School of Science

SYLLABUS

FOR

PROGRAM: B.Sc.

Microbiology (BSM501)

ACADEMIC YEAR: 2014-15

SEMESTER: V

DIRECTORSCHOOL OF SCIENCE

RK UNIVERSITY

RAJKOT

Course Title MICROBIOLOGY

Course Code BSM 501

Course Credit

Lecture : 4

Practical : 3

Tutorial : 0

Total : 7

Course Learning Outcomes

On the completion of the course, students will be able to:

Understand the basics concepts of applied microbiology

Learn various techniques for qualitative analysis of milk and grading ofmilk.

Analyze the quality of water, food and milk

Detailed Syllabus

Sr.No. Name of Chapter & Details Hours

Allotted

Section-I

Unit-1 Microbiology of Soil

A. Properties of soilPhysical & Chemical Characteristics of Soil, Rhizosphere &Microbial flora of Soil, Interactions among soil microorganisms:Neutral, Beneficial & Harmful interactions

B. Biogeochemical cyclesIntroduction of Mineralization & immobilization of elements,

12

Nitrogen Cycle: Proteolysis, Ammonification, Nitrification, Nitratereduction,, Denitrification; Biochemistry & genetics of nitrogenfixation (nif gene technology), Sulphur Cycle: Sulphur oxidation &Reduction, Winogradsky’s Column, Carbon cycle: Degradation ofcomplex organic compounds, formation of humus and itsimportance.

Unit-2 Food Microbiology

Microbial flora of fresh food, Microbial spoilage of foods: Freshfoods & Canned foods, Food Borne infection & intoxication: Roleof S.aureus, C.botulinum & Salmonella Spp..in food poisoning,Preservation of foods: General principles & methods of foodpreservation, Microbiological examination of food; Introduction toAGMark, Brief introduction about fermented foods: Pickles,Sauerkraut, Silage, Sausages & Bread, Microorganisms as food:Single Cell Protein, Mushrooms and Functional foods

12

Unit-3 Dairy Microbiology

Milk as a medium, normal flora of milk, Types of microorganismsin milk: Biochemical types, Pathogenic types, Temperature types;Spoilage of milk & milk products, Microbial analysis of milk: SPC,Direct count, MBRT, Resazurin test, Grading of milk, Fermentedmilk Beverages & Manufactured Dairy Products: Starter Culture,Cheese, Yogurt, Buttermilk, Acidophilus milk, Kefir, Preservationof milk: Principles & methods of preservation

12

Section-II

Unit-4 Aquatic Microbiology & Microbiology of waste waterA. IntroductionNatural Water: Atmosphere, surface, Stored & Ground water;Aquatic environment: Temperature, Hydrostatic pressure, Light,Salinity, Turbidity, pH, inorganic & organic constituents,Distribution of microorganisms in the aquatic environment

12

B. Microbiology of drinking waterSanitary survey, Bacteriological evidence of pollution,Bacteriological analysis & Sampling techniques of water,Microorganisms other than Coliforms as nuisance organisms

C. Water purificationSedimentation, Filtration use of Sand filters, Disinfection

D. Waste waterChemical and Microbial Characteristics of waste water, B.O.D.,C.O.D. as indicator of quality of waste water, Waste watertreatment & Disposal --Single Dwelling Process & MunicipalTreatment -- Primary Treatment, Secondary Treatment, Advanced& final treatment, Solid waste processing: Anaerobic Sludgedigestion & Composting

Unit-5 Environment and BiotechnologyA. EnvironmentTypes of Pollutants, Sources & Effect on ecology, Pollution bypesticides, Biomagnifications of pesticide & their biologicalcontrol, Brief account on Water pollution (by Oil, Detergent, Heavymetal & industrial effluent) & their Biological control, Role ofmicroorganisms in Biodeterioration of Paper, Textiles, paints,woods & metals and their control, Air Pollution & Air Sanitation

B. BiotechnologyWhat is Biotechnology, Biotechnology as interdisciplinary science;Ethical, Legal and Social Implications of Biotechnology;Bioleaching, Microbial enhanced oil recovery; Biofuels, Bioplastics

12

FUNDAMENTALS OF MICROBIOLOGY (PRACTICAL) 6 HOURS PER WEEK

1. Isolation of nitrogen fixing bacteria2. Cultivation of nitrifying and denitrifying bacteria (Demo)3. Cultivation of cellulose decomposing microorganisms from soil((Demo)

4. Demonstration of oozing, and isolation of pathogen from diseased specimen oflemon leaf showing citrus canker and isolation of Xanthomonas spp.5. Standard qualitative analysis of milk6. Methylene Blue Reduction Time test for milk7. Estimation of DO.8. Isolation and identification of coli forms from Water by Presumptive, Confirmed

& Completed test

Instructional Method and Pedagogy:

Lectures will be conducted with the aid of multi-media projector, black board,OHP etc.

Assignments based on course content will be given to the students at the end ofeach unit/topic and will be evaluated at regular interval.

Surprise tests/Quizzes/Tutorials will be conducted. The course includes a laboratory, where students have an opportunity to build an

appreciation for the concepts being taught in lectures. Minimum ten experiments shall be there in the laboratory related to course

contents.

Reference Books:

1. Principles of Microbiology By Atlas R.M.: 2nd edition2. Microbiology by Pelczar M.J. & Chain E.C.S. : 5th edition3. Introduction to soil microbiology by Alexander M: 2nd edition4. Biotechnology fundamental & applications By Purohit S.S.5. Diseases of Crop plants in India by Rangaswami G.6. Microbiology fundamental & applications By Purohit S.S.7. Microbiology by Prescott L.M.8. Fundamentals of Microbiology By Frobisher M.: 9th edition9. Industrial Microbiology by Prescott S.C. : 3rd edition10.Food Microbiology by Frazier W.C.: 3rd edition

11. Food science & Experimental foods By Swaminathan M..12. Modern food microbiology by J James13. Environmental microbiology by Rania Maier, Academic Press14. Advanced Waste water Treatment by R.K. Goel15. Fundamentals of Dairy Microbiology by Prajapati J.B16. Biotechnology by Trevan M.D.17. Biotechnology by Smith, Oxford18. International student edition: Microbiology- A laboratory Manual 4th edition. ByJames G. Chappuccino & Natalie Sherman19. Bacteriological Techniques By F.J. Baker20. Introduction to Microbial Techniques By Gunasekaran.21.Introductory Practical Biochemistry by S.K.Sowhney & Rundhir Singh22. Standard Methods for Examination of waste water L.S. Clesceri, A.E.G reenberg& A.D. Eaton APHA 1998.