satiated town

Urban Planning Project SATIATED TOWN

SATIATED TOWN Project report

URBAN PLANING


Content

Prologue:

1.0 Introduction

- The Vision

- Purpose and Goals

- Objectives and Targets

- Pistachio trees

2.0 Sustainability

- Sustainability strategies

3.0 Master plan

- Master plan description

- Skyline

- Block arrangement

4.0 Design Guidelines

- Standards

- Attribution and Densities


Prologue

Zarqa (Arabic: الزرقاء) is a city in Jordan located to the northeast of Amman. At 792,665 inhabitants

(2000), comprising 15.5% of Jordan's population, it is the country's second largest city. Zarqa is the

capital of Zarqa Governorate Its name means "the blue one." It's the industrial capital of Jordan, with

many factories around the perimeter and Jordan's major oil refinery. Also, it functions as a large military

center, with several military camps and firing ranges in the area.

Location:

Our site is located 25 km east of the Jordanian capital Amman. The second largest city in the

governorate is Russeifa next to Hashemiyya and Al-Qasaba.

History:

Our site location has no previous clear human settlement; due to that it has no previous character or

recognizable identity, in addition we can also notice that the surrounded area is also empty and not

exploited by any means.

Climate:

The area characterized by a severe lack of available water, to the extent of hindering or preventing

the growth and development of plant and animal life. Environments subject to arid climates tend to lack

vegetation and are called xeric or desert related Plants.

Future Vision

Our site is one of the important locations in the area, where it's included in the Jordanian ministry of

agriculture development projects as a land of agricultural production. And it gained an extra value

because it's located next to the Hashemite University.


1.0 Introduction

- The Vision

- Purposes and Goals

- Objectives and Targets


Our Vision

Our vision is to create a sustainable and productive community, which provides a good quality of live

while eliminating the influence of human activity on the environment.

Driven by the means of a sustainable city, we came closer to the main themes of sustainability which

include:

1. TRANSPORTATION (movement of goods and people).

2. ENERGY (for buildings, transportation, manufacturing, and agriculture).

3. DESIGN (built environment - especially buildings and roads).

4. HABITAT (urban green spaces, water areas, and rural environment).

5. FOOD (farms & urban markets, heritage crops/animals, urban gardens).

6. NATURAL CAPITAL (maintaining land, water, soil, natural materials).

7. WASTE (processing of wastes, recycling, efficient design, and conversion to energy).

8. HEALTH (clean air and water, safety, tranquility, environmental needs of vulnerable groups).

9. RECREATION (urban, rural, and agricultural).

10. SENSE OF PLACE (feeling of belonging, sense of community, and stewardship).

We focused on the two themes of sustainability food and sense of place and we mean by

those:

1. Food (In the past, much of the food for a city came from its surrounding region. In many

countries, however, local supply has been replaced by national and international food distribution

systems. Encouraging use of locally produced food could reduce the energy use and pollution

of long-distance transportation. It would have two other benefits: fresher food for urban residents

and higher incomes for local farmers. If such a project included heritage crops and meats, it

could help maintain agricultural biodiversity. Development of urban gardens is another way to

provide city residents with fresh food, as well an enjoyable pastime).

2. Sense of Place (A city that contains natural areas, that is easy to get around in and where

people do not feel oppressed by traffic tends to encourage residents to explore more of their

surroundings. This exploration increases the vitality of the city. At the same time, positive

contacts with other people and nature give them a sense of belonging. Where people feel they

belong, they share a sense of community. This usually leads to greater participation in civic

activities and more volunteers to help others in need. This participation can make it easier to

govern a city and to address social problems. In rural areas, maintaining the traditional sense of

community is related to opportunities for young people to remain in the hamlets and on the

farms. Citizens who take part in civic life, in either urban or rural areas, tend to learn more about

the role that the environment plays in their well-being. Such knowledge could be a starting point

for a project of environmental stewardship).

Based on that, two clear urban models can be taken in consideration:

The most suitable example for the theme "FOOD" could be the "Broadacre city" for Frank Lloyd

Wright.

In the other hand the "Earthly paradise" for Rasem Badran is a perfect example for the "SENSE

OF PLACE" theme.


Goals

Our vision is translated into 4 main goals that achieve the aimed concept

1- Creating a solid framework of transportation, land use, and public spaces that integrates the

existing ecological conditions of the Hashemite district.

2- Response to the climate of Zarqa city (Hashemite district).

3- Promotion of high density community and integrated public transit.

4- Appropriate street network and pedestrian friendly walkways, which encourage walkability.

5- Creating a clear character for the town.

After 15-20 years of launching the project of the

(satiated town), it will accommodate 30.000

residents, and 2500 employees per day.


Objectives and targets

Goals (1): Creating a solid framework of transportation, land use,

and public spaces that integrates the existing conditions of the

Hashemite district.

Objectives:

1. High connectivity street network cooperated with well controlled traffic amount and

magnitude.

Targets:

- Choosing a centralized form for the master plan layout, and dividing the

neighborhoods in a radial axis, creating 6 neighborhoods.

- Designing a wide street sections that links the main facilities and utilities along

a major ring road.

- Distributing streets hierarchy in a way that control the traffic size and orientation

by using a main-32 ROW ring road that is linked by a radial 14- ROW local

streets.

2. Feasible and practical land use configuration

Targets:

- Locating the commercial zone along a pedestrian contentious path that eliminates

any interaction with moving vehicles.

- Locating the educational and open space blocks along the major ring road to

provide smooth accessibility.

- Locating main services in the center of the whole town, to increase its

importunacy.

3. Feasible and practical land use configuration

Targets:

- Locating the commercial zone along a pedestrian contentious path that eliminates

any interaction with moving vehicles.

- Locating the educational and open space blocks along the major ring road to

provide smooth accessibility.

- Locating main services in the center of the whole town, to increase its

importunacy.

Goals (2): Response to the climate of Zarqa city (Hashemite district).

Objectives:

1. Respecting the arid land characteristics that are entangled with its hot dry climate and lack

of vegetation and water sources.

Targets:

- Customizing 45% of the total project area for agriculture usage, by increasing

residential densities.

- Choosing pistachio trees as the main productive plant for the town, due to its

special characteristics.

- Collect waste and gray water for irrigation purposes, and integrate rain water

harvesting in all housing unit design.

2. Creating a suitable walkable friendly town, that reduces the effect of the high solar

radiation

Targets:

- Distributing pedestrian contentious paths in a way to be adjacent two relatively

mid-rise buildings, to provide well shaded pedestrian paths.

- Planting trees along all pedestrian pathways and sidewalks to provide shading

area.

- Creating narrow footpaths between mixed use buildings that work as air cooling

alleys.

3. Finding creative and new methods and strategies to increase soil quality and improve its

properties.

Targets:

- Using pistachio shells as compost for soil rather than buying expensive

manufactured composts.

- Choosing the Pistachio tree as the main productive sources gradually improve

soil minerals percentages.


Goals (3): Promotion of high density community and integrated

public transit.

Objectives:

1. Creating an efficient linkage between city center, utilities and housing units.

Targets:

- Locating a ring road around the city center with radius of 270 meters in length,

this links the whole city with a main public transportation lines, achieving a

coherent urban fabric.

- Arranging utilities and services in way to serve the whole town in a way that is

closer to higher densities residential units.

- Providing all walkthrough paths that link the center of the town with all

neighborhood edges.

2. Classifying and arranging population into different densities that are proportional to

different height level.

Targets:

- Reducing the residential area percentage to 25% and locating it near to the town

center In order to provide appropriate utilities and services distribution.

- Distributing population into 3 main density base category (low, medium, high)

that vary between 4 types of housing units.

- Promoting mid-rise housing units that rise between (4-12) storeys.

- Design a set of regulation for each type of the housing unit that rules the height,

setback, buildable area, and parking limitations.

Goals (4): Appropriate street network and pedestrian friendly

walkways, which encourage walkability.

Objectives:

1. Feasible land use arrangement.

Targets:

- Arranging the services in the center with easy pedestrian access, by providing the

appropriate street design and furniture.

- Arranging the educational facilities near the main ring road (public transit) to

eliminate the usage of privet mobile.

- Organizing the commercial facilities in a row of double display facades, with

wide pedestrian path along, in a length of 270 meters.

2. Practical street hierarchy the eliminate traffic jam and cars rush.

Targets:

- Surrounding the neighborhoods with local safe narrow streets rather than high

traffic streets to encourage walkability rather than mobile usage.

- Using the circular shape to reduce cars speed, especially inside local streets.

- Increasing sidewalks width to reduce private mobile usage.

- Increasing street block width to decrease the number of streets cutting through

the neighborhood.

3. Promoting and reinforcing the idea of walkable community.

Targets:

- Paying attention to street furniture and side walk paving and managing water

drainage.

- Providing well shading pathways by increasing the buildings heights and

choosing the appropriate planting patterns.

- Providing a great variety design in all pathways, by changing street design and

street width.

- Arranging everyday needs in less than 5 minute walking distance.


Goals (5): Creating a clear character for the town.

Objectives:

1. Giving the town a unique industry associated with agriculture.

Targets:

- Planting the unique pistachio trees in more than 45% of the project area.

- Creating a profitable industry that is related to the pistachio tree production, with

a proximate income of 1 million JD a year.

2. Dividing the project into 6 recognizable neighborhoods.

Targets:

- Creating a clear diverse neighborhood edges (main streets, commercial paved

pathways, town center (social edge), and agriculture).

- Distributing cultural centers with different functions in each neighborhood.

- Arranging nodes focal points, intersections in each neighborhood.

3. The enactment of lows relating to well identified architectural style and spirit.

Targets:

- Setting specific regulations for each density including (setback, heights, roof

garden, elevations details, buildable area, paring arrangements).

- Binding the usage of Jordanian stone on all four elevations.

- Using a clear set of colors and materials in all town designs.


- Satiated City Skyline

The Satiated city skyline will be dynamic, undulating environment of mid- rise and low rise

buildings, providing the site with a great view and image of 21st century city. Several key

principles were established;

- The skyline should be dramatic and memorable from many different angles.

- The agricultural zone will be seen from all view points in the satiated city.

- Building heights set up from the agriculture zones to the ring road edges, and

become lower again around the central plaza.

- All buildings in the core area (around the ring road) will have views to the center

and the agricultural area, creating excellent real estate value.

- Cultural and civic buildings are interspersed at key points throughout the plan-

not just around the central park- creating amenities for all and foreground for the

high density behind.

- The skyline will continue to evolve over time and take on new characteristics as

building are designed and constructed.

The Satiated City skyline


- Block structure and Densities arrangement

A fundamental requirement of the satiated town is that blocks should include one type of housing units,

with minimum setback of 4.7 meters to frame the block and to provide a strong street frontage. This will

form active street edges where a mix of uses can occur. High density buildings that stand along on

blocks and are set well back from the street are not allowed.

High density building should be carefully arranged within the core area. Taller buildings should be

arranged along the ring road and gradually step down toward the water in order to maximize the views to

the central park and the green agricultural area.

Block does not exceed 80 meters in width, 230 meters on length, to provide a better circulation inside the

neighborhood; each block should be surrounded with 4 meters side walk, with planting on both sides.


2.0 Sustainability

Sustainability strategies

Countries around the world are developing sustainability standards for green building codes government

and developers are recognizing the critical need and benefit of conserving resources and enhancing local

environment for the health, safety, and welfare of its citizens.

At Satiated Town environmental sustainability must be acknowledged and built into every facet of the

project. Elements of street orientation and distribution, building heights and roof gardens, minimizing of

cut and fill operations.

Every developer must examine sustainability components at the building level, in clouding active and

passive stratagems to reduce energy consumption, uses alternatives strategies and engage in a whole

range of other approaches that set the current standard for sustainability.

Passive Strategies

- N-S building orientation minimizes West-East exposure, reducing heat gain and minimizing wind

circulation.

- Shading devices and operable windows further reduce hear gain on E-W facades while allowing

cross ventilation.

- A combination and green and white roofs reflect solar radiation and minimize heat gain

- Building heights strategy maximizes day light and views.

Energy Use/ Generation (Active Strategies)

- Chilled beams combined with other cooling strategies can reduce energy use by 50%.

- Under floor air distribution provides improved air quality and energy savings.

- Photovoltaic cells to support energy demand.

Water Management

- Recycling waste water on site and using it for irrigation and flushing reduce water demand.

- Green roofs capture rain water and reduce overall demand and storm water runoff.

- Off-site waste water treatment plant

- Rain water treatment.

Drainage and Run-off filtration

- Grading of districts designs to direct runoff from urban surfaces to derange system.

- Water filtration systems for water quality.

- Open space designed to detain and filter first- flush pollutant from stormwater and slow runoff.

Health and Wellness

- Open space and recreational amenities improve health and wellness.

Transportation

- Provision of intermodal transportation creates walkable communities, reducing motorized trips. - Ring road constant bus lain.


Agricultural Application

- Pistachio trees

There are about 11 species of pistachio trees. P. Vera is the only species grown commercially because it

produces fruit of adequate size to be marketed.

The pistachio’s origin is still uncertain, but most experts agree that it probably originated in Central

Asia .

Most pistachio production occurs in countries with arid climate.

Turkey, Iran, Afghanistan, Italy, and Syria are the principal pistachio producing countries .Trees are also

grown in Pakistan, Greece, India, and Australia .

Climate Summer temperatures around 37.7 °Celsius are described as ideal. Pistachio Trees thrive on heat; better

nut filling and fewer blanks are produced in hot-weather climates. However, winters need to be cold

enough to complete their dormancy (a rest period during winter). Three-leaflet leaves are produced

instead of the normal five-leaflet leaves when cold requirements are not met. About 1,000 accumulated

hours of temperatures at 7.2 ° or below are required for pistachio trees to break dormancy, and to start

normal growth in the spring. Trees should not be planted above 1371 meter elevation because cool

summer temperatures do not promote good kernel development. Pollination is carried out by wind only;

therefore, mild winds during pollen shed would help. Pollination usually takes place in early to mid-

April. Strong desiccating winds in spring may interfere with pollination and reduce crop set.

Soil and Water Requirements

Pistachio trees grow in virtually all soils. However, they grow better in deep, sandy loam soils. Tree

density should be increased in poorer soils. This will permit maximum production earlier than in

orchards planted with more space between trees, and in about the same time as those planted in good

soils. Pistachio trees are long-lived, tap-rooted and can grow to 6-9 meter tall.

Like any other fruit or nut tree, well-drained soils are needed for optimum growth. Hard pans in the

subsoil should not be closer than 2.10 meter from the surface. About 2-acre feet of water are required in

a mature orchard, including one or two deep irrigations during winter. Pistachios are drought tolerant,

but for commercial crop production there must be adequate soil moisture during late winter, spring and

early summer. Critical stages during these times require not only good nutrition but good soil moisture.

Within a month after pollination (mid-April to mid-May), pistachio trees will grow vegetative and will

form flowers for the following year.

Nuts will be filled during July and first half of August. Depending on the season, the last irrigation is

usually done the first or second half of August, and harvest starts

in late August to early September. Pistachios do not tolerate wet feet. Avoid ponding water around the

trees.

Pistachio trees are highly tolerant to saline conditions. Trees grow well in some orchards irrigated with

water containing 3,000-4,000 ppm of soluble salts

.

Spacing and Planting Procedures

Tree spacing varies mostly from 5.18 meter by 5.18 meter to 6 meter by 20 feet (few growers have

planted to 7.3 meter by 7.3 Meter). It needs to be emphasized that trees planted in fertile soils need to

have more space than those planted in poor soils. Some growers use the square system while others use

the triangular planting system (also called hexagonal). Growers could also plant on a rectangular system.

The triangular system allows planting about 15% more trees per acre while keeping the same spacing

between trees.

A good planting system seems to be spacing the trees 3.65 meter apart in rows spaced 7.3 meter apart.

Pistachio trees grow slowly and removal of temporary trees (every other row) will not be needed for 15

to 20 years. Lower branches die out as soon as trees are being shaded. Pistachio trees form and

regenerate roots slowly, and do not lend themselves to being handled bare-rooted.

Harvest

Pistachio trees begin bearing the fourth or fifth year after budding. However, a significant crop is not

harvested until the seventh or eighth season, with the first full production year occurring around year 12.

Pistachio nuts are physiologically mature when the hull separates easily from the shell. Harvesting

before or after that critical point results in undeveloped kernels or in stained shells, respectively. There

are 7 to 10 days when harvesting can be done without shell-staining occurring. Shell staining increases

the longer the nuts stay on the tree. However, stained shells usually result when the hull is not removed

the same day of harvest. Staining occurs from tannins in the hull .

Depending upon planting distance and orchard management practices, yields in pistachio orchards could

average 900 to 1360 KG per acre.

Right after harvest, the pistachio crop needs to be hulled (removing shucks), dried, sorted out, salted, and

roasted before getting it into the marketing channels. Salted pistachios do not need to be stored under

refrigeration unless they are to be kept in storage for extended Periods of times. They must, however, be

brittle dry (about 5% moisture) before storage.

Pistachio use

Pistachios are served principally as salted nuts. A large percentage of pistachios are marketed in the shell

for snack food. Non-split, filled nuts are used for processing. Whole, cull pistachio nuts appear to be

acceptable to cattle and sheep as part of their feed rations. The food industry uses pistachios for cakes,

biscuits, pies, candies, and ice cream. They are also used as stuffing for both meat and snacks. Pistachio

nuts contain 25% amino acids (mainly essential amino acids), 16% carbohydrates (mainly sucrose) and

55% oil (80% unsaturated oil). Pistachios are also an excellent source of dietary fiber, containing 2.8

grams of fiber per ounce.


3.0 Master Plan - Master plan description

Our master plan consists of a centralised composition with 6 neighbourhoods that are linked together

with a ring road that carry the main transportation line in addition to the main traffic circulation.

We've chosen the centralized shape to achieve social cultural equity in the whole town, as shown in the

figure below.

Neighbourhood Number 2, 5

This neighbourhood accommodate 5435 inhabitant (35 inhabitant in low density housing units, 1800

inhabitant in medium density housing units, 3600 inhabitant in high density housing units), with 4

educational facilities (2 schools, 2 day care), 1 library, 1 health care clinic, and 1 police kiosk.





educational facilities (3 schools, 1 day care), 1 health care clinic, and 1 police kiosk.




educational facilities (1 school, 1 day care), 1 health care clinic, and 1 police kiosk.


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4.0 Design Guidelines - Attribution and Densities

The land use plan has been strategically designed to accommodate larger agriculture land in a high

density core area. Lower density residential areas are located in the central area and around the

agricultural areas.

Specifying the land use in the site that includes these segmentations and facilities:

- Residential

- Agriculture

- Open spaces

- Educational

- Commercial

- Health care

- Cultural facilities

- Security and public safety

- Streets

The percentage of each segment and their areas in the project:

As for the types of the residential sector, It includes 3 types according the density of the user:

- High Density Buildings 39 %

- Medium Density Buildings 47 %

- Low Density Buildings 14 %

The 3 building types are distributed on the site, as follows:

High density buildings = 139 plots

Medium Density buildings = 167 plots

Low density buildings = 49 plots

Segmentations

Percentage

Area

Residential

Agriculture

Open spaces

Educational

Commercial

Health care

Cultural facilities

Security and public

safety

Streets

25 %

45 %

1.47 %

3.6 %

3.6 %

0.5 %

0.4 %

25 %

20 %

357 dunam

675 dunam

22.05 dunam

54 dunam

54 dunam

7.5 dunam

6 dunam

375 dunam

300 dunam


- Standards

The total residents for the project = 29 625

The total residents needed is 30 000 person, we have a lack of 375 person, to

m obtain the needed density we added 2 high density buildings which hold 300

person, and the rest 75 person will be added as the worker’s families with 15

m residual unit .

The high density building’s attribution as follows:

mThe building is consisted of 10 storeys, each storey includes 3 apartments and each apartment

holds 5 people.

Where there are 15 residential units in each building 150 person for the whole building.

The high density buildings hold in total 139 * 150 = 20850 person.

The medium density building’s attribution as follows:

The building is consisted of 5 storeys, each storey includes 2 apartments and each apartment

holds 5 people.

This means 10 units with 50 people for the whole building.

The medium density building holds in total 167 * 50 = 8350 person


The low density buildings have two types:

1. Attached villas 10 %

2. Detached villas 4 %

1. Type one: (Attached villas)

This type of villas has 2 floors and each villa has 5 people

The number of this villa type is 35 plots on the site

This means it holds in total 35 * 10 = 350 person

2. Type two: (Detached villas)

This type of villas is privately owned and includes 5 person

The number of this villa type is 14 plots on the site

This means it holds in a total of 14 * 5 = 70 persons


Facilities Area

Educational 60 dunam

Day care 6 dunam

schools 54 dunam

Commercial & open space 26.5 dunam

Mall 4 dunam

Commercial strip 22.5 dunam

Cultural facilities 44 dunam

Cultural center 24 dunam

Club house 20 dunam

Health care 10.5 dunam

Health care center 7.5 dunam

Medical Clinic 3 dunam

Security & public safety 3.4 dunam

Police department 1 dunam

Police kiosk 1.2 dunam

Fire department 1.2 dunam

Total 94.4 dunam


Done By

Basil Basbous

Mohammad Ateyat

Razan Shalabi

Shaha Maiteh

Tamara Ta’amneh

satiated town

Documents

urban gardens

recreation urban

food farms urban markets

sustainable city

largest city

themes of sustainability

habitat urban green

vision purposes