samarTlebrivi safuZveli argaaCnda. amasTan, valis aRiarebis sakiTxTan dakavSirebiT sakasacio sasamarTlom gan-marta, rom administraciuli organos mier gacemuli dokumentis valis aRiarebad miC-nevisTvis, masSi pirdapir, naTlad da garkveviT unda iyos gamoxatuli administraciu-li organos neba valis gadaxdis Taobaze. amasTan, igi aucileblad unda Seicavdes ama-ve organos mxridan valis gadaxdis dapirebis elements, rom administraciuli organomomavalSi daubrundeba am sakiTxs da aanazRaurebs davalianebas.

sakasacio palatam erT-erT saqmeze147 mniSvnelovani ganmartebebi gaakeTa ̀ sajaro sam-saxuris Sesaxeb~ 31.10.1997w. saqarTvelos kanonis 127-e muxlTan mimarTebiT, kerZod,sakasacio sasamarTlom samarTlebrivad dausabuTeblad miiCnia saapelacio sasamar-Tlos mier mosarCelisaTvis iZulebiTi ganacduris dakmayofilebaze uaris Tqma, risigaTvaliswinebiTac, gaauqma gasaCivrebuli gadawyvetileba da axali gadawyvetilebiTmopasuxes mosarCelisaTvis iZulebiTi ganacduris misi samsaxuridan gaTavisuflebisdRidan samsaxurSi aRdgenis dRemde anazRaureba daavala. sakasacio palatam ar gaizi-ara saapelacio sasamarTlos ganmarteba imis Taobaze, rom saqarTvelos Tavdacvis mi-nistris brZanebis baTilad cnoba da saqarTvelos Tavdacvis saministros davaldebu-leba, mosarCelisaTvis SeerCia da SeeTavazebina konkretuli vakanturi Tanamdeboba,

146 saqme #bs-719-719(k-18).147 saqme #bs-647-640(2k-ks-16).


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ar qmnida `sajaro samsaxuris Sesaxeb~ saqarTvelos kanonis 127-e muxlis me-6 punqtismeore winadadebiT gaTvaliswinebul faqtobriv wanamZRvrebs, raTa anazRaurebuliyomoTxovnili ganacduri xelfasi. sakasacio sasamarTlom yuradReba gaamaxvila qvedainstanciis sasamarTloTa mier Sefasebis miRma datovebul faqtobriv garemoebaze, ker-Zod, sagulisxmo iyo, rom welTa namsaxurobisa da Rvawlis gaTvaliswinebiT, mosarCe-le yovelTviuri xelfasis saxiT 3500 lars Rebulobda, rac warmoadgenda wodebrivucvlel sargos, ra Tanamdebobazec ar unda yofiliyo igi daniSnuli. am kategoriismoxeleebisTvis calsaxad dadgenili iyo yovelTviuri xelfasi _ 3500 lari.

arsebiTad ganxilul kidev erT SromiT saqmesTan148 mimarTebiT, sakasacio sasamarTlosmsjelobis sagani gaxda sajaro moxelis Tanamdebobidan gaTavisuflebis Semdgom 2-Tvi-ani Tanamdebobrivi sargos, rogorc kompensaciis, gacemis nawilSi mosarCelis Tanam-debobidan gaTavisuflebis Sesaxeb individualuri administraciul-samarTlebrivi aq-tis kanoniereba, sadac sakasacio sasamarTlom gaauqma gasaCivrebuli gadawyvetilebada sadavo sakiTxi axali gadawyvetilebis miRebis gziT moawesriga. kerZod, sakasaciopalatis miTiTebiT, saapelacio sasamarTlos ar hqonda gaTvaliswinebuli is garemoe-ba, rom, marTalia, gardabnis municipalitetis gamgeblis brZanebiT mosarCele gaTavi-suflda dakavebuli Tanamdebobidan da amave brZanebiT ganisazRvra misTvis fuladikonpensaciis saxiT 2 (ori) Tvis Tanamdebobrivi sargos Caricxva, Tumca aRniSnuli brZa-nebis gamocemidan meore dRes, igi kvlav dainiSna mopasuxe administraciul organoSierT-erTi ganyofilebis mTavari specialistis movaleobis Semsruleblad 2017 wlis 2maisidan 1 ivlisamde, xolo 2017 wlis 30 ivnisidan igi dainiSna imave poziciaze mTavarispecialistis Tanamdebobaze. sakasacio sasamarTlom miuTiTa sadavo periodSi moqme-di ̀ sajaro samsaxuris Sesaxeb~ saqarTvelos kanonis 109-e muxlze, romlis pirveli pun-qtis Tanaxmad, dawesebulebis likvidaciis an Statebis Semcirebis gamo samsaxuridangaTavisuflebisas moxeles kompensaciis saxiT eZleva 2 Tvis Tanamdebobrivi sargo. sa-kasacio sasamarTlom aRniSnuli norma miznobrivad ganmarta, kerZod, miuTiTa, rom da-saxelebuli kompensaciis gacemis mizani samuSaodan gaTavisuflebuli pirisaTvis sxvasamuSaos povnamde arsebobis SenarCunebis minimaluri finansuri uzrunvelyofa iyo.aRniSnuli daxmareba umuSevrad darCenili moxelis mimarT saxelmwifos mxridan xel-Sewyobis erT-erT RonisZiebas warmoadgenda. sakasacio sasamarTlom xazgasmiT aRniS-na, rom mosarCele uwyvetad, davis ganxilvis dRemde agrZelebda muSaobas da iRebdamisi poziciisaTvis Sesabamis Tanamdebobriv sargos. Sesabamisad, igi ar imyofeboda sam-saxuris dakargvis saSiSroebis qveS, erTi dRec ar darCenila umuSevari, samsaxuris da-kargvis gamo igi ar Cavardnila mZime materialur mdgomareobaSi. amdenad, sakasaciosasamarTlom miiCnia, rom administraciuli organos mier sruliad kanonierad iqna ga-uqmebuli 2 Tvis Tanamdebobrivi sargos saxiT kompensaciis micema mosarCelis imave da-wesebulebaSi sxva Tanamdebobis dakavebis gamo.

arsebiTad ganxilul davaTa Soris sakasacio sasamarTlos msjelobis sagans war-moadgenda aseve SvebulebasTan dakavSirebuli sakiTxebic. kerZod, SromiT davaze,149

romelSic sakasacio saCivari daSvebul iqna 2012 da 2013 wlebis gamouyenebeli anazRa-urebadi Svebulebis anazRaurebis administraciuli organosaTvis dakisrebis nawil-Si, saapelacio sasamarTlom ixelmZRvanela ̀ sajaro samsaxuris Sesaxeb~ kanonis im mux-lebiT, romelic mis mier saqmis ganxilvisas jer ar iyo amoqmedebuli. sakasacio sasa-marTlom ganmarta, rom `adamianis uflebaTa sayovelTao deklaraciis~ mixedviT yve-las aqvs perioduli fasiani SvebulebiT sargeblobis ufleba; amdenad, dasaqmebulisufleba _ yovelwliurad isargeblos anazRaurebadi SvebulebiT realizdeba damsaq-meblis valdebulebiT, uzrunvelyos dasaqmebulis fasiani SvebulebiT sargeblobisSesaZlebloba. Svebuleba aris dasaqmebulis ufleba, romlis realizeba dasaqmebulisnebis gamovlenazea damokidebuli. saqarTvelo `fasiani Svebulebis Sesaxeb~ 1936 wlis4 ivnisis konvenciis monawilea (ratificirebulia saqarTvelos parlamentis 1995 wlis



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22 Tebervlis dadgenilebiT), romelic aRiarebs Svebulebis uflebis gamoyenebas daavaldebulebs am konvenciis monawile yvela mxares uzrunvelyos am uflebis dacva.amasTan, konvenciis me-5 muxlis Sesabamisad, `erovnuli kanonebi an wesebi SeiZleba iT-valiswinebdes, rom pirma, romelic Tavisi yovelwliuri Svebulebis ganmavlobaSi imu-Savebs fasian samuSaoze, SeiZleba dakargos Svebulebis periodis anazRaureba~. sakasa-cio sasamarTlom miuTiTa, rom mosarCeles SeeZlo, moeTxova 2012 da 2013 wlebis kuT-vnili Svebulebis anazRaureba, Sromis kodeqsis 25-e muxliT gaTvaliswinebuli SesaZ-leblobis _ Svebulebis momdevno wlisaTvis gadatanis uflebis gamoyenebis SemTxve-vaSi, rac mosarCelis mier ver iqna dadasturebuli saqmeSi warmodgenili mtkicebule-bebiT.

socialuri davebi

socialuri davebi moicavs urTierTobaTa farTo speqtrs. socialuri urTierTo-bebis momwesrigebeli kanonmdeblobis kompleqsuri xasiaTi, socialuri uflebissubieqtTa araerTgvarovneba, zog SemTxvevaSi administraciuli organoebis miernormaTa arasaTanado ganmarteba da faqtobrivi garemoebebis arasrulyofilad ga-mokvleva, xSirad warmoSobs msgavsi kategoriis davebs. rogorc wesi, qveda instan-ciis sasamarTloebis mier sakiTxis sworad gadawyveta xdeba, Tumca arsebobs gamo-naklisebic. sakasacio sasamarTlos mier 2017-2018 wlebSi arsebiTad ganxilul saq-meTagan xazgasasmelia davebi, sadac gamovlenil iqna ara mxolod materialur-sa-marTlebrivi debulebebis arasworad ganmarteba-Sefasebis problematika, aramedaseve saproceso-samarTlebrivi xarvezebic, ramac rig SemTxvevebSi sakasacio sa-samarTlos mier axali gadawyvetilebis miRebis safuZveli warmoSva. Tavdapirve-lad aRsaniSnavia sapensio davebi, romlebic metwilad pensiis ukanono SeCereba-Sewyvetas Seexeboda da sadac mosarCeleTa mTavar mizans swored ukanonod Sewyve-tili pensiis aRdgena warmoadgenda. sapensio davebSi sakasacio palatam socialu-ri garantiebis saxiT misaRebi pensia ara mxolod erovnuli kanonmdeblobis, ara-med adamianis uflebaTa evropuli sasamarTlos mier dadgenili sasamarTlo praq-tikis WrilSi mimoixila da masze sakuTrebis uflebis gavrcelebis farglebi da-adgina.

erT-erT saqmeSi,150 romelSic davis sagani iyo saxelmwifo pensiis SeCereba da Sewyveta,Sefasebas saWiroebda ara mxolod Sewyvetis kanoniereba, aramed agreTve dasadgeni iyogamosayenebeli normatiuli regulireba, saapelacio palatam sakiTxis gadawyvetisasixelmZRvanela kanonqvemdebare normatiuli aqtis debulebebiT ise, rom ar Seufase-bia aRniSnuli aqtiT pensiis Sewyvetis safuZvlebis gansazRvris dasaSveboba. sakasa-cio palatam imsjela konkretuli administraciuli organoebisaTvis normaTSemoqme-debiTi uflebamosilebis miniWebis winapirobebsa da farglebze, delegirebis mniSvne-lobasa da amocanaze, kanonisa da kanonqvemdebare aqtis urTierTmimarTebaze. uzenae-si sasamarTlos mier `saxelmwifo pensiis Sesaxeb~ kanonis debulebebis analizis Sede-gad dadginda saxelmwifo pensiis gacemis kanoniT gauTvaliswinebeli safuZvliT Sew-yvetis dauSvebloba. saapelacio palatam gadawyvetilebis miRebisas ixelmZRvanela or-ganos mier uflebamosilebis gadametebiT gamocemuli kanonqvemdebare normatiuli aq-tiT, misi ZalaSi yofna ar gulisxmobda davis usaTuod am normis safuZvelze gadawyve-tis saWiroebas, radgan davis gadawyvetisas sasamarTlo uflebamosilia naklebi iuri-diuli Zalis mqone normatiuli aqtis ierarqiulad ufro maRali donis normatiuliaqtisadmi Sesabamisobis sakiTxi gadawyvitos mocemul saqmesTan dakavSirebiT da ase-Ti Seusabamobis dadgenis SemTxvevaSi uari Tqvas normatiuli aqtis gamoyenebaze, misiformaluri gauqmebis gareSe (incidenturi kontroli). gasaTvaliswinebelia agreTve,rom am saqmeSi, iseve rogorc sxva araerT SemTxvevaSic, ar dasturdeboda administra-ciul organos mier saxelmwifo pensiis SeCerebisa da Sewyvetis Sesaxeb aqtebis gamoce-

150 saqme #bs-815-807(k-16).


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ma, maTi mxarisaTvis gacnoba, rac damatebiT asabuTebda sarCelis safuZvlianobas, rad-gan am sferoze moqmedebs szak-is normebi warmoebis Catarebis, aqtis gamocemisa da mi-si adresatisadmi gacnobis Sesaxeb. sakasacio sasamarTlom kidev erTxel miuTiTa ad-ministraciuli warmoebis wesebis dacvis, aqtis gamocemisa da mxarisaTvis gacnobis au-cileblobasa da mniSvnelobaze.

amasTan, 2017 wels ganxilul saqmeTagan miTiTebuli dava ar iyo erTaderTi, sadac aR-niSul sakiTxebze gamaxvilda yuradReba. sxva saqmeSi,151 romelSic davis sagani asevesaxelmwifo pensiis SeCereba/Sewyveta iyo, aseve ar dasturdeboda saxelmwifo pensiisSeCerebisa da Sewyvetis Sesaxeb individualuri administraciul-samarTlebrivi aqte-bis gamocema da adresatisaTvis Cabareba. aRniSnul davaSi sakasacio sasamarTlom gan-marta, rom saxelmwifo pensiis gacemis SeCereba-Sewyvetis kanoniT gansazRvruli sa-fuZvlebis warmoqmna TavisTavad ar qmnis damoukidebel individualur regulacias,isini warmoadgenen konkretuli piris mimarT saTanado individualuri aqtis gamoce-mis pirobas da ara Tavad individualur aqts. saxelmwifo kompensaciis SeCereba xdebaara realaqtis anu mimRebisTvis kompensaciis gacemis SeCerebiT, aramed aRniSnulis Se-saxeb individualuri administraciul-samarTlebrivi aqtis gamocemiT, romlis gasa-Civrebis vadis aTvla xdeba ara SeCerebis kanoniT gansazRvruli pirobis dadgomidan,aramed SeCerebis Sesaxeb aqtis beneficiarisaTvis kanonmdeblobiT dadgenili wesiToficialuri Cabarebis momentidan. sakasacio sasamarTlom yuradReba gaamaxvila ad-ministraciuli organos mier aqtis gamocemis procesSi szak-iT dadgenili administra-ciuli warmoebis moTxovnebis dacvis saWiroebaze, rogorebicaa warmoebaSi daintere-sebuli mxaris monawileobis uzrunvelyofa, saqmis garemoebebis srulyofili gamok-vleva, aqtis gamocema, mxarisaTvis oficialurad gacnoba da sxv.. miuxedavad imisa, romsaapelacio palatis mier dadginda aqtebis gamoucemloba da Sesabamisad, maTi adresa-tisaTvis Caubarebloba, saapelacio instanciis sasamarTloSi sarCeli mainc ar dakma-yofilda im safuZvliT, rom normatiuli mowesrigebis gaTvaliswinebiT mxares undaevarauda aRniSnuli samarTlebrivi Sedegis (pensiis SeCerebisa da Sewyvetis) dadgomada miemarTa uflebamosili organosaTvis. sakasacio palatam erTmniSvnelovnad aRniSna,rom gamartivebuli warmoeba, proceduris ekonomiurobisa da efeqturobis moTxovne-bi, ar gulisxmobs adresatisaTvis aqtis gamocemis safuZvlebis da gamocemuli aqtisSesaxeb informaciis Seutyobineblobas, dauSvebelia mxares daekisros aqtis gasaCiv-rebis valdebuleba misi Sinaarsis oficialurad gacnobamde. saapelacio palatis mierarasworad Sefasda saqmeze dadgenili faqtobrivi garemoebebi da ugulebelyofil iqnaszak-iT dadgenili normatiuli danawesebi, ramac saqmeze araswori gadawyvetilebismiReba gamoiwvia. uzenaesma sasamarTlom yuradReba gaamaxvila pensiis, rogorc samis-dRemSio saxelmwifo gasacemis daniSnulebasa da mniSvnelobaze, mis SeCerebasa Tu Sew-yvetasTan dakavSirebuli gadawvetilebebis miRebisas szak-iT gansazRvruli moTxov-nebis zedmiwevniT dacvis aucileblobaze. aRniSnuli ganmartebebi uzenaesma sasamar-Tlom gaimeora 2018 wels arsebiTad ganxilul saqmeSic,152 romelic aseve pensiis SeCe-rebisa da Sewyvetis kanonierebas exeboda. miTiTebul davaSi sakasacio palatam kvlavgaamaxvila yuradReba aqtis gamocemis, adresatisaTvis aqtis gamocemis safuZvlebisda gamocemuli aqtis Sesaxeb informaciis Setyobinebis saWiroebaze.153

sakasacio sasamarTlos mier ganxilul kidev erT saqmeze iqca msjelobis sagnad pensi-is SeCereba-Sewyvetis kanoniereba,154 sadac dadgenil erTgvarovan praqtikasTan wina-aRmdegobis safuZvliT sakasacio sasamarTlos mier gauqmebul iqna saapelacio sasa-marTlos gasaCivrebuli gadawyvetileba da saqme xelaxla gansaxilvelad daubrunda

151 saqme #bs-365-360(k-16).152 saqme #bs-236-234 (k-16).153 aRniSnul garemoebebze uzenaes sasamarTlos farTod aqvs namsjeli 2017 wlamdec, magaliTad,

#bs-770-762(k-15) da #bs-854-836(k-12) saqmeebSi.154 saqme #bs-575-572(k-17).


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imave sasamarTlos. kerZod, sakasacio palatis miTiTebiT, iseve rogorc zemoxsenebuldavebSi, aRniSnul SemTxvevaSic mxedvelobaSi unda yofiliyo miRebuli is garemoeba,rom saqmis masalebSi ar moipoveboda mosarCelis pensiis SeCerebis, aseve pensiis Sew-yvetis Sesaxeb gadawyvetilebebi, rac saqmis xelaxla ganxilvisas saapelacio sasamar-Tlos Sefasebis sagani unda gamxdariyo. saapelacio palatas aseve unda emsjela sac-xovrebeli adgilis gamo pensioneris mier Tanxebis angariSidan ganaRdebis SeuZleb-lobis faqtTan dakavSirebiT. amasTan, sakasacio palatam ar gaiziara saapelacio sasa-marTlos msjeloba SeCerebuli pensiis ganaxlebis pirobebSi kanonmdeblobiT ara ume-tes erTi wlis pensiis miuRebeli Tanxis anazRaurebis dasaSvebad miCnevis Taobaze. sa-kasacio sasamarTlom adamianis uflebaTa evropuli sasamarTlosa da SemdgomSi saqar-Tvelos uzenaesi sasamarTlos mier dadgenil praqtikaze dayrdnobiT ganmarta, romsaxelmwifo pensiis miRebis ufleba adamianis uflebaTa da ZiriTad TavisuflebaTadacvis konvenciis pirveli damatebiTi oqmis pirveli muxliT garantirebul sakuTre-bad miiCneva. Sesabamisad, saapelacio sasamarTlos unda emsjela sapensio gasacemlisara Tu erTi wlis Sesabamisi odenobiT, aramed srulad anazRaurebis Taobaze. miuxe-davad sakasacio sasamarTlos mier erTxel ukve ganxilul da saapelacio sasamarTlo-saTvis xelaxla gansaxilvelad dabrunebis dros gakeTebuli miTiTebebisa, gasaCivre-buli ganCinebis dasabuTebisas saapelacio sasamarTlom srulad ar gaiTvaliswina sa-kasacio palatis mier gansazRvruli, mxedvelobaSi misaRebi garemoebebi, kerZod, mar-Talia, sakasacio sasamarTlos ganCinebiT ucvlelad darCa saapelacio sasamarTlosgasaCivrebuli ganCinebiT155 damdgari Sedegi, Tumca Seicvala misi dasabuTeba. sakasa-cio sasamarTlom ganmarta, rom individualuri administraciul-samarTlebrivi aq-tis ZalaSi Sesvla adresatisaTvis mis gacnobazea damokidebuli. Sesabamisad, pensiisSeCerebisa da Sewyvetis gadawyvetilebaTa gamocemis da maTi adresatisaTvis Cabare-bis an kanoniT gaTvaliswinebuli sxvagvari wesiT gacnobis sakiTxs fundamenturi mniS-vneloba mieniWa piris socialuri garantiebis dacvis kuTxiT, ramdenadac piris infor-mirebuloba aseT pirobebSi arsebiT gavlenas axdens mis mier samomavlod gansaxorci-elebel moqmedebebze. amasTan, sakasacio sasamarTlom Tavad miuTiTa Sesabamis samar-Tlebriv safuZvlebze da daasabuTa mosarCelisaTvis miuRebeli pensiis srulad anaz-Raurebis marTebuloba.

analogiuri ganmartebebis fonze dasabuTda zemoxsenebul kategorias mikuTvnebulisaqme,156 romelzec sakasacio sasamarTlom gaauqma saapelacio sasamarTlos gadawyve-tileba da axali gadawyvetilebis dasabuTebaSi aRniSna, rom marTalia, pirveli instan-ciis sasamarTlos gadawyvetilebiT sasarCelo moTxovna dakmayofilda da sadavo aq-tis baTilad cnobiT administraciul organos daevala miuRebeli pensiis anazRaure-ba, magram sasamarTlom gadawyvetileba samarTlebrivad sxvagvarad daasabuTa. saape-lacio sasamarTlom ki sruliad dausabuTeblad gaauqma pirveli instanciis sasamar-Tlos gadawyvetileba da argumentirebuli msjelobis gareSe daakmayofila ssip so-cialuri momsaxurebis saagentos saapelacio saCivari. sakasacio sasamarTlom miiCnia,rom axali gadawyvetilebis miRebisa da sakasacio saCivris dakmayofilebis ZiriTad mo-tivs warmoadgenda is mniSvnelovani garemoeba, rom pensiis SeCerebis sakiTxi indivi-dualuri administraciul-samarTlebrivi aqtis gamocemis gziT unda gadawyvetili-yo. aRniSnuli aqti ki kanoniT dadgenili wesiT unda gacnoboda pirs, ramdenadac igikanonier Zalas mxolod amis Semdgom iZenda.

saxelmwifo pensiis Sewyvetidan warmoiSva davac,157 romelSic piri dasaqmebuli iyo erT-erTi saministros ssip-Si, sapensio asakis miRwevis Semdeg daeniSna pensia, romelic mog-vianebiT Seuwyda sajaro samsaxurSi muSaobis gamo. daaxloebiT 3 wlis Semdeg pirma gan-cxadebiT mimarTa socialuri momsaxurebis saagentos pensiis daniSvnis moTxovniT, ra-

155 saqme #bs-798(k-18).156 saqme #bs-78-78(k-18).157 saqme #bs-259-259(k-18).


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zec uari eTqva sajaro uwyebaSi muSaobis safuZvliT. aRniSnuli uari pirma sasamar-TloSi gaasaCivra da damatebiT moiTxova sruli ganacduri periodis misaRebi pensiisjamuri odenobis anazRaureba. qveda instanciis sasamarTloebis mier sarCeli sruladdakmayofilda, pensiis daniSvnaze uaris Tqmis Sesaxeb aqtis baTilad cnobisa da pensi-is gacemis davalebis moTxovnebis nawilSi sakasacio saCivari dauSveblad iqna cnobi-li, Sesabamisad, am nawilSi qveda instanciis sasamarTloebis midgomebi ar Secvlila,Tumca uzenaesi sasamarTlos mier gansxvavebuli ganmartebebi gakeTda ganacduri pen-siis anazRaurebis moTxovnasTan mimarTebiT. sakasacio palatam yuradReba gaamaxvilaim garemoebaze, rom mosarCelem icoda pensiis gacemis Sewyvetis Sesaxeb, Tumca daax-loebiT 3 wlis ganmavlobaSi raime pretenzia organosaTvis ar wauyenebia. Sewyvetis ka-nonierebasTan mimarTebiT mosarCeles ar miumarTavs arc Sida da arc gare administra-ciuli kontrolis saSualebebisaTvis, ar miumarTavs zemdgomi organosaTvis adminis-traciuli saCivriT, ar aRuZravs sarCeli sasamarTloSi, riTac faqtobrivad daeTan-xma damdgar samarTlebriv Sedegs _ pensiis Sewyvetas. amasTanave, pensiis Sewyvetazegadawyvetilebis gausaCivrebloba ar arTmevda mosarCeles pensiis xelaxla daniSvnismoTxovnis uflebas, radgan normatiulad gansazRvrulia pensiis Sewyvetis safuZvlisaRmofxvris Semdeg, saerTo wesiT, pensiis xelaxla daniSvnis SesaZlebloba. yuradRebaam saqmeSic gamaxvilda pensiis SeCerebasa da Sewyvetas, aRdgenasa da xelaxla daniSvnasSoris sxvaobaze. saapelacio palatis gadawyvetileba gauqmda mxolod ganacduris anaz-Raurebis moTxovnis srulad dakmayofilebis nawilSi. identur sakiTxs exeboda saka-sacio sasamarTlos mier miRebuli kidev erTi gadawyvetileba,158 sadac qveda instanci-is sasamarTloebis gadawyvetileba miuRebeli pensiis srulad dakmayofilebis nawil-Si ar Seesabameboda miTiTebul sakiTxze saqarTvelos uzenaesi sasamarTlos praqti-kas. aRniSnul saqmeSi, im garemoebebze miTiTebiT, rom pensiis Sewyvetis Sesaxeb gadaw-yvetileba ar gasaCivrebula, ar dadgenila misi ukanonoba, aseve imis miTiTebiT, rommosarCelem moiTxova mxolod saxelmwifo pensiis daniSvnaze uaris Tqmis Sesaxeb saa-gentos gadawyvetilebis baTilad cnoba, sakasacio sasamarTlom miiCnia, rom ar arse-bobda mosarCelis sasargeblod miuRebeli pensiis srulad anazRaurebis piroba.

pensiis Sewyvetis kanonierebasTan dakavSirebiT sakasacio sasamarTlom ar gaiziara sa-apelacio sasamarTlos mier mocemuli davis gadawyvetisas saqarTvelos administra-ciuli saproceso kodeqsis 32-e muxlis me-4 nawilis gamoyeneba, Sesabamisad, garemoe-bebis sasamarTlos mier Sefasebis aucileblobis gaTvaliswinebiT, saWirod miiCnia ga-saCivrebuli ganCinebis gauqmeba da saqmis imave sasamarTlosaTvis xelaxla gansaxil-velad dabruneba.159 zemoxsenebuli dava Seexeboda ori saxelmwifos _ saqarTvelosa daisraelis moqalaqisaTvis pensiis Sewyvetas misi momvlelis gancxadebis safuZvelze,romelmac masze gacemuli mindobilobis wardgenis gziT mosarCelis mier pensiis isra-elSi miRebis motiviT misi marwmuneblisaTvis pensiis Sewyveta moiTxova. Tavis mxriv,mosarCelem gancxadebiT mimarTa ssip socialuri momsaxurebis saagentos Zveli Tbi-lisis socialuri momsaxurebis centrs pensiis ganaxlebis moTxovniT, Tumca israelSipensiis miuReblobis Sesaxeb mis mier Sesabamisi cnobis wardgenamde, administraciul-ma organom uari ganucxada mosarCeles saxelmwifo pensiis daniSvnaze. sakasacio sasa-marTlom miiCnia, rom mocemul SemTxvevaSi, ikveTeboda ara saqmisaTvis mniSvnelobismqone im faqtobrivi garemoebebis mopovebis, dadgenis Tu gamokvlevis saWiroeba, risiSesaZleblobac, SesaZloa, aqtis gamomcem administraciul organos hqonoda, aramedsasamarTlos mier maTTvis swori samarTlebrivi Sefasebis micemisa da gasaCivrebuliindividualuri administraciul-samarTlebrivi aqtebis materialuri kanonierebis Se-mowmebis aucilebloba, risi uflebamosilebac upirobod sasamarTlos kompetenciasganekuTvneboda.

saqmeSi, romelSic mosarCele, rogorc pirveli rigis memkvidre iTxovda gardacvlili



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mamis gardacvalebamde miuRebeli ori Tvis sakompensacio Tanxis gacemas,160 mosarCe-lis moTxovna pirveli instanciis sasamarTlom uaryo, xolo saapelacio instanciam na-wilobriv daakmayofila. sakasacio palatam srulad gaiziara sarCelis safuZvliano-bis Sesaxeb kasatoris mosazreba da ganmarta, rom saxelmwifo kompensacia, iseve ro-gorc pensiis miReba saerTaSoriso da Sida samarTlebrivi aqtebis Sesabamisad, pirisZiriTad socialur uflebaTa jgufs ganekuTvneba. kompensaciis gacemis SeCereba argulisxmobs masze uflebis dakargvas, mxolod imis gamo, rom kanonqvemdebare aqtiTdadgenili moTxovnebi, SeCerebuli saxelmwifo kompensaciis ganaxlebasTan dakavSi-rebiT kompensaciis mimRebi piris sicocxleSi mimarTvis Taobaze, ar iqna daculi. saka-sacio palatam aRniSna, rom vinaidan mindobilobis vadis gasvlis gamo, gaTvaliswine-bulia kompensaciis gacemis SeCerebis sakiTxi da aRniSnuli icavs saxelmwifos gasa-cemlis Tanxis aramiznobrivi gankargva/miTvisebisgan, SesaZlebelia gakeTdes Sefase-ba, rom kompensaciis gacemis SeCereba gulisxmobs erTwliani mindobilobis vadis gas-vlis SemTxvevaSi, proceduruli moTxovnebis SesabamisobaSi moyvanis aucileblobasda ar unda iwvevdes saxelmwifo kompensaciaze uflebis dakargvas. aseve erT-erT saq-meSi, romelSic mosarCelis moTxovnas warmoadgenda gardacvlili dedis sicocxleSimiuRebeli pensia,161 pirveli da saapelacio instanciis sasamarTloebma gansxvavebuligadawyvetilebebi miiRes. sabolood, sakasacio palatam, axali gadawyvetilebiT `sa-xelmwifo pensiis Sesaxeb~ saqarTvelos kanonze da adamianis uflebaTa evropuli sasa-marTlos praqtikaze miTiTebiT, pensiis miRebis ufleba ganixila sakuTrebis uflebisWrilSi da daakmayofila moTxovna.

saqmeze, romelSic davis sagani iyo erTjeradi daxmarebis gacema da materialuri zia-nis anazRaureba,162 pirveli instanciis sasamarTlom uaryo moTxovna, xolo saapela-cio sasamarTlom sarCeli srulad daakmayofila. sakasacio palatam erTjeradi dax-marebis gacemis nawilSi gaiziara saapelacio sasamarTlos mier gamotanili gadawyve-tilebiT damdgari Sedegi, radgan saqmeSi warmodgenili kompetenturi organos miergacemuli avadmyofobis mowmobiT dasturdeboda, rom arsebobda erTjeradi daxmare-bis saxiT gasacemi Tanxis saxelmwifo biujetidan mosarCeleze uflebis warmomSobinormatiuli aqtiT gaTvaliswinebuli gacemis safuZveli. amasTan, sakasacio palatamar gaiziara saapelacio sasamarTlos gadawyvetilebis is nawili, romliTac dakmayo-filda mosarCelis moTxovna materialuri zianis anazRaurebis Sesaxeb da miuTiTa, romzianis anazRaurebis moTxovnis samarTlebrivi safuZvlebis Semowmebisas upirvelesadunda dadgindes konkretulad zianis arseboba, mizezobrivi kavSiri da zianis odenoba.saqmeSi warmodgenili mtkicebulebebiT ar dasturdeboda mosarCelis mier gaweulixarjis kavSiri samsaxurebrivi movaleobis Sesrulebisas miRebul travmasTan, xolomosarCelis mier mkurnalobis Catarebis procesa da mis arasaTanadoobasTan dakavSi-rebiT pretenzia ar yofila dayenebuli da sadavod ar gamxdara saqarTvelos Tavdac-vis saministros mier Sesabamisi valdebulebebis darRvevis faqti, rac SesaZloa, gam-xdariyo zianis anazRaurebis safuZveli.

socialuri kategoriis davebSi aseve aRsaniSnavia saxelmwifo kompensaciasTan da-kavSirebuli saqmeebi. magaliTad, saxelmwifo kompensaciis daniSvnis Taobaze erT-erT saqmeze163 sakasacio sasamarTlos mier ar iqna gaziarebuli saapelacio sasamar-Tlos gasaCivrebuli ganCinebiT damdgari Sedegi, kerZod, sakasacio palatam miiCnia,rom mosarCele warmoadgenda saxelmwifo kompensaciis mimReb subieqts, qveda instan-ciis sasamarTloebis ganmartebebi, iseve rogorc administraciuli organos gadawyve-tilebebi, winaaRmdegobaSi modioda Tavad kompensaciis _ rogorc damatebiTi socia-luri dacvis garantiis arsTan, samarTalurTierTobis amgvari ganmartebiT ignori-rebuli iyo kompensaciis daniSvnis miznebi da iwvevda prokuraturis muSakTa mimarT

160 saqme #bs-667-663(2k-17).161 saqme #bs-400-397(k-17).162 saqme #bs-445-445(k-18).163 saqme #bs-671-664(k-16).


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Tanasworobisa da samarTlianobis principebis darRvevas. sakasacio sasamarTlom aR-niSna, rom qveda instanciis sasamarTloebma sworad gamoiyenes sadavo samarTalurTi-erTobis momwesrigebeli norma, Tumca arasworad ganmartes igi. kerZod, norma ar undayofiliyo gagebuli ise, TiTqos piri mxolod im SemTxvevaSi miiRebda kompensacias, Tumas uSualod prokuraturis organodan daTxovnis momentisaTvis eqneboda specialo-biT muSaobis aranakleb 20 wlis staJi, maT Soris, prokuraturis sistemaSi aranakleb 4wlis staJi. prokuraturis sistemidan daTxovnil muSaks kompensacia miecemoda imisgaTvaliswinebiT, rom prokuraturis organoebSi muSaobiT saxelmwifos winaSe gansa-kuTrebuli samsaxuri hqonda gavlili. aqedan gamomdinare, faqts, pirdapir prokura-turis organoebidan moxdeboda piris ganTavisufleba Tu sxva organodan, kompensaci-is daniSvnis sakiTxTan ar unda hqonoda gadamwyveti mniSvneloba, vinaidan amiT ar ic-vleboda is garemoeba, rom prokuraturis muSakma gansakuTrebuli Sroma gaswia saxel-mwifos winaSe. Sesabamisad, sakasacio palatam ganmarta, rom normaSi aRniSnuli termi-ni `daTxovnisas~ gulisxmobda ara uSualod prokuraturis organoebidan daTxovnisfaqts, aramed miuTiTebda piris samsaxuridan daTxovnis momentisaTvis kompensaciisgaangariSebis wesze. norma ganmartebuli unda yofiliyo imgvarad, rom prokuraturismuSaki kompensacias miiRebda prokuraturis organodan daTxovnis momentisaTvis misiTanamdebobrivi sargos odenobis gaTvaliswinebiT.

saxelmwifo kompensaciis SeCerebisa da Sewyvetis sakiTxebs exeboda 2018w. ganxilu-li saqme,164 romelSic sakasacio palatam xazi gausva saxelmwifo kompensaciis SeCere-basa da Sewyvetas Soris, kompensaciis ganaxlebasa da axlidan daniSvnas Soris arsob-riv sxvaobas. uzenaesma sasamarTlom yuradReba gaamaxvila sask-is 32.4 muxlis gamoye-nebis winapirobebze, socialuri uzrunvelyofis urTierTobebSi normis ukuZalis gav-rcelebaze, faqtebis utyuarad dadgenis mizniT saTanado mtkicebulebebis moZiebis,maTi srulyofilad gamokvlevisa da Sefasebis saWiroebaze, msgavsi kategoriis daveb-Si kanoniT gansazRvruli kompensaciis miRebis uflebis mqone subieqtTa wrisadmi mo-sarCelis kuTvnilebis utyuarad dadgenis aucileblobaze.

aRsaniSnavia sakasacio sasamarTlos mier ganxiluli kidev erTi saqme,165 sadac sakasa-cio palatam gasaCivrebuli ganCinebis gauqmebisa da sadavo sakiTxis axali gadawyveti-lebis miRebis gziT mowesrigebisas gansakuTrebuli yuradReba kompensaciis bunebasada misi daniSvnis miznebze gaamaxvila da miuTiTa, rom kasators saxelmwifo kompensa-ciis miRebis ufleba mopovebuli hqonda sasjelaRsrulebis sistemaSi muSaobis Sede-gad, mas Sinagan saqmeTa saministros sistemaSi arasodes umuSavia. Sinagan saqmeTa sami-nistros xaziT kompensaciis mimRebi gaxda mxolod imis gamo, rom sasjelaRsrulebissistema gadavida Sinagan saqmeTa saministros SemadgenlobaSi. sabolood, sakasacio pa-latis msjeloba warimarTa im kuTxiT, Tu romeli xaziT da ra odenobiT unda mieRosaxelmwifo kompensacia mosarCeles, ramac Sedegad gasaCivrebuli ganCinebis gauqmebada sasarCelo moTxovnis dakmayofileba gamoiwvia.

erT-erT saqmeze, romelSic sadavo iyo saxelmwifo kompensaciis daniSvna mniSvnelov-nad gamoxatuli SezRuduli SesaZleblobis mqone piris statusiT,166 pirveli instan-ciis sasamarTlos uari sarCelze ar gaiziara saapelacio sasamarTlom da ask-is 32.4muxliT daubruna administraciul organos sakiTxi gansaxilvelad. sakasacio pala-tam miiCnia, rom saapelacio sasamarTlos gadawyvetileba ar efuZneboda faqtobrivigaremoebebis srul da yovelmxriv gamokvlevas. saapelacio palatam sakanonmdeblo re-gulaciebis miuxedavad administraciul organos daavala iseTi garemoebebis gamok-vleva, rac ganmcxadeblis mier unda iqnes wardgenili kompensaciis miRebis Sesaxeb gan-cxadebasTan erTad, xolo samarTalwarmoebis etapze sask-is me-4 da me-19 muxlebiT mi-niWebuli saproceso kompetenciis gamoyenebiT sasamarTlos aqvs SesaZlebloba moi-

164 saqme #bs-395-392(k-17).165 saqme #bs-1160-1154(k-17).166 saqme #bs-13-13(k-18).


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povos mtkicebulebebi. sakasacio palatam ar gaiziara saapelacio palatis daskvna, rommosarCele eqceoda saxelmwifo kompensaciis mimReb pirTa wreSi, radgan ̀ samxedro val-debulebisa da samxedro samsaxuris Sesaxeb~ saqarTvelos kanonis me-2 muxlis pirvelipunqtisa da samxedro savaldebulo samsaxurSi namsaxurebis gaigivebis kanoniT gaTva-liswinebuli safuZveli ar arsebobs `samxedro, Sinagan saqmeTa organoebis da saxel-mwifo dacvis specialuri samsaxuridan TadarigSi daTxovnil pirTa da maTi ojaxis wev-rTa socialuri uzrunvelyofis Sesaxeb~ kanonis pirveli mulis ̀ a~ da ̀ d~ qvepunqtebi-Ta da `saxelmwifo kompensaciisa da saxelmwifo akademiuri stipendiis Sesaxeb~ saqar-Tvelos kanonis me-5 muxliT CamoTvlil pirebTan. moqmedi kanonmdeblobiT kompensa-ciis mimReb pirTa wre amomwuravad aris Camoyalibebuli, romelSic ar aris ssr kavSi-ris samxedro savaldebulo samsaxuri. sakasacio palatam miuTiTa, rom saqmeze dadge-nas saWiroebda mosarCelis samxedro wodeba, misi samxedro samsaxurSi namsaxurebis sa-fuZvlebi da unda dadgeniliyo, ramdenad aris kavSiri SesaZleblobebis SezRudvis faq-tsa da samxedro samsaxurSi miRebul travmas Soris, radgan, sakiTxis maregulirebelikanoniT saxelmwifo kompensaciis mimReb pirs warmoadgens piri _ romelsac aseTi sta-tusi miniWebuli aqvs `samedicino _ socialuri eqspertizis Sesaxeb~ saqarTvelos ka-nonis Sesabamisad.

2017 wels araerTi saqme iqna ganxiluli sakasacio palatis mier `policiis Sesaxeb~ sa-qarTvelos kanonis 50-e muxlis 11 punqtiT gaTvaliswinebuli uflebiT sargeblobisminiWebis Taobaze.167 Tavdapirvelad ar iyo Camoyalibebuli myari praqtika da saqmeeb-Si, romlebSic sadavo iyo `policiis Sesaxeb~ saqarTvelos kanonis 50-e muxliT gaTva-liswinebuli romeli SemTxveva vrceldeba mosarCelis mamkvidreblis gardacvaleba-ze, sakasacio palatam ganmarta, rom `saxelmwifo kompensaciisa da saxelmwifo akade-miuri stipendiis Sesaxeb~ saqarTvelos kanonSi cvlilebis Setanis Taobaze saqarTve-los kanonis proeqtTan dakavSirebiT ganmartebiT baraTs, romelic safuZvlad daedosarCelis dakmayofilebas, normatiuli Sinaarsi ar gaaCnia da amdenad, samoqalaqo sap-roceso kodeqsis me-6 muxlis Sesabamisad, ar arsebobda normatiuli aqtis proeqtisganmartebiTi baraTis safuZvelze sasamarTlos mier gadawyvetilebis gamotanis SesaZ-lebloba. sasamarTlos gadawyvetileba gamoaqvs mxolod kanonis safuZvelze da misiganmartebis sagans warmoadgens kanonmdeblis obieqturi miznis gansazRvra, xolo nor-mis ganmarteba unda efuZnebodes mosamarTlis mier normis aRqmas. rogorc miTiTebulsaqmeSi, aseve analogiur saqmeSi168 sakasacio palatam miiCnia, rom normis sworad Se-fardebisa da samsaxurebriv movaleobaTa SesrulebiT gamowveuli policielis daRup-vis SemTxvevis swori kvalifikaciisaTvis gadamwyvetia policielis mier masze dakis-rebul samsaxurebriv movaleobaTa Sesrulebasa da policielis gardacvalebas Sorismizez-Sedegobrivi kavSiris pirdapiri, uSualo jaWvis arseboba. kerZod, policielisgardacvaleba gamowveuli unda iyos swored imis Sedegad, rom man Tavisi samsaxureb-rivi movaleoba Seasrula an aseT movaleobas asrulebda `policiis Sesaxeb~ kanonis50-e muxlis 11 punqtSi CamoTvlili garemoebebis arsebobis pirobebSi da swored pro-fesiuli uflebamosilebis ganxorcielebas mohyva Sedegad misi gardacvaleba. am ka-tegoriis davebSi sakasacio palata mxolod ramdenime davis ganxilvis Semdeg _ 2018wels mivida sakiTxis amomwurav ganmartebamde. kerZod, sakasacio sasamarTlom samsa-xurebrivi movaleobis Sesrulebisas policielis gardacvalebis SemTxvevebTan dakav-Sirebul davebze erTiani praqtikis Camoyalibebis kuTxiT arsebiTad ganixila admi-nistraciuli dava da saapelacio sasamarTlos gadawyvetilebis gauqmebiT miiRo axa-li gadawyvetileba,169 sadac erTmaneTisgan gamijna ̀ policiis Sesaxeb~ saqarTvelos ka-nonis 50-e muxlis 1-li da 11 punqtebiT dadgenili SemTxvevebi, rac gansazRvravs gar-dacvlili policielis ojaxisaTvis socialur garantiebs _ erTjeradi fuladi dax-marebis odenobasa da yovelTviuri kompensaciis miRebis uflebas. miTiTebul saqmeSi



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saapelacio sasamarTlom arasworad ganmarta da araswori samarTlebrivi Sefaseba mis-ca `policiis Sesaxeb~ saqarTvelos kanonis 50-e muxlis 11 punqts. sakasacio sasamar-Tlos ganmartebiT, termini `samsaxurebrivi movaleobis Sesrulebis dros mosamsaxu-ris gardacvaleba~ farTo moculobisaa da samsaxurebriv movaleobaTa Sesrulebad iT-vleba, rogorc avtoavariaSi daRupva da janmrTelobis mdgomareobis gamo gardacva-leba, aseve iseTi SemTxvevebi, romlebic pirdapir aris dakavSirebuli policielis pro-fesiuli saqmianobis uSualo ganxorcielebasTan. `policiis Sesaxeb~ saqarTvelos ka-nonis 50-e muxlis 11 punqtiT gansazRvruli SemTxveva ki gulisxmobs obieqturi saf-rTxis arsebobis pirobebSi, uSualod policiuri RonisZiebebis ganxorcielebis pro-cesSi, policielis daRupvis an miRebuli Wrilobebis Sedegad gardacvalebis SemTxve-vas. amasTan, miTiTebuli kategoriis davebTan dakavSirebiT erT-erT saqmeze170 Sefase-ba mieca moTxovnis xandazmulobis sakiTxs, sadac xandazmulad iqna miCneuli 1992 wlisSemTxvevasTan dakavSirebiT 2016 wels dayenebuli moTxovna erTjeradi fuladi dax-marebis Taobaze. valdebuli piris mier moTxovnis aRiarebasa da xandazmulobis denisxelaxla dawyebasTan dakavSirebiT ki sakasacio sasamarTlos mier ganimarta, rom ad-ministraciis mier gacemuli dokumentis administraciuli organos mier valdebule-bis aRiarebad ganxilvisaTvis, sakmarisi ar aris, rom aRniSnul dokumentSi dafiqsire-buli iyos piris mimarT administraciuli organos davalianebis arseboba; masSi gamo-xatuli unda iyos administraciuli organos neba, mocemuli unda iyo dapireba, romsamomavlod administraciuli organo aanazRaurebs davalianebas. aseve ganimarta, rom`policiis Sesaxeb~ saqarTvelos kanonis 50-e muxlis 11 punqtiT gaTvaliswinebuli 100000 lari warmoadgens erTjerad kompensacias, romelTan dakavSirebiTac kanoni uku-Zalas ar adgens, is Zvel urTierTobaze ver gamoiyeneba. rac Seexeba yovelTviur kom-pensacias 1000 laris odenobiT, romelic eZleva ojaxis wevrs, masTan dakavSirebiT uku-Zala daadgina kanonma.

erT-erT saqmeSi mosarCele iTxovda misi Svilis samsaxurebrivi movaleobis Sesrule-bisas gardacvalebis gamo `samxedro mosamsaxuris statusis Sesaxeb~ saqarTvelos ka-nonis me-16 muxlis me-4 punqtiT gaTvaliswinebul daxmarebas.171 miTiTebuli uflebawarmoSobilia ̀ samxedro mosamsaxuris statusis Sesaxeb~ saqarTvelos kanonSi 2005 wlis20 aprilis #1337-Is kanoniT ganxorcielebuli cvlilebis Sesabamisad (parlamentisuwyebani, #25-26, 15.07.1998, gv.14), romliTac me-16 muxlis me-4 punqtiT gaTvaliswine-bul iqna samsaxurebrivi movaleobis Sesrulebisas daRupuli samxedro mosamsaxurisojaxisaTvis saxelmwifo biujetidan erTjeradi daxmarebis _ 15 000 laris odenobiTgacema. imave kanonis me-2 muxlis Tanaxmad, am kanonis moqmedeba ar vrceldeba am kano-nis amoqmedebamde warmoSobil samarTlebriv urTierTobebze. saqmeSi qveda instanci-is sasamarTloebis mier sarCelis dakmayofilebas safuZvlad daedo faqtebis araswo-ri Sefaseba da normis araswori ganmarteba, rac sakasacio palatam ar gaiziara da sa-marTlebriv urTierTobebSi kanonis codnis prezumfciis moqmedebaze, samoqalaqo ko-deqsis 128-e, 130-e da 131-e muxlebze miTiTebiT moTxovnis warmoSobis ufleba daukav-Sira im moments, roca mosarCelisaTvis cnobili gaxda misi Svilis gardacvalebis, gar-dacvalebis mizezisa da gardacvalebaze pasuxismgebeli piris Sesaxeb, Tumca samarTa-lurTierTobis warmoSoba _ samsaxurebrivi movaleobis Sesrulebisas samxedro mosam-saxuris daRupvis faqtis dadgenis mizniT uflebamosili organosaTvis mimarTva da-mokidebuli iyo mosarCelis moqmedebaze. amdenad, sakasacio palatam miuTiTa, rom impirobebSic ki, Tu `samxedro mosamsaxuris statusis Sesaxeb~ saqarTvelos kanonis me-16 muxlis me-4 punqtiT gaTvaliswinebuli uflebiT sargeblobas davukavSirebT pirissamxedro samsaxuris teritoriaze da uSualod samsaxurebrivi movaleobis Sesrule-bis dros gardacvalebis faqtis dadasturebis TariRs, aRniSnuli ver Secvlis im ga-remoebas, rom mosarCelem misi gardacvalebis faqtis dasadgenad mimarTa uflebamo-sil organos, roca ukve gasuli iyo moTxovnis samarTlebrivi safuZvlis amoqmedebi-



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dan moTxovnis xandazmulobis 10-wliani vada. ramdenadac, mocemul SemTxvevaSi moT-xovnis warmoSoba damokidebuli iyo mosarCelis moqmedebaze, rac man ganaxorciela ka-noniT gaTvaliswinebuli vadis darRveviT.

sakasacio platam xelaxla gansaxilvelad daubruna saapelacio sasamarTlos Svilisgardacvalebis gamo sarCos dakisrebis Sesaxeb aRZrul sarCelze dava.172 sakasacio pa-latam aRniSna, rom saapelacio sasamarTlos gadawyvetilebiT mopasuxes daevala sar-Cos dakisreba, iseT pirobebSi, rodesac saqmeze ar iyo gamokvleuli da dadgenili ram-denad akmayofilebda mosarCele sarCos mimRebi piris kanoniT dadgenil moTxovnebs,amasTan bundovani iyo misaRebi Tanxa warmoadgenda zianis anazRaurebas Tu saxelmwi-fo kompensacias, garda amisa, gasaCivrebuli gadawyvetilebidan ar dgindeboda, ra mtki-cebulebaze dayrdnobiT miiRo saapelacio palatam Tanxis dakisrebis Sesaxeb gadaw-yvetileba. sakasacio palatam miuTiTa, rom Tanxis anazRaurebis Sesaxeb moTxovnis sa-marTlebrivi Sefasebisas, upirvelesad, unda ganisazRvros, socialuri sferos mare-gulirebel normebs efuZneba is, Tu deliqtiT gamowveuli zianis anazRaurebis Sesa-xeb samoqalaqo kanonmdeblobas. moTxovnis uflebis faqtobrivi da samarTlebrivi sa-fuZvlebis saTanado Semowmebis SemTxvevaSi saapelacio palatas hqonda SesaZleblobadaedgina, ramdenad arsebobs administraciuli organos mier, mosarCelis sasargeblodyovelTviurad Tanxis gadaxdis valdebuleba, rac palatis mier ar iqna ganxorciele-buli. sakasacio palatam ganmarta, rom ziani (sarCos saxiT) gulisxmobs piris samar-Tlebrivad dacul sikeTeze garkveuli zemoqmedebiT gamowveuli uaryofiT Sedegebsda es zemoqmedeba unda momdinareobdes braleuli qmedebiT. sarCos dakisrebisaTvisaucilebelia dadgindes mopasuxis braleuli qmedeba, aRniSnuli faqtis dadgenis ga-reSe SeuZlebelia mizez-Sedegobrivi kavSiris dadgena mosarCelis meuRlis gardac-valebasa da mopasuxis mier masze dakisrebuli movaleobis braleulad Seusruleblo-basTan dakavSirebiT. im SemTxvevaSi, Tu dadgindeba zianis anazRaurebis mavaldebu-lebeli garemoebebi da arsebobs sarCos dakisrebis winapirobebi, samoqalaqo kodeqsis1006-e muxli akeTebs miTiTebas sarCos gadaxdis valdebulebis vadaze.

ori instanciis sasamarTlos mier nawilobriv dadebiTad gadawyvetili sarCeli xelax-la gansaxilvelad daubrunda saapelacio palatas, radgan sasarCelo moTxovnis _ mo-sarCeleTaTvis veteranis statusis miniWebaze uaris Tqmis Sesaxeb gadawyvetilebisbaTilad cnobis Sesaxeb faqtebi ar iyo saTanadod gamokvleuli. sakasacio palatis mo-sazrebiT mxolod sabrZolo mokvlevis arseboba ar warmoadgens statusis miniWebisaT-vis sakmaris mtkicebulebas da ar aris erTaderTi da utyuari mtkicebuleba veteranisstatusis miniWebisaTvis, ramdenadac aRniSnuli mtkicebulebis garda gaTvaliswine-bulia, rom veteranis statusis maZieblis mier wardgenil unda iqnes im periodSi miRe-buli jildoebis, samxedro travmebis Sesaxeb cnobebisa da maT xelT arsebuli sxva Se-saZlo dokumentebis dednebi da saTanadod damowmebuli aslebi. sakasacio palatam gan-marta, rom kanonmdebloba veteranis statusis maZiebels aniWebs farTo SesaZleblo-bas Sesabamisi statusis mopovebisaTvis da aZlevs SesaZleblobas, maT xelT arsebulinebismieri mtkicebulebiT daadasturon sabrZolo moqmedebebSi monawileoba. gansa-xilvel SemTxvevaSi dausabuTebeli iyo saapelacio palatis miTiTeba sakiTxis admi-nistraciuli organos mier arasrulyofilad gamokvlevasTan dakavSirebiT, im piro-bebSi, rodesac administraciuli organos mier Seswavlili iyo mosarCeleTa mier war-dgenili erTaderTi mtkicebuleba, sabrZolo mokvleva, aseve gamokiTxuli iyo TiTo-euli maTgani, romelTac ver gaixsenes sabrZolo moqmedebebSi monawileobis amsaxve-li konkretuli garemoebebi (ra viTarebaSi ibrZodnen). saapelacio palata ar miuTi-Tebda ra konkretuli sakiTxi ar iqna gamokvleuli administraciuli organos mxri-dan, ramac ganapiroba administraciuli organosaTvis saqmis xelaxla gansaxilveladdabrunebis aucilebloba. im pirobebSi, rodesac mosarCeleTa mier administraciuliorganosTvis wardgenili ver iqna iseTi saxis mtkicebuleba, romelic daadasturebdasabrZolo moqmedebebis periodSi, maTi samxedro formirebaSi samsaxurs da konfliq-

172 saqme #bs-925-921(k-17).


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tur zonaSi sabrZolo operaciebSi monawileobas, xolo rac Seexeba sabrZolo mokvle-vis aqts, igi warmoadgens komisiisaTvis warsadgen erT-erT da ara erTaderT dokuments,romliTac pirs unda mieniWos veteranis statusi.173

uzenaesma sasamarTlom ganixila agreTve saxelmwifo kompensaciis daniSvnis gaWianu-rebis gamo zianis anazRaurebasTan dakavSirebuli saqmec,174 romelzec marTalia, ar Sec-vlila saapelacio palatis mier gansazRvruli samarTlebrivi Sedegi, Tumca Seicvalagadawyvetilebis dasabuTeba, uzenaesma sasamarTlom imsjela sarCelis dakmayofile-bis samarTlebriv safuZvlebze, zianis anazRaurebidan an usafuZvlo gamdidrebidangamomdinare sarCelis dakmayofilebis SesaZleblobaze, mimdinare administraciuliwarmoebis farglebSi organos mier dainteresebuli piris daxmarebis, sakiTxis gadaw-yvetisaTvis obieqturad aucilebeli informaciis moZiebis saWiroebaze, administra-ciuli warmoebis inkviziciur xasiaTze.

mniSvnelovani gadawyvetilebebi iqna miRebuli socialuri daxmarebis sakiTxeb-Tan dakavSirebiT, sadac Sefaseba mieca ojaxis deklaraciis samarTlebriv bune-bas, aseve ganimarta ojaxis sareitingo qulis gansazRvris wesi.

magaliTad, erT-erT davaze175 sakasacio sasamarTlom, marTalia, Sedegobrivad gaizia-ra saapelacio sasamarTlos gadawyvetileba, Tumca rig sakiTxebSi ar daeTanxma saape-lacio sasamarTlos samarTlebriv Sefasebebs. miTiTebul saqmeSi, sadac davis sagansindividualur administraciul-samarTlebrivi aqtebis baTilad cnoba da zianis anaz-Raureba warmoadgenda, mosarCeleebi maT moTxovnas ZiriTadad im garemoebaze afuZ-nebdnen, rom socialuri momsaxurebis saagentos mier araswori informaciiT Sevsebu-li deklaraciis safuZvelze miniWebuli sareitingo qulis gamo SeuwydaT socialuriSemweobis gacema. maT mizans Semowmebis Sedegad gazrdili qulebis kanonierebis Ses-wavla-Sefaseba da miniWebuli axali sareitingo qulis Secvla warmoadgenda. amasTan,mosarCeleebs kanonieri interesi gaaCndaT administraciuli saCivris wardgenisas mi-niWebuli axali sareitingo qulis SeCerebis mimarT da mocemuli davis farglebSi maTZiriTad moTxovnas swored maTi ojaxis gadamowmebis Sedegad miniWebuli axali sarei-tingo qulis SeCereba da gazrdili qulebis Secvla warmoadgenda. saapelacio sasamar-Tlos gadawyvetilebiT baTilad iqna cnobili sadavo aqtebi da administraciul or-ganos wardgenili administraciuli saCivris ganxilva daevala. sadavo aqtebis kanoni-erebis Sefasebisas sakasacio sasamarTlom gaiziara saapelacio sasamarTlos daskvnaim mocemulobiT, sadac aRniSnuli iyo, rom socialuri momsaxurebis saagento ar iyouflebamosili uari eTqva administraciuli saCivris ganxilvaze da mas kanonismierivaldebuleba hqonda ganexila wardgenili administraciuli saCivari, Tumca ar gaizi-ara saapelacio sasamarTlos mosazreba sareitingo qulebis SeCerebis Taobaze mosar-CeleTa moTxovnis usafuZvlobasTan dakavSirebiT, rac ganpirobebuli iyo im garemoe-biT, rom sareitingo qulis miniWeba warmoadgenda qmedebas, romlis SeCerebac ar daiS-veboda. sakanonmdeblo normebis analizis safuZvelze sakasacio sasamarTlom miiCnia,rom administraciul-samarTlebrivi aqtis elementebisa da misi maxasiaTeblebis gaT-valiswinebiT, socialurad daucveli ojaxisTvis deklaraciis safuZvelze miniWebu-li sareitingo qula, romelic uSualod gansazRvravs ojaxis samarTlebriv mdgomare-obas, saqarTvelos zogadi administraciuli kodeqsis me-2 muxlis pirveli nawilis ̀ d~qvepunqtis safuZvelze warmoadgens individualur administraciul-samarTlebrivaqts. sakasacio sasamarTlos miTiTebiT, swored sareitingo quliT wydeba Semweobisgacema/ar gacemis sakiTxi da socialurad daucveli ojaxis mier rigi socialuri Se-RavaTebiT sargeblobis ufleba; xolo sareitingo qulis gamoTvlis wesi Tu uSualodojaxisTvis miniWebuli sareitingo qulis miwodebis forma, gavlenas ver moaxdens sa-reitingo qulis aqtad miCnevaze, vinaidan, ganmsazRvrelia ara misi forma, aramed misi

173 saqme #bs-838-834(k-17).174 saqme #bs-956-952(k-18).175 saqme #bs-509-506(2k-17).


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samarTlebrivi buneba. amdenad, sakasacio sasamarTlom sareitingo qulis samarTleb-rivi bunebidan gamomdinare, dainteresebuli mxarisTvis sareitingo qulis moqmedebisSeCerebis mniSvnelobisa da sareitingo qulis moqmedebis SeuCereblobiT damdgari Se-degebis gaTvaliswinebiT, aseve Tavad administraciuli saCivris miznebidan gamomdi-nare, ar gaiziara aRniSnul nawilSi saapelacio sasamarTlos msjeloba da gamoricxaadministraciuli saCivris wardgenis SemTxvevaSi sareitingo qulis moqmedebis SeCe-rebis dauSvebloba. rac Seexeba materialur zians (rac mosarCeleTa mtkicebiT gamow-veuli iyo swored gazrdili sareitingo qulis SeuCereblobiT), sasamarTlo im etapzemoklebuli iyo SesaZleblobas emsjela aRniSnulis Taobaze, vinaidan administraci-ul organos ar hqonda namsjeli saqarTvelos zogadi administraciuli kodeqsis 184-emuxlis safuZvelze sadavo sareitingo qulis SeCerebis moTxovnaze; moraluri zianisanazRaurebis safuZveli ki ar arsebobda.

sakasacio palatam aseve imsjela imaze, Tu ra mdgomareobiT arsebuli informaciebiTunda momxdariyo ojaxis sareitingo qulis gansazRvra.176 sakasacio palatis mier so-cialuri daxmarebis gacemasTan dakavSirebiT ganisazRvra ssip socialuri momsaxure-bis saagentos valdebuleba, rom saqarTvelos socialurad daucveli ojaxebis mona-cemTa erTian bazaSi ojaxis registraciisa da Sesabamisi sareitingo qulis miniWebismizniT, deklarireba ganexorcielebina rogorc ojaxis uflebamosili warmomadgen-lis mier miwodebuli informaciis, aseve, am informaciis Sesabamis sajaro dawesebu-lebebSi gadamowmebis gziT. amasTan, ̀ ojaxis deklaraciis~ Sevsebasa da sareitingo qu-lis gansazRvras Soris arsebuli drois monakveTis gaTvaliswinebiT, ssip socialurimomsaxurebis saagento valdebuli iyo gadaemowmebina uSualod sareitingo qulis mi-niWebis Semdgom Sesabamisi aqtis gamocemis dros arsebuli ojaxis socialur mdgoma-reobasTan dakavSirebuli ukanaskneli sajaro informaciebi da sareitingo qulis gan-sazRvra swored amgvar informaciebze dayrdnobiT moexdina. sakasacio sasamarTlom,agreTve, ar gaiziara saapelacio sasamarTlos msjeloba da mis sawinaaRmdegod xaz-gasmiT miuTiTa, rom deklaraciis xelmowera ar gamoricxavda piris SesaZleblobas,administraciuli saCivris wardgeniTa Tu sasamarTlo wesiT eWqveS daeyenebina ojaxisdeklaraciis Sedgenisa da daricxuli sareitingo qulis kanoniereba. aseT viTarebaSi,deklaraciaSi dafiqsirebuli da sareitingo qulis dasamuSaveblad specialur prog-ramaSi Setanili informaciis marTebuloba unda dadgeniliyo ara deklaraciaze xel-moweris arseboba-ararsebobis garkveviT, aramed ̀ ojaxis deklaraciaSi~ dafiqsirebu-li an/da programaSi Setanili informaciis realurad arsebul, obieqtur garemoebeb-Tan gadamowmebis gziT.

saqarTvelos uzenaesi sasamarTlos mier axali gadawyvetileba iqna miRebuli devni-lis statusTan dakavSirebiT ganxilul saqmezec,177 sadac sakasacio palatam sacxov-rebeli adgilis definiciasTan mimarTebiT dadgenil erTian sasamarTlo praqtikazedayrdnobiT, ar gaiziara saapelacio sasamarTlos msjeloba imis Taobaze, rom vinai-dan im dros moqmedi kanonis mixedviT, arasrulwlovnis sacxovrebel adgilad iTvle-boda da iTvleba mSoblis uflebis mqone mSoblebis sacxovrebeli adgili, mosarCelismudmiv sacxovrebel adgils im periodisaTvis (1990-1992 weli) mSoblebis sacxovrebe-li adgili _ martvilis raioni warmoadgenda da Tundac afxazeTSi biZis ojaxSi droe-biTi cxovreba ver iqneboda moazrebuli, rom man mudmivi sacxovrebeli adgili iZule-biT datova. aRniSnulis sapirispirod, sakasacio sasamarTlom yuradReba gaamaxvilaim garemoebaze, rom `saqarTvelos okupirebuli teritoriebidan iZulebiT gadaadgi-lebul pirTa _ devnilTa Sesaxeb~ saqarTvelos kanoni aris specialuri samarTlebri-vi aqti, sadac kanonmdebelma zustad gansazRvra da pirdapir miuTiTa im savaldebulopirobebze, romelTa arsebobis SemTxvevaSic piri CaiTvleba iZulebiT gadaadgilebulpirad _ devnilad. kerZod, kanonis danawesidan gamomdinare, imisaTvis, rom piri miCne-ul iqnes iZulebiT gadaadgilebulad _ devnilad aucilebelia, rom mas iZulebiT, sa-



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kuTari nebis sawinaaRmdegod uxdebodes Tavisi mudmivi sacxovrebeli adgilis dato-veba, adgilis, sadac igi Cveulebriv, yoveldRiur cxovrebas, saqmianobas eweva. sakasa-cio sasamarTlom dadgenilad miiCnia is garemoeba, rom mosarCele 1992 wlamde faqtob-rivad cxovrobda biZis ojaxSi, q. gagraSi da man iZulebiT datova aRniSnuli terito-ria. misi afxazeTSi mudmivad cxovrebis faqts adasturebda is garemoebac, rom igi 1983wels Sevida gagris saSualo skolaSi, sadac iswavla 7 klasi da 1994 wels daamTavramartvilis raionis sofel sergieTis saSualo skola. amdenad, sakasacio palatam mi-zanSewonilad miiCnia saapelacio sasamarTlos gadawyvetilebis gauqmeba, xolo admi-nistraciuli organos mier sadavo sakiTxis damatebiTi Seswavlis mizniT saqarTvelosadministraciuli saproceso kodeqsis 32.4 muxlis gamoyeneba.

devnili mosarCelis sacxovrebeli farTiT dakmayofilebis nawilSi aqtisa da xel-Sekrulebis baTilad cnobis Taobaze aRZrul sarCelze178 ori instanciis sasamarTlosmier dadebiTad gadawyvetili dava xelaxla gansaxilvelad daabruna sakasacio pala-tam im garemoebaze miTiTebiT, rom pirveli da saapelacio instanciis sasamarTloebmaar Seamowmes sarCelis Sesabamisoba sask-is me-17 muxlis pirveli nawilisa da sssk-is102-e muxlis moTxovnebTan da daakmayofiles mosarCelis moTxovna ise, rom saqmeSi ariyo warmodgenili arc erTi mtkicebuleba, romelic daadasturebda mosarCelis miermiTiTebul garemoebebs. sasamarTlos ar gamoukvlevia saqarTvelos okupirebuli te-ritoriebidan iZulebiT gadaadgilebul pirTa, gansaxlebisa da ltolvilTa saminis-tros werilis miRebamde mosarCeles unda Seetyo Tu ara misi uflebis darRvevis Sesa-xeb. sakasacio palatam sakiTxis maregulirebeli mTeli rigi normebiT gaTvaliswine-buli wesebis moSveliebiT saapelacio sasamarTlos misca miTiTeba davaze daedgina radroidan unda scodnoda mosarCeles misi uflebis darRvevis _ misi Tanxmobis gareSesadavo xelSekrulebis gaformebis Sesaxeb.

aseve aRsaniSnavia devnilis grZelvadiani sacxovrebeli farTiT uzrunvelyofissakiTxTan dakavSirebiT erT-erTi dava, sadac sakasacio sasamarTlo ar daeTanxma qvedainstanciis sasamarTloebs da saqmeze miiRo axali gadawyvetileba.179 sakasacio sasa-marTlom miiCnia, rom mosarCeles marTebulad eTqva uari sacxovrebeli farTis sanac-vlod fuladi kompensaciis miRebaze, vinaidan misi ojaxis wevrs ukve miRebuli hqondakompensacia. ganimarta, rom devnilTa Sesaxeb kanonmdeblobis mixedviT fuladi kom-pensaciiT dakmayofilebis subieqts warmoadgenda devnili ojaxi da ara TiToeuli dev-nili cal-calke. amasTan, sakasacio sasamarTlom mniSvnelovnad miiCnia miTiTebulidavis gansxvaveba im saqmeebisagan, romlebSic saqarTvelos ekonomikisa da mdgradi gan-viTarebis saministro figurirebs, sadac am ukanasknelis mier moqalaqeebTan adminis-traciuli xelSekrulebis dadebisas aucilebelia maTi werilobiTi Tanxmoba, ris ga-reSec administraciuli xelSekruleba ZalaSi ver Sevidoda. sakasacio sasamarTlomganmarta, rom xelSekruleba, rogorc samoqalaqo instituti aris ormxrivi (an mraval-mxrivi) nebis gamovlena, romelic mimarTulia samarTlebrivi urTierTobis warmoSo-bis, Secvlis an Sewyvetisaken. xelSekruleba ideba xelSekrulebis mxareebis urTier-TTanmxvedri, saerTo miznisaken mimarTuli nebis gamoxatvis Sedegad, Sesabamisad, ne-bis ararsebobis SemTxvevaSi ar arsebobs administraciuli xelSekrulebac. mocemulSemTxvevaSi, neba gamoxatuli iyo ojaxis erT-erTi wevris, ojaxis ufrosis mier da igu-lisxmeboda, rom mas xelSekrulebis gaformebisas miRebuli hqonda ojaxis srulwlo-vani wevrebis Tanxmobac, vinaidan saqmis masalebiT ar dasturdeboda raime ukanono sa-xis zemoqmedeba, rac mas aiZulebda misi nebis sawinaaRmdegod xeli moewera xelSekru-lebaze.

178 saqme #bs-133-131(2k-17).179 saqme #bs-681-681(k-18).


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sagadasaxado davebi

saqarTvelos uzenaesi sasamarTlos mier 2017-2018 wlebSi arsebiTad ganxilul sa-gadasaxado davebTan mimarTebiT SesaZloa iTqvas, rom gasaCivrebuli gadawyveti-lebebis/ganCinebebis gauqmeba da saqmeze axali gadawyvetilebis miReba, umetesad,saapelacio sasamarTlos mosazrebebis gauziareblobisa da maTi Secvlis saWiro-ebis Sedegs warmoadgenda. rig SemTxvevebSi, gasaCivrebul gadawyvetilebaSi/gan-CinebaSi vlindeba iseTi materialuri da saproceso-samarTlebrivi xarvezebi, rom-lebic arsebiT gavlenas axdenen saqmis Sedegze. Tavis mxriv, faqtobrivi garemoe-bebis daudgenlobisa da srulyofilad gamoukvlevobis motiviT gauqmebul gadaw-yvetilebebze saqmis saapelacio sasamarTlosaTvis xelaxla gansaxilvelad dab-runebis saWiroeba warmoiSva, xolo rig SemTxvevebSi, miuxedavad saapelacio sasa-marTlos mier konkretuli SedegiT saqmis gadawyvetis gaziarebisa, sakasacio pa-latam sadavo sakiTxebis saTanado dasabuTebis saWiroebisa da erTiani sasamarTlopraqtikis gaRrmavebis mizniT arsebiTad imsjela.

administraciul saqmeTa palatis mier ganxilul saqmeTagan aRsaniSnavia sagadasaxadodava,180 romelzec sadavo aqtebis kanonierebis Seswavlisas sakasacio palatam Seafasasagadasaxado Semowmebisas sakanonmdeblo aqtebSi arsebuli xarvezis pirobebSi gada-saxadis gadamxdelis mier arasworad daangariSebuli mosakreblis gamo daricxuli Zi-riTadi gadasaxadis daricxvis kanoniereba. sakasacio palatam axali gadawyvetilebiTgaauqma saapelacio sasamarTlos gasaCivrebuli ganCineba da mosarCeles uari uTxrasarCelis dakmayofilebaze. sakasacio sasamarTlom xazgasmiT miuTiTa, rom kanoni un-da ganimartos sistemurad, yvela principis dacviT. sakasacio sasamarTlom aseve aR-niSna, rom sakanonmdeblo da sasamarTlo xelisuflebis gamijvnis principidan gamom-dinare, mniSvnelovania normis ganmartebisas sasamarTlo ar gascdes kanonis farglebs.sasamarTlo ganmartavs samarTlis normebs, magram ar qmnis maT. marTlmsajuleba Se-boWilia kanoniT. aRniSnuli ZiriTadi principi gansazRvrulia saqarTvelos konsti-tuciis 84-e muxlis pirvel punqtSi, romlis Tanaxmad, mosamarTle Tavis saqmianobaSidamoukidebelia da emorCileba mxolod konstituciasa da kanons. zemoaRniSnulis sa-fuZvelze, xelisuflebis danawilebis principis gaTvaliswinebiT, sasamarTlos ar ga-aCnia kanonSemoqmedebiTi funqcia, igi axdens mxolod normis ganmartebas Sesabamisikanonis farglebSi. amdenad, sakasacio sasamarTlom miiCnia, rom aramarTebuli iyo sa-apelacio sasamarTlos msjeloba ZiriTadi gadasaxadisagan mosarCelis gaTavisufle-bis Taobaze, vinaidan, kanoniT dawesebuli gadasaxadebis gardauvali gadaxdis princi-pis Tanaxmad, sagadasaxado sanqcia gamijnulia sagadasaxado valdebulebisagan. saga-dasaxado sanqciis gadaxda ar aTavisuflebs pirs kuTvnili sagadasaxado valdebule-bis Sesrulebisagan.

sakasacio palatis mier yuradReba gamaxvilda aseve sagadasaxado organos ganmartebe-bis mniSvnelobaze, maTi gacemis samarTlebriv Sedegze, jarimisa da sauravisagan gada-saxadis gadamxdelis gaTavisuflebis sagadasaxado kodeqsiT gaTvaliswinebul wina-pirobebze.181 saqmeze faqtobrivi garemoebebis srulyofilad gamokvlevis miuxedavad,saapelacio sasamarTlom nawilobriv arasworad moaxdina maTi samarTlebrivi Sefase-ba, dRg-s Ziri Tanxis daricxvis kanonierebis dadgenis gamo, imTaviTve marTlzomie-rad miiCnia jarimisa da sauravis daricxva ise, rom ar Seufasebia maTi gadaxdis valde-bulebisagan mewarmis gaTavisuflebis SesaZlebloba. aRniSnulidan gamomdinare, saka-sacio palatam nawilobriv gaauqma saapelacio sasamarTlos gadawyvetileba da axaligadawyvetilebiT baTilad cno sagadasaxado organos aqti arasamewarmeo ekonomikursaqmianobaSi gamoyenebadi uZravi qonebis gasxvisebis gamo individualuri mewarmisaT-vis gadasaxadis Zir Tanxaze sauravisa da jarimis dakisrebis nawilSi da organos daava-la saqmis garemoebaTa xelaxla gamokvleva. sakasacio palatam, operaciis ganxorcie-



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lebis dros moqmedi kanonmdeblobisa da saqmeze dadgenili faqtobrivi garemoebebisgaTvaliswinebiT, gaiziara saapelacio sasamarTlos miTiTeba gadasaxadis ZiriTadiTanxis daricxvis marTlzomierebis Sesaxeb im safuZvliT, rom sagadasaxado organosganmartebas ar aqvs sasamarTlosaTvis savaldebulo mniSvneloba, Tumca jarimisa dasauravis daricxvis kanonierebis Sefasebisas, sakasacio palatam gaiTvaliswina, rom sa-davo periodSi finansTa saministros uflebamosili piri sagadasaxado kanonmdeblo-bis aRsrulebis mizniT gamoscemda brZanebebs, Sida instruqciebs da meTodur miTiTe-bebs, riTic xelmZRvanelobdnen sagadasaxado organoebi. miuxedavad imisa, rom meTo-dur miTiTebebs gadamxdelis mimarT ar hqondaT normatiuli, imperatiuli xasiaTi, mi-TiTeba warmoadgenda sagadasaxado organoebis mier sagadasaxado kanonmdeblobis gan-martebis da gamoyenebis oficialur dokuments. aRniSnul saqmeSi sagadasaxado inspeq-ciebs mieTiTaT, rom fizikuri piris mier sakuTrebaSi arsebuli qonebis erTjeradirealizacia ar unda ganxiluliyo ekonomikur saqmianobad. vinaidan gadamxdelis miergadasaxadis gadauxdelobas safuZvlad edo sagadasaxado organos ganmarteba, romli-Tac, rogorc wesi, xelmZRvanelobdnen sagadasaxado organoebi sagadasaxado kanonmdeb-lobis aRsrulebis procesSi da romlis gamoyeneba gadasaxadis gadamxdels, misTvisarasavaldebulo xasiaTis miuxedavad, SeeZlo Tavis saqmianobaSi, rac qmnida gadamxde-lis SecdomaSi Seyvanis garkveul pirobas, SeZlebisdagvarad erTmniSvnelovani da cxa-di unda iyos ara mxolod sagadasaxado kanonmdebloba, aramed sagadasaxado organoe-bis mier sagadasaxado kanonmdeblobis ganmarteba, sadavo aqtebis gamocemis dros nam-sjeli ar yofila moqmedi kodeqsiT gaTvaliswinebuli sanqciisgan gaTavisuflebis pi-robebze, mosarCelis keTilsindisierad miCnevaze, gadauxdelobis mizezis _ Secdomisarsebobaze.

saqmeSi, mosarCele sadavod xdida azartuli da momgebiani TamaSobebis TiToeul saxe-obaze nebarTvis mflobelis mier sanebarTvo pirobebis Sesrulebis kontrolis safuZ-velze pasuxismgeblobis dakisrebis Sesaxeb aqtebis kanonierebas.182 pirveli da saape-lacio instanciis sasamarTloebis mier sarCelis dakmayofilebis Taobaze gadawyve-tileba ar gaiziara sakasacio palatam da miiCnia, rom qveda instanciis sasamarTloe-bis mier sakiTxis maregulirebeli normebis ganmarteba ar Sesabameboda kanonmdeblismizans. gansaxilvel SemTxvevaSi sadavo iyo momgebiani TamaSobebis gare perimetrze vi-deokontrolis (videoCaweris) wesis (sanebarTvo pirobis) dacvis (Sesrulebis) sakiT-xi. normatiuli aqtiT dadgenilia, rom momgebiani TamaSobebis gare perimetrze video-Caweris valdebuleba arsebobs mudmivad. Sesabamisad, organizatori valdebulia uz-runvelyos TamaSobebis gare perimetrze videoCaweris uwyvetoba, winaaRmdeg SemTxve-vaSi, iTvleba, rom is ar asrulebs kanoniT dakisrebul valdebulebas (sanebarTvo pi-robas), rac administraciul samarTaldarRvevas warmoadgens da iwvevs Sesabamis pa-suxismgeblobas. sakasacio palatam miuTiTa administraciuli samarTaldarRvevisaT-vis saxdelis dadebis ganxorcielebis administraciuli samarTlis umniSvnelovanesiprincipis _ kanonierebis principis zedmiwevniT dacvis valdebulebaze 2013 wlis ga-dawyvetilebaSi gakeTebul ganmartebaze.183 samarTaldarRvevas warmoadgens sanebar-Tvo pirobebis Seusrulebloba _ rac gansaxilvel SemTxvevaSi saxeze iyo, ramdenadactotalizatoris gare perimetrze videoCawera ar mimdinareobda mudmivad. amasTan, imisgaTvaliswinebiT, rom kanoni TamaSobebis organizators avaldebulebs Senoba-nagebo-ba uzrunvelyos mudmivi denis wyaroTic. sasamarTlos ar gaaCnia kanoniT gaTvaliswi-nebuli SesaZlebloba imsjelos mosarCelis mier miTiTebuli garemoebis pasuxismgeb-lobis Semamsubuqebel garemoebad miCnevis Taobaze. miT ufro im pirobebSi, rodesacCamweri mowyobilobis mwyobridan gamosvlis konkretuli _ utyuari safuZveli sasa-marTlosTvis cnobili ar iyo. sakasacio palatam aseve ganmarta, miuxedavad imisa, romsagadasaxado kanonmdebloba ar iTvaliswinebs raime specialur wess, Tu rogor undamoiqces TamaSobebis organizatori teqnikuri saSualebis (videoCamweri mowyobilo-



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bis) dazianebis SemTxvevaSi, is garemoeba, rom organizatori valdebulia azartul dasxva momgebiani TamaSobebis gare perimetrze damontaJebuli sistemiT videoCaweraawarmoos mudmivad, xolo videoCaweris Sedegad miRebuli magnituri lentebi (eleq-tronuli informacia), Sesabamisi CanawerebiT, aranakleb 30 dRisa Seinaxos saTanadoddacul adgilze da dasabuTebuli moTxovnisTanave Sesamowmeblad warudginos saqar-Tvelos Sinagan saqmeTa saministros an/da sxva uflebamosil pirs _ subieqts akisrebsvaldebulebas saTanado gulisxmierebiT miudges informaciis Seqmnisa (Cawera) da misiSenaxvis process, rac gulisxmobs yvela saWiro zomis miRebas (maRalxarisxiani da Se-sabamisi garantiis mqone teqnikuri mowyobilobis (videosistemis) montaJi, saTadari-go teqnikuri aRWurvilobis montaJi da sxva) sanebarTvo pirobebis (kanoniT gaTvalis-winebuli valdebulebis) Sesasruleblad. aRniSnuli valdebulebis ugulebelyofiTtotalizatoris funqcionireba (muSaoba) adasturebs bralis arsebobas, rac mewarmesubieqtis mimarT sajarimo sanqciis gamoyenebis safuZvelia.

sakasacio sasamarTlos mier sagadasaxado samarTaldarRvevebTan mimarTebiT ganxi-lul saqmeTagan aRsaniSnavia sakontrolo-salaro aparatis dakargvasTan dakavSi-rebuli erT-erTi dava,184 sadac sakasacio palatis mier ganimarta, rom gadasaxadis ga-damxdels sakontrolo-salaro aparatis dakargvis gamo pasuxismgebloba ar daekisre-ba mxolod im SemTxvevaSi, Tu dadgindeba, rom sakontrolo-salaro aparatis dakargvagamowveuli iyo sxva piris marTlsawinaaRmdego qmedebiT, anu sakanonmdeblo normacalsaxad adgens, rom saxeze unda iyos kanonmdeblobis Sesabamisad dadgenili da da-dasturebuli faqti, rom mewarmes sakontrolo-salaro aparatis dakargvaSi brali armiuZRvis da misi dakargva gamowveulia sxva piris braleuli qmedebiT an dauZleveliZalis arsebobiT. amdenad, sakasacio sasamarTlom mizanSewonilad miiCnia saqarTvelosadministraciuli saproceso kodeqsis 32.4 muxliT gaTvaliswinebuli saproceso Se-saZleblobis gamoyeneba da ganmarta, rom aRniSnuli davis kanonierad gadawyvetisaT-vis principuli iyo garkveuliyo mewarmis im qmedebis braleulobis sakiTxi, romelicsagadasaxado organoebma samarTaldarRvevad daakvalificires. amasTan, sakasacio sa-samarTlom yuradReba gaamaxvila, rom dabegvrasTan dakavSirebuli monacemebis Senax-visaTvis dadgenili valdebulebidan gamomdinare, gadamxdeli valdebuli iyo uzrun-veleyo sakontrolo-salaro aparatis saTanado Senaxva-daculoba 6 wlis ganmavloba-Si. aRniSnulidan gamomdinare, sakasacio sasamarTlom miuTiTa, rom sakiTxis xelaxlaganxilvisas arsebiTi iyo ssip Semosavlebis samsaxuris mier Seswavliliyo mosarCelispiradi aRricxvis baraTi da gamokvleuliyo, moxda Tu ara 2007 wlis Semdeg gadasaxa-dis daricxva. Sesabamisad, Semowmebuliyo, iyo Tu ara SesaZlebeli gansaxilvel Sem-Txvevaze aRniSnuli regulaciis gavrceleba.

xazgasasmelia aseve administraciul saqmeTa palatis mier gakeTebuli samarTlebriviSefasebebi saqarTvelos sabaJo sazRvarze sabaJo kontrolis wesebis darRveviT Ca-denil sagadasaxado samarTaldarRvevebTan dakavSirebiT,185 kerZod, sakasacio sa-samarTlom ar gaiziara saapelacio sasamarTlos mier saqarTvelos administraciulisaproceso kodeqsis 32.4 muxlis gamoyeneba da miiCnia, rom aRniSnul davasTan mimarTe-biT, ar arsebobda damatebiT faqtobriv garemoebaTa kvlevis, agreTve, administraci-ul organoTa mier miRebuli gadawyvetilebis damatebiT dasabuTebis saWiroeba. saka-sacio sasamarTlom aRniSna, rom saqoneli, romelic Tan ar axlavs sabaJo sazRvarzegadamaadgilebel pirs da moTavsebuli ar aris mgzavris bargsa Tu xelbargSi, warmo-adgens arapiradi gamoyenebis nivTs, romelic eqvemdebareba deklarirebas. amasTan, sa-kasacio sasamarTlom ar gaiziara mosarCelis mtkiceba CamorTmeuli nivTebis erTdro-ulad tarebasTan dakavSirebiT, ramdenadac am saqonelTa SemadgenlobaSi Sedioda oriwyvili sayure, aseve, iseTi nivTebi, romelTa sxeulze gakeTeba da tareba SeuZlebe-lia, kerZod, oqros moneta da halstuxis samagri. sakasacio sasamarTlos mier saape-



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lacio sasamarTlos Sefasebis sawinaaRmdegod, agreTve, ganimarta, rom sabaJo kontro-lisagan malulad saqonlis gadmotana/gadatana gulisxmobs rogorc specialuri sama-laviT, anu manqanis konstruqciiT gauTvaliswinebeli, araqarxnuli, kustarulad dam-zadebuli, saqonlis faruli gadazidvisaTvis mowyobili specialurad daxuruli sa-SualebiT, aseve, mis gareSe saqonlis sabaJo wesebis darRveviT gadazidvas. amasTan, sa-kasacio sasamarTlom ar gaiziara saapelacio sasamarTlos miTiTebebi samarTaldar-Rvevis ganzrax Cadenis faqtis dadgenis SeuZleblobasTan mimarTebiT da ganmarta, romsagadasaxado samarTaldarRvevis samarTlebrivi buneba dakavSirebulia piris rogorcbraleul, aseve, gaufrTxilebel qmedebasTan. aRniSnul saqmeze, sakasacio sasamarTlommiuTiTa, rom saapelacio sasamarTlos mier davis ganxilvisas gamoyenebul iqna saqar-Tvelos sabaJo kodeqsis danawesebi, romelic sadavo periodisaTvis moqmedi saqarTve-los sagadasaxado kodeqsis safuZvelze, Zaladakargulad iyo cnobili. amasTan, saka-sacio palatam ar gaiziara Tarjimnis mouwvevlobis sakiTxTan dakavSirebiT saapela-cio sasamarTlos Sefasebebi da ganmarta, rom saqmeSi monawile warmoebis enis armcod-ne mxaris TarjimniT aRWurva ara administraciuli organos valdebulebas, aramed Ta-vad sagadasaxado pasuxisgebaSi micemuli piris uflebas warmoadgenda, romlis rea-lizebac, aseve mis nebaze iyo damokidebuli, miT ufro maSin, rodesac sabaJo departa-mentis TanamSromlebsa da sagadasaxado pasuxisgebaSi micemul pirs Soris komunika-cias warmoebis enis mcodne piri uzrunvelyofda.

saqarTvelos sagadasaxado kodeqsis 273-e muxliT gaTvaliswinebuli sagadasaxado sa-marTaldarRvevis oqmis baTilad cnobis Taobaze sarCelze186 sakasacio saCivari efuZ-neboda saapelacio sasamarTlos mier kanonis araswor gamoyenebas da saqmis faqtobri-vi garemoebebis araswor samarTlebriv Sefasebas, rac sakasacio sasamarTlom gaizia-ra, miiCnia, rom ar arsebobda saapelacio sasamarTlos samarTlebrivi Sefasebis gazi-arebis SesaZlebloba mosarCelis qmedebis SefasebasTan dakavSirebiT da saqarTvelosfinansTa ministris 2010 wlis 31 dekembris #994 brZanebis Sesabamisad, ganmarta miTi-Tebuli muxliT gaTvaliswinebuli samarTaldarRvevis aRmofxvris SesaZlebloba, oq-mis Sedgenis procedura da wesi. sakasacio palatam ganmarta, rom gadasaxadis gadam-xdelTa umTavresi valdebuleba gadasaxadebis droulad da srulad gadaxdaa, sagada-saxado kodeqsiT gaTvaliswinebuli sxva ufleba-movaleobebic am valdebulebis srul-yofilad SesrulebasTanaa dakavSirebuli. gadasaxadis gadamxdelad aRricxva ki da-kavSirebulia am movaleobis jerovan SesrulebasTan, sagadasaxado organoebis SesaZ-leblobasTan, gaakontrolon gadamxdelis mier gadasaxadis gadaxda.

amavdroulad mniSvnelovania aRiniSnos sakasacio sasamarTlos mier 2017 wels arsebi-Tad ganxiluli, faqtobrivi garemoebebiT TiTqmis identuri ori sagadasaxado dava,187

romelzec gauqmda saapelacio sasamarTlos ganCineba da saqme xelaxla gansaxilveladdaubrunda imave sasamarTlos im safuZvliT, rom saapelacio sasamarTlos mier dausa-buTeblad iqna gamoyenebuli saqarTvelos administraciuli saproceso kodeqsis 32-emuxlis me-4 nawiliT gansaRvruli procesualuri SesaZlebloba. saapelacio palatassruli uflebamosileba hqonda Tavad gadaewyvita dava da mosarCelis moTxovnis far-glebSi Seemowmebina gasaCivrebuli individualuri administraciul-samarTlebrivi aq-tebis materialuri kanoniereba, ramdenadac gasaCivrebuli aqtebis miRebisas ar iyodarRveuli aqtis gamocemis is procedurebi, rac upirobod Seqmnida saqmis xelaxlagansaxilvelad dabrunebis winapirobas; xolo Tu davis gadawyvetisas sasamarTlo sa-Wirod miiCnevda garkveuli faqtobrivi garemoebebis gamokvlevas an dadgenas, SesaZ-lebloba hqonda esargebla saqarTvelos administraciuli saproceso kodeqsis dana-wesebiT miniWebuli saproceso kompetenciiT da Tavad moepovebina mtkicebulebebi. sa-apelacio sasamarTlos ar dausabuTebia, ratom iyo SezRuduli Tavad gamoekvlia isi-ni. amasTan, sakasacio sasamarTlom miuTiTa, rom saapelacio sasamarTlos saqmis xe-

186 saqme #bs-946-942(k-17).187 saqme #bs-329-327(2k-17); #bs-990-986(2k-17).


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laxla ganxilvisas unda emsjela ssip Semosavlebis samsaxurisa da saqarTvelos finan-sTa saministrosTan arsebuli davebis ganxilvis sabWos mier kanoniT miniWebuli uf-lebamosilebis farglebSi gamocemuli individualuri administraciul-samarTleb-rivi aqtebis materialur kanonierebaze, gamocemis samarTlebriv safuZvlebsa da ka-nonmdeblobasTan maT Sesabamisobaze, ramdenadac sakasacio sasamarTlom miiCnia, romaRniSnul SemTxvevaSi, ikveTeboda ara saqmisaTvis mniSvnelobis mqone im faqtobrivigaremoebebis mopovebis, dadgenis Tu gamokvlevis saWiroeba, risi SesaZleblobac, Se-saZloa, aqtis gamomcem administraciul organos hqonoda, aramed unda momxariyo sa-samarTlos mier maTi swori samarTlebrivi Sefaseba da gasaCivrebuli individualuriadministraciul-samarTlebrivi aqtebis materialuri kanonierebis Semowmeba, risi uf-lebamosilebac upirobod sasamarTlos kompetencias ganekuTvneboda.

sagadasaxado davaze, romelSic mosarCele sadavod xdida sagadasaxado organos mier ara-pirdapiri meTodis gamoyenebiT gadasaxadebis daricxvas,188 sakasacio sasamarTlom gai-ziara ori instanciis samarTlos mier miRebuli gadawyvetileba sarCelis dakmayofile-bis Taobaze da ganmarta, rom sagadasaxado kodeqsis 73-e muxlis me-5 nawili exeba yvelasaxis gadasaxadis gansazRvras. xsenebuli normiT sagadasaxado organos ufleba eZlevamxolod am nawiliTa da sagadasaxado kanonmdeblobiT dadgenil sxva SemTxvevebSi gadam-xdels gadasaxadi daaricxos mis xelT arsebuli masalebis/sando informaciis analiti-kuri damuSavebis meSveobiT. es masalebi an informacia SeiZleba arsebobdes TviT gadam-xdelTan, magram arasruli saxiT, an sagadasaxado organoSi da exebodes msgavsi saqmia-nobiT dakavebul sxva pirs. am masalebis gamoyenebisas sagadasaxado organom, Sesabamisikoreqtivebi unda Seitanos gadamxdelTan dakavSirebuli faqtebisa da garemoebebis Se-sabamisad. mizani ki is aris, rom samarTlianad, gonivruli gansjis safuZvelze unda dad-gindes sagadasaxado valdebulebebi. amdenad, savaraudo sagadasaxado valdebulebisformirebaSi monawileoba unda miiRos ara marto SesaZlo Semosavlebma, aramed _ SesaZ-lo gamoqviTebma, xarjebmac. me-5 nawiliT gaTvaliswinebul uflebas sagadasaxado or-gano moipovebs mxolod maSin, rodesac am nawilis ori punqtis piroba mainc iqneba dakma-yofilebuli. sagadasaxado kodeqsis 73-e muxlis me-5 nawilis dispozicia calsaxad gan-sazRvravs arapirdapiri meTodis gamoyenebis SesaZleblobas, Tuki saxeze aris erTze me-ti, e.i. minimum ori piroba. im pirobebSi ki, rodesac sagadasaxado organo arapirdapirimeTodis gamoyenebis erTaderT safuZvlad uTiTebs mxolod sawarmos mier buRaltru-li aRricxvis pirobebis darRvevas, amasTan, ar dgindeba raSi gamoixata konkretuladbuRaltruli aRricxvis wesis darRveva, miTiTebuli ar qmnis arapirdapiri meTodis ga-moyenebis samarTlebriv safuZvels. kasatorebma aseve ver daasabuTes sagadasaxado ko-deqsis 73-e muxlis me-6 nawilis gamoyenebis winapirobebis arseboba, ramdenadac urTi-erTdamokidebul pirebs Soris dadebuli garigebiT ganxorcielebuli miwodeba, jer er-Ti, ganxilul unda iqnes, rogorc wesi, sabazro fasiT miwodebad, da meore, es miwodebamimwodebeli mxarisaTvis warmoqmnis sabazro fasiT gamoangariSebul Semosavals, xolomimRebi mxarisaTvis ki imave sabazro fasiT gamoangariSebul xarjs. mocemul SemTxveva-Si sazogadoebis mier TanamSromlebze realizebul TiToeuli dasaxelebis saqonelzegavrcelda araurTierTdamokidebul pirebze realizebuli saqonlis dokumentaluraddadasturebuli sarealizacio fasebi, ris Sedegadac gaizarda gadasaxadis gadamxde-lis mogebisa da dRg-s gadasaxadebiT dasabegri brunva, aseve, sazogadoebis mier Tanam-Sromlebze sabazro fasze dabal fasad saqonlis realizacia ganxilul iqna maT mier xel-fasis saxiT miRebul Semosavlad da daibegra saSemosavlo da socialuri gadasaxadebiT.aRniSnuli faqtiT sagadasaxado organom faqtobrivad erTi da igive Tanxa saqonlis gam-yidvels da myidvels (Tu miviCnevT, rom aseT operacias hqonda adgili) orives CauTvalamiRebul Semosavalad da dabegra Sesabamisi gadasaxadebiT, rac ar gamomdinareobs sa-qarTvelos sagadasaxado kodeqsis 73-e muxlis me-6 nawilis danawesidan. kontrahent ur-TierTdamokidebul pirebs Soris kerZosamarTlebrivi xelSekrulebis dadeba ar arisSezRuduli sabazro fasiT. sagadasaxado kodeqsis 73-e muxlis me-6 nawili exeba mxolod

188 saqme #bs-566-561(2k-16).


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garigebis sagadasaxado Sedegebs da ara _ mxareTa urTierTSeTanxmebebs. sakasacio sasa-marTlom srulad gaiziara saapelacio sasamarTlos mosazreba da ganmarta, rom sadavoadministraciul-samarTlebrivi aqtebis gamocemisas mopasuxe administraciul organosar dausabuTebia sawarmos mimarT arapirdapiri meTodiT sagadasaxado valdebulebis gan-sazRvris winapirobebis arseboba. is garemoeba, rom gadasaxadi gadamxdeli ar axorcie-lebda buRaltrul aRricxvas kanonmdeblobiT dadgenili wesiT, kerZod, ar gaaCnda sa-aRricxvo Canawerebi, sadac iqneboda dafiqsirebuli konkretuli CekiT ra saqoneli ga-iyida da vin iyo myidveli, ar qmnida individualuri administraciul-samarTlebrivi aq-tebis kanonSesabamisad miCnevis SesaZeleblobas, ramdenadac saqarTvelos kanonmdeblobaar avaldebulebda gadasaxadis gadamxdels, sacalo vaWrobis pirobebSi aRricxva ewar-moebina imis Sesaxeb, Tu konkretuli CekiT vis mihyida saqoneli da ra saqoneli gayida.

aseve erT-erT sagadasaxado davaze,189 romelSic administraciulma organom sameurneooperacias saqarTvelos sagadasaxado kodeqsis 73-e muxlis safuZvelze Seucvala for-ma da Sinaarsi da miiCnia, rom sadavo sameurneo operacia warmoadgens dasabegr operaci-as. sakasacio palatam gaiziara qveda instanciis sasamarTloebis gadawyvetileba sarCe-lis dakmayofilebis Taobaze, ar gaiziara kasatoris miTiTeba, rom saapelacio sasamar-Tlom arasworad ganmarta sagadasaxado kodeqsis 73-e muxlis me-9 nawili. aRniSnuli nor-mis Tanaxmad, sagadasaxado valdebulebis gansazRvris mizniT sagadasaxado organos uf-leba aqvs mxedvelobaSi ar miiRos sameurneo operaciebi, romlebsac ara aqvs arsebiTiekonomikuri gavlena an sameurneo operaciis formisa da Sinaarsis gaTvaliswinebiT Sec-valos misi kvalifikacia, Tu operaciis forma ar Seesabameba mis Sinaarss, Sesabamisad,kanonmdebeli SesaZleblad miiCnevs operaciis koreqtirebas, Tu misi gamoxatvis formada mxareTa realuri neba ar emTxveva erTmaneTs. sakasacio sasamarTlom miiCnia, rom aR-niSnuli norma ar iZleva marTlzomieri garigebis kvalifikaciis Secvlis SesaZleblo-bas, aramed exeba baTil, nebis naklis mqone garigebebs, maT Soris, TvalTmaqcur da moC-venebiT garigebebs. mocemul SemTxvevaSi kasatorebma ver daasabuTes sagadasaxado ko-deqsis 73-e muxlis me-9 nawilis gamoyenebis winapirobebis arseboba, ramdenadac raimeurTierTobis farglebSi operaciis formidan gamomdinare Sinaarss adgens ara sagada-saxado organo an sagadasaxado kodeqsi, aramed _ am urTierTobis maregulirebeli ka-nonmdebloba. rodesac operaciis safuZveli kerZosamarTlebrivi xelSekrulebaa, misiregulacia xorcieldeba samoqalaqo kodeqsiTa da sxva normatiuli aqtebiT. am norma-tiuli aqtebis gamoyenebiT unda moxdes konkretuli samarTlebrivi konstruqciis for-mis normatiulad dadgenili Sinaarsisa da mxareTa faqtobrivi nebis Sepirispireba. swo-red es normatiuli aqtebi unda iqnes gamoyenebuli sagadasaxado organos mier imis da-sadgenad, Seesabameba Tu ara garigebis forma mxareTa nebas. Tu aris sakmarisad didi al-baToba imisa, rom mxare TvalTmaqcobs an cdeba Tavisi nebis gamoxatvaSi, mxolod maSinunda iqnes gamoyenebuli Sinaarsis formaze aRmatebulobis principi. samarTalwarmoe-bis verc erT etapze saqmis ganxilvisas administraciuli organos warmomadgenlebma verSeZles im garemoebis dadastureba, rom sadavo sameurneo operaciis miTiTebuli formi-Ta da SinaarsiT ganxorcieleba miznad isaxavda sagadasaxado kodeqsiT dadgenili saga-dasaxdo valdebulebis Tavis aridebas.

2018 wels ganxilul erT-erT saqmeSi, romelic Seexeboda sagadasaxado operaciisaT-vis kvalifikaciis Secvlas, sakasacio palatam ganmarta sagadasaxado kodeqsis 73.9 mux-li, misi gamoyenebis faqtobrivi da samarTlebrivi winapirobebi, miuTiTa specialuriadministraciul-samarTlebrivi regulirebis pirobebSi samoqalaqo-samarTlebrivimowesrigebis gamoyenebis dauSveblobaze, yuradReba gaamaxvila normis droSi moqme-debis wesze, saqmeze dadgenili faqtobrivi garemoebebis saTanado Sefasebis saWiroe-baze.190 dava exeboda saxelmwifos SeTavazebis safuZvelze Sps-s mier qonebis saxelmwi-fosaTvis usasyidlod gadacemisa da saxelmwifo organoebis mier pirobadadebuli nas-



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yidobis xelSekrulebis safuZvelze Sps-Tvis uZravi nivTis sakuTrebaSi gadacemis ope-raciebis gacvlis operaciad miCnevas da aqedan gamomdinare, Sps-s dabegvras. axali ga-dawyvetilebiT sakasacio sasamarTlom ganmarta, rom 73.9 muxliT (`b~ qv.p.) sagadasaxa-do organos miniWebuli aqvs operaciis kvalifikaciis Secvlis uflebamosileba ara yve-la SemTxvevaSi, aramed saTanado pirobebis arsebobisas, ar daiSveba kvalifikaciis Sec-vla kanonmdeblobiT gauTvaliswinebel operaciaze. saapelacio palatam ugulebelyois garemoeba, rom operaciebis ganxorcielebis dros moqmedi saxelmwifo qonebis gan-kargvasTan dakavSirebuli mowesrigeba ar iTvaliswinebda saxelmwifo qonebis gacvlisSesaZleblobas, gadasaxadebiT dabegvrisaTvis ki gamoiyeneba sagadasaxado valdebu-lebis warmoSobis dRisaTvis moqmedi kanonmdebloba. palatam aseve aRniSna, rom ope-raciis kvalifikaciis Secvla SesaZlebelia im SemTxvevaSi ukeTu operacia Tavisi ar-siT ewinaaRmdegeba kanonmdeblobas, 73.9 muxli exeba baTil, nebis naklis mqone garige-bebs da ara marTlzomier garigebebs, romelTa Sinaarsic Seesabameba maTive formas.naklebi gadasaxadis gadaxdis mizani yovelTvis ar iwvevs garigebis moCvenebiTad miC-nevas. gadawyvetilebaSi ganimarta barteruli operaciis maxasiaTeblebi da aRiniSna,rom dauSvebelia pasuxismgeblobis daweseba gadamxdelis iseTi moqmedebisaTvis, rom-lebic ideba kanoniT gaTvaliswinebuli SeRavaTebis farglebSi, gadasaxadisagan gaTa-visuflebis kanonieri SesaZleblobis realizaciis mizniT.

saproceso-samarTlebrivi darRvevis gamovlenis motiviT sakasacio sasamarTlomerT-erT sagadasaxado davaze191 gaauqma saapelacio sasamarTlos gasaCivrebuli gadaw-yvetileba da saqme xelaxla gansaxilvelad daubruna imave sasamarTlos, kerZod, saka-sacio palatis mier ganimarta, rom saapelacio sasamarTlo SeboWilia saapelacio sa-Civris anu am saCivarSi Camoyalibebuli apelantis moTxovnis farglebiT, rac niSnavsimas, rom gadawyvetilebis faqtobrivi Tu iuridiuli dasabuTebuloba saapelacio sa-samarTlom unda Seamowmos saapelacio saCivris moTxovnasTan mimarTebiT. sauaresodSemobruneba, e.i. gadawyvetilebis gauqmeba an Secvla im nawilSi, romelic apelants argausaCivrebia, an ise, rogorc mas ar mouTxovia _ dauSvebelia. sakasacio sasamarTlommiiCnia, rom vinaidan apelants konkretul nawilSi ar gausaCivrebia saqalaqo sasamar-Tlos gadawyvetileba, saapelacio sasamarTlo gadawyvetilebis miRebisas gascda saa-pelacio saCivris farglebs da Tavisi gadawyvetilebiT uares mdgomareobaSi Caayenaapelanti _ ssip Semosavlebis samsaxuri, vidre is saapelacio saCivris wardgenamde im-yofeboda. sakasacio sasamarTlom aRniSnul saqmeze ganmarta, rom sasamarTlos ar aqvsufleba mxare Tavisi gadawyvetilebiT Caayenos uares mdgomareobaSi, vidre is sarCe-lis, saapelacio Tu sakasacio saCivrebis wardgenamde imyofeboda. amasTan, sakasaciosasamarTlom miuTiTa, rom marTalia, saapelacio sasamarTlo samotivacio nawilSi aR-niSnavda, rom ar iziarebda saqalaqo sasamarTlos mxridan davis administraciuli sap-roceso kodeqsis 32.4 muxlis Sesabamisad gadawyvetas, magram man Tavad ar imsjela ssipSemosavlebis samsaxuris gasaCivrebuli brZanebis kanonierebaze, romelic administra-ciuli saproceso kodeqsis 32.4 muxlis safuZvelze, sadavo sakiTxis gadauwyvetladbaTilad cno saqalaqo sasamarTlom. ufro metic, saapelacio sasamarTlom aRniSnulibrZanebis Sesaxeb arc gadawyvetilebis sarezolucio nawilSi miuTiTa.

sagadasaxado davebze miRebul axal gadawyvetilebaTa Soris aRsaniSnavia cruma-gier pirebad cnobasTan dakavSirebuli saqmeebi, sadac saapelacio sasamarTlos ga-dawyvetilebebSi arsebuli ZiriTadi xarvezebi pirTa urTierTdamokidebulebisdadgenis, aseve saqmeze dadgenil faqtobriv garemoebaTa erTmaneTTan dakavSire-bis, maTi urTierTbmis gamoaSkaravebis, agreTve pirTa erTmaneTisagan gansxvave-bis SeuZleblobis terminis aRqmis kuTxiT vlindeba. ase magaliTad, erT-erT saqme-ze192 sakasacio sasamarTlom axali gadawyvetilebis miRebiT uaryo saapelacio sasa-marTlos msjeloba pirTa urTierTdamokidebulebis gamoricxvasTan mimarTebiT da aR-



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niSna, rom sagadasaxado kodeqsi pirdapir gansazRvravs arapirdapir sawarmos marTvisklasifikacias, rogorc gansakuTrebul urTierTobas. amasTan, amave kodeqsiT gaTva-liswinebulia wilis arapirdapiri floba, romlis mixedviTac, sagadasaxado kodeqsismiznebisTvis fizikuri piri iTvleba wilis arapirdapir mflobelad, Tu am wils flobsmisi naTesavi. miTiTebul davaSi, sakasacio palatis mier miCneul iqna, rom ama Tu impirebis crumagierobis Sesamowmeblad mxedvelobaSi unda yofiliyo miRebuli ara isgaremoeba, Tu ramdenad SesaZlebeli iyo gvarovnulad, samarTlebrivi formiT an sai-dentifikacio nomriT subieqtebis erTmaneTisagan gansxvaveba, aramed amosavali da um-niSvnelovanesi unda yofiliyo is biznesaqtivoba, romelic ganapirobebda SemosavlismiRebas. sakasacio sasamarTlom ganmarta, rom crumagieri mflobelobisaTvis damaxa-siaTebeli bundovaneba vlindeboda swored imaSi, Tu ra SeiZleba egulisxma kanonmde-bels erTmaneTisagan pirTa ganusxvaveblobaSi. marTalia, aRniSnuli kanonSi ar iyo gan-martebuli, Tumca ekonomikuri saqmianobis ganxorcielebis gziT Semosavlis miRebissaerTo mizani erT-erT mniSvnelovan kriteriumad iqna miCneuli ganurCevlobasTan mi-marTebiT. sabolood, saqmeze dadgenili faqtobrivi garemoebebis safuZvelze, saka-sacio sasamarTlom aRniSna, rom fizikuri piris mier sasaqonlo-materialuri faseu-lobebis inventarizaciis dawyebis Semdgom uZrav-moZravi qonebis gadaformeba da sa-mewarmeo saqmianobis SeCereba, xolo Semdgom amisa, sasaqonlo-materialuri faseulo-bebis gadawera, miznad isaxavda gadasaxadis gadaxdevinebis RonisZiebebisgan Tavis ari-debas. amasTan, saxeze iyo saojaxo biznesi da mogebis miRebis saerTo mizani, aseve, er-Ti samarTlebrivi formiT saqmianobis SeCereba da imave samarTlebrivi sikeTeebis sa-SualebiT (erTi da igive sasaqonlo-materialuri faseulobebi) axali subieqtis miermisi gagrZeleba, ris safuZvelzec, saapelacio sasamarTlos Sefasebis sawinaaRmdegod,sakasacio sasamarTlos mier mopasuxe pirebi erTmaneTis crumagier pirebad iqnen cno-bili.

zemoxsenebul sakiTxTan mimarTebiT, sakasacio sasamarTlom kidev erT saqmeze193 ar ga-iziara gasaCivrebuli gadawyvetilebiT damdgari Sedegi da saapelacio sasamarTlosmsjeloba crumagier pirebad aRiarebasTan mimarTebiT, romliTac gamoiricxa pirebisurTierTdamokidebuleba, kerZod, aRiarebiTi sarCelis pirobebSi saWiro iyo dadge-niliyo, rom kompania faqtobrivad warmoadgenda makontrolebeli beneficiaris `meo-re mes~ da misi damoukideblobis xarisxi ar iZleoda misi gamijvnis SesaZleblobas, racxsenebul saqmeze ar dadasturebula. aRniSnulis sapirispirod, sakasacio sasamarTlomaxali gadawyvetilebiT ganmarta, rom dadgenili faqtobrivi garemoebebi naTlad adas-turebdnen imas, rom mopasuxeTa erTmaneTisagan gansxvaveba konkretuli biznesaqti-vobidan gamomdinare SeuZlebeli iyo. sakasacio palatis miTiTebiT, saqmis masalebiTdadasturebuli iyo, rom saxeze iyo erTi samarTlebrivi formiT saqmianobis SeCerebada sxva samarTlebrivi formiT axali subieqtis mier misi gagrZeleba. amasTan, mocemu-li sawarmoebi axorcielebdnen erTi da imave saqmianobas da hyavdaT saerTo mimwodeb-lebi. amdenad, aRniSnuli garemoebebi sakasacio sasamarTlos mier mopasuxeTa cruma-gier pirebad aRiarebis safuZvlad iqna miCneuli.

sxva davaze,194 romelic aseve crumagier pirebad cnobas Seexeboda, sakasacio sasamar-Tlom ar gaiziara saapelacio sasamarTlos msjeloba, romliTac man gamoricxa pire-bis urTierTdamokidebuleba. sakasacio sasamarTlom miuTiTa, rom sagadasaxado ko-deqsi pirdapir gansazRvravda arapirdapir sawarmos marTvis klasifikacias, rogorcgansakuTrebul urTierTobas. amasTan, wilis arapirdapiri floba gaTvaliswinebuliiyo sagadasaxado kodeqsis debulebebiT, romlis mixedviTac fizikuri piri iTvlebawilis arapirdapir mflobelad, Tu am wils flobs misi naTesavi. dadgenili iyo, rommopasuxe pirebi iyvnen mama-Svili. inventarizaciis periodSi gadasaxadis gadaxdisaganTavis aridebis mizniT, Cuqebis xelSekrulebis safuZvelze, uZravi qoneba mamis mier



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Svils gadaeca, rac sakasacio sasamarTlos mosazrebiT, maT gaumijnaobaze miuTiTeb-da. sakasacio sasamarTlom aRniSna, rom saapelacio sasamarTlom gasaCivrebuli ganCi-nebis miRebisas sakmaris safuZvlad ar miiCnia urTierTdamokidebuleba, kerZod, saga-dasaxado Semowmebis dawyebisTanave qonebis ganrideba da samewarmeo saqmianobis SeCe-reba maSin, roca saqmis masalebiT dadasturebuli iyo, rom gadasaxadis gadamxdelismimarT sagadasaxado davalianeba warmoiSva 2014 wlis 15 oqtombris brZanebis safuZ-velze Catarebuli sasaqonlo-materialuri faseulobebis inventarizaciis Sedegad damas imave wlis 24 noembers daericxa sanqcia. sakasacio sasamarTlo ganmarta, rom saxe-ze iyo sagadasaxado valdebulebis mqone gadasaxadis gadamxdelis mxridan gadasaxa-dis gadaxdisagan Tavis aridebis mizniT SvilisaTvis uZravi qonebis gadacema, ramdena-dac individualuri mewarmisaTvis inventarizaciis dawyebisTanave cnobili gaxda mismier sagadasaxado kodeqsiT gaTvaliswinebuli gadasaxadis gadamxdelis valdebule-bebis Sesrulebis kontrolis RonisZiebebis dawyebis Sesaxeb da gadasaxadis gadamxdelsgaaCnda molodini Seusrulebeli sagadasaxado valdebulebis dakisrebis Taobaze, risSemdegac ganaxorciela mis sakuTrebaSi arsebuli aqtivebis gankargva. amdenad, qvedainstanciis sasamarTloTagan gansxvavebiT, sakasacio sasamarTlom miiCnia, rom SeuZ-lebeli iyo mopasuxed dasaxelebul pirTa erTmaneTisagan gansxvaveba im aqtivobebSi,ramac ganapiroba Seusrulebeli sagadasaxado davalianebis dagroveba.

saqarTvelos uzenaesi sasamarTlos mier axali gadawyvetilebis miRebiT mniSvnelova-ni ganmartebebi iqna gakeTebuli saqarTvelos sagadasaxado kodeqsis 246-e muxlis da-nawesebTan mimarTebiT crumagier pirebad cnobasTan dakavSirebiT arsebiTad ganxilulkidev erT saqmeze,195 sadac sakasacio palatam erTmaneTisgan gamijna monawile iuridi-uli da fizikuri pirebi da imsjela im sakiTxze, Tu ramdenad warmoadgendnen mopasu-xed dasaxelebuli fizikuri pirebi aseve mopasuxe iuridiul pirTa crumagier pirebs.sakasacio sasamarTlom miuTiTa `mewarmeTa Sesaxeb~ saqarTvelos kanonis danawesebzeda ganmarta, rom iseT viTarebaSi, rodesac kanonmdeblobiT nebadarTulia SezRudu-li pasuxismgeblobis sazogadoebis dafuZneba da kapitalis gansazRvra nebismieri ode-nobiT (rasac adgili hqonda mopasuxe fizikur pirTa mier Sps-ebis dafuZnebisas), mxo-lod am safuZvliT, erTi mxriv, fizikur pirebs, da meore mxriv, mopasuxe iuridiulpirebs Soris erTmaneTisagan gaumijnaobis dadastureba moklebuli iyo samarTleb-riv safuZvels. sakasacio sasamarTlom miuTiTa, rom saqmis masalebiT, fizikuri pire-bi da Sps-ebi warmoadgendnen erTmaneTisagan damoukidebel fizikur da iuridiul pi-rebs, radgan ar dgindeboda maT Soris gansakuTrebuli urTierTobebi samewarmeo saq-mianobis ama Tu im mizniT da formiT erToblivad ganxorcielebisaTvis. amasTan, saka-sacio sasamarTlom xazgasmiT ganmarta, rom kompaniis valdebulebebze pasuxs agebs arasazogadoebis damfuZnebeli, direqtori da a. S., aramed TviTon sazogadoeba mTeli Ta-visi qonebiT. SezRuduli pasuxismgeblobis sazogadoebaze dafuZnebuli kompaniis arsiswored imaSi mdgomareobs, rom kompania damfuZneblisagan (partniorisagan) gancal-kevebul da damoukidebel subieqts warmoadgens. sazogadoebis partniori kompaniisvaldebulebebze kreditorebis winaSe ar aris pasuxismgebeli. swored aRniSnuli ga-remoeba ganasxvavebs iuridiul pirebs individualuri mewarmisagan, romelic Tavisisamewarmeo saqmianobidan warmoSobili valdebulebebisaTvis kreditoris winaSe pasuxsagebs piradad, mTeli Tavisi qonebiT. sakasacio sasamarTlom saqmeze dadgenil faq-tobriv garemoebebze dayrdnobiT, miiCnia, rom gamoiricxeboda imis mtkicebis SesaZ-lebloba, rom mopasuxe fizikuri pirebi saerTo interesebis safuZvelze moqmedebdnengadasaxadis gadaxdevinebis uzrunvelyofis RonisZiebisaTvis Tavis aridebis mizniT,rom praqtikulad SeuZlebeli iyo maTi erTmaneTisagan gansxvaveba da isini erTmane-Tis crumagier pirebs warmoadgendnen. Sesabamisad, kasatoris moTxovna mopasuxe fi-zikur pirTa erTmaneTis crumagier pirebad cnobasTan mimarTebiT usafuZvlo iyo. racSeexebodaT mopasuxe iuridiul pirebs (SezRuduli pasuxismgeblobis sazogadoebebs),sakasacio sasamarTlos mosazrebiT, dadgenili faqtobrivi garemoebebi naTlad adas-

195 saqme #bs-754-754(k-18).


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turebdnen im faqts, rom dasaxelebuli iuridiuli pirebis erTmaneTisgan gansxvavebamocemuli biznesaqtivobidan gamomdinare, SeuZlebeli iyo. Sesabamisad, absoluturaddasabuTebuli iyo sakasacio saCivris mosazreba Sps-ebis erTmaneTisagan gansxvavebisSeuZleblobisa da maTi erT mewarme subieqtad ganxilvis Taobaze, maT erToblivad mTe-li Tavisi qonebiT unda egoT pasuxi im sagadasaxado valdebulebisaTvis, romlis ga-dauxdelobasac hqonda adgili. yovelive zemoTqmuli ki, saapelacio sasamarTlos ga-saCivrebuli ganCinebis gauqmebisa da axali gadawyvetilebis miRebiT ssip Semosavle-bis samsaxuris sarCelis nawilobriv dakmayofilebis safuZvlad iqna miCneuli.

sakasacio sasamarTlos mier mniSvnelovani ganmartebebi iqna gakeTebuli crumagierpirebad cnobis mimarT sagadasaxado organoTa iuridiuli interesis arsebobis auci-leblobasTan dakavSirebiT, kerZod, arsebiTad ganxilul erT-erT saqmeze,196 marTa-lia, sakasacio palatam gaiziara gasaCivrebuli gadawyvetilebiT damdgari Sedegi, Tum-ca ar daeTanxma saapelacio sasamarTlos Sefasebas mopasuxeTa erTmaneTis crumagierpirebad aRiarebis safuZvlebis gamoricxvis Taobaze. sakasacio sasamarTlom aRniSna,rom saqmeSi arsebuli masalebi, konkretuli biznesaqtivobidan gamomdinare, naTladadasturebdnen mopasuxeTa erTmaneTisagan gansxvavebis SeuZleblobas. Tumca sadavosakiTxTan dakavSirebiT sakasacio palatam damatebiT ganmarta, rom konkretul Sem-TxvevaSi saxeze iyo saqarTvelos administraciuli saproceso kodeqsis 25-e muxliTgansazRvruli aRiarebiTi sarCeli, romlis dakmayofilebis mimarTac aucilebeli iyomosarCelis kanonieri, ufro konkretulad ki, iuridiuli, konkretuli, legitimurida pativsadebi interesis arseboba. amgvari interesis arseboba ki damyarebuli undayofiliyo ara mosarCelis mosazrebebze, aramed _ obieqtur monacemebze. sakasacio sa-samarTlom miiCnia, rom vinaidan saxeze iyo mosarCelesa da mopasuxeebs Soris gafor-mebuli sagadasaxado SeTanxmebebi, kasatorma sakasacio saCivarSi ver daasabuTa, Tura iuridiuli interesi gaaCnda mas aRZrul sarCelTan mimarTebiT, ra gansaxvavebuliSedegi dadgeboda sarCelis dakmayofilebisa da crumagier pirebad cnobis SemTxveva-Si, maSin rodesac ssip Semosavlebis samsaxuri ver asabuTebda, Tu ra Seusrulebelisagadasaxado valdebulebebi gaaCndaT mopasuxe pirebs, romlis gadaxdisagan Tavis ari-debis mizniT maT moaxdines urTierTSoris iseTi kavSiris Seqmna, rom sagadasaxado or-gano ver axdenda gadasaxadis gadamxdeli piris identificirebas konkretul dasabegroperaciebze.

sagadasaxado kanonmdeblobidan gamomdinare aRZrul sarCelze sakasacio palatam da-adgina, rom saapelacio sasamarTlos mier dadgenili faqtobrivi garemoebebis samar-Tlebrivi Sefaseba ar Seesabameboda saqarTvelos sagadasaxado kodeqsis 246-e muxlisSinaarss. sakasacio palatam dadgenili faqtobrivi garemoebebis analizis safuZvel-ze miuTiTa, rom `sasaqonlo-materialuri faseulobebis inventarizaciisa da sakon-trolo Sesyidva/SeTavazebis Catarebis Sesaxeb~ ssip Semosavlebis samsaxuris sagada-saxado monitoringis departamentis brZanebis gadasaxadis gadamxdelisaTvis Cabare-bisas, misTvis cnobili gaxda savaraudo sagadasaxado pasuxismgeblobis dakisrebis Ta-obaze, ris Semdeg man etapobrivad SesaZlo moTxovnebisgan Tavis aridebis mizniT missaxelze arsebuli fasiani aqtivebis izolacia ganaxorciela sxva pirebze, kerZod: ga-aforma `Cuqebis xelSekruleba~ masTan naTesaur kavSirSi myof mocemul saqmeze mopa-suxed dasaxelebul erT-erT pirTan; naTesauri kavSiris mqone piris gamoyenebiT, Seq-mnil kompanias gadasca mis sakuTrebaSi arsebuli sasaqonlo-materialuri faseulo-bebi, romlebzec SesaZloa, gavrcelebuliyo ssip Semosavlebis samsaxuris brZanebiTgaTvaliswinebuli uzrunvelyofis RonisZieba. mocemul SemTxvevaSi gadasaxadis ga-damxdelisaTvis cnobili gaxda mis mier sagadasaxado kodeqsis 43-e muxliT gaTvalis-winebuli gadasaxadis gadamxdelis valdebulebebis Sesrulebis kontrolis RonisZie-bebis dawyebis Sesaxeb da gadasaxadis gadamxdels gaaCnda molodini Seusrulebeli sa-gadasaxado valdebulebis dakisrebis Taobaze, ris Semdegac etapobrivad ganaxorcie-

196 saqme #bs-122-122(k-17).


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la mis sakuTrebaSi arsebuli aqtivebis gankargva, rac sakasacio palatis mosazrebiTsagadasaxado davalianebis gadaxdevinebis uzrunvelyofis RonisZiebebis miqcevis Ta-vidan aridebas emsaxureboda da mopasuxeTa crumagierobaze miuTiTebda.197

analogiur davaze sakasacio palatam ganmarta, rom sagadasaxado kodeqsis 246-e mux-lis Sinaarsidan gamomdinare, im garemoebis dadasturebis mizniT, rom gadasaxadis ga-damxdeli warmoadgens sxva piris crumagier pirs, savaldebuloa dadasturdes, rom ga-dasaxadis gadamxdelis gamijvna am sxva pirisagan rigi faqtobrivi garemoebebis gamopraqtikulad SeuZlebelia da konkretuli erTi piri am sxva piris mxridan gamoyenebu-lia gadasaxadis gadaxdevinebis uzrunvelyofis RonisZiebisaTvis Tavis aridebis miz-niT. aRniSnuli samarTlebrivi instrumentis mizania daicvas sagadasaxado organos,rogorc kreditoris uflebebi.198

sakasacio palatam aseve ar gaiziara saapelacio palatis mosazreba sarCelze mopasu-xed dasaxelebuli pirebis crumagieri mflobelobis ararsebobis Sesaxeb da ganmarta,rom gadamxdelis mier kuTvnili sagadasaxado valdebulebebis Sesruleba, rogorc we-si ar ukavSirdeba sagadasaxado organos mier sagadasaxado moTxovnis gamocemas, ram-denadac sagadasaxado kodeqsis 43-e muxlis pirveli nawilis `a~ qvepunqtiT gadasaxa-dis gadamxdeli valdebulia Seasrulos sagadasaxado valdebulebebi saqarTvelos ka-nonmdeblobiT dadgenili wesiTa da pirobebiT. amave kodeqsis 53-e muxlis me-2 nawilisSesabamisad, pirs sagadasaxado valdebuleba ekisreba saqarTvelos sagadasaxado ka-nonmdeblobiT dadgenil im garemoebaTa warmoqmnis momentidan, romlebic iTvaliswi-nebs gadasaxadis gadaxdas. amdenad, gadasaxadis gadamxdelis mier, mis sakuTrebaSi ar-sebuli aqtivebis nebismieri, Tundac kanoniT dadgenili wesiT gankargva, mas Semdeg,rac Seityo sagadasaxado organos mier misi saqmianobis mosalodneli Semowmebis Sesa-xeb, ukve warmoSobs sagadasaxado kodeqsis 246-e muxliT gaTvaliswinebuli crumagerimflobelobis dadgenis safuZvels.199

saapelacio sasamarTlos gadawyvetilebis Sefasebisas, sakasacio sasamarTlom kideverT sagadasaxado saqmeze200 imsjela saqarTvelos administraciuli saproceso kodeq-sis 32.4 muxlis gamoyenebis saWiroebasa da marTlzomierebaze, romlis Sedegadac ze-moxsenebuli saproceso SesaZleblobis dausabuTeblad gamoyenebis motiviT gaauqmasaapelacio sasamarTlos gasaCivrebuli ganCineba da saqme xelaxla gansaxilvelad da-ubruna imave sasamarTlos. kerZod, sakasacio sasamarTlom miiCnia, rom saapelacio sa-samarTlos sruli procesualuri uflebamosileba hqonda Tavad gadaewyvita dava, ram-denadac gasaCivrebuli aqtebis miRebisas ssip Semosavlebis samsaxuris mier ar iyo dar-Rveuli aqtis gamocemis is procedurebi, rac upirobod Seqmnida saqmis xelaxla gansa-xilvelad dabrunebis winapirobas. amasTan, saapelacio sasamarTlom zogadad miuTi-Ta gamosakvlev sakiTxebze da ar dausabuTebia, ratom iyo SezRuduli Tavad gamoek-vlia isini, miT ufro im SemTxvevaSi, rodesac Semosavlebis samsaxurisa da saqarTve-los finansTa saministrosTan arsebuli davebis ganxilvis sabWos mier ramdenimejeriqna ganxiluli mosarCelis saCivari. sakasacio sasamarTlom miuTiTa, rom saapelaciosasamarTlos saqmis xelaxla ganxilvisas unda Seeswavla da gamoekvlia, srulad iyoTu ara warmodgenili mosarCelis mier sadavo deklaraciebTan mimarTebiT xarjis da-madasturebeli saTanado mtkicebulebebi. amasTan, misTvis Tavad daevalebina impor-tirebul saqonelTan erTad SeZenis damadasturebeli invoisebis warmodgena, romli-Tac dadgindeboda realurad gaweuli xarjebi.

197 saqme #bs-763-755(k-16).198 saqme #bs-351-351(k-18).199 saqme #bs-408-408(k-18).200 saqme #bs-870-866(2k-17).


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samSeneblo davebi

samSeneblo urTierTobebis sixSirisa da mniSvnelobis zrdam, Tanamdevma ekonomi-kurma faqtorebma, am procesSi mesame pirebis interesebis dacvis saWiroebam, mSe-neblobis mxolod saTanado sanebarTvo dokumentaciis safuZvelze ganxorciele-bis aucileblobam, samSeneblo samarTaldarRvevaze pasuxismgebeli piris dadge-nis saWiroebam araerTi samSeneblo dava warmoSva. samSeneblo samarTlis funqci-uri datvirTva da usafrTxoebis maRali standarti ganapirobebs samSeneblo ur-TierTobebis zedamxedvelobasa da kontrols, romlis ganxorcielebis Sedegad ga-mocemuli aqtebis kanoniereba xSirad xdeba sasamarTlos Sefasebis sagani. sakasa-cio sasamarTlom erTiani sasamarTlo praqtikis ganviTarebisa da srulyofis miz-niT araerT samSeneblo-samarTlebriv sakiTxze imsjela. ganxilul davebs Sorisgvxvdeba rogorc mSeneblobis nebarTvis mopovebasTan mimarTebiT calkeul samar-Tlebriv aspeqtebTan dakavSirebuli saqmeebi, agreTve, davebi, romelzedac sasa-marTlos ganxilvis mTavar sagans mSeneblobis nebarTvisa da ukanonod warmoebu-li samSeneblo samuSaoebis gamo pasuxismgeblobis dakisrebis kanoniereba warmo-adgenda.

magaliTad, erT-erT saqmeze201 sakasacio palatam qalaqgegmarebiTi daskvna indivi-dualur administraciul-samarTlebriv aqtad miiCnia, kerZod, xsenebuli dokumentigamijna zogadi Sinaarsis Semcveli, sainformacio xasiaTis dokumentisagan da misi bu-neba konkretul samarTlebriv Sedegebs daukavSira. sakasacio sasamarTlom aRniSna,rom qalaqgegmarebiTi daskvna warmoadgens dokuments, romelsac hyavs konkretuli ad-resati _ ganmcxadebeli da romliTac mas eZleva an ar eZleva Tanxmoba mis daintere-sebaSi arsebuli miwis nakveTis konkretuli mimarTulebiT samSeneblod ganviTarebisperspeqtivebTan dakavSirebiT. amasTan, qalaqgegmarebiTi daskvna SesaZleblobas aZ-levs nakveTis ganviTarebiT dainteresebul pirs, moaxdinos im gauTvaliswinebeli mniS-vnelovani ekonomikuri xarjebis arideba, romelic miwis nakveTis konkretuli mimar-TulebiT samSeneblod ganviTarebis daSvebaze winaswari Tanxmobis gareSe mSeneblo-bis nebarTvis miRebis mizniT mTeli rigi iuridiuli mniSvnelobis mqone samomavlo moq-medebebis ganxorcielebas SeiZleba mohyves. aRniSnul saqmeze sakasacio sasamarTlosmier gaimijna qalaq Tbilisis municipalitetis ssip qalaq Tbilisis arqiteqturis sam-saxuris mxridan saproeqto miwis nakveTis samSeneblod ganviTarebis SesaZleblobeb-Tan dakavSirebiT ganxorcielebuli mmarTvelobiTi RonisZiebis kanonierebisa da mi-zanSewonilobis mimarT sasamarTlosa da zemdgomi administraciuli organos kontro-lis farglebi. kerZod, sakasacio palatam aRniSna, rom zemdgomi administraciuli or-gano diskreciuli uflebamosilebis safuZvelze miRebul da SemdgomSi gasaCivrebulgadawyvetilebas amowmebs rogorc kanonierebis, iseve mizanSewonilobis kuTxiT, ma-Sin, rodesac sasamarTlos kontroli amgvari aqtebis mimarT SezRudulia da igi mxo-lod gadawyvetilebis kanonierebis SemowmebiT Semoifargleba. sabolood, sakasaciosasamarTlom miuTiTa, rom miwis nakveTis konkretuli mimarTulebiT ganviTarebis mi-marT dadebiTi qalaqgegmarebiTi daskvnis gacemis kanonmdeblobiT gansazRvruli Se-saZleblobis arsebobis SemTxvevaSic ki, SeuZlebeli iqneboda ssip qalaq Tbilisis mu-nicipalitetis arqiteqturis samsaxuris mier dasabuTebuli, sajaro da kerZo intere-sebis urTierTSepirispirebis safuZvelze miRebuli gadawyvetilebis mizanSewonilo-bis Semowmeba, vinaidan aRniSnuli administraciuli organos eqskluziur uflebamo-silebas warmoadgens. miuxedavad amisa, zemoTqmuli ar gulisxmobs diskreciuli uf-lebamosilebis ganxorcielebisas administraciuli organos srul, SeuzRudav da sa-samarTlos mxridan kontrols dauqvemdebarebeli gadawyvetilebis miRebis Tavisuf-lebas. cxadia, amgvari gadawyvetilebebi eqvemdebareba SezRuduli saxiT, mxolod da-sabuTebulobis WrilSi sasamarTlo kontrols, ramdenadac am mxriv saqarTvelos zo-gadi administraciuli kodeqsis me-6 da me-7 muxlebis Sesabamisad sasamarTlo ufle-

201 saqme #bs-602-602(2k-18).


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bamosilia, Seamowmos diskreciuli uflebamosilebis ganxorcielebis miznisa da am miz-nis misaRwevad gamoyenebuli saSualebis, aseve, sajaro da kerZo interesTa proporci-ulobis da diskreciis kanonmdeblobiT gansazRvruli farglebis daculobis sakiTxi.

sakasacio sasamarTlom saapelacio sasamarTlos gadawyvetilebis gauqmebiT axali ga-dawyvetileba miiRo kidev erT samSeneblo davaze,202 sadac proeqtiT gaTvaliswinebu-li Riobebi momijnave miwis nakveTidan daSorebuli iyo 3,00 metrze naklebi manZiliT _1.80 metriT, ris gamoc kanonis mixedviT saWiro iyo mezobeli miwis nakveTis mesakuT-ris notariulad damowmebuli Tanxmoba. mocemul saqmeSi sadavo iyo sakiTxi imis Sesa-xeb, ssip Tbilisis arqiteqturis samsaxuris sxdomis oqmi, sadac miTiTebuli iyo, rommosarCele sxdomaze gaecno wardgenil arqiteqturul proeqts da xelmoweriT daadas-tura, rom im etapze proeqtTan dakavSirebiT pretenzia ar gaaCnda, uTanabrdeboda Tuara notariul Tanxmobas, es sakmarisi iyo Tu ara samSeneblo nebarTvis gasacemad, Tuaucilebeli iyo maincdamainc sajaro reestrSi registrirebuli mezobeli miwis nak-veTis mesakuTris sanotaro wesiT damowmebuli Tanxmoba. sakasacio sasamarTlos gan-martebiT, notariuli Tanxmobis wardgenis aucilebloba, normis sityvasityviTi gan-martebisa da Tavad notariuli damowmebis formidan gamomdinare, vrceldeba iseT Sem-Txvevebze, rodesac saWiro Tanxmobis gacema xorcieldeba distanciurad, anu Tanxmo-ba postfaqtum waredgineba Sesabamis organos, Tanxmobis ganmcxadebeli piris daswre-bis aucileblobis gareSe. Sesabamisad, dainteresebuli piris piradad gamocxadebiTadministraciul organoSi da administraciuli warmoebisas dainteresebuli piris ut-yuarad, legitimurad dafiqsirebuli TanxmobiT kanonmdeblis mizani miRweulad undaCaiTvalos da safuZvels moklebulia uflebamosili administraciuli organos winaSenebis utyuarad dadasturebis pirobebSi notariuli formiT dadasturebuli Tanxmo-bis wardgenis aucilebloba. amasTan, ganimarta, rom sxdomis oqmze dainteresebuli pi-ris xelmoweris gaTanabrebisas kanoniT moTxovnil sanotaro wesiT damowmebul Tan-xmobasTan, gadamwyveti iyo dainteresebuli piris namdvili nebis arseboba, romelicpirdapir da erTmniSvnelovnad unda acxadebdes Tanxmobas; aseve unda dasturdebodesis garemoeba, rom mxare informirebuli iyo misi uflebebis Sesaxeb. sakasacio sasamar-Tlos miTiTebiT, sajaro mosamsaxureTa valdebulebas warmoadgens dainteresebulpirTa sruli informireba ara mxolod uflebrivi aspeqtiT, aramed mosalodneli sa-marTlebrivi Sedegebis Taobaze.

zemdgomi administraciuli organos mier administraciuli saCivris safuZvelze aR-mWurveli individualuri administraciul-samarTlebrivi aqtis baTilad cnobis ga-mo aRZrul sarCelze203 ori instanciis sasamarTlos mier dakmayofilebuli moTxovnauaryo sakasacio sasamarTlom, ar gaiziara saapelacio sasamarTlos ganmarteba sada-vo sakiTxTan dakavSirebiT da miuTiTa, rom saqmeSi ar moipoveba sssk-is 102-e muxliTgaTvaliswinebuli saapelacio sasamarTlos mier dadgenili garemoebis damadasture-beli mtkicebuleba. saqmis masalebiT dasturdeboda, rom kanoniT dadgenili wesiT ariyo wardgenili `mSeneblobis nebarTvis gacemis wesisa da sanebarTvo pirobebis Sesa-xeb~ saqarTvelos mTavrobis 2009 wlis 24 martis #57 dadgenilebis 69-e muxlis pirve-li punqtis `l~ qvepunqtiT gaTvaliswinebuli TanamesakuTr(eeb)is Tanxmoba. amasTan,saqmis masalebiT dasturdeboda, rom Tbilisis saqalaqo sasamarTlos samoqalaqo saq-meTa kolegiis gadawyvetilebiT baTilad iqna cnobili binaTmesakuTreTa amxanagobiskrebis oqmi _ pirveli sarTulis rekonstruqciisa da mansardis daSenebaze Tanxmobismicemis Sesaxeb. aRniSnuli gadawyvetileba kanonier ZalaSia Sesuli, rac aseve adas-turebda gasaCivrebuli gankargulebis kanonierebas da gamoricxavda mSeneblobis ne-barTvis gacemis Sesaxeb brZanebis ZalaSi datovebis SesaZleblobas.

saqmeSi, romelSic sadavo iyo administraciuli organos mier aRmWurveli individua-



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luri administraciul-samarTlebrivi aqtis baTild cnoba,204 pirveli instanciis sa-samarTlos mier uaryofili sarCeli saapelacio palatam daakmayofila, sakasacio sa-samarTlom saqmis zepiri mosmeniT ganxilvis Sedegad miiCnia, rom saapelacio sasamar-Tlom araswori samarTlebrivi Sefaseba misca saqmeze dadgenil faqtobriv garemoe-bebs, radgan sadavo aqtis gamocemis safuZveli gaxda is garemoeba, rom samSeneblo sa-muSaoebis ganxorcielebas SesaZloa daezianebina asaSenebeli Senobis mimdebared gan-Tavsebuli saniaRvre koleqtori (romlis samSeneblo teritoriis momijnaved arsebo-basac mxareebi sadavod ar xdidnen). palatam ganmarta, rom szak-is 601 muxlis me-4 nawi-lis Tanaxmad, marTalia, dauSvebelia Tundac kanonsawinaaRmdego aRmWurveli admi-nistraciul-samarTlebrivi aqtis baTilad cnoba, Tu dainteresebul mxares kanonie-ri ndoba aqvs administraciul-samarTlebrivi aqtis mimarT, garda im SemTxvevebisa, ro-desac administraciul-samarTlebrivi aqti arsebiTad arRvevs saxelmwifo, sazogado-ebriv an sxva piris kanonier uflebebs an interesebs. miTiTebuli norma dauSvebladmiiCnevs aRmWurveli administraciul-samarTlebrivi aqtis baTilad cnobas am aqtismimarT dainteresebuli mxaris kanonieri ndobis arsebobisas. kanonieri ndobis ufle-ba arsebobs im SemTxvevaSi, rodesac dainteresebulma mxarem aqtis safuZvelze gana-xorciela iuridiuli mniSvnelobis moqmedeba. misi ndoba am administraciuli aqtisadmiaris dacvis Rirsi da aqtis baTilad cnobiT mas miadgeba ziani. amgvari aqtis baTiladcnobas kanonmdebloba dasaSvebad miiCnevs mxolod saxelmwifo, sazogadoebrivi an sxvapiris kanonieri uflebebis an interesebis darRvevis SemTxvevaSi. sakasacio palatismosazrebiT saapelacio sasamarTlom ar gaiTvaliswina q. Tbilisis municipalitetisssip Tbilisis arqiteqturis samsaxuris mier mis mierve miRebuli gadawyvetilebis ba-Tilad cnobis safuZveli, romelsac warmoadgenda saxelmwifosa da sazogadoebriviuflebisa da interesis matarebeli sawnevis sakanalizacio sistemis dacva da adminis-traciuli organos mier baTilad cnobili aRmWurveli individualuri administraci-ul-samarTlebrivi aqti arsebiTad arRvevda saxelmwifo da sazogadoebrivi interess.

erT-erT samSeneblo davaze205 sakasacio sasamarTlom, marTalia, Sedegobrivad ucvle-lad datova saapelacio sasamarTlos gadawyvetileba, Tumca mniSvnelovani ganmarte-bebi gaakeTa araerT sakiTxze, maT Soris, rodesac sakiTxi aqtis gamocemis formalurikanonierebis darRvevis motiviT xelaxla gansaxilvelad ubrundeba administraciulorganos da igi ar asaCivrebs aRniSnul gadawyvetilebas. sakasacio sasamarTlom aseTSemTxvevaSi yuradReba miaqcia saqmeSi mesame piris saproceso statusze da am kuTxiTmxareTa Soris mtkicebis tvirTis gadanawilebaze. sakasacio sasamarTlos miTiTebiT,im pirobebSi, rodesac saxezea aqtis formaluri kanonierebis darRveva, darRveuliamisi gamocemis procedura, bunebrivia sapirispiro _ aqtis gamocemisas procedurebisdacvis mtkicebis tvirTi Tavad am aqtis gamomcem administraciul organos ekisreba.amave saqmeze Sefaseba mieca droSi kanonis moqmedebis Zalas. sakasacio sasamarTlosganmartebiT, imperatiuli moTxovna imis Taobaze, rom saqarTvelos administraciulisaproceso kodeqsis 32.4 muxlis gamoyenebis SemTxvevaSi administraciulma organomaucileblad Zveli an axali normatiuli aqtiT unda ixelmZRvanelos, ar arsebobs. Tuaxali kanoniT ganmcxadebeli uflebis realizacias veRar axdens, administraciul or-ganos SeuZlia gamoiyenos gancxadebis wardgenis dros moqmedi kanoni, romliTac gan-mcxadebeli uflebamosili iyo moeTxova qalaqTmSeneblobiTi parametrebis gazrda, rissafuZvelzec moxdeboda koreqtirebuli arqiteqturuli proeqtis SeTanxmeba da Se-sabamisi mSeneblobis nebarTvis gacema, xolo administraciuli organo uflebamosiliiyo ganaSenianebis koeficientisa da ganaSenianebis intensivobis koeficientis (k2) ga-dametebis mizniT gaeca specialuri (zonaluri) SeTanxmeba. aseve Sefaseba mieca Seno-ba-nagebobebis parametrebis gadametebis winapirobebs. sakasacio sasamarTlom sakiT-xis Sefasebisas yuradReba miaqcia aRmWurveli individualur administraciul-samar-Tlebrivi aqtebis adresatebisa da mosarCelis interesebis urTierTSepirispirebaze,



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rasac gadamwyveti mniSvneloba unda hqonoda davis saboloo Sedegze. mocemul SemTxve-vaSi sasamarTlos ar hqonda SesaZlebloba Seefasebina gadawonida Tu ara kanonierindobis principi kanonierebis/kanonieri mmarTvelobiTi saqmianobis princips. sasamar-Tlo mxolod maSin SeZlebda zemoaRniSnul principTa konkurenciis sakiTxis arsebi-Tad gadawyvetas, rodesac administraciuli organo saTanadod gamoikvlevda saqmisgaremoebebs da gamokveTda dainteresebul pirTa, aseve saxelmwifo da sazogadoebrivinteresebs gasaCivrebuli aqtebis mimarT. amasTan, sakasacio sasamarTlom saqarTve-los zogadi administraciuli kodeqsis 601.6 muxlze miTiTebiT, administraciul or-ganoTa yuradReba miaqcia aRmWurveli administraciul-samarTlebrivi aqtis baTiladcnobis SemTxvevaSi qonebrivi zianis anazRaurebis sakiTxze.

arsebiTad ganxilul saqmeTagan erT-erT samSeneblo davasTan mimarTebiT miRebul ga-dawyvetilebaSi206 mniSvnelovani ganmartebebi iqna gakeTebuli aRsrulebuli, TumcaadresatisaTvis kanoniT dadgenili wesiT Caubarebeli aqtebis gasaCivrebis xandazmu-lobis sakiTxTan mimarTebiT, razec qveda instanciis sasamarTloebs ar umsjeliaT. sa-kasacio sasamarTlom ganmarta, rom marTalia, saqarTvelos zogadi administraciulikodeqsis Tanaxmad, administraciul-samarTlebrivi aqti ZalaSi swored mxarisaTvismisi gacnobis Sedegad Sedis, Tumca aRsrulebuli aqtebis gasaCivrebis uflebis rea-lizebisaTvis sadavo individualuri administraciul-samarTlebrivi aqtis mxolodCaubareblobisa da maTi gamocemisaTvis Catarebul administraciul warmoebaSi dain-teresebuli piris, SemdgomSi ki _ saCivris avtorisa Tu mosarCelis mouwvevlobis sa-kiTxi, ver ganapirobebs moTxovnis safuZvlianobas, ramdenadac aseT viTarebaSi, gasa-Civrebis uflebis xandazmulobis Sefasebisas unda dadgindes, dainteresebuli piriramdenad iyo an unda yofiliyo informirebuli sadavo individualuri administraci-ul-samarTlebrivi aqtis aRsrulebisa da amgvari aRsrulebis Sedegebis Taobaze. amas-Tan, sakasacio sasamarTlom aRniSna, rom aseTi informirebulobis dadasturebis xa-risxi matulobs im dros, rodesac sadavo aqtebi momijnave miwis nakveTze samSeneblosamuSaoebis ganxorcielebis SesaZleblobiT aRWurvas ukavSirdeba. aseTi qmedebebi Se-sabamisi aqtebis yovelgvari Caubareblobis, agreTve, administraciul warmoebaSi da-interesebuli piris mouwvevlobis pirobebSic ki, dainteresebuli mxaris mxridan sa-kuTari uflebebis darRvevis obieqturad Secnobas unda iwvevdes, vinaidan am SemTxve-vaSi, mSeneblobis nebarTvis, rogorc individualuri administraciul-samarTlebri-vi aqtis aRsruleba xilulad, mxarisaTvis TvalsaCinod mimdinareobs. sakasacio sasa-marTlom yuradReba gaamaxvila samarTlebriv safuZvelze, kerZod, gamonaklis SemTxve-vaSi, nakveTebis sazRvridan 5,0 metrze nakleb manZilze, mezoblis mxares SeiZleba mow-yobili iqnes fanjris Riobebi, Tu amaze iqneba notariuli wesiT damowmebuli mezob-lis Tanxmoba. aRniSnul danawesze dayrdnobiT, sakasacio sasamarTlom, agreTve, argaiTvaliswina saapelacio sasamarTlos Sefaseba korpusis macxovreblebis mxridan ka-nonieri ndobis gamoricxvasTan mimarTebiT da aRniSnulis sapirispirod ganmarta, romsaqarTvelos zogadi administraciuli kodeqsis 601 muxlis me-5 nawiliT gaTvaliswi-nebuli ukanono qmedeba gulisxmobs dainteresebuli mxaris ara kanonmdeblobiT gan-sazRvruli yvela saWiro dokumentis warudgenlobas, aramed mis mier im konkretulikanonsawinaaRmdego qmedebis uSualod ganxorcielebas, romelic administraciul or-ganos arTmevs SesaZleblobas, Seafasos konkretuli sakiTxi mis mier aqtis gamocemismizniT Catarebuli administraciuli warmoebis procesSi. Sesabamisad, sakasacio sasa-marTlom aRniSna, rom im SemTxvevaSi, Tuki administraciul organoSi administraci-ul-samarTlebrivi aqtis gamocemis mizniT wardgenili dokumentacia srulad ar akma-yofilebs kanonmdeblobiT gaTvaliswinebul moTxovnebs an wardgenili romelime do-kumenti ar aris sakmarisi konkretuli garemoebis dasadastureblad, aRniSnuli ar Se-iZleba iqces dainteresebuli mxaris kanonieri ndobis gamomricxvel garemoebad. saka-sacio sasamarTlos mier, agreTve, ar iqna gaziarebuli saapelacio sasamarTlos msje-loba kerZo pirTa interesis Selaxvis gamo kanonieri ndobis gamoricxvasTan mimarTe-

206 saqme #bs-708-708(k-18).


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biT, kerZod, sakasacio sasamarTlom ganmarta, rom mosarCelis uflebasTan erTobli-obaSi, aucilebeli iyo aRniSnul korpusSi mcxovreb moqalaqeTa kerZo subieqturi uf-lebebis mxedvelobaSi miReba da rogorc mosarCelis, aseve, miTiTebul pirTa intere-sebis proporciulobis gansazRvris Sedegad kanonieri ndobis gamomricxveli garemo-ebis arseboba-ararsebobis dadgena. sakasacio palatam miiCnia, rom mosarCelis subieq-tur interess warmoadgenda, srulyofilad uzrunveleyo misi sakuTrebiT sargeblo-ba, Tumca aRniSnulis sapirwoned, arsebobda korpusis macxovreblebis kanonieri in-teresebi _ SeenarCunebinaT maT mier Sesabamisi Senoba-nagebobis mSeneblis mimarT ar-sebuli ndobis safuZvelze SeZenili konkretuli sacxovrebeli farTis iersaxe da esar-geblaT misiT. amdenad, sakasacio sasamarTlom mosarCelis moTxovnis dakmayofilebisSedegad potenciurad gamowvevadi zianis mxedvelobaSi miRebiT, winaaRmdegobrivi in-teresebis urTierTSejerebis safuZvelze, korpusis mesakuTreebis uflebaTa da ka-nonier interesTa dacvis saWiroeba mosarCelis interesTa daculobis aucilebloba-ze aRmatebulad miiCnia.

ucvlelad datovebul saqmeTagan xazgasasmelia erT-erTi samSeneblo dava,207 romel-zec mniSvnelovani ganmartebebi iqna gakeTebuli arqiteqturuli proeqtis koreqti-rebisa da masSi cvlilebebis Setanisas administraciul warmoebaSi mosawvev daintere-sebul pirebTan, agreTve, maTi savaldebulo Tanxmobis arsebobis aucileblobasTandakavSirebiT, kerZod, sakasacio palatam damatebiT ganmarta, rom saqarTvelos zoga-di administraciuli kodeqsis danawesebis Sesabamisad, administraciul warmoebaSi ad-ministraciuli organos iniciativiT Casabmel dainteresebul mxareTa monawileoba Se-saZloa, iyos savaldebulo an fakultaturi. savaldebulo monawileobis SemTxveva-Si, dainteresebul mxareTa monawileoba aris aucilebeli imdenad, ramdenadac maT mo-nawileobas warmoebaSi gadamwyveti mniSvneloba eniWeba. kerZod, swored aRniSnul pir-Ta warmoebaSi CarTulobaze, maT aucilebel mowvevazea damokidebuli administraci-uli organos mier miRebuli gadawyvetilebis kanoniereba. fakultaturi monawileo-bisas ki, administraciul warmoebaSi erTvebian da monawileoben ubralo monawileebi,romelTa kanonier interessac SeiZleba Seexos es gadawyvetileba da romelTa Caur-Tveloba administraciul warmoebaSi gavlenas ver moaxdens administraciuli orga-nos mier miRebuli gadawyvetilebis kanonierebaze. amasTan, sakasacio sasamarTlos mi-er damatebiT iqna Sefasebuli is garemoeba, rom kasatori ipoTekis xelSekrulebis Sew-yvetilad aRiarebis Semdgom, aRar warmoadgenda miwis nakveTis ipoTekars, rac gamo-ricxavda mis uSualo samarTlebriv kavSirs miwis nakveTisa da masze aRmarTuli Seno-ba-nagebobebis mimarT. miwis nakveTis myidvelisaTvis gadacemis sanacvlod sasamar-Tlos mier dakisrebuli valdebulebis Sesrulebulad CaTvlis da ipoTekis moxsnisSesaxeb xelSekrulebis pirobebis Tanaxmad, Senoba-nagebobis saboloo mesakuTre arakasatori, aramed sxva piri unda gamxdariyo. sabolood, sakasacio sasamarTlom gan-marta, rom ipoTekis xelSekrulebis ararsebobis pirobebSi, uSualod miwis nakveTzegansaTavsebeli Senoba-nagebobis arqiteqturuli proeqtis koreqtirebisa da masSicvlilebebis Setanis mimarT veRar iarsebebda mosarCelis iuridiuli interesi, racavtomaturad gamoricxavda proeqtSi cvlilebebis Setanaze misi savaldebulo Tanxmo-bis arsebobis aucileblobasac.

erT-erT davaSi208 piri asaCivrebda saxelmwifos miwaze unebarTvo mSeneblobisaTvisjarimisa da demontaJis dakisrebas. qveda instanciis sasamarTloebma sakiTxi arsebi-Tad ise gadawyvites, rom ar daudgeniaT teritoriis saxelmwifosadmi kuTvnileba, saq-mis masalebiT irkveoda, rom administraciuli organo unebarTvo nagebobis mowyobisadgilad uTiTebda korpusis win mdebare teritorias, Tumca ar iyo gamoricxuli te-ritoriis binaTmesakuTreTa amxanagobisadmi kuTvnileba. aRniSnuli pirdapir gavle-nas axdenda mosarCelisaTvis dakisrebuli jarimis odenobaze. amave davaSi saapelacio



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palatas arasworad hqonda ganmartebuli sanqciis Sefardebis safuZvlad miTiTebulinormis dispoziciiT gaTvaliswinebuli winapirobebi, aRreuli iyo q. Tbilisis da sxvaTviTmmarTveli erTulis teritoriaze ganxorcielebuli unebarTvo mSeneblobisaT-vis sanqciis Sefardebis wesi da normis gamoyenebis winapirobebi, gasamijni iyo axalimSeneblobisa da rekonstruqciis cnebebi. saapelacio palatas ar hqonda SefasebuliagreTve pirveli klasis nagebobis unebarTvod mowyobisas, mogvianebiT uflebamosi-li administraciuli organos mier mSeneblobis dasaSvebad miCnevis SemTxvevaSi san-qciisagan gaTavisuflebis SesaZlebloba. saapelacio palatis gadawyvetileba ar Sei-cavda agreTve administraciuli saproceso kodeqsis 32-e muxlis me-4 nawilis safuZ-velze, administraciuli organosaTvis warmoebis xelaxla Catarebis davalebis dasa-buTebas.

erT-erT saqmeze209 uzenaesi sasamarTlos mier mtkicebulebaTa damatebiTi gamokvle-vis, gadawyvetilebis dasabuTebis, davis gadawyvetisas saTanado normatiuli mowes-rigebis gamoyenebis saWiroebaze miTiTebis da am safuZvliT sasamarTlos gasaCivre-buli gadawyvetilebis gauqmebisa da saqmis xelaxla gansaxilvelad dabrunebis miuxe-davad,210 sakasacio sasamarTlos miTiTebebis ugulebelyofiT saapelacio palatam mi-iRo gauqmebuli gadawyvetilebis identuri gadawyvetileba. aRniSnuli gadawyvetile-ba sakasacio wesiT isev gasaCivrda uflebamosili mxaris mier. saqmis ganxilvisas saka-sacio palatam yuradReba gaamaxvila saapelacio sasamarTlosaTvis saqmis dabrunebisdros uzenaesi sasamarTlos mier Camoyalibebuli miTiTebebis gaTvaliswinebis saval-debuloobaze. palatam imsjela agreTve sask-is 32.4 muxlis gamoyenebis winapirobeb-ze, saqmeSi dacul mtkicebulebaTa yovelmxriv da srulad gamokvlevis saWiroebaze.palatam aRniSna, rom unebarTvo mSeneblobis mwarmoebeli konkretuli piris daudgen-lobis SemTxvevaSi mesakuTresa da mosargebleze pasuxismgeblobis dakisreba ar adas-turebs pasuxismgeblobis dakisrebas sxvisi bralisaTvis, aseT SemTxvevaSi mesakuTre/mosargeble pasuxs agebs ara sxvisi, aramed Tavisi bralisaTvis, romelic gamovlenaspoulobs mis umoqmedobaSi: saTanado samSeneblo normebis dacvis, nagebobis usafrTxo-ebis moTxovnebTan Sesabamisobis, kanonSesabamisi eqspluataciis, demontaJis moTxov-nis valdebulebis SeusruleblobaSi.

sakasacio palatas sxva davaSic211 dasWirda samSeneblo samarTladarRvevaze pasuxis-mgebel subieqtze yuradRebis gamaxvileba da aRniSna, rom samSeneblo miwis mesakuT-res an mosargebles pasuxismgebloba ekisreba, ukeTu daudgenelia mSeneblobis mwar-moebeli piri da ara yvela SemTxvevaSi. sakasacio palatam yuradReba gaamaxvila agreTvesamSeneblo samarTaldarRvevisaTvis sanqciis Sefardebis droze da ganmarta, rom esdro moicavs agreTve zemdgomi organoebis an sasamarTlos mier sanqciis gamoyenebiskanonierebis Semowmebis periodsac. sanqciis dakisrebis Sesaxeb aqtis gasaCivrebis Sem-TxvevaSi pirisaTvis saboloo Sedegs iwvevs sasamarTlo gadawyvetileba da ara sadavoaqtebi, amitom Sefasebas saWiroebda sanqciis Sefardebis Semdgom warmoSobili pasu-xismgeblobis Semamsubuqebeli garemoebebis gamoyenebis faqtobrivi da samarTlebri-vi winapirobebis arseboba, rac saapelacio palatas ar ganuxorcielebia.

produqtis usafrTxoebisa da Tavisufali mimoqcevis kodeqsis mixedviT unebar-Tvo mSeneblobis gamo dajarimebisa da ukanonod agebuli Senoba-nagebobis demon-taJis davalebis kanonierebasTan dakavSirebul erT-erT saqmeze212 sakasacio sasamar-Tlom miiCnia, rom saWiro iyo saqmis imave sasamarTlosaTvis xelaxla gansaxilveladdabruneba, sadac miuTiTa, rom udavod dasturdeboda mosarCelis mier unebarTvo mSe-neblobis ganxorcieleba, rasac Tavad mosarCelec rogorc sasarCelo gancxadebaSi,

209 saqme #bs-553-550(2k-17).210 saqme #bs-311-307(2k-14).211 saqme #bs-380-375(2k-16).212 saqme #bs-360-357(2k-17).


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aseve sasamarTloSi saqmis ganxilvisas adasturebda. sakasacio sasamarTlom aseve miu-TiTa, rom saqmis masalebSi ar moipoveboda im miwis nakveTis sakuTrebis uflebis dama-dasturebeli dokumenti _ sakuTrebis uflebis mowmoba, romelzedac ganxorcieldaunebarTvo mSenebloba. saqmeze aseve ar iyo wardgenili sadavo kapitaluri Senoba-na-gebobebis kanonierebis damadasturebeli dokumentebi, kerZod, mSeneblobis nebarTvaan unebarTvo mSeneblobis legalizebis aqti. sakasacio sasamarTlom moqmedi kanonmdeb-lobis safuZvelze erTmaneTisagan gamijna arqiteqturul qalaqTmSeneblobis proce-sebsa da uZrav qonebaze sakuTrebis uflebis warmoSobasTan dakavSirebuli ufleba-mosilebebi da miuTiTa, rom kanonmdebloba gansazRvravda am uflebamosilebaTa gan-maxorcielebel gansxvavebul organoebs. kerZod, sajaro reestri ganixileba, rogorcsakuTrebis uflebis maregistrirebeli organo, xolo samSeneblo samuSaoebisTvis ka-nonieris statusis miniWebis samarTlebrivi safuZveli SeiZleba iyos mxolod arqiteq-turis samsaxuris mier gacemuli mSeneblobis nebarTva an legalizebis aqti. sakasaciopalatam miuTiTa, rom demontaJis nawilSi saqmis gadawyvetisTvis arsebiTi mniSvnelo-bis mqone garemoebas warmoadgenda swored sadavo Senoba-nagebobis samarTlebrivimdgomareoba. sakasacio sasamarTlos SefasebiT, im viTarebaSi, rodesac qveda instan-ciis sasamarTloebs ar hqondaT dadgenili sadavo Senoba-nagebobis samarTlebrivimdgomareoba, SeuZlebeli iyo msjeloba demontaJis nawilSi gasaCivrebuli aqtebis ka-nonierebaze. sakasacio sasamarTlom ar gaiziara saapelacio sasamarTlos mosazrebamaszed, rom mocemul SemTxvevaSi ar arsebobda piris dajarimebis piroba imis gamo, rommiwis nakveTi warmoadgenda mosarCelis sakuTrebas. aRniSnulis sawinaaRmdegod saka-sacio palatam ganmarta, rom is garemoeba, rom mosarCelem sakuTrebad dairegistriramiwis nakveTi, gulisxmobda misi sakuTrebis uflebis gavrcelebas miwaze da ar adas-turebda mis mier ganxorcielebuli mSeneblobis kanonierebas. sadavo mSeneblobis ka-nonierad cnobisaTvis saWiro iyo saTanado nebarTvis miReba, an ukve ganxorcielebu-li mSeneblobis moqmed samSeneblo normebTan SesabamisobaSi moyvana, rac mosarCelesar ganuxorcielebia. sakasacio sasamarTlom aseve miiCnia, rom saapelacio sasamarTlossaqmis xelaxla ganxilvisas unda emsjela sadavo samarTalurTierTobebis mimarT une-barTvo mSeneblobis ganxorcielebis Semdgom, nakveTis kerZo sakuTrebaSi moqcevis ga-mo, produqtis usafrTxoebisa da Tavisufali mimoqcevis kodeqsiT gaTvaliswinebuliSeRavaTiani reJimis gamoyenebis SesaZleblobaze.

sakasacio sasamarTlos mier arsebiTad ganxilul saqmeTagan gamosarCevad mniSvnelo-vania administraciuli saCivris wardgenis vadis aRdgenis safuZvlebis SefasebisTaobaze erT-erTi dava,213 sadac sakasacio palatam ar gaiziara saapelacio sasamar-Tlos gadawyvetilebaSi ganviTarebuli msjelobebi vadis aRdgenis winapirobebis arar-sebobasTan mimarTebiT da ganmarta, rom administraciul-samarTlebrivi aqtis gasa-CivrebisaTvis dadgenili gaSvebuli vadis aRdgenis uflebamosileba ganekuTvnebodazemdgomi administraciuli organos diskreciul uflebamosilebas. aRniSnuli ufle-bamosilebis gamoyenebisas administraciul organos kvlav eZleoda SesaZlebloba sa-marTlebrivi kontroli ganexorcielebina qvemdgomi administraciuli organos gadaw-yvetilebebze. sakasacio sasamarTlom miiCnia, rom arsebobda sask-is 32.4 muxlis gamo-yenebis faqtobrivi da samarTlebrivi safuZvlebi. kerZod, mopasuxe administraciulorganos wardgenili saCivris farglebSi administraciul-samarTlebrivi aqtis gasa-CivrebisaTvis vadis aRdgenis safuZvelad miTiTebuli faqtobrivi garemoebebi dad-genili da Sefasebuli ar hqonda, xolo q. Tbilisis municipalitetis meriis daskvna _saCivris ganxilvaze uari, eyrdnoboda im garemoebas, rom administraciuli saCivariwardgenil iqna kanoniT dadgenili vadis gaSvebiT, rasac mosarCele sadavod arc xdi-da. Sesabamisad, aseT SemTxvevaSi, saCivris ganmxilvel organos dava saCivris farglebSiunda gadaewyvita, konkretulad, emsjela da Seefasebina mosarCelis mier miTiTebulifaqtobrivi garemoeba _ misi janmrTelobis mdgomareoba ramdenad unda yofiliyo miC-neuli vadis gaSvebis sapatio mizezad. amasTan, sakasacio sasamarTlom zemoaRniSnuli

213 saqme #bs-861-853(k-16).


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faqtis gamokvlevisa da Sefasebis Semdeg, mniSvnelovnad miiCnia administraciuli or-ganos mxridan samSeneblo samarTaldarRvevis arsebobasTan dakavSirebiT faqtobrivigaremoebebis dadgena. sagulisxmoa isic, rom aRniSnul saqmeze gadawyvetilebis miRe-bisas sakasacio sasamarTlom, erTi mxriv, gamoiyena erTiani erovnuli sasamarTlo praq-tika, xolo meore mxriv, ixelmZRvanela adamianis uflebaTa evropuli sasamarTlos mierdadgenili praqtikiT da mniSvnelovnad xangrZlivi periodis Semdeg, ganmcxadeblis qo-nebrivi interesi konvenciis pirveli damatebiTi oqmis pirveli muxliT gaTvaliswine-bul ̀ sakuTrebas~ daukavSira, romlis mimarTac mosarCeles substanciuri interesi ga-aCnda. garda amisa, ganmcxadebels hqonda `legitimuri molodini~ imis Sesaxeb, rom masSeeZlo sakuTrebiT sargebloba~. aRniSnuli ganmartebebisa da dadgenili praqtikisSesabamisad, sakasacio sasamarTlom dasaSvebad miiCnia, q. Tbilisis municipalitetismeriis mier miRebuli gadawyvetilebis kontrolis/gadamowmebis SesaZlebloba.

uZravi qonebis registraciasTan dakavSirebuli davebi

mniSvnelovani samarTlebrivi xarvezebi gamovlinda aseve ssip sajaro reestrissaqmianobasTan dakavSirebul davebSi, rac gasaCivrebuli gadawyvetilebis gauq-mebisa da sakasacio sasamarTlos mier axali gadawyvetilebis miRebis winapirobadiqca. am mxriv, xazgasasmelia erT-erTi dava,214 romelzedac sakasacio sasamarTlom argaiziara sadavo sakiTxTan mimarTebiT saapelacio palatis motivacia da saapelaciosasamarTlos gasaCivrebuli ganCinebis gauqmebiTa da axali gadawyvetilebis miRebiTSecvala saqmeze damdgari Sedegi. sakasacio sasamarTlom ganmarta, rom saapelacio sa-samarTlom registraciis safuZvlebis moqmedebis, misi ZalaSi yofnis pirobebSi gaaba-Tila uZravi qonebis mesakuTreze registracia. amdenad, sakasacio palatam dauSveb-lad miiCnia mosarCelis moTxovnis dakmayofileba da mopasuxis saxelze uZravi qone-bis registraciis gauqmeba imis gaTvaliswinebiT, rom misi samarTlebrivi safuZvlebikanonier ZalaSi iyo, romelTa kanonierebac sasamarTlos gansjis sagani ar gamxdara.amasTan, sakasacio sasamarTlom damatebiT miuTiTa, rom uZrav qonebaze mopasuxis sa-kuTrebis uflebis registracia ganxorcielda miwisa da sxva uZravi qonebis SeZenis da-madasturebeli oqmis safuZvelze, romelic ZalaSi iyo da ar gauqmebula, saregistra-cio samsaxuris mier pirveladi registracia ganxorcielebuli iyo im dros, rodesacmoqmedi kanonmdebloba uSvebda ZiriTad nivTsa da mis arsebiT Semadgenel nawilze er-TmaneTisagan damoukideblad uflebis arsebobis SesaZleblobas. amdenad, sakasaciosasamarTlom miiCnia, rom saxeze ar iyo gasaCivrebuli administraciul-samarTlebri-vi aqtebis baTilad cnobis safuZveli.

saqmeSi, romelSic davis sagani iyo sajaro reestris erovnuli saagentos mier gamoce-muli individualuri administraciul-samarTlebrivi aqti `registraciis Sesaxeb sa-registracio samsaxuris gadawyvetilebis kanonierebis SeswavlasTan dakavSirebiT ad-ministraciuli warmoebis dawyebisa da zepiri mosmenis daniSvnis Taobaze~,215 sakasa-cio palatam ZalaSi datova qveda instanciis sasamarTloebis gadawyvetilebiT damdga-ri Sedegi da gaiziara saapelacio palatis mier sakasacio sasamarTlos dadgenil praq-tikaze miTiTeba,216 romlis Tanaxmad, sakasacio sasamarTlo dasaSvebad miiCnevs, ssipsajaro reestris erovnuli saagentos mier Tavisi teritoriuli samsaxurebis gadaw-yvetilebis (maT Soris, sakuTrebis uflebis registraciis Sesaxeb gadawyvetilebis) kon-trolis/gadamowmebis SesaZleblobas. sakasacio palata SesaZleblad miiCnevs sajaroreestris erovnulma saagentom saCivris arsebobis gareSec, sakuTari iniciativiT, mo-axdinos mis sistemaSi Semavali saregistracio samsaxurebis mier miRebuli gadawyve-tilebebis, maT Soris, sakuTarebis uflebis registraciis Sesaxeb gadawyvetilebis ga-

214 saqme #bs-729-721(k-16).215 saqme #bs-5-4(k-17).216 saqme #bs-408-403(2k-14); #bs-1695-1651(k-10).


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dasinjva. amasTanave, administraciuli organos mier sakuTari iniciativiT aqtis ka-nonierebis gadamowmebisas daculi unda iyos gonivruli vada, raTa ar moxdes aRmWur-veli administraciul-samarTlebrivi aqtis wlebis Semdeg, yovelgvari gonivruli va-dis dacvis gareSe baTilad cnoba da dainteresebuli mxaris uflebebis dausabuTebe-li SezRudva. amasTan, gonivruli vadis gansazRvra ar SeiZleba efuZnebodes subieq-tur Sexedulebebs. gonivruli vadis gansazRvra unda ganxorcieldes konkretuli sa-marTalurTierTobisaTvis kanonmdeblobiT gaTvaliswinebuli vadis gamoyenebiT. mo-cemul SemTxvevaSi zogadi administraciuli kodeqsiT ar aris gansazRvruli amave ko-deqsis 76.1 muxlis `g~ qvepunqtiT gaTvaliswinebuli administraciuli organos val-debulebis ganxorcielebis xandazmulobis vada da arc `sajaro reestris Sesaxeb~ ka-noni da instruqcia iTvaliswinebs daTqmas ssip sajaro reestris erovnuli saagentosmier miRebuli gadawyvetilebis sakuTari iniciativiT gadamowmebis vadis Taobaze. sa-kasacio palatam xandazmulobis vadis Sinaarssa da mniSvnelobaze miTiTebiT, imis gaT-valiswinebiT, rom sajaro samarTlis kanonmdebloba ar adgens administraciuli or-ganos valdebulebis (gamosces individualuri administraciul-samarTlebrivi aqti)Sesrulebis vadas, miiCnia, rom mocemul urTierTobaze unda gavrceldes samoqalaqokodeqsis 128-e muxli, romlis pirveli nawili iTvaliswinebs, rom sxva pirisagan raimemoqmedebis Sesrulebis an moqmedebisagan Tavis Sekavebis moTxovnis uflebaze vrcel-deba xandazmuloba. imave muxlis me-3 nawilis Sesabamisad, xandazmulobis saerTo vadaSeadgens aT wels. amdenad, administraciuli organosaTvis szak-is 76.1 muxlis `b~ qve-punqtiT gaTvaliswinebuli individualuri administraciul-samarTlebrivi aqtis ga-mocemis valdebuleba sajaro reestrSi registrirebuli monacemebis kanonierebis Se-mowmebis Taobaze SesaZlebelia, ganxorcieldes kanoniT dadgenil aTwlian vadaSi.

saqmeze, romelSic pirveli instanciis sasamarTlos mier sarCelis dakmayofileba uar-yo saapelacio sasamarTlom, sakasacio palatam ar gaiziara saapelacio sasamarTlosdasabuTeba kanonier ZalaSi Sesuli sasamarTlos gadawyvetilebis aRsrulebis xandaz-mulobis Taobaze da ssk-is 142-e, 130-e da 138-e muxlebze miTiTebiT ganmarta, rom mo-sarCelis mamkvidreblis mier kanonier ZalaSi Sesuli gadawyvetilebis maregistrire-bel organoSi wardgeniT ssk-is 138-e muxlis safuZvelze Sewyda xandazmulobis vada,registraciis procesis warumateblad dasrulebis miuxedavad. amdenad, sakasacio pa-latam miiCnia, rom ar arsebobda xandazmulobis vadis gasvlis safuZvliT saregistra-cio warmoebis SeCerebis safuZveli.217

saqmeze, romelSic sadavo iyo uZrav nivTze registrirebul uflebaSi cvlilebis re-gistracia,218 pirveli instanciis sasamarTlos gadawyvetileba moTxovnis uaryofis Se-saxeb gauqmda da saapelacio palatam daakmayofila sarCeli, rac ar iqna gaziarebuliuzenaesi sasamarTlos mier. maregistrirebelma organom im safuZvliT SeaCera sare-gistracio warmoeba, rom ganmcxadeblis mier warmosadgeni iyo uZravi qonebis mesakuT-ris _ saxelmwifos Tanxmoba, an farTze saTanado uflebis damdgeni dokumenti. sakasa-cio palatam ar gaiziara saapelacio palatis mosazreba, rom saqmeSi warmodgenili sa-kadastro azomviTi naxazis mixedviT, uZravi nivTi warmoadgenda erT sistemaSi gaer-Tianebul, urTierTdakavSirebul da izolirebul farTs, ramdenadac aRniSnuli ardasturdeboda ask-is me-17 muxliTa da sssk-is 102-e muxliT gaTvaliswinebuli mtki-cebulebebiT, romlebic daadasturebda, rom moTxovnili farTi da privatizaciis sa-fuZvelze gacemuli farTi warmoadgenda erT sistemaSi gaerTianebul, urTierTdakav-Sirebul da izolirebul farTs. sakasacio palatam miiCnia, rom saapelacio sasamar-Tlom arasworad gamoiyena da ganmarta saqarTvelos iusticiis ministris 2010 wlis 15ianvris #4 brZanebiT damtkicebuli `sajaro reestris Sesaxeb~ instruqciis 14.9 mux-li, romelic adgens Senoba-nagebobis dauzustebel farTobze azomviTi naxazis safuZ-velze registraciis pirobebs. mocemul SemTxvevaSi, miwis nakveTi da masze ganTavse-



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buli Senoba-nagebobebi, romelSic ganTavsebuli iyo sadavo farTi registrirebuliiyo saxelmwifo sakuTrebad, romelmac am Senoba-nagebobaSi arsebuli farTebis nawi-li gankarga, xolo is farTi, romelic saxelmwifos ar ganukargavs kvlav mis sakuTre-bad rCeba da ar warmoadgens binaTmesakuTreTa amxanagobis saerTo sakuTrebas. sakasa-cio palatam miiCnia, rom gansaxilvel SemTxvevaSi gasaCivrebuli aqtebi miRebuli iyoskanonis moTxovnaTa dacviT da mxolod im garemoebaze miTiTeba, rom mosarCelis da-narCen mezoblebs mtkicebulebaTa wardgenis gareSe daukmayofildaT registraciis Ta-obaze moTxovna, sajaro reestris mier, ar SeiZleba sarCelis dakmayofilebis safuZ-veli gaxdes. sakasacio palatam sakonstitucio sasamarTlos mier diskriminaciis gan-martebaze miTiTebiT219 aRniSna, rom gansaxilvel SemTxvevaSi mosarCeles ar miuTiTe-bia arc erTi dasaxelebuli niSani, rasac SesaZloa, gamoewvia misTvis uZrav nivTze sa-kuTrebis registraciis moTxovnaze uaris Tqma.

xelaxla gansaxilvelad dabrunebul saqmeTagan aRsaniSnavia agreTve sakasacio sasa-marTlos mier arsebiTad ganxiluli erT-erTi zemoxsenebuli kategoriis dava,220 ro-melzec sakasacio palatam ar gaiziara saapelacio sasamarTlos mosazrebebi, Sesabami-sad, saqmis garemoebaTa gamoukvlevobis, gasaCivrebuli ganCinebis dausabuTeblobissafuZvliT, gaauqma aRniSnuli ganCineba da saqme xelaxla gansaxilvelad imave sasamar-Tlos daubruna. sakasacio sasamarTlom aRniSna, rom sadavo sakiTxis gadawyvetisas sa-apelacio sasamarTlos upirvelesad unda gamoekvlia da daedgina saqmis gadawyveti-saTvis arsebiTi mniSvnelobis mqone garemoebebi, rac mas ar ganuxorcielebia. qvedainstanciis sasamarTloebma ise uTxres uari mosarCeles sarCelis dakmayofilebaze,rom saerTod ar SeufasebiaT saqmeSi arsebuli umniSvnelovanesi mtkicebulebebi, ker-Zod, ar daudgeniaT is garemoeba, rom sadavo miwis nakveTTan mimarTebiT mxareebs So-ris wlebis ganmavlobaSi mimdinareobda dava da sadavo sakiTxTan dakavSirebiT arse-bobda kanonier ZalaSi Sesuli sasamarTlo gadawyvetileba. sakasacio sasamarTlom ase-ve aRniSna, rom saregistracio samsaxurs ar Seudarebia saregistraciod wardgenilidokumentacia saaRricxvo baraTsa da amonawerebTan, ramac gamoiwvia momijnave nakve-Tebze urTierTsawinaaRmdego registraciebis ganxorcieleba. amasTan, saapelacio sa-samarTlos ar daudgenia sadavo nakveTis axlad registrirebuli mesakuTris keTil-sindisier SemZenad miCnevis SesaZlebloba.

aseve aRsaniSnavia sajaro reestris saqmianobasTan dakavSirebuli erT-erTi saqme,221

romelzedac mesame piris mier mosarCelis uflebebis TaRliTuri meTodebis gamoye-nebiT Selaxvas hqonda adgili. kerZod, mesame pirma qiravnobis xelSekrulebis nasyi-dobis xelSekrulebad TaRliTurad gadakeTebis gziT, sajaro reestrSi sakuTrebisuflebiT uZravi qonebebis aRricxva, maTi gaerTianeba da SemdgomSi ipoTekiT datvir-Tva ganaxorciela. aRniSnul saqmeze, sakasacio sasamarTlom miuTiTa, rom uZravi qo-nebis garigebaze xelmoweris namdvilobis dadastureba dasaSvebia sajaro reestris uf-lebamosili TanamSromlis an avtorizebuli piris mier. sxva SemTxvevaSi, uZravi qone-bis nasyidobis xelSekruleba moiTxovs sajaro aqtis formiT _ xelSekrulebis monawi-leTa nebis dadasturebas. avtorizebuli piri, SesaZloa, aseve administraciuli xel-Sekrulebis safuZvelze iyos notariusi. miTiTebul SemTxvevaSi, mesame pirsa da mo-sarCeles Soris gaformebuli xelSekruleba uZravi qonebis nasyidobis Taobaze war-moadgenda kerZo aqts, igi sajaro reestrs saregistraciod warudgina ara avtorize-bulma notariusma, aramed dainteresebulma pirma _ davaSi mesame pirad Cabmulma pir-ma. amdenad, sakasacio sasamarTlom miiCnia, rom sadavo uZrav nivTebze mesame piris sa-kuTrebis uflebis registraciis Sesaxeb saregistracio samsaxuris gasaCivrebuli ga-dawyvetilebebis miRebisas maregistrirebeli organo valdebuli iyo gamoevlina is xar-vezi, rom msgavsi saxiT damowmebuli xelSekruleba wardgenili unda yofiliyo Tavad

219 saqme #2/1/473.220 saqme #bs-870-862(k-16).221 saqme #bs-975-971(k-17).


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xelmoweris namdvilobis damadasturebeli notariusis mier erTiani eleqtronuli sis-temis meSveobiT. amgvari xarvezis dadgeniT uzrunvelyofili iqneboda saregistra-cio warmoebis wesis dacva. Sesabamisad, aRniSnul valdebulebaTa ganuxorcieleblo-ba gasaCivrebul gadawyvetilebaTa baTilad cnobis samarTlebriv safuZvels warmo-Sobda. sakasacio sasamarTlom aseve dausabuTeblad miiCnia saapelacio sasamarTlosmsjeloba uZravi qonebis gaerTianebis Taobaze sajaro reestris erovnuli saagentosgasaCivrebul gadawyvetilebasTan mimarTebiT da miuTiTa, rom wina registraciis uka-nonoba TavisTavad ar iwvevda Semdgomi registraciis baTilobas, Sesabamisi samarTleb-rivi safuZvlis kanonierebis gadasinjvis gareSe, Tumca aRniSnuli midgoma moqmedeb-da mesame pirebTan mimarTebiT, vinaidan registrirebuli mesakuTre, Tundac is ar yo-filiyo uZravi nivTis namdvili mesakuTre, sajaro reestrSi registraciis safuZvel-ze, mesame pirebisaTvis miiCneoda namdvil mesakuTred. sakasacio sasamarTlom mesamepiris ipoTekis uflebis registraciis Sesaxeb gadawyvetilebasTan mimarTebiT aRniS-na, rom ipoTekis xelSekruleba, romelic safuZvlad daedo ssip sajaro reestris erov-nuli saagentos xsenebul gadawyvetilebas, gaformebuli iyo sanotaro moqmedebis da-dasturebis gziT, romelic sajaro reestrs xelSekrulebis dammowmebeli notariusismier waredgina. sadavo farTze ipoTekis ufleba davis ganxilvis momentSi registri-rebuli iyo sajaro reestrSi. sakasacio sasamarTlos mier ganimarta ipoTekis samar-Tlebrivi buneba da aRiniSna, rom vinaidan saqmeSi mesame pirad Cabmuli piri xelSekru-lebebis dadebisas sajaro reestrSi aRricxuli iyo uZravi nivTis mesakuTred da ipo-Tekarebs ar hqondaT saSualeba evaraudaT sakuTrebis xarvezianoba, isini miiCneodnenkeTilsindisierebad da maT mimarT unda gavrcelebuliyo marTlzomieri ipoTekare-bisaTvis gansazRvruli sakanonmdeblo garantiebi.

normis ganmartebis saWiroeba dadga sajaro reestris saqmianobasTan dakavSirebulerT-erT davaze,222 sadac sakasacio sasamarTlos Sefasebis sagans warmoadgenda sare-gistracio samsaxuris qmedebaTa kanonierebis dadgena Tavdapirvelad saregistraciowarmoebis SeCerebis, xolo Semdgom yadaRis registraciis kanonierebis SefasebiT, ra-sac, saboloo jamSi, Sedegad mohyva pirisTvis saregistracio warmoebaze uaris Tqma.miTiTebul SemTxvevaSi saregistracio warmoebis SeCerebis safuZvels warmoadgenda`sajaro reestris Sesaxeb~ saqarTvelos kanonis 21-e muxlis pirveli punqtis `T1~ qve-punqti, romlis Sesabamisadac, warmoeba SeCerdeba Tu saregistraciod wardgenili do-kumentebi maTi kanonierebis Seswavlis mizniT gadaigzavna Sesabamis samarTaldamcavorganoSi. sakasacio sasamarTlom ar gaiziara miTiTebul normasTan dakavSirebiT saa-pelacio sasamarTlos mier gakeTebuli samarTlebrivi Sefaseba da miiCnia, rom saape-lacio sasamarTlo formalurad miudga sadavo sakiTxs. sakasacio sasamarTlos gan-martebiT, `sajaro reestris Sesaxeb~ saqarTvelos kanonis 21-e muxlis pirveli pun-qtis ̀ T1~ qvepunqtiT gansazRvruli saregistracio warmoebis SeCerebis safuZveli gu-lisxmobs swored im SemTxvevas, rodesac saxelmwifo an kerZo pirTa interesebis xel-yofis Tavidan acilebisa da uZravi qonebis dacvis standartis gaTvaliswinebiT, sare-gistacio samsaxuri saeWvod miiCnevs saregistraciod wardgenil dokumentebs da aCe-rebs saregistracio warmoebas. saregistracio samsaxuris aRniSnuli SesaZlebloba ga-nuyofelia misi daniSnulebidan da eWvis arsebobis SemTxvevaSi saregistracio samsa-xuri araTu uflebamosili, aramed valdebulia SeaCeros saregistracio warmoeba. Tum-ca saregistracio samsaxuris aRniSnuli SesaZlebloba ar unda iqces saregistraciosamsaxuris TviTnebobis da dausabuTebeli gadawyvetilebis miRebis winapirobad. mi-TiTebuli normis safuZvelze saregistracio warmoebis SeCerebisas saregistracio sam-saxurs amis obieqturi da realuri safuZveli unda gaaCndes, raTa ar moxdes ganmcxa-deblis interesebis dausabuTebeli xelyofa saregistracio samsaxuris usafuZvlo va-raudebze dayrdnobiT. sakasacio sasamarTlos miTiTebiT, mocemul SemTxvevaSi sare-gistracio warmoebis SeCerebisas arsebobda ara Tu gonivruli eWvi moTxovnili re-gistraciis kanonierebasTan dakavSirebiT, aramed _ saregistracio samsaxurs Sesaba-

222 saqme #bs-443-443(k-18).


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misi kompetenturi organos mier ecnoba, rom mimdinarebda gamoZieba yalbi dokumente-bis gamoyenebiT miwis nakveTis misakuTrebis faqtze, anu im dokumentebis kanonierebisSemowmebis Taobaze, romelTa safuZvelzec maregistrirebel organoSi moxda miwis nak-veTis registracia. Sesabamisad, mesame piris moTxovna sadavo sakuTrebis registraci-is Taobaze, imTaviTve eqceoda im samarTlebriv sivrceSi, rac dakavSirebuli iyo gamo-ZiebiT dasadgen garemoebasTan da mis SedegebTan. rac Seexeba yadaRis registraciis daregistraciaze uaris Tqmis Sesaxeb sajaro reestris erovnuli saagentos gadawyveti-lebebis kanonierebas, sakasacio sasamarTlom miiCnia, rom saregistracio samsaxurma`sajaro reestris Sesaxeb~ saqarTvelos kanonis me-19 muxlis me-5 punqtis moTxovnaTadacviT, miTiTebuli normiT gansazRvruli rigiTobis Sesabamisad, marTebulad miiRogadawyvetileba sajaro-samarTlebrivi SezRudvis registraciasTan dakavSirebiT, risSemdgomac aRniSnuli kanonis 23-e muxlis ̀ b~ qvepunqtis safuZvelze aseve marTebuladiTqva uari sakuTrebis uflebis registraciaze, vinaidan saregistraciod wardgeniluflebis saganze registrirebuli iyo yadaRa. amasTan, sakasacio sasamarTlom miuTi-Ta sakonstitucio sasamarTlos im ganmartebebze, romelic man uZrav nivTebze keTil-sindisieri SemZenis gamomricxav garemoebebze gaakeTa.223

arsebiTad ganxilul saqmeTagan aRsaniSnavia aseve sakasacio sasamarTlos mier saqar-Tvelos administraciuli saproceso kodeqsis 32.4 muxlis gamoyenebiT gadawyvetilidava,224 romelic ssip sajaro reestris erovnuli saagentos mier miRebuli gadawyveti-lebebis kanonierebis Sefasebas Seexeboda. aRniSnul saqmeze sakasacio sasamarTlom mi-iCnia, rom saapelacio sasamarTlos gasaCivrebuli ganCineba ar iyo dasabuTebuli arcprocesualuri da arc materialuri TvalsazrisiT. qveda instanciis sasamarTloebmaaraswori samarTlebrivi Sefaseba misces sadavo sakiTxs da ise miiRes gadawyvetilebagansaxilvel saqmeze, rom ar imsjeles mosarCelis argumentebze da ver daasabuTes mi-si moTxovnis usafuZvloba. sakasacio sasamarTlom aRniSna, rom administraciuli or-ganos mier yuradRebis da Sefasebis miRma darCa is garemoeba, rom saqmeSi figurirebdaSesabamisi samsaxuris brZanebis ori, erTmaneTisgan gansxvavebuli Sinaarsis mqone va-rianti. sakasacio sasamarTlos SefasebiT, saregistracio samsaxuris mier sakiTxisadmiformalurma midgomam warmoSva axali dava mosarCelis sakuTrebaSi arsebul dupleq-sis tipis binis nawilze, razec aqamde mxareebs pretenzia ar hqoniaT. mxareebs Sorissadavod gamxdari iyo sxveni, rasTan dakavSirebiTac gamoica sadavo aqtebi, Tumca war-dgenili masalebiT ar dasturdeboda saregistracio samsaxuris mier saregistraci-od wardgenili dokumentebis srulyofilad gamokvleva da Sefaseba. administraciulorganos ar daudgenia realurad arsebobda Tu ara sadavo aqtebSi miTiTebuli farTe-bi, vinaidan saqmis masalebiT ar dasturdeboda sadavo farTebis identuroba sajaroreestris aqtebSi miTiTebul farTebTan. amasTan, sakasacio sasamarTloSi gamarTulsxdomaze administraciuli organoebis warmomadgenlebma Tavadve daadastures, romsadavo farTebis adgilze daTvalierebisas saerTod ver iqna aRmoCenili is farTi, ra-zec dava mimdinareobda. amdenad, bunebaSi arsebuli farTis realuri mdgomareoba Se-usabamo iyo gasaCivrebul aqtebSi miTiTebuli farTebisa. aqedan gamomdinare, sakasa-cio sasamarTlom saWirod miiCnia sadavo aqtebis baTilad cnoba da saqmis garemoebaTasrulyofili gamokvlevis mizniT sakiTxis administraciuli organosaTvis dabruneba.

saregistracio samsaxuris saqmianobasTan dakavSirebuli erT-erTi saqme, im motiviT,rom saapelacio sasamarTlos gadawyvetileba dausabuTebeli da winaaRmdegobrivi iyo,sakasacio sasamarTlom xelaxla gansaxilvelad daubruna imave sasamarTlos.225 saape-lacio sasamarTlos gasaCivrebuli gadawyvetilebis sarezolucio nawilis mixedviT,gadawyvetileba miRebuli iyo mosarCeleTa sasargeblod, romlis Tanaxmad, gansaxil-veli sarCeliT wardgenili moTxovna dakmayofilebuli iyo nawilobriv; xolo gasaCiv-

223 ix. #3/4/550 gadawyvetileba saqmeze „saqarTvelos moqalaqe nodar dvali saqarTvelosparlamentis winaaRmdeg“.



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rebuli gadawyvetilebis sarezolucio nawilisgan gansxvavebiT, gadawyvetilebis sa-motivacio nawilSi gakeTebuli daskvnebi gamoricxavda mosarCeleTa saboloo miznismiRwevis SesaZleblobas, kerZod, saapelacio sasamarTlom ukanonod miiCnia adminis-traciuli saCivris ganxilvaze uaris Tqmis Sesaxeb ssip sajaro reestris erovnuli sa-agentos gadawyvetileba da sajaro reestrs axali aqtis gamocema daavala, Tumca amav-droulad, saapelacio sasamarTlom arsebiTad imsjela da Sefaseba misca registraci-is Sesaxeb gadawyvetilebas, rac Tavis mxriv, administraciuli saCivris sagans warmo-adgenda, ris gamoc saapelacio sasamarTlos mier mosarCeleTa moTxovnis dakmayofi-lebis nawilSi miRebuli gadawyvetileba formalur xasiaTs atarebda da administra-ciul organos imTaviTve ganusazRvravda misaRebi gadawyvetilebis Sinaarss, rac sa-kasacio sasamarTlom dauSveblad miiCnia. amave davaze sakasacio sasamarTlom miuTi-Ta konkretul saqmeebze,226 sadac sakasacio sasamarTlom dasaSvebad miiCnia ssip saja-ro reestris erovnuli saagentos mxridan teritoriuli samsaxurebis mier miRebuligadawyvetilebis (maT Soris, sakuTrebis uflebis registraciis Sesaxeb gadawyvetile-bis) kontrolis/gadamowmebis SesaZlebloba. mocemul saqmeze sakasacio sasamarTlomkidev erTxel aRniSna, rom `sajaro reestris Sesaxeb~ saqarTvelos kanonis 29.3 muxliar gamoricxavs ssip sajaro reestris erovnuli saagentos uflebamosilebas wardge-nili administraciuli saCivris farglebSi gadaamowmos teritoriuli samsaxurebis mi-er miRebuli gadawyvetilebis kanoniereba.

2018 wels arsebiTad ganxilul davebs Soris iyo iseTi SemTxvevebic, rodesac davis Se-degobrivad sworad gadawyvetis miuxedavad, sakasacio palatam imsjela sadavo sakiT-xebze, radgan gasaCivrebuli gadawyvetilebebi ar Seicavdnen saTanado iuridiul da-sabuTebas. magaliTad, erT-erTi dava227 warmoiSva zeddebis gamo sajaro reestris mi-er fizikuri pirisTvis dazustebuli registraciis ganxorcielebaze uaris Tqmis Se-saxeb gadawyvetilebis gasaCivrebis da organos mier administraciuli saCivris nawi-lobriv ganuxilvelad datovebis sakiTxze. kasaciis farglebis gaTvaliswinebiT sasa-marTlom imsjela mxolod administraciul saCivarTan mimarTebiT sajaro reestriserovnuli saagentos mier miRebuli gadawyvetilebis marTlzomierebasTan dakavSire-biT. palatam imsjela administraciuli saCivris wardgenis daniSnulebasa da mniSvne-lobaze, administraciuli saCivris ganxilvisas organos mier saqmis gadawyvetisaTvismniSvnelobis mqone faqtobrivi garemoebebis sruli da yovelmxrivi gamokvlevis, sa-Civris avtoris pretenziebis Seswavlis, maTze dasabuTebuli pasuxebis gacemis, srul-yofili warmoebis Catarebis da mxolod amis Semdgom gadawyvetilebis miRebis saWiro-ebaze. sadavo aqti ar pasuxobda aRniSnul moTxovnebs, ramac marTebulad gamoiwvia mi-si baTilad cnoba.

yoveli davis gadawyveta saWiroebs garkveuli faqtebis dadgenas, vinaidan samar-TliT regulirebuli urTierToba SeiZleba aRmocendes, ganviTardes an Sewydesmxolod faqtebis safuZvelze, e.i. iseTi faqtebis safuZvelze, romlebsac samar-Tlis norma garkveul iuridiul Sedegs ukavSirebs. faqtebis swor da srulyofildadgenas gansakuTrebuli mniSvneloba eniWeba miwis nakveTebis registraciasTandakavSirebul davebSi, sadac, rogorc wesi, dasadgenia nakveTis mdebareoba, kon-figuracia, sazRvrebi, mezobeli nakveTis mesakuTreebi da sxv.

2017 wels ganxilul erT-erT davaSi228 mosarCele iTxovda mezoblebis dazustebuliregistraciebis baTilad cnobas mis dauzustebel registraciasTan zeddebis safuZ-vliT. saapelacio sasamarTlos gadawyvetileba ar Seicavda saeqsperto daskvnis gazi-arebaze uaris Tqmis dasabuTebas, ar iqna gaTvaliswinebuli sasarCelo moTxovnis rea-luri Sinaarsi _ is, rom sadavo iyo ara miwis nakveTebis gamoyofis kanoniereba, aramedmaTi mdebareoba da parametrebi. sadavo aqtebis gasaCivrebis farglebis, mosarCelis

226 saqme #bs-1695-1651(k-10); #bs-408-403(2k-14).227 saqme #bs-743-735(k-16).228 saqme #bs-231-227(k-15).


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samarTlebrivi interesis gaTvaliswinebiT, saapelacio sasamarTlom ar imsjela agreT-ve moTxovnis transformirebis saWiroebaze. saapelacio palatis mosazreba, rom me-zobeli nakveTebi saerTod ar kveTdnen mosarCelis nakveTs, ar iyo dasabuTebuli. ase-ve ar iyo dasabuTebuli miReba-Cabarebis aqtebSi asaxuli nakveTebis parametrebis dac-viT mosarCelis moTxovnis dakmayofilebis SeuZlebloba. sakasacio palatam aRniSnulsaqmeSic imsjela dazustebul da dauzustebel registraciebze, maT samarTlebrivmniSvnelobaze, registraciis dazustebis SesaZleblobaze, sakadastro rukis Sedge-nis wesze. sakasacio sasamarTlom miiCnia, rom saapelacio palatam saTanadod ar Sea-fasa saqmeSi daculi mtkicebulebebi: azomviTi naxazebi, sakadastro rukebi, saeqsper-to daskvna, mowmeTa Cvenebebi, ar imsjela mezobeli miwis nakveTis Canacvlebis gamom-wvev garemoebebze. uzenaesma sasamarTlom yuradReba gaamaxvila agreTve erT-erTi me-zobeli nakveTis SemZenis interesebze da aRniSna, rom sadavo aqtebis gauqmeba Sedegadar ganapirobebs nakveTis keTilsindisieri SemZenis uflebis Selaxvas, vinaidan davissagans Seadgens nakveTis adgilmdebareobis Secvla da ara uflebadamdgeni dokumen-tebis marTlzomiereba, Sesabamisad, ar dadasturda keTilsindisieri SemZenis mier Se-Zenili farTis Semcireba.

keTilsindisieri SemZenis interessa da sarCelis miznis gaTvaliswinebiT moTxovnaTadazustebis saWiroebaze imsjela uzenaesma sasamarTlom agreTve 2018 wels ganxilulsaqmeebSic. erT-erT saqmeSi229 mopasuxe maregistrirebeli organos aqtebis baTiladcnobis Sesaxeb sasarCelo moTxovna ar dakmayofilda mxolod imaze miTiTebiT, rom argasaCivrebula sadavo registraciebis safuZvlebi. gadawyvetilebis miRebisas saape-lacio sasamarTlom ar gaiTvaliswina, rom administraciuli samarTalwarmoebis in-kviziciuri xasiaTis miuxedavad, sarCelis ufleba dispoziciuria, sasamarTlo Sebo-Wilia mosarCelis moTxovnis farglebiT. Tumca sasamarTlo ar aris SeboWili sasar-Celo moTxovnis formulirebiT, procesis daCqarebis mizniT, mosamarTles SeuZlia da-exmaros mxares moTxovnis transformirebaSi. davis faqtobrivi garemoebebis gaTvalis-winebiT, garkvevas saWiroebda sarCelis aRZvris realuri interesi, sadavo registra-ciebis safuZvlad arsebuli aqtebiT mosarCelis kanonieri interesisaTvis zianis mi-yeneba, radgan sarCelis dakmayofilebaze uaris Tqmis safuZvels ar SeiZleba qmnidesmopasuxis uflebadamdgeni dokumentebis gausaCivrebloba, ukeTu am dokumentebs mo-sarCelisaTvis uSualo ziani ar miuyenebia. saapelacio palatis mier uflebadamdgenidokumentebi da saqmeSi daculi sxva mtkicebulebebi ar Sefasebula. sakasacio pala-tam yuradReba gaamaxvila agreTve erTsa da imave farTze CanawerTa konkurenciis dros,upiratesobis mqone Canaweris dadgenis gzebze, registraciis ganxorcielebamde mare-gistrirebeli organos mier saqmis garemoebaTa yovelmxriv da srulyofilad gamok-vlevis saWiroebaze, agreTve, keTilsinidisieri SemZenis interesebis daculobis sa-kiTxze, rodesac dava exeba ara uflebis arseboba/ararsebobas, aramed miwis (saZovris)sivrcobriv ganlagebas.

sakasacio sasamarTlos mier dadgenil erTgvarovan praqtikasTan winaaRmdegobis mo-tiviT sakasacio palatis mier axali gadawyvetilebis miRebiT gauqmebul iqna saapela-cio sasamarTlos ganCineba, romliTac Seilaxa mosarCelis sakuTrebis ufleba.230 ker-Zod, aRniSnul saqmeze saapelacio sasamarTlo, garkveulwilad, formalurad miudgasadavo sakiTxs da saapelacio saCivrisa da, Sesabamisad, sarCelis dakmayofilebaze ua-ris Tqma uflebadamdgeni dokumentis warudgenlobas daafuZna. aRniSnulis sawinaaR-mdegod, sakasacio palatam dadgenil praqtikaze dayrdnobiT miuTiTa, rom gansaxil-vel SemTxvevaSi, sadavod ar gamxdara mosarCelis saxelze dauzustebeli farTobiTmiwis nakveTis registraciisa da aRniSnuli registraciis mizniT wardgenili uflebisdamadasturebeli dokumentis kanoniereba. amdenad, sakasacio sasamarTlom miiCnia, romsakuTrebis uflebis damdgeni dokumentis mokvleviT, misi Tanmdevi samarTlebrivi Se-

229 saqme #bs-718-710(k-15).230 saqme #bs-803(k-18).


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degebis gansazRvriTa da SefasebiT saapelacio sasamarTlo, faqtobrivad, gascda da-vis farglebs. amasTan, uflebis damdgeni dokumentis _ miwis miReba-Cabarebis aqtis mxa-ris mier sasamarTlosaTvis warudgenloba an/da xsenebuli dokumentis maregistrire-beli organos saregistracio masalebSi daucveloba ar warmoadgenda zemoxsenebulimiwis nakveTis mosarCelisaTvis gamoyofis faqtis uaryofis safuZvels. metic, im pi-robebSi, rodesac sadavod ar iyo gamxdari miwis nakveTis mosarCelis ojaxis saxelzeregistraciis faqti, gansaxilvel davasTan mimarTebiT, samarTlebrivad irelevantu-ri iyo miTiTebuli samarTlebrivi dokumentis im mdgomareobiT materialurad arse-bobis sakiTxis gansazRvra.

sakuTrebis uflebis Selaxva dadginda ssip sajaro reestris erovnuli saagentos wi-naaRmdeg mimarTul kidev erT saqmeze,231 sadac sakasacio sasamarTlom ar gaiziara saa-pelacio sasamarTlos msjeloba da Selaxuli uflebis aRdgenis mizniT, gasaCivrebu-li gadawyvetilebis gauqmebiTa da axali gadawyvetilebis miRebiT saWirod miiCnia sa-qarTvelos administraciuli saproceso kodeqsis 32.4 muxlis gamoyeneba. sakasacio sa-samarTlom yuradReba gaamaxvila im sakiTxze, rom kasatoris iuridiul interess war-moadgenda ara sakuTrebis uflebadamdgeni dokumentis _ nasyidobis xelSekrulebisbaTilad cnoba, aramed sajaro reestrSi registrirebuli miwis nakveTis registraci-is baTilad cnoba, kerZod, nakveTis araswori mdebareobis miTiTebis gamo registraci-is gauqmeba, ramac gamoiwvia sadavo miwis nakveTis zeddeba mopasuxis sakuTrebaSi ar-sebul miwis nakveTTan. amdenad, sadavo iyo ara miwis nakveTis gamoyofa, aramed misiparametrebi da adgilmdebareoba. sakasacio palatam aRniSna, rom maregistrirebeliorgano uflebamosili iyo konkretul SemTxvevaSi damatebiT moeTxova saregistraciowarmoebasTan dakavSirebuli nebismieri dokumenti an informaciis warmodgena, rome-lic aucilebeli iyo ganacxadiT moTxovnil sakiTxze gadawyvetilebis misaRebad, Se-sabamisad, dausabuTebeli iyo saapelacio sasamarTlos daskvna imis Sesaxeb, rom verxerxdeboda nakveTis identificireba da ar dasturdeboda dauzustebeli monaceme-biT mosarCelis saxelze registrirebuli miwis nakveTis mopasuxis saxelze registra-cia. saregistracio samsaxuris mier zemoaRniSnuli funqciebis ganuxorcieleblobisgamo mosarCeles faqtobrivad waerTva sakuTrebis ufleba sadavo nakveTze, miT ufro,rom saregistracio samsaxuri ver uTiTebda mis saxelze sajaro reestrSi registri-rebuli nakveTis raime sxva adgilmdebareobas. sakasacio sasamarTlos SefasebiT, ka-nonmdebloba ar gamoricxavda dauzustebeli registraciis arsebobas, Sesabamisad, re-gistraciis arsebobis gadamowmeba mxolod eleqtronuli naxazis meSveobiT ar adas-turebda administraciuli organos mier saqmis garemoebebis gamokvlevisa da Sefase-bis safuZvelze gadawyvetilebis miRebas, aRniSnuli yovelgvar azrs ukargavda dauzus-tebel registracias. amasTan, saqarTvelos zogadi administraciuli kodeqsis 95-e mux-lis Sesabamisad, administraciuli organo valdebuli iyo dainteresebuli mxarisaT-vis _ mosarCelisaTvis ecnobebina warmoebis dawyebis Sesaxeb, mieca misTvis azris ga-moTqmis SesaZlebloba. sakasacio palatam aseve ganmarta, rom dauSvebeli iyo saregis-tracio monacemisa da namdvili mdgomareobis Seusabamoba, saganTa namdvili mdgoma-reoba da registrirebuli monacemebi unda yofiliyo TanxvedraSi. unda garkveuliyo,Tu romels gaaCnda ukeTesi samarTlebrivi safuZveli. gansaxilvel SemTxvevaSi, mo-sarCelis saxelze gacemuli miwis nakveTis miReba-Cabarebis aqti da saregistracio Ca-naweri qmnidnen nakveTis mosarCelis saxelze aRricxvis safuZvels, Tumca arc qvedainstanciis sasamarTloebma da arc maregistrirebelma organom ar gamoikvlies kon-kretulad romel miwis nakveTze iyo dava maSin, roca saqmis masalebiT dasturdeboda,rom mopasuxes ori miwis nakveTi hqonda SeZenili sxvadasxva mesakuTrisagan, xolo mo-sarCele davobda mxolod erT miwis nakveTze. sakasacio sasamarTlom miiCnia, rom sa-kiTxis arsebiTad gadawyvetisaTvis fundamenturi mniSvneloba unda miniWeboda Tavadadministraciuli organos mier konkretuli faqtobrivi garemoebebis dadgenas da swo-red maTi mxedvelobaSi miRebiT unda gamocemuliyo Sesabamisi individualuri admi-

231 saqme #bs-270-270(k-18).


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nistraciul-samarTlebrivi aqtebi.

ganxilul sxva saqmeSi232 mosarCelis mier maregistrirebel organoSi wardgenil dazus-tebul naxazze asaxuli miwis nakveTis nawili zeddebaSi iyo kulturuli memkvidreo-bis uZravi Zeglis teritoriasTan, romelic aRricxuli iyo fizikuri pirebis Tanasa-kuTrebaSi. mosarCele iTxovda mesame pirTa registraciis baTilad cnobas da uZraviZeglis sazRvrebis koreqtirebas. mosarCele Tavisi sakuTrebis damdgen dokumentaduTiTebda miReba-Cabarebis aqts, romelic aramarTlzomierebis Sesaxeb mosarCelis ara-erTgzis miTiTebis miuxedavad, saapelacio sasamarTlom saTanado Sefasebis, mosarCe-lis argumentaciaze msjelobis gareSe, CaTvala kanonierad, sawinaaRmdegos damadas-turebeli sasamarTlo gadawyvetilebis ararsebobis gamo. sakasacio palatam yurad-Reba gaamaxvila mtkicebulebaTa sruli, yovelmxrivi da obieqturi Sefasebis saWiro-ebis, mtkicebulebisaTvis winaswar dadgenili Zalis miniWebis dauSveblobis, aqtis ka-nonierebasTan dakavSirebiT mimdinare sasamarTlo warmoebis Taobaze saapelacio pa-latis codnis, sasamarTlos mier masTan wardgenili dokumentaciis formaluri da Si-naarsobrivi mxaris Semowmebis SesaZleblobis sakiTxze. dadginda, rom saapelacio sa-samarTlom saTanadod ar Seiswavla masTan wardgenili mtkicebulebebi, Sesabamis pe-riodSi miReba-Cabarebis aqtis gacemis normatiulad gansazRvruli safuZvlebi. saka-sacio palatam gadawyvetilebis miRebisas gaiTvaliswina, rom mogvianebiT, kanonier Za-laSi myofi gadawyvetilebiT dadasturda mosarCelis uflebadamdgeni dokumentis _miReba-Cabarebis aqtis ukanonoba. gadawyvetilebaSi sakasacio palatam, iseve rogorcsxva araerT davaSi, yuradReba gaamaxvila agreTve dauzustebeli registraciis samar-Tlebriv Sinaarssa da saTanado dokumentaciis wardgenisas misi dazustebis SesaZleb-lobaze. kanonier ZalaSi myofi gadawyvetilebiT dadgenili faqtobrivi garemoebebisda saqmeSi daculi mtkicebulebebis: uZravi Zeglis pasportis, topografiuli gegmisada saeqsperto daskvnis erToblivi Sefasebis safuZvelze, sakasacio palatam dadgeni-lad miiCnia, rom mosarCelis mier wardgenil naxazze asaxuli teritoria iWreboda uZ-ravi ZeglisaTvis mikuTvnebuli teritoriis sazRvrebSi, saqmeSi daculi mtkicebule-bebi sakmarisi iyo davis arsebiTad gadawyvetisaTvis.

sajaro reestris mimarT gadawyvetilebebis baTilad cnobisa da miwis nakveTze sakuT-rebis uflebis registraciis Sesaxeb aRZruli sarCeli233 pirveli instanciis sasamar-Tlom ar daakmayofila, xolo saapelacio sasamarTlom daakmayofila moTxovna da mo-pasuxes daavala axali aqtis gamocema mosarCelis mier wardgenil gancxadebasTan da-kavSirebiT. sakasacio palatam axali gadawyvetilebis gamotanis Sedegad uari uTxramosarCeles moTxovnis dakmayofilebaze da miuTiTa, rom registraciaze uaris Tqmisda registraciis Sesaxeb gasaCivrebuli gadawyvetilebebis baTilad cnobiT ver miiR-weoda is iuridiuli interesi, rac mosarCeles gaaCnda, im pirobebSi, rodesac sadavoar iyo saxelmwifos saxelze ganxorcielebuli registraciisas wardgenili sadavo mi-wis nakveTze uflebis damadasturebeli dokumenti.

xelaxla gansaxilvelad dabrunebul davebs Soris aRsaniSnavia erT-erTi saqme,234 sa-dac qveda instanciis sasamarTloTa mier mosarCelis sakuTrebis uflebis Selaxvisada, Sesabamisad, materialur-samarTlebrivi normebis ugulebelyofasTan erTad asevegamovlenil iqna mniSvnelovani saproceso-samarTlebrivi darRvevebi, romlebsac Se-eZlo arsebiTad emoqmeda saqmis ganxilvis Sedegze. kerZod, saapelacio sasamarTlomar gamoiyena is SesaZleblobebi da meqanizmebi, romelsac mas kanonmdebloba aniWebdada davis sagani arsebiTi ganxilvis gareSe datova. aRniSnul saqmeze sakasacio sasamar-Tlos mier ganimarta sarCelis transformirebis arsi da mizani, rac administraciulprocesSi moqmedi inkviziciurobisa da dispoziciurobis principebis Sejerebis erT-erT gamoxatulebas warmoadgens. amasTan, sakasacio sasamarTlom aRniSna, rom sasamar-



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Tloebma yuradReba unda gaamaxvilon im garemoebaze, rom miuxedavad administraciu-li samarTalwarmoebis inkviziciuri xasiaTisa da sarCelis transformirebis SesaZleb-lobisa, sasamarTloebi SezRuduli arian saqarTvelos samoqalaqo saproceso kodeq-sis 248-e da me-3 muxlebis moqmedebiT, romelTa mixedviTac, mxareebi TviTon gansaz-Rvraven davis sagans da sasamarTlos ufleba ara aqvs, miakuTvnos mxares is, rac ar uT-xovia, an imaze meti, vidre is moiTxovda. sakasacio sasamarTlos miTiTebiT, maSin ro-desac mxare procesualurad sworad ver ayalibebs Tavis moTxovnas procesis dispo-ziciurobis principis gaTvaliswinebiT, mosamarTles sarCelis transformirebisassworad unda daedgina mosarCelis iuridiuli interesi _ ra uflebis aRsadgenad mi-marTa man sasamarTlos da ra iyo misi saboloo interesi. sakasacio sasamarTlos gan-martebiT, procesualuri uflebebi da materialuri moTxovnebi ar unda iqnes uaryo-fili mosarCelis gamoucdelobis gamo, aramed mosamarTles SeuZlia, xeli Seuwyos moT-xovnis sworad formulirebas.

sakuTrebis uflebis aRiarebasTan dakavSirebuli davebi

xazgasasmelia 2017-2018 wlebSi sakuTrebis uflebis aRiarebis komisiis mimarT ar-sebiTad ganxiluli saqmeebic, romlebzedac sakasacio sasamarTlom mniSvnelova-ni ganmartebebi gaakeTa sakuTrebis uflebis aRiarebis moTxovnis safuZvlianobismtkicebasTan dakavSirebiT.

erT-erT aseT saqmeze235 sakasacio sasamarTlom, marTalia, ucvlelad datova saapela-cio sasamarTlos gasaCivrebuli ganCineba, Tumca kasaciis motivebis srulyofili ga-moricxviT ganavrco saapelacio palatis msjeloba. sakasacio sasamarTlom aRniSna,rom saqarTvelos zogadi administraciuli kodeqsi krZalavs kanonsawinaaRmdego aR-mWurveli administraciul-samarTlebrivi aqtis baTilad cnobas, roca dadgenilia da-interesebuli mxaris (igulisxmeba aqtis adresati) kanonieri ndobis ufleba, sagamo-nakliso daTqmiT, Tu amgvari aqti arsebiTad arRvevs mesame piris (saxelmwifo, sazo-gadoebriv an sxva piris) kanonier uflebebs an interesebs. sakasacio sasamarTlom gan-marta, rom kanonieri ndobis uflebiT aqtis adresati daculia im viTarebaSi, rodesacmisi ndobis ufleba konfliqtSia mxolod kanonierebis principTan, magram Tu amavdro-ulad ukanono aqti mesame piris kanonieri ndobis uflebas arsebiTad arRvevs, SeuZle-belia prioritetulad iqnes ganxiluli aqtis adresatis kanonieri ndobis ufleba sxva,mesame pirTa kanonieri ndobis uflebis ugulebelyofis xarjze. sakasacio sasamarTlommiuTiTa im garemoebaze, rom fizikuri pirebis mxridan sakuTrebis uflebis aRiareba-ze uflebamosil administraciul organoSi wardgenil iqna kanoniT gaTvaliswinebu-li Sesabamisi dokumentebi miwis nakveTze sakuTrebis uflebis aRiarebisTvis da maTkomisiisTvis raime saxis araswori informacia ar miuwodebiaT, rasac arc mosarCelexdida sadavod. Sesabamisad, is garemoeba, rom sakuTrebis uflebis aRiarebis komisiisoqmi xarveziani iyo, ver gaxdeboda maT saxelze gacemuli sakuTrebis uflebis mowmo-bebis baTilad cnobis safuZveli. amdenad, sakasacio sasamarTlom ganmarta, rom gasa-Civrebuli administraciul-samarTlebrivi aqtebis mimarT mesame pirebis kanonierindoba unda Sefasebuliyo, rogorc dacvis Rirsi; maT Sesrulebuli hqondaT sakuTre-bis uflebis aRiarebisTvis kanoniT gansazRvruli yvela savaldebulo moTxovna, rom-lis arsebobis pirobebSi SesaZlebeli iyo aRmWurveli administraciul-samarTlebri-vi aqtis gamocema. amasTan, yuradReba gamaxvilda im garemoebaze, rom fizikuri pire-bis saxelze sakuTrebis uflebis mowmobebi gacemuli iyo manam, sanam sadavo miwis nak-veTebi saxelmwifos saxelze daregistrirdeboda.

saqarTvelos administraciuli saproceso kodeqsis 32.4 muxlis dausabuTeblad gamo-yenebis safuZvliT sakasacio sasamarTlom erT-erT saqmeze236 gaauqma saapelacio sasa-



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marTlos gasaCivrebuli ganCineba da Tavad Seafasa sadavo sakiTxi, ramdenadac saqmezedadgenili faqtobrivi garemoebebi iZleoda sakiTxis arsebiTad gadawyvetis SesaZleb-lobas. aRniSnul saqmeze mniSvnelovani ganmarteba iqna gakeTebuli piris mier TviTne-burad dakavebul miwaze sakuTrebis uflebis aRiarebis faqtis dadasturebasTan da-kavSirebiT. sakasacio sasamarTlom ganmarta, rom dRevandeli teqnologiuri SesaZleb-lobebis gaTvaliswinebiT, miwis nakveTze konkretul periodSi uZravi qonebis arsebo-ba-ararsebobis faqtis dadgena obieqturi realobis amsaxveli mtkicebulebebis _ or-Tofotos (aerofotogadaRebis) meSveobiT aris SesaZlebeli. amgvari teqnologiurisaSualebebi gamoricxavs mowmis CvenebiT im garemoebis dadgenis saWiroebas, rac kon-kretuli, obieqturi faqtebis ganmsazRvreli mtkicebulebebiT dadasturebas eqvem-debareba. Tavis mxriv, mowmis Cveneba verbaluri xasiaTis mtkicebulebaa, romelic no-tariulad damowmebuli gancxadebis saxiT iuridiul formas iZens. amgvari mtkicebu-lebiT gadmoicema mowmeTa mier subieqturi TvaliT danaxuli realoba, romlis nam-dvilobac swored obieqturad arsebuli garemoebebis amsaxvel, kanonmdeblobiT gaT-valiswinebuli dokumentebiT dadgenil mocemulobasTan erTobliobaSi unda Semow-mdes. amasTan, garemoebebi, romlebic SesaZlebelia dadasturdes konkretuli saxismtkicebulebebiT, ar SeiZleba dadasturebuli da, miT ufro, uaryofili iqnes sxva sa-xis mtkicebulebiT. amdenad, sakasacio sasamarTlom aRniSna, rom mowmeTa Cvenebebsada orTofotoTi, rogorc obieqturi realobis amsaxveli mtkicebulebiT, dadgenilrealobas Soris winaaRmdegobis arsebobis pirobebSi, upiratesoba swored orTofo-toTi gansazRvrul mocemulobas unda miniWeboda, ramdenadac aRniSnuli mtkicebu-lebiT asaxuli mdgomareoba obieqturad dadasturebuli iyo, romelic SesaZloa ga-qarwylebuliyo an misi marTebuloba eWqveS damdgariyo ara subieqturi informaciisSemcveli mowmis CvenebiT, aramed mxolod imave mtkicebiTi Zalis, obieqturi garemoe-bebis amsaxveli mtkicebulebebiT. sakasacio sasamarTlom agreTve miuTiTa, rom TavaduflebaaRiarebas moTxovnili miwis nakveTi mosarCelem Cuqebis xelSekrulebiT mii-Ro, xolo Tavad gamCuqebels igi sakuTrebaSi 2008 wels, qalaq baTumis sakrebulos mi-wis aRiarebis komisiis mier gadaeca. sakasacio sasamarTlom miiCnia, rom amgvari moce-mulobiT, mizanSeuwoneli da gaumarTlebeli iyo aRiarebuli miwis nakveTis momijna-ved arsebuli TviTneburad dakavebuli miwis momijnaveobis safuZvliT dausrulebe-li aTviseba da Semdgom masze sakuTrebis uflebis aRiareba. amdenad, Cuqebis xelSek-rulebis gziT mosarCeleze uflebaaRiarebas moTxovnili miwis nakveTis usasyidlodsakuTrebaSi gadasvlam gamoiwvia wina mesakuTris (gamCuqeblis) Canacvleba TviTnebu-rad dakavebuli miwis aRiarebis miznebisaTvis.

saqmeze, romelSic davis sagani iyo fizikuri piris mier TviTneburad dakavebul miwa-ze sakuTrebis uflebis aRiareba237 pirveli instanciis sasamarTlom nawilobriv daak-mayofila mosarCelis moTxovna da sadavo sakiTxis gadauwyvetlad baTilad cno gasa-Civrebuli aqti. saapelacio sasamarTlom komisiis saCivris safuZvelze uari uTxra mo-sarCeles moTxovnis dakmayofilebaze, rac gauqmda da sakasacio palatis gadawyveti-leba gamotanil iqna imave SedegiT, rogoric iyo pirveli instanciis sasamarTlos ga-dawyvetileba. sakasacio palatam ganmarta, rom sadavo aqti ar Seicavda msjelobas gan-cxadebaze darTuli dokumentebi, administraciulma organom ra garemoebaze dayrdno-biT ar miiCnia gancxadebis dakmayofilebisaTvis sakmaris mtkicebulebad, radgan gan-cxadebas erTvoda sakiTxis maregulirebeli aqtiT gansazRvruli miwis TviTneburaddakavebis damadasturebeli dokumentebi, rac administraciul organos mtkicebis ma-Rali xarisxiT akisrebs valdebulebas, ganmcxadeblis moTxovnis uaryofis SemTxveva-Si, miRebuli gadawyvetileba saTanadod daasabuTos, risTvisac saWiroa administra-ciul organos daedgina: saxelmwifo sakuTrebis sasoflo an arasasoflo-sameurneodaniSnulebis miwis nakveTi iyo Tu ara mosarCelis faqtobriv sargeblobaSi da TviT-neburad dakavebis faqtis daudastureblobis SemTxvevaSi, Sesabamisi mtkicebulebismiTiTebiT, aesaxa ganmcxadeblis mimarT gamocemul gankargulebaSi. administraciulorganos aseve unda gamoekvlia konkretuli miwis nakveTis mimarT xom ar arsebobda moq-

237 saqme #bs-689-689(k-18).


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medi kanonmdeblobiT gansazRvruli sakuTrebis uflebis aRiarebis gamomricxavi ga-remoebebi da aseTis dadasturebis SemTxvevaSi, Sesabamisi dasabuTeba asaxuli unda yo-filiyo sadavo gankargulebaSi, rac gansaxilvel SemTxvevaSi mopasuxis mier ganxor-cielebuli ar yofila.

saqmeze, romelSic sadavo iyo miwis nakveTis TviTneburad dakavebis faqti,238 saapela-cio sasamarTlom ZalaSi datova sask-is 32.4 muxlis safuZvelze sadavo aqtebis baTi-lad cnobis Sesaxeb pirveli instanciis sasamarTlos gadawyvetileba. sakasacio pala-tam miiCnia, rom rogorc administraciuli organo, ise sasamarTlo formalurad mi-udga sadavo sakiTxs da Semoifargla mxolod imaze miTiTebiT, rom komisias unda Sees-wavla da gamoekvlia miwis nakveTze mosarCelis mflobelobisa da sargeblobis faqti,saapelacio palatam ar imsjela ramdenad SesaZlebeli iyo administraciuli organosmier sakiTxis xelaxali ganxilvisas saqmeze miRebuli gadawyvetilebis aRsruleba daim SemTxvevaSi Tu komisia daadgenda, rom saxeze iyo 2007 wlamde mosarCelis mier miwisnakveTis TviTneburad dakavebis faqti, rogor ganxorcieldeboda miwis nakveTis sa-kuTrebaSi gadacema. qveda instanciis sasamarTlom ar imsjela, administraciuli or-ganosaTvis sakiTxis xelaxali ganxilvis davalebiT, mosarCelisaTvis ramdenad arse-bobs miRwevadi da sasurveli Sedegis dadgomis albaToba, vinaidan, miwis nakveTi, ro-melTan dakavSirebiTac saapelacio sasamarTlom daavala aRiarebis komisias sakiTxissaTanado Seswavla, ar warmoadgens saxelmwifo sakuTrebas. saapelacio palatam saqmisxelaxali ganxilvisas unda imsjelos, ramdenad SesaZlebelia mosarCelis iuridiuliinteresis miRweva warmodgenili sasarCelo moTxovnis farglebSi, imis gaTvaliswine-biT, rom ZalaSia da ar aris sadavod gamxdari uZravi qonebis urTierTgadacemis xel-Sekruleba. saapelacio sasamarTlos daevala saqmis xelaxla ganxilvisas saqarTvelosadministraciuli saproceso kodeqsis 281 muxliT miniWebuli uflebamosilebis gamo-yenebiT, daxmareboda mosarCeles moTxovnis transformirebaSi, sasarCelo moTxovnis,mopasuxeTa da mesame pirTa wris dazustebaSi da mxolod aRniSnuli procesualuri moq-medebebis ganxorcielebis Semdeg yofiliyo ganxiluli sasarCelo moTxovnis safuZ-vlianoba, sakasacio sasamarTlos miTiTebebis gaTvaliswinebiT.

saxelmwifo qonebis privatizaciis Sesaxeb davebi

saxelmwifo sakuTrebaSi arsebuli qonebis kerZo sakuTrebaSi privatizaciis (tran-sformaciis) procesSi araerTi samarTlebrivi dava SeiZleba warmoiSvas. 2017-2018wlebSi sakasacio palatis mier arsebiTad ganxilul saqmeebs Soris aRsaniSnavi iyofizikuri pirisaTvis sacxovrebeli farTis (binis) usasyidlod sakuTrebaSi gada-cemasTan, saZovris privatizaciasTan dakavSirebuli davebi.

2017 wels ganxilul erT-erT saqmeSi239 piri iTxovda mis sargeblobaSi arsebuli sac-xovrebeli farTis usasyidlod sakuTrebaSi gadacemas, Tumca saqmis masalebiT ar dgin-deboda privatizebis savaldebulo piroba _ farTiT kanonieri sargebloba, saqmeSi ariyo daculi agreTve farTiT kanonieri sargeblobis uflebawarmomSobi dokumenti. sa-kasacio palatam erTmaneTisagan gamijna administraciul organoSi wardgenili gancxa-deba da administraciuli saCivari, Seafasa mosarCelis mier zemdgom administraciulorganoSi wardgenili gancxadebis Sinaarsi, romlis teqstidan saerTod ar iyo SesaZ-lebeli imis dadgena, rom Setanilia administraciuli saCivari da ara gancxadeba pri-vatizaciis sakiTxze, Sesabamisad, ar gamoikveTa organos mier gacxadebisaTvis xarve-zis dadgenis safuZveli da gancxadebis uflebamosil administraciul organoSi ga-dagzavnis winapiroba. sakasacio palatam miiCnia agreTve, rom qveda instanciis sasa-marTloebis mier araswori procesualuri normis gamoyenebiT ganisazRvra saqmeze ga-dasaxdeli saxelmwifo baJis odenoba.



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sacxovrebeli farTis (binis) usasyidlod sakuTrebaSi gadacemis sakiTxs exeboda ag-reTve amave wels ganxiluli dava,240 romelSic mosarCele, rogorc kanonieri mosar-geble, iTxovda ruseTis yofili samxedro bazis teritoriaze mdebare binis usasyid-lod sakuTrebaSi gadacemas, uflebadamdgen dokumentad asaxelebda ordersa da mac-xovrebelTa sias. pirveli instanciis sasamarTlos mier sarCeli dakmayofilda, Tumcasaapelacio palatam Secvala raionuli sasamarTlos gadawyvetileba da uari Tqva sar-Celis dakmayofilebaze. uzenaesma sasamarTlom imsjela farTis usasyidlod sakuT-rebaSi gadacemis winapirobebze, kanonieri sargeblobis damdgen dokumentaciaze, ru-seTis yofili samxedro bazis teritoriaze sacxovrebliT uzrunvelyofis uflebas-Tan dakavSirebiT, e.w. ̀ soWis SeTanxmebiT~ saxelmwifoebis mier aRebul valdebulebeb-ze, Seafasa saqmeSi daculi mtkicebulebebi: orderi, romelic mosarCelis samsaxuri-dan gaTavisuflebis Semdeg iyo gamocemuli; binebis mflobelTa sia, romelic iyo erT-erTi, magram ara utyuari mtkicebuleba, binadrobis mowmoba, sajaro reestrSi wardge-nili gancxadeba da miiCnia, rom ar arsebobda sarCelis dakmayofilebis safuZveli, rad-gan ar dasturdeboda mosarCelisaTvis farTis kanonier sargeblobaSi gadacema da far-TSi faqtobrivad cxovreba. amdenad, saapelacio palatis gadawyvetileba darCa ucvle-li.

erT-erT saqmeze sakasacio palatam gaauqma saapelacio sasamarTlos gadawyvetileba,axali gadawyvetilebis miRebiT uaryo mosarCelis moTxovna da miiCnia, rom sasarCelomoTxovnis safuZvlianobis SemowmebisaTvis mniSvnelovani iyo mosarCelis mier sadavofarTis normatiuli aqtiT dadgenili wesiT kanonieri sargeblobis faqtis arsebobisdadgena241 da ara mesame piris mamkvidreblis sargeblobis uflebis damdgeni dokumen-tis kanonierebis Sefaseba, razec ukve arsebobda sasamarTlos kanonier ZalaSi Sesuligadawyvetileba. sakiTxis maregulirebeli normatiuli aqtebis analizis safuZvelzesakasacio palatam ganmarta, rom piris kanonier mosargebled miCnevisaTvis saWiroaori pirobis arseboba: 1. uflebamosili organos mier gacemuli dokumenti da 2. fizi-kuri piris mxridan saprivatizacio farTis flobisa da sargeblobis faqti. amasTan,aRniSnuli ori piroba kumulaciurad unda arsebobdes. mosarCelis mier ver iqna war-modgenili sargeblobis damadasturebeli dokumenti, xolo warmodgenili anderZis-mieri memkvidreobis uflebis mowmoba, romliTac mosarCelem memkvidreobiT miiRo mam-kvidreblis kuTvnili fuladi Tanxa, ver miiCneoda sadavo farTze kanonieri sargeb-lobis damadasturebel dokumentad.

2005 wlis 8 ivlisamde saxelmwifos mier ijariT gacemul saZovrebze242 araerTi saqmeiqna ganxiluli miwisa da sxva uZravi qonebis SeZenis damadasturebeli oqmis baTiladcnobis moTxovniT, romlebSic sakasacio palatam ganmarta, rom ̀ saxelmwifo sakuTre-baSi arsebuli sasoflo-sameurneo daniSnulebis miwis privatizebis Sesaxeb~ saqarTve-los kanonis me-9 muxlis miznebisTvis kanoni ar aregulirebs, Tu rodis unda daregis-trirdes saijaro xelSekruleba, mTavaria, miwis privatizebisas arsebobda ijariT ga-cemuli miwis nakveTis sajaro reestridan amonaweri da sakadastro gegma.

2018 wels saZovris privatizebis kanonierebasTan dakavSirebul davaSi,243 saapelaciopalatis gadawyvetileba gauqmda da saqme dabrunda xelaxla gansaxilvelad mopasuxismiTiTebis miuxedavad sasarCelo xandazmulobasTan dakavSirebiT msjelobis ararse-bobis gamo, sakasacio sasamarTlom yuradReba gaamaxvila agreTve saapelacio palatisgadawyvetilebis sasamarTlos erTgvarovan praqtikasTan Seusabamobaze, xandazmulo-bis vadis denis dawyebis momentis, xandazmulobis vadis SeCereba/Sewyvetis safuZvle-bis arsebobis, xandazmulobis vadis gasvlisa da am safuZvliT sarCelis dakmayofile-baze uaris Tqmis sakiTxebze. sakasacio palatam xandazmulobasTan dakavSirebuli sa-

240 saqme #bs-848-840(k-16).241 saqme #bs-639-632(2k-16).242 saqme #bs-451-446 (k-16).243 saqme #bs-767-759(k-16).


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kiTxebis garda, ganmartebebi gaakeTa agreTve mmarTvelobis sistemis erTianobis, ad-ministraciul organoTa Soris funqciebis ganawilebis, organos gauqmebis miuxedavadsaxelmwifos mier funqciis SenarCunebis sakiTxebze.

saqmeze, romelSic sarCeli aRZruli iyo saxelmwifo organos mier miwaze uflebis dam-dgeni dokumentis baTilad cnobis moTxovniT,244 pirveli instanciis sasamarTlos mieruaryofili sarCeli saapelacio sasamarTlom daakmayofila, miuxedavad imisa, rom aR-niSnul sakiTxze sakasacio sasamarTlos mier damkvidrebuli praqtika arsebobda.245 sa-kasacio palatam uaryo mosarCelis moTxovna, radgan ar dasturdeboda sarCelis war-dgena sasamarTloSi, kanoniT dadgenili moTxovnis xandazmulobis samwlian vadaSi, ra-zec msjelobas ar Seicavda saapelacio sasamarTlos gadawyvetileba, miuxedavad imi-sa, rom mopasuxis mier samarTalwarmoebis etapze aRniSnulis Taobaze gakeTebuli iyoganacxadi.

saqarTvelos Tavdacvis saministros balansze ricxuli qonebis gankargvasTan mi-marTebiT arsebiTad ganxilul erT-erT saqmeze,246 sakasacio sasamarTlom axali ga-dawyvetilebis miRebiT gaauqma saapelacio sasamarTlos gasaCivrebuli ganCineba dasarCelis dakmayofilebaze uaris TqmiT ar gaiziara qveda instanciis sasamarTloebisargumentebi, vinaidan miiCnia, rom saqarTvelos Tavdacvis ministris brZanebis Tanax-mad, saqarTvelos Tavdacvis saministros balansze myofi yvela bina (sacxovrebeli daarasacxovrebeli farTebi) gamocxadda mxolod samsaxurebrivi sargeblobisaTvis ga-mosayenebel binebad. sadavo brZaneba ki gamoica saqarTvelos prezidentis brZanebu-lebisa da ministris diskreciuli uflebamosilebis farglebSi. sakasacio sasamarTlosmosazrebiT, vinaidan, samsaxurebrivi sargeblobisaTvis gamosayenebeli binis statu-sis moxsna da saxelmwifo sakuTrebaSi arsebuli saqarTvelos Tavdacvis saministrosbalansze ricxuli binebis usasyidlod sakuTrebaSi gadacema urTierTkavSirSi iyo er-TmaneTTan, ganmcxadeblis mier Tavdacvis saministroSi wardgenili unda yofiliyo sa-qarTvelos prezidentis brZanebulebiT damtkicebuli debulebiT gaTvaliswinebulidokumenti, rac mosarCelis mier ver iqna wardgenili srulyofili saxiT. amasTan, sa-kasacio sasamarTlom ar gaiziara saapelacio sasamarTlos miTiTeba maszed, rom Sesa-bamisi sacxovrebeli farTebis nawilis gankargva moxda kerZo mesakuTreebze, ris ga-moc izRudeboda mosarCelis kanonieri uflebebi da interesebi da aRniSna, rom saqmismasalebSi warmodgenili brZanebebis kanonierebaze palata ver imsjelebda, xolo maTiarseboba ar gamoricxavda sadavo aqtis kanonierebas.

zianis anazRaurebis Sesaxeb davebi

administraciuli organos pasuxismgebloba dafuZnebulia saqarTvelos konsti-tuciaze, romlis mixedviT yvelasTvis garantirebulia saxelmwifo, avtonomiurirespublikis an adgilobrivi TviTmmarTvelobis organosagan an mosamsaxurisaganukanonod miyenebuli zianis sasamarTlo wesiT sruli anazRaureba Sesabamisad sa-xelmwifo, avtonomiuri respublikis an adgilobrivi TviTmmarTvelobis saxsre-bidan. saxelmwifos, iseve rogorc kerZo piris, zianis anazRaurebis valdebulebaSesaZloa, warmoiSvas xelSekrulebidan an kanonismieri safuZvlidan im gansxvave-biT, rom administraciuli organos mier zianis anazRaurebis valdebuleba saja-ro-samarTlebrivi uflebamosilebis ganxorcielebas ukavSirdeba.

sakasacio sasamarTlom mniSvnelovani ganmartebebi gaakeTa saqmeSi, sadac mosarCele-ebi miuTiTebdnen maTTvis araqonebrivi zianis miyenebis faqtze da sadavod xdidnen ma-Ti _ 10 piris mimarT saqarTvelos administraciul samarTaldarRvevaTa kodeqsiT dad-

244 saqme #bs-748-744(k-17).245 saqme #bs-364-359(k-16); #bs-851-843(k-16); #bs-767-759(k-16); #bs-281-279(k-17).246 saqme #bs-1139-1133(k-17).


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genili represiuli RonisZiebiT gamowveuli SezRudvis _ administraciuli dakavebisSesabamisobas kanonmdeblobasTan.247 pirveli instanciis sasamarTlom sarCeli uaryo,Tumca saapelacio palatam 2 mosarCelis moTxovna daakmayofila nawilobriv da mopa-suxeebs maT sasargeblod daekisraT araqonebrivi zianis gadaxda. moTxovnis nawilob-riv dakmayofilebis faqtobrivi safuZveli gaxda is garemoeba, rom Tbilisis saqalaqosasamarTlos administraciul saqmeTa kolegiis dadgenilebiT mosarCeleTa mimarT sa-qarTvelos administraciul samarTaldarRvevaTa kodeqsiT aRZruli administraciu-li samarTaldarRvevis saqmis warmoeba Sewyda, ris gamoc saapelacio palatam miiCnia,rom mosarCeleTa mimarT ganxorcielda administraciuli wesiT ukanonod dakaveba. sa-kasacio palata miiCnia, rom saapelacio sasamarTlom sworad daadgina faqtobrivi ga-remoebebi, Tumca sarCelis dakmayofilebis nawilSi gamoiyena kanoni, romelic ar undagamoeyenebina da araswori samarTlebrivi Sefaseba misca saqmeze mis mier dadgenil faq-tobriv garemoebebs. sakasacio palatam miiCnia, rom administraciuli dakavebis Sede-gad miyenebuli araqonebrivi zianis anazRaurebis safuZvlis arsebobisaTvis mniSvne-loba ar aqvs dakavebul pirTa mier samarTaldarRvevis Cadenis faqtis arsebobas. uze-naesma sasamarTlom administraciuli dakavebisas piris saqarTvelos konstituciis me-18 muxliT gaTvaliswinebuli uflebis SezRudvis safuZvelze, zianis anazRaurebismoTxovna daukavSira policielis uflebamosilebis ganmsazRvreli kanonmdeblobiTdadgenili wesiT policielis qmedebis Sefasebas da ganmarta, rom `policiis Sesaxeb~kanonis meore TaviT gaTvaliswinebuli principebis dacviT administraciul samarTal-darRvevaTa kodeqsis 246-e muxliT gansazRvruli uflebamosili piris _ policielismier ̀ policiis Sesaxeb~ kanonis me-16 muxliT gaTvaliswinebuli funqciis SesrulebismizniT, amave kanonis me-13, me-17 da me-18 muxlebiT miniWebuli uflebamosilebis far-glebSi miRebul iqna gadawyvetileba sapolicio RonisZiebis gamoyenebis _ mosarCele-Ta mimarT administraciuli saproceso kodeqsis 244-e muxliT gaTvaliswinebuli ad-ministraciuli dakavebis gamoyenebis Sesaxeb, rac ganxorcielda administraciul sa-marTaldarRvevaTa kodeqsis 245-e muxliT gaTvaliswinebuli dakavebisa da dakavebisoqmis Sedgenis proceduris dacviT. amasTan, mosarCeleTa mier administraciuli da-kavebis legitimuroba ar gamxdara sadavo, ris gamoc ar arsebobda policielis mierganxorcielebuli represiuli RonisZiebis _ mosarCeleTa administraciuli dakave-bis kanonSeusabamod miCnevis safuZveli, ramdenadac mosarCeleebis mier ar iyo war-modgenili mtkicebuleba, romelic daadasturebda, rom gansaxilvel SemTxvevaSi mo-pasuxe administraciuli organos uflebamosili pirebis mxridan mosarCeleTa admi-nistraciuli wesiT dakavebisas daculi ar iyo saqarTvelos administraciul samar-TaldarRvevaTa kodeqsis 245-e muxliT gaTvaliswinebuli procedura da 247-e muxliTdadgenili administraciuli dakavebis vada. amdenad, sakasacio palatam mtkicebis tvir-Tis ganawilebis institutze miTiTebiT daadgina, rom sasarCelo moTxovnaze sapro-ceso kanonmdeblobiT gaTvaliswinebuli mtkicebuleba aris mosarCeleTa mimarT gan-xorcielebuli policiuri RonisZiebis _ administraciuli dakavebis kanoniT dadge-nili wesiT gasaCivrebis Sedegad gamotanili gadawyvetileba, romelzec SesaZlebeliiyo administraciuli dakavebis kanonierebis Semowmeba da im faqtobrivi garemoebebisdadgena, romelic safuZvlad unda daedos deliqturi valdebulebidan gamomdinarezianis anazRaurebis Sesaxeb sarCelis dakmayofilebas. ramdenadac, samoqalaqo kodeq-sis 1005-e muxlis pirveli nawiliT sajaro mosamsaxureTa mier miyenebuli zianisaTvispasuxismgeblobis makvalificirebelia, sajaro mosamsaxuris (policielis) mier sam-saxurebrivi movaleobis darRvevis faqtis dadgena, romlis zianis anazRaurebis Sesa-xeb moTxovniT aRZrul sarCelze dadgenis kanoniT gaTvaliswinebuli SesaZleblobaar gaaCnia sasamarTlos.

gasaCivrebuli gadawyvetilebis dausabuTeblobis, davis gadawyvetisaTvis arsebiTimniSvnelobis mqone faqtobrivi garemoebebis srulad da yovelmxriv gamoukvlevobisada konkretuli odenobiT zianis dadgomis daudastureblobis motiviT iqna gauqmebu-

247 saqme #bs-1143-1137(2k-17).


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li saapelacio sasamarTlos mier erT-erT saqmeze miRebuli gadawyvetileba, romeliczianis anazRaurebis sakiTxTan iyo kavSirSi.248 aRniSnuli saqme sakasacio sasamarTlosxelaxla gansaxilvelad qveda instanciis sasamarTlosaTvis ukve hqonda dabrunebu-li, Tumca sabolood, gasaCivrebuli gadawyvetileba sakasacio palatis SefasebaTaaraswor aRqmasa da interpretacias daefuZna, ramac aRniSnuli gadawyvetilebis gauq-mebisa da saqmeze axali gadawyvetilebis miRebis safuZvlebi warmoSva. sakasacio pala-tam miuTiTa, rom gadawyvetilebaSi saapelacio sasamarTlos saerTod ar hqonda msje-loba mosarCelis mier wardgenil mtkicebulebebze, saapelacio sasamarTlos ar dava-lebia mtkicebulebaTa avtomaturi gaziareba maTi kritikuli Sefasebis gareSe. saqme-Si wardgenili kerZo auditis daskvnis safuZvelze, sakasacio sasamarTlom miuTiTa,rom gaweuli xarjebis jamuri odenoba ar Seadgenda im Tanxas, romelic saapelacio sa-samarTlos gasaCivrebuli gadawyvetilebiT miekuTvna mosarCeles. sawinaaRmdego ga-remoebis damadasturebeli mtkicebuleba arc saqarTvelos mTavar prokuraturas arhqonda wardgenili. amdenad, sakasacio sasamarTlom miiCnia, rom gasaCivrebuli gadaw-yvetileba zianis srulad anazRaurebis nawilSi iuridiulad dausabuTebeli iyo da mi-yenebuli realuri materialuri zianis odenoba dadasturebuli xarjebis odenobiTdakmayofilebas eqvemdebareboda.

erT-erT saqmeze249 sakasacio palatis msjelobis sagans sarCosa da samedicino momvle-lis xarjis ganvlil periodze srulad anazRaurebis dakisrebis nawilSi saqarTvelosSinagan saqmeTa saministros sakasacio saCivris safuZvlianobis dadgena warmoadgen-da. sakasacio sasamarTlom ganmarta, rom miTiTebul SemTxvevaSi udavod dasturde-boda, rom saxelmwifo organoebis pozitiuri valdebulebis Seusruleblobam _ mie-RoT yvela saWiro prevenciuli usafrTxoebis zoma sicocxlisaTvis saSiSi inciden-tis Tavidan asacileblad _ gamoiwvia mosarCelisaTvis SezRuduli SesaZleblobis mqo-ne piris statusis miniWeba, rac qmnida misTvis zianis anazRaurebis zogad safuZvelsyovelTviuri sarCos gadaxdiT. Tumca, sakasacio sasamarTlom saWirod miiCnia, kon-kretul SemTxvevaSi, yuradReba gamaxvilebuliyo xandazmulobis institutze, kerZod,sakasacio sasamarTlos miTiTebiT, samoqalaqo kodeqsis 1008-e muxlis mixedviT, de-liqtiT gamowveuli zianis anazRaurebis moTxovnis uflebis xandazmulobis vada samiwels warmoadgenda im momentidan, rodesac dazaralebulma Seityo zianis an zianis anaz-Raurebaze valdebuli piris Sesaxeb. amasTan, amave kodeqsis 129-e muxlis me-2 nawilisTanaxmad, periodulad Sesasrulebeli TiToeuli valdebulebis darRveva cal-calkewarmoSobda moTxovnis uflebas da calke qmnida xandazmulobis vadas. zemoaRniSnu-lidan gamomdinare, sakasacio sasamarTlom gaiziara qveda instanciebis sasamarTloe-bis msjeloba mosarCelisaTvis sarCosa da samedicino momvlelis anazRaurebis nawil-Si, magram ar gaiziara misi anazRaureba 2004 wlis 24 agvistos periodidan da miiCnia,rom am nawilSi sarCelis mTlianad dakmayofileba ar iyo sakmarisad dasabuTebuli. sa-kasacio sasamarTlom yuradReba gaamaxvila im garemoebaze, rom arc saqalaqo da arcsaapelacio sasamarTlos ar umsjeliaT xandazmulobis sakiTxze, ris gamoc saapela-cio sasamarTlos saqmis xelaxla ganxilvisas unda emsjela 2004 wlis 24 agvistodan2016 wlis 31 maisamde (sarCelis aRZvramde) sarCosa da samedicino momvlelis xarjebisanazRaurebis moTxovnis xandazmulobaze, vinaidan, rogorc saqmis masalebiT dastur-deboda, ar ikveTeboda xandazmulobis vadis ganmavlobaSi moTxovnis dasakmayofileb-lad sasamarTlosadmi mimarTvis, xandazmulobis vadis dinebis SeCerebis, Sewyvetis, ma-terialur da moralur zianTan erTad sarCosa da samedicino momvlelis xarjebis xan-dazmulobis vadis aTvlis gamomricxavi garemoeba.

sakasacio sasamarTlom ganixila saqme250 diskriminaciuli qmedebis aRmofxvrisa da mo-raluri zianis anazRaurebis Taobaze, romelic gamowveuli iyo muslimi moswavleebi-



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saTvis gankuTvnili pansionis gaxsnisa da funqcionirebis xelSeSliT, sadac moTxovnamoraluri zianis nawilSi efuZneboda diskriminaciis motiviT Sinagan saqmeTa sami-nistros mier pozitiuri valdebulebis Seusruleblobas. sakasacio sasamarTlom, mar-Talia, ZalaSi datova saapelacio sasamarTlos gadawyvetileba moraluri zianis na-wilSi, Tumca mniSvnelovnad miiCnia, rom aRniSnul nawilSi sasarCelo moTxovnis sa-fuZvlianobaze msjelobisas kumulaciurad Sefasebuliyo, rogorc Sinagan saqmeTa sa-ministros mxridan pozitiuri valdebulebis ganuxorcielebloba, aseve aRniSnuli val-debulebis Seusrulebloba diskriminaciis motiviT. sakasacio sasamarTlom aRniSna,rom diskriminaciis faqtis daudastureblobis pirobebSi, mxolod pozitiuri valde-bulebis Seusrulebloba ar qmnida moraluri zianis dakisrebis nawilSi wardgenilimoTxovnis dakmayofilebis SesaZleblobas. sakasacio sasamarTlom saqmeze dadgenilifaqtobrivi garemoebebis urTierTSejerebis Sedegad, kerZod, imis gaTvaliswinebiT,rom pansionTan policiis mxridan xdeboda morigeoba 24-saaTian reJimSi, amasTan, ro-gorc adgilobrivi xelisufleba, aseve centraluri xelisufleba CarTuli iyo dapi-rispirebul mxareTa morigebis procesSi, aseve im garemoebaze miTiTebiT, rom imave qa-laqSi Seuferxeblad funqcionirebda msgavsi tipis pansioni, gamoricxa Sinagan saqme-Ta saministros mxridan mosarCeleTa mimarT diskriminaciuli mopyroba. aRniSnulissapirispirod ki kasatorebi ver adasturebdnen, rom religiurma siZulvilma ganapi-roba policiis mxridan maT mimarT arasaTanado mopyroba. kasatorTa mier dasaxele-buli garemoebebi miuTiTebda policiis qmedebaTa arasaTanadoobaze da ar adastureb-da policiis diskriminaciul midgomas kasatorTa mimarT. sakasacio sasamarTlom aR-niSna, rom policiis mier masze dakisrebuli pozitiuri valdebulebebis saTanadod Se-usruleblobis pirobebSic, mocemul SemTxvevaSi ar dasturdeboda am valdebulebisSeusrulebloba diskriminaciis motiviT, rac gamoricxavda moraluri zianis nawilSisarCelis dakmayofilebis SesaZleblobas. amasTan, sakasacio sasamarTlom mkveTrad ga-mijna mocemuli saqme im saqmeebidan, sadac policiis organoebs aranairi zoma ar miu-RiaT momCivanTa interesebis dasacavad. sakasacio sasamarTlom sadavo sakiTxis Sefa-sebisas aseve ixelmZRvanela evrosasamarTlos mier araerT saqmeze gakeTebuli ganmar-tebebiT. amasTan, sakasacio sasamarTlom miiCnia, rom saapelacio sasamarTlom msje-lobis gareSe datova Sinagan saqmeTa saministros mier pansioniT Seuferxeblad sar-geblobis uzrunvelyofis nawilSi sasarCelo moTxovna, ris gamoc aRniSnul nawilSisaqme xelaxla gansaxilvelad daubrunda imave sasamarTlos. sakasacio sasamarTlosmiTiTebiT, wardgenili sarCelis umTavres mizans swored pansioniT Seuferxeblad sar-geblobis uzrunvelyofa warmoadgenda.

zianis anazRaurebasTan dakavSirebiT 2017 wels ganxiluli davebidan aRsaniSnavia saq-me,251 romelSic mosarCele iTxovda samsaxurebrivi movaleobis Sesrulebisas misi me-uRlis gardacvalebis gamo mopasuxe administraciuli organosaTvis zianis anazRau-rebis dakisrebas. saapelacio sasamarTlom sarCeli ar daakmayofila, rac gauqmda uze-naesi sasamarTlos mier da saqme daubrunda saapelacio palatas xelaxla gansaxilve-lad. uzenaesma sasamarTlom miiCnia, rom sasarCelo moTxovnis safuZvlianobis dadge-na saWiroebda uflebamosilebis ganxorcielebis dros janmrTelobis moSlasa da gar-dacvalebas Soris mizezobrivi kavSiris arsebobis garkvevas, rac saapelacio palatismier saTanadod ar iqna gamokvleuli. mtkicebulebaTa SefasebiT dasturdeboda paTo-logiuri procesis samsaxurebrivi movaleobis Sesrulebisas dawyeba, rasac mohyva pi-ris saavadmyofoSi gadayvana, anevrizmis gaskdoma, operacia, Sromisuunarobis dadgo-ma, komatozuri mdgomareoba, gardacvaleba. saapelacio palatas ar umsjelia erTianimizezobrivi kavSiris arsebobaze, erTiani mizezobrivi kavSiris jaWvis uarsayofad damovlenebis erTmaneTTan damoukideblad ganviTarebis dasadastureblad unda garkve-uliyo maTi gamomwvevi faqtorebi, rac ar dadgenila. saapelacio palatis mier ar Se-fasda saqmeSi daculi eqspertizis daskvna, eqimTa axsna-ganmartebebi, samedicino do-kumentacia, gardacvalebis mowmoba, ar dasabuTebula samsaxurebrivi movaleobis Ses-

251 saqme #bs-830-822(k-16).


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rulebisas janmrTelobis moSlasa da gardacvalebas Soris mizezobrivi kavSiris wyve-ta, Sromisuunarobis dadgomidan gardacvalebamde 11 Tvis ganmavlobaSi komatozurmdgomareobaSi yofna, imTaviTve ar adasturebda mizezobriobis wyvetas. sakasacio pa-latam aseve aRniSna, rom piris gardacvalebis gamo kompensaciis moTxovnis uflebahqonda ara mxolod mis meuRles, aramed _ ojaxis wevrebsac, romlebic savaldebulomowvevis mesame pirebad unda yofiliyvnen saqmeSi Cabmuli.

samsaxurebrivi movaleobis Sesrulebisas miRebuli travmebis safuZvelze moralurizianis anazRaurebis Sesaxeb aRZrul sarCelze saapelacio sasamarTlom ar gaiTvalis-wina sakasacio palatis miTiTebebi moTxovnis xandazmulobis Sesaxeb,252 razec sakasa-cio palatam kvlav miuTiTa saqmeze mis mier manamde gamotanil ganCinebaSi moyvanilmsjelobaze da ganmarta, rom ganCinebaSi miTiTebuli dasabuTebiT saqmis xelaxali gan-xilvisas sasamarTlos srulyofilad unda gamoekvlia saqmis faqtobrivi garemoebebida swori samarTlebrivi Sefaseba mieca Sekrebili mtkicebulebebisTvis. sakasacio pa-latam miiCnia, rom mocemul SemTxvevaSi saapelacio sasamarTlom araswori samarTleb-rivi Sefaseba misca mis mier saqmeze dadgenil faqtobriv garemoebebs, rac samoqalaqosaproceso kodeqsis 394-e muxlis ̀ e~ da ̀ e1~ qvepunqtebis safuZvelze gadawyvetilebisgauqmebis absolutur safuZvels warmoadgenda. saapelacio sasamarTlom moralurizianis miyenebis faqti arasworad daukavSira mosarCelis janmrTelobis gauaresebisgamo Catarebul operacias, romlis Sedegad, mosarCeles marjvena barZayis areSi da-udginda mkveTri destruqciuli procesi da Sesabamisad, zianis warmoSobis faqti saa-pelacio palatis mosazrebiT swored im moments ukavSirdeba, rodesac mosarCelem sa-bolood dakarga reabilitaciis imedi da rwmena imisi, rom mkurnalobis raRac etapzearasrulad, magram SesaZlebeli iyo realuri Sedegis miReba. sakasacio palatam miu-TiTa, rom saapelacio sasamarTlos daskvna emyareboda mosarCelis subieqtur damoki-debulebas misi fizikuri da samarTlebrivi mdgomareobis mimarT, rac sasamarTlosaT-vis ar qmnida obieqturi garemoebebis ugulebelyofis safuZvels. sakasacio sasamar-Tlom yuradReba gaamaxvila im garemoebaze, rom subieqtur faqtors yuradReba eqcevaim SemTxvevaSi, ukeTu xandazmulobis warmoSobis momentis dadgena obieqturad SeuZ-lebelia. mocemul SemTxvevaSi zians warmoadgenda avtoavariis Sedegad xiluli jan-mrTelobis dazianeba: dasaxiCreba, organizmis mniSvnelovani funqciebis darRveva,Sromis unaris dakargva, rac imTaviTve iyo cnobili mosarCelisaTvis. amasTan, mosar-Celes 100%-iT Sromis unaris dakargvis gamo pirveli jgufis invalidoba uvadod da-udginda travmis miRebidan mokle periodSi. Sesabamisad, obieqturi SefasebiT mosar-Celis moraluri gancdebi ukavSirdeba swored im dros, rodesac saavario SemTxvevisSedegad miiRo janmrTelobis imgvari dazianebebi, romlebic ar iZleoda cxovrebis Cve-ulebrivi wesiT gagrZelebis SesaZleblobas. amasTan, xandazmulobis vadis aRdgenissafuZvels ar qmnida zianis faqtis dadgomidan xangrZlivi drois gasvlis Semdeg mkur-nalobisa da qirurgiuli manipulaciebis Sedegad janmrTelobis mdgomareobis gaua-reseba, ramdenadac aRniSnuli pirdapir kavSirSia miRebul travmasTan da mosarCelisim droindeli diagnozi iZleoda samomavlod dRes arsebuli garTulebebis ganviTa-rebis prognozirebis saSualebas da warmoadgenda samoqalaqo kodeqsis 1008-e muxliTgaTvaliswinebuli deliqtiT gamowveuli zianis anazRaurebis moTxovnis uflebis xan-dazmulobis samwliani vadis dasaxiCrebis miRebis droidan aTvlis safuZvels.253

samsaxurebrivi movaleobis Sesrulebisas dasaxiCrebis Sedegad miyenebuli materialu-ri zianis anazRaurebis Sesaxeb davaze254 saapelacio sasamarTlom araswori samarTleb-rivi Sefaseba misca saqmeze dadgenil faqtobriv garemoebebs, ar gamoiyena kanoni, ro-melic unda gamoeyenebina; gamoiyena kanoni, romelic ar unda gamoeyenebina da araswo-rad ganmarta kanoni. sakasacio palatis ganmartebiT zianis anazRaurebis moTxovnis

252 saqme #bs-710-702(2k-15).253 saqme #bs-976-972(2k-17).254 saqme #bs-352-352(k-18).


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xandazmulobis vadis aTvlis momenti unda ganisazRvros saqmis konkretuli garemoe-bebis Sefasebis Sedegad. gansaxilvel saqmeSi zianis dadgomis Sesaxeb mosarCelisaT-vis cnobili iyo avtoavariis Sedegad dasaxiCrebis miRebis, organizmis mniSvnelovanifunqciebis darRvevisTanave. amasTan, avariidan mokle droSi daavadebis mowmobiT dad-ginda momxdari avtoavariiT gamowveuli mosarCelis diagnozi. Sesabamisad, sakasaciopalatam xandazmulobis vadis aTvlis momentad gansazRvra daavadebis mowmobis gace-mis TariRi. saqmis masalebis mixedviT, mosarCelem Tanxis anazRaurebis mizniT samsa-xurebrivi Semowmebis Catarebis moTxovniT uflebamosil organos mimarTa samsaxureb-rivi movaleobis Sesrulebisas momxdari avtoavariiT gamowveuli diagnozis dadastu-rebidan 12 wlis Semdeg. amdenad, ar dasturdeboda mosarCelis mier araTu samoqalaqokodeqsis 1008-e muxliT gaTvaliswinebuli samwliani, aramed agreTve samoqalaqo ko-deqsis 128-e muxlis me-3 nawiliT gaTvaliswinebuli xandazmulobis saerTo aTwlianivadis dacva.

ssip saxelmwifo servisebis ganviTarebis saagentosaTvis mosarCelis sasargeblod 1wlis ganmavlobaSi miuRebeli pensiis saxiT miyenebuli zianis anazRaurebis dakisre-bis Sesaxeb davaze255 pirveli instanciis sasamarTlos gadawyvetilebis SecvliT saape-lacio sasamarTlom daakmayofila moTxovna. rac sakasacio instanciis mier ar iqna ga-ziarebuli da uari eTqva mosarCeles moTxovnis dakmayofilebaze im safuZvliT, rommiuRebeli pensiis anazRaurebis interesis dakmayofilebas kanonmdebloba ukavSirebsmasze, rogorc zianze pasuxismgeblobis arsebobis safuZvlebs. ssip socialuri momsa-xurebis saagentos qmedebaze, romelic SesaZloa, gamxdariyo zianis miyenebis safuZve-li, mosarCeles ar miuTiTebia. marTlsawinaaRmdego qmedebis Sedegad damdgari zianisanazRaurebis valdebuleba ekisreba mxolod im pirs, visi qmedebis gamoc dadga kanon-sawinaaRmdego Sedegi. Tu ziani piris uSualod moqmedebiT an umoqmedobiT ar iqnebagamowveuli, am ukanasknelis pasuxismgebloba gamoricxulia. mosarCele zianis anaz-Raurebis safuZvlad saxelmwifo organos mier dabadebis mowmobis monacemis _ daba-debis TariRis arasworad miTiTebas miiCnevda. imis gaTvaliswinebiT, rom piris daba-debis TariRis Taobaze informacia warmoadgens misi mSoblebisaTvis (meurveebisaT-vis) kargad cnobil informacias, Sesabamisi monacemebis dabadebis mowmobaSi asaxvisasmis sisworeze upiratesi pasuxismgebloba swored mSoblebs (meurveebs) ekisrebaT. aR-niSnulidan gamomdinare, dabadebis mowmobaSi dabadebis TariRis maregistrirebeli or-ganos braliT SecdomiT dafiqsirebis SemTxvevaSi misi gasworebis interesi da SesaZ-lebloba mosarCelis mSoblebs gaaCndaT, aseTi gasworebis ganuxorcielebloba ki mo-nacemis arasworad dafiqsirebaSi swored maT bralze metyvelebs, rac gamoricxavs ma-registrirebeli organos pasuxismgeblobas zianis arsebobis SemTxvevaSi.

zianis anazRaurebis sakiTxebs exeboda agreTve 2018 wels ganxiluli saqme,256 romel-Sic mosarCele mopasuxe administraciuli organoebisagan iTxovda uZravi nivTis sa-bazro Rirebulebis odenobiT zianis anazRaurebas im safuZvliT, rom organoTa mar-TlsawinaaRmdego qmedebebis Sedegad sasamarTlom kanonier ZalaSi myofi gadawyveti-lebebiT baTilad cno uZravi qonebis SeZenis auqcioni da mosarCelem dakarga sakuT-rebis ufleba. sakasacio palatam yuradReba gaamaxvila im garemoebaze, rom sasamar-Tloebis kanonier ZalaSi Sesuli gadawyvetilebebiT sajaro uflebamosilebis ganxor-cielebis procesSi _ nivTis saxelmwifo sakuTrebaSi aRricxvisas da auqcionze gas-xvisebisas, dadginda administraciuli organoebis mier kanonis moTxovnaTa darRveva,nakveTis uflebrivi mdgomareobis arasakmarisi gamokvleva-Sefaseba, xolo mosarCe-le ar iqna miCneuli keTilsindisier SemZenad. aRniSnulis miuxedavad saapelacio sasa-marTlom mosarCeles auqcionze gadaxdili Rirebulebis nacvlad aunazRaura uZravinivTis sabazro Rirebuleba. sakasacio palatam miiCnia, rom mosarCelis sakuTrebis uf-leba arasdros warmoSobila, ganxorcielebuli qmedebebi arasdros yofila kanonie-



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ri, radgan aqtis aramarTlzomierad cnoba adasturebs aqtis gamocemis momentidanvemis safuZvelze ganxorcielebuli qmedebebis da warmoSobili Sedegebis aramarTlzo-mierebas. amdenad, dadasturda Sesrulebis saTanado safuZvlis gareSe ganxorciele-ba, rac qmnida swored auqcionze nivTis SesaZenad gadaxdili Tanxis mosarCelisaTvisdabrunebis safuZvels. mosarCelis sakuTreba arasdros yofila marTlzomieri, Sesa-bamisad, moTxovna nivTis CamorTmevisaTvis misi sruli Rirebulebis odenobiT kompen-saciis gacemis Sesaxeb sakasacio sasamarTlos mier dausabuTeblad iqna miCneuli. sa-kasacio palatam safuZvlianad miiCnia mosarCelis moTxovna mxolod auqcionze gadax-dili Tanxis ukan dabrunebis nawilSi, xolo danarCen nawilSi saapelacio palatis ga-dawyvetileba gauqmda da dabrunda xelaxla gansaxilvelad im safuZvliT, rom dadge-nas saWiroebda auqcionze gadaxdili Tanxis odenobaze meti Tanxis _ zianis anazRau-rebis winapirobebis arseboba, upirvelesad ki, TviTon zianis faqti da misi odenoba,razec davis gadawyvetisas saapelacio palatas ar umsjelia, am mxriv ar SefasebulasaqmeSi daculi mtkicebulebebi (mag.: nakveTis wiTeli xazebis dakvalvaze, registra-ciaze gaweuli xarji), zianis odenobis damadasturebeli mtkicebulebebis arasakma-risobis SemTxvevaSi saapelacio palata uflebamosili iyo damatebiT gamoeTxova isi-ni da srulad daedgina davis gadawyvetisaTvis saWiro faqtobrivi garemoebebi.

xazgasasmelia Tanxis dakisrebasTan dakavSirebuli erT-erTi saqme,257 sadac sakasa-cio sasamarTlom mniSvnelovani ganmartebebi gaakeTa kanonisaTvis ukuZalis miniWeba-sa da xandazmulobis momentis aTvlasTan mimarTebiT. kerZod, sakasacio sasamarTlomganmarta, rom saerTo wesis Tanaxmad, kanonis moqmedebis Zala Semofarglulia kanonisgamoqveynebisa da gauqmebis periodiT. aRniSnulidan gamomdinare, igi ar gamoiyeneba:1) im faqtebis mimarT, romelic ganxorcielda mis gamocemamde da 2) im faqtebis mimarT,romelic dadga misi moqmedebis Sewyvetis Semdeg; orive SemTxveva warmoadgens umaR-lesi iuridiuli principis or mxares: gansaxilvel faqtebTan dakavSirebiT sasamar-Tlo gamoiyenebs im kanons, romlis moqmedebis pirobebSi am faqtebs hqonda adgili. sa-kasacio sasamarTlom saapelacio sasamarTlos yuradReba gaamaxvila im garemoebaze,rom ssip samedicino saqmianobis saxelmwifo regulirebis saagentos mier mopasuxis in-speqtireba moicavda 2009 wlis 1 ivlisidan 2012 wlis 1 martamde periods, ra drosacdadginda, rom mopasuxe valdebuli iyo saxelmwifo biujetis sasargeblod gadaexada23 180,40 lari. amdenad, gamovlenili darRvevebis Cadenas adgili hqonda im periodSi,roca jer kidev amoqmedebuli ar iyo ̀ 2012 wlis janmrTelobis dacvis saxelmwifo prog-ramebis damtkicebis Sesaxeb~ saqarTvelos mTavrobis 2012 wlis 15 martis #92 dadge-nileba. amdenad, sakasacio sasamarTlom aRniSnulTan dakavSirebiT gaiziara kasato-ris mosazreba da ganmarta, rom kanonis ukuZalis miniWeba ewinaaRmdegeboda konsti-tuciur princips, romliTac dauSvebeli iyo aqts ukuqceviTi Zala miniWeboda, Tukiigi auaresebda piris mdgomareobas. sakasacio palatam miuTiTa, rom saapelacio sasa-marTlom xandazmulobis vada gamoTvala ̀ 2012 wlis janmrTelobis dacvis saxelmwifoprogramebis damtkicebis Sesaxeb~ saqarTvelos mTavrobis #92 dadgenilebis Sesabami-sad, romlis mixedviTac, mimwodebeli valdebuli iyo uzrunveleyo zedamxedvelobisSedegad dakisrebuli sajarimo sanqciebis Sesruleba aRiarebidan araugvianes 60 ka-lendaruli dRisa. amasTan, saapelacio sasamarTlom xandazmulobis vadis aTvlisasar gaiziara ssip socialuri momsaxurebis saagentos 2013 wlis 8 ianvris #04/462 weri-li, romelic gaegzavna kasators, vinaidan saqmis masalebiT ar dasturdeboda am weri-lis adresatisaTvis Cabarebis faqti. amdenad, sakasacio sasamarTlom ganmarta, romsaapelacio sasamarTlos saqmis xelaxla ganxilvisas unda emsjela im sakiTxze, Tu ro-didan unda dawyebuliyo sasarCelo moTxovnis xandazmulobis vadis aTvla, vinaidansaqmeSi warmodgenili masalebiT srulyofilad ar dasturdeboda uflebis Sesaxeb Set-yobis faqti. Sesabamisad, sasamarTlos saqmis ganxilvisas unda gamoekvlia mtkicebu-lebebi, sarwmunod daedgina saqmis faqtobrivi garemoebebi, mieca maTTvis samarTleb-rivi Sefaseba da gamoetana daskvna saqmisaTvis mniSvnelobis mqone garemoebebis arse-

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bobis an ararsebobis Sesaxeb, saqmeze kanonieri da dasabuTebuli gadawyvetilebis mi-Rebis mizniT.

saqmisaTvis mniSvnelovan garemoebaTa srulyofilad daudgenlobis motiviT msgavsiSedegi iqna dayenebuli saqarTvelos uzenaesi sasamarTlos mier Tanxis dakisrebasTandakavSirebul, arsebiTad ganxilul kidev erT saqmeze,258 romelzedac sakasacio pala-tis mier gasaCivrebuli ganCinebis gauqmebisa da saqmis imave sasamarTlosaTvis xelax-la gansaxilvelad dabrunebis safuZvlad miTiTebul iqna, rom davis kanonierad da obi-eqturad gadawyvetis miznidan gamomdinare, mniSvnelovani iyo, saTanado Sefaseba mis-cemoda im garemoebas, miuZRvoda Tu ara brali mosarCeles Setyobinebis vadis gadaci-lebaSi, sarwmunod gamorkveuliyo, ram ganapiroba klinikis mier Setyobinebis dagvia-nebiT ganxorcieleba da iyo Tu ara saxeze mosarCelis bralis gamomricxavi garemoebe-bi. amasTan, saapelacio sasamarTlos unda gamoerkvia, mocemuli administraciuli saqmexom ar iyo SesaCerebeli samoqalaqo da administraciuli davebis gadawyvetamde.

Tanxis dakisrebasTan dakavSirebul saqmeze,259 romelzec yuradReba saxelSekrulebourTierTobidan gamomdinare moTxovnis xandazmulobis sakiTxze gamaxvilda, saqarTve-los uzenaesi sasamarTlos mier axali gadawyvetilebis miRebiT ar iqna gaziarebulisaapelacio sasamarTlos ganCinebiT damdgari Sedegi, kerZod, sakasacio palatam miiC-nia, rom arsebobda sarCelis ara nawilobriv, aramed srulad dakmayofilebis samar-Tlebrivi safuZveli. uzenaesma sasamarTlom ganmarta, rom saqarTvelos samoqalaqokodeqsiT reglamentirebuli valdebuli piris mier uflebamosili piris winaSe moT-xovnis arsebobis aRiareba xandazmulobis vadis denis Sewyvetis safuZveli iyo. amde-nad, movaleobis Sesrulebas uTanabrdeba movalis dapireba _ valdebuli piris mieruflebamosili piris winaSe valis arsebobis aRiareba xandazmulobis vadis gasvlis Sem-deg, anu Tu valdebulma pirma konkretuli moTxovnis xandazmulobis vadis gasvlisSemdeg aRiara xsenebuli moTxovnis arseboba da dapirda gadaxdas, xandazmulobis va-dis gasvlis faqts samarTlebrivad aRar aqvs araviTari mniSvneloba mxaris Sesabamisimaterialuri uflebis sasamarTlo wesiT realizaciisaTvis. sakasacio sasamarTlosmiTiTebiT, mocemul saqmeze warmodgenili masalebis Sesabamisad dasturdeboda, rommopasuxem mimarTa ssip saxelmwifo qonebis erovnul saagentos, romliTac, imis gaTva-liswinebiT, rom ver SeZlo xelSekrulebiT gaTvaliswinebuli pirobebis Sesruleba,iTxova saijaro qiris davalianebis _ 8659,43 laris 2 welze gadanawileba. ssip saxel-mwifo qonebis erovnulma saagentom weriliT mopasuxes acnoba, rom dakmayofilda mi-si moTxovna da mas daevala saijaro qiris davalianebis dafarva 2014 wlis 1 dekembri-dan etapobrivad 2 wlis ganmavlobaSi _ yoveli Tvis 15 ricxvamde 360.81 laris odeno-biT. aRniSnulidan gamomdinare, sakasacio sasamarTlom miiCnia, rom mopasuxis mxridanadgili hqonda valis aRiarebas da dapirebas, rom igi davalianebas gadaixdida 2 wlisganmavlobaSi, rac saqarTvelos samoqalaqo kodeqsis 137-e muxlis Sesabamisad, xandaz-mulobis vadis denis Sewyvetis safuZvels warmoadgenda. amdenad, sakasacio sasamar-Tlom gaiziara kasatoris (mosarCelis) ganmartebebi valis aRiarebisa da xandazmulo-bis vadis denis Sewyvetis Sesaxeb da miiCnia, rom aramarTebuli iyo saapelacio sasa-marTlos dasabuTeba sarCelis nawilobriv xandazmulad miCnevisa da sasarCelo moT-xovnis nawilobriv dakmayofilebis Taobaze.

saqarTvelos uzenaesma sasamarTlom Tanxis dakisrebasTan dakavSirebul kidev erT da-vaze260 gaauqma saapelacio sasamarTlos gasaCivrebuli ganCineba da saqme xelaxla gan-saxilvelad daubruna imave sasamarTlos. sakasacio sasamarTlom miuTiTa, rom same-dicino saqmianobis saxelmwifo regulirebis saagentos Semowmebis aqtis mixedviT, 3eqimis mier ganxorcielebuli iyo ukanono saeqimo saqmianoba. maT mier saxelmwifo ser-



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tifikatis miRebamde, saxelmwifo programis farglebSi, 5 pacientisTvis gaweul iqnadamoukidebeli samedicino momsaxureba. sakasacio sasamarTlom miuTiTa saqarTvelosadministraciul samarTaldarRvevaTa kodeqsis danawesebze, romlis Tanaxmad, saeqi-mo saqmianoba saxelmwifo serTifikatis gareSe gamoiwvevs dajarimebas 1 000 laris ode-nobiT. amasTan, sadavo periodSi moqmedi kanonmdeblobis mixedviT, anazRaurebuli Tan-xis srulad ukan dabrunebis safuZveli warmoiSoboda im SemTxvevaSi, Tu mkurnalobisprocesSi CarTuli yvela eqimi ar flobda Sesabamis saxelmwifo sertifikats damouki-debeli saeqimo saqmianobis ganxorcielebisaTvis. sakasacio sasamarTlom aRniSna, rommarTalia, saxelmwifo sertifikatis miRebamde, saxelmwifo programis farglebSi pa-cientebisTvis gaweuli damoukidebeli samedicino momsaxureba zemoaRniSnuli nor-mebis safuZvelze anazRaurebuli Tanxis srulad ukan dabrunebis safuZvels warmoad-genda, Tumca sakasacio sasamarTlom gaiziara kasatoris argumentacia da aRniSna, romsaqmeSi wardgenili Semowmebis aqtiT ar dgindeboda saqarTvelos administraciul sa-marTaldarRvevaTa kodeqsis safuZvelze mopasuxe samedicino dawesebulebis eqimTamimarT gamoyenebul iqna Tu ara sanqcia saxelmwifo sertifikatis gareSe damoukide-beli saeqimo saqmianobis ganxorcielebisTvis, rac Tavis mxriv, eWqveS ayenebda anazRa-urebuli Tanxis srulad ukan dabrunebis moTxovnis safuZvlianobas. sakasacio sasa-marTlom xazi gausva im garemoebas, rom qveda instanciis sasamarTloebma mxolod Se-mowmebis aqtze dayrdnobiT miiCnies, rom mopasuxe samedicino dawesebulebis 3 eqimismier ganxorcielebuli qmedeba iyo ukanono saeqimo saqmianoba. sakasacio sasamarTlomaseve yuradReba gaamaxvila sadavo periodze, romelic ganisazRvreboda inspeqtire-bis periodiT da moicavda 2011 wlis 26 dekembridan 2013 wlis 1 aprilamde TariRs. aR-niSnulTan mimarTebiT, sakasacio sasamarTlom gaiziara kasatoris _ mopasuxe samedi-cino dawesebulebis argumentacia da aRniSna, rom sadavo periodSi kanonmdeblobiT`saojaxo medicinis~ subspecialobad ar iyo gamoyofili `paliatiuri mzrunveloba~.amasTan, subspecialobis mowmoba savaldebulo iyo mxolod stacionaruli paliatiu-ri servisis mimwodebeli subieqtebisaTvis, ambulatoriuli paliatiuri mzrunvelobaki Sedioda specialoba _ `saojaxo medicinis~ kompetenciaSi. amdenad, sakasacio sasa-marTlom gaiziara kasatoris mosazreba maszed, rom eqimebs hqondaT ufleba, raime da-matebiTi mowmobis gareSe ambulatoriulad ganexorcielebinaT paliatiuri mzrunve-loba. miT ufro, saxelmwifo programiT gaTvaliswinebuli momsaxureba moicavda in-kurabelur pacientTa ambulatoriul paliatiur mzrunvelobas. sakasacio sasamar-Tlom aseve gaiziara kasatoris ganmarteba, rom kanonmdebloba iTvaliswinebda ara sa-medicino momsaxurebis gawevis xangrZlivobas, aramed saxelmwifo programaSi pacien-tebis CarTvis kriteriumebs. Sesabamisad, is garemoeba, rom pacientebi CarTulni iy-vnen programaSi xangrZlivi (6 Tveze meti) drois ganmavlobaSi, ar qmnida mopasuxis mi-marT sanqciis gamoyenebis safuZvels.

sajaro informaciasTan dakavSirebuli davebi

sakasacio sasamarTlos mier arsebiTad ganxilul saqmeTa Soris aseve aRsaniSnaviasajaro informaciasTan dakavSirebuli davebi, sadac araerTi mniSvnelovani gan-marteba gakeTda. sajaro dawesebulebaSi daculi oficialuri dokumentebi, asevedawesebulebis an mosamsaxuris mier samsaxurebriv saqmianobasTan dakavSirebiTmiRebuli, damuSavebuli, Seqmnili an gagzavnili informacia yvelasTvis Riaa, Tu-ki is ar Seicavs saxelmwifo, komerciul saidumloebas an personalur monacemebs.amasTan, gansxvavebulia konkretuli informaciis gasaidumloebis, Riaobis, gace-mis reJimi, rac araerT davas warmoSobs.

magaliTad, sakasacio sasamarTlos erT-erTi mniSvnelovani gadawyvetileba Seexeba sa-jaro informaciis sakiTxs, sadac davis sagans warmoadgenda 2015 wels saqarTvelosiusticiis saministros xelmZRvanelis an Sesabamisi uflebamosili piris samsaxureb-rivi eleqtronuli fostidan gadaudebeli aucileblobiT ganxorcielebul saxelmwi-fo SesyidvebTan dakavSirebiT gagzavnili da miRebuli werilebis aslebis gacemis da-


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valeba.261 davas gansakuTrebul mniSvnelobas sZenda moTxovnili sajaro informaciisforma. sakasacio sasamarTlom dausabuTeblad miiCnia saapelacio sasamarTlos msje-lobis is nawili, sadac igi ganmartavda, rom eleqtronuli fosta, Tavisi arsiT, ara-formaluri komunikaciis saSualebaa da warmoadgens droebiT Canawers, romelic ga-moiyeneba Sualeduri informaciis urTierTgacvlis mizniT da masSi gadawyvetilebebiar aris daculi; eleqtronuli fostis meSveobiT gagzavnili da miRebuli informaciaar adasturebs iuridiuli mniSvnelobis mqone faqts, ar warmoadgens raime oficialu-ri xasiaTis Semcvel informacias/dokuments. sakasacio sasamarTlom aRniSnuli msje-lobis sapirispirod ganmarta, rom eleqtronuli fostiT gagzavnili da miRebuli in-formaciis amgvari interpretacia ewinaaRmdegeba zogadi administraciuli kodeqsisme-2 muxlis pirveli nawilis ̀ m~ qvepunqtiT ganmartebuli sajaro informaciis im mniS-vnelobas, rac mas kanonmdebelma mianiWa. mocemuli norma ̀ oficialur dokuments~ gan-martavs, rogorc samsaxurebriv saqmianobasTan dakavSirebiT miRebul, damuSavebul,Seqmnil an gagzavnil onformacias. amasTan, miTiTeba imaze, rom sajaro informaciasanu oficialur dokuments warmoadgens proaqtiulad gamoqveynebuli monacemebi, eleq-tronuli informacia, video da audioCanawerebi, adasturebs im faqts, rom savalde-bulo ar aris aseTi dokumenti warmoSobdes raime samarTlebriv Sedegs an gaaCndes ma-terialuri dokumentis rekvizitebi. samsaxurebrivi eleqtronuli fosta gulisxmobsam eleqtronuli resursis konkretuli, specifikuri mizniT gamoyenebis aucileblo-bas da igi mimarTulia samsaxurebrivi valdebulebebis Sesasruleblad. samsaxurebri-vi eleqtronuli fostiT gagzavnili Setyobinebebi, TavisTavad, aris eleqtronuliformiT arsebuli sajaro informacia da igi akmayofilebs sajaro informaciisTviskanoniT dadgenil moTxovnebs. amasTan, sakasacio palatam yuradReba gaamaxvila mo-sarCelis mier moTxovnili informaciis Sinaarssa da sajaroobis mniSvnelobaze da gan-marta, rom ̀ saxelmwifo Sesyidvebis Sesaxeb~ kanoni vrceldeba yvela saxis saxelmwifoSesyidvaze da am kanonis erT-erTi mizani da fuZemdebluri principia saxelmwifo Ses-yidvebis sajaroobis uzrunvelyofa (me-2 muxlis ̀ d~ qvepunqti). amdenad, sakasacio sa-samarTlom miiCnia, rom samsaxurebrivi eleqtronuli fostiT samsaxurebriv saqmia-nobasTan dakavSirebiT gagzavnili da miRebuli informacia, miT ufro Tu igi exeba ga-daudebeli aucileblobiT gamowveul saxelmwifo Sesyidvebs, warmoadgens sajaro in-formacias, romelic xelmisawvdomi unda iyos nebismieri pirisTvis. amasTan, sakasaciosasamarTlom miuTiTa, rom aRniSnuli ganmarteba ar gulisxmobs uwyebis Sida rgolisTanamSromlebis mier gadawyvetilebis Sesaqmnelad warmoebul Sida mosamzadebel mi-moweras. sakasacio sasamarTlom aseve miuTiTa, rom samsaxurebrivi eleqtronuli fos-tiT warmoebuli komunikacia, romelic exeba gamartivebul Sesyidvebs, ar SeiZleba ga-igivebul iqnes piradi xasiaTis informaciasTan da igi ar xvdeba konstituciis me-20muxliT garantirebul piradi cxovrebis dacul sferoSi.

erT-erT saqmeze sakasacio sasamarTlom gaauqma saapelacio sasamarTlos gadawyveti-leba da axali gadawyvetileba miiRo personalur monacemebTan dakavSirebiT, sadacsakiTxi exeboda saqarTvelos saxalxo damcvelis gadawyvetilebis kanonierebas, saja-ro informaciis depersonalizebuli saxiT gacemis nawilSi.262 sakasacio sasamarTlosganmartebiT, sajaro informaciis gacemaze administraciulma organom or SemTxveva-Si SeiZleba Tqvas uari: 1. kanonmdeblobiT gaTvaliswinebul SemTxvevaSi da 2. informa-cia miekuTvneba personalur monacemebs, saxelmwifo an komerciul saidumloebas. sa-kasacio sasamarTlos miTiTebiT, mocemul SemTxvevaSi moTxovnili informacia iZle-oda piris identifikaciis saSualebas, anu exeboda piris personalur monacemebs. pa-latis ganmartebiT, sajaro informacia, romelic iZleva identifikaciis SesaZleblo-bas, aris piris personaluri monacemi, Sesabamisad, aseT informaciaze vrceldeba per-sonaluri monacemebis dacvis reJimi. masze zemoqmedebs piris statusi, kerZod, saja-ro piris monacemTa dacvis reJimi gansxvavdeba sxva pirebis samarTlebrivi dacvis re-



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Jimisagan. sadavo brZanebaSi miTiTebuli pirebi ar warmoadgendnen kanoniT gaTvalis-winebul Tanamdebobis pirebs, romelTa vinaobis gamxelac upirobod ekisreboda admi-nistraciul organos. amasTan, ver dasturdeboda sadavo brZanebaSi miTiTebuli pire-bis saxelebisa da gvarebis mimarT maRali sazogadoebrivi interesi. sakasacio sasamar-Tlom mniSvnelovanad miiCnia `maRal sajaro interessa~ da personalur monacemTa da-culobas Soris balansis dadgena. aRniSnulTan dakavSirebiT sakasacio sasamarTlomdausabuTeblad miiCnia saapelacio sasamarTlos msjeloba, sadac ganmartebuli iyo,rom informaciis gacemis kanoniereba ar ukavSirdeba konkretuli subieqtis Tanxmo-bas, ramdenadac konkretuli sajaro moxeleebisa Tu damxmare mosamsaxureebisaTvis,romlebic legitimurad, kanonieri safuZvliT sargebloben saxelmwifo qonebiT, im-TaviTve unda iyos dasaSvebi, rom maTi saxeli, gvari samsaxurebrivi mdgomareoba dafunqcia-movaleobebi, maT Soris ufleba, isargeblon saxelmwifo qonebiT, yvelasaT-vis xelmisawvdomi iyos personaluri monacemebis Semcveli formiT. sakasacio sasamar-Tlom ganmarta, rom sajaro moxeleTa vinaobebis mimarT, romlebic ar arian Tanamde-bobis pirebi, ver iarsebebs maRali sazogadoebrivi interesi, rac gadawonis piris uf-lebas personalur monacemTa dacvaze. sakasacio sasamarTlos miTiTebiT, monacemTadepersonalizacia uzrunvelyofs informaciis mniSvnelovani nawilis Riaobas, xel-misawvdomobas, rac zedmiwevniT iyo daculi sadavo aqtSi. kerZod, moTxovnili infor-macia gacemuli iyo srulad da daStrixuli iyo mxolod im pirTa personaluri monace-mebi, romlebmac uari ganacxades maT gasajaroebaze. palatis miTiTebiT, personalurimonacemebis konfidencialurobis reJimi ixsneba monacemebis depersonalizaciis, ag-reTve subieqtis nebasurvilis SemTxvevaSi. informaciis depersonalizacia mniSvnelov-nadaa damokidebuli monacemTa subieqtis statusze, informaciis sajaro informacii-sadmi kuTvnilebaze. amdenad, saxalxo damcvelis aparati ver gascemda informacias impirebis Sesaxeb, romelTac uari ganacxdes Tavisi personaluri monacemebis gasajaro-ebaze, ris gamoc dokumentebi gaica depersonalizebuli saxiT, mxolod saxelisa da gva-ris daStrixviT.

uzenaesi sasamarTlos mier ganxiluli saqmeebidan aRsaniSnavia saidumloebas mikuT-vnebuli informaciis identificirebisa da misi dacvis standartis Taobaze miRebuliganCineba. aRniSnul saqmeSi,263 davis sagani iyo informaciis komerciul saidumloe-bad gamocxadeba. mosarCele iTxovda mopasuxe administraciuli organos aqtis baTi-lad cnobas im nawilSi, romliTac uari eTqva sxvadasxva informaciis, maT Soris, eleq-troenergiis nasyidobisa da eleqtroenergiis gatarebis xelSekrulebebis komerci-ul saidumloebad cnobaze. qveda instanciis sasamarTloebma aRniSnul nawilSi sarCe-li daakmayofiles, sakasacio sasamarTlom saCivris farglebis gaTvaliswinebiT swo-red aRniSnuli informaciis komerciul saidumloebad miCnevis kanonSesabamisobaze im-sjela. uzenaesi sasamarTlos mier saapelacio palatis ganCinebis gauqmebis erT-erTimTavari safuZveli iyo sadavo sakiTxis gadawyvetisas eleqtroenergetikis dargis mom-wesrigebeli kanonmdeblobis gamouyenebloba, saapelacio saCivarSi aRniSnulze spe-cialuri miTiTebis arsebobis miuxedavad. sakasacio palatam yuradReba gaamaxvila ko-merciuli saidumloebis definiciaze, mis maxasiaTeblebze, misi dacvis mniSvneloba-ze, informaciis gasaidumloebis proceduris normatiulad gansazRvrul wesze, infor-maciis gasaidumloebisaTvis piris mier nebis gamoxatvis saWiroebaze, informaciis ko-merciuli faseulobis mtkicebis tvirTze, organos muSakebisaTvis komerciuli sai-dumloebis samsaxurebriv saidumloebad transformirebis reJimze, profesiuli sai-dumloebis cnebasa da maxasiaTeblebze, sajaro informaciis xelmisawvdomobis zogadwesze, komerciuli saidumloebis mflobelis uflebaze, misTvis sasurveli reJimisdacvaze. sakasacio palatam aRniSna, rom komerciuli saidumloebis specialuri samar-Tlebrivi reJimis bunebidan gamomdinare, informaciisaTvis komerciuli saidumloe-bis statusis miniWeba Sesasruleblad savaldebulo iqneba im pirisTvis, romelsac iswaredgineba _ administraciuli organosaTvis da dispoziciuri iqneba informaciis war-

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mdgeni subieqtisaTvis _ mosarCelisaTvis da im pirebisaTvis, romlebsac is uSualodexeba _ xelSekrulebebis kontrahentebisaTvis. ukanasknelTa mier raime dainteresebaaseTi informaciis gasaidumloebiT saqmis masalebiT ar gamokveTila, isini saerTodar yofilan CarTulni saqmeSi. Sesabamisad, ar gamokvleula informaciis komerciulsaidumloebad gamocxadebis ZiriTadi piroba _ informaciis mflobelis (mosarCelisada kontrahentebis) neba. saqmeze ar gamoricxula kontrahentebis mier informaciis gam-JRavnebis Sedegad misi xelmisawvdomoba, ris gamoc aseTi informaciis mimarT ver dad-gindeba SemdgomSi saidumloebis reJimi, radgan informaciis erTianobis Tvisebidangamomdinare, misi gavrceleba azrs ukargavs dacvas. saapelacio palatas ar daudgeniaagreTve informaciis gavrcelebis gamo mosarCelisaTvis zianis miyeneba, wlebis gan-mavlobaSi informaciis Riaobis pirobebSi kompaniis konkurentunarianobis Sesuste-ba. amasTanave, gadawyvetilebaSi msjeloba mimdinareobda xelSekrulebaTa deperso-nalizaciis Sesaxeb, rac davis sagani ar yofila. sakasacio sasamarTlom yuradReba ga-amaxvila komerciuli saidumloebis dacvis miznebze, keTilsindisieri konkurenciisdacvis saWiroebaze, arsebul bunebriv monopoliebze, tarifis gansazRvrisas momxma-rebelTa uflebebis dacvis aucileblobaze, tarifis Sesaxeb informaciis Riaobis daxelmisawvdomobis normatiulad gansazRvrul wesze. palatam miuTiTa, rom arsebulinormatiuli regulireba iTvaliswinebs tarifebTan dakavSirebuli dokumentaciis sa-jaroobas, tarifi aRniSnuli dokumentaciis safuZvelze dgindeba. uzenaesma sasamar-Tlom yuradReba gaamaxvila racionaluri da obieqturi tarifis gansazRvris proce-duris gamWvirvalobis uzrunvelyofis mniSvnelobaze da aRniSna, rom informaciis sa-idumlod gamocxadebis uflebas upirispirdeba administraciuli warmoebis informa-ciis sajaroobis valdebuleba, romelic emsaxureba moqalaqeTa interesebis dacvas.amdenad, saapelacio palatis ganCineba gauqmda da saqme saTanado miTiTebebiT dabrun-da xelaxla gansaxilvelad.

erT-erT saqmeSi, romelSic mosarCele iTxovda ssip aRsrulebis erovnuli biuros mi-er konkretuli kategoriisa da Sedegis miTiTebiT saqmeebze gamocemuli gankargule-bebisa da gadawyvetilebebis gacemis davalebas,264 pirveli instanciis sasamarTlos mi-er uaryofili moTxovna saapelacio palatam daakmayofila. sakasacio sasamarTlom mi-iCnia, rom mocemul saqmeze araswori gadawyvetilebis miReba dadgenili faqtobrivigaremoebebis araswori samarTlebrivi SefasebiT iyo ganpirobebuli. palatam miuTi-Ta, rom adamianis uflebaTa evropuli konvenciis me-10 muxlis da saqarTvelos kon-stituciis 24-e muxlis danawesis ganvrcobisaTvis saWiroa gamoyenebul iqnes `gamo-xatvis Tavisuflebis saerTaSoriso principebi~, romelTagan erT-erTs warmoadgensgamonaklisebi. principi _ gamonaklisebi _ iTvaliswinebs, rom sajaro dawesebulebamxolod im SemTxvevaSia valdebuli daakmayofilos informaciis moTxovna, Tu ver da-amtkicebs, rom es informacia gamonaklisebs ganekuTvneba. sakasacio palatam ganmar-ta, rom zogadi administraciuli kodeqsis 3.4 muxliT imperatiulad aris dadgeniligamonaklisebi aRmasrulebeli xelisuflebis organoTa konkretul saqmianobebTan mi-marTebaSi, romlebzec ar SeiZleba gavrceldes saqarTvelos zogadi administraciu-li kodeqsis moqmedeba. erT-erT aseT saqmianobad, aRniSnuli punqtis `g1~ qvepunqtSimiTiTebulia saqmianoba, romelic dakavSirebulia `saaRsrulebo warmoebaTa Sesaxeb~saqarTvelos kanoniT gaTvaliswinebuli aqtebis aRsrulebasTan. zemoaRniSnuli da-nawesidan gamomdinare, informaciis gacemis Sesaxeb normebi ar SeiZleba gavrceldesaRsrulebis erovnuli biuros mier ̀ saaRsrulebo warmoebaTa Sesaxeb~ saqarTvelos ka-nonis safuZvelze ganxorcielebuli calkeuli qmedebebis SedegebTan mimarTebaSi. sa-kasacio palatam `saaRsrulebo warmoebis Sesaxeb~ saqarTvelos kanonis me-18 da me-19muxlebze miTiTebiT gamijna, kreditoris, movalisa da saaRsrulebo warmoebaSi mona-wile pirebis uflebebi. saqmeze dadgenili garemoebebis samarTlebrivi analizis sa-fuZvelze sasamarTlom miiCnia, rom gansaxilvel SemTxvevaSi mosarCele mxare ar war-moadgens uflebamosil pirs, xolo mosarCelis mier moTxovnili informacia ar warmo-

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adgens sajaro informacias, scdeba informaciis Tavisuflebis farglebs da warmoad-gens kanoniT gaTvaliswinebul gamonakliss, ris Sesabamisadac, moTxovnili informa-ciis miTiTebul nawilze ar SeiZleba gavrceldes saqarTvelos zogadi administraci-uli kodeqsis moqmedeba.

sakasacio sasamarTlos mier axali gadawyvetilebis miRebis saWiroeba dadga persona-lur monacemTa dacvis inspeqtoris sakasacio saCivarTan dakavSirebiT,265 sadac gani-marta inspeqtoris kompetenciis farglebi. sakasacio sasamarTlom ar gaiziara saape-lacio sasamarTlos mosazreba, rom personalur monacemTa dacvis inspeqtoris sada-vo gadawyvetileba ar warmoadgenda zogadi administraciuli kodeqsiT gaTvaliswine-bul individualur administraciul-samarTlebriv aqts, aseve ar gaiziara saapelaciosasamarTlos mosazreba, rom mxolod gancxadebaze dadgenili xarvezis SeuvseblobisSemTxvevaSi SeeZlo personalur monacemTa dacvis inspeqtors gancxadeba daetovebinaganuxilvelad. sakasacio sasamarTlom miiCnia, rom personalur monacemTa dacvis in-speqtori uflebamosili iyo xarvezis dadgenis gareSe ganuxilvelad daetovebina war-dgenili gancxadeba, vinaidan igi ar warmoadgenda `personalur monacemTa dacvis Se-saxeb~ saqarTvelos kanoniT gansazRvrul gancxadebas, ar Seicavda informacias mona-cemTa subieqtis uflebebis darRvevisa da monacemTa damuSavebis wesebis SesaZlo dar-Rvevaze. sakasacio sasamarTlom Sesabamis normebze miTiTebiT dadgenilad miiCnia, rompersonalur monacemTa dacvis inspeqtori ganixilavs mxolod im gancxadebebs, romle-bic Seexeba ̀ personalur monacemTa dacvis Sesaxeb~ saqarTvelos kanoniT gansazRvru-li monacemTa subieqtis uflebebis darRvevis faqts; xolo ganmcxadebels monacemTadamuSavebis Taobaze unda miemarTa ara inspeqtorisaTvis, aramed _ monacemTa dammuSa-veblisaTvis, romelsac mocemul SemTxvevaSi warmoadgenda saqarTvelos Sinagan saq-meTa saministro. amdenad, sakasacio sasamarTlom ar gaiziara saapelacio sasamarTlosmier davis gadawyvetisas saqarTvelos administraciuli saproceso kodeqsis 32-e mux-lis me-4 nawilis gamoyeneba.

sakasacio palatam ar gaiziara qveda instanciis sasamarTloebis gadawyvetileba, rom-liTac mosarCeleebis moTxovna dakmayofilda ssip saqarTvelos dazRvevis saxelmwi-fo zedamxedvelobis samsaxuris ufrosis brZanebebis baTilad cnobaze.266 sadavo aq-tebis gamocemis faqtobrivi safuZveli gaxda is garemoeba, rom mosarCeleebis mier ariqna Sesrulebuli ssip saqarTvelos dazRvevis saxelmwifo zedamxedvelobis samsaxu-ris moTxovna maTdami daqvemdebarebul kompaniaSi dazRveuli pirebis (janmrTelobisdazRveviT mosargeble) Taobaze informaciis (dazRveulis saxeli, gvari, dabadebis Ta-riRi, piradi nomeri, mzRveveli da sadazRvevo periodi) miwodebis Sesaxeb. sakasaciopalatam miiCnia, rom saapelacio sasamarTlo formalurad miudga sakiTxis gadawyve-tas, arasworad ganmarta kanoni da ar gamoiyena kanoni, romelic unda gamoeyenebina.sakasacio palatam ganmarta, rom sadavo SemTxvevaSi ssip saqarTvelos dazRvevis sa-xelmwifo zedamxedvelobis samsaxuris mier mosarCeleebisTvis informacia moTxov-nil iqna `personalur monacemTa dacvis Sesaxeb~ saqarTvelos kanonis me-5 muxlis `b~da `g~ qvepunqtebis Sesabamisad, kanoniT gaTvaliswinebuli mizniTa da samsaxurisaT-vis kanonmdeblobiT dakisrebuli movaleobebis Sesasruleblad. makontrolebeli or-ganosaTvis normatiul safuZvelze dadgenili sagamoZiebo da gaufrTxilebeli inspeq-tirebis uflebamosileba warmoSobda samsaxuris mier misi kompetenciis farglebSimoTxovnili informaciis mzRvevelis mier gacemis valdebulebas da mzRvevels ufle-ba ar aqvs samsaxurs _ misi kompetenciis farglebSi moTxovnili informaciis gacemazeuari uTxras ̀ kanoniT gaTvaliswinebuli safuZvelisa~ da ̀ personalur monacemTa dac-vis Sesaxeb~ saqarTvelos kanonis dacvaze miTiTebiT. amdenad, palatam miiCnia, rom sam-saxuris werilebiT gaTvaliswinebuli informaciis moTxovna Seesabameboda dargis ma-regulirebeli normatiuli aqtebiT gaTvaliswinebul moTxovnebs. sakasacio palatam



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ganmarta, rom ssip saqarTvelos dazRvevis saxelmwifo zedamxedvelobis samsaxurismier misi kompetenciis farglebSi informaciis moTxovna ar saWiroebs damatebiT da-sabuTebas. ramdenadac, makontrolebeli organos mier misi kompetenciis farglebSiinformaciis moTxovnisa da miRebuli monacemebis damuSavebis uflebamosileba gaTva-liswinebulia kanoniT da monacemTa damuSaveba saWiroa monacemTa dammuSaveblis miermisTvis kanonmdeblobiT dakisrebuli movaleobebis Sesasruleblad.

saaRsrulebo warmoebasTan dakavSirebuli davebi

saaRsrulebo warmoebasTan dakavSirebul davaze sakasacio sasamarTlom ZalaSi da-tova saapelacio sasamarTlos gadawyvetileba, sadac Sefaseba misca SeeZlo Tu ara sa-aRsrulebo biuros yadaRadadebuli qonebis gankargva.267 sakasacio sasamarTlom Tav-dapirvelad yuradReba gaamaxvila ̀ saaRsrulebo warmoebaTa Sesaxeb~ saqarTvelos ka-nonis 631 muxlis pirveli punqtis pirvel winadadebaze, romlis Tanaxmad, yadaRis da-deba niSnavs qonebis aRweras da mesakuTrisaTvis misi gankargvis _ nebismieri formiTgasxvisebis, ipoTekiT, uzufruqtiT, servitutiT an aRnagobiT datvirTvis, masze Txo-vebis qiravnobis an/da ijaris xelSekrulebis dadebis _ akrZalvis gamocxadebas. dasa-xelebuli normis Tavdapirveli redaqcia ar Seicavda miTiTebas romelime konkretulsubieqtze yadaRadadebuli qonebis gankargvis akrZalvis Taobaze, Tumca masSi ganxor-cielebuli cvlilebis Tanaxmad, Semovida axali regulacia da specialur subieqts _mesakuTres aekrZala yadaRadadebuli uZravi qonebis gankargva, rac sakasacio sasamar-Tlos mosazrebiT, ar SeiZleba gagebul iqnes imgvarad, rom am normiT aRmasrulebelsekrZaleba yadaRadadebuli qonebis auqcionze gatana. palatam aseve yuradReba miaq-cia im garemoebasac, rom iZulebiT aRsrulebas daqvemdebarebul uZrav qonebaze uz-runvelyofis saxiT dadebuli yadaRis arseboba ar warmoadgens aRsrulebis SeCerebissafuZvels, radgan msgavs pirobas `saaRsrulebo warmoebaTa Sesaxeb~ saqarTvelos ka-nonis 36-e muxli ar iTvaliswinebs. amasTan, sakasacio sasamarTlom aRniSna, rom miTi-Tebuli kanonis 75-e muxlis me-4 punqtis Tanaxmad, Tu iZulebiT aRsrulebas axorcie-lebs kreditori, romlis moTxovnac ar aris uzrunvelyofili, sakuTrebis gadasvlismiuxedavad, qonebaze sajaro reestrSi registrirebuli uflebebi rCeba ucvleli. pa-latam miiCnia, rom kanonmdebeli am normis mixedviT, qonebaze sajaro reestrSi regis-trirebul uflebebSi moiazrebs mxolod sanivTo uflebebs da igi ar exeba sarCelisuzrunvelyofis RonisZiebis saxiT gamoyenebul yadaRas, radgan sarCelis uzrunvel-yofis RonisZieba _ yadaRa ar warmoadgens moTxovnis uzrunvelyofis saSualebas daigi mxolod yadaRadadebuli qonebis mesakuTris mxridan gankargvis akrZalvas emsaxu-reba, Sesabamisad, mas moTxovnis uzrunvelyofis saSualebebisagan gansxvavebiT ar ga-aCnia aqcesoruli (mimdevnebiTi) buneba. sarCelis uzrunvelyofis RonisZiebis funqci-as misi dakmayofilebis SemTxvevaSi, gadawyvetilebis aRsrulebis xelSewyoba warmo-adgens, xolo moTxovnis uzrunvelyofis saSualebis, anu sanivTo uflebis funqcia kiSeusrulebeli valdebulebis Sesrulebaa, rac gulisxmobs, rom movalisaTvis valde-bulebis Sesrulebis dakisreba uzrunvelyofis saSualebiT xorcieldeba, anu movalisSesasrulebel valdebulebas moTxovnis uzrunvelyofis saSualeba anacvlebs. amasTan,davis obieqturad gadawyvetisas sakasacio sasamarTlom mniSvnelovan garemoebad mi-iCnia saaRsrulebo warmoebaSi dainteresebuli piris informireba saaRsrulebo war-moebis yvela etapsa da moqmedebaze, razec damokidebuli iyo saaRsrulebo biuros ga-dawyvetilebis kanoniereba.

saqmeSi, sadac davis sagans warmoadgenda ssip aRsrulebis erovnuli biurosaTvis moq-medebis ganxorcielebisagan _ mosarCelis saxeliT saaRsrulebo biuros sadepozitoangariSze ganTavsebuli Tanxis saxelmwifo biujetSi gadaricxvisagan Tavis Sekaveba,pirveli instanciis sasamarTlos mier uaryofil iqna sarCeli, xolo saapelacio sasa-marTlom daakmayofila moTxovna da daevala mopasuxes Tavi Seikavos aRsrulebis erov-

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nuli biuros sadepozito angariSze mosarCelis saxeliT ganTavsebuli Tanxis saxel-mwifo biujetSi gadaricxvisagan. saqmeze dadginda, rom sadavo Tanxa sadepozito an-gariSze mosarCelis mier ganTavsebul iqna mesame pirTan gaformebuli saproceso Se-Tanxmebis safuZvelze danaSaulis Sedegad miyenebuli zianis anazRaurebis mizniT. sa-kasacio palatam ganmarta, rom saproceso SeTanxmeba formdeba mxolod im SemTxvevaSi,rodesac saxelmwifos gaaCnia saproceso SeTanxmebis gaformebis kanoniT gaTvaliswi-nebuli interesi. sadavo SemTxvevaSi saproceso SeTanxmebis gaformebis saxelmwifosinteress warmoadgenda msjavrdebulis mier Tbilisis saqalaqo sasamarTlos adminis-traciul saqmeTa kolegiis gadawyvetilebiT gaTvaliswinebuli saxelmwifosaTvis mi-yenebuli zianis nebayoflobiT anazRaureba. amdenad, mosarCelis mier swored proku-rorsa da mesame pirs Soris miRweuli saproceso SeTanxmebis pirobis Sesrulebis miz-niT iqna Setanili sadavo Tanxa saaRsrulebo biuros sadepozito angariSze. saproce-so SeTanxmebis oqmiT gaTvaliswinebuli Tanxis dadgenil vadaSi aunazRaureblobis Sem-TxvevaSi saxeze iqneboda saproceso SeTanxmebis safuZvelze miRebuli ganaCenis gauq-mebis faqtobrivi safuZveli.268

sxva kategoriis davebi

sakasacio sasamarTlos mier aseve araerTi mniSvnelovani samarTlebrivi sakiTxiiqna Sefasebuli sxva kategoriis davebze. kerZod, precedentulia saqme, romelSicsadavo iyo sxvadasxva qveynebSi arsebuli samedicino dawesebulebebis monawileobiTsurogaciis gziT dabadebuli bavSvis registraciis Sesaxeb samoqalaqo aqtSi dedisSesaxeb ganxorcielebuli Canaweri.269 mocemul SemTxvevaSi samoqalaqo aqtis CanawerSidedis Sesaxeb Canaweris gauqmebaze uaris Tqmis safuZvels warmoadgenda is garemoeba,rom bavSvis dabadebis registraciisas samedicino dawesebulebis mier ar iqna miTiTe-buli, rom bavSvi daibada eqstrakorporuli ganayofierebis Sedegad da arc kanonmdeb-lobiT gaTvaliswinebuli is dokumentebi iyo darTuli cnobaze, romlebsac iTvalis-winebs normatiuli aqti. sakasacio palatam miiCnia, rom qveda instanciis sasamarTlo-ebis mier sarCelis dakmayofilebaze uari ganapiroba formalurma midgomam. sakasaciopalatis ganmartebiT problemas warmoadgenda is garemoeba, rom ar arsebobda raimesaerTaSoriso SeTanxmeba an standarti, romelic saxelmwifoTa Soris daaregulireb-da surogaciis Sedegad dabadebuli bavSvis registraciasTan dakavSirebul mTel rigsakiTxebs. sakasacio palatam samedicino literaturis gamoyenebiT ganmarta suroga-ciis Sinaarsi da saxeebi. mocemul SemTxevaSi saqmis gadawyvetisaTvis mniSvneloba hqon-da faqtis dadgenas _ romeli saxis surogat dedas warmoadgenda mosarCele, ramdena-dac sadavo ar iyo is garemoeba, rom mosarCele imyofeba surogatTa monacemTa bazaSida sargeblobs konkretuli saagentos momsaxurebiT. surogaciis Sedegad dabadebulibavSvis samoqalaqo registraciis sakiTxi mowesrigebulia `samoqalaqo aqtebis regis-traciis wesis damtkicebis Sesaxeb~ saqarTvelos iusticiis ministris 2012 wlis 31 ian-vris #18 brZanebiT, romelic adgens, rom dabadebis samoqalaqo aqtis CanawerSi bav-Svis mSoblad donoris an `surogatuli dedis~ miTiTeba dauSvebelia. miTiTebuli we-sis me-19 muxliT gaTvaliswinebuli dokumentaciis wardgenis mizans warmoadgens faq-tis dadgena bavSvis eqstrakorporuli ganayofierebis Sedegad dabadebis Sesaxeb. mo-cemul SemTxvevaSi sasamarTlom ar gamoikvlia da ar daadgina faqtobrivi garemoeba,rom mosarCele warmoadgenda biologiur Tu surogat dedas da bavSvi dabadebulia tra-diciuli Tu gestaciuri surogaciis safuZvelze, rasac arsebiTi mniSvneloba hqondadavis gadawyvetisTvis, ramdenadac saqmeSi warmodgenili mtkicebulebebis Tanaxmad,mosarCelesTan mimarTebaSi dasturdeboda eqstrakorporuli ganayofierebis faqti,ris Sedegadac daibada bavSvi. mosarCele misi moTxovnis dakmayofilebis safuZvladmiuTiTebda im garemoebaze, rom mas eqstrakorporuli ganayofierebis Sedegad daba-debul bavSvTan genetikuri kavSiri ar aqvs. amasTan, klinikaSi moZiebuli informaciiT



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dgindeboda mosarCelis surogati dedobis faqti. mocemul davaSi sakasacio palatamaseve imsjela aRZruli sarCelis mosarCelis iuridiul interesTan Sesabamisobaze damiuTiTa, rom sasamarTlos unda gaeTvaliswinebina mosarCelis moTxovnis mizani, sar-Celis Sinaarsi, is samarTlebrivi Sedegi, risi dadgomac surda mas da sasamarTlos, mis-Tvis kanonmdeblobiT miniWebuli uflebamosilebis farglebSi, saqarTvelos adminis-traciuli saproceso kodeqsis 281 muxlis safuZvelze mosarCelisaTvis unda mieca sa-sarCelo moTxovnis transformirebis SesaZlebloba da davis sagnis dazustebis Sem-deg, emsjela rogorc gasaCivrebuli aqtebis kanonierebis, ise mosarCelis genetikuridedobis arseboba-ararsebobis Sesaxeb eqstrakorporuli ganayofierebis Sedegad da-badebuli bavSvis mimarT. sakasacio palatam aseve miuTiTa, rom sasamarTloebma ar ga-moikvlies sadavo SemTxvevaSi arsebobda Tu ara samoqalaqo aqtSi (dabadebis mowmoba-Si) mosarCelis mier gaCenili bavSvis genetikur dedad miTiTebis faqtobriv-samarTleb-rivi safuZveli, risi dadgenac SesaZlebeli iyo samoqalaqo saproceso kodeqsis 162-emuxlis gamoyenebiT _ genetikuri eqspertizis Catarebis Sedegad.270 amdenad, sakasaciopalatis mier aRiniSna, rom saapelacio sasamarTlom saqmis xelaxla ganxilvisas, saq-meSi samarTalurTierTobis monawile mxareebis CarTvis, davis sagnis dazustebisa datransformirebis Semdeg, unda gamoiyenos saqarTvelos administraciuli saprocesokodeqsis me-4 da me-19 muxlebiT misTvis miniWebuli uflebamosileba da daadginos sa-davo SemTxvevaSi hqonda Tu ara adgili mosarCelis mier miTiTebul garemoebas _ mo-sarCelesa da mis mier gaCenil bavSvs Soris genetikuri kavSiris arsebobas da aseTisararsebobis SemTxvevaSi, saapelacio sasamarTlos SeeZlo emsjela sasarCelo moTxov-nis safuZvlianobaze.

saqarTvelos administraciuli saproceso kodeqsis 32.4 muxliT gansazRvrul sap-roceso meqanizms ukavSirdeba sakasacio sasamarTlos mier arsebiTad ganxiluli erT-erTi saqme,271 romelzedac sakasacio palatis mier Sefasebul iqna miTiTebuli sapro-ceso SesaZleblobis gamoyenebis marTlzomiereba. sakasacio palatam ar gaiziara saa-pelacio sasamarTlos ganmarteba maszed, rom saqarTvelos komunikaciebis erovnul-ma komisiam daarRvia saqarTvelos zogadi administraciuli kodeqsis 96-e muxli, ram-denadac saqmis garemoebebiT calsaxad dgindeboda is, rom mopasuxe administraciul-ma organom srulyofilad gamoikvlia saqmis garemoebebi da sadavo aqti moqmedi kanon-mdeblobis sruli dacviT gamosca. sakasacio sasamarTlom aseve ar gaiziara saapela-cio sasamarTlos msjeloba, rom saqarTvelos komunikaciebis erovnulma komisiam mii-Ro diskriminaciuli gadawyvetileba, vinaidan komisiam 2015 wlis 11 ivnisis gadawyve-tilebiT mosarCelis mimarT gamoiyena pasuxismgeblobis zoma _ gafrTxileba maSin, ro-desac mobiluri sakomunikacio momsaxurebis gamwevi avtorizebuli sxva piris mimarT2015 wlis 2 ivlisis gadawyvetilebiT Sewyvita administraciuli warmoeba, faqtis dau-dastureblobis gamo. amdenad, sakasacio sasamarTlom miiCnia, rom zemoxsenebuli Sem-Txvevebis safuZvelze gamocemuli gadawyvetilebebis miRebisas adgili ar hqonia saq-mis garemoebebis identurobas, kerZod, mosarCelisagan gansxvavebiT, mobiluri sako-munikacio momsaxurebis gamwevma avtorizebulma pirma, romelsac ar daekisra pasuxis-mgebloba, samarTaldarRvevis aRkveTisa da prevenciis mizniT miiRo garkveuli zome-bi, ris gamoc komisiam mis mimarT Sewyvita administraciuli pasuxismgeblobis dakis-rebis Taobaze dawyebuli administraciuli warmoeba. amasTan, sayuradRebo iyo isic,rom saqarTvelos komunikaciebis erovnuli komisiis mier administraciuli warmoebisSewyvetis Taobaze miRebuli zemoxsenebuli gadawyvetilebis kanonierebaze sasamar-Tlos ar umsjelia. sabolood, sakasacio sasamarTlom kanonSesabamisad miiCnia saqar-Tvelos komunikaciebis erovnuli komisiis gasaCivrebuli gadawyvetileba da ar gaizi-ara saapelacio sasamarTlos mier mocemuli davis gadawyvetisas saqarTvelos admi-nistraciuli saproceso kodeqsis 32-e muxlis me-4 nawilis gamoyeneba.

saqarTvelos uzenaesma sasamarTlom mniSvnelovani ganmartebebi gaakeTa SromiTi ko-

270 ix. „maia oyroSiZe da giorgi oyroSiZe saqarTvelos winaaRmdeg“ 11.12.12w. #60596/09, §§3-4.271 saqme #bs-1073-1067(k-17).


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leqtivis wevrTa mier wilTa araTanabari ganawilebis, rogorc `garigebis~ formisdacvis savaldebuloobasTan mimarTebiT.272 sakasacio palatam nawilobriv daakmayo-fila sakasacio saCivari, gaauqma saapelacio sasamarTlos gasaCivrebuli gadawyveti-leba da saqme xelaxla gansaxilvelad imave sasamarTlos daubruna. sakasacio sasamar-Tlom gaiziara kasatorebis miTiTeba im garemoebaze, rom saapelacio sasamarTlom ga-dawyvetilebis miRebisas ar gamoiyena kanoni, romelic unda gamoeyenebina, kerZod, 1997wlamde moqmedi ̀ samoqalaqo samarTlis kodeqsiT~ garigebebisaTvis dadgenili norme-bi, romlis 41-e muxlis Tanaxmad, `garigeba aris moqalaqeTa da organizaciaTa moqme-deba, mimarTuli samoqalaqo uflebaTa an movaleobaTa warmoSobis, Secvlisa da mos-pobisaTvis~. amave kodeqsis 44-e muxlis me-2 punqtis mixedviT, `werilobiT unda dai-dos moqalaqeTa garigebani urTierTSoris as maneTze meti Tanxisa~. sakasacio sasamar-Tlom miuTiTa, rom mocemul davaSi ZiriTad sadavo faqtobriv garemoebas warmoad-genda 1995 wlis 14 apriliT daTariRebuli SromiTi koleqtivis wevrebis mier dadebu-li e.w. `damfuZnebeli xelSekruleba~, romelic Tavisi SinaarsiT garigebas warmoad-genda, Tumca am dokumentSi miTiTebuli pirebi gamoricxavdnen SeTanxmebas warmodge-nili saxiT dokumentis Sinaarsze, anu garigebis pirobebze. sakasacio sasamarTlom mi-uTiTa, rom rogorc 1997 wlamde moqmedi `samoqalaqo samarTlis kodeqsiT~, aseve Ta-vad e.w. `damfuZnebeli xelSekrulebiT~ dadgenili iyo, rom nebis namdvilobis dadge-nisaTvis aucilebeli iyo am dokumentSi miTiTebuli pirebis neba uflebamosili saxel-mwifo Tanamdebobis piris (saxelmwifo notariusi an masTan gaTanabrebuli Tanamdebo-bis piri) mier dadasturebuliyo, rasac mocemul SemTxvevaSi adgili ar hqonia. amde-nad, am tipis garigebis namdvilobisaTvis aucilebeli iyo dokumentSi miTiTebuli ga-rigebis monawile pirebis xelmoweris damowmeba saxelmwifo notariusis an sanotaromoqmedebis Semsrulebeli sxva Tanamdebobis piris mier. aRniSnulis sawinaaRmdegod,sadavo ar iyo is faqti, rom notariusis mier damowmebuli iyo mxolod am dokumentis _`damfuZnebeli xelSekrulebis~ warmdgeni piris _ mosarCelis mamis xelmoweris namdvi-loba da ar iyo wardgenili dokumentSi miTiTebuli koleqtivis 9 piris xelmowerisnamdviloba. sakasacio sasamarTlos SefasebiT, aRniSnuli garemoeba miuTiTebda ima-ze, rom e.w. `damfuZnebel xelSekrulebaSi~ miTiTebuli wilebis araTanabar ganawile-baze danarCen 9 pirs Tanxmoba ar ganucxadebia. amasTan, wilebTan dakavSirebiT warmo-ebuli samoqalaqo davis masalebidan Canda, rom SromiTi koleqtivis wevrebs ar uRia-rebiaT e.w. `damfuZnebel xelSekrulebaze~ nebis gamovlena. piriqiT, isini yovelTvisafiqsirebdnen, rom es dokumenti Sinaarsis gayalbebis gziT, maTi nebis sawinaaRmde-god iyo Seqmnili. amdenad, sakasacio sasamarTlom arara garigebasTan mimarTebiT dad-genil erTian sasamarTlo praqtikaze miTiTebiT, miiCnia, rom saapelacio sasamarTlosgasaCivrebuli gadawyvetileba miRebul iqna saTanado faqtobrivi da samarTlebrividasabuTebis gareSe. sakasacio sasamarTlom amavdroulad aRniSna, rom kasatorTa mi-er mosarCelis moTxovnis xandazmulobasTan mimarTebiT gamoTqmuli pretenziebis fon-ze, saapelacio sasamarTlos saqmis xelaxla ganxilvisas aseve unda emsjela im sakiT-xze, Tu rodidan unda dawyebuliyo sasarCelo moTxovnis xandazmulobis vadis aTvla,vinaidan saqmeSi warmodgenili masalebiT calsaxad ar dasturdeboda uflebis dar-Rvevis Sesaxeb Setyobis faqti.

gansakuTrebuli mniSvneloba mieniWa sadavo aqtis Cabarebis sakiTxs arsebiTad ganxi-lul erT-erT davaze,273 sadac sakasacio sasamarTlom gaauqma saapelacio sasamarTlosgasaCivrebuli gadawyvetileba da saqmeze axali gadawyvetilebis miRebiT uaryo saape-lacio palatis msjeloba mopasuxis mier mosarCelisaTvis sadavo aqtis Caubareblo-basTan mimarTebiT. kerZod, sakasacio palatam aRniSna, rom saapelacio sasamarTlomssip arqiteqturis samsxuridan gamoiTxova mosarCelis mier administraciuli aqte-bis Cabarebis damadasturebeli mtkicebuleba, dednis saxiT. ssip arqiteqturis samsa-xurma, saapelacio sasamarTloSi waradgina q. Tbilisis meris ssip q. Tbilisis arqiteq-



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turis samsaxuris beWdiT damowmebuli werili, romliTac dadasturebulia is faqti,rom mosarCele gasaCivrebul brZanebas piradad gaecno. aRniSnulis sawinaaRmdego ra-ime mtkicebuleba, rac gaamyarebda saapelacio sasamarTlos ganmartebas, garda saape-lacio saCivris avtoris zepirsityvieri miTiTebisa, saqmeSi daculi ar iyo. amdenad,zemoxsenebuli mtkicebulebebis urTierTSejerebisa da gaanalizebis safuZvelze, sa-kasacio sasamarTlom dadgenil garemoebad miiCnia, rom q. Tbilisis merias mosarCelemaqtebis gasaCivrebisaTvis dadgenili erTTviani vadis gasvlis Semdeg mimarTa. sakasa-cio sasamarTlom miiCnia, rom saapelacio sasamarTlom obieqturi Sefaseba ar miscasaqmeSi arsebul mtkicebulebebs, ver miuTiTa verc erT konkretul faqtze da samar-Tlebriv normaze, romelic q. Tbilisis municipalitetis meriis sadavo aqtiT ar iqnagamokvleuli da Sefasebuli. aseve ver daasabuTa, ratom ar gaiziara q. Tbilisis muni-cipalitetis meriis mier saapelacio sasamarTloSi wardgenili saTanadod damowme-buli dokumenti sadavo aqtebis Cabarebis damadasturebel mtkicebulebad. yovelivezemoaRniSnuli ki, sakasacio palatis mier gasaCivrebuli gadawyvetilebis gauqmebisda saapelacio sasamarTlos gasaCivrebuli gadawyvetilebiT damdgari Sedegis SecvlissafuZvlad iqna miCneuli.

2018 wels ganxiluli davebidan aRsaniSnavia saqme, romelic exeboda saqarTvelos fi-nansTa saministrosaTvis fizikuri piris sasargeblod saSinao valis anazRaure-bis dakisrebas,274 saapelacio sasamarTlom administraciul organos daavala mosar-Celis gancxadebaze xelaxali msjeloba ise, rom ar gaiTvaliswina sasarCelo moTxov-nis Sinaarsi da sarCelis saxe, davis gadawyvetisaTvis dausabuTeblad gamoiyena kon-kretuli normatiuli mowesrigeba, bundovnad Camoyalibda gadawyvetilebis sarezo-lucio nawili. sakasacio palatam yuradReba gaamaxvila mikuTvnebiTi sarCelis aRZvrisdros xelaxali ganxilvisTvis sakiTxis administraciuli organosaTvis dabrunebis Se-uZleblobaze, gadawyvetilebis sarezolucio nawilis arabundovnad, garkveviT Camo-yalibebis saWiroebaze. sakasacio palatam miiCnia, rom saapelacio sasamarTlom ar ga-aanaliza saSinao valis anazRaurebasTan dakavSirebuli normatiuli mowesrigeba, argaiTvaliswina obligaciebis ganaRdebis ZalaSi myofi meqanizmi, ar imsjela obligaci-ebis normatiulad gansazRvruli dafarvis zRvruli vadisa da maTi gasanaRdeblad war-dgenis periodze.

saapelacio palatis mier misi miRebis momentSi kanonSesabamisi gadawyvetileba gauq-mda sakasacio saCivris wardgenisas arsebuli normatiuli mowesrigebis cvlilebisgamo. 2017 wels ganxiluli dava exeboda administraciuli organosaTvis ukanonomflobelobidan binis gamoTavisuflebis davalebas da gamoTavisuflebaze orga-nos uaris baTilad cnobas.275 organo uars acxadebda normatiulad misTvis dakisre-buli valdebulebebis Sesrulebaze im safuZvliT, rom binasTan dakavSirebul gar-kveuli dokumentebis namdvilobaze mimdinareobda sisxlissamarTlebrivi gamoZie-ba. saapelacio palatam administraciuli organos es mosazreba ar gaiziara, rac uc-vlelad iqna datovebuli sakasacio sasamarTlos mier, radgan saqmis masalebiT ir-kveoda, rom aRniSnuli dokumentis siyalbis dadgenis SemTxvevaSic ki mosarCelis sa-kuTrebas ar ecleboda samarTlebrivi safuZveli. amdenad, administraciuli orga-nos uari farTis gamoTavisuflebaze aramarTlzomierad iqna cnobili, amis miuxeda-vad gauqmda saapelacio sasamarTlos gadawyvetilebis is nawili, romliTac organosdaevala gamoTavisuflebis mizniT konkretuli qmedebebis ganxorcieleba, radganSecvlili normatiuli regulirebis Sedegad aRniSnuli mimarTulebiT Semcirda or-ganos kompetencia, organos sasamarTlos gadawyvetilebis gareSe gamosaxlebis uf-leba SeunarCunda mxolod sisxlis samarTlis kodeqsis 160-e muxliT gaTvaliswine-buli danaSaulis Cadenis Sesaxeb dasabuTebuli varaudis arsebobis SemTxvevaSi, racgansaxilvel davaSi ar dasturdeboda.



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davaze, romelic saaqto Canaweris Secvlis moTxovnis safuZvlianobas Seexeboda,276

sakasacio palatam, marTalia, gaiziara saapelacio sasamarTlos gasaCivrebuli ganCi-nebiT damdgari Sedegi, Tumca damatebiT ganmarta, rom sadavo aqti _ xaSuris raionismoqalaqeobrivi mdgomareobis aqtebis Caweris (mmaCis) ganyofilebis mier registrire-buli dabadebis aqtis Canaweri, romelsac dabadebis faqtis damadasturebel sabuTadsafuZvlad daedo xaSuris raisamSobiaro saxlis cnoba, kanonieri iyo, vidre kanonierZalaSi Sesuli sasamarTlos ganaCeniT am dokumentis siyalbe ar dadgindeboda, rac Se-iZleba gamxdariyo registraciis CanawerSi cvlilebis safuZveli.

saqmeze, romelSic sarCeli aRZruli iyo normatiul aqtSi cvlilebis Setanis moT-xovniT, saapelacio sasamarTlos mier axali gadawyvetilebis gamotanis safuZvelzepirveli instanciis mier uaryofili sarCeli dakmayofilda. saapelacio sasamarTlosmier saqmis ganxilvis dros moqmedi kanonmdeblobis Sesabamisad, davis ganxilvis miu-xedavad, sakasacio palatam miiCnia, rom arsebobda xelaxla gansaxilvelad dabrunebissafuZveli, radgan normatiuli aqti, romelSic mosarCele moiTxovda cvlilebis Se-tanas sakasacio palataSi saqmis ganxilvis dros ukve gauqmebuli iyo. Sesabamisad, sa-kasacio palatam miuTiTa, rom normatiuli aqtis miRebis (gamotana) da masSi cvlile-bis Setanis wess gansazRvravs ̀ normatiuli aqtebis Sesaxeb~ saqarTvelos kanonis me-20muxli, romelic ar iZleva Zaladakargul normatiul aqtSi cvlilebis Setanis SesaZ-leblobas. amdenad, sakasacio palatis mosazrebiT zemoaRniSnuli cvlilebebis gaT-valiswinebiT saqmeze dadgenas saWiroebda administraciuli saproceso kodeqsis 23-emuxlis me-2 nawiliT gaTvaliswinebuli mosarCelis kanonieri interesis arseboba daadministraciuli saproceso kodeqsis 33-e muxlis safuZvelze administraciuli or-ganoebisaTvis administraciul-samarTlebrivi aqtebis gamocemis davalebis SesaZleb-loba.277

sakasacio sasamarTlos mier ganxilul kidev erT davaze278 sakasacio sasamarTlo, mar-Talia, daeTanxma saapelacio sasamarTlos mier saqmis konkretuli SedegiT gadawyve-tas, Tumca samarTlebriv problemaTa srulyofili Seswavla-Sefasebis, aseve sakasa-cio saCivris safuZvlebis maqsimaluri gamoricxvisa da damdgari Sedegis saTanado da-sabuTebis mizniT, mizanSewonilad miiCnia arsebiTad emsjela kasatoris argumenteb-ze. kerZod, sakasacio sasamarTlom ar gaiziara kasaciis motivi imasTan dakavSirebiT,rom saapelacio sasamarTlom gamoiyena kanoni, romelic ar unda gamoeyenebina, kerZod,saqarTvelos iusticiis ministris 2010 wlis 15 ianvris #4 brZaneba da saqarTvelosmTavrobis 2013 wlis 21 agvistos #214 dadgenileba. sakasacio sasamarTlom miuTiTasadavo samarTlebrivi urTierTobis maregulirebel kanonmdeblobaze. kerZod, saqar-Tvelos iusticiis ministris 2010 wlis 15 ianvris #4 brZanebiT damtkicebuli ̀ sajaroreestris Sesaxeb~ instruqciis 142 muxlze, romlis Tanaxmad, ̀ saqarTveloSi eleqtro-sadgurebis mSeneblobis teqnikur-ekonomikuri Seswavlis, mSeneblobis, flobis da ope-rirebis Sesaxeb interesTa gamoxatvis wesis damtkicebis Sesaxeb~ saqarTvelos mTav-robis 2013 wlis 21 agvistos #214 dadgenilebiT damtkicebuli wesis pirveli muxlisme-2 punqtis Sesabamisad, saqarTvelos energetikis ministris brZanebiT gaTvaliswine-buli eleqtrosadguris teritoriul sazRvrebSi moqceuli sasoflo-sameurneo da-niSnulebis miwis nakveTze fizikuri da/an kerZo samarTlis iuridiuli piris sakuTre-bis uflebis pirveladi registraciisaTvis, agreTve, registrirebuli dauzustebelisakadastro monacemis dazustebisas, garda saqarTvelos kanonmdeblobiT dadgenilidokumentaciisa, damatebiT warmodgenili unda iqnes Sesabamisi TviTmmarTveli erTe-ulis teritoriuli organos xelmZRvanelis _ TviTmmarTveli erTeulis rwmunebulismier gamocemuli administraciul-samarTlebrivi aqti (cnoba), romliTac unda das-turdebodes uflebis damadasturebel dokumentsa da sakadastro azomviT naxazze asa-xuli saregistracio uZravi nivTis urTierTSesabamisoba.

276 saqme #bs-318-318(k-18).277 saqme #bs-35-34 (3k-17).278 saqme #bs-855-847(k-16).


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saapelacio sasamarTlos gadawyvetilebis/ganCinebis gauqmebis da saqmis xelaxlagansaxilvelad gansjad sasamarTloSi dabrunebis aucilebloba gamoiwvia aseve sa-apelacio sasamarTlos mier samarTalwarmoebis wesebis darRveviT davis gadawyve-tam, kerZod, sagnobrivi gansjadobis wesebis darRveviT saqmis ganxilvam da gadaw-yvetilebis gamotanam. erT-erT aseT saqmeSi279 davis sagans warmoadgenda q. baTumismeriisTvis Sps-Tan gaformebuli miwis nakveTis sasyidliani aRnagobis uflebiT sar-geblobaSi gadacemis Sesaxeb xelSekrulebis Sewyvetis davaldebuleba; xolo meore Sem-TxvevaSi280 davis sagani iyo _ Sps-Tvis q. Tbilisis meriis sasargeblod aRnagobis safa-suris da pirgasamtexlos dakisreba. sakasacio sasamarTlos ganmartebiT, marTalia,sadavo sakiTxebi formalurad administraciul davas emsgavseboda, Tumca mniSvnelo-vani iyo ara davis formaluri mxare, aramed misi Sinaarsi da safuZvlebi. miuxedavadimisa, rom xelSekrulebis erT-erT mxares administraciuli organo warmoadgenda, xel-Sekruleba ar aRWuravda pirs sajaro-samarTlebrivi ufleba-movaleobiT. mocemulSemTxvevebSi xelSekrulebis mxare administraciul organos ar mouxdenia administra-ciuli organosaTvis kanonmdeblobiT miniWebuli sajaro-samarTlebrivi uflebamo-silebis ganxorcieleba, man moaxdina kerZo-samarTlebrivi uflebis realizacia. erTSemTxvevaSi q. baTumis meriis mier Sps-Tan miwis nakveTis sasyidliani aRnagobis ufle-biT sargeblobaSi gadacemis Sesaxeb xelSekrulebis gaformeba, xolo meore SemTxveva-Si Tbilisis meriis mier Sps-Tvis aRnagobis safasurisa da pirgasamtexlos anazRaure-bis moTxovna ar gulisxmobda mxareebs Soris vertikaluri, qvemdebareobiTi urTier-Tobis arsebobas, am SemTxvevebSi administraciuli organo ar gvevlineboda rogorcsajaro uflebamosilebis imperatiuli nebis gamomxatveli subieqti. sakasacio sasa-marTlom miuTiTa, rom administraciuli xelSekrulebis dadebis Sedegad Sesabamisipiri aRiWurveba sajaro-samarTlebrivi ufleba-movaleobebiT, xolo kerZo-samar-Tlebrivi xelSekrulebis dadebisas mxareebi gvevlinebian samoqalaqo-samarTlebri-vi ufleba-movaleobebis matareblebad. amasTan, administraciuli xelSekrulebis sa-moqalaqo-samarTlebrivi xelSekrulebisagan gamijvnisaTvis, xelSekrulebis miznis dasagnis analizis garda, mniSvneloba aqvs xelSekrulebis dadebas administraciuli ka-nonmdeblobis safuZvelze, xelSekrulebis dadebis Sedegad administraciuli orga-nosaTvis administraciuli aqtis gamocemis an qmedebis (realaqtis) ganxorcielebis mo-valeobis warmoqmnas, xelSekrulebis dadebis Sedegad mxaris sajaro-samarTlebriviufleba-movaleobebiT aRWurvas, rasac mocemul SemTxvevebSi adgili ar hqonda. mxa-reTa Soris dadebuli xelSekrulebidan gamomdinare, administraciulma organom ker-Zo pirs, Sesabamisi safasuris sanacvlod, aRnagobis uflebiT sargeblobaSi gadascauZravi qoneba. amasTan, sakasacio sasamarTlom xazgasmiT aRniSna, rom mocemuli sakiT-xebi exeboda saxelmwifo qonebis kerZo pirisTvis sargeblobis uflebiT gadacemas daara saxelmwifo qonebis gansaxelmwifoebriobas, sakuTrebaSi kerZo pirisTvis gadace-mas, rac administraciuli samarTalwarmoebis wesiT ganixileba. amdenad, sakasacio sa-samarTlom miiCnia, rom dasaxelebuli saqmeebi ganxiluli iyo saqarTvelos adminis-traciuli saproceso kodeqsis me-2 da 26-e muxlebis, aseve saqarTvelos samoqalaqosaproceso kodeqsis me-11 muxliT dadgenili gansjadobis wesebis darRveviT, vinaidansaqme eqvemdebareboda samoqalaqo samarTalwarmoebis wesiT ganxilvas, ris gamoc saq-meebi xelaxali ganxilvisaTvis gadaeca gansjad sasamarTloebs _ quTaisis saapelaciosasamarTlos samoqalaqo saqmeTa palatas da Tbilisis saapelacio sasamarTlos samo-qalaqo saqmeTa palatas.

gansjadoba

administraciul saqmeTa palatam 2017-2018 wlebSi gadawyvita araerTi dava gansja-dobis sakiTxTan dakavSirebiT. sasamarTloebs Soris gansjadobis wesebis mixed-viT davebis ganawileba emsaxureba marTlmsajulebis adgilze xelmisawvdomobis,



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procesis ekonomiurobis da operatiulobis, sasamarTloebs Soris datvirTvis Ta-nabari ganawilebis uzrunvelyofas, ra drosac gaTvaliswinebul unda iqnes agreT-ve sajaro mmarTvelobis ganxorcielebis forma, principebi, administraciuli or-ganos teritoriuli dayofis miznebi, konkretuli davis Taviseburebebi.

sakasacio sasamarTlos mier mniSvnelovani Sefasebebi mieca sasamarTloTa Soris gan-sjadobasTan dakavSirebul sadavo sakiTxebs da rig SemTxvevebSi gamoikveTa axali mid-gomebi. kerZod, saerTo wesis Tanaxmad, sarCeli wardgenili unda iqnes mopasuxis _ ad-ministraciuli organos adgilmdebareobis mixedviT (sssk-is me-15 muxli). amdenad, Tusxva ram ar aris dadgenili, teritoriuli iurisdiqcia ekuTvnis im sasamarTlos, rom-lis samoqmedo teritoriazec ganlagebulia administraciuli organo. sakasacio sa-samarTlom am principidan gandgoma gamonaklisis wesiT, sasamarTloebs Soris Tana-zomieri datvirTvis mosazrebidan da sajaro reestris organizaciuli mowyobidan ga-momdinare, dauSva saqarTvelos iusticiis saministros ssip sajaro reestris erovnu-li saagentos da mis sistemaSi Semavali regionaluri ofisebisa da filialebis mimarTaRZrul sarCelebze.281 sakasacio sasamarTlos miTiTebiT, sakuTrebis uflebasTan da-kavSirebul ssip sajaro reestris erovnuli saagentosa da mis sistemaSi Semavali re-gionuli ofisebisa da filialebis mimarT aRZrul sarCelebze gamoyenebul unda iqnessaqarTvelos samoqalaqo saproceso kodeqsis me-18 muxliT gaTvaliswinebuli nivTob-rivi gansjadobis wesebi, romlis Tanaxmad, sarCelis gansjadi sasamarTlos gansazRvraunda moxdes sadavo qonebis adgilmdebareobis mixedviT. sakasacio sasamarTlos gan-martebiT, sasamarTloebs Soris gansjadobis sakiTxis amgvari gadawyveta xels uwyobsmarTlmsajulebis adgilze xelmisawvdomobis uzrunvelyofas, procesis ekonomiuro-basa da operatiulobas, administraciuli kategoriis saqmeTa diversifikacias, sasa-marTloebs Soris datvirTvis Tanabar ganawilebas.

administraciul saqmeTa palatam imsjela agreTve administraciuli xelSekrulebisSesrulebidan gamomdinare warmoSobili davebis teritoriuli gansjadobis Sesaxeb.erT-erT saqmeSi,282 sasarCelo moTxovnas warmoadgenda mimwodeblis mier sayovelTaojanmrTelobis dacvis saxelmwifo programis farglebSi nakisri valdebulebebis ara-jerovani Sesrulebis gamo gamocemuli sadavo aqtebis kanoniereba, kerZod, sasarCelomoTxovna ukavSirdeboda zemoxsenebuli programiT gaTvaliswinebul sajarimo sanqci-aTa baTilad cnobas. sakasacio sasamarTlos mier Sesabamis normebze miTiTebiT dad-ginda, rom ssip socialuri momsaxurebis saagentosa da sayovelTao jandacvis saxel-mwifo programaSi nebayoflobiT monawile samedicino dawesebulebebs Soris arsebu-li samarTlebrivi urTierToba saxelSekrulebo urTierTobas warmoadgenda, xolosadavod qceuli aqtebi ki swored aRniSnuli xelSekrulebis danawesebidan gamomdina-reobda. amasTan, mosarCelis sasarCelo gancxadeba samedicino dawesebulebis filia-lis saqmianobasTan dakavSirebiT iqna wardgenili, xolo filialis adgilmdebareobaxelSekrulebis Sesrulebis adgils emTxveoda. amdenad,sakasacio sasamarTlos mier ga-nisazRvra, rom adgili hqonda saqarTvelos samoqalaqo saproceso kodeqsis me-15 mux-liT (saerTo gansjadoba) dadgenili teritoriuli gansjadobis zogadi wesisa da ama-ve kodeqsis me-16 muxlis me-2 da me-3 nawilebiT (gansakuTrebuli gansjadoba) dadgeni-li gansjadobis specialuri wesis konkurencias, ra drosac upiratesoba swored spe-cialuri wesebis damdgen danawesebs unda miniWeboda, ris gamoc sarCeli xelSekrule-bis Sesrulebis adgilisa da filialis adgilmdebareobis mixedviT Sesabamis sasamar-Tlos daeqvemdebara. msgavs SemTxvevebSi amave wesiT gadawyda araerTi dava terito-riuli gansjadobis Sesaxeb.283 sxva saqmeSi palatam ganmarta agreTve samxedro mosamsa-xurisaTvis dakisrebul saxelSekrulebo valdebulebaTa Sesrulebis adgilis dadge-

281 saqme #bs-952-943(g-16); saqme #bs-960-951(g-16); saqme #bs-439-436(g-17); saqme#bs-715-711(g-17); saqme #bs-639-635(g-17); saqme #bs-597-594(g-17); saqme #bs-984-980(g-17); saqme #bs-629-625(g-17); saqme bs-716-712(g-17); saqme bs-613-610(g-17); saqme bs-983-979(g-17).

282 saqme #bs-284-284(g-18).283 saqme #bs-342-342(g-18); #bs- 649-649(g-18); #bs-695-695(g-18).


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nis Taviseburebebi.284

saxelSekrulebo urTierTobidan gamomdinare, saqmeebSi xSir SemTxvevaSi xdeba daviswamowyeba sagnobriv gansjadobazec, radgan praqtikaSi xelSekrulebis administraci-uli Tu samoqalaqo kategoriisadmi kuTvnilebis dadgena ar aris calsaxa da xSiraddakavSirebulia sirTuleebTan. magaliTad, 2017 wels ganxilul erT-erT saqmeSi285 sa-dazRvevo kompania q. Tbilisis meriisagan iTxovda municipalitetis mier socialuraddaucveli mosaxleobis dazRvevis xelSekrulebidan gamomdinare Tanxis anazRaurebas.sakasacio palatam aRniSnuli xelSekruleba CaTvala administraciul xelSekrulebadda ganmarta, rom socialuri saxelmwifo aris mmarTvelobis forma, romelSic saxel-mwifo zrunavs moqalaqeebis ekonomikur da socialur keTildReobaze, aRniSnuli fun-qciis farglebSi saxelmwifo materialurad exmareba socialurad daucvel mosaxle-obas, uwesebs maT sxvadasxva SeRavaTebs, rasac axorcielebs aRmasrulebeli xelisuf-lebis organoebis, adgilobrivi TviTmmarTvelobis organoebisa da iuridiuli pire-bis meSveobiT. janmrTelobis dacvis ufleba socialuri uflebaa, samedicino dazRve-va aris mosaxleobis janmrTelobis dacvis socialuri garantia. municipalitetis mi-er sazogadoebis im jgufebis samedicino dazRveva, romelTac saTanado samedicino dax-marebis miReba ar SeuZliaT mZime materialuri mdgomareobis gamo, ar iqna ganxilulikerZo-samarTlebriv xelSekrulebad, radgan mimarTuli iyo konstituciiTa da kanon-mdeblobiT ganmtkicebuli, saxelmwifos erT-erTi prioritetuli _ socialuri fun-qciis ganxorcielebisaken. sajaro uflebamosilebis ganxorcielebis mizani swored ad-ministraciuli organos uflebamosilebas mikuTvnebuli ZiriTadi, uSualo funqciisganxorcielebisken mimarTul saqmianobas gulisxmobs, rasac mocemul SemTxvevaSi hqon-da adgili. is, rom saxelmwifo uSualod ar axdenda mosaxleobis samedicino momsaxu-rebaze gaweuli faqtobrivi xarjis anazRaurebas da debda samedicino dazRvevis xel-Sekrulebas, ar iqna miCneuli xelSekrulebis samoqalaqo-samarTlebrivi xasiaTis da-madasturebel garemoebad, radgan organo Tavis funqciebs axorcielebs uSualod anmesame pirebis meSveobiT. msgavsi Sinaarsis xelSekrulebidan gamomdinare, Tanxis da-kisrebis Sesaxeb davis sagnobriv gansjadobaze ismjela sakasacio palatam 2018 wel-sac,286 sasamarTlom kvlav gaamaxvila yuradReba saxelmwifos socialur funqciebis gan-xorcielebis mizniT dadebuli xelSekrulebebis administraciul xasiaTze. xelSekru-lebis Sinaarsisa da dadebis miznis gaTvaliswinebiT, sagnobrivi gansjadobis sakiT-xze, sakasacio palatam imsjela sxva araerT davaSic.287

mniSvnelovani ganmartebebi gakeTda saqmeSi,288 romelSic sagnobrivi gansjadoba iyo ga-dasawyveti, sakasacio palatam gansjadobis sakiTxis gadawyvetamde uwyebrivi qvemde-barobis sakiTxis gansazRvris mniSvnelobaze gaamaxvila yuradReba. palatam aRniSna,rom Sualeduri aqti damoukideblad ar axdens mosarCeleTa kanonieri uflebebisa dainteresebis xelyofas, amgvari aqtis/qmedebis gasaCivreba SesaZlebelia mxolod admi-nistraciuli warmoebis Sedegad gamocemul, mxarisaTvis uSualo Sedegis warmomSobindividualur administraciul-samarTlebriv aqtTan erTad. viTareba ar icvleba iseTSemTxvevaSic, rodesac aRniSnuli Sualeduri qmedeba/aqti SesaZloa dainteresebulipiris moTxovnis dakmayofilebaze uaris Tqmis mizezi gaxdes. palatam aRniSna, rom dis-kriminaciis faqtis dadgena da aqtis baTilad cnobis moTxovna an aqtis gamocemis da-valebis moTxovna urTierTdakavSirebuli moTxovnebia da maTi ganxilva erToblivadunda moxdes, Tumca diskriminaciul qmedebas adgili SeiZleba hqondes rogorc kerZo-samarTlebriv, aseve sajaro sferoSi, rogorc kerZo piris, ise administraciuli or-ganos mxridan, Sesabamisad, diskriminaciasTan dakavSirebuli saqmeebi SesaZloa iyos

284 saqme #bs-621-621(g-18).285 saqme #bs-212-211(g-16).286 saqme #bs-1-1(g-18).287 saqme #bs-832-824(g-16); #bs-923-915(g-16); #bs-1138-1132(g-17).288 saqme #bs-377-374(g-17).


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rogorc samoqalaqo, aseve administraciuli kategoriis saqmeTa ganmxilveli sasamar-Tlos gansjadi. dauSveblad iqna miCneuli diskriminaciis sakiTxTan dakavSirebiT war-moSobili yvela davis samoqalaqo saqmeTa ganmxilveli sasamarTloebis iurisdiqcia-Si moqceva, radgan aRniSnuli gamoiwvevs sajaro mmarTvelobis kanonierebis yvelazeaqtualuri sakiTxebis administraciuli kategoriis saqmeTa ganmxilveli sasamarTlo-ebis iurisdiqciis sferodan gamosvlas.

sagnobrivi gansjadobis Taobaze araerTi dava warmoiSoba agreTve samsaxuridan gaTa-visuflebis kanonierebis dadgenis mizniT aRZrul sarCelebze. magaliTad, 2017 welsganxilul erT-erT saqmeSi,289 sadac piri gaTavisuflebuli iyo saministros saqveuwye-bo dawesebulebidan, sakasacio palatam ganmarta, rom administraciul organoSi da-saqmebuli yvela piri ar miiCneva sajaro moxeled, piris moxeled miCnevisaTvis undadadgindes misi samsaxurSi miRebis samarTlebrivi safuZvlebi da mis mier ganxorcie-lebuli ufleba-movaleobebis Sinaarsi, radgan dawesebulebaSi SesaZloa dasaqmebu-li iyos araerTi teqnikuri muSaki an sxva piri, romelic ar iRebs monawileobas dawese-bulebis sajaro-samarTlebrivi funqciebis ganxorcielebaSi. palatam erTmaneTisagangamijna sajaro moxele da StatgareSe mosamsaxure, yuradReba gaamaxvila maT funqci-ebs, samarTlebriv statussa da dasaqmebis safuZvels Soris arsebul gansxvavebebze.

sxva saqmeSi290 sarCeli aRZruli iyo sajaro samarTlis iuridiuli piridan dasaqmebu-lis gaTavisuflebis gamo. sakasacio palatam, uzenaesi sasamarTlos dadgenil praqti-kaze miTiTebiT aRniSna, rom sagnobrivi gansjadobis Sesaxeb davis gadawyvetisTvis mniS-vneloba eniWeba sadavo aqtebis gamocemis safuZvlebs, samarTalurTierTobis subieq-tis moqmedebis formas. piris gaTavisuflebis Sesaxeb brZaneba ar iqna miCneuli admi-nistraciul aqtad, radgan igi gamocemuli iyo kerZo-samarTlebrivi kanonmdeblobissafuZvelze. ganCinebaSi yuradReba gamaxvilda ssip-Si dasaqmebuli pirebis samarTleb-riv statussa da funqciebze, ganimarta, rom mxolod individualuri administraciul-samarTlebrivi aqtis formaluri rekvizitebis qona da dasaxeleba, saTanado Sinaar-sobrivi datvirTvis gareSe, aseve dasaqmebis procedurebis formalurad sajaro ka-nonmdeblobiT dadgenili wesiT Catareba, dokuments ver aqcevs administraciul aq-tad. palatam, iseve rogorc sxva araerT ganCinebaSi, xazi gausva davis ganmxilveli sa-samarTlos kompetenciis sisrules, rogorc kerZo, aseve sajaro-samarTlebrivi nor-mebis srulad gamoyenebis SesaZleblobas, ganimarta gansjadobis Sesaxeb davis wamow-yebasTan dakavSirebiT samoqalaqo saqmis ganmxilveli mosamarTlis kompetenciis far-glebi.

sxva SromiT davebSi291 Sesamowmebeli iyo erT-erTi skolis direqtoris ganTavisufle-bis kanoniereba. sakasacio palatam imsjela aRniSnuli saqmis sagnobrivi gansjadobissakiTxze da dava miiCnia samoqalaqo-samarTlebrivad, msgavsi davebis gansjadobis wes-Tan dakavSirebiT kanonmdeblobaSi pirdapiri da erTmniSvnelovani Canaweris arsebo-bis gamo. palatam aRniSna, rom sxvadasxva qveynis administraciuli iusticiis organo-ebis kompetencia Sedgeba kanonebiT da sasamarTlo praqtikiT, istoriuli metamorfo-zebiT damkvidrebuli saerTo da sagamonakliso wesebisagan, sagamonakliso wesebi zog-jer afarToeben an zRudaven administraciuli marTlmsajulebis iurisdiqcias, Tum-ca kanonismieri gansjadobis imperatiuli wesi ar iZleva administraciuli sasamarTlo-warmoebis iurisdiqciis gafarToebis SesaZleblobas, saamisod saWiroa kanonSi cvli-lebis Setana.

289 saqme #bs-893-885(g-16).290 saqme #bs-221-221(g-18).291 saqme #bs-203-203(g-18); #bs-204-204(g-18).


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saproceso xarjebi

sakasacio sasamarTlos mier gamaxvilda yuradReba sasamarTlo xarjebis ganawilebiskanonierebis sakiTxze. magaliTad, erT-erT davaze292 arsebiTad swori da dasabuTebu-li gadawyvetilebis miRebis miuxedavad arasworad iyo gadawyvetili saxelmwifo ba-Jis ganawilebis sakiTxi, ramac aRniSnul nawilSi saapelacio sasamarTlos gadawyve-tilebis gauqmeba gamoiwvia. saapelacio sasamarTlom ugulebelyo sask-is me-9 muxlisdanawesi, romlis Tanaxmad, saxelmwifo baJis gadaxdisgan gaTavisuflebulia socia-luri kategoriis saqmeebi. aRniSnul SemTxvevaSi sarCeli aRZruli iyo swored saxel-mwifo socialuri dacvis sakiTxTan dakavSirebiT, Sesabamisad, ar arsebobda romelimemxaris mier saxelmwifo baJis gadaxdis saWiroeba, Tumca mosarCelem saxelmwifo baJimainc gadaixada. sarCelis dakmayofilebis gamo, saapelacio sasamarTlom mosarCelismier gadaxdili baJis gadaxda mopasuxe administraciul organos daakisra maSin, ro-desac davis sagnis gamo baJis gadaxdisgan gaTavisuflebul saqmeze mosarCelis mierbaJis gadaxda iwvevs gadaxdili Tanxis ara mopasuxisaTvis dakisrebas, aramed Secdo-miT gadaxdili baJis biujetidan dabrunebas.

aris SemTxvevebi, rodesac materialur-samarTlebrivi kuTxiT davis sworad gadawyve-tis miuxedavad xarvezebiT xdeba saproceso xarjebis ganawileba, magaliTad, 2017 welsganxilul erT-erT davaze293 mxares arasworad eTqva uari advokatis xarjis anazRau-rebaze, ris gamoc aRniSnul nawilSi saasacio saCivari daSvebul iqna da axali gadaw-yvetilebiT mosarCeles aunazRaurda gaweuli saadvokato momsaxurebis xarji, rad-gan saapelacio palatis mier aqtis baTilad cnobis Taobaze sasarCelo moTxovnaze saq-mis warmoeba Sewyda mopasuxis mier aqtis Tavisi iniciativiT gauqmebis gamo, amasTana-ve, dasturdeboda mosarCelis mier saadvokato momsaxurebis xarjis gaweva.

saqmeze, sadac sasarCelo moTxovnas sajaro informaciis gacema da warmomadgenlobi-Ti momsaxurebis xarjis anazRaureba warmoadgenda, sakasacio sasamarTlom mniSvnelo-vani ganmarteba gaakeTa warmomadgenlis daxmarebisaTvis gaweuli xarjebis anazRa-urebasTan dakavSirebiT da aRniSnul nawilSi saapelacio sasamarTlos gadawyveti-lebis gauqmebiT saqmeze miiRo axali gadawyvetileba.294 sakasacio sasamarTlos ganmar-tebiT, mxarisaTvis warmomadgenlis daxmarebisaTvis gaweuli xarjebis dakisrebisas,aucilebelia, Sefaseba mieces amgvari xarjis gawevis aucileblobas da saWiroebas, pi-ris samarTlebriv mdgomareobas, romelic amgvari xarjis anazRaurebas moiTxovs e.i.unda Sefasdes faqtobrivi safuZveli, rac ganapirobebs warmomadgenlis daxmarebisaT-vis gaweuli xarjis anazRaurebis aucileblobas, miT ufro im odenobiT, romelsac mxa-re moiTxovs. sakasacio sasamarTlom aRniSna, rom mosarCele iTxovda organizaciis imwarmomadgenlobaze gaweuli xarjebis anazRaurebas, rac man gaswia sasamarTloSi darac misi, rogorc organizaciis ufrosis (xelmZRvanelobaze/warmomadgenlobaze uf-lebamosili piris) uSualo kanonismier valdebulebas warmoadgenda. amdenad, saxezeiyo im piris mier warmomadgenlobaze gaweuli xarjis anazRaurebis moTxovna, romel-mac kanonismieri valdebulebis safuZvelze saagentos interesebis dacvis mizniT war-momadgenlobiTi uflebamosileba ganaxorciela sasamarTloSi. Sesabamisad, sakasaciosasamarTlom miiCnia, rom mocemul SemTxvevaSi saxeze ar iyo `iuridiuli daxmareba~,rogorc advokatis xarjis anazRaurebis dakisrebis aucilebeli piroba. analogiuriganmarteba gaakeTa sakasacio palatam kidev erT saqmeze, romelSic sasarCelo moTxov-nas aseve sajaro informaciis gacema da warmomadgenlobiTi momsaxurebis xarjis anaz-Raureba warmoadgenda.295 pirveli instanciis sasamarTlom miuxedavad sarCelis dakma-yofilebisa uari uTxra mosarCeles warmomadgenlobiTi momsaxurebis xarjis anazRa-

292 saqme #bs-626-622(k-17).293 saqme #bs-135-134(k-ks-16).294 saqme #bs-918-910(k-16).295 saqme #bs-294-292(k-17).


129

urebaze, rac saapelacio palatam srulad daakmayofila, xolo sakasacio palatam aR-niSnuli moTxovnis nawilSi ar daakmayofila sarCeli.

SromiT davaze, romelSic mosarCelis sakasacio saCivari daSvebul iqna warmomadgen-lis daxmarebisaTvis gaweuli xarjis mopasuxeTaTvis dakisrebis moTxovnis nawilSi,sakasacio palatam miuTiTa qveda instanciis gadawyvetilebis sakasacio sasamarTloserTgvarovani praqtikisagan gansxvavebuli gadawyvetilebis miRebaze296 da mopasuxe ad-ministraciul organoebs mosarCelis sasargeblod daakisra saadvokato momsaxurebisxarji miuxedavad imisa, rom xarjis gawevis damadasturebeli mtkicebuleba _ advoka-tisaTvis Tanxis gadaxdis qviTari ar iyo warmodgenili.297

daskvna

daskvnis saxiT, daSvebuli da dauSvebeli sakasacio saCivrebis, 2017 da 2018 wlebSi ar-sebiTad ganxiluli saqmeebis Sesaxeb statistikuri monacemebis analizis safuZvelze,SeiZleba iTqvas, rom qveda instanciis sasamarTloebis mier saqmeTa ganxilvis xaris-xis, samarTlebrivi Sedegis dadgenis sisworis kuTxiT dadebiTi tendencia ikveTeba.Tumca, kvlavac rCeba garkveuli xarvezebi, romelTa ganmapirobebel erT-erT faqto-rad saqmeTa simravlis dasaxeleba SeiZleba.

sakasacio sasamarTlos mier arsebiTi ganxilvis Sedegad qveda instanciis sasamarTlosgadawyvetilebebis gauqmeba ganpirobebulia, zog SemTxvevaSi, qvemdgomi instanciis sa-samarTloebis mxridan materialur-samarTlebrivi normebis arasworad gamoyeneba-gan-martebiT, zogjer ki, saproceso-samarTlebrivi normebis darRveviT. saproceso dar-Rvevebs Soris ikveTeba SemTxvevebi, rodesac qveda instanciis sasamarTlos mier ar mox-da sarCelis dazustebasa da transformirebaSi mosarCelisaTvis daxmareba, saqmeSi sa-valdebulo mesame pirebis Cabma, sarCelis aRZvris miznisa da Sinaarsis gaazreba. da-fiqsirda aseve imgvari saproceso darRvevebi, rogoricaa mtkicebulebaTa arasruligamokvleva da Sefaseba, mtkicebis tvirTis arasworad ganawileba, administraciulisaproceso kanonmdeblobiT gaTvaliswinebuli inkviziciurobis principis gamoyenebiTsaqmeze damatebiTi mtkicebulebebis mouZiebloba, sask-is 32.4 muxlis saTanado wina-pirobebis arsebobis gareSe gamoyeneba, uzenaesi sasamarTlos mier dadgenili erTgva-rovani praqtikis gauTvaliswinebloba. garkveul SemTxvevebSi, sasamarTloebis mxri-dan arasworad xdeba sakiTxis gadasawyvetad saWiro normatiuli mowesrigebis moZie-ba, normaTa ganmarteba, Tumca SeimCneva kanonSesabamisi da dasabuTebuli gadawyveti-lebebis miRebis dadebiTi ganviTarebis tendencia.

296 saqme #bs-776-768(2k-4ks-15).297 saqme #bs-1158-1152(3k-17).


130

III. sisxlis samarTlis saqmeTa palata

saqarTvelos uzenaesi sasamarTlos sisxlis samarTlis saqmeTa sakasacio palataSi Se-mosul saqmeTa raodenoba 2017-2018 wlebSi TiTqmis Tanabaria, aseve TiTqmis TanabariasaqmeTa ganxilvis maCvenebelic. kerZod: 2017 wels uzenaesi sasamarTlos sisxlis sa-marTlis saqmeTa palataSi gansaxilvelad Semovida 870 saqme (damatebiT daumTavrebelsaqmeTa naSTi _ 395). aqedan, 717 sisxlis samarTlis saqme, 122 axlad gamovlenil gare-moebaTa gamo sasamarTlo warmoeba, 31 sxva kategoriis saqme. damTavrebul saqmeTa ra-odenoba 2017 wlis monacemebiT aris 913. aqedan, 712 sisxlis samarTlis saqme, 170 axladgamovlenil garemoebaTa gamo sasamarTlo warmoeba, sxva kategoriis saqmeebi 31. 712sisxlis samarTlis saqmidan 624-ze sakasacio saCivrebi cnobil iqna dauSveblad (87,6%),26 saqme datovebulia ucvlelad (3,7%), ganaCeni Seicvala 54 saqmeze (7,7%), 3 darCa ga-nuxilveli (0.4%), Sewyda 1 (0.1%), 3-ze gauqmda gamamtyunebeli ganaCeni da gamotaniliqna gamamarTlebeli ganaCeni (0.4%), 1-ze gauqmda gamamarTlebeli ganaCeni da gamota-nil iqna gamamtyunebeli ganaCeni (0.1%).

2018 wels uzenaesi sasamarTlos sisxlis samarTlis saqmeTa palataSi gansaxilveladSemovida 987 saqme (damatebiT daumTavrebel saqmeTa naSTi _ 349). aqedan, 836 sisxlissamarTlis saqme, 113 axlad gamovlenil garemoebaTa gamo sasamarTlo warmoeba, 38 sxvakategoriis saqme. damTavrebul saqmeTa raodenoba 2018 wels aris 904, aqedan, sisxlissamarTlis saqme 737, axlad gamovlenil garemoebaTa gamo sasamarTlo warmoeba 129, sxvakategoriis saqme _ 38. 737 sisxlis samarTlis saqmidan 654-ze sakasacio saCivrebi cno-bil iqna dauSveblad (88,7%), 11 datovebulia ucvlelad (1,5%), ganaCeni Seicvala 46saqmeze (6,2%), 10 darCa ganuxilveli (1.4%), Sewyda 2 (0.3%), 7-ze gauqmda gamamtyunebe-li ganaCeni da gamotanil iqna gamamarTlebeli (0.9%), 7-ze gauqmda gamamarTlebeli dagamotanil iqna gamamtyunebeli ganaCeni (0.9%).

2017-2018 wlebis saqmeTa analizic, rac detalurad qvemoT iqneba mocemuli, cxadyofs,rom xarvezebi, romlebic daSvebuli aqvT qveda instanciis sasamarTloebs TiTqmis er-Tgvarovania.

mtkicebulebaTa arasakmarisoba

2017 wels, sakasacio palatis mier saapelacio sasamarTlos gadawyvetilebebis Secvlaan gauqmeba ZiriTad SemTxvevaSi mtkicebulebaTa arasakmarisobis motiviTaa ganpiro-bebuli, ra drosac sakasacio palatam gonivrul eWvs miRma standartiT dadgeniladar miiCnia piris mier bralad Seracxuli qmedebis Cadena, ris gamoc gaauqma an bralde-bulebis sasikeTod Secvala gamamtyunebeli ganaCenebi. palatam yuradReba gaamaxvilamowmeTa Cvenebebis arasarwmunoobaze im motiviT, rom isini urTierTgamomricxavi, ara-logikuri an saqmis sxva mtkicebulebebTan araTavsebadi iyo. palatam xazi gausva pi-ris msjavrdebisaTvis erTi mtkicebulebis arasakmarisobasa da eWvis braldebulis sa-sargeblod gadawyvetis aucileblobas.298

2018 welsac saapelacio sasamarTlos gadawyvetilebebis Secvla an gauqmeba ZiriTa-dad mtkicebulebaTa arasakmarisobis motiviTaa ganpirobebuli. am SemTxvevaSic, saka-sacio palatam gonivrul eWvs miRma standartiT dadgenilad ar miiCnia piris mier bra-lad Seracxuli qmedebis Cadena, Sesabamisad, gaauqma an braldebulebis sasikeTod Sec-vala gamamtyunebeli ganaCenebi. aRniSnul saqmeebSi palatam imsjela mtkicebulebaTaSefasebis wesebze, miuTiTa, rom nivTmtkicebaTa mopoveba saeWvo garemoebebSi sando-obas ukargavs am nivTmtkicebas da, Sesabamisad, mis safuZvelze Catarebuli eqsperti-zebic samarTlebrivad uvargisia. palatam aRniSna, rom satelefono saubris arsebo-

298 saqme #570ap.-16; #4ap-17; #33ap-17; #291ap-17; #480ap.-16; #448ap-16; #527ap-16; #45ap-17;#462ap-16; #466ap-16; #560ap-16; #19ap-17; #62ap-17; #51ap-17.


131

bis faqti, misi Sinaarsis codnis gareSe, SeiZleba mxolod gamamyarebeli iyos bralde-bis sxva mtkicebulebebisa da ar SeiZleba damoukideblad amtkicebdes pirebs SorisdanaSaulze SeTanxmebis faqts. palatam kidev erTxel gausva xazi eWvis braldebulissasargeblod gadawyvetis princips da miuTiTa, rom piris msjavrdeba mxolod utyuarmtkicebulebebs unda efuZnebodes. palatam aRniSna, rom piris damnaSaved cnobisTvisaucilebelia utyuarad dasturdebodes rogorc qmedebis obieqturi, ise subieqturiSemadgenloba. palatam miuTiTa, rom mxolod erTi pirdapiri mtkicebulebis arsebobaar akmayofilebda gamamtyunebeli ganaCenisaTvis saWiro gonivrul eWvs miRma stan-darts. palatam imsjela aseve, urTierTgamomricxavi eqspertizebisa da mowmeTa Cve-nebebis saqmis sxva mtkicebulebebTan Seusabamobis arsebobisas gonivrul eWvs miRmastandartis daukmayofileblobis Sesaxeb.299 mtkicebulebaTa arasakmarisobis motiviTgadaakvalificira sakasacio palatam msjavrdebulis qmedeba gansakuTrebiT didi ode-nobiT narkotikuli saSualebis tranzitiT saerTaSoriso gadazidvis mcdelobidan gan-sakuTrebiT didi odenobiT narkotikuli saSualebis saqarTvelodan ukanono gatanismcdelobaze. amasTan, mocemul saqmeSi palatam aRniSna, rom saqarTvelos ssk-is 262-emuxli TavisTavad ar moicavs 260-e muxliT gaTvaliswinebuli danaSaulis Semadgenlo-basac, vinaidan saqarTveloSi narkotikuli saSualebis ukanono Semotana (mocemul Sem-TxvevaSi gatana) ucxo qveynidan warmoadgens saqarTvelos sisxlis samarTlis kodeq-siT gaTvaliswinebul damoukidebel danaSauls, romelsac win uswrebda msjavrdebu-lis mier sxva danaSaulis Cadena _ narkotikuli saSualebis ukanono SeZena da Senaxva;amitom Tu narkotikuli saSualebis ukanono Semotanas (mocemul SemTxvevaSi gatanas)saqarTveloSi win uswrebda am nivTierebis SeZena-Senaxva, samarTlebrivi kvalifika-cia unda moxdes danaSaulTa erTobliobiT _ saqarTvelos ssk-is 260-e da 262-e muxle-biT, Tumca palatam ver daamZima msjavrdebulis mdgomareoba braldebis mxaris moT-xovnis ararsebobis gamo.300

mtkicebulebaTa arasaTanado Sefaseba

zogierT saqmeze saapelacio sasamarTloTa gadawyvetilebebis pirTa sauaresod Sec-vla an gauqmeba gamoiwvia piris braleulobis damadasturebeli sakmarisi mtkicebu-lebebis arasaTanadod Sefasebam.301 TaRliTobis danaSaulis saqmeze sakasacio pala-tam ganmarta: is faqti, rom braldebulebma srulad daubrunes Tanxa ipoTekars, maTqmedebaSi ar gamoricxavda marTlsawinaaRmdego misakuTrebis mizans, radgan danaSau-li damTavrebuli iyo im momentidan, rodesac maT moatyues notariusi da sxva pirissaxeliT, motyuebiT gaaformes sesxisa da ipoTekis xelSekruleba, ris Sedegadac am pirsipoTekaris sasargeblod warmoeSva valdebuleba. sakasacio palatam aRniSna, rom TaR-liTobis SemadgenlobisaTvis mniSvneloba ar hqonda, Tu rodis, an saerTod daubrunaTu ara braldebulma nasesxebi Tanxa ipoTekars, vinaidan braldebulTa qmedebebiT zi-ani miadga ara ipoTekars, aramed _ mesame pirs, radgan misi uZravi qoneba daitvirTaipoTekiT da mas warmoeSva valdebuleba ipoTekaris sasargeblod.302 narkotikuli da-naSaulis saqmeze sakasacio palatam yuradReba gaamaxvila mowme policielebis Cvene-bebze da miuTiTa, rom policielTa Cvenebebis sandooba da utyuaroba unda SefasdesTiToeuli saqmis faqtobrivi garemoebebidan gamomdinare, imis mixedviT, Tu mTliano-baSi ramdenad keTilsindisierad, damoukideblad da miukerZoeblad mimdinareobda wi-nasasamarTlo gamoZieba. palatam aseve Seafasa biologiuri da daqtiloskopiuri eq-spertizebis daskvnebiT dadgenili faqtobrivi garemoebebi, rom gamosakvlev obieq-tze braldebulis genetikuri Tanamonawileoba ar gamovlinda da aseve, masze xelis Ti-Tis kvlebi saerTod ar aRmoCnda da aRniSna, rom mxolod miTiTebuli eqspertizis das-

299 saqme #393ap.-17; #507ap.-17; #549ap-17; #584ap-17; #19ap-18; #170ap-18; #5ap.-18; #308ap-18;#119ap-18; #288ap-18; #531ap.-17.

300 saqme #407ap-18.301 saqme #634ap-16; #114ap-17.302 saqme #112ap-17.


132

kvnebi, miT ufro im mocemulobiT, rodesac daskvnebis gamcemma eqspertebma ganmartes,Tu ra SemTxvevaSi da ra albaTobiT iyo SesaZlebeli, rom gamosakvlev obieqtze darCe-niliyo kvali da romeli garemoebebi gamoricxavda kvalis darCenis SesaZleblobas, arwarmoadgenda upirobod gamamarTlebeli ganaCenis gamotanis safuZvels.303

2018 welsac, saapelacio sasamarTloTa gadawyvetilebebis pirTa sauaresod Secvla angauqmeba gamoiwvia piris braleulobis damadasturebeli sakmarisi mtkicebulebebisarasaTanadod Sefasebam.304 l.k-s saqmeSi sakasacio sasamarTlom imsjela mtkicebule-baTa Sefasebis wesze, miuTiTa, Tu raoden mniSvnelovania maTi detaluri analizi damowmeTa Cvenebebis sandoobis Semowmeba maTi erTmaneTTan da saqmeSi arsebul sxva ut-yuar mtkicebulebebTan SejerebiT. sakasacio palatam miuTiTa: zogjer sasamarTloe-bi sakiTxs imis Taobaze, rom mowmis mier sasamarTloSi micemuli konkretuli infor-macia an saqmeSi arsebuli raime faqtobrivi monacemi warmoadgens pirdapir Tu iribCvenebas, an sxva pirdapir, Tu arapirdapir mtkicebulebas, wyveten am mtkicebulebiswarmoSobis wyaros, misi formirebis pirobebis, momxdari SemTxvevis ganviTarebisa dadanaSaulis Cadenis viTarebis Taviseburebebisa da specifikis gauTvaliswineblad.mxedvelobaSi unda viqonioT, rom ar arsebobs universaluri kriteriumebis safuZvel-ze Camoyalibebuli standarti, romelTan misadagebiTac ganvsazRvravT saqmeSi warmod-genili mtkicebuleba, maT Soris _ mowmis Cveneba, pirdapiria Tu iribi. calkeul Sem-TxvevaSi saamisod SesaZloa, saWiro gaxdes saqmis faqtobrivi garemoebebis siRrmiseu-li da mravalmxrivi analizi, mcdari da dausabuTebeli samarTlebrivi daskvnebis ga-motanis Tavidan asacileblad. mtkicebulebaTa obieqturi da kritikuli analizis sa-fuZvelze sakasacio palatam Secvala saapelacio sasamarTlos ganaCeni braldebulissauaresod da policiis ganyofilebis ufrosi damnaSaved cno samsaxurebrivi ufleba-mosilebis ZaladobiT gadametebaSi, rac gamoixata advokatis cemaSi samsaxurebrivi uf-lebamosilebis Sesrulebisas.305

materialuri da saproceso normebis araswori ganmartebada gamoyeneba

sakasacio palatam msjavrdebul pirTa qmedeba saqarTvelos ssk-is 150-e muxlis pirve-li nawilidan (iZuleba) gadaakvalificira ssk-is 143-e muxlze (Tavisuflebis ukanonoaRkveTa). palatam ganmarta, rom Tavisuflebis ukanono aRkveTa miekuTvneba formalurdanaSaulTa kategorias da igi damTavrebulia Tavisuflebis ukanono aRkveTis momen-tidan, romlis xangrZlivobas qmedebis kvalifikaciisaTvis mniSvneloba ara aqvs. amavesaqmeSi sakasacio palatam miiCnia, rom msjavrdebulTa qmedeba ar iyo winaswari SeTan-xmebiT jgufis mier Cadenili da ganmarta: jgufis mier winaswari SeTanxmebiT danaSau-li maSin CaiTvleba Cadenilad, rodesac aseTi SeTanxmeba danaSaulSi monawile pirebsSoris miRweulia da arsebobs sisxlis samarTlis kodeqsis kerZo nawilis Sesabamis mux-lSi miTiTebuli qmedebis Semadgenlobis ganxorcielebis dawyebamde, xolo im SemTxve-vaSi, rodesac uSualod danaSaulis dawyebis Semdeg, Tundac erT-erTi amsrulebelidaiwyebs qmedebis Semadgenlobis ganxorcielebas, misi Cadenis procesSi damnaSaveTaSoris SeTanxmeba erToblivi moqmedebis Taobaze ar SeiZleba CaiTvalos winaswar Se-Tanxmebad, vinaidan, winaaRmdeg SemTxvevaSi, saerTod ver iarsebebda saqarTvelos sis-xlis samarTlis kodeqsis 27-e muxlis pirveli nawiliT gaTvaliswinebuli iseTi Sem-Txveva, rogoricaa winaswar SeuTanxmeblad jgufis mier danaSaulis Cadena, romelSicerToblivad monawileobda ori an meti amsrulebeli.306

sakasacio palatam nawilobriv daakmayofila prokuroris sakasacio saCivari da msjav-

303 saqme #96ap-17.304 saqme #117ap-18; #269ap.-18.305 saqme #231ap.-18.306 saqme #75ap-17.


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rdebuls daumZima sasjeli, vinaidan saapelacio palatam arasworad gamoiyena saqar-Tvelos ssk-is 50-e muxlis me-5 nawilis danawesi, romlis Tanaxmad, saproceso SeTan-xmebis dadebis garda, Tu Cadenilia naklebad mZime danaSauli, pirobiT msjavrad SeiZ-leba CaiTvalos daniSnuli sasjelis naxevari. mocemul SemTxvevaSi msjavrdebuls Ca-denili hqonda naklebad mZime kategoriis danaSauli, risTvisac pirobiT msjavrad masCaeTvala daniSnuli sasjelis naxevarze meti, rac ar Seesabameboda ssk-is 50-e muxlisme-5 nawilis moTxovnas.307

gasaCivrebuli ganaCenidan amoiricxa saqarTvelos ssk-is 111 muxlze miTiTeba, rogorcojaxis wevris mimarT Cadenil danaSaulze. sakasacio palatam ganmarta, rom saqarTve-los ssk-is 111 muxlis pirveli nawilis Tanaxmad, ojaxuri danaSauli niSnavs ojaxis er-Ti wevris mier ojaxis sxva wevris mimarT am kodeqsis Sesabamisi muxlebiT gaTvaliswi-nebuli danaSaulis Cadenas. ojaxuri danaSaulisaTvis sisxlissamarTlebrivi pasuxis-mgebloba ganisazRvreba saqarTvelos sisxlis samarTlis kodeqsis saTanado muxliT,saqarTvelos ssk-is 111 muxlze miTiTebiT. sakasacio palatam dadgenilad miiCnia, rommsjavrdebuli da dazaralebuli ar imyofebodnen kanoniT gansazRvruli wesiT regis-trirebul qorwinebaSi, ris gamoc, aRniSnuli normis moTxovnidan gamomdinare, daza-ralebuli ver CaiTvleboda msjavrdebulis ojaxis wevrad _ meuRled. garda amisa, isiniaseve ver CaiTvlebodnen saqarTvelos ssk-is 111 muxliT gaTvaliswinebul iseT pire-bad, romlebic mudmivad eweodnen erTian saojaxo meurneobas, vinaidan maTi Tanacxov-rebis periodi Seadgenda mxolod 5-6 dRes, rac ar SeiZleba miCneuliyo mudmivi saoja-xo meurneobisaTvis saWiro aucilebel drod.308

sakasacio palata ar daeTanxma saapelacio sasamarTlos msjavrdebulTaTvis saqarTve-los ssk-is 260-e muxlis 1-li nawiliT gaTvaliswinebuli danaSaulisTvis sasjelis sa-xiT jarimis Sefardebis nawilSi da miuTiTa, rom vinaidan saqarTvelos sakonstitu-cio sasamarTlom 2016 wlis 26 Tebervlis ganCinebiT arakonstituciurad cno saqar-Tvelos ssk-is 260-e muxlis 1-li nawilis is normatiuli Sinaarsi, romelic iTvaliswi-nebda sisxlissamarTlebrivi sasjelis saxiT Tavisuflebis aRkveTis gamoyenebis Se-saZleblobas narkotikuli saSualeba _ gamomSrali ̀ marixuanis~ piradi moxmarebis miz-niT ukanono SeZena-Senaxvis gamo, xolo alternatiuli saxis sanqcia muxliT ar iyo gaT-valiswinebuli, msjavrdebulTa mimarT gamoyenebuli ver iqneboda sasjelis sxva ro-melime saxe, ris gamoc msjavrdebulebi cnobil iqnen damnaSaved saqarTvelos ssk-is260-e muxlis 1-li nawiliT sasjelis dauniSnavad.309

sakasacio palatam Secvala Tbilisis saapelacio sasamarTlos sisxlis samarTlis saq-meTa palatis ganaCeni, romliTac dadgenilad iyo miCneuli, rom pirma saqarTvelos sis-xlis samarTlis kodeqsis 260-e muxlis me-3 nawilis ̀ a~ da ̀ e~ qvepunqtebiT gaTvaliswi-nebuli danaSauli Caidina wina ganaCeniT dadgenili gamosacdeli vadis gasvlamde. mi-uxedavad amisa, saapelacio sasamarTlom ar daakmayofila braldebis mxaris saapela-cio saCivari, romliTac apelanti iTxovda piris mimarT pirobiTi msjavris gauqmebasada sasjelis daniSvnas ganaCenTa erTobliobis wesiT. saapelacio sasamarTlos sisxlissamarTlis saqmeTa palatam braldebis mxares misi saapelacio saCivris moTxovnis ar-sebiT ganxilvasa da, Sesabamisad, saCivris dakmayofilebaze uari uTxra Semdegi moti-viT: saqarTvelos sisxlis samarTlis saproceso kodeqsis 298-e muxlis meoTxe nawilisTanaxmad, saapelacio sasamarTlos ufleba aqvs, daniSnos ufro mkacri sasjeli an sxvagziT gaauaresos msjavrdebulis mdgomareoba, Tu braldebis mxarem Seitana saapela-cio saCivari swored am moTxovniT da Tu mas aseTi pozicia ekava pirveli instanciissasamarTloSi. mocemul SemTxvevaSi ki pirveli instanciis sasamarTloSi braldebismxares sasjelTan dakavSirebiT aranairi pozicia ar daufiqsirebia. sakasacio palatammiuTiTa, rom mocemul SemTxvevaSi sakiTxi exeboda sisxlis samarTlis kodeqsis impe-

307 saqme #553ap-16.308 saqme #487ap-16.309 saqme #483ap-16.


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ratiuli moTxovnis darRvevas pirobiTi msjavris gauqmebis Sesaxeb. sasamarTlos val-debuleba, gaauqmos pirobiTi msjavri, ar aris damokidebuli prokuroris poziciazeda im SemTxvevaSi, rodesac braldebis mxaris mier warmodgenilia mtkicebulebebi, rom-lebiTac dasturdeba piris mier ganzraxi danaSaulis Cadena gamosacdel vadaSi, sasa-marTlos mier pirobiTi msjavris argauqmebiT arsebiTad irRveva materialuri kanoni,risi gasaCivrebis uflebac braldebis mxares ver SeezRudeba. aRniSnulidan gamomdi-nare, palatam miuTiTa, rom saapelacio sasamarTlos arsebiTad unda emsjela bralde-bis mxaris saapelacio saCivarSi sasamarTlos mier daSvebuli ukanonobis Taobaze daganexila mxaris moTxovna mis mimarT pirobiTi msjavris gauqmebisa da ganaCenTa erTob-liobis wesiT sasjelis daniSvnis Sesaxeb. saqarTvelos ssk-is 67-e muxlis me-5 nawiliTdadgenilia, rom pirobiT msjavrdebulis mier gamosacdel vadaSi axali ganzraxi da-naSaulis Cadenis nebismier SemTxvevaSi, pirobiTi msjavri gauqmebulad unda CaiTva-los da axali danaSaulisaTvis sasjelis Sefardebisas sasamarTlom unda gamoiyenosganaCenTa erTobliobis wesi, saqarTvelos ssk-is 59-e muxlis me-5 nawiliT gaTvaliswi-nebuli pirobebis dacviT.310

sakasacio palatam Secvala saapelacio sasamarTlos ganaCeni g.C-s saqmezec, vinaidansaapelacio palatam amouricxa pirs bralad Seracxuli makvalificirebeli garemoebamxolod im motiviT, rom bralis dadgenilebaSi ar iyo gadatanili muxlis dispozicia,rasTan dakavSirebiTac sakasacio palatam miuTiTa, rom saqarTvelos sssk-is 169-e mux-lis me-3 nawilis `b~ da `d~ qvepunqtebSi, romlebic gansazRvraven piris braldebis Se-saxeb dadgenilebis savaldebulo rekvizitebs, ar aris miTiTebuli braldebis am do-kumentSi samarTlebrivi Sefasebis saxiT Sesabamis sisxlissamarTlebriv normaSi mo-cemuli dispoziciis Sinaarsis gadmocemis valdebulebaze da am ukanasknelze, rogorcsavaldebulo rekvizitze. am saproceso normis `b~ qvepunqtSi aRniSnulia, rom xsene-bul dadgenilebaSi miTiTebuli unda iyos braldebis formulireba _ inkriminirebu-li qmedebis aRwera, misi Cadenis adgili, dro, xerxi, saSualeba da iaraRi, agreTve, amqmedebiT gamowveuli Sedegi. rac Seexeba imave saproceso normis `d~ qvepunqts, masSinaTqvamia, rom piris braldebis Sesaxeb dadgenilebaSi miTiTebuli unda iyos saqar-Tvelos sisxlis samarTlis kodeqsis muxli, nawili da qvepunqti, romlebiTac gaTva-liswinebulia Cadenili danaSauli. am mimarTebiT raime sxva moTxovnas sssk-is 169-e mux-lis me-3 nawili braldebis mxares ar uyenebs. palatam aRniSna, rom, marTalia, umrav-les SemTxvevaSi, rogorc piris braldebis Sesaxeb dadgenilebebSi, aseve maT Sesabami-sad gamotanil gamamtyunebel ganaCenebSi, garda zemoaRniSnuli rekvizitebisa, miTi-Tebulia aseve Sesabamisi sisxlissamarTlebrivi normis dispoziciazec, magram aseTimiTiTeba mxolod sagamoZiebo da sasamarTlo praqtikiTaa damkvidrebuli, Tumca isarc amJamad warmoadgens da arc winaT warmoadgenda saproceso kanonmdeblobiT gaT-valiswinebul savaldebulo moTxovnas. ra Tqma unda, rodesac faqtobrivi garemoebe-bis aRwerasa da qmedebis kvalifikaciasTan erTad sabraldebo dokumentsa Tu gamam-tyunebel ganaCenSi Sesabamisi sisxlissamarTlebrivi normis dispoziciis Sinaarsicaawarmodgenili, es ufro met sisrulesa da srulyofilebas aniWebs piris mimarT war-dgenil an Seracxul brals, magram misi ararseboba ar SeiZleba gaxdes bralisa da dana-Saulis kvalifikaciis Secvlis safuZveli, amitom msjavrdebulis qmedebis gadakvali-ficireba mxolod im motiviT, rom muxlis dispozicia srulad ar iyo gadatanili bra-lis dadgenilebaSi, ar gamomdinareobs kanonmdeblobis moTxovnebidan.311

saapelacio sasamarTloebis ganaCenebis Secvla 2018 welsac rig SemTxvevebSi materia-luri normebis arasworad ganmartebiTa da gamoyenebiTaa ganpirobebuli, kerZod:

r.g-s brali daedo ojaxis erTi wevris mier ojaxis sxva wevris mimarT sistematur ce-maSi, danaSauli, gaTvaliswinebuli saqarTvelos ssk-is 111,126-e muxlis 12 nawiliT daojaxis erTi wevris mier ojaxis sxva wevris mimarT sistematur Seuracxyofasa da dam-

310 saqme #349ap-17.311 saqme #456ap-16.


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cirebaSi, danaSauli, gaTvaliswinebuli saqarTvelos ssk-is 1261 muxlis 1-li nawiliT.saapelacio palatam gaiziara pirveli instanciis sasamarTlos ganmarteba imis Sesa-xeb, rom ssk-is 1261 muxlis 1-li nawili moicavs sistematur Zaladobasac da am nawilSidamatebiT saqarTvelos ssk-is 111,126-e muxlis 12 nawiliT kvalifikacia ar aris saWi-ro. sakasacio sasamarTlom ar gaiziara qvemdgomi instanciebis aRniSnuli ganmartebada miuTiTa, rom sisxlis samarTlis kanoni ar unda iqnes imgvarad ganmartebuli, romsaqarTvelos ssk-is 1261 muxlis pirveli nawiliT gaTvaliswinebuli Zaladoba moicavsrogorc erTjeradad ganxorcielebul Zaladobas, ise _ sistematur Zaladobasac. vi-naidan saqmis faqtobrivi garemoebebiT dadgenili iyo, rom msjavrdebuli 2017 wlismartidan _ 2017 wlis 8 seqtembramde periodSi sistematurad scemda dedas (saqarTve-los ssk-is 126-e muxlis 12 nawiliT gaTvaliswinebuli danaSaulis Semadgenloba), misiqmedeba am nawilSi unda dakvalificirebuliyo saqarTvelos ssk-is 111, 126-e muxlis 12

nawiliT. Sesabamisad, Tbilisis saapelacio sasamarTlos sisxlis samarTlis saqmeTapalatis 2018 wlis 26 aprilis ganaCenSi Sevida cvlileba da r. g.-is qmedeba sistematu-ri cemis nawilSi dakvalificirda saqarTvelos ssk-is 111, 126-e muxlis 12 nawiliT.312

sakasacio palatam daakmayofila dacvis mxaris sakasacio saCivris moTxovna damatebi-Ti sasjelis saxiT saqarTvelos ssk-is 52-e muxlis safuZvelze CamorTmeuli avtoman-qanisa da misi Zaris kanonieri mflobelisaTvis dabrunebis Sesaxeb da ganmarta, romCamorTmeuli avtomobili warmoadgenda ara msjavrdebulis, aramed _ sxva piris sakuT-rebas, romelic mis kanonier mflobelobaSi iyo danaSaulebrivi SemTxvevis dRes. gar-da amisa, sakasacio palatam miuTiTa, rom mesame pirma ar icoda, rom misi avtomanqanagamoiyeneboda danaSaulebrivi saqmianobisaTvis, ris Sesabamisadac ar arsebobda saqar-Tvelos ssk-is 52-e muxliT gaTvaliswinebuli romelime garemoeba, rac SeiZleba, gam-xdariyo avtomobilis CamorTmevis safuZveli.313

sakasacio palatam daakmayofila braldebis mxaris sakasacio saCivris moTxovna msjav-rdebulisaTvis sasjelis damZimebis Sesaxeb, vinaidan danaSaulis Cadenis dros igi na-samarTlevi iyo ganzraxi danaSaulis CadenisaTvis, ris gamoc gamokveTili iyo danaSa-ulis recidivi. saqarTvelos ssk-is 58-e muxlis 1-li nawilis Tanaxmad, danaSaulis re-cidivis dros, vadiani Tavisuflebis aRkveTis daniSvnisas, mosaxdeli sasjelis vada,sul mcire, 1 wliT unda aRematebodes Cadenili danaSaulisaTvis am kodeqsis Sesabami-si muxliT an muxlis nawiliT gaTvaliswinebuli sasjelis minimalur vadas, ris safuZ-velzec msjavrdebuls daumZimda sasjeli.314

sakasacio palatam gadawyvetilebaSi yuradReba gaamaxvila saqarTvelos ssk-is 44-e mux-lis me-4 nawilis danawesze, romlis Tanaxmad, sazogadoebisaTvis sasargeblo Sroma ardaeniSneba maT Soris qals, romelsac hyavs 7 wlamde asakis Svili. vinaidan dadginda,rom msjavrdebuls pirveli instanciis sasamarTlos ganaCenis gamotanis momentisaT-vis hyavda 7 wlamde asakis Svili, mis mier Cadenili danaSaulisaTvis sasjelis saxiTgamoyenebuli ver iqneboda sazogadoebisaTvis sasargeblo Sroma da mas miTiTebulisasjeli Seecvala ufro msubuqi saxis sasjeliT _ jarimiT.315

sakasacio palatam Secvala saapelacio sasamarTlos ganaCeni g.n-is saqmeze im motiviT,rom darRveuli iyo saqarTvelos sisxlis samarTlis kodeqsis me-2 da me-3 muxlebisdanawesi, romelTa Tanaxmadac, qmedebis danaSaulebrioba da dasjadoba ganisazRvre-ba sisxlis samarTlis kanoniT, romelic moqmedebda misi Cadenis dros; sisxlis samar-Tlis kanons, romelic awesebs qmedebis danaSaulebriobas an amkacrebs sasjels, uku-Zala ara aqvs, vinaidan 2013 wlis 31 dekembridan gamkacrda saqarTvelos ssk-is 140-emuxliT gaTvaliswinebuli danaSaulis sanqcia (kerZod: aRniSnuli qmedebisaTvis sasje-

312 saqme #355ap-18.313 saqme #167ap-18.314 saqme #354ap-18.315 saqme #50ap-18.


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lis saxiT ganisazRvra Tavisuflebis aRkveTa Svididan cxra wlamde vadiT, maSin, rode-sac msjavrdebulis mier danaSaulebrivi qmedebis Cadenisas moqmedi redaqcia sasjelissaxiT iTvaliswinebda erTidan sam wlamde Tavisuflebis aRkveTas), sakasacio palatammsjavrdebulis qmedeba, dakvalificirebuli saqarTvelos ssk-is 140-e muxliT (2013 wlis31 dekembridan moqmedi redaqcia), gadaakvalificira saqarTvelos ssk-is 140-e muxlze(2013 wlis 31 dekembramde moqmedi redaqcia) da sasjeli ganusazRvra danaSaulis Cade-nis dros moqmedi sanqciis farglebSi.

sakasacio palatam Secvala saapelacio palatis ganaCeni msjavrdebulis sasikeTod daamouricxa mas makvalificirebel garemoebad Seracxuli nasamarTloba imis gaTvalis-winebiT, rom saqarTvelos prezidentis 2012 wlis 22 noembris gankargulebis safuZ-velze S. b. srulad gaTavisuflda wina ganaCeniT daniSnuli sasjelisgan. saqarTvelosssk-is 79-e muxlis me-2 nawilis Sesabamisad ki, sasjelisagan gaTavisuflebuli iTvle-ba nasamarTlobis armqoned.316

sakasacio palata ar daeTanxma saapelacio sasamarTlos piris qmedebis saqarTvelos ssk-is 177-e muxlis me-4 nawilis `g~ qvepunqtiT (qurdoba, Cadenili imis mier, vinc orjer anmetjer iyo nasamarTlevi sxvisi moZravi nivTis marTlsawinaaRmdego misakuTrebisaT-vis) dakvalificirebis nawilSi, im motiviT, rom mxolod ori ganaCenis faqtobrivad ar-seboba, im pirobebSi, rodesac orive ganaCeniT dadgenili danaSaulebrivi qmedeba Cade-nilia pirveli ganaCenis gamotanamde, ver gaxdeba piris ssk-is 177-e muxlis me-4 nawilis`g~ qvepunqtiT msjavrdebis safuZveli da aseT SemTxvevaSi gamokveTilia araerTgzis Ca-denili qurdoba, ris gamoc msjavrdebulis qmedeba saqarTvelos ssk-is 177-e muxlis me-4 nawilis `g~ qvepunqtidan gadakvalificirda saqarTvelos ssk-is 177-e muxlis me-3 na-wilis `b~ qvepunqtze.

sakasacio palatam Secvala saapelacio sasamarTlos ganaCenebi, romlebiTac ar iyo ga-uqmebuli msjavrdebulTaTvis wina ganaCenebiT Sefardebuli pirobiTi msjavri, miu-xedavad imisa, rom sakasacio palatas araerTxel hqonda ganmartebuli, rom saqarTve-los ssk-is 67-e muxlis me-5 nawilis Sesabamisad, pirobiT msjavrdebulis mier gamo-sacdel vadaSi axali ganzraxi danaSaulis Cadenis SemTxvevaSi, pirobiTi msjavri gauq-mebulad unda CaiTvalos da axali danaSaulisaTvis sasjelis Sefardebisas sasamar-Tlom unda gamoiyenos ganaCenTa erTobliobis wesi, saqarTvelos ssk-is 59-e muxlisme-5 nawiliT gaTvaliswinebuli pirobebis dacviT.317

araerTi ganaCeni gauqmda da Seicvala saapelacio sasamarTloTa mier sisxlis samar-Tlis saproceso kodeqsis normebis araswori gamoyenebis gamo, kerZod:

sakasacio palatam gaauqma gamamarTlebeli ganaCeni da piri damnaSaved cno saqarTve-los sisxlis samarTlis kodeqsis 125-e muxlis 1-li nawiliT (2016 wlis 1 dekembramdemoqmedi redaqcia) gaTvaliswinebuli danaSaulis CadenaSi. palatam ar gaiziara saape-lacio palatis motivacia mowmeTa deponirebul CvenebebTan dakavSirebiT, rom isinisafuZvlad ver daedeboda gamamtyunebel ganaCens da miuTiTa, rom im SemTxvevaSi, ro-desac braldebis mxaris mowmeebi saqmis arsebiTi ganxilvis sxdomaze mowmis saxiT ardakiTxulan, es imTaviTve ar warmoadgens adamianis uflebaTa evropuli konvenciis me-6 muxlis darRvevas da ganmarta: miuxedavad am garemoebisa, imis gaTvaliswinebiT, rommowmeebi winaswar gamoZiebaSi dacvis mxaris uSualo monawileobiT daikiTxnen magis-trat mosamarTlesTan, radgan ucxo qveynis moqalaqeebi iyvnen da didi xniT tovebdnensaqarTvelos, dacvis mxares ar SezRudvia dacvis ufleba, vinaidan mas winaswar gamoZi-ebaSi hqonda mowmeebisaTvis kiTxvebis dasmis SesaZlebloba, riTac isargebla kidec.amasTan, sakasacio palatam miuTiTa, rom piris braldeba unda emyarebodes ara mxolodaRniSnuli mowmeebis deponirebul Cvenebebs, aramed aseve saqmeSi arsebul sxva mtki-

316 saqme #395ap-17.317 saqme #421ap-17; #682ap-17; #419ap-17.


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cebulebebs, rac srulad Seesabameba adamianis uflebaTa evropuli sasamarTlos pre-cedentuli samarTliTa da saqarTvelos sisxlis samarTlis saproceso kanoniT dad-genil moTxovnebs.318

sakasacio palatam daakmayofila braldebis mxaris sakasacio saCivris moTxovna msjav-rdebulisaTvis Sefardebuli giraos Tanxis saxelmwifo biujetSi gadaricxvis Sesa-xeb, vinaidan dadginda, rom man daarRvia aRkveTis RonisZiebis Sefardebis Sesaxeb gan-CinebiT dakisrebuli valdebuleba, kerZod: ar Caabara misi pirovnebis maidentifici-rebeli yvela dokumenti da gadakveTa saqarTvelos saxelmwifo sazRvari, riTac da-arRvia giraos gamoyenebis piroba, rac, Tavis mxriv, saqarTvelos sssk-is me-200 muxlisme-7 nawilis mixedviT, warmoadgenda giraos saxiT Setanili fuladi Tanxis saxelmwi-fo biujetSi gadaricxvis safuZvels.319

sakasacio palatam gaauqma saapelacio palatis ganCineba saproceso SeTanxmebis dam-tkicebaze uaris Tqmis Sesaxeb da daamtkica prokurorsa da msjavrdebulebs Soris da-debuli saproceso SeTanxmeba. sakasacio palatam ganmarta, rom im SemTxvevaSi, ro-desac braldebis mxare saapelacio sasamarTloSi saqmis ganxilvisas saapelacio pala-tas mimarTavs saqmis arsebiTi ganxilvis gareSe ganaCenis gamotanis Sesaxeb Suam-dgomlobiT da moiTxovs msjavrdebulis damnaSaved cnobas braldebis im nawil-Sic, romelSic igi pirveli instanciis sasamarTlom gaamarTla da udanaSaulodcno, saapelacio palata valdebulia, Seafasos da imsjelos msjavrdebulis gamar-Tlebis nawilSi arsebul mtkicebulebebze, ris Semdegac, saqarTvelos sssk-is 298-e muxlis me-4 nawilis Sesabamisad, uflebamosilia, gamamarTlebeli ganaCenis nacvladgamamtyunebeli ganaCeni gamoitanos, gamoiyenos saqarTvelos sisxlis samarTlis ko-deqsis ufro mkacri muxli, daniSnos ufro mkacri sasjeli an sxva gziT gaauaresosmsjavrdebulis mdgomareoba, Tu braldebis mxarem Seitana saapelacio saCivari swo-red am moTxovniT da Tu mas aseTi pozicia ekava pirveli instanciis sasamarTloSi. sa-kasacio palatam amave ganaCenSi aseve ganmarta saqarTvelos ssk-is 214-e da me-200 mux-lebis dispozicia, kvalifikaciis sakiTxi da miuTiTa: saqarTvelos ssk-is 214-e mux-lis SemadgenlobisaTvis gadamwyvetia didi odenobis an gansakuTrebiT didi odenobisRirebulebis mqone moZravi nivTis saqarTvelos ekonomikur sazRvarze gadatanis angadmotanis faqti, xolo saqarTvelos ssk-is me-200 muxliT pasuxismgebloba dawese-bulia saqarTvelos teritoriaze aqcizuri markebiT niSandebis gareSe gamoSvebis, Se-naxvis, realizaciisa an gadazidvisaTvis, saqonlis Sida _ saqarTvelos teritoriazebrunvidan gamomdinare. Sesabamisad, saqarTvelos ssk-is 214-e muxlis dispoziciis Ta-naxmad, imisaTvis, rom qmedeba dakvalificirdes miTiTebuli muxliT, aucilebeli araa,rom pirma saqarTveloSi markirebas daqvemdebarebuli nivTi saqarTvelos sabaJo saz-Rvarze aucileblad markirebuli saxiT gadaitanos, an gadmoitanos, aramed aRniSnu-li qmedeba unda ganxorcieldes saqonlis gadaadgilebasTan da ara _ markirebasTan da-kavSirebuli wesis darRveviT. amdenad, am muxliT qmedebis kvalifikaciisaTvis arare-levanturia, sabaJo wesebis darRveviT gadatanili moZravi nivTi eqvemdebareboda Tuara markirebas.320

`amnistiis Sesaxeb~ saqarTvelos 2007 wlis 29 noembris kanonis me-4 nawilis safuZvel-ze Sewyda sisxlis samarTlebrivi devna z. k-s mimarT: sakasacio palatam Secvala saape-lacio sasamarTlos gadawyvetileba, romliTac msjavrdebulis sazianod iyo ganmar-tebuli kanonis gamoyenebis wesi.321

318 saqme #334ap-18.319 saqme #372ap-18.320 saqme #301-18.321 saqme #588ap-17.


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faqtobrivi garemoebebis arasworad dadgena da maTi arasworisamarTlebrivi Sefaseba

ramdenime saqmeze palatam Secvala saapelacio sasamarTlos ganaCenebi faqtobrivi ga-remoebebis arasworad dadgenisa da maTi araswori samarTlebrivi Sefasebis gamo.322 ya-CaRobis saqmeze sakasacio palatam aRniSna, rom qmedebis yaCaRobad kvalifikaciisaT-vis mniSvnelovania aseve dadgindes, Tu dazaralebulma rogor aRiqva da Seafasa mismimarT gamoTqmuli muqaris Sinaarsi. palatam miuTiTa, rom iaraRTan mimsgavsebulisagniT obieqturad SesaZloa, piris sicocxles an janmrTelobas safrTxe ar daemuq-ros, magram Tu dazaralebulma iaraRi namdvilad aRiqva, mas SesaZloa, daeuflos SiSida gaxdes iZulebuli, nebis sawinaaRmdegod, daTmos qoneba323. m. c-s saqmeze ganaCeniTdadgenili faqtobrivi garemoebebi palatam dadasturebulad miiCnia, Tumca ar gaizi-ara gasaCivrebuli ganaCenis samarTlebrivi Sefaseba m. c-s mier Cadenili qmedebisa damiuTiTa, rom gamokveTili ar iyo qrTamis aRebis Semadgenlobis yvela elementi, ker-Zod: gasaCivrebuli ganaCeniT m. c-s msjavri daedo saqarTvelos sisxlis samarTliskodeqsis 338-e muxlis pirveli nawiliT imaSi, rom man (moxelem) pirdapir moiTxova damiiRo fuli, raTa Tavisi Tanamdebobrivi avtoritetis gamoyenebiT n-s sasargeblodganexorcielebina qmedeba (daesaqmebina). sakasacio palatam aRniSna, rom imisaTvis, ra-Ta pirs Seeracxos bralad wardgenili qmedeba, unda dadgindes danaSaulis Semadgen-lobis yvela elementi. mocemul SemTxvevaSi utyuarad dadginda, rom m. c-m mosTxovada miiRo fuli n-sgan misTvis sasargeblo qmedebis ganxorcielebis pirobiT. palatamganmarta, rom qrTamis aRebis safuZvelze Sesrulebuli moqmedeba SeiZleba ar Sedio-des moxelis samsaxurebriv uflebamosilebaSi, magram mis Tanamdebobriv avtoritetsSeeZlos xeli Seuwyos qrTamis mimcemis sasargeblo moqmedebis Sesrulebas/Seusru-leblobas. amasTan, aseT SemTxvevaSi aucilebelia imis dadgena, rom moxele swored Ta-namdebobrivi avtoritetis gamoyenebiT apirebs danaSaulebrivi qmedebis ganxorcie-lebas. aRniSnulis dasadgenad sakasacio palatam yuradReba gaamaxvila n-s Cvenebasada farul videoCanawerebze, saidanac irkveva, rom m. c. n-s dasaqmebas samsaxurebriviavtoritetis gamoyenebiT ki ar hpirdeboda, aramed am sakiTxis mogvarebas piradi, ax-lobluri urTierTobebis gamoyenebiT apirebda, riTac gamoiricxa m. c-s mier Tanam-debobrivi avtoritetis gamoyenebiT ukanono qmedebis ganxorcielebis Sepireba da, Se-sabamisad, misi qmedebis qrTamis aRebad Sefasebis samarTlebrivi SesaZlebloba. gamok-vleuli mtkicebulebebiT dadginda, rom m.c. hpirdeboda n-s, rom axlobluri urTier-TobebiT gavlena moexdina sxva pirze, romelsac xelewifeboda n-sTvis Tanxis sanac-vlod Sepirebuli qmedebis ganxorcieleba, rac saqarTvelos ssk-is 3391 muxlis me-2 na-wiliT (zegavleniT vaWroba) gaTvaliswinebuli danaSaulis Semadgenlobas Seicavs, rom-lis Tanaxmadac, dasjadia pirisTvis fulis moTxovna da miReba imis sanacvlod, rommas SeuZlia aramarTlzomieri zegavlenis moxdena moxelis an masTan gaTanabrebulipiris mier gadawyvetilebis miRebaze am piris sasargeblod.324

2018 wels ganxilul saqmeebzec saapelacio sasamarTloebis ganaCenis gauqmeba zogi-erT SemTxvevaSi gamoiwvia saqmis faqtobrivi garemoebebis arasworma samarTlebrivmaSefasebam, kerZod:

sakasacio palatam m. S.-is qmedeba yaCaRobidn gadakvalificira iZulebaze im motiviT,rom mtkicebulebebidan ar ikveTeboda, rom msjavrdebuls da mis Tanamzraxvelebs hqon-daT dazaralebulis avtomanqanis misakuTrebis mizani, rac yaCaRobis, rogorc sisxlis-samarTlebrivi umarTlobis, damfuZnebel da aucilebel subieqtur niSans warmoad-gens.325

322 saqme #674ap-16; #449ap-16; #13ap-17.323 saqme #191ap-17.324 saqme #497ap-16.325 saqme #99ap-18.


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sakasacio palatam gaauqma gamamarTlebeli ganaCeni da damnaSaved cno piri sazRvrisukanono gadakveTisTvis. sakasacio palata ar daeTanxma saapelacio sasamarTlos msje-lobas imis Sesaxeb, rom m.d-s mimarT gamamtyunebeli ganaCenis dadgena sazRvris ukano-nod gadakveTisTvis erTi qmedebisaTvis orjer msjavrdebis akrZalvis absoluturi uf-lebis darRveva iqneboda, im motiviT, rom m.d. gasamarTlebuli iyo im qveynis kanon-mdeblobiT, romlis sazRvaric aseve ukanonod gadakveTa saqarTvelos sazRvris uka-nonod gadakveTis Semdeg, radganac adamianis uflebaTa evropuli konvenciis me-7 oq-mis me-4 muxlis Tanaxmad, `dauSvebelia sisxlis samarTlis wesiT piris xelmeored ga-samarTleba an dasja erTi da imave saxelmwifos iurisdiqciis farglebSi im danaSau-lisaTvis, romlisTvisac is erTxel ukve iqna sabolood gasamarTlebuli an msjavrde-buli am saxelmwifos kanonisa da sisxlis samarTlis proceduris Sesabamisad~. samoqa-laqo da politikuri uflebebis Sesaxeb saerTaSoriso paqtis me-14 muxlis me-7 nawi-lis mixedviT, ̀ aravis meored gasamarTleba an dasja ar SeiZleba danaSaulisaTvis, rom-lisTvisac igi ukve sabolood iyo msjavrdadebuli an gamarTlebuli TiToeuli qvey-nis kanonisa da sisxlis samarTlis procesualuri samarTlis Sesabamisad~. amdenad, sxvaqveynis mier m.d-s msjavrdeba im qveynis sazRvris ukanonod gadakveTisaTvis ar zRu-davs saqarTvelos saxelmwifos, pasuxisgebaSi misces igi saqarTvelos sazRvris uka-nonod gadakveTisaTvis.326

saapelacio sasamarTloebis ganaCenebis Secvla rig SemTxvevebSi faqtobrivi garemoe-bebis araswori samarTlebrivi SefasebiTaa ganpirobebuli:

l. k-s saqmeSi sakasacio palatam msjavrdebulis qmedeba ganzrax mkvlelobis mcdelo-bidan gadaakvalificira janmrTelobis ganzrax mZime dazianebaze da ganmarta, rom gan-zrax mkvlelobis mcdelobisa da janmrTelobis ganzrax mZime dazianebis gamijvnisdros, qmedebis kvalifikaciisas Secdomis gamosaricxad, sasamarTloebma zedmiwevniTdetalurad unda Seiswavlon da gaaanalizon saqmeSi arsebuli yvela garemoeba, rad-gan gamosakveTia danaSaulis subieqturi Semadgenlobis _ ganzraxvis elementi, rom-lis (anu ganzraxvis) mimarTulebac ganasxvavebs ganzrax mkvlelobis mcdelobas jan-mrTelobis mZime dazianebisgan. ganzraxvis dasadgenad ki Seswavlil unda iqnes: dana-Saulis Cadenis xerxi da saSualeba, dazianebaTa raodenoba, xasiaTi da maTi lokaliza-cia, rogor viTarebaSi iqna isini miyenebuli, damnaSavisa da msxverplis urTierTdamo-kidebuleba saerTod da dazianebis miyenebis momentSi da sxv. danaSaulebrivi qmedebissworad dakvalificirebisaTvis sasamarTlom mxedvelobaSi unda miiRos aseve danaSa-ulebrivi qmedebis Sewyvetis mizezebi da damnaSavis qceva moqmedebis Cadenis Semdeg.swored yvela am garemoebis Sefasebis Sedegad unda gadawyvitos sasamarTlom _ Cade-nili umarTloba gamowveuli iyo Tu ara piris mokvlis surviliT.327

r. S-s msjavrdebis saqmeSi sakasacio palata ar daeTanxma saapelacio sasamarTlos msje-lobas imis Sesaxeb, rom gvamebis aRmouCenloba da, Sesabamisad, maTze samedicino eq-spertizebis Cautarebloba, Cadenil qmedebasa da damdgar Sedegs Soris mizezobrivikavSiris dadgenis mizniT, gamoricxavs qmedebis damTavrebul mkvlelobad dakvalifi-cirebis SesaZleblobas. palatis mosazrebiT, gvamis aRmouCenloba erTmniSvnelovnadar gamoricxavs qmedebis ganzrax mkvlelobad dakvalificirebis SesaZleblobas. ro-desac mtkicebulebebiT utyuarad dgindeba garemoebebi, romlebic gonivrul eWvs miR-ma standartiT miuTiTeben piris gardacvalebaze, rogorc ganxorcielebuli qmedebiserTaderT logikur Sedegze, qmedebis danaSaulis mcdelobad dakvalificireba samar-Tlebrivad arasworia da damnaSavis mier gvamis gaqrobis SemTxvevaSi misi pasuxismgeb-lobisgan Tavis aridebis/pasuxismgeblobis Semsubuqebis mcdari praqtikis damkvidre-bas Seuwyobs xels. sakasacio palatam ganmarta, rom sicocxlis xelyofis iseT ati-pur SemTxvevaSi, rodesac gardacvlilis gvami napovni ar aris raime gansakuTrebuliobieqturi garemoebebis gavlenis Sedegad an im qmedebis TaviseburebaTa gamo, ramac

326 saqme #699ap-17.327 saqme #680ap-17.


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sikvdili gamoiwvia, miuxedvad imisa, es qmedeba Cadenilia ganzrax Tu gaufrTxileb-lobiT, sasamarTlos SeuZlia, sikvdilis gamowvevis faqti dadgenilad cnos Sesabami-si sasamarTlo eqspertizebis daskvnebis gareSec. aseTi ram dasaSvebia im pirobebSi, ro-desac arsebobs sxva sarwmuno da sakmarisi mtkicebulebebi, romlebic udavod adas-tureben damnaSavis mier Cadenili qmedebis Sedegad msxverplis sicocxlis gardauvalmospobas gansakuTrebiT maSin, Tu es xdeba iseT viTarebasa da garemoebebSi, romelTagaTvaliswinebiT, adamianis cocxlad gadarCenis SesaZlebloba ar arsebobs nebismieriobieqturi da miukerZoebeli damkvirveblisaTvis. cxadia, rom aq igulisxmeba iseTi ga-monaklisi SemTxvevebi, romlebsac qmnis danaSaulebrivi qmedebisa da misi Cadenisas ar-sebuli garemoebebisa Tu viTarebis gansakuTrebuli da tipuri SemTxvevebisagan radi-kalurad ganmasxvavebeli xasiaTi da Taviseburebebi.328

sakasacio sasamarTlo ar daeTanxma saapelacio sasamarTlos msjelobas imis Sesaxeb,rom swrafi Caricxvis aparatidan Tanxis daufleba sacavSi ukanono SeRwevis mcdelo-bad ar unda iqnes miCneuli da aRniSna: imisaTvis, raTa piri swrafi Caricxvis aparatSiarsebul qonebas farulad daeuflos, unda gaaCndes aparatis gasaRebi, an unda gamoi-yenos specialuri iaraRi, mag. Zalayini, e.w `lomi~. sxva SemTxvevaSi pirisaTvis apara-tidan materialuri faseulobis daufleba SeuZlebelia. Sesabamisad, miuxedavad imi-sa, rom swrafi Caricxvis aparati moZravi nivTia, misi teqnikuri mdgomareoba pirs araZlevs saSualebas, yovelgvari winaaRmdegobis gareSe daeuflos masSi arsebul mate-rialur faseulobas. Tavis mxriv, rac ufro met dabrkolebas gadalaxavs piri, miT uf-ro saSiS xasiaTs iZens misi qmedeba. magaliTad, CanTidan Zvirfasi samkaulis faruladamoRebis dros piri ugulebelyofs dadgenil normas da laxavs dazaralebulis sakuT-rebis uflebas, xolo e.w `lomiT~ an sxva msgavsi iaraRis gamoyenebiT aparatidan niv-Tis dauflebiT piri ara marto laxavs sakuTrebis uflebas, aramed gamoxatavs mzad-yofnas, gadalaxos is dabrkolebac, romelic nivTis dauflebisaTvis aris aucilebe-li. aqedan gamomdinare, gaumarTlebelia swrafi Caricxvis aparatidan Tanxis daufle-bis (an dauflebis mcdelobis) SemTxvevis qurdobis tipur (mag., CanTidan nivTis amoRe-ba) SemTxvevasTan gaigiveba da, Sesabamisad, orive qmedebis Camdeni piris _ erTi da imavenawiliT dasja. amdenad, materialuri faseuloba gareSe pirTagan SesaZloa, daculiiyos rogorc swrafi Caricxvis aparatiT _ ise uZravi nivTiT (mag., jixuri). orive maT-ganisaTvis saerTo garemoebas warmoadgens is, rom pirs SesaZlebloba ar aqvs damate-biTi `Zalisxmevis~ gareSe, imave pirobebSi daeuflos nivTs, rogorc amas, magaliTad,jibidan nivTis farulad dauflebis SemTxvevaSi gaakeTebda. aRniSnulidan gamomdina-re, palatam miiCnia, rom swrafi Caricxvis aparati warmoadgens sacavs da aparatidanTanxis dauflebis mcdeloba ganxilul unda iqnes rogorc qurdobis mcdeloba sacav-Si ukanonod SeRweviT.329

sakanonmdeblo cvlilebebi

ramdenime saqmeze ganaCenis cvlileba ganapiroba saqarTvelos sakonstitucio sasamar-Tlos 2016 wlis 24 oqtombrisa da 2017 wlis 30 noembris gadawyvetilebebma, romelTaTanaxmadac, `gamomSrali marixuanis~ piradi moxmarebis miznebisaTvis SeZena-Senaxvisgamo (260-e muxlis 1-li naw.) sasjelis saxiT Tavisuflebis aRkveTis gamoyenebis SesaZ-lebloba da aseve, ̀ marixuanis~ moxmarebisTvis sisxlissamarTlebrivi pasuxismgeblo-bis daweseba arakonstituciurad iqna cnobili.330

sqesobrvi Tavisuflebisa da xelSeuxeblobis winaaRmdeg mimarTul danaSaulTa TavSiganxorcielebulma sakanonmdeblo cvlilebebma gamoiwvia saapelacio palatis ganaCe-nebis cvlileba s.k-sa da v.S-s saqmeebSi, ra drosac msjavrdebulTa qmedeba Sesabamiso-

328 saqme #138ap-18.329 saqme #186ap-18.330 saqme #675ap-17; #365ap- 17.


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baSi movida moqmed kanonmdeblobasTan.331

garkveul SemTxvevebSi gadawyvetilebaTa Secvla narkotikuli saSualeba ̀ marixuanis~piradi moxmarebis mizniT SeZena-Senaxvisa da moxmarebis Sesaxeb saqarTvelos sakon-stitucio sasamarTlos gadawyvetilebebisa da am gadawyvetilebebis safuZvelze gan-xorcielebuli sakanonmdeblo cvlilebebiT aris ganpirobebuli.332

cvlilebebi sasjelis nawilSi

sxvadasxva motiviT Semsubuqda sasjelebi ramdenime saqmeze, kerZod, palatam Semsu-buqebis kuTxiT gaiTvaliswina danaSaulis simZime (naklebad mZime kategoriis danaSau-li), damnaSavis warsuli cxovreba (nasamarTlobis armqone), mZime materialuri mdgo-mareoba, danaSaulis aRiareba da gulwrfeli monanieba, gamoZiebasTan TanamSromloba,zianis ar arseboba, qmedebis araZaladobrivi xasiaTi, danaSaulSi monawileobis roli.333

rig SemTxvevebSi ki sxvadasxva motiviT damZimda sasjelebi. magaliTad, r.a-s saqmezesasjelis damZimebis motivacias warmoadgenda msjavrdebulis mier erTi da imave kate-goriis _ sakuTrebis winaaRmdeg mimarTuli danaSaulis 14 epizodis Cadena da am qmede-bebiT Sps `m-is~ sabazo sadgurisa da Sps `j-is~ salokacio sadguris qselidan gamor-Tva, ramac arsebiTad daaziana dazaralebulTa interesebi, ziani ki ar iyo anazRaure-buli,334 xolo g. T-sTvis sasjelis damZimeba ganapiroba miyenebuli zianis arsebiTobamda dazaralebulis mimarT gulgrilma damokidebulebam.335

ramdenime saqmeze sakasacio palatam msjavrdebulebs Seumsubuqa sasjelebi sxvadas-xva motivebiT, maT Soris _ individualuri Sefasebis angariSis, nasamarTlobis arqo-nis, danaSaulis aRiarebisa da monaniebis, asakis, mZime socialuri da janmrTelobismdgomareobis, SezRuduli Seracxadobis, danaSaulis kategoriis, misi araZaladobri-vi xasiaTis, damdgari zianis, dazaralebulisTvis zianis anazRaurebis, gamoZiebasTanTanamSromlobisa da pasuxismgeblobis damamZimebeli garemoebebis ararsebobis gaT-valiswinebiT.336

sakasacio palatis ganaCeniT sasjeli Seumsubuqda msjavrdebul g.l-sac im motiviT,rom SemTxvevisas iyo 19 wlis, studenti, SemTxvevamde ar hqonia kanonTan konfliqtida ar gaaCnda pasuxismgeblobis damamZimebeli garemoebebi. sakasacio palatam amave saq-meSi miuTiTa saapelacio sasamarTlos araswor Sefasebaze msjavrdebulis pasuxismgeb-lobis damZimebis kuTxiT, kerZod: saapelacio palatam msjavrdebuls ganusazRvra maq-simumTan miaxloebuli sasjeli, faqtobrivad imis gaTvaliswinebiT, rom igi ar aRia-rebda da ar inaniebda Cadenil danaSauls. sakasacio palatam miiCnia, rom saapelaciosasamarTlos aRniSnuli Sefaseba samarTlebrivad mizanSeuwonelia, vinaidan pirisaT-vis wardgenili braldebis araRiarebis pasuxismgeblobis damamZimebel garemoebad miC-neva iribad ewinaaRmdegeba braldebulis konstituciur uflebas, ar misces sakuTariTavis sawinaaRmdego Cveneba.337

sakasacio palatis gadawyvetilebiT ramdenime saqmeze damZimda msjavrdebulTaTvisgansazRvruli sasjeli, ZiriTadad, Cadenili qmedebis sazogadoebrivad saSiSi xasia-

331 saqme #251ap-17; #188ap-17; #275ap-17.332 saqme #6ap.-18; #405ap.-17; #429ap.-17; #533ap-17.333 saqme #694ap-16; #157ap-17; #58ap-17; #742ap-16; #3ap-17; #121ap-17; #69ap-17; #602ap-16;

#622ap-16; #572ap-16; #324ap-17; #282ap.-17.334 saqme #525ap-16.335 saqme #332ap-17.336 saqme #157ap-18; #273ap-18; #59ap-18; #397ap-18; #314ap-18; #310ap-18; #71ap-18; #162ap-18,

#50ap-18; #116ap-18; #58ap-18.337 saqme #331ap.-18.


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Tis, miyenebuli zianisa da dazaralebulTa mimarT gamoCenili gulgrili damokidebu-lebis gaTvaliswinebiT.338

ojaxSi Zaladobis saqmeebi

aRsaniSnavia ojaxSi Cadenili danaSaulebis saqmeebze sakasacio palatis mier miRebu-li gadawyvetilebebi. sakasacio palatam gaauqma saapelacio sasamarTloebis gamamar-Tlebeli ganaCenebi da xazi gausva am kategoriis danaSaulTa specifikur xasiaTsa damtkicebulebaTa Sefasebis wess, kerZod:

sasamarTlom aRniSna, rom ojaxuri danaSauli, misi bunebidan gamomdinare, mowmeTa sim-ravliT ar gamoirCeva. danaSaulis msxverpli SesaZloa, misi ojaxis wevrisaTvis sis-xlissamarTlebrivi pasuxismgeblobis Tavidan aridebas cdilobdes, ris gamoc misi Cve-nebis utyuaroba saqmeSi arsebuli yvela faqtobrivi garemoebisa da mtkicebulebis de-taluri analiziT unda Sefasdes. mtkicebulebaTa detalurma analizma cxadyo, romdazaralebulis Cveneba, romelSic is uTiTebda, rom dazianebebi miiRo waqcevisa dagarkveul saganze dacemis Sedegad, ar iyo utyuari da igi emsaxureboda SvilisTvis pa-suxismgeblobis Tavidan aridebas, ris gamoc Catarebuli sagamoZiebo da saproceso moq-medebebis Sedegad mopovebuli utyuari mtkicebulebebis, maT Soris braldebulisganamoRebuli nivTmtkicebiT _ daniT, romelzec dazaralebulis sisxlis kvali aRmoC-nda, Catarebuli eqspertizebiTa da saqmis sxva mtkicebulebebis urTierTSejerebis Se-degad sakasacio palatam gaauqma Tbilisis saapelacio sasamarTlos sisxlis samarTlissaqmeTa palatis gamamarTlebeli ganaCeni i. k-s mimarT, igi damnaSaved cno saqarTve-los ssk-is 111,19,108-e muxliT (ojaxis wevris ganzrax mkvlelobis mcdeloba).339

sxva saqmeSi sasamarTlom aRniSna, rom ojaxSi Zaladobisa da qalTa winaaRmdeg Zala-dobasTan brZolis procesSi sasamarTlo sistemas gansakuTrebulad mniSvnelovani ro-li akisria, vinaidan swored man unda daakisros moZalades sisxlissamarTlebrivi pa-suxismgebloba da, Sesabamisad, Seasrulos ̀ stambolis konvenciis~ mowodeba imis Sesa-xeb, rom qalTa winaaRmdeg Zaladobisa da ojaxSi Zaladobis danaSaulebi iyos dasjadi`efeqturi, Tanazomieri da gadamafiqrebeli~ sanqciis meSveobiT, maTi simZimidan ga-momdinare. Tumca, palatam xazi gausva, rom aRniSnuli ar unda moxdes braldebulissaqarTvelos kanonmdeblobiTa da saerTaSoriso aqtebiT garantirebuli uflebebisdarRvevis xarjze da piris msjavrdeba unda efuZnebodes utyuar mtkicebulebaTa iseTerTobliobas, romelic gonivrul eWvs miRma standartiT miuTiTebs mis braleuloba-ze. mocemul saqmeze palatam detalurad Seafasa warmodgenili mtkicebulebebi, da-zaralebulis Cvenebis utyuaroba Seamowma sxva mtkicebulebebTan urTierTTavseba-dobis konteqstSi da miiCnia, rom dazaralebulis Cveneba, romelic detalurad da da-majereblad miuTiTebs meuRlis mxridan ganxorcielebul Zaladobaze, samedicino eq-spertizis daskvna da gamomZieblis Cveneba, romlebic amyareben dazaralebulis miermowodebul informacias, qmnis sakmaris mtkicebulebaTa iseT erTobliobas, romelicobieqtur pirs daarwmunebda braldebulis mier misTvis inkriminirebuli danaSaulisCadenaSi, ris gamoc gauqmda Tbilisis saapelacio sasamarTlos sisxlis samarTlis saq-meTa palatis gamamarTlebeli ganaCeni da g.q. cnobil iqna damnaSaved saqarTvelos ssk-is 1261-e muxlis pirveli nawiliT (ojaxuri Zaladoba) wardgenil braldebaSi.340

arasrulwlovanTa marTlmsajuleba

saqarTvelos parlamentma 2015 wlis 12 ivniss miiRo arasrulwlovanTa marTlmsaju-lebis kodeqsi, romelic 2016 wlis 1 ianvridan amoqmedda. kodeqsi kanonTan konfliq-

338 saqme #109ap-18; #634ap-17; #645ap-17; #591ap-17; #632ap-17; #713ap-17.339 saqme #527ap.-17.340 saqme #614ap.-17.


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tSi myofi bavSvebisTvis novaciebs amkvidrebs.

arasrulwlovanTa marTlmsajulebis kodeqsis Seqmnis mizans warmoadgenda 18 wlamdeasakis mozardebisaTvis specializebuli, evropuli standartebisa da gaeros bavSvTauflebebis dacvis konvenciasTan SesabamisobaSi moyvanili marTlmsajulebis sistemisCamoyalibeba. bavSvis saukeTeso interesebze orientirebuli amgvari specialuri ko-deqsi axali institutia Tanamedrove qarTuli marTlmsajulebisaTvis. arasrulwlo-vanTa saqmeebs mxolod specializebuli mosamarTleebi, prokurorebi, gamomZieblebi,policielebi, advokatebi da socialuri muSakebi warmarTaven. kodeqsis calkeuli de-bulebebi aseve vrceldeba 18-21 wlis pirebzec.

arasrulwlovanTa marTlmsajulebis kodeqsi erT sakanonmdeblo aqtSi aerTianebsarasrulwlovanTa pasuxismgeblobis, administraciuli, sisxlis samarTlis procesis,sasjelaRsrulebisa da sxva sakiTxebis momwesrigebel normebs da awesebs arasrulwlo-vanTa uflebebis dacvis axal standartsa da meqanizmebs.

ZiriTadi principebi, romelTac arasrulwlovanTa marTlmsajulebis kodeqsi eyrdno-ba, Semdegia: arasrulwlovnis saukeTeso interesebis prioritetuloba; nasamarTlo-bis gaqarwyleba; individualuri midgoma; patimroba da Tavisuflebis aRkveTa mxolodukidures SemTxvevaSi; marTlmsajulebis procesis gaWianurebis dauSvebloba; patim-robis/Tavisuflebis aRkveTis gaumjobesebuli pirobebi; pasuxismgeblobis alterna-tiuli zomis prioritetuloba; Tanazomiereba da Sesabamisoba.

arasrulwlovanTa marTlmsajulebis kodeqsis mizania, misces mozardebs specialuri,bavSvebze orientirebuli marTlmsajuleba da gansakuTrebuli midgomebi daawesosbraldebul, dazaralebul da mowme mozardebze. bavSvis saukeTeso interesebze ori-entirebuli amgvari specialuri kodeqsi arasrulwlovanTaTvis saqarTvelos kanon-mdeblobisaTvis sruliad axali institutia da Tanamedrove qarTuli marTlmsajule-bisaTvis aramarto inovaciur, aramed revoluciur proeqts warmoadgens.

sisxlissamarTlebriv devnasTan SedarebiT, upiratesobiT sargebloben ganridebisa daaRdgeniTi marTlmsajulebis, maT Soris, mediaciis institutebi. Tavisuflebis aRkve-Tis, rogorc sasjelis formis, gamoyeneba arasrulwlovanTan mimarTebiT mxolod uki-duresi aucileblobis SemTxvevaSia SesaZlebeli. igive exeba aRkveTis RonisZiebis sa-xiT patimrobis gamoyenebas. ikrZaleba arasrulwlovnisaTvis uvado Tavisuflebis aR-kveTis Sefardeba. arasrulwlovani braldebuli ar SeiZleba ganTavsdes srulwlovan-Tan erTad araTu erT sakanSi, aramed erT dawesebulebaSic ki.

amdenad, kodeqsis mTavari mizani arasrulwlovnisTvis cxovrebis sufTa furclidandawyebisa da resocializaciis Sansis micemaa.

qvemoT mimovixilavT uzenaesi sasamarTlos sisxlis samarTlis saqmeTa palatis mierganxilul saqmeebs arasrulwlovanTa marTlmsajulebis kodeqsis safuZvelze.

k. t-s saqmeze saapelacio palatam dauSveblad cno msjavrdebulis Suamdgomloba pir-veli instanciis sasamarTlos ganaCenis axlad gamovlenil garemoebaTa gamo gadasin-jvisa da misTvis daniSnuli sasjelis arasrulwlovanTa marTlmsajulebis kodeqsTanSesabamisobaSi moyvanis Sesaxeb im motiviT, rom msjavrdebulma, upirveles yovlisa,unda isargeblos ganaCenis saapelacio wesiT gasaCivrebis uflebiT, ra drosac misTvissaboloo sasjeli ganisazRvreba axali kanonis Sesabamisad. sakasacio palatam, mis wi-naSe arsebuli konkretuli mocemulobis gaTvaliswinebiT, ar gaiziara saapelacio pa-latis aRniSnuli midgoma da ganmarta: mocemul SemTxvevaSi mxare Suamdgomlobda ga-naCenis gadasinjvas mxolod sasjelis nawilSi, rac msjavrdebulis mier samomavlodganaCenis gasaCivrebis SemTxvevaSi ar iqneboda Semaferxebeli saqmis arsebiTad ganmxil-veli sasamarTlosTvis, vinaidan am SemTxvevaSi sasamarTlo ar afasebs ganaCeniT dad-genil faqtobriv garemoebebsa da saqmeSi arsebul mtkicebulebebs, ar msjelobs qme-


144

debis kvalifikaciis sisworesa da Sefardebuli sasjelis samarTlianobaze; sasamar-Tlom unda Seasrulos mxolod kanonis imperatiuli moTxovna danaSaulTa erToblio-bisas saboloo sasjelis Sefardebisa da arasrulwlovnisTvis saboloo sasjelis gan-sazRvris Sesaxeb, rac ar warmoadgens Sefasebis sagans (vinaidan kanoniT zustadaa gan-sazRvruli aRniSnuli wesebi) da, Sesabamisad, ganaCenis gasaCivrebis SemTxvevaSic arcerT aspeqtSi ar iqneboda saqmis arsebiTad ganmxilveli sasamarTlos SemboWavi. aRniS-nulis gaTvaliswinebiT, sakasacio palatam gaauqma ganCineba msjavrdebulis intere-sebis damcveli advokatebis Suamdgomlobis dauSveblad cnobis Sesaxeb da warmoebadaubruna saapelacio sasamarTlos Suamdgomlobis gansaxilvelad daSvebis mizniT.341

pirveli da saapelacio instanciis sasamarTloebma arasrulwlovan dazaralebul _ l.S.-sa da mis kanonier warmomadgenels ar ganumartes saqarTvelos kanonis _ arasrul-wlovanTa marTlmsajulebis kodeqsis 25-e muxliT gaTvaliswinebuli zianis anazRau-rebisa da kompensaciis moTxovnis ufleba, rac miTiTebuli normis safuZvelze uzrun-velyo sakasacio palatam.342

sakasacio palatam saapelacio palatis ganaCeni Secvala msjavrdebulis sasikeTod daamouricxa mas makvalificirebel garemoebad Seracxuli nasamarTloba imis gaTvalis-winebiT, rom pirs wina ganaCeniT bralad Seracxuli qmedeba (ssk-is 177-e muxlis me-2nawilis ̀ a~ qvepunqti) Cadenili hqonda arasrulwlovan asakSi da amavdroulad, iyo na-samarTlobis armqone, xolo arasrulwlovanTa marTlmsajulebis kodeqsis me-12 mux-lis 1-li nawilis Sesabamisad, sasjelis moxdisTanave igi iTvleba nasamarTlobis ar-mqoned. saqarTvelos ssk-is 79-e muxlis me-6 nawilis mixedviT ki _ gaqarwylebuli anmoxsnili nasamarTloba mxedvelobaSi ar miiReba sisxlissamarTlebrivi pasuxismgeb-lobis, danaSaulis kvalifikaciisa da sisxlissamarTlebrivi zemoqmedebis RonisZie-bis sakiTxis gadawyvetisas.343

arasrulwlovnis mimarT erT-erT saqmeze sakasacio palatam ucvlelad datova saape-lacio sasamarTlos ganaCeni da aRniSna, rom rogorc sasjeli, ise dazaralebulis nax-vis akrZalva erTi wlis ganmavlobaSi (arasrulwlovanTa marTlmsajulebis kodeqsis45-e muxlis pirveli nawilis Sesabamisad) Cadenili qmedebis garemoebebis, msjavrde-bulis mdgomareobis, misi moTxovnilebis Tanazomadia da emsaxureba arasrulwlovnisWeSmariti da saukeTeso interesis dacvas. zemomiTiTebuli garemoebebidan gamomdi-nare, sworad Sefardebuli sasjelis saxe da zoma (da ara ganridebis xelSekruleba)warmoadgens adekvatur RonisZiebas msjavrdebulis resocializacia-reabilitaciis,misi mxridan axali danaSaulis Tavidan acilebisa da adamianis ZiriTadi uflebebis dac-visadmi pativiscemiT ganwyobisaTvis.344

sxva gadawyvetilebaSi sakasacio sasamarTlom agreTve ucvlelad datova saapelaciosasamarTlos gadawyvetileba da miuTiTa, rom sakasacio palata ar eTanxmeba dacvismxaris pozicias mtkicebulebaTa arasakmarisobis Taobaze, rom TiTqos, saqmeSi war-modgenilia mxolod eqspertizis daskvnebi, romlebic ar aris sakmarisi gamamtyunebe-li ganaCenis gamosatanad. rac Seexeba sasjels, sakasacio palatas miaCnia, rom igi See-sabameba arasrulwlovanTa marTlmsajulebis kodeqsiTa da saerTaSoriso samarTliTdadgenil normebs. sakasacio palatam yuradReba miaqcia aseve, individualuri Sefase-bis angariSSi asaxul dadebiT da uaryofiT faqtorebs, kerZod: msjavrdebuls uyvars,rodesac raime saqmiT aris dakavebuli, igi ufros adamianebTan TavazianobiT gamoir-Ceva; amavdroulad, msjavrdebuls uWirs emociebis marTva da sakuTari qcevis anali-zi; igi ver iazrebs sarisko qcevis Sedegebs. palatam miiCnia, rom rogorc sasjeli, iseindividualuri Sefasebis angariSis safuZvelze gansazRvruli RonisZiebebi Cadenili

341 saqme #211ag-16.342 saqme #90ap-17.343 saqme #334ap-17.344 saqme #201ap-17.


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qmedebis garemoebebis, msjavrdebulis mdgomareobis, misi moTxovnilebis Tanazomadiada emsaxureba arasrulwlovnis WeSmariti da saukeTeso interesis dacvas.345

sxva saqmeSi sakasacio palatam miiCnia, rom saqmeSi warmodgenili faqtebi da mtkicebu-lebebi gonivrul eWvs miRma mtkicebulebiTi standartiT adasturebs arasrulwlo-vani msjavrdebulis mier winaswari SecnobiT arasrulwlovnis ganzrax mkvlelobas. am-denad, ganaCeni datova ucvlelad. sakasacio palatam agreTve aRniSna, rom vinaidan pir-veli da saapelacio instanciis sasamarTloebma arasrulwlovani dazaralebulis ka-nonier warmomadgenels (mis uflebamonacvles) ar ganumartes saqarTvelos kanonis _arasrulwlovanTa marTlmsajulebis kodeqsis 25-e muxliT gaTvaliswinebuli ufle-ba, sakasacio palata miTiTebuli normis safuZvelze mas acnobebs aRniSnuli saqmis sa-samarTlo ganxilvis Sedegebs da ganumartavs saqarTvelos kanonmdeblobiT dadgeni-li wesiT zianis anazRaurebisa da kompensaciis moTxovnis uflebas.346

arasrulwlovnis mimarT erT-erT saqmeSi sakasacio palatam ar gaiziara dacvis mxarispozicia, rom arasrulwlovan msjavrdebuls Sefardebuli hqonda zedmetad mkacri da`bavSvTa uflebebis konvenciis~ me-3 da me-40 muxlebis moTxovnebis Seusabamo sasjelida gasaCivrebuli ganaCeni datova ucvlelad, Semdeg garemoebaTa gamo: ̀ arasrulwlo-vanTa marTlmsajulebis ganxorcielebis Sesaxeb gaeros standartuli minimaluri we-sebis~ (`pekinis wesebi~) 17.1 _ `b~, `g~ wesebis Tanaxmad, arasrulwlovnis piradi Tavi-suflebis SezRudva SeiZleba gamoyenebul iqnes mxolod dawvrilebiT ganxilvis Sede-gad da unda Semoifarglos SesaZlo minimumiT. piradi Tavisuflebis SezRudva ar ga-moiyeneba, Tu arasrulwlovans ar asamarTleben seriozuli qmedebis _ sxva piris mi-marT Zaladobis an sxva seriozuli samarTaldarRvevebis araerTjeradi CadenisaTvisda Tu ar arsebobs sxva Sesabamisi zemoqmedebis RonisZieba. gansaxilvel saqmeSi msjav-rdebuls brali Seracxuli hqonda gansakuTrebiT mZime danaSaulisaTvis, xolo war-sulSi igi orjer iyo nasamarTlevi mZime danaSaulebis CadenisaTvis. sakasacio pala-tam mxedvelobaSi miiRo arasrulwlovanTa marTlmsajulebis kodeqsis 76-e muxlis da-nawesi, romlis Tanaxmad, mosamarTle uflebamosilia, arasrulwlovans Seufardos ka-noniT gaTvaliswinebul zRvarze naklebi an sxva, ufro msubuqi sasjeli, Tu mis mimarTwarsulSi gamamtyunebeli ganaCeni ar yofila gamotanili, magram ganmarta, rom ufle-bamosili ar iyo, msjavrdebulis mimarT gamoeyenebina miTiTebuli SeRavaTi, radganigi warsulSi orjer iyo nasamarTlevi mZime danaSaulebis CadenisaTvis. garda amisa,sakasacio palatam aseve gaiTvaliswina is garemoebac, rom saqarTvelos ssk-is 178-e mux-lis me-4 nawilis sanqcia sasjelis saxed da zomad adgenda mxolod Tavisuflebis aR-kveTas da ar gaaCnda arc erTi sxva, alternatiuli sasjeli.347

arasrulwlovnis mimarT erT-erT saqmeze, sakasacio palatam ucvlelad datova saape-lacio sasamarTlos ganaCeni da aRniSna, rom gamamtyunebeli ganaCeniT dauswrebladdadgenili sasjeli msjavrdebuls ar mouxdia, man Tavi aarida sasjelis moxdas, risgamoc, arasrulwlovanTa marTlmsajulebis kodeqsis me-2 muxlis me-3 nawilis, 36-e mux-lisa da saqarTvelos sisxlis samarTlis kodeqsis 76-e muxlis me-2 nawilis Sesabami-sad, mis mimarT xandazmulobis vadis dineba SeCerebulia da msjavrdebuls ufleba aqvs,gamamtyunebeli ganaCeni gaasaCivros kanoniT dadgenili wesiT. amasTan, msjavrdebu-lis dauswreblad misive saqmis ganxilva ar ewinaaRmdegeba arasrulwlovanTa marTlmsa-julebis kodeqss, kerZod: am kodeqsis 56-e muxlis me-2 nawilis Sesabamisad, `dauSvebe-lia arasrulwlovnis saqmis sasamarTloSi ganxilva mis dauswreblad, garda im SemTxve-visa, rodesac is Tavs aridebs sasamarTloSi gamocxadebas da sxdomis gadadeba saqmisgonivrul vadaSi ganxilvas SeuZlebels gaxdis~.

arasrulwlovanTa marTlmsajulebis kodeqsis me-100 muxlis pirveli nawilis Tanax-

345 saqme #491ap-17.346 saqme #595ap-17.347 saqme 362ap-17.


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mad, am kodeqsis debulebebs, garda am kodeqsis saproceso normebisa, aqvs ukuZala, TuamiT umjobesdeba arasrulwlovnis mdgomareoba. amave kodeqsis me-2 muxlis me-3 da me-5 nawilebis mixedviT, arasrulwlovanTa marTlmsajulebis procesSi gamoiyeneba sa-qarTvelos sxva normatiuli aqtebis debulebebic, Tu isini ar ewinaaRmdegeba am ko-deqss an/da arasrulwlovnisTvis SeRavaTs iTvaliswinebs, xolo am kodeqsSi xarvezisarsebobisas dasaSvebia kanonis analogiis gamoyeneba, Tu amiT ar izRudeba saqarTve-los konstituciiTa da saerTaSoriso xelSekrulebebiT uzrunvelyofili adamianisuflebebi da Tavisuflebebi da Tu es ar ewinaaRmdegeba arasrulwlovnis saukeTesointeresebs.

sakasacio sasamarTlom ar gaiziara dacvis mxaris pozicia arasrulwlovnis mier sas-jelis moxdisgan Tavis aridebis SemTxvevaSi sisxlis samarTlis kodeqsis 76-e muxlisme-2 nawilis gamoyenebis dauSveblobis Sesaxeb da ganmarta, rom arasrulwlovanTa mar-Tlmsajulebis kodeqsi ar Seicavs sisxlis samarTlis kodeqsiT gaTvaliswinebuli yo-veli qcevis momwesrigebel normebs, ris gamoc, arasrulwlovanTa marTlmsajulebiskodeqsis me-2 muxlis me-3 nawilis mixedviT, arasrulwlovanTa marTlmsajulebis pro-cesSi SeiZleba saqarTvelos sxva normatiuli aqtebis debulebebis gamoyeneba (moce-mul SemTxvevaSi _ sisxlis samarTlis kodeqsis 76-e muxlis me-2 nawili: xandazmulobisvadis dineba SeCerdeba, Tu msjavrdebulma Tavi aarida sasjelis moxdas. am SemTxveva-Si xandazmulobis vadis dineba ganaxldeba msjavrdebulis dakavebis an bralis aRiare-biT gamocxadebis momentidan). vinaidan arasrulwlovanTa marTlmsajulebis kodeq-sis 36-e muxliT dadgenilia mxolod sasjelis moxdisagan gaTavisuflebis specifiku-ri vadebi, xolo xandazmulobis vadis dinebis gansxvavebuli wesi an vadis dinebis SeCe-rebis akrZalva amave kodeqsiT mowesrigebuli ar aris, sisxlis samarTlis kodeqsis 76-emuxlis me-2 nawilis Sinaarsi araTu ewinaaRmdegeba, aramed avsebs arasrulwlovanTamarTlmsajulebis kodeqsis 36-e muxls.348

axlad gamovlenili garemoebebi

narkotikuli saSualeba ̀ dezomorfinis~ damzadebis, SeZenisa da Senaxvis Sesaxeb, asevenarkotikuli saSualeba ̀ marixuanis~ piradi moxmarebis mizniT SeZena-Senaxvisa da mox-marebis Sesaxeb miRebuli saqarTvelos sakonstitucio sasamarTlos gadawyvetilebe-bisa da am gadawyvetilebebis safuZvelze ganxorcielebuli sakanonmdeblo cvlile-bebis gaTvaliswinebiT axlad gamovlenil garemoebaTa gamo wardgenili Suamdgomlo-bebis dauSveblad cnobis Sesaxeb araerTi ganCineba gaauqma sakasacio palatam da miu-TiTa saapelacio sasamarTloebs pirTa qmedebebis sakonstitucio sasamarTlos gadaw-yvetilebebsa da moqmed kanonTan SesabamisobaSi moyvanis Taobaze.349 amave safuZvliTsakasacio palatam Secvala axlad gamovlenil garemoebaTa gamo saqmis warmoebis far-glebSi miRebuli saapelacio sasamarTloebis ganaCenebi.350

sakasacio palatam axlad gamovlenil garemoebaTa gamo saqmis warmoebis farglebSi Sec-vala saapelacio sasamarTlos gadawyvetileba im motiviT, rom darRveulad miiCnia pa-suxismgeblobis damamZimebeli kanonis ukuZaliT gamoyenebis akrZalvis principi.351

sakasacio palatam gaauqma Tbilisis saapelacio sasamarTlos sisxlis samarTlis saq-meTa palatis ganCineba axlad gamovlenil garemoebaTa gamo Suamdgomlobis dauSveb-lad cnobis Sesaxeb da daabruna saqme Suamdgomlobis dasaSvebad cnobis mizniT saqar-Tvelos mTavari prokuraturis samarTalwarmoebis procesSi Cadenili danaSaulis ga-

348 saqme #65ag-17.349 saqme #87ag-16; #28ag-16; #502ag-15; #27ag-16; #43ag-16; #530ag-15; #24ag-16; #53ag-16; #77ag-

16; #176ag-16; #71ag-16; #41ag-16; #111ag-16; #76ag-16; #88ag-16; #29ag-16; #82ag-17.350 saqme #68ag-17; #205ag-16.351 saqme #83ag-17.


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moZiebis departamentis prokuroris 2017 wlis 17 ianvris dadgenilebis _ `msjavrdebu-lis mimarT sisxlis samarTlis warmoebis procesSi misi uflebis arsebiTi darRvevis Se-saxeb~ safuZvelze. sakasacio palatam miiCnia, rom msgavs saqmeebze, rodesac vlindebamsjavrdebulis mimarT saqarTvelos sisxlis samarTlis saproceso kodeqsis 310-e mux-lis `z1~ qvepunqtiT gaTvaliswinebuli garemoebebi, braldebis mxare ar unda SeizRu-dos da unda mieces SesaZlebloba, srulyofilad ganaxorcielos kanoniT dakisrebu-li movaleoba, risi wina pirobac iyo wardgenili Suamdgomlobis dasaSvebad cnoba dasaqmis arsebiTad ganxilva sasamarTloSi.352

2018 wels ganxilul saqmeebze narkotikul saSualeba `marixuanasTan~ dakavSirebulisakonstitucio sasamarTlos gadawyvetilebebisa da Sesabamisi sakanonmdeblo cvli-lebis safuZvelze, axlad gamovlenil garemoebaTa gamo saqmis warmoebis farglebSi,Seicvala saapelacio sasamarTlos gadawyvetilebebi p.C-s, s.W-sa da T.k-s saqmeze.353

sakasacio palatam gaiziara msjavrdebulis argumentebi, rom saapelacio sasamarTlompiris qmedebis sisxlis samarTlis kodeqsis axal redaqciasTan SesabamisobaSi moyva-nis sakiTxze axlad gamovlenil garemoebaTa gamo ganaCenis gadasinjvisas miiRo msjav-rdebulisaTvis sauareso gadawyvetileba da misTvis Sefardebuli sasjeli ukanonoddaamZima, vinaidan am sakiTxze saapelacio sasamarTlos axlad gamovlenil garemoeba-Ta gamo ganaCenis gadasinjvis Sesaxeb warsulSi miRebul ganCinebaSi ukve iyo msjelo-ba, ris gamoc sakasacio palatam gaauqma saapelacio sasamarTlos ganaCeni da ZalaSidatova wina ganaCeni, romliTac msjavrdebulis mdgomareoba ufro msubuqi iyo.354

sakasacio palatam axlad gamovlenil garemoebaTa gamo saqmis warmoebis farglebSi Tbi-lisis saapelacio sasamarTlos sisxlis samarTlis saqmeTa palatis 2017 wlis 29 ivni-sisa da 2008 wlis 29 aprilis ganaCenebi gaauqma da i. S-s mimarT Sewyvita sisxlissamar-Tlebrivi devna saqarTvelos mTavari prokuraturis samarTalwarmoebis procesSi Ca-denili danaSaulis gamoZiebis departamentis `msjavrdebulis mimarT sisxlis samar-Tlis warmoebis procesSi misi uflebis arsebiTi darRvevis Sesaxeb~ dadgenilebisa daaxali gamoZiebis farglebSi mopovebuli mtkicebulebebis safuZvelze.355

axlad gamovlenil garemoebaTa gamo saqmis warmoebis farglebSi sisxlissamarTleb-rivi devna Sewyvita sakasacio palatam v.k-s mimarTac, im motiviT, rom axalma kanonmagaauqma qmedebis danaSaulebrioba.356

sxva kategoriis saqmeebi

2017 wels sakasacio palatam ganixila sakasacio saCivrebi `amnistiis Sesaxeb~ saqar-Tvelos 2012 wlis 28 dekembris kanonis safuZvelze, ra drosac gadawyvetilebebis Sec-vla ZiriTadad gamoiwvia msjavrdebulTa mxridan dazaralebulebis poziciebis (maT-Tvis SeRavaTis gawevis Taobaze) sakasacio palataSi warmodgenam, rac TaRliTobis saq-meebSi aRniSnuli kanonis me-11 muxlis safuZvelze msjavrdebulTa sisxlissamarTleb-rivi pasuxismgeblobisa da sasjelisgan gaTavisuflebis safuZvels warmoadgenda.357

sakasacio palatam erTi saqme ganixila preiudiciis safuZvelze, ris Sedegadac saape-lacio sasamarTlos 2016 wlis 1 ivnisis gamamarTlebeli ganaCeni darCa ucvlelad, xo-lo pirveli instanciis sasamarTlos 2000 wlis 20 ivnisis ganaCeni t. k-as mimarT gauq-

352 saqme #25ag-17.353 saqme #95ag-17; saqme #19ag-18; #103ag-17.354 saqme #34ag-18.355 saqme #80ag-17.356 saqme #72ag-17.357 saqme #261-17; #71-17; 111-17.


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mda, im motiviT, rom misi msjavrdebis saqmeSi warmodgenili iyo erTaderTi pirdapirimtkicebuleba, kerZod, Tavad msjavrdebul t. k-as aRiarebiTi Cveneba, rom igi sxva pi-rebTan erTad monawileobda yaCaRur TavdasxmaSi. sakasacio palatam yuradReba gaa-maxvila t. k-as Cvenebaze da aRniSna, rom mis mier micemuli araerTi urTierTsawinaaR-mdego da urTierTgamomricxavi Cvenebebi moklebuli iyo yovelgvar damajereblobasda ar akmayofilebda utyuarobis standarts, ris gamoc ar SeiZleboda safuZvlad das-deboda gamamtyunebel ganaCens, xolo sxva raime pirdapiri mtkicebuleba, romelic da-adasturebda, rom am pirebma Caidines miTiTebuli danaSauli, saqmis masalebSi ar moi-poveboda.358

2018 wels sakasacio palatam aseve ganixila sakasacio saCivrebi `amnistiis Sesaxeb~ sa-qarTvelos 2012 wlis 28 dekembris kanonis safuZvelze, ra drosac gadawyvetilebebisSecvla ZiriTadad gamoiwvia msjavrdebulTa mxridan dazaralebulebis poziciebis(maTTvis SeRavaTis gawevis Taobaze) sakasacio palataSi warmodgenam, rac TaRliTo-bis saqmeebSi aRniSnuli kanonis me-11 muxlis safuZvelze msjavrdebulTa sisxlis sa-marTlebrivi pasuxismgeblobisa da sasjelisgan gaTavisuflebis safuZvels warmoad-genda.359

sakasacio palatam erTi saqme ganixila preiudiciis safuZvelze, ris Sedegadac saape-lacio sasamarTlos 2016 wlis 7 martis gamamarTlebeli ganaCeni T. g-is mimarT darCaucvlelad, xolo pirveli instanciis sasamarTlos 1999 wlis 22 noembris ganaCeni k. g-as mimarT Seicvala Semdegi mimarTebiT: k. g-as mimarT Sewyda sisxlissamarTlebrividevna saqarTvelos ssk-is 150-e muxlis me-2 da me-3 nawilebiT (1960 wlis redaqcia) Se-racxuli msjavrdebisaTvis (erT epizodSi), Semdeg garemoebaTa gamo: k. g-as msjavrde-bis saqmeSi warmodgenili iyo erTaderTi pirdapiri mtkicebuleba, kerZod, Tavad msjav-rdebul k. g-as aRiarebiTi Cveneba, rom man sacxovrebeli bina gaqurda T. g-sTan erTad,winaswari SeTanxmebiT, xolo sxva raime pirdapiri mtkicebuleba, romelic daadastu-rebda, rom maT Caidines miTiTebuli danaSauli, saqmis masalebSi ar moipoveboda. racSeexeba danarCeni mowmeebis Cvenebebs, isini warmoadgenda irib Cvenebebs, ris gamoc arSeiZleba miCneuliyo utyuar mtkicebulebebad da safuZvlad dasdeboda gamamtyune-bel ganaCens.360

daskvna

daskvnis saxiT, SeiZleba iTqvas, rom sakasacio sasamarTlos mier qveda instanciis sa-samarTloebis gadawyvetilebebis gauqmeba ZiriTadad ganpirobebulia: gonivrul eWvsmiRma mtkicebulebiTi standartis ararsebobiT, faqtobrivi garemoebebis araswori sa-marTlebrivi SefasebiTa da materialur-samarTlebrivi normebis darRveviT an/da amnormebis arasworad gamoyeneba-ganmartebiT.

gonivrul eWvs miRma mtkicebulebiT standartTan dakavSirebiT sakasacio palatis ara-erT gadawyvetilebaSi aris msjeloba. miuxedavad amisa, mainc xSiria SemTxveva, rode-sac qvemdgomi sasamarTlos gadawyvetileba swored am motiviT uqmdeba an icvleba. gan-sakuTrebiT aRsaniSnavia iseTi faqtebi, rodesac braldeba ZiriTadad mowmeTa Cvene-bebs efuZneba da, miuxedavad amisa, isini kritikulad gaanalizebuli ar aris. aseve, arisSemTxvevebi, rodesac sasamarTloebi dacvis mxaris mtkicebulebebs faqtobrivad Se-fasebis gareSe toveben.

xSir SemTxvevaSi, gadawyvetilebebis Secvlis safuZvels faqtobrivi garemoebebis aras-wori samarTlebrivi Sefaseba warmoadgens. qvemdgomi sasamarTloebis mxridan qmede-

358 saqme #51-17.359 saqme #321-18; #331-18.360 saqme #41-17.


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bis araswori kvalifikacia, zogjer, materialuri normebis araswori ganmartebiT, rigSemTxvevebSi ki, faqtobrivi garemoebebis arasaTanadod dadgeniTaa gamowveuli.

xSiria qvemdgomi sasamarTloebis mxridan piris nasamarTlobasTan dakavSirebuli Sec-domebi, rac gavlenas axdens rogorc qmedebis kvalifikaciaze, ise _ sasjelze.

uzenaesi sasamarTlos dadgenil praqtikasTan winaaRmdegobriobis TvalsazrisiT, un-da gamoikveTos pirobiTi msjavris argauqmebis SemTxvevebi maSin, rodesac ganzraxi da-naSulis Cadena xdeba wina ganaCeniT dadgenil gamosacdel vadaSi.

aRsaniSnavia aseve, rom kvlav xSiria ganaCenis arasakmarisi dasabuTebis SemTxvevebi sas-jelis nawilSi, razec metyvelebs kidec angariSSi moxseniebuli, sasjelis nawilSi Sec-vlili araerTi ganaCeni.

2017-2018 wlebSi qvemdgomi instanciis sasamarTloTa gadawyvetilebebi xSirad icvle-boda, aseve, narkotikul danaSaulebTan dakavSirebuli sakonstitucio sasamarTlosgadawyvetilebebisa da mis safuZvelze ganxorcielebuli sakanonmdeblo cvlilebe-bis gamo.


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sadisciplino palata

sadisciplino palata, „saerTo sasamarTloebis Sesaxeb“ organuli kanonis Tanaxmad,mosamarTlis mimarT disciplinuri saxdelis dakisrebis Taobaze saCivrebs ganixilavs.igi iRebs saboloo gadawyvetilebas mosamarTlis mimarT dakisrebuli saxdelis Zala-Si datovebis, Secvlis an saqmis sadisciplino kolegiisTvis dabrunebis Taobaze.

uzenaesi sasamarTlos sadisciplino palata swavlobs „advokatTa Sesaxeb“ kanonis mi-xedviT advokatebisTvis disciplinuri saxdelis dakisrebis Taobaze eTikis komisiisgadawyvetilebis kanonierebas da mis Sesabamisobas kanoniT dadgenil moTxovnebTan.

2018 wlis ganmavlobaSi saqarTvelos uzenaesi sasamarTlos sadisciplino palataSi da-registrirda 6 saCivari (sami saCivari exeboda mosamarTleTa disciplinur pasuxismgeb-lobas, xolo sami _ advokatis disciplinur pasuxismgeblobas).

sadisciplino palatis arsebiTi gadawyvetilebebi ixileT uzenaesi sasamarTlos veb-gverdze.

sakvalifikacio palata

„saerTo sasamarTloebis Sesaxeb“ organuli kanonis Tanaxmad, sakvalifikacio palataganixilavs iusticiis umaRlesi sabWos gadawyvetilebebs mosamarTlis Tanamdebobaze3 wlis vadiT an uvadod gamwesebaze uaris Tqmis Sesaxeb.

sakvalifikacio palatas 4 saCivari aqvs ganxiluli da misi gadawyvetilebebi SegiZli-aT ixiloT uzenaesi sasamarTlos vebgverdze.

plenumi

„saerTo sasamarTloebis Sesaxeb“ organuli kanonis Tanaxmad, saqarTvelos uzenaesisasamarTlos plenumi warmoadgens organos, romelic iRebs gadawyvetilebebs saorga-nizacio sakiTxebis Sesaxeb, uflebamosilia daasaxelos da waradginos sakonstituciosasamarTlos wevrebi, mimarTos saqarTvelos parlaments winadadebiT saerTaSorisoxelSekrulebis ratificirebis Taobaze da ganaxorcielos organuli kanoniT gaTva-liswinebuli sxva uflebamosilebani.

saangariSo periodis ganmavlobaSi gaimarTa plenumis oTxi sxdoma: damtkicda uzenae-si sasamarTlos axali reglamenti, gaimarTa msjeloba sasamarTlo uflebamosilebismandatebisa da biujetis Taobaze, airCies sasamarTlos Tavmjdomaris pirveli moad-gile.


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361 saerTo sasamarTloebis Sesaxeb kanonis me-13 muxli.

sasamarTlo gadawyvetilebebis erTiani baza

`saerTo sasamarTloebis Sesaxeb~ kanonis Tanaxmad, sasamarTlos `Ria sxdomaze saqmisarsebiTi ganxilvis Sedegad miRebuli sasamarTlo gadawyvetileba mTlianad qveynde-ba sasamarTlos vebgverdze, xolo daxurul sxdomaze saqmis arsebiTi ganxilvis Sede-gad miRebuli sasamarTlo gadawyvetilebis SemTxvevaSi, sasamarTlos vebgverdze, amgadawyvetilebis mxolod sarezolucio nawili qveyndeba~.361 saqarTvelos uzenaesi sa-samarTlos mier 2000 wlidan dRemde miRebuli gadawyvetilebebi ganTavsebulia eleq-tronul saZiebo bazaSi, romelic sasamarTloSi norvegiis kanonis uzenaesobis misiis(NORLAG) mxardaWeriT 2011 wlidan funqcionirebs. 2018 wels, donori organizaciebismxardaWeriT momzadebuli sasamarTlo infrastruqturisa da programuli uzrunvel-yofis auditis angariSis mixedviT, uzenaesi sasamarTlos gadawyvetilebebis saZieboeleqtronuli baza da saerTo sasamarTloebis gadawyvetilebaTa saZiebo sistema _info.court.ge teqnikurad moZvelebulia. uzenaesi sasamarTlo, iusticiis umaRles sab-WosTan arsebul menejmentis departamentTan TanamSromlobiT, sasamarTlo gadawyve-tilebebis saZiebo erTiani bazis ganaxlebis procesSi CarTvas gegmavs.

2018 wlidan, evrokavSiris `sasamarTlo reformis mxardaWeris~ proeqtis dafinanse-biT, uzenaesi sasamarTlos mosamarTleebs da aparatis TanamSromlebs, iusticiis umaR-lesi sabWos da sxva did sasamarTloebs wvdoma aqvT saerTaSoriso samarTlebrivi sa-Ziebo programis `leqsis-neqsisis~ saZiebo bazasTan. programis saSualebiT momxmare-bels SeuZlia, gaecnos amerikis SeerTebuli Statebis, didi britaneTis, evrokavSirisqveynebis, adamianis uflebaTa evropuli sasamarTlos mniSvnelovan samarTlebriv in-formacias, romelTa Sorisaa samarTlebrivi komentarebi, statiebi, gadawyvetilebe-bi, monacemebi inteleqtualuri sakuTrebis Sesaxeb da mravali sxva.


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uzenaesi sasamarTlos organizaciulistruqtura

saqarTvelos uzenaesi sasamarTlos Tavmjdomaris wardginebiT, uzenaesi sasamarTlosplenumma 2018 wlis 18 ianvars daamtkica uzenaesi sasamarTlos axali reglamenti, axa-li struqturiT da saStato ganrigiT. masze muSaoba evrosabWosa da evrokavSiris mxar-daWeriT da rekomendaciebis gaTvaliswinebiT mimdinareobda. mosazrebebis gaziare-bisa da winadadebebis SemuSavebis mizniT, procesSi aqtiurad iyvnen CarTulni uzenae-si sasamarTlos mosamarTleebi da aparatis TanamSromlebi.

uzenaesi sasamarTlos reglamentiT, struqtura emyareba mmarTvelobis wriul models,romlis Tanaxmad, sasamarTlos winaSe arsebuli amocanebis _ uzenaesi sasamarTlos samar-Talwarmoebis gamWvirvalobis, saerTo sasamarTloebTan koordinaciis, marTlmsajule-bisadmi sandoobis, uzenaesi sasamarTlos gadawyvetilebebisa da momsaxurebis xarisxisgazrdis _ drouli Sesrulebis mizniT, Camoyalibda mmarTveli sabWo. mis SemadgenlobaSiSedian sasamarTlos menejeri, samarTlebrivi mxardaWeris xelmZRvaneli da komunikacii-sa da koordinaciis xelmZRvaneli. mmarTveli sabWo, uzenaesi sasamarTlos TavmjdomarisxelmZRvanelobiT, uzrunvelyofs sasamarTlos wliuri gegmis SemuSavebasa da Sesrule-bis monitorings, sasamarTlos muSaobis gamarTul da efeqtian administrirebas.

uzenaesi sasamarTlos reglamentis mixedviT, Camoyalibda uzenaesi sasamarTlos pa-latebis (samoqalaqo, administraciuli, sisxlis, sakvalifikacio, sadisciplino, di-di palata, plenumi) mxardamWeri rgoli _ samarTlebrivi mxardamWeris xelmZRvane-li, romelic uzrunvelyofs palatebis gamarTul funqcionirebas da exmareba maT yo-veldRiur saqmianobaSi.

uzenaesi sasamarTlos reglamentis mixedviT, komunikaciisa da koordinaciis xel-mZRvaneli uzrunvelyofs sasamarTlos mWidro TanamSromlobas donor, saerTaSori-so da arasamTavrobo organizaciebTan, agreTve zrunavs sasamarTlos struqturebsSoris komunikaciaze. reglamentis mixedviT, siaxles warmoadgens donorebTan, ara-samTavrobo da saerTaSoriso organizaciebTan TanamSromlobis da protokolisganyofilebebi. mediasa da sazogadoebasTan urTierTobis kuTxiT, mniSvnelovanistruqturuli erTeulia amave dasaxelebis samsaxuri, romelic ZiriTad funqciasTanerTad, saqarTvelos uzenaesi sasamarTlos vebgverdsa da socialur qsels sasamar-Tlos monawileobiT gamarTuli RonisZiebebis Sesaxeb informaciiTa da fotomasaliTuzrunvelyofs. amave struqturis pasuxismgeblobas warmoadgens beWduri, satelevi-zio da fotoarqivis Seqmna.

uzenaes sasamarTlos struqturaSi siaxlea xarisxis marTvis samsaxuri. igi SeimuSa-vebs winadadebebs struqturuli erTeulebis saqmianobis xarisxis gaumjobesebisaTvis,gamoavlens saWiroebebs informaciis gacemis gamartivebis, momsaxurebis gaumjobesebi-sa da kadrebis ganviTarebis TvalsazrisiT. aseve, Seiswavlis dokumentbrunvaSi arse-bul Seferxebas, vadis darRvevas da momxmareblebTan gaweuli momsaxurebis xarisxs.

uzenaesi sasamarTlos gamWvirvalobisa da saqmianobis angariSvaldebulebis gaZlie-rebis mizniT, gaZlierda moqalaqeTa misaRebisa da kancelariis ganyofilebebis muSa-oba da axali reglamentis mixedviT Camoyalibda samarTlebrivi uzrunvelyofis gan-yofileba.

evrokavSiris proeqtis mxardaWeriT, mimdinare wels gaimarTa Sexvedra xarisxis mar-Tvis, servisis dizainisa da miwodebis sakiTxebze, romelsac mowveuli eqsperti _ slo-veniis uzenaesi sasamarTlos warmomadgeneli uZRveboda. samomavlod igegmeba xaris-xis marTvis samsaxuris saqmianobis gaZliereba saerTaSoriso saukeTeso praqtikis gaT-valiswinebiT.


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uzenaesi sasamarTlos calke struqturul erTeulad Camoyalibda adamianuri resur-sebis marTvisa da ganviTarebis ganyofileba, romelic aparatis profesiuli saqmia-nobis xelSewyobas uzrunvelyofs.

mimdinare wels adamianuri resursebis marTvisa da ganviTarebis ganyofilebam, sa-muSaos analizis safuZvelze, TanamSromelTa samuSao aRweriloba Seadgina. aparatisTanamdebobaTa funqciebis Sefasebis safuZvelze moxda profesiuli sajaro moxelee-bis TanamdebobaTa ierarqiul rangebSi ganawileba da 2018 wlis dekemberSi TanamSro-melTa pirveli Sefaseba. TanamSromelTa Sefasebis sistema saqarTvelos kanonmdeblo-bisa da saerTaSoriso standartebis gaTvaliswinebiT dainerga, raSic mniSvnelovaniwvlili evrokavSiris `sasamarTlos mxardaWeris proeqtma~ Seitana. samomavlod igeg-meba misi Semdgomi gaumjobeseba gamWvirvale da samarTliani Sefasebis sistemis srul-yofilad amoqmedebis mizniT. damatebiT, evrokavSiris ̀ sasamarTlos mxardaWeris pro-eqtis~ farglebSi, mimdinare wels SemuSavda adamianuri resursebis marTvis saxelmZRva-nelo da moewyo Sexvedra sasamarTlos menejerebisTvis personaluri monacemebis da-muSavebis sakiTxebze. aseve, evrosabWos ̀ sasamarTlo reformis mxardamWeri~ proeqtisfarglebSi, saerTo sasamarTloebis sistemis menejerebisTvis gaimarTa yovelwliuriforumi sistemaSi menejeris rolis gaZlierebisa da mxardaWeris mizniT.

uzenaes sasamarTloSi 2018 wlis 3 maisidan moqmedebs iusticiis saministros dokumen-tbrunvis eleqtronuli programa, romelic aRmasrulebel da sakanonmdeblo organo-ebTan koordinaciis gaumjobesebas uzrunvelyofs.

uzenaes sasamarTloSi calke Camoyalibda statistikis seqtori, romelic uzrunvelyofssasamarTlo statistikis warmoebas saerTo sasamarTloebis mixedviT, saerTaSoriso stan-dartebis Sesabamisad. samsaxuri saerTo sasamarTloebidan miRebuli da damuSavebuli mo-nacemebis safuZvelze amzadebs da uzenaesi sasamarTlos vebgverdze yovelTviurad ga-naxlebad formatSi aTavsebs informacias `saqarTvelos saerTo sasamarTloebis ZiriTa-di statistikuri monacemebis~ Taobaze, samoqalaqo, administraciuli da sisxlis samar-Tlis saqmeebis mixedviT. aseve, amuSavebs statistikur monacemebs: satelefono saubrisfaruli miyuradebis Sesaxeb; `qalTa mimarT Zaladobisa da ojaxSi Zaladobis winaaRmdegbrZolisa da prevenciis Sesaxeb~ evrosabWos (stambolis) konvenciis Sesabamisad, dazara-lebuli qalebis Taobaze; `qalTa mimarT Zaladobis an/da ojaxSi Zaladobis aRkveTis, Za-ladobis msxverplTa dacvisa da daxmarebis Sesaxeb~ kanonis Sesabamisad, gamocemuli dam-cavi orderebisa da gasaCivrebuli Semakavebeli orderebis mixedviT, Zaladobis forme-bis, msxverplisa da moZaladis sqesis Taobaze; aRkveTis RonisZiebis Sefardebis SesaxebSuamdgomlobebis Taobaze. uzenaesi sasamarTlos vebgverdze yovelwliurad qveyndebaeleqtronuli statistikuri krebuli `marTlmsajuleba saqarTveloSi~, sadac mocemu-lia vrceli informacia sasamarTloebisa da saqmeTa kategoriebis mixedviT.

evrosabWos proeqtma `diskriminaciis, siZulviliT motivirebuli danaSaulisa da si-Zulvilis enis winaaRmdeg brZola saqarTveloSi~ daiwyo muSaoba diskriminaciisa dasiZulviliT motivirebuli danaSaulis Sesaxeb statistikuri aRricxvis gasaumjobe-seblad. momavali wlidan igegmeba siZulvilis motiviT Cadenili danaSaulis, aseve sa-moqalaqo da administraciuli samarTalwarmoebis wesiT diskriminaciis Taobaze gan-xilul saqmeTa monacemebis gamoqveyneba; paralelurad, evrokavSiris proeqtis `gen-deruli Tanasworobis sakiTxebze momuSave uwyebaTaSorisi komisiis mxardaWeris~ far-glebSi, mimdinareobs muSaoba gamocemuli damcavi da gasaCivrebuli Semakavebeli or-derebis ufro srulyofili monacemebis eleqtronulad miRebasa da gamoqveynebaze.

gaeros bavSvTa fondis (UNICEF) warmomadgenlebTan erTad mimdinareobs muSaoba aras-rulwlovanTa marTlmsajulebis kodeqsis moTxovnebis Sesabamisad erTiani eleqtro-nuli bazis Sesaqmnelad.

donori organizaciebis mxardaWeriT da iusticiis umaRlesi sabWos menejmentis de-partamentTan TanamSromlobis farglebSi, igegmeba saerTaSoriso standartebis Sesa-bamisi statistikis eleqtronuli modulis Camoyalibeba.


155

gamocemebi erovnuli da saerTaSorisosasamarTlo praqtikis Taobaze

uzenaes sasamarTloSi samarTlebrivi mxardaWeris rgolSi gaerTianebulia analiti-kuri da erovnuli sasamarTlo praqtikis Seswavlisa da ganzogadebis ganyofilebebi.isini uzrunvelyofen mosamarTleebisTvis informaciis miwodebas adgilobrivi da sa-erTaSoriso samarTlebrivi aqtebis ganmartebebis Taobaze. uzenaesi sasamarTlos kre-bulebis momzadebasa da gavrcelebas uzrunvelyofs uzenaesi sasamarTlos sagamom-cemlo seqtori.

saangariSo periodis ganmavlobaSi, sasamarTlo gadawyvetilebebis xarisxis Sefasebi-sa da dasabuTebis xelSewyobisaTvis, erovnuli sasamarTlo praqtikis Seswavlisa daganzogadebis ganyofilebam sisxlis, samoqalaqo da administraciuli samarTlis saq-meebis gaanalizebiT Semdegi krebulebi Seadgina:362

• saqarTvelos uzenaesi sasamarTlos erTgvarovani praqtika administraciul saq-

meebze;

• saqarTvelos uzenaesi sasamarTlos erTgvarovani praqtika administraciul xel-

SekrulebebTan dakavSirebul davebze;

• saqarTvelos uzenaesi sasamarTlos erTgvarovani praqtika samSeneblo davebze;

• saqarTvelos uzenaesi sasamarTlos erTgvarovani praqtika sisxlis samarTlis

saqmeebze;

• saqarTvelos uzenaesi sasamarTlos ganmartebebi samoqalaqo davebze;

• saqarTvelos uzenaesi sasamarTlos erTgvarovani praqtika samoqalaqo davebze;

• mtkicebis tvirTi.

2018 wlis ganmavlobaSi uzenaesi sasamarTlos analitikurma ganyofilebam adamianisuflebebis mimarTulebiT moamzada Semdegi gamocemebi:

• àdamianis uflebaTa evropuli sasamarTlos 2015-2017 wlebis mniSvnelovani ga-

dawyvetilebebi~; krebuli SemuSavda evrokavSirisa da evropis sabWos erTobli-vi proeqtis _ ̀ saqarTveloSi adamianis uflebaTa evropuli konvenciis gamoyene-ba da erovnuli kanonmdeblobisa da sasamarTlo praqtikis SesabamisobaSi moyva-na evropul standartebTan~ _ farglebSi;

• `saxelmZRvanelo principebi adamianis uflebaTa evropuli konvenciis me-6 mux-

lis Taobaze~ (samoqalaqo samarTlebrivi aspeqtebi);

• `bavSvis meurveobis sakiTxebi samoqalaqo samarTalwarmoebaSi~;

• àdamianis uflebaTa evropuli konvenciis me-3 da me-6 muxlebiT gaTvaliswine-

buli standartebis asaxva erovnul sasamarTlo praqtikaSi~;363

• àdamianis uflebaTa evropuli konvenciis me-5 da me-6 muxlebiT gaTvaliswine-

362 detaluri informacia ganyofilebis kvlevebisa da gamocemebis Taobaze ixileT: http://www.supremecourt.ge/court-decisions/civil-cases/;http://www.supremecourt.ge/court-decisions/administrative-cases/;http://www.supremecourt.ge/court-decisions/administrative-cases/.

363 dakabadonebis procesSia.


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buli standartebis asaxva erovnul sasamarTlo praqtikaSi~.364

uzenaesi sasamarTlo uzrunvelyofs adamianis uflebaTa evropuli sasamarTlos ga-dawyvetilebebis Targmnasa da gamocemas. adamianis uflebaTa centrisa da iusticiissaministros TanamSromlobiT, adamianis uflebaTa evropulma sasamarTlom moamzadaadamianis uflebaTa evropuli sasamarTlos gadawyvetilebebis saZiebo bazis qarTu-lenovani versia (HUDOC). qarTulenovani bazis momzadebas (HUDOC) mxari dauWira ev-rokavSirisa da evrosabWos erToblivma proeqtma `saqarTveloSi adamianis uflebaTaevropuli konvenciis gamoyeneba da erovnuli kanonmdeblobisa da sasamarTlo praq-tikis SesabamisobaSi moyvana evropul standartebTan~. amasTan, HUDOC-is qarTule-novani versiisTvis, uzenaesi sasamarTlosa da Tbilisis saqalaqo sasamarTlos anali-tikuri rgolebis mier da evrokavSiris `sasamarTlos mxardaWeris proeqtis~ xelSew-yobiT, iTargmna evrosasamarTlos 150 gadawyvetileba Tu Semajamebeli daskvna.

adamianis uflebaTa evropuli sasamarTlos gadawyvetilebebis saZiebo monacemTa bazazewvdoma SesaZlebelia inglisur, frangul, rusul, Turqul, espanur da ukve qarTul enebze

sasamarTlos Sida qselis (intranetis) saSualebiT mosamarTleebi da aparatis Tanam-Sromlebi adamianis uflebaTa centrs individualurad mimarTaven adamianis uflebe-bis dargSi precedentuli samarTlis Taobaze gadawyvetilebebis, standartebisa da Se-sabamisi ganmartebebis miRebis mizniT. 2018 wels centrSi dafiqsirda 110 momarTva, cen-tris mier gaanalizda 170 saqme.

uzenaesi sasamarTlos analitikuri ganyofilebis kvlevisa da analizis centris miza-nia, xeli Seuwyos saerTaSoriso standartebis Sesabamisad adgilobrivi sasamarTlopraqtikis gaumjobesebas, konkretuli kvlevebisa da rekomendaciebis momzadebiT. sa-angariSo periodSi momzadda:

• kvleva `ojaxSi Zaladobis saqmeebSi saerTaSoriso standartebis asaxva~, saqar-

Tvelos pirveli instanciis sasamarTloebis mier ganxiluli, 2016-2017 wlebSi ssk-is 126 prima muxliT dakvalificirebuli saqmeebis Taobaze;

• kvleva TavSesafris miniWebis Sesaxeb erovnuli sasamarTlos gadawyvetilebebSi

saerTaSoriso standartebis gamoyenebis Taobaze; kvleva ganxorcielda gaeros

364 dakabadonebis procesSia.


157

umaRlesi komisariatis saqarTvelos warmomadgenlobis ofisTan (UNHCR) erTob-livi muSaobiT;

• kvleva aRkveTis RonisZiebebis gamoyenebis erovnuli sasamarTlo praqtikis ana-

lizis Sesaxeb da misi Sesabamisoba adamianis uflebaTa evropuli sasamarTlosstandartebTan. dokumenti momzadda sisxlis saqmeTa palatis samdivnosa da erov-nuli sasamarTlo praqtikis ganzogadebis ganyofilebasTan erToblivi muSaobisSedegad, evrokavSiris `sasamarTlos mxardaWeris proeqtis~ farglebSi mowveu-li eqspertis mxardaWeriT;

• bavSvTa uflebebis ganmartebiTi leqsikoni-cnobari.365

analitikuri ganyofilebis kvlevebis naxva SesaZlebelia uzenaesi sasamarTlos vebgverdze.

TanamSromloba saerTaSoriso, donor daarasamTavrobo organizaciebTan

uzenaes sasamarTloSi saxelmwifo uwyebebTan, arasamTavrobo, saerTaSoriso da do-nor organizaciebTan, advokatebsa da iuridiuli profesiis sxva warmomadgenlebTankoordinaciisa da komunikaciisTvis calke rgoli Camoyalibda. aRniSnuli mimarTulebauzrunvelyofs sasamarTlos Taobaze strategiisa da samoqmedo gegmebis SemuSavebas.aseve TanamSromlobs saxelmwifo uwyebebTan erovnuli strategiis da samoqmedo geg-mebis momzadebaSi, saerTaSoriso valdebulebebiT gansazRvruli strategiuli amoca-nebis dagegmvasa da Sesabamisi RonisZiebebis ganxorcielebaSi.

uzenaesi sasamarTlos Tavmjdomaris xelmZRvanelobiT uzenaesi sasamarTlo aqtiu-rad iyo CarTuli sasamarTlos 2017-2021 wlebis strategiisa da 2017-2018 wlebis sa-moqmedo gegmis SemuSavebisa da implementaciis procesSi, romelic saqarTvelosa daevrokavSirs Soris asocirebis dRis wesrigis mixedviT, saerTo sasamarTloebis mosa-marTleebis, iusticiis umaRlesi sabWos, saqarTvelos parlamentis, saqarTvelos ius-ticiis saministros, saqarTvelos mTavari prokuraturis, finansTa da Sinagan saqmeTasaministroebis, adamianis uflebaTa dacvis sakiTxebSi saqarTvelos mTavrobis admi-nistraciis samdivnos, saxalxo damcvelis, prezidentis administraciis saparlamentomdivnis, saqarTvelos advokatTa asociaciis, arasamTavrobo organizaciaTa koalici-is, saerTaSoriso da donori organizaciebis aqtiuri monawileobiT warimarTa.

saqarTvelos uzenaesi sasamarTlos Tavmjdomare aqtiurad monawileobda saqarTve-los parlamentis xelmZRvanelobiT mimdinare samuSao SexvedrebSi, romlebic sasamar-Tlo reformis meoTxe talRis sakanonmdeblo cvlilebebis momzadebisTvis gaimarTa.uzenaesi sasamarTlos Tavmjdomaris mxardaWeras, am procesSi Sesabamisi informaciismoZiebisa da sakanonmdeblo winadadebebis SemuSavebis kuTxiT, uzrunvelyofda komu-nikaciis da koordinaciis mimarTuleba.

uzenaesi sasamarTlo TanamSromlobda iusticiis umaRles sabWosTan sasamarTlo sis-temis strategiis erTi wlis angariSis SemuSavebis procesSi, aseve xels uwyobda saer-TaSoriso organizaciebs, strategiiT gaTvaliswinebuli kvlevebis momzadebisas, in-formaciisa da statistikuri monacemebis miwodebis kuTxiT.

uzenaes sasamarTloSi funqcionirebs samecniero-sakonsultacio sabWo, romelic sa-samarTlo praqtikis aqtualur sakiTxebs ganixilavs. qarTveli da ucxoeli eqsperte-bis monawileobiT, sabWo msjelobs da sakuTar mosazrebebs warudgens sakanonmdeblo

365 gamocemis procesSia.


158

an aRmasrulebel xelisuflebas sakanonmdeblo winadadebebTan dakavSirebiT. ismensadvokatebis, arasamTavrobo da saerTaSoriso organizaciebis mosazrebebs sasamarTlopraqtikis mniSvnelovani gadawyvetilebebis Taobaze.

2018 wels samecniero-sakonsultacio sabWom gamarTa sxdomebi:

• iusticiis saministros sakanonmdeblo winadadebis Taobaze sisxlis samarTlis ko-

deqsSi gansaxorcielebel cvlilebebTan dakavSirebiT da SeimuSava rekomendaci-ebi, romelTa umetesi nawili iusticiis saministrom gaiTvaliswina da cvlilebebiSeitana ̀ saqarTvelos sisxlis samarTlis kodeqsis~ Sesabamisi muxlebis proeqtSi;

• aRkveTis RonisZiebebis gamoyenebis, mowmis dakiTxvis wesis, ojaxuri Zaladobisa

da narkotikuli danaSaulebis sakiTxebze qarTuli kanonmdeblobisa da praqti-kis analizis Taobaze, adamianis uflebaTa evropuli sasamarTlos gadawyveti-lebebTan maT Sesabamisobaze;

• evrokonvenciis me-16 damatebiTi oqmis gamoyenebisa da danergvis Taobaze, evro-

puli sasamarTlos komunicirebuli saqmeebis Sesaxeb, evrosasamarTlos gadawyve-tilebebis aRsrulebisa da saqmeTa gadasinjvis sasamarTlo praqtikis Taobaze.sxdomebSi donori organizaciebis366 mowveviT monawileobdnen adamianis ufleba-Ta evropuli sasamarTlos iuristebi, ingliseli eqsperti, evrosasamarTlos ga-dawyvetilebaTa aRsrulebis departamentis warmomadgeneli, evrokavSiris eqsper-tebi, arasamTavrobo organizaciebis warmomadgenlebi. sxdomebze warmodgeniliiyo uzenaesi sasamarTlos analitikuri samsaxuris da erovnuli sasamarTlo praq-tikis kvlevisa da ganzogadebis samsaxurebis kvlevebi da gamocemebi;

• drezdenis samxareo umaRlesi sasamarTlos yofili Tavmjdomaris monawileobiT,

valdebulebis Sesrulebis drois, fuladi valdebulebis Sesrulebis, uZravi niv-Tis sargeblobidan gamomdinare zianis anazRaurebisa da Cuqebis xelSekrulebisTaobaze. RonisZieba ganxorcielda donori organizaciis, germaniis saerTaSori-so TanamSromlobis sazogadoebis (GIZ) mxardaWeriT;

• saqarTvelos uzenaesi sasamarTlos samoqalaqo saqmeTa palatisa da Tbilisis sa-

apelacio sasamarTlos mosamarTleebis monawileobiT, donori organizaciis mxar-daWeriT (germaniis saerTaSoriso TanamSromlobis sazogadoeba GIZ), samoqalaqosaproceso kodeqsis calkeul normebze komentarebis SemuSavebis sakiTxebze;

• bavSvis saukeTeso interesis, monawileobis uflebisa da Rirsebis dacvis sakiT-

xebze, evrokavSiris `sasamarTlos mxardaWeris proeqtis~ mier mowveuli ingli-seli mosamarTlis monawileobiT sasamarTlo praqtikis Taobaze;

• arasamTavrobo organizaciis warmomadgenlebis monawileobiT, narkotikul da-

naSaulebTan dakavSirebiT arsebuli sasamarTlo praqtikis Taobaze;

• maqs plankis institutTan TanamSromlobiT narkodanaSaulis Taobaze, ̀ narkore-

gulaciebi gzajvaredinze _ narkotikebis kontrolis sistemis liberalizacia~;

• saqarTvelos advokatTa asociaciis wevrebis momarTvis safuZvelze saerTaSo-

riso samarTlebrivi urTierTdaxmarebis, samoqalaqo saqmeebze saerTaSorisokerZo da saerTaSoriso samoqalaqo saproceso samarTlisa da ucxo qveynis sasa-marTlos gadawyvetilebebis cnoba-aRsrulebis Taobaze;

• biznesombudsmenis warmomadgenlis monawileobiT lizingis xelSekrulebis Taobaze;

• administraciuli samarTlis mimarTulebiT personaluri monacemebis damuSave-

366 evrokavSirisa da evropis sabWos erToblivi proeqti „saqarTveloSi adamianis uflebaTa ev-ropuli konvenciis gamoyeneba da erovnuli kanonmdeblobisa da sasamarTlo praqtikis Sesaba-misobaSi moyvana evropul standartebTan~, evrokavSiris „sasamarTlos mxardaWeris proeqti~.


159

bisa da gavrcelebis kanonierebis Taobaze;

• saerTaSoriso samarTlebrivi TanamSromlobis germanuli fondis (IRZ) dafinansebi-

Ta da organizebiT, Temaze `gadawyvetilebis miRebis teqnika sisxlis samarTalSi~.

samecniero-sakonsultacio sabWos sisxlis samarTlis seqtoris mimarTulebiT, uze-naes sasamarTloSi Camoyalibda arasrulwlovanTa marTlmsajulebis kodeqsis komen-tarebis SemmuSavebeli samuSao jgufi. SemuSavda kodeqsis 40-ze meti muxlis komenta-ri. process mxars uWerdnen evrokavSiris `sasamarTlo reformis mxardamWeri~ proeq-tisa da gaeros bavSvTa fondis eqspertebi.

uzenaes sasamarTloSi nafic msajulTa sasamarTlo procesis instruqciebis SemmuSa-vebeli samuSao jgufi funqcionirebs. muSavdeba sisxlis samarTlis kodeqsiT gaTva-liswinebuli danaSaulebebis Sesaxeb Sesabamisi ganmartebebi. am process mxars uWersamerikis SeerTebuli Statebis iusticiis departamentis rezidenti samarTlebrivimrCeveli saqarTveloSi.

saqarTvelos uzenaesi sasamarTlos samoqalaqo saqmeTa palatis mosamarTleebisa daTbilisis saapelacio sasamarTlos mosamarTleebis monawileobiT da germaniis saer-TaSoriso TanamSromlobis sazogadoebis (GIZ) mxardaWeriT mimdinareobs muSaoba sa-moqalaqo saproceso kodeqsis calkeul normebze komentarebis SemuSavebis sakiTxeb-ze. damatebiT, GIZ-is mxardaWeriT momzadda sasamarTlo gadawyvetilebebis struqtu-ris saxelmZRvanelo saerTo sasamarTloebis mosamarTleebis monawileobiT.

saqarTvelos uzenaesi sasamarTlo mWidrod TanamSromlobs donorebsa da saerTaSo-riso organizaciebTan da gamoxatavs madlierebas sasamarTlo reformis programebisfarglebSi sasamarTlos damoukideblobisa da miukerZoeblobis, saqmianobis gamWvir-valobisa da efeqtianobis gaZlierebis saqmeSi Setanili wvlilisTvis.


160

saqmianoba marTlmsajulebis efeqtianobisevropul komisiasa (CEPEJ) da evropis

mosamarTleTa sakonsultacio sabWoSi (CCJE)

marTlmsajulebis efeqtianobis evropuli komisia aris evropis sabWosTan arsebulimudmivi organo, romelic Seiqmna 2002 wels da Sedgeba evropis sabWos 47 wevri qveyniseqpertebisgan. komisiis mTavari daniSnulebaa Seafasos wevri qveynebis marTlmsaju-lebis sistemebi da SeimuSaos konkretuli rekomendaciebi maTi efeqtianobis gasaum-jobeseblad, raTa miRweul iqnes adamianis uflebaTa evropuli konvenciiT gaTvalis-winebuli samarTliani sasamarTlos uflebis srulad realizacia.

evropis mosamarTleTa sakonsultacio sabWo (CCJE) aseve evropis sabWosTan arsebulimudmivi organoa 2000 wlidan da Sedgeba evropis sabWos 47 wevri qveynis mosamarTleebi-sagan. yovelwliurad sakonsultacio sabWo SeimuSavebs daskvnebs marTlmsajulebis sxva-dasxva problematur Temebze. aRniSnuli daskvnebi warmoadgens evropis sabWos, rogorcorganizaciisa da misi wevri saxelmwifoebisaTvis saxelmZRvanelo dokumentebs, romle-bic gamoyenebul iqna mraval qveyanaSi mimdinare samarTlebrivi reformis procesSi.

saqarTvelos CEPEJ-sa da CCJE-Si 2016 wlidan warmoadgens uzenaesi sasamarTlos mo-samarTle nino baqaquri, romelic komisiisa da sabWos wevrad wardgenilia samosamar-Tlo uflebamosilebis vadiT. 2018 wels CEPEJ-isa da CCJE-s plenarul sesiebze ninobaqaquri airCies agreTve komisiis marTlmsajulebis xarisxis samuSao jgufisa (CEPEJGT-QUAL) da sakonsultacio sabWos daskvnebis SemmuSavebeli samuSao jgufis wevrad.

mimdinare wels CEPEJ-is 30-e da 31-e plenaruli sesiebi gaimarTa evropis sabWos wevrqveynebSi marTlmsajulebis mdgomareobis Sesaxeb morigi orwliani angariSis Taoba-ze. aRniSnuli angariSi moicavs 2016-2017 wlebis monacemebs da oficialurad gamoq-veynda 2018 wlis oqtomberSi.

2018 wels gaimarTa marTlmsajulebis xarisxis samuSao jgufis (CEPEJ GT-QUAL) oriSexvedra, momzadda marTlmsajulebis sistemebis efeqtianobisa da xarisxis Sefasebis2018 wlis angariSi, evropis eTikis qartia xelov-nuri inteleqtis gamoyenebis TaobazeCEPEJ(2018)14, saxelmZRvanelo principebi sasamar-Tloebisa da prokuraturisTvis mediasa da sazo-gadoebasTan komunikaciis Sesaxeb (CEPEJ(2018)15),sasamarTloebSi drois menejmentis Taobaze saxel-mZRvanelo wesebSi cvlilebebi (CEPEJ(2018)20) dasxva gamocemebi marTlmsajulebis efeqtianobissakiTxis irgvliv.

2018 wlis ganmavlobaSi evropis mosamarTleTa sa-konsultacio sabWom miiRo daskvna `mosamarTle-Ta Soris korufciis prevenciis Sesaxeb~. CCJE #21(2018) daskvna `mosamarTleTa Soris korufciisprevenciis Sesaxeb~ gamoxatavs evropis sabWos wev-ri 47 saxelmwifos mosamarTleebis damokidebule-bas mosamarTleTa Soris korufciis problemisad-mi, maT xedvas mosamarTleTa korufciis Tavidanacilebisa da mis winaaRmdeg brZolis saqmeSi TiTo-euli mosamarTlis rolis Taobaze.

CCJE #21 (2018) daskvnis damtkicebis Semdgom, sesiam moismina informacia evropis sab-Wos wevr qveynebSi sabWos mier SemuSavebuli daskvnebis gamoyenebisa da maT Sesaxeb cno-bierebis amaRlebis RonisZiebaze; maT Soris, informacia 2018 wlis zafxulSi evropis


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sabWos Tbilisis ofisis organizebiT CCJE daskvnebis qarTul enaze Targmnisa da ga-moqveynebis, agreTve, maTi prezentaciis Taobaze.

sesiam miiRo gadawyvetileba momaval wels #22 daskvnis momzadebis Sesaxeb mosamar-TleTa TanaSemweebis saqmianobis Taobaze. aseve miiRo gadawyvetileba, evropis sabWosgeneraluri mdivnis SeTavazebis Sesabamisad, 2019 wlisaTvis evropis sabWos wevr sa-xelmwifoebSi sasamarTlos damoukideblobasa da miukerZoeblobaze axali angariSismomzadebis Sesaxeb.

CCJE plenarulma sesiam moismina informacia saqarTveloSi ganxorcielebuli sakon-stitucio cvlilebebis Taobaze, romlebic exeba uzenaes sasamarTloSi mosamarTle-Ta raodenobas, maTi arCevis wessa da uflebamosilebis vadas.

2018 wels uzenaesi sasamarTlo gawevrianda evropis sabWos wevri saxelmwifoebis umaR-les sasamarTloTa qselSi, romlis mizania adamianis uflebaTa evropuli sasamarTlospraqtikis danergvis xelSewyoba, sasamarTlo praqtikisa da samarTlis aqtualuri sa-kiTxebis irgvliv informaciisa da gamocdilebis gacvla, profesiuli kavSirebis dam-kvidreba. mimdinare wels strasburgSi gaimarTa umaRles sasamarTloTa qselis sakon-taqto pirTa meore forumi evrokonvenciis me-16 oqmis ZalaSi Sesvlisa da amoqmedebissakiTxebze.

evropis sabWos wevri saxelmwifoebis umaRlessasamarTloTa qseli (SCN)


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kvalifikaciis asamaRlebeli programebi,delegaciaTa vizitebi

marTlmsajulebisa da sasamarTlo sistemis funqcionirebis Sesaxeb sazogadoebis in-formirebulobis uzrunvelyofisa da ndobis amaRlebis mizniT, uzenaesma sasamarTlomumaspinZla 27 saganmanaTleblo RonisZiebas da gaimarTa 54 imitirebuli sasamarTloprocesi iuridiuli fakultetis studentebisa da skolis moswavleebis monawileobiT.

saangariSo wlis ganmavlobaSi ganxorcielda uzenaesi sasamarTlos mosamarTleebisvizitebi evropis sxvadasxva qveyanaSi konferenciebsa da samuSao SexvedrebSi monawi-leobis misaRebad, samosamarTlo gamocdilebisa da Semdgomi profesiuli ganviTare-bis mizniT:

• 2018 wlis 17-18 ianvari, haaga, (niderlandebi), saerTaSoriso sisxlis sasamarTlos

(ICC) wlis sesiebis gaxsnisadmi miZRvnili seminari;

• 2018 wlis 29 ianvari, strasburgi (safrangeTi), adamianis uflebaTa evropuli sa-

samarTlos samuSao wlis gaxsnis ceremonia sasamarTlo xelisuflebis gamowve-vebis, xelisuflebis danawilebis principis, sasamarTlosa da mosamarTleebis pa-suxismgeblobisa da angariSvaldebulebis, sasamarTloebis komunikaciis stra-tegiis Taobaze. viziti evropis sabWos proeqtis `sasamarTlo reformis mxarda-Weris~ farglebSi ganxorcielda;

• 2018 wlis 26 Tebervali _ 1 marti, Jeneva, (Sveicaria), marTlmsajulebis xelmi-

sawvdomobis sakiTxebi garemos dacvis Temebze, samizne jgufis XI Sexvedra. vizi-ti mxardaWerili iyo evropis ekonomikuri komisiis samdivnos mier (UNECE);

• 2018 wlis 26 Tebervali _ 2 marti, budapeSti (ungreTi), saerTaSoriso samarTaldam-

cavi akademiis (ILEA) saswavlo kursi mosamarTleebisa da prokurorebisTvis. vizi-


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ti saqarTveloSi amerikis iusticiis departamentis mxardaWeriT ganxorcielda;

• 2018 wlis 15-16 marti, parizi, bordo, (safrangeTi), saqarTvelos uzenaesi sasamar-

Tlos Tavmjdomaris da iusticiis umaRlesi sabWos wevrebis saswavlo viziti. gan-xorcielda evrokavSiris `sasamarTlos mxardaWeris proeqtis~ mxardaWeriT;

• 2018 wlis 23-26 aprili, lubliana, (slovenia), sloveniaSi saqarTvelos marTlmsa-

julebis sistemis xelmZRvanel pirTa saswavlo viziti. ganxorcielda evrokav-Siris `sasamarTlos mxardaWeris proeqtis~ mxardaWeriT;

• 2018 wlis 28-30 maisi, parizi, (safrangeTi), bavSvTa marTlmsajulebis sistemis

gaZlierebis sakiTxebisadmi miZRvnili konferencia. uzenaesi sasamarTlos Tav-mjdomaris viziti gaeros bavSvTa fondis (UNICEF) mxardaWeriT ganxorcielda;

• 2018 wlis 20-23 maisi, strasburgi, (safrangeTi), saqarTvelos uzenaesi sasamar-

Tlos Tavmjdomaris moadgilis, mosamarTleebis, TanaSemweebisa da analitiku-ri samsaxuris warmomadgenlebis samuSao viziti. ganxorcielda evropis sabWosproeqtis `sasamarTlo reformis mxardaWeris~ farglebSi;

• 2018 wlis 27-30 maisi, vilniusi, (litva), litvis uzenaesi sasamarTlos, centra-

luri da aRmosavleT evropis uzenaesi sasamarTloebis Tavmjdomareebis yovel-wliuri konferencia;

• 2018 wlis 5-8 seqtemberi, moletai, (litva), samarTlebrivi forumi ̀ saqarTvelosa

da ukrainis mxardaWera, samarTlebrivi reformebis ganxorcieleba~;

• 2018 wlis 10-13 oqtomberi, stamboli, (TurqeTi), uzenaesi sasamarTloebis IV sa-

erTaSoriso samiti `gamWvirvaloba marTlmsajulebis procesSi~;

• 2018 wlis 9-23 oqtomberi, germania, mosamarTleTa germanuli asociaciisa da ger-

maniis federaluri saxelmwifoebis iusticiis saministros mxardaWeriT, saswav-lo programa samoqalaqo da komerciuli samarTlis saqmeebze inglisurenovanimosamarTleebisTvis. viziti germaniis iusticiis saministrosa da saerTaSorisosamarTlebrivi TanamSromlobis germanuli fondis (IRZ) mxardaWeriT ganxorci-elda;

• 2018 wlis 8-9 noemberi, strasburgi, (safrangeTi), saswavlo viziti saqarTvelos

parlamentis adamianis uflebaTa dacvisa da samoqalaqo integraciis komitetiswevrebisa da uzenaesi sasamarTlos analitikuri samsaxuris monawileobiT. vizi-ti evrokavSirisa da evropis sabWos erToblivi proeqtis _ ̀ saqarTveloSi adami-anis uflebaTa evropuli konvenciis gamoyeneba da erovnuli kanonmdeblobisa dasasamarTlo praqtikis SesabamisobaSi moyvana evropul standartebTan~ _ mxar-daWeriT ganxorcielda;

• 2018 wlis 3-7 dekemberi, drezdeni (germania), mosamarTleTa samuSao viziti germaniis

federaciuli respublikis drezdenis umaRles samxareo sasamarTloSi. viziti gan-xorcielda germaniis saerTaSoriso TanamSromlobis sazogadoebis (GIZ) mxardaWeriT;

• 2018 wlis 5-6 dekemberi, vena, (avstria), eleqtronuli marTlmsajulebis konfe-

rencia 2018 (`e-Justice Conference~). viziti saqarTveloSi avstriis saelCos mxarda-WeriT ganxorcielda;

• 2018 wlis 16-19 dekemberi, baqo, (azerbaijani), meore evraziuli samarTlebrivi

Sexvedra `saerTaSoriso samarTali marTlsajulebisTvis~, romelic organize-buli iyo erToblivad TurqeTis samarTlebrivi platformis (THP), saerTaSori-so samarTlis asociaciisa da azerbaijanis advokatTa asociaciis mier.


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uzenaes sasamarTlos stumrobdnen Semdegi qveynebis warmomadgenlebi:

• TurqmeneTis uzenaesi sasamarTlos mosamarTleTa delegacia

• amerikis SeerTebuli Statebis iusticiis departamentis programis farglebSi,

amerikis SeerTebuli Statebis jorjiis Statis mosamarTleTa delegacia

• amerikis SeerTebuli Statebis saerTaSoriso ganviTarebis saagentos (USAID)

programis _ ̀ kanonis uzenaesobis mxardaWera saqarTveloSi~ (PROLOG) _ fargleb-Si, amerikis meoTxe federaluri olqis saapelacio sasamarTlos mosamarTle

• saerTaSoriso iuristTa komisiis germanuli seqciis warmomadgenlebi, germaniis

federaluri sakonstitucio sasamarTlos mosamarTlisa da saerTaSoriso iuris-tTa komisiis germanuli seqciis Tavmjdomaris xelmZRvanelobiT

• norvegiis samefos marTlmsajulebis sistemis maRali warmomadgenlobis delegacia

• ukrainis marTlmsajulebis sistemis reformis, arasrulwlovanTa marTlmsaju-

lebis sakiTxebze momuSave jgufis wevrebi

• ukrainis sasamarTlo sistemis delegacia, qarTuli marTlmsajulebis sistemis

gacnobiTi da samuSao viziti

• slovakeTis respublikis uzenaesi sasamarTlos mudmivi wevri da senatis Tav-

mjdomare mosamarTle da delegaciis wevrebi

• yazaxeTis iusticiis saministros, advokatTa asociaciisa da adamianis ufleba-

Ta dacvis centris warmomadgenlebi

• nepalis marTlmsajulebis delegacia

• sloveniis uzenaesi sasamarTlos warmomadgeneli

• argentinis iusticiis ministri

• yazaxeTis respublikis prezidentTan arsebuli saxelmwifo marTvis akademiis Ta-

namSromelTa delegacia

• evropaSi usafrTxoebisa da TanamSromlobis organizaciis saerTaSoriso sadam-

kvirveblo misiis warmomadgenlebi

• tajikeTisa da belarusiis sasamarTlo sistemebis warmomadgenelTa gaerTiane-

buli delegaciebi (UNICEF)

• seulis (samxreTi korea) umaRlesi sasamarTlos Tavmjdomare

• evrosabWos saparlamento asambleis delegacias wevrebi

• avRaneTis konstituciis implementaciaze zedamxedvelobis damoukidebeli ko-

misiis (ICOIC-Independent Commission for Overseeing the Implementation of the Constitution) ma-Rali rangis delegaciis wevrebi

• ungreTis iusticiis saminitros delegacia iusticiis ministris xelmZRvanelo-

biT

uzenaesi sasamarTlos mosamarTleebis da delegaciebis vizitebis momzadebasa damxardaWeras axorcielebda uzenaesi sasamarTlos protokolis samsaxuri.


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uzenaesi sasamarTlos samoqalaqo saqmeTa palatis mosamarTleebis viziti drezdenisumaRles samxareo sasamarTloSi, romlis farglebSi gaimarTa Sexvedrebi sasamarTlos

Tavmjdomare gilbert hefnerTan, umaRlesi samxareo sasamarTlos Tavmjdomarismoadgilesa da saqsoniis mxaris sakonstitucio sasamarTlos mosamarTle birgiT muncTan,

mosamarTleebTan _ gezine TiusTan, elizabeT liukhof-zemsdorfTan, ulf iohanesdikerTan, sabine SloshanTan, sabine SionknexTsa da diTmar onusaiTTan. drezdeni, 2018 weli

uzenaesi sasamarTlos samoqalaqo saqmeTa palatis mosamarTleebis viziti drezdenis umaRlessamxareo sasamarTloSi. vizitis farglebSi gaimarTa Sexvedrebi sasamarTlos Tavmjdomaregilbert hefnerTan, yofil Tavmjdomare ulrix hagenloxTan, sasamarTlos Tavmjdomarismoadgilesa da saqsoniis mxaris sakonstitucio sasamarTlos mosamarTle birgiT muncTan,

mosamarTleebTan _ gezine TiusTan, elizabeT liukhof-zemsdorfTan, ulf iohanes dikerTan,sabine SloshanTan, sabine SionknexTsa da diTmar onusaiTTan. drezdeni, 2018 weli


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uzenaesi sasamarTlos viziti strasburgSi

saangariSo wels saqarTvelos uzenaesi sasamarTlos analitikuri rgolebisa da mosa-marTleTa TanaSemweebisaTvis moewyo samuSao Sexvedra, romelic Seexeboda evropulistandartebis danergvas aRkveTis RonisZiebebis gamoyenebasTan dakavSirebiT. treningsmowveuli ingliseli eqsperti _ jeremi makbraidi uZRveboda. uzenaesi sasamarTlos,saqalaqo da saapelacio instanciis mosamarTleebisTvis gaimarTa treningi `SesavalievrokavSiris samarTalSi da adamianis uflebaTa standartebi evrokavSiris marTlmsa-julebis sasamarTlos precedentul samarTalSi~. maTi gamarTva uzrunvelyo ̀ sasamar-Tlos mxardaWeris proeqtma~.

evrokavSiris da amerikis SeerTebuli Statebis saerTaSoriso ganviTarebis saagentosproeqtebis daxmarebiT, kvlav gagrZelda samuSao Sexvedrebi mosamarTleebisTvis ada-mianis uflebaTa evropuli sasamarTlos standartebis danergvis Taobaze. saqarTve-los uzenaesi sasamarTlosa da evrokavSiris ̀ sasamarTlos mxardaWeris proeqtis~ er-Toblivi organizebiT, saqarTvelos uzenaesi sasamarTlos samarTlebrivi rgolis gan-yofilebebis warmomadgenlebisaTvis samuSao Sexvedra gaimarTa analitikuri angari-Sebis momzadebis mizniT uzenaes sasamarTloSi Sesabamisi samsaxurebis koordinaciisada TanamSromlobis SesaZleblobebis gasaZliereblad.

uzenaesi sasamarTlosa da donori organizaciis TanamSromlobis farglebSi, konku-renciis samarTlis sakiTxebze mosamarTleebisa da mwerali TanaSemweebisTvis semina-rebis cikli gaimarTa, romelsac uZRvebodnen evropis marTlmsajulebis sasamarTlos


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mosamarTleebi, evropis wamyvani iuridiuli kompaniis advokatebi da mowveuli eqsper-tebi.

uzenaesma sasamarTlom daafinansa mosamarTleTa inglisuri enis swavlebis kursi dasasamarTlos TanamSromelTa iuridiuli inglisuri enis swavlebis kursi, romlebicbritaneTis sabWos (British Council) specialistebma Caatares.

saangariSo periodSi, evropis sxvadasxva wamyvan saganmanaTleblo dawesebulebaSi uze-naesi sasamarTlos aparatis sami TanamSromeli saswavlo vizitiT imyofeboda.

marTlmsajulebis zamTrisa da zafxulis skola

saqarTvelos uzenaesma sasamarTlom, iusticiis umaRles sabWosa da iusticiis umaR-les skolasTan erTad, mosamarTleTa TanaSemweebisa da analitikuri rgolebis Tanam-SromlebisTvis marTlmsajulebis sakiTxebze zamTrisa da zafxulis skolis gamarTvistradicia daamkvidra. aRniSnuli iniciativa donori organizaciebis mxardaWeriT gan-xorcielda.367

`zamTris da zafxulis skolis~ farglebSi, monawileebma aimaRles kvalifikacia Sem-deg sakiTxebze:

• saqarTvelos sasamarTlo sistemis ganviTareba da mimdinare samizneebi saerTa-

Soriso valdebulebebis WrilSi;

• sasamarTlos damoukideblobis aucilebeli winapirobebi mosamarTlis perspeq-

tividan;

• komunikaciis standartebi sasamarTlo sistemaSi;

• saqarTvelos sakonstitucio sasamarTlosa da saqarTvelos saerTo sasamarTlo-

ebis mniSvnelovani praqtikis mimoxilva;

• diskriminaciis akrZalva;

• sasamarTlo eTika;

• adamianis uflebebze dafuZnebuli midgoma;

• aRdgeniTi marTlmsajulebisa da davis alternatiuli gadawyvetis sakiTxebi;

• bavSvze orientirebuli marTlmsajulebis sistema;

• samarTlebrivi wera.

367 evrokavSiris sasamarTlos mxardaWeris proeqtis (EU4 Justice), amerikis SeerTebuli StatebissaerTaSoriso ganviTarebis saagentos `kanonis uzenaesobis mxardaWeris proeqtis~ (USAID/PROLOG), saqarTveloSi evropis sabWos ofisis mier ganxorcielebuli proeqtis ̀ sasamarTloreformis mxardaWera saqarTveloSi~ (proeqti finansdeba bulgareTis, lixtenSteinis same-fos, litvis, norvegiis, slovakeTisa da SvedeTis keTili nebis SemowirulobiT, romlis mi-zania evropis sabWos 2016-2019 wlebis samoqmedo gegmis ganxorcieleba (CoE)), evrokavSirisada gaeros erToblivi proeqti `xelmisawvdomi marTlmsajuleba da bavSvze morgebuli mar-Tlmsajulebis sistemis ganviTareba saqarTveloSi~, romelsac axorcielebs gaeros bavSvTafondi (UNICEF) da gaeros ganviTarebis programa (UNDP), evrokavSirisa da gaeros erTobli-vi programa ̀ adamianis uflebebi yvelasTvis _ adamianis uflebaTa dacvis erovnuli strate-giisa da samoqmedo gegmis xelSewyoba da monitoringi~, romelsac axorcielebs gaeros adami-anis uflebaTa umaRlesi komisariatis ofisi (UN OHCHR).


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skolaSi swavleba qarTul da inglisur enebze mimdinareobda. zamTrisa da zafxulisskolis 9 gamarjvebuli _ Tbilisis saqalaqo sasamarTlos mosamarTlis TanaSemweebi,iusticiis umaRlesi sabWos samarTlebrivi uzrunvelyofis ganyofilebis warmomad-geneli, saqarTvelos uzenaesi sasamarTlos samarTlebrivi uzrunvelyofis ganyofi-lebis warmomadgeneli da Tbilisis saapelacio sasamarTlos mosamarTlis TanaSemwe,sasamarTlo reformis mxardamWeri saerTaSoriso organizaciebis mier dawesebuli sa-gangebo jildoebiT _ amerikis SeerTebul StatebSi (vaSingtoni da san francisko), ada-mianis uflebaTa evropul sasamarTloSi (strasburgi, safrangeTi), aRdgeniTi mar-Tlmsajulebis simpoziumSi monawileobis misaRebad (bilbao, espaneTi) da saerTaSo-riso sisxlis sasamarTloSi (haaga, holandia) gasamgzavrebeli saswavlo-profesiulituriT dajildovda. iusticiis umaRlesma skolam ori gamarjvebuli monawile daajil-dova mosamarTleTa sakvalifikacio gamocdisTvis mosamzadebeli kursiT.

uzenaesi sasamarTlos Tavmjdomare da iusticiis umaRlesi sabWos mdivanimarTlmsajulebis zamTris skolis gamarjvebulebsa da donor organizaciebTan erTad

marTlmsajulebis muzeumi

2013 wlidan uzenaesi sasamarTlos SenobaSi funqcionirebs ̀ marTlmsajulebis muze-umi~. masSi is nivTebi da atributebia ganTavsebuli, romlebic saqarTveloSi samar-Tlis ganviTarebasTan istoriuladaa dakavSirebuli. gamofenilia Zveli qarTuli sa-marTlis Zeglebi, aseve ganTavsebulia informacia uzenaesi sasamarTlos istoriisa daim cnobili sazogado moRvaweebis Sesaxeb, romlebsac qarTuli samarTlis ganviTare-baSi didi wvlili miuZRviT.

biblioTeka

saqarTvelos uzenaesi sasamarTlos specializebuli iuridiuli biblioTeka 2003 welsgaixsna. masSi 6812 wignia daculi, maT Soris, qarTulenovani _ 3550, ucxouri _ 2700 (ru-suli, germanuli, inglisuri, franguli, italiuri).


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informacia sasamarTlos biujetis Sesaxeb

2018 wlis uzenaesi sasamarTlos biujeti Seadgenda 8.4 milion lars, xolo 2019 wlisbiujeti damtkicebulia 9 500 000 laris odenobiT.

uzenaesi sasamarTlos biujetis muxlebi (Tanxa aTas larebSi)

2018 wlis periodSi moewyo 30 tenderi 796 648 laris savaraudo RirebulebiT. satende-ro winadadebam Seadgina 696 634.72 lari, e.i. sasamarTlom gamarTuli tenderebidan mi-iRo 100 013.28 laris ekonomia; gamartivebuli Sesyidvebis saSualebiT gaformebulia124 xelSekruleba, Sesyidulia 213 721.92 laris saqoneli da momsaxureba; konsolidi-rebuli tenderiT daido 15 xelSekruleba, saerTo TanxiT 246 557.36 laris odenobiT.


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danarTi

statistikuri informacia saqmeTaganxilvis Taobaze

bolo aTi wlis (2008-2018 wlebi) monacemebis analizi gviCvenebs, rom saapelacio sasa-marTloebis mier saapelacio saCivris safuZvelze ganxiluli saqmeebidan, sakasa-cio instanciaSi saSualod saCivrdeba samoqalaqo saqmeebis 40%, administraciulisaqmeebis 56% da sisxlis samarTlis saqmeebis 40%.

saqarTvelos uzenaes sasamarTloSi 2018 wels sul Semovida 4741 saqme, rac 1017-iT,anu 27,3%-iT aRemateba 2017 wels Semosuli saqmeebis raodenobas. unda aRiniSnos, romukanaskneli wlebis ganmavlobaSi sakasacio instanciaSi Semosuli saqmeebis yvelaze ma-Rali maCvenebeli 2018 wels dafiqsirda.

uzenaes sasamarTloSi Semosuli saqmeebis raodenoba

2018 wels uzenaesi sasamarTlos mier sul ganxilulia 3844 saqme, rac 324-iT, anu 9,2%-iT, aRemateba 2017 wels ganxiluli saqmeebis raodenobas.

uzenaes sasamarTloSi ganxiluli saqmeebis raodenoba


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samoqalaqo saqmeTa palata

samoqalaqo saqmeTa palataSi 2018 wels sul Semovida 2138 saqme (sakasacio saCivari,kerZo saCivari, Suamdgomloba, sarCelis uzrunvelyofa), anu 30,3%-iT meti 2017 wel-Tan SedarebiT. aqedan, 1963 saqme Semosulia sakasacio da kerZo saCivris safuZvelze,rac 34,8%-iT aRemateba 2017 wlis analogiur maCvenebels.

samoqalaqo saqmeTa palataSi Semosuli saqmeebis raodenoba

samoqalaqo saqmeTa palatis mier 2018 wels sul ganxilulia 1681 saqme, anu 8,1%-iTmeti, vidre 2017 wels. aqedan, sakasacio da kerZo saCivris safuZvelze ganxilulia 1522saqme, anu 9,8%-iT meti 2017 welTan SedarebiT.

ganxiluli saqmeebis raodenoba


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samoqalaqo saqmeTa palataSi, 2018 wels, sakasacio saCivris safuZvelze, ganxilulia1051 saqme (2017 wels _ 1020), aqedan:

_ dauSvebladaa cnobili 568 saqme, anu ganxiluli saqmeebis 54,0% (2017 wels _ 544saqme, anu 53,3%);

_ ganuxilvelad darCa sakasacio saCivarze xarvezis Seuvseblobis an sxva safuZ-vlis gamo 281 saqme, anu ganxiluli saqmeebis 26,7% (2017 wels _ 265 saqme, anu 26%);

_ gauqmda da miRebulia 59 axali gadawyvetileba, anu ganxiluli saqmeebis 5,6% (2017wels _ 67 saqme, anu 6,6%);

_ gauqmda da xelaxali ganxilvisaTvis sasamarTlos daubrunda 29 saqme, anu ganxi-luli saqmeebis 2,8% (2017 wels _ 38 saqme, anu 3,7%);

_ gauqmda da sarCeli darCa ganuxilveli 18 saqmeze, anu ganxiluli saqmeebis 1,7%(2017 wels _ 6 saqmeze, anu 0,6%);

_ ucvlelad darCa 65 gadawyvetileba, anu ganxiluli saqmeebis 6,2% (2017 wels _ 63saqme, anu 6,2%);

_ morigebiT dasrulda 20 saqme, anu ganxiluli saqmeebis 1,9% (2017 wels _ 9 saqme,anu 0,9%);

_ Sewyda 11 saqme, anu ganxiluli saqmeebis 1,0% (2017 wels _ 13 saqme, anu 1,3%).

sakasacio saCivris ganxilvis Sedegebi

2018 weli


173

2017 weli

sakasacio instanciaSi erT-erTi mniSvnelovani maCvenebeli aris gadawyvetilebaTa sta-bilurobis maCvenebeli, romelic samoqalaqo saqmeebis mixedviT dinamikaSi Semdeg su-raTs iZleva:

stabilurobis maCvenebeli samoqalaqo saqmeebis mixedviT (procenti)

sakmaod mniSvnelovania saqmeTa ganxilvis saSualo vadebi: 2018 wels sakasacio saCiv-ris safuZvelze ganxiluli 1051 saqmis mixedviT, ganxilvis saSualo vada Seadgenda 4,4Tves, 2017 wels _ 3,8 Tves.


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sakasacio saCivrebis ganxilvis saSualo vadebi (Tve)

samoqalaqo saqmeTa palataSi yovelwliurad izrdeba zepiri mosmeniT ganxiluli saq-meebis raodenoba: Tu 2012-2014 wlebSi zepiri mosmeniT ganxiluli iyo mxolod 24 saq-me, 2015-2017 wlebSi maTi ricxvi 98-mde gaizarda, xolo 2018 wels zepiri mosmeniT gan-xilulia 52 samoqalaqo saqme, rac 89%-iT aRemateba 2017 wlis maCvenebels.

zepiri mosmeniT ganxiluli saqmeebis raodenoba

2018 wels zepiri mosmenis safuZvelze ganxiluli 52 saqmidan (2017 wels _ 27 saqme):

_ gauqmda da miRebulia 13 axali gadawyvetileba, anu zepiri mosmeniT ganxilulisaqmeebis 25,0% (2017 wels _ 5 saqme, anu 18,5%);

_ gauqmda da xelaxali ganxilvisaTvis daubrunda sasamarTlos 7 saqme, anu zepirimosmeniT ganxiluli saqmeebis 13,5% (2017 wels _ 3 saqme, anu 11,1%);


175

_ gauqmda da 3 sarCeli darCa ganuxilveli, anu zepiri mosmeniT ganxiluli saqmee-bis 5,8%;

_ ucvlelad darCa 9 gadawyvetileba, anu zepiri mosmeniT ganxiluli saqmeebis 17,3%(2017 wels _ 12 saqme, anu 44,4%);

_ morigebiT dasrulda 16 saqme, anu zepiri mosmeniT ganxiluli saqmeebis 30,8% (2017wels _ 2 saqme, anu 7,4%);

_ dauSvebladaa cnobili 4 saqme, anu zepiri mosmeniT ganxiluli saqmeebis 7,8%.

zepiri mosmeniT ganxiluli

samoqalaqo saqmeebis ganxilvis Sedegebi (procenti)


176

administraciul saqmeTa palata

administraciul saqmeTa palataSi 2018 wels sul Semovida 1616 saqme (sakasacio saCi-vari, kerZo saCivari, gansjadobis saqmeebi, sarCelis uzrunvelyofa), anu 33,2%-iT me-ti 2017 welTan SedarebiT. aqedan, 1575 saqme Semosulia sakasacio da kerZo saCivrissafuZvelze, rac 35,1%-iT aRemateba 2017 wlis analogiur maCvenebels.

administraciul saqmeTa palataSi Semosuli saqmeebis raodenoba

administraciul saqmeTa palatam 2018 wels sul ganixila 1259 saqme, anu 19,7%-iT me-ti, vidre 2017 wels. aqedan, sakasacio da kerZo saCivris safuZvelze ganxilulia 1216saqme, anu 21,0%-iT meti 2017 welTan SedarebiT.

ganxilul saqmeTa raodenoba

administraciul saqmeTa palataSi 2018 wels, sakasacio saCivris safuZvelze, ganxi-lulia 1139 saqme (2017 wels _ 948), aqedan:

_ dauSvebladaa cnobili 969 saqme, anu ganxiluli saqmeebis 85,1% (2017 wels _ 832saqme, anu 87,8%);

_ ganuxilvelad darCa sakasacio saCivarze xarvezis Seuvseblobis an sxva safuZ-vlis gamo 72 saqme, anu ganxiluli saqmeebis 6,3% (2017 wels _ 46 saqme, anu 4,9%);


177

_ gauqmda da miRebulia 56 axali gadawyvetileba, anu ganxiluli saqmeebis 4,9% (2017wels _ 31 saqme, anu 3,3%);

_ gauqmda da xelaxali ganxilvisaTvis sasamarTlos daubrunda 21 saqme, anu ganxi-luli saqmeebis 1,8% (2017 wels _ 19, anu 2,0%);

_ ucvlelad darCa 13 gadawyvetileba, anu ganxiluli saqmeebis 1,1% (2017 wels _ 9saqme, anu 0,9%);

_ morigebiT dasrulda 2 saqme, anu ganxiluli saqmeebis 0,2% (2017 wels _ 2, anu 0,2%);

_ Sewyda 6 saqme, anu ganxiluli saqmeebis 0,5% (2017 wels _ 9, anu 0,9%).

sakasacio saCivrebis ganxilvis Sedegebi

2018 weli

2017 weli

gadawyvetilebaTa stabilurobis maCvenebeli administraciuli saqmeebis mixedviT, di-namikaSi Semdeg suraTs iZleva:


178

stabilurobis maCvenebeli administraciuli saqmeebis mixedviT (procenti)

administraciul saqmeTa palataSi 2018 wels sakasacio saCivris safuZvelze ganxilu-li 1040 saqmis mixedviT, ganxilvis saSualo vada Seadgenda 4,5 Tves, 2017 wels _ 3,8 Tves.


2018 wels, zepiri mosmenis safuZvelze, ganxilulia 9 saqme (2017 wels _ 10), aqedan:

_ gauqmda da miRebulia 2 axali gadawyvetileba, anu zepiri mosmeniT ganxilulisaqmeebis 22,2% (2017 wels _ 4 saqme, anu 40%);

_ gauqmda da xelaxali ganxilvisaTvis sasamarTlos daubrunda 1 saqme, anu zepirimosmeniT ganxiluli saqmeebis 11,1% (2017 wels _ 3, anu 30%);

_ ucvlelad darCa 5 gadawyvetileba, anu zepiri mosmeniT ganxiluli saqmeebis 55,6%(2017 wels _ 3 saqme, anu 30%;

_ morigebiT dasrulda 1 saqme, anu zepiri mosmeniT ganxiluli saqmeebis 11,1%.


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zepiri mosmenis safuZvelze ganxiluli administraciuli saqmeebis Sedegebi(procenti)

administraciul saqmeTa palataSi, ganxiluli sakasacio saCivrebis mixedviT, uka-naskneli wlebis ganmavlobaSi SenarCunebulia fizikuri da iuridiuli pirebis sasar-geblod gadawyvetili saqmeebis raodenobis zrdis tendencia _ 2018 wels fizikuri daiuridiuli pirebis sasargeblod dasrulda ganxilul saqmeTa 64,1%, aqedan, sagadasa-xado davebis mixedviT, fizikuri da iuridiuli pirebis sasargeblod gadawyvetiliaganxiluli saqmeebis 68,9%.

sakasacio saCivrebis ganxilvis Sedegebi


180

sisxlis samarTlis saqmeTa palata

sisxlis samarTlis saqmeTa palataSi 2018 wels sul Semovida 987 saqme (sakasacio saCi-vari, kerZo saCivari, saCivari), anu 13,4%-iT meti 2017 welTan SedarebiT. aqedan, 874saqme Semosulia sakasacio da kerZo saCivris safuZvelze, rac 16,8 %-iT aRemateba 2017wlis analogiur maCvenebels.

sisxlis samarTlis palataSi Semosuli saqmeebis raodenoba

sisxlis samarTlis saqmeTa palatis mier 2018 wels sul ganxilulia 904 saqme, anu 1%-iT naklebi, vidre 2017 wels. aqedan, sakasacio da kerZo saCivris safuZvelze ganxilu-lia 775 saqme, anu 4,3%-iT meti 2017 welTan SedarebiT.

sisxlis samarTlis palataSi ganxiluli saqmeebis raodenoba


181

sisxlis samarTlis saqmeTa palataSi, 2018 wels, sakasacio saCivris safuZvelze, ganxi-lulia 737 saqme (2017 wels _ 712), aqedan:

_ dauSvebladaa cnobili 654 saqme, anu ganxiluli saqmeebis 88,7% (2017 wels _ 624,anu 87,6%);

_ ganuxilvelad darCa saCivris ukan gaTxovis an sxva safuZvlis gamo 10 saqme, anuganxiluli saqmeebis 1,4% (2017 wels _ 3, anu 0,4%);

_ ucvlelad darCa 11 ganaCeni, anu ganxiluli saqmeebis 1,5% (2017 wels _ 26 saqme,anu 3,7%);

_ gauqmda 16 ganaCeni, anu ganxiluli saqmeebis 2,2% (2017 wels _ 5 saqme, anu 0,7%);

_ Seicvala 46 ganaCeni, anu ganxiluli saqmeebis 6,2% (2017 wels _ 54 saqme, anu 7,6%).

sakasacio saCivrebis ganxilvis Sedegebi (procenti)

2018 weli


182

2017 weli

sisxlis samarTlis saqmeTa palatam 2018 wels 14 piris mimarT gaauqma gamamtyunebeliganaCeni da gamoitana gamamarTlebeli ganaCeni (2017 wels _ 3 piris mimarT), xolo 7piris mimarT gaauqma gamamarTlebeli ganaCeni da gamoitana gamamtyunebeli ganaCeni(2017 wels _ 1 piris mimarT).

gadawyvetilebaTa stabilurobis maCvenebeli sisxlis samarTlis saqmeebis mixedviT di-namikaSi Semdeg suraTs iZleva:

stabilurobis maCvenebeli sisxlis samarTlis saqmeebis mixedviT (procenti)

sisxlis samarTlis saqmeTa palataSi 2018 wels sakasacio saCivris safuZvelze ganxi-luli 730 saqmis mixedviT, ganxilvis saSualo vada Seadgenda 5,1 Tves, 2017 wels _ 4,8Tves.


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2018 wels sisxlis samarTlis saqmeTa palatis mier zepiri mosmenis safuZvelze ganxi-lulia 63 saqme (2017 wels _ 59), aqedan:

_ gauqmda 8 ganaCeni/ganCineba, anu zepiri mosmenis safuZvelze ganxiluli saqmee-bis 12,7% (2017 wels _ 4 saqme, anu 6,8%);

_ Seicvala 15 ganaCeni, anu ganxiluli saqmeebis 23,8% (2017 wels _ 21 saqme, anu 35,6%);

_ ucvlelad darCa 36 ganaCeni/ganCineba, anu ganxiluli saqmeebis 57,1% (2017 wels_ 34 saqme, anu 57,6%);

_ ganuxilvelad darCa saCivris ukan gaTxovis an sxva safuZvlis gamo 4 saqme, anuganxiluli saqmeebis 6,3%.

zepiri mosmenis safuZvelze saqmeebis ganxilvis Sedegi (procenti)

saqartvelos uzenaesi sasamartlos 2018 wlis …...1 sakanonmdeblo cvlilebebi 2017 wlis 8 tebervals...

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