sc review2 (screview2)...1. the figure below shows a glass partly filled with water. grace tapped...

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1. The figure below shows a glass partly filled with water.

Grace tapped the glass with a metal spoon and heard a sound. Which action would raise the pitch when she taps theglass again with the metal spoon?

A. Pour some of the water out of the glass.

B. Put more water into the glass.

C. Heat the water in the glass.

D. Cool the water in the glass.

This online assessment item contains material that has been released to the public by the Massachusetts Department of Education.

SC review2 (SCreview2)

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2. Which bird's foot below is best for grasping prey?

A.

B.

C.

D.


3. Jonas needs to split a log. He has a sledge hammer. What other tool should he also use to split the log?

A. a lever

B. a pulley

C. a wedge

D. a fulcrum



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4. The illustration below shows Earth and the Sun.

What season does the Southern Hemisphere experience when Earth and the Sun are in the positions shown?

A. fall

B. spring

C. summer

D. winter


5. About how many Earth days does it take the Moon to travel around Earth?

A. 1

B. 27

C. 180

D. 365



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6. Which of the following planets has the shortest orbit around the Sun?

A. Earth

B. Mars

C. Mercury

D. Venus



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7. The picture below shows a flower with a long slender bloom.

The size and shape of a bird's beak are related to the type of food that the bird eats. Which of the following beaks issuitable for drinking nectar located deep within flowers such as the one shown above?

A.

B.

C.

D.



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8. The picture below shows a seesaw.

A seesaw on a playground is an example of what type of simple machine?

A. lever

B. screw

C. wedge

D. wheel and axle



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9. Moths have mouthparts that allow them to suck nectar from plants. Which of the following is most similar to themouthparts of a moth?

A.

B.

C.

D.



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10. The picture below shows a pair of scissors.

Scissors are an example of a complex machine. Which of the following simple machines are combined to makescissors?

A. lever and gear

B. gear and pulley

C. lever and wedge

D. wedge and pulley



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11. The picture below shows a bird.

From the shape of its beak and the length of its legs, this bird is best adapted for feeding on which of the following?

A. insects that feed on plants

B. small fish in shallow water

C. nuts from riverside trees and plants

D. birds in ground nests


12. If the food supply for mice in a field decreases, the mouse population in that field will probably

A. increase.B. decrease.C. remain the same.D. become extinct.

13. Ice melts fastest when it is in

A. cold water.B. cold air.C. warm water.D. warm air.


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14. Which will melt ice the fastest?

A.

B.

C.

D.

15. An ice cube will melt fastest in a box that is

A. black.B. white.C. clear.D. red.


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16. It is easiest to push a box up which ramp?

A.

B.

C.

D.

17. Hilda shouts "hey" in an empty hall at the shopping mall. The sound bounces off the walls and she hears "hey"over and over again. Hilda has just made

A. a recording.B. an echo.C. a circuit.D. a wavelength.

18. All sound is made by

A. vibrations.B. heat energy.C. magnetism.D. reflections.

19. Ms. Rely's class is doing an experiment outside with ice cubes and colored paper. The ice cube will melt fasteston

A. red paper.B. green paper.C. white paper.D. black paper.


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20. Use the table below to answer this question.

The information in the table tells us that animals hear different sounds. Which animal hears the fewest sounds?

A. batB. dogC. elephantD. frog

21. A star's surface temperature is indicated by its

A. brightness. B. color. C. distance. D. mass.

22. Why are grasshoppers green?

A. because they feed on green caterpillarsB. to blend in with grass for protectionC. so males and females can see each otherD. to scare away animals that would eat them

23.

Use the picture below to answer this question.

What simple machine is helping Tom move the soil?

A. screwB. wheelC. wedgeD. lever

24. A lizard's tail breaks very easily. How does this help to protect the lizard?

A. The lizard can leave pieces of its tail to mark its territory.B. During a food shortage, the lizard can break off its tail and eat it.C. The lizard can leave broken pieces of tail to fool predators or to attract a mate.D. If a predator catches the lizard by the tail, the tail breaks off and the lizard gets away.


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25. Which characteristic helps slugs protect themselves?

A. Slugs move slowly.B. Slugs eat only plants.C. Slugs enrich the soil.D. Slugs have a foul-tasting coat.

26. All of the following adaptations are used by penguins to keep warm EXCEPT

A. an insulating layer of blubber.B. closely packed feathers.C. a short, sharp beak.D. a dense coat of two-layered feathers.

27. How are stinkbugs and skunks similar?

A. They both use a horrible smell that repels predators.B. They both have black and white colors that scare predators.C. They both are fast and can run away from predators.D. They both hide in holes when predators come near.

28. Which MOST LIKELY would cause the greatest harm to a pond community?

A. building birdhouses near the pondB. planting a tree next to the pondC. spraying chemicals to kill the insectsD. picking a few water plants

29. An ice cube will melt most quickly when it is

A. in the freezer.B. in the refrigerator.C. outside in the sun.D. left on the table.


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30. Use the diagram below to answer this question.

In this diagram, as you move from Star 1 to Star 4, each star's

A. brightness decreases and temperature decreases.B. brightness increases and temperature increases.C. brightness increases and temperature decreases.D. brightness decreases and temperature increases.

31. Use the food chain below to answer this question.

grass grasshopper mouse hawk Which of the living things in the food chain is a producer?

A. hawkB. mouseC. grasshopperD. grass

32. The energy that melts ice into water is

A. nuclear energy.B. sound energy.C. electrical energy.D. heat energy.


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33. Which force does a friend use to make you go higher on a playground swing?

A. pullB. pushC. leverD. pulley

34. When you walk on the sidewalk and roll your bike, the force you use is a

A. pull.B. pulley.C. push.D. lever.

35. If you are on a seesaw and want your friend to go down, use a force that is a

A. push.B. pull.C. lever.D. pulley.

36.


One of the simple machines from the picture that is used to move trash from one place to another uses

A. a wheel.B. a pulley.C. an inclined plane.D. a lever.


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37.


The simple machine, shown by the arrow, that enables you to stop your bike is

A. a pulley.B. an inclined plane.C. a wheel.D. a lever.

38. Ghost crabs live on sandy beaches. Their name infers a protective adaptation due to their

A. light color.B. large pincers.C. digging behavior.D. ability to outrun predators.

39. The role of the producer in any community is to

A. produce space.B. produce nutrients.C. produce carbon dioxide.D. produce food.

40. An animal that eats only plants is called

A. a herbivore.B. an omnivore.C. a carnivore.D. a scavenger.

41. Dew forming on the ground is an example of

A. evaporation.B. condensation.C. precipitation.D. transpiration.


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42. Today weather forecasting is better because of the use of

A. barometers.B. telescopes.C. satellites.D. anemometers.

43. Which planet orbits the Sun in the least amount of time?

A. MercuryB. MarsC. NeptuneD. Pluto

44. Which is the BEST example of an adaptation used to cause confusion when a group of animals tries to run awayfrom a predator?

A. stripes on a zebraB. smell from a skunkC. long neck of a giraffeD. long ears of a rabbit

45. Which coloring in animals acts as a warning signal to predators?

A. green colors that match leaves and grassB. dark browns, blacks, and greysC. bright colors such as reds, blues, and orangesD. light colors such as white and tan

46. The letter H is the weather symbol for

A. hail storms.B. humidity.C. hurricane.D. high pressure.

47. Earth's seasons are caused by the tilt of the

A. equator.B. axis.C. latitudes.D. longitudes.

48. The Moon revolves around Earth approximately every

A. 15 days.B. 28 days.C. 10 days.D. 7 days.


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49. If more water evaporates from the ocean,

A. more water vapor will be in the atmosphere.B. the ocean temperature will go up.C. the air temperature will go down.D. more water will flow into streams and lakes.


The table lists the diameters of some planets. Which planet of the four is the SMALLEST?

A. EarthB. MarsC. SaturnD. Neptune

51. The heating effect of the Sun is greatest when

A. the Sun is near the horizon.B. the Sun is directly overhead.C. it is late in the afternoon.D. there are about 12 hours of daylight.

52. Of the following, which is the MOST important process in the water cycle?

A. the formation of clouds over arid regionsB. the condensation of dew on the groundC. the evaporation of water from the oceansD. the movement of clouds out to the middle of the ocean


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The diagram compares the size of two planets, Earth and

A. Venus.B. Mars.C. Jupiter.D. Pluto.

54. Which sound wave has the longest wavelength?

A.

B.

C.

D.


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55.

Use the table below to answer this question.

In Year 1, there were 600 animals living in a rain forest. In Year 2, people started cutting down trees, and then therewere 400 animals. In Year 3, people kept cutting down trees. Which is the BEST prediction for the number of animalsleft in the rain forest in Year 3?

A. more than 600B. 600C. 400D. less than 400

56. Use the map below to answer this question.

The diagonal lines on the map show the

A. area of thunderstorms.B. region of lowest pressure.C. warmest temperatures.D. partly cloudy skies.


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The sun is high in the sky all year long in zone

A. AB. BC. CD. D

58. Why does the weather near cities tend to be cloudier and wetter than in rural areas?

A. Cities produce more heat and air pollutants than rural areas.B. Cities are colder and have more air pollutants than rural areas.C. Cities have more tall buildings near the clouds than rural areas.D. Cities have fewer trees than rural areas.

59. Which object in the sky emits its own light?

A. an asteroidB. a cometC. a planetD. a moon

60. It is necessary to add a day to the calendar every four years because

A. the axis of Earth is tilted.B. the revolution of Earth is not exactly 365 days.C. the gravitational pull of the Sun affects Earth's revolution.D. the Moon crosses the orbit of the Sun every 28 days.

61. Each year Earth revolves once around

A. Mars.B. Venus.C. the Sun.D. the Moon.

62. What happens to a dead leaf that falls to the ground in the forest?

A. The leaf will grow into a new tree.B. The leaf will stay the same unless it is burned.C. The leaf will decay and become part of the soil.D. The leaf will grow into a small plant the next spring.


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63. Two astronauts walking on the Moon are trying to communicate with each other. Which way of communicatingwill NOT work for them?

A. ringing a bellB. flashing a lightC. using a radioD. waving a hand

64. Twenty-four hours is the time it takes for one rotation of

A. the Sun on its axis.B. Earth on its axis.C. the Moon on its axis.D. the solar system.

65. Which of the following is the LARGEST object?

A. EarthB. MarsC. the SunD. the Moon

66. Planets revolve around

A. Earth.B. the Sun.C. the Moon.D. Mars.

67. A camel can travel many days without water. Camels usually live in places with

A. very little rainfall.B. very little sunshine.C. many lakes.D. many plants.

68. When the Northern Hemisphere is tilted toward the Sun, which season occurs in the Southern Hemisphere?

A. fallB. winterC. springD. summer

69. An Earth year is the time it takes for one

A. rotation of Earth on its axis.B. revolution of the Moon around the Sun.C. revolution of the Sun around Earth.D. revolution of Earth around the Sun.


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70. Which list shows the events from the water cycle in the correct order?

A. Water evaporates from the ocean, runs off into the ocean, condenses in clouds, then falls as precipitation.B. Water evaporates from the ocean, condenses in clouds, falls as precipitation, then runs off into the ocean.C. Water condenses in clouds, evaporates from the ocean, falls as precipitation, then runs off into the ocean.D. Water runs off into the ocean, falls as precipitation, condenses in clouds, then evaporates from the ocean.

71. A clam has a hard shell to protect it. Another animal using a similar form of protection is the

A. butterfly.B. zebra.C. flounder.D. turtle.


Which conclusion is supported by the diagram?

A. The Moon does not produce its own light.B. The Sun produces all of the energy in the solar system.C. The Moon and the Sun are always lined up the same way.D. Sunlight would not be possible without moonlight.

73. The seasons are caused by Earth revolving around the Sun and

A. the Moon revolving around Earth.B. the tilt of Earth's axis.C. strong upper-atmosphere winds.D. ocean currents.

74. People are omnivorous, which means that they eat both plants and animals. Which of the following animals isalso omnivorous?

A. bears, which eat berries, honey, small animals, and salmonB. monarch butterflies, which eat milkweed leaves and flower nectarC. lions, which eat zebras, gazelles, and giraffesD. elephants, which eat leaves, shoots, bamboo, grasses, and fruits

75. Which characteristic helps the animal get food?

A. a crow's black colorB. a squirrel's bushy tailC. a crayfish's strong clawD. a turtle's hard shell


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76. Which demonstrates that light travels in straight lines?

A. the forming of shadowsB. the speed of lightC. the rainbow effectD. the brightness of the Sun

77. Rabbits have good hearing and can run very fast. These abilities help rabbits

A. gather food more easily.B. escape from predators.C. move quietly through brush.D. raise their babies.

78. Which instrument gives the MOST information about air pressure?

A. barometerB. rain gaugeC. thermometerD. humidity meter

79. What is Earth's main source of heat and light?

A. electricityB. coalC. the SunD. the Moon

80. When a ball is thrown into the air, it falls back to the ground. What causes this to happen?

A. the round shape of the ballB. the way the ball is thrownC. the force of the air against the ballD. the force of gravity on the ball


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81. Use the picture below to answer this question.

The picture above shows an insect called a "walkingstick" on a branch of a bush waiting to catch other insects forfood. Which characteristic helps the walkingstick avoid becoming a meal for predators?

A. quick movementsB. exceptional sense of sightC. a long, slim bodyD. great strength

82. A camel can travel many days without drinking. Camels usually live in places with

A. very little rainfall.B. very little sunshine.C. many lakes.D. many plants.

83. A year is the time it takes for

A. the Moon to make one complete revolution around Earth.B. Earth to make one complete revolution around the Sun.C. Earth to make one complete spin on its axis.D. the Sun to make one complete spin on its axis.

84. The Moon produces no light, and yet it shines at night. What is the BEST explanation for this fact?

A. It has many craters.B. It rotates at a very high speed.C. It is covered with a fine layer of ice.D. It reflects light from the Sun.

85. A long neck helps the giraffe

A. eat grass in fields.B. eat leaves on trees.C. cross rivers and streams.D. protect itself from tigers.


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86. John's family plants a garden each year in the same place. Each year the plants do not grow as well as the yearbefore. This is MOST LIKELY because

A. the plants use up nutrients in the soil.B. the Sun shines less each year.C. the plants do not get enough water.D. the air is changing.

87. Which of these objects in our solar system provides Earth with heat and light energy?

A. the SunB. the MoonC. cometsD. other planets

88. Which statement BEST describes the relationship between a fox and a mouse?

A. The fox is the consumer, and the mouse is the producer.B. The fox is the predator, and the mouse is the decomposer.C. The fox is the prey, and the mouse is the consumer.D. The fox is the predator, and the mouse is the prey.

89. The water in a dewdrop comes from

A. melted frost.B. a light rain.C. melted snow.D. water vapor in the air.

90. How long does it take for Earth to rotate once on its axis?

A. one minuteB. one dayC. one monthD. one year

91. An alpine chipmunk senses that it is time to hibernate when

A. it starts to get hungry.B. there is enough fat on its body.C. the weather turns cold.D. its hair turns white.

92. Which group of instruments would be MOST helpful to a scientist who studies weather?

A. computer, barometer, thermometerB. thermometer, microscope, telescopeC. telescope, seismograph, barometerD. computer, speedometer, satellite


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93. If farmers cleared a large forest and planted grass, the squirrels that had lived in the forest would MOST LIKELY

A. move to other areas that had trees.B. learn to live in the long grass.C. find seeds and nuts to plant more trees.D. build their nests on the ground.

94. The color of a polar bear's fur helps it to

A. sneak up on seals.B. run in the snow.C. swim in cold water.D. find its den in the snow.

95. When it is noon in Augusta, Georgia it is midnight on the opposite side of Earth. Why doesn't the Sun shine onboth sides of Earth at the same time?

A. The Sun is too small to light everything at once.B. The Moon blocks some sunlight from hitting Earth.C. One half of Earth is always in shadow.D. The Sun is too far away.

96. How often can a full moon be seen?

A. once each yearB. once each season of the yearC. about once each monthD. about once each week

97. Plants make their own food. When used this way, the word "food" means something that

A. usually tastes good.B. contains stored energy.C. needs sunlight and carbon dioxide.D. is eaten only by animals.

98. The producers at the start of a forest food chain are

A. small animals.B. predators.C. green plants.D. insects.

99. The rattle helps the rattlesnake

A. swallow food.B. scare predators.C. catch prey.D. stay warm.


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100. In an area where many plants and animals live together, mice are very important to foxes. Why is this true?

A. Mice warn foxes of danger.B. Foxes eat mice.C. Mice make nests that foxes use.D. Hawks eat mice instead of foxes.

101. Why can astronauts jump higher on the Moon than on Earth?

A. There is more oxygen on the Moon.B. Their pressurized suits help them.C. The Moon's gravity is weaker than Earth's.D. The warm temperature on the Moon gives the astronauts more energy,

102. The big eyes of the owl help it

A. hide in the trees.B. find mice at night.C. sleep during the day.D. scare away insects.

103. Whitetail deer live on the Cumberland Island National Seashore. What would make the deer population on theisland smaller?

A. people moving away from the islandB. planting new trees in the forest area where old ones were cutC. building ponds in some of the island clearingsD. introducing grey wolves to the island

104. Weather satellites help scientists predict the weather by

A. taking pictures that show the movement of clouds.B. allowing the weather forecasters around the world to talk with each other.C. measuring sunlight above the clouds and pollution.D. measuring wind speed in the upper atmosphere where they orbit.

105. What keeps the planets in orbit around the Sun?

A. distanceB. gravityC. shapeD. light

106. Green plants are important to animals because the plants

A. consume both food and carbon dioxide.B. consume food and give off oxygen.C. produce food and give off oxygen.D. produce food and give off carbon dioxide.


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107. Clouds are MOSTLY made of

A. smoke and smog.B. tiny water droplets.C. sleet and snow.D. dust and pollen.

108. A WET sponge was put into an empty plastic bucket. A few hours later, the sponge was dry. What probablyhappened to the water in the sponge?

A. The water in the sponge went into the air.B. The water was still in the sponge but could not be seen or felt.C. The water was soaked up by the plastic bucket.D. Someone squeezed all of the water out of the sponge.

109. The skunk's odor, the bee's sting, and the turtle's shell are all used for

A. camouflage.B. protection.C. establishing territories.D. communication.

110. A green frog's color MOSTLY helps it to

A. reproduce.B. hide.C. avoid harmful rays from the Sun.D. stay warm during the winter.

111. To make the Moon and the planets look nearer, one uses a

A. barometer.B. microscope.C. speedometer.D. telescope.

112. How do dewdrops form on a leaf?

A. They are formed from melted frost.B. They are formed from water vapor in the air.C. They fall as melted snow and are caught on the leaf.D. They fall like a light rain and are caught on the leaf.

113. Which of the following is found on BOTH Earth and the Moon?

A. airB. plantsC. waterD. rocks


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114. The type of animal with the BEST chance of surviving in a rain forest is one that

A. only eats the leaves of a rare forest tree.B. lives in trees and eats insects.C. lives on the ground and eats a variety of leaves, fruits, and insects.D. only eats fruit from vines growing high in the trees.

115. A grasshopper is an insect that is light green in color. Birds like to eat grasshoppers. Grasshoppers would besafest on

A. blades of grass.B. flower petals.C. the bark of trees.D. wooden fence posts.

116. Which statement about living things is MOST correct?

A. Most living things can grow anywhere.B. Each kind of living thing has special needs that must be met.C. Living things do not need other kinds of living things.D. Living things can change to suit their surroundings.

117. The oxygen we breathe is put in the air by

A. the Sun.B. other animals.C. volcanoes.D. plants.

118. Man-made satellites move around Earth much like

A. the Moon.B. planets.C. the Sun.D. comets.

119. What causes the grass to get wet on a cool summer night when there is no rain?

A. Water comes up from the ground.B. Water from the air forms droplets on the grass.C. Frost on the grass melts.D. Clouds during the night make the grass wet.

120. Planets orbit

A. Earth.B. the Moon.C. the galaxy.D. the Sun.


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121. At 10 a.m. the Sun is shining on a puddle of water on the road. At 2 p.m. the Sun is still shining and thepuddle has disappeared. What happened to the water?

A. It rained.B. It condensed.C. It evaporated.D. It froze.

122. Which statement explains why day and night occur on Earth?

A. Earth rotates on its axis.B. Earth revolves around the Sun.C. The Sun rotates on its axis.D. The Sun revolves around the galaxy.

123. Many birds fly south before winter. This movement is known as

A. hibernation.B. migration.C. reflex action.D. adaptation.

124. In the United States, the Sun appears to

A. rise in the north and set in the south.B. rise in the south and set in the north.C. rise in the west and set in the east.D. rise in the east and set in the west.

125. An animal that has thick fur, webbed feet, and blubber would probably live in the

A. Arctic Ocean.B. Amazon rain forest.C. Intracoastal Waterway in Georgia.D. Mojave Desert in California.

126. Wind speed is often measured in

A. meters per second.B. degrees.C. kilometers.D. pounds per square inch.


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127. Use the chart below to answer this question.

According to this chart, the average temperature in November would most likely be

A. lower than in October.B. the same as in September.C. the same as in October.D. higher than in September.

128. Each year Earth revolves once around

A. Venus.B. the Sun.C. the Moon.D. all of the other planets.

129. Which of the following statements about noise is true?

A. Listening to loud music is less harmful if you do it a lot and get used to it.B. Loud music is better for your ears than other sounds that are just as loud.C. Loud music can damage the inside parts of your ears.D. Hearing damage caused by loud noise eventually goes away.

130. A wet sponge was put into an empty plastic bucket. A few hours later, the sponge and bucket were dry. Whatprobably happened to the water in the sponge?

A. The water was soaked up by the plastic bucket.B. The water in the sponge became a gas and went into the air.C. All of the water was still in the sponge, but it could not be seen or felt.D. No one knows what happened to the water when it disappeared.

131. Earth is a

A. star.B. moon.C. planet.D. galaxy.

132. What causes moonlight?

A. burning gases on the MoonB. heat from EarthC. ice on one side of the MoonD. reflected light from the Sun


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133. The center of our solar system is

A. the Sun.B. the North Star.C. Earth.D. the Moon.

134. Crickets eat grass, and birds eat crickets. Which shows the food chain?

A. grass → crickets → birdsB. crickets → grass → birdsC. grass → birds → cricketsD. crickets → birds → grass

135. Which living thing makes its own food?

A. insectB. plantC. mushroomD. mammal

136. If all birds disappeared, there would be no more

A. animals.B. flying things.C. robins.D. living things.

137. In April, when it is springtime in the Northern Hemisphere, which season is it in the Southern Hemisphere?

A. winterB. springC. summerD. fall

138. Rachel noticed that the level of water in a pan she left on her windowsill went down each day, and the water wastotally gone after five days. What happened to the water?

A. The molecules were slowly destroyed and no longer exist.B. Insects or animals must have drunk the water.C. The molecules were heated, and the water changed from a liquid to a gas.D. The molecules condensed, and were now part of the pan.

139. An object that orbits a planet is called a

A. star.B. white dwarf.C. moon.D. black hole.


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140. A scientist wanted to conduct an experiment with special equipment that is very sensitive to sound. A placewhere the equipment would NOT be affected by sound waves is

A. deep under water.B. high in the air.C. in a solid piece of granite.D. in outer space.

141. The sound that a person hears from a drum is produced by

A. echoes.B. reflections.C. pulses.D. vibrations.

142. Which diagram of a sound wave represents the sound with the highest pitch?

A.

B.

C.

D.

143. A student wants to find out how much rain falls in the schoolyard each day during a one-week period. What isthe BEST way to do this?

A. Call the weather bureau each day to find out how much rain fell in the state during that week. Record the amountof rain each day.B. Leave a measuring cup out in the schoolyard during school hours. Record how much water is in it at the end of theweek.C. Leave a measuring cup out in the schoolyard night and day for a week. Record how much water is in it at the endof the week.D. Leave a measuring cup out in the schoolyard night and day for a week. Record how much water is in it each day.


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144. Which is a simple machine?

A. waterB. chairC. pulleyD. candle

145. Which simple machine is used to hold objects together?

A. hammerB. pulleyC. screwD. wedge

146. Which adaptation is most important for allowing land mammals to obtain oxygen?

A. finsB. gillsC. poresD. lungs

147. Which is an example of a desert food chain?

A. grass deer manB. fish raccoon wolfC. acorn squirrel foxD. cactus jackrabbit hawk

148. What does pollution in streams and lakes usually do to the plants and animals that live there?

A. helps them growB. creates waterC. gives them foodD. kills them

149. Which planet is closest to the Sun?

A. PlutoB. NeptuneC. MercuryD. Mars

150. All of the planets in our solar system travel around

A. the Sun.B. the Moon.C. Earth.D. the galaxy.


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151. Accurate weather forecasts are probably most important to

A. truck drivers.B. baseball players.C. police officers.D. airline pilots.

152. Isobars on a weather map are used to indicate

A. air pressure.B. frontal systems.C. moisture in the air.D. cloud cover.

153. Wind speed can be measured using

A. an anemometer.B. a thermometer.C. a barometer.D. a spectrometer.

154. Sound waves are produced by

A. gravity.B. heat.C. vibration.D. light.

155. The Sun, a lightbulb, and a candle all give off light. How does the light from these things feel?

A. dryB. wetC. coolD. warm

156. Which of these is a simple machine?

A. a crayonB. a wagonC. a bookD. a paper clip

157. Foxes and owls eat the same food, but they do not compete for the same food because

A. owls only eat food they find in trees and foxes only eat food that is on the ground.B. owls hunt for food at night and foxes hunt for food during the day.C. owls prefer mice and birds and foxes prefer rabbits and squirrels.D. owls and foxes share their food with each other.


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158. The primary energy source in all living communities is

A. the Sun.B. the animals.C. the plants.D. the soil.

159. The day during the year when the Northern Hemisphere receives the greatest amount of sunlight is called the

A. fall equinox.B. spring equinox.C. winter solstice.D. summer solstice.

160. Which is the LARGEST object in the solar system?

A. EarthB. MarsC. the SunD. the Moon

161. The color (pigmentation) of a frog's skin helps it to

A. hide.B. breathe.C. swim.D. croak.

162. At the end of the summer, Agatha plows her garden plants under the soil. What will probably happen?

A. The dead plants will harm the soil.B. She will not be able to use her garden next year because the plants will not decay.C. When the plants decay, they will put nutrients back into the soil.D. After a few years, Agatha's garden will be ruined from so much decay.

163. The camel is an animal that lives in the desert. It has widely spread hooves to help it walk in the loose sand.These hooves are an example of

A. adaptation.B. extinction.C. persistence.D. permutation.

164. Which characteristic is NOT an example of protective adaptations?

A. presence of an exoskeleton in a lobsterB. camouflage of the walkingstick insectC. presence of long running legs in the ostrichD. well-developed circulatory system of a sparrow


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165. Which sentence is TRUE about the amount of daylight in summer and winter?

A. In the winter there are more hours of sunlight each day than in the summer.B. In the summer there are more hours of sunlight each day than in the winter.C. There are the same number of hours of sunlight each day in the summer as there are in the winter.D. Some summer days have fewer hours of sunlight than winter days, and other summer days have more hours ofsunlight than winter days.

166. Which form of precipitation is frozen rain?

A. snowB. dewC. frostD. sleet

167. The Sun is a

A. comet.B. meteor.C. planet.D. star.

168.

Use the list below to answer this question.

The things listed above are

A. only found in water animals.B. only found in land animals.C. ways animals have adapted to their environment.D. things that some animals choose for themselves.

169. There are day and night on Earth because

A. the Sun turns.B. the Moon turns.C. Earth turns.D. the Sun gets dark at night.

170. Clouds may be high, middle, or low. High clouds are above 20,000 feet. Middle clouds are between 6,000 and20,000 feet. Low clouds are between the ground and 6,000 feet. Which type of cloud would be found at 10,000 feet?

A. low cloudB. middle cloudC. high cloudD. cannot be determined from the information given


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171. Which of the following is the largest body in our solar system?

A. EarthB. MarsC. the MoonD. the Sun

172. A glass of cold lemonade was taken from the refrigerator and set on the table. Soon there were little drops ofwater on the outside of the glass. Where did the water come from?

A. The water came from the air.B. The water came through the glass.C. Ice in the glass melted and the lemonade in the glass overflowed.D. Nobody knows where the water came from.

173. A liter of water is poured into each of the containers shown below and they are left uncovered in a warmroom. After a day, which container will have the LEAST amount of water left in it?

A.

B.

C.

D.

174. The time it takes the Moon to go from a new moon to a full moon and back to a new moon is about

A. 1 day.B. 14 days.C. 28 days.D. 365 days.


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175. Which tool can be used to see objects far away?

A. a thermometerB. a batteryC. a telescopeD. a ruler

176. Which would show how the outside temperature changed each day for the past 30 days?

A. an encyclopediaB. an e-mailC. a newspaperD. a book about weather

177. When the Sun shines, the water in puddles slowly disappears. Which BEST tells how the water in the puddlesgoes away?

A. Animals drink all the water.B. The Sun's heat makes the water freeze.C. The Sun's heat makes the water evaporate.D. Cars and people splash all the water away.

178. Billy was pulling his wagon on the sidewalk. What should he do to keep the wagon moving?

A. Walk behind the wagon.B. Apply a force to the wagon.C. Put a weight in the wagon.D. Walk on the side of the wagon.

179. Samuel's mother sent him to bring back a big bag of sand from a sandpile down the street. Which machineshould Samuel use to help him do the job?

A. crowbarB. pulleyC. screwdriverD. wheelbarrow

180. Which simple machine is used on a flagpole to help when the flag is raised?

A. leverB. pulleyC. inclined planeD. wedge

181. Even when it has not rained, you may see drops of water on a car window in the early morning. Which tells whythe water is found?

A. Water in gas form is cooled at night and becomes a liquid.B. Water in solid form (ice) is heated at night and becomes a liquid.C. The car paint absorbs water in the day and loses water during the night.D. The car washer system was used the night before.


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182. Water can exist in three forms__as liquid (water), solid (ice), and gas (water vapor). Which tells what happens to

water as it changes form?

A. Liquid water gains heat to form a solid (ice).B. Liquid water loses heat to form a solid (ice).C. Solid water (ice) loses heat to form gas (water vapor).D. Water vapor (gas) gains heat to form liquid water.

183. A push or pull on an object will make it

A. smaller.B. larger.C. hot.D. move.

184. Jill shoots a basketball but it falls short of the hoop. Which should Jill do to make a score from the same place?

A. use less force on the ballB. use more pull on the ballC. use more force on the ballD. use less energy on the ball

185.

Use the pictures below to answer this question.

Sally was pulling her heavy cart by herself. Then Jo began pushing on the back of the cart. This will

A. keep the cart going at the same speed.B. make the cart go backward.C. make the cart go slower.D. make the cart go faster.


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186.


Several simple machines are used to make a bicycle. Which is an example of a lever?

A. the wheelB. the seatC. the brakeD. the chain

187.


The hand truck shown in the picture is used in stores to move boxes. Which simple machines are part of a hand truck?

A. pulley and leverB. lever and wheel and axleC. inclined plane and wheelD. pulley and inclined plane


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188. Some ducks stay in Georgia all winter, though they migrate to the south from other states. Which tells why theducks in Georgia do not migrate?

A. They are tired of moving.B. People in the north hunt and kill them.C. They find plenty of food, even in winter.D. There are already too many ducks in the south.

189. Which tool would you use to measure the amount of rain that falls in an area?

A.

B.

C.

D.


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190. Which tool is a part of a system for making sounds louder?

A.

B.

C.

D.

191. Which is a correct food chain?

A. tree → moose → horse → dogB. leaf → grasshopper → frog → snakeC. seed → pollen → plant → flowerD. vine → berry → honey → bear

192. When water on a sidewalk dries, it goes into the air as water vapor. Later, when the air cools, what happens tothe water vapor?

A. It becomes snow.B. It condenses.C. It evaporates.D. It becomes a gas.

193. Beavers have webbed feet and paddle-like tails. These adaptations help beavers live in

A. deserts.B. forests.C. prairies.D. rivers.

194. Which instrument is used to measure air pressure?

A. thermometerB. barometerC. anemometerD. hygrometer


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195. Which planet is the fourth from the Sun?

A. SaturnB. MarsC. UranusD. Jupiter

196. Which lists three of the planets in correct order starting with the one nearest to the Sun?

A. Saturn, Jupiter, PlutoB. Mercury, Mars, VenusC. Earth, Jupiter, UranusD. Jupiter, Mars, Earth

197. Bob and his dad are building a tree house. Which machine will help them lift the materials up into the tree?

A. leverB. pulleyC. wedgeD. wheel

198. Which simple machine would be BEST for lifting a piano to the second floor?

A. gearB. screwC. wedgeD. pulley

199. Billy's class went on a nature walk. He and his classmates saw red, orange, yellow, and brown leaves fallingfrom the trees. Which season of the year was it?

A. fallB. springC. summerD. winter

200. Which is the longest amount of time?

A. dayB. monthC. seasonD. week

201. Which object reflects the light from the Sun so we see it at night?

A. a space shuttleB. a meteorC. the MoonD. a star


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202. Which is a weather instrument?

A. balanceB. thermometerC. meterstickD. microscope

203. Which weather instrument tells the direction the wind is blowing?

A. barometerB. rain gaugeC. thermometerD. weather vane

204. Why does the Moon appear larger than the stars?

A. The Moon is larger than the stars.B. The Moon is closer to Earth.C. The Moon is farther away from Earth.D. The light of the Moon is brighter than the light of the Sun.

205. Which weather instrument is used to measure wind speed?

A. anemometerB. barometerC. rain gaugeD. thermometer

206. Sally could not go outside and play for three days because it was raining. Which weather instrument would tellher how much it rained?

A. barometerB. thermometerC. rain gaugeD. weather vane

207. Which would make the softest sound?

A. balloon poppingB. hammer hitting a nailC. eraser hitting a chalkboardD. metal rod hitting a musical triangle

208. Ruth sat on the floor and played with a wooden spoon and a pan. If Ruth hit the pan with the spoon, it wouldsound most like a

A. car horn.B. crying baby.C. drum.D. train whistle.


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209. Which sound has a pitch that is MOST DIFFERENT from the other three sounds?

A. fire alarmB. train whistleC. bouncing ballD. smoke detector

210. A dark, funnel-shaped windstorm that comes near the ground and can cause much destruction is a

A. tornado.B. blizzard.C. hurricane.D. thunderstorm.

211. A pulley would be used to

A. cut paper.B. lift an object.C. split a log.D. hold objects together.

212. Which tool is used by astronomers to make objects that are far away appear larger?

A. microscopeB. satelliteC. spacecraftD. telescope

213. Which motion takes about one year?

A. Earth rotating on its axisB. the Sun revolving around EarthC. Earth revolving around the SunD. the Moon revolving around Earth

214. Which statement is true about Earth?

A. It is smaller than Mars.B. It is larger than the Sun.C. Its orbit is closest to Jupiter.D. It is the third planet from the Sun.

215. Which planet is closest to Earth?

A. NeptuneB. SaturnC. UranusD. Venus


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216. Which planet is MOST like Earth?

A. MarsB. NeptuneC. PlutoD. Uranus

217. Jane hears a fire truck siren that does not change in pitch or loudness. The fire truck is

A. leaving the station.B. parked at the station.C. passing by the station.D. coming toward the station.

218. The whippoorwill is a bird that is colored so that it is very difficult to see when it is perched on a tree limb.Which term describes this kind of adaptation?

A. aggressiveB. selectiveC. protectiveD. inventive

219. Which animal would be protected in its environment because of its coloration?

A. a cardinal perched in a treeB. a red fox walking through an open fieldC. a zebra standing at the edge of a lakeD. a deer's fawn lying on the forest floor

220. Which tool tells the way the wind is blowing?

A. barometerB. rain gaugeC. thermometerD. weather vane

221. Which tool is NOT used to find out about weather?

A. scaleB. barometerC. thermometerD. weather vane

222. A person who is measuring temperature, wind direction, and amount of rain is studying

A. stars.B. rocks.C. weather.D. animals.


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223. Owls hunt for food mostly at night. How do owls find food in the dark?

A. Owls find food by feeling with antennas.B. Owls use their feet to scratch and find seeds.C. The eyes of owls open very wide to see in dim light.D. Owls sit in trees and wait for food to move closer.

224. Which of the following is a predator?

A. foxB. rabbitC. grassD. the Sun


49

225. Which graph best shows the amount of daylight in the United States at different times of the year?

A.

B.

C.

D.


50


Which conclusion can be made from the table?

A. All planets have moons.B. Each planet is about 50 million kilometers farther from the Sun than the next closest planet.C. The largest planet is furthest from the Sun.D. The period of revolution increases with greater distance from the Sun.

227. Jim's family just got a large, heavy box delivered to their house. The box was so heavy that they could not lift it.Jim's dad suggested that they turn a wooden board into a simple machine to make moving the box easier. They movedthe board over the stairs and got the box inside easily.

Which kind of simple machine did Jim and his father use to move the box?

A. a lever

B. a wheel

C. a pulley

D. an inclined plane


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228. Which simple machine BEST describes the shovel shown below?

A. screw

B. lever

C. pulley

D. wheel

229. Many animals have colorings that help them blend into their environment. Which of these animals is MOSTLIKELY to depend on this kind of coloring for its survival?

A. elephantB. flamingoC. blue jayD. deer

230. Felicia is conducting an investigation on weather. She wants to find out what the temperature is outside herapartment window. What tool should Felicia use?

A. barometerB. sundialC. thermometerD. weathervane


52

231. Look at the objects below.

Which question could you answer using these objects?

A. How fast does the toy car roll down the ramp?B. How far does the toy car roll off the ramp?C. How heavy is the toy car?D. How tall is the ramp?

232. In a family of rabbits, half the rabbits are brown and half are white. Which statement BEST explains why therabbits have two different colors?

A. The white rabbits were in the Sun more than the brown rabbits.B. The brown rabbits inherited different coat colors than the white rabbits.C. The brown rabbit ate foods that are darker in color than the white rabbits.D. The white rabbits live where it is warmer than where the brown rabbits live.


53

233. Children sometimes use simple machines to play.

Using the picture above, what is the name of the simple machine that the child is using?

A. glide

B. pulley

C. swing

D. wheel

234. Rain forest trees give off water vapor, bringing needed rain to the surrounding environment. What might happenif all the trees in large parts of a rain forest were cut down?

A. Earth's climate would get drier.B. Rain would fall only on the rain forest.C. The rain forest climate would get cooler.D. Areas near the rain forest would get drier.

235. Anna wanted to know how far a bowling ball, basketball, and tennis ball would roll on a flat surface. How couldshe test this?

A. roll the bowling ball across the flat surface three times and see how far it goes each timeB. roll each ball across the flat surface and see how long it takes each one to stopC. roll each ball across the flat surface and measure how far each ball rolledD. roll each ball down a hill and see which ball rolls the fastest


54

236. Johnnie's bike is in the bike rack at school. It will remain there until Johnnie rides it home after school.

What force keeps his bike from falling over sideways?

A. pull of gravity on the bikeB. push of the bike rack on the bikeC. push of the ground up on the bikeD. friction between the tires and the ground

237. Scientists study outer space by sending telescopes and other scientific instruments out into space. Where arethese instruments placed to allow scientists to study outer space?

A. satellitesB. asteroidsC. PlutoD. Sun

238. Jan is doing an experiment to see how tall plants grow in different soil. She knows she needs to keep most thingsthe same from one trial to the next. Why should she keep MOST things the same in an experiment?

A. to know what made the plants grow different heightsB. to use many plants in the experimentC. to change the height of the plantsD. to grow more plants

239. Which tool can a scientist use to measure temperature?

A. cupB. rulerC. balanceD. thermometer


55

240. The diagram below shows the different animals that live in a wetland. Look carefully at the food web.

Which animal in the wetland eats frogs?

A. fishB. insectC. falconD. duck

241. Students in Martin's class make a model of the solar system. They cut a circle out of paper for each planet. Theywant the size of each circle to be the same scale. Which tool should they use to measure the sizes of the circles?

A. rulerB. balanceC. scissorsD. thermometer

242. Which tool should be used to study the Moon?

A. rulerB. microscopeC. telescopeD. thermometer

243. A falling leaf, a dropped ball, and water dropping from a faucet are all examples of the effect of what type offorce?

A. weightB. massC. gravityD. push

244. Which example of a simple machine is a lever?

A. screwB. pulleyC. rampD. pliers


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The balance is a simple machine called

A. a lever.B. a pulley.C. a wheel and axle.D. an inclined plane.


The picture shows a stringed instrument with strings of three different thicknesses. Which statement is true?

A. Strings X and Y will vibrate at the same speed.

B. String X will vibrate the fastest and produce the highest tone.

C. String X will vibrate the slowest and produce the lowest tone.

D. Strings Y and Z will produce the same sound.

247. Which simple machine is used to raise the flag on a flagpole?

A. inclined planeB. leverC. pulleyD. wedge


57


What is the energy source in this food chain?

A. the grass

B. the fox

C. the Sun

D. the soil

249.

What aide is used to magnify the appearance of distant objects in the sky?

A. magnifying lenseB. digital cameraC. microscopeD. telescope

250.

Which area would be most effective for telescopes to clearly see distant objects in the sky?

A. a jungleB. a desertC. a local city parkD. a tall building's roof

251.

How many stars are in the sky?

A. hundredsB. thousandsC. millionsD. too many to count


58

252.

Which are giant balls of gas in space that shine through darkness.

A. starsB. moonsC. planetsD. constellations

253.

Which describes why stars are different colors?

A. Stars are the same color.B. Stars reflect light from the sun.C. Stars have differnt locations.D. Stars have different temperatures.

254.

Over the summer, a student observed the night sky. The student noticed a planet's position moved nightly across aconstellation, while the stars of the constellation remained in the same position. Why is the possible?

A. the planet is revolving around the earthB. the planet is revolving faster around the starsC. the planet is closer to earth than the starsD. the planet is farther from the earth than the stars

255.

When looking at the night sky, why do planets and stars look similar in size?

A. because the smaller stars are at a closer distanceB. because the larger stars are a further distance awayC. because the larger planets are a further distance awayD. because the smaller planets are at a further distance away

256.

A student has two styrofoam balls. One ball represents the sun. The other represents the earth. How could the studentuse the balls to model the change from day to night?

A. revolve the model of the earth around the model of the sunB. revolve the model of the sun around the model of the earthC. rotate the model of the earthD. rotate the model of the sun

257.

Which phase of the moon do we see the moon fully lit?

A. New MoonB. Full MoonC. Gibbous MoonD. First Quarter Moon


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258.

In which phase of the Moon are you not able to see any of the Moon?

A. New MoonB. Gibbous MoonC. Crescent MoonD. Last Quarter Moon

259.

If the North Pole tilts towards the Sun in June, where would summer be in the world?

A. the eastern half of the EarthB. the western half of the EarthC. the northern half of the EarthD. the southern half of the Earth

260.

How long does it take the Moon to show all its phases?

A. one dayB. one weekC. one yearD. one month

261.

Materials:lamp/light to represent the Sun;ball to represent the Earth;ball to represent the Moon;

Directions:Do not move the lamp.Do not move the ball representing Earth.Move the ball representing the Moon.

What will you observe?

A. the Moon tilting on its axisB. the Earth tilting on its axisC. the phases of the MoonD. the phases of the Earth


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262.

Which answer BEST explains the results of this experiment?

You put an ice cube in a cup. Place the cup in the sun for two hours.

A. The ice will melt and some water will evaporate.B. All of the water will have evaporated.C. None of the water will evaporate.D. All the water remains in the cup.

263.

Which of these is the next step in the water cycle?

Step 1: EvaporationStep 2: CondensationStep 3: __________

A. precipitationB. clouds formC. Water vaporD. freezing

264.

Which answer identifies the changing of a liquid to a gas?

A. water vaporB. evaporationC. precipitationD. condensation

265.

When water mixes with air, it forms water vapor. Air cools and water vapor forms clouds. Which part of the watercycle is being described?

A. precipitationB. condensationC. sublimationD. evaporation

266.

In a novel, the main character talks about walking through �ground level clouds.� Which BEST describes what thecharacter was walking through?

A. rainB. sleetC. fogD. hail


61

267.

A large amount of liquid water gains heat and evaporates into the air becoming water vapor. There the water particleslose heat and become a liquid again. Which BEST explains what happens next if the liquid turned into a solid?

A. The liquid could fall as snow.B. It would not fall from the sky.C. The liquid would evaporate.D. It would rain very hard.

268.

Which is a reason it is important to observe and keep records of weather conditions over long periods of time?

A. Scientists enjoy keeping weather records.B. Hurricanes can be prevented and lives can be saved.C. The weather changes so little that these are easy records to keep.D. Scientists predict patterns where flooding or drought might occur.

269.

In an ecosystem, who makes their own food?

A. producersB. consumersC. composersD. decomposers

270.

In an ecosystem, which member feeds on dead producers and consumers?

A. producerB. consumerC. food webD. decomposer

271.

Which answer correctly completes this sentence?

Consumers could not survive without _________.

A. producersB. consumersC. competitionD. decomposers


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272.

What are consumers that eat both plants and animals called?

A. VegetariansB. HerbivoresC. CarnivoresD. Omnivores

273.

Where does a food web/chain get its energy?

A. SunB. MoonC. plantsD. animals

274.

Which answer describes the role in the food chain that is considered to be the 'end' of the chain?

A. producerB. consumerC. decomposerD. plants and animals

275.

A particular food web contains the following animals:grass, mice, rabbits and foxes.

If all the foxes are removed what will likely to happen to the mice and rabbit population?

A. The mice will die.B. The rabbits will leave the web.C. There will be more mice and rabbits.D. There will be fewer mice and rabbits.

276.

A particular food web contains an abundance of cows in a small grassy area. What might happen in this food web?

A. The grass will grow tall.B. The cows will eat all of the grass.C. The grass will move away from the cows.D. The cows won't be able to eat all the grass.


63

277.

A large population of snakes moves into an area. What might happen to the mice in that area?

A. The mice will become larger.B. There will be more mice too.C. The snakes will stop eating the mice.D. The mouse population will become smaller.

278.

When there are few mice in an ecosystem what is going to happen to the snakes?

A. The snakes must look for another food source or they will die.B. Snakes will adapt and consume only plant life.C. The snakes will learn to eat grass.D. Mice will move into the area.

279.

The grass in a certain area does not grow. What will happen to the animals in that area who consume grass?

A. They will die if they don't find another food source.B. They will wait for the grass to grow.C. The grass will grow in these areas.D. They will learn to eat meat.

280.

Which answer explains how an ecosystem might change if there were no producers living there?

A. The environment would adapt.B. The environment would be healthier.C. Producers are not necessary in an ecosystem.D. Other organisms could no longer survive in this area.

281.

Which answer best explains what would happen to a rainy ecosystem that suddenly became very dry with no rain?

A. Organisms would adapt.B. No changes would occur.C. The whole ecosystem would be at risk of extinction.D. The dry conditions would be good for the ecosystem.

282.

Which of the following events would have the LEAST effect on an ecosystem?

A. cutting down all the treesB. animals moving from place to placeC. moving the water sources far away from the animalsD. move a new herd of animals in the area to eat the food


64

283.

Which answer describes the role humans should play in protecting a rare ecosystem?

A. cut down the dead treesB. remove dangerous animalsC. do not intrude or interfereD. put a nice park in the area

284.

What would happen if a drought occurred for several years in an ecosystem?

A. Nothing would change.B. New plants would grow.C. The animals would learn to not drink so much water.D. The whole ecosystem would change due to the lack of water.

285.

Reflection occurs when

A. light bends.B. light shines in your eyes.C. light goes through a surface.D. light strikes a surface and bounces off.

286.

Which object will reflect the most light?

A. shiny red paperB. mirrorC. copperD. glass

287.

Which object would BEST reflect light from a light bulb?

A. a shiny spoonB. notebook paperC. a black sweaterD. a glass of water

288.

Which type of lens bulges out in the middle?

A. concaveB. convexC. flatD. glass


65

289.

A magnifying glass is an example of what type of lens?

A. convexB. concaveC. squareD. thick

290.

Some animals would be unable to sustain themselves over long, cold winters. Which of these describes the way theyare able to adapt?

A. hibernationB. protective armorC. use of camouflageD. nocturnal (nighttime) activities

291.

Identify one way humans have caused the extinction of organisms.

A. Humans have over hunted and killed many animals.B. Humans have had little effect on organisms.C. Humans didn't feed the animals.D. Humans kept animals as pets.

292.

What role have humans played in the extinction of animals?

A. Humans domesticate animals, which has caused extinction.B. Humans destroyed habitats, which has caused extinction.C. Humans avoid animals, leading to their extinction.D. New forests have been built by humans.

293.

Identify the choice that is considered to cause the extinction of certain organisms today.

A. too many animalsB. too much foodC. heavy rainsD. toxic waste

294.

What determines pitch?

A. solidsB. liquidsC. amplitudeD. the rate of vibration


66

295.

What is a simple machine?

A. a machine with few partsB. a machine that can not operateC. a machine that is very complicatedD. a machine that can operate without energy put in

296.

Complete this sentence:A change in force always brings about a change in

A. energy.B. force.C. machines.D. position.

297.

Which answer lists only simple machines?

A. screw, car, tiresB. lever, screw, wheelC. television, computers, leverD. lawn mower, edger, leaf blower

298. Which one of these would be best to use to move the box out of the truck?

A. A pulley

B. A lever

C. A wheel and axle

D. An inclined plane

Permission has been granted for reproduction by the Virginia Department of Education© Virginia Department of Education


67

299.

The basket is being lifted by —

A. a pulley.

B. a wheel and axle.

C. an inclined plane.

D. a lever.



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300.

Usually, cumulonimbus clouds are associated with weather that is —

A. dry.

B. stormy.

C. fair.

D. foggy.


301. By passing white light through a prism, you can tell —

A. that white light is actually a mixture of different colors.

B. the mass of the prism.

C. the original source of the light.

D. that blue light is brighter than white light.



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302.

The eyespots on this butterfly's wings allow it to —

A. stay warm.

B. locate nectar-filled flowers.

C. fly away quickly.

D. frighten or confuse enemies.


303. Snow and sleet are two kinds of —

A. precipitation.

B. evaporation.

C. condensation.

D. temperatures.

Pemission has been granted for reproduction by the Virginia Department of Education© Virginia Department of Education


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304.

The head of an axe is wide at one end and pointed at the other to help cut or trim trees. The axe head is anexample of —

A. a pulley

B. a wheel and axle

C. a wedge

D. an inclined plane



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305.

The picture shows the water cycle. At which point in the cycle does most evaporation occur?

A. 1

B. 2

C. 3

D. 4


306. Why are decomposers important in any environment?

A. They make food using sunlight.

B. They make places for animals to live.

C. They help to break down dead organisms.

D. They are a big part of the water cycle.



72

307.

The picture shows a glass of hot water. There are water drops on the inside edge of the glass. Where did thewater come from?

A. It leaked through the glass.

B. It was sweat from a person.

C. The glass was tipped over by someone.

D. It condensed from the rising steam.



73

308.

Each of these simple machines contains a —

A. wheel and axle.

B. lever.

C. pulley.

D. wedge.



74

309.

Which of the following is the next phase of the moon?

A.

B.

C.

D.


310. How are humans classified within a food chain?

A. Producers

B. Consumers

C. Decomposers

D. Manufacturers



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311. Which diagram best shows the reflection of light?

A.

B.

C.

D.



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312.

Based on the above symbols, which of the following represents a wind speed of 30 knots?

A.

B.

C.

D.



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313. Which of the following weather conditions would make you put on a heavy, warm coat and gloves?

A.

B.

C.

D.



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314.

Which of the following is being used to hold the door open?

A. A wedge

B. A screw

C. A lever

D. A pulley



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315.

This is a picture of a dry riverbed. What part of the water cycle is needed for the river to run?

A. Evaporation

B. Condensation

C. Precipitation

D. Weathering



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316. The pictures below show an ice cube left on a plate in a warm room. Which picture was taken last?

A.

B.

C.

D.


317.

A turtle uses its shell for —

A. defense.

B. movement.

C. rearing young.

D. storing food.



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318. A science class wanted to know if an empty wagon and a wagon full of books would roll down a ramp atthe same speed. Which ramps should the students build to perform a fair test?

A.

B.

C.

D.



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319. A bird that dies benefits a tree by providing it with —

A. minerals.

B. carbohydrates.

C. water.

D. oxygen.


320.

The picture shows a study that Isaac Newton made with a prism to produce a spectrum. Newton's discoveryled most directly to an understanding of the cause of —

A. x-rays

B. sunspots

C. rainbows

D. starlight



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321. A high soprano singer can break a crystal glass if the glass resonates with her voice. In order to do this,the sound the singer makes has to be —

A. speeded up before reaching the glass

B. amplified before reaching the glass

C. reflected off the glass

D. able to vibrate the glass


322. Venus, the moon, Mars, and the sun are all visible in our sky. All but one of these reflect light fromanother source. Which of the following produces its own light?

A. Venus

B. The moon

C. Mars

D. The sun



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323.

Which of these animals MOST likely made the hole in the cactus to find water?

A.

B.

C.

D.



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324. Which of the following pictures shows how a wedge works?

A.

B.

C.

D.



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325.

What will happen to the water in the pot if left over the campfire?

A. The water will turn into a solid.

B. The water will turn into a gas.

C. The water will turn into a liquid.

D. The water will turn into ashes.



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Answer Key

1. A) Pour some of the water out of the glass.

2. A)

3. C) a wedge

4. D) winter

5. B) 27

6. C) Mercury

7. D)

8. A) lever

9. A)

10. C) lever and wedge

11. B) small fish in shallow water

12. B) decrease.

13. C) warm water.


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14. D)

15. A) black.

16. D)

17. B) an echo.

18. A) vibrations.

19. D) black paper.

20. D) frog

21. B) color.

22. B) to blend in with grass for protection

23. B) wheel

24. D) If a predator catches the lizard by the tail, the tail breaks off and the lizard gets away.

25. D) Slugs have a foul-tasting coat.

26. C) a short, sharp beak.

27. A) They both use a horrible smell that repels predators.

28. C) spraying chemicals to kill the insects

29. C) outside in the sun.

30. B) brightness increases and temperature increases.

31. D) grass

32. D) heat energy.

33. B) push

34. C) push.

35. A) push.


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36. A) a wheel.

37. D) a lever.

38. A) light color.

39. D) produce food.

40. A) a herbivore.

41. B) condensation.

42. C) satellites.

43. A) Mercury

44. A) stripes on a zebra

45. C) bright colors such as reds, blues, and oranges

46. D) high pressure.

47. B) axis.

48. B) 28 days.

49. A) more water vapor will be in the atmosphere.

50. B) Mars

51. B) the Sun is directly overhead.

52. C) the evaporation of water from the oceans

53. C) Jupiter.

54. D)

55. D) less than 400

56. A) area of thunderstorms.

57. C) C

58. A) Cities produce more heat and air pollutants than rural areas.

59. B) a comet

60. B) the revolution of Earth is not exactly 365 days.

61. C) the Sun.


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62. C) The leaf will decay and become part of the soil.

63. A) ringing a bell

64. B) Earth on its axis.

65. C) the Sun

66. B) the Sun.

67. A) very little rainfall.

68. B) winter

69. D) revolution of Earth around the Sun.

70. B) Water evaporates from the ocean, condenses in clouds, falls as precipitation, then runs off into the ocean.

71. D) turtle.

72. A) The Moon does not produce its own light.

73. B) the tilt of Earth's axis.

74. A) bears, which eat berries, honey, small animals, and salmon

75. C) a crayfish's strong claw

76. A) the forming of shadows

77. B) escape from predators.

78. A) barometer

79. C) the Sun

80. D) the force of gravity on the ball

81. C) a long, slim body

82. A) very little rainfall.

83. B) Earth to make one complete revolution around the Sun.

84. D) It reflects light from the Sun.

85. B) eat leaves on trees.

86. A) the plants use up nutrients in the soil.

87. A) the Sun

88. D) The fox is the predator, and the mouse is the prey.

89. D) water vapor in the air.


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90. B) one day

91. C) the weather turns cold.

92. A) computer, barometer, thermometer

93. A) move to other areas that had trees.

94. A) sneak up on seals.

95. C) One half of Earth is always in shadow.

96. C) about once each month

97. B) contains stored energy.

98. C) green plants.

99. B) scare predators.

100. B) Foxes eat mice.

101. C) The Moon's gravity is weaker than Earth's.

102. B) find mice at night.

103. D) introducing grey wolves to the island

104. A) taking pictures that show the movement of clouds.

105. B) gravity

106. C) produce food and give off oxygen.

107. B) tiny water droplets.

108. A) The water in the sponge went into the air.

109. B) protection.

110. B) hide.

111. D) telescope.

112. B) They are formed from water vapor in the air.

113. D) rocks

114. C) lives on the ground and eats a variety of leaves, fruits, and insects.

115. A) blades of grass.

116. B) Each kind of living thing has special needs that must be met.

117. D) plants.


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118. A) the Moon.

119. B) Water from the air forms droplets on the grass.

120. D) the Sun.

121. C) It evaporated.

122. A) Earth rotates on its axis.

123. B) migration.

124. D) rise in the east and set in the west.

125. A) Arctic Ocean.

126. A) meters per second.

127. A) lower than in October.

128. B) the Sun.

129. C) Loud music can damage the inside parts of your ears.

130. B) The water in the sponge became a gas and went into the air.

131. C) planet.

132. D) reflected light from the Sun

133. A) the Sun.

134. A) grass → crickets → birds

135. B) plant

136. C) robins.

137. D) fall

138. C) The molecules were heated, and the water changed from a liquid to a gas.

139. C) moon.

140. D) in outer space.

141. D) vibrations.

142. B)

143. D) Leave a measuring cup out in the schoolyard night and day for a week. Record how much water is in it eachday.

144. C) pulley


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145. C) screw

146. D) lungs

147. D) cactus jackrabbit hawk

148. D) kills them

149. C) Mercury

150. A) the Sun.

151. D) airline pilots.

152. A) air pressure.

153. A) an anemometer.

154. C) vibration.

155. D) warm

156. B) a wagon

157. B) owls hunt for food at night and foxes hunt for food during the day.

158. A) the Sun.

159. D) summer solstice.

160. C) the Sun

161. A) hide.

162. C) When the plants decay, they will put nutrients back into the soil.

163. A) adaptation.

164. D) well-developed circulatory system of a sparrow

165. B) In the summer there are more hours of sunlight each day than in the winter.

166. D) sleet

167. D) star.

168. C) ways animals have adapted to their environment.

169. C) Earth turns.

170. B) middle cloud

171. D) the Sun

172. A) The water came from the air.


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173. C)

174. C) 28 days.

175. C) a telescope

176. C) a newspaper

177. C) The Sun's heat makes the water evaporate.

178. B) Apply a force to the wagon.

179. D) wheelbarrow

180. B) pulley

181. A) Water in gas form is cooled at night and becomes a liquid.

182. B) Liquid water loses heat to form a solid (ice).

183. D) move.

184. C) use more force on the ball

185. D) make the cart go faster.

186. C) the brake

187. B) lever and wheel and axle

188. C) They find plenty of food, even in winter.

189. D)

190. C)

191. B) leaf → grasshopper → frog → snake

192. B) It condenses.

193. D) rivers.


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194. B) barometer

195. B) Mars

196. C) Earth, Jupiter, Uranus

197. B) pulley

198. D) pulley

199. A) fall

200. C) season

201. C) the Moon

202. B) thermometer

203. D) weather vane

204. B) The Moon is closer to Earth.

205. A) anemometer

206. C) rain gauge

207. C) eraser hitting a chalkboard

208. C) drum.

209. C) bouncing ball

210. A) tornado.

211. B) lift an object.

212. D) telescope

213. C) Earth revolving around the Sun

214. D) It is the third planet from the Sun.

215. D) Venus

216. A) Mars

217. B) parked at the station.

218. C) protective

219. D) a deer's fawn lying on the forest floor

220. D) weather vane

221. A) scale


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222. C) weather.

223. C) The eyes of owls open very wide to see in dim light.

224. A) fox

225. C)

226. D) The period of revolution increases with greater distance from the Sun.

227. D) an inclined plane

228. B) lever

229. D) deer

230. C) thermometer

231. A) How fast does the toy car roll down the ramp?

232. B) The brown rabbits inherited different coat colors than the white rabbits.

233. B) pulley

234. D) Areas near the rain forest would get drier.

235. C) roll each ball across the flat surface and measure how far each ball rolled

236. B) push of the bike rack on the bike

237. A) satellites

238. A) to know what made the plants grow different heights

239. D) thermometer

240. C) falcon

241. A) ruler

242. C) telescope

243. C) gravity


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244. D) pliers

245. A) a lever.

246. B) String X will vibrate the fastest and produce the highest tone.

247. C) pulley

248. C) the Sun

249. D) telescope

250. B) a desert

251. D) too many to count

252. A) stars

253. D) Stars have different temperatures.

254. C) the planet is closer to earth than the stars

255. B) because the larger stars are a further distance away

256. C) rotate the model of the earth

257. B) Full Moon

258. A) New Moon

259. C) the northern half of the Earth

260. D) one month

261. C) the phases of the Moon

262. A) The ice will melt and some water will evaporate.

263. A) precipitation

264. B) evaporation

265. B) condensation

266. C) fog

267. A) The liquid could fall as snow.

268. D) Scientists predict patterns where flooding or drought might occur.

269. A) producers

270. D) decomposer


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271. A) producers

272. D) Omnivores

273. A) Sun

274. C) decomposer

275. C) There will be more mice and rabbits.

276. B) The cows will eat all of the grass.

277. D) The mouse population will become smaller.

278. A) The snakes must look for another food source or they will die.

279. A) They will die if they don't find another food source.

280. D) Other organisms could no longer survive in this area.

281. C) The whole ecosystem would be at risk of extinction.

282. B) animals moving from place to place

283. C) do not intrude or interfere

284. D) The whole ecosystem would change due to the lack of water.

285. D) light strikes a surface and bounces off.

286. B) mirror

287. A) a shiny spoon

288. B) convex

289. A) convex

290. A) hibernation

291. A) Humans have over hunted and killed many animals.

292. B) Humans destroyed habitats, which has caused extinction.

293. D) toxic waste

294. D) the rate of vibration

295. A) a machine with few parts

296. D) position.

297. B) lever, screw, wheel

298. D) An inclined plane


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299. A) a pulley.

300. B) stormy.

301. A) that white light is actually a mixture of different colors.

302. D) frighten or confuse enemies.

303. A) precipitation.

304. C) a wedge

305. C) 3

306. C) They help to break down dead organisms.

307. D) It condensed from the rising steam.

308. D) wedge.

309. D)

310. B) Consumers

311. D)

312. A)


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313. B)

314. A) A wedge

315. C) Precipitation

316. B)

317. A) defense.

318. B)

319. A) minerals.

320. C) rainbows

321. D) able to vibrate the glass

322. D) The sun


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323. B)

324. C)

325. B) The water will turn into a gas.


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sc review2 (screview2)...1. the figure below shows a glass partly filled with water. grace tapped...

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