Satelliet communicatie,wereldomvattend:

ook voor klein bedrijf als CastorNetworks

CastorNetworksEdwinCras,MDPresentatievoorKIVI21-11-2017

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IntroductionCastorNetworks• Managementbuy-out2004fromStratos–whichacquiredbusinessfrom

KPN.(InmarsatacquiredStratoslateron)• AtstartonlyBroadcasting:distributingcommercialradiochannelsto

FM/cablehead-ends.• Startedwith5FTEin2005,nowalmost60employeesin7countries• Starteddatacommunicationin2005todiversify- majorVSATplatform

investmentin2008and3bigC-banddishes(9and16meter)tobeabletodeliverC-band.

• HeadquarterinDeMeern,theNetherlands• OperatestwoTeleportsinTheNetherlands:

– HilversumTeleport:Broadcastingservices– Burum Teleport:WholesaleandVSATServices

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CastorNetworks:oneoftop5teleportsinEurope

Burum

Hilversum

Amsterdam

AMSX (IP peering Tier 1)

Castor IP backbone

Teleport Burum

Teleport Hilversum

CastorisusingtheBurumTeleportoperatedbyInmarsatbuthasitsowninfrastructure

Castoroperates2businesslines:FixedandMaritime

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Maritime Services

VSAT/IT services SouthSudanLtd.

RDCSARL

SierraLeoneLtd.

VSAT/IT services

VSAT services SouthAfricaLtd

VSAT services

CARSAVSAT services

WhyweuseVSAT?• VSAT is means a Very Small Aperture Terminal, a 2 way satelliteground station (also Maritime).

• Size 60 cm up to 2.4 meter dishes• Used in undeveloped countries where Fiber and otherterrestrial connectivity are not available or at sea.

• The VSAT service is provided and controlled by a satelliteTeleport operator (like Castor) use the satellite as a transmitterto provide local internet service to last mile customers.

• VSAT internet services are normally expensive and slowcompared to what people have in advanced countries.

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Whatisageostationarysatellite?

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• Clarkbeltat36,000kmaboveequator• Orbitalslots(andrelatedfrequencybands)

arevaluablecommodities• Satelliteactlikeamirrorreflectingthe

signalasitreceivesandtransmitsback• Satellitelifetimeisbetween15-20years• Asatelliteconsistsoflike36to54transmitters,called

transponders,eachhaving36-72MHz• TransponderscanbeC,KuorKa band• Asatellitehasdifferentbeams,antennapointingandshape

createsizeandshapeofabeam.

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VSATnetworkoverview(basedoniDirect)

CastorNetworksTeleportinTheNetherlands

iDirectBroadband VSAT Hub

iDirect Satellite Router

Star/MeshTopology

Mesh Connection

StarTopologyPointtoMultiPoint

Star Connection

SCPCTopology

SCPC Connection

SCPC Connection

WWWInternet

VSATComponents(KuBandexample)

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1.2m Ku band Tx/RxBUC Ku band LNB Ku band

iDirect X3 modem RG6 Cables(approx 30 m per site)

F-Type Connectors(approx 5 per site)

C-bandSatellites

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• OldestVSATtechnology&widelyusedinAfrica.• Uplink6Ghz,downlink4Ghz• Hasawidecoverageresultingthepowertobe

spreadthroughoutabiggercoverage(beam)causingtheneedonabiggerRXAntenna.

• ThemiddleofthebeamisalwaysthestrongestsignalmeasurebydbW (calledcenterbeamEIRP).

• Immunetoanyweatherconditionsohighservice`availability.

TocalculateifaVSATlinkcanworkatagivenlocationanddeterminesizeantenna/BUCaso-called“LinkBudgetAnalysis”ismade

Kubandsatellites

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• KubandbecamepopularafterC-bandinthe90’s.• InitiallyforTVreceptionoverEurope,• Dishsize:1.2meterforVSAT• Up14Ghz ,down10-12Ghz• ThebeamonKubandfocusonalimited

areaorzonetogivemorepowerthuscanmanagewithsmallerantennasize.

• ThemiddleofthebeamisalwaysastrongsignalmeasurebydbW.

• Kubandcanbeaffectedbyweatherconditionsuchasheavyrain,snow,storms,etc….

Kaband• Kabandisveryhighfrequency,28-30Ghz• Kabandisprovidedinsmallerfootprintsasitneedsmorepower(like250-500kmradius)–frequencyre-use

• Smallerantenna’s(60-90cm)>frequentbeamswitchingformaritime

• Requireshighaccuracytowardssatellite• InmarsatfirsttorolloutglobalKa-band• Ka-bandhasmorerainattenuationbutwithAdvancedCodeModulationreliabiltyisOK

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Thewhatandhowofasatellitefootprint:therelationbetweenantennasize,EIRPandG/T

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C-bandoverAfrica:AM-6@53East>1.8mtr

ofC-bandoverAfrica:AM-6@53East

KubandAfrica:T12V>1.2meter

KabandSouthSudan:Yahsat2>74cm

WhatissharedanddedicatedonVSATservice?

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Shared pizza Sharing ratio 1:10

Dedicated pizza Sharing ratio 1:1

One site eats all bandwidth

Whoarethesatelliteoperators?

Geostationary- Intelsat(Public)- SES(Public)- Eutelsat(Public)- Telesat(Public)- Telenor(Public)- Inmarsat(Public)- Arabsat- RSCC- Gazprom- Asia:ABS.JSAT,Chinasat- Measat- Manycountrieshavetheirownsatellite(Hispasat,Angola,Argentinaetcetc)

LEO/MEO- Thuraya- Iridium- O3B

QuiteafewnewinitiatiavesincludingnanosatellitesforIoT

LEOandMEOsatellites

Thesearesatellitesinalowerorbit:- LowerEarthOrbit- MediumEarthOrbit

AsaresultofthislowerOrbittheymovefasterthantheearth,soyoumayaneedamovingantennatoreceivethesignal,dependingonfrequencyband

- O3B:worksinKaband(30GHz),tohavecontinoussignalyouneed2movingantenna’sthatdoahandover

- Iridium:becauseitworksinL-band(2Ghz)youcanuseomdirectionalantenna’s(compareGSM/4G)

O3b,2.4meterdualset

IridiumHotspot

GeostationarysatellitecanimpossiblycovertheArcticregionsbutLEOcan

Elevation:5degrees

ReliabeKuisadvisedtohaveelevation>10degrees

SincethesatelliesareovertheEquatortheelevationAtSvalbordisbetween5and0degrees

Inpractivereceptionwasworking,providedtherewasLineofSight

Above67.5degreesthereisnocoverageatall

Iridium:offerstruearcticcoverage

Iridiumnextgeneration:CERTUS

Next big thing… HTS: high throughput satellites

• NextgenerationHighThroughputSatellites:satelliteswithKuorKa-bandspotbeamshavebecomeavailablein2016/2017:

• InmarsatGlobalXpress/GX(Ka-band),2016

• IntelsatEPIC(Ku-band),Q22016• SESGoBlue (Ku-band),Q22016

• Thespotbeamsonthesesatelliteenablefrequencyre-useandhigherthroughputresultinginlowercost-priceperMbps

• Thesenewsatellitesarebringinga“disruptive”amountofextracapacitytothemarket

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A high throughput satellite has 10x more capacity than a traditional satellite. Inmarsat launches 4, Intelsat launches 7 in 2016/2017/2018, SES launches 3 in 2017. An Intelsat EPIC satellites has 3x more throughput than an Inmarsat GX satellite.

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Inmarsat GX

Our view

• 89 Ka-band spotbeams• 50Mbps download and 5 Mbps upload per spotbeam• Requires replacing Ku-band equipment onboard• Ka-band (28GHz) is very sensitive to rain/ weather

resulting in lower availability than Ku-band (14Ghz)• GX is bundled with Fleetbroadband (L-band at 2 GHz)

as back-up. L-band is well protected against rain, but throughput on L-band will be much lower (max. 432 kbps) then when on Ka-band

• Inmarsat is itself the service provider offering a plain vanilla service with very limited room for specific customer requirements.

Key features

• Customers signing-up will commit themselves stuck to one provider/ satellite system

• Low throughput per spot & satellite compared to Intelsat EPIC/ SES

• New hardware required, while customers with Ku-band hardware have more suppliers to choose from

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Intelsat EPIC

Our view

• EPIC satellites have Ku-band spotbeams operating in the same frequencies as current Ku-band networks

• The EPIC spotbeams are complementary, they bring more Ku-band capacity to high demand areas

• Intelsat launches IntelsatOne network a seamless combination of EPIC satellites with “traditional” satellites in Q2 2016

• IntelsatOne is an open architecture based on iDirect:

Key features

• Intelsat open architecture allows service providers to design/ tailor services to specific customer requirements

• Customers can use existing Ku-band hardware• Customers have more suppliers to choose from• Satellite service providers can hopefully use the

IntelsatOne network complementary to their existing Ku-band network as long as they use iDirect

Intelsat 29e and Intelsat 33e satellites

IntelsatOne network including EPIC

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SES goBlue

Our view

• SES goBlue satellites have Ku-band spotbeamsoperating in the same frequencies as current Ku-band networks, no need to change hardware onboard

• The spotbeams are complementary, they bring more Ku-band capacity to high demand areas

• SES goBlue phase-1 will be launched Q2 2015• SES goBlue offers an open architecture based on

iDirect: satellite service providers can use the goBlue network complementary to their existing Ku-band network

Key features

• SES goBlue doesn’t offer a plain vanilla service, its open architecture allowing service providers to design/ tailor services to specific customer requirements

• Customers can use existing Ku-band hardwareSES goBlue coverage phase 2

SES goBlue coverage phase 1

KYMETA:maritimeTerminalType1:Onepanel,regionalusage

• Onepanelsolution:• Oneflatpanel,mountedhorizontally

• Regionalconnectivityinproximitytoequator+/- 50degreeslatitude(Mediterranean,Caribbean,Atlanticcrossing,SouthernEurope,SouthAmerica,Africa)

• Benefits• Lowcostsolution• Nomovingparts• CapableofhigherthroughputthanFBBandlowerterminalcostthanVSAT

• LowermonthlycostscomparedtoFBB

• EasierandmorescalablethanVSAT

• Handcarryonboard• Self-install(auto

acquisition/provisioning• Carryaspare/self-replace

©2017KymetaCorporation.KymetaProprietaryandConfidential

The satellite value chain

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Satellite operators

Teleport operators

Satellite Service

providersDistributors/

resellersEnd

customers

Owners of satellites:

Owners of antennas clustered in a Teleport:

Owners of platforms which enable services:

Distributing/ reselling services:

End- customer requiring the service

Leasing of satellite capacity in transponders to customers

Provide up/downlink services on large antennas

Provide end-to-end services sold to end customers (direct or indirect)

Buy services wholesale and sell them to end-customers in specific niche segments with local support

Business, Media company, Government, Military or NGO organization

Castorhasfixedandmaritimebusiness

VSATinAfricahasthebestopportunitiesinundervelopedcountries...butittakessomeguts

CastorVSATatTerrainLodge(July2016)

Maritime Ku-band coverage

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