Science of Science of Hadith-6Hadith-6

Types of Al-Hadith Ad-Da’eefTypes of Al-Hadith Ad-Da’eefالضعيف الحديث الضعيف أنواع الحديث أنواع

1) Types of Al-Hadith Ad-Da’eef due 1) Types of Al-Hadith Ad-Da’eef due to a gap in the sanad.to a gap in the sanad.

Al-Munqati’ Al-Munqati’ المنقطعالمنقطع Al-Mu’allaq Al-Mu’allaq المعّل�قالمعّل�ق Al-MursalAl-Mursal المرسلالمرسل Al-Mu’dal Al-Mu’dal المعضلالمعضل Al-Mudallas Al-Mudallas المدل�سالمدل�س Al-Mursal Alkhafee Al-Mursal Alkhafee الخفي الخفي المرسل المرسل

Al-Hadith Al-Munqati’Al-Hadith Al-Munqati’المنقطع المنقطع الحديث الحديث

In Arabic, it means disconnected or cut-off.In Arabic, it means disconnected or cut-off. Definition: Any Hadith whose isnaad is not Definition: Any Hadith whose isnaad is not

connected , however the disconnection connected , however the disconnection occurs. occurs.

Status of Al-Munqati’: All the scholars of Status of Al-Munqati’: All the scholars of Hadith agreed that Al-Hadith Al-Munqati’ is Hadith agreed that Al-Hadith Al-Munqati’ is da’eef, since the state of the missing da’eef, since the state of the missing narrator is unknown.narrator is unknown.

Al-Hadith Al-Mu’allaqAl-Hadith Al-Mu’allaqالمعّل=ق المعّل=ق الحديث الحديث

In Arabic, it means anything that is suspended or hanging.In Arabic, it means anything that is suspended or hanging. Definition: It is the hadith which has one narrator or more Definition: It is the hadith which has one narrator or more

deleted from the beginning of the Isnaad.deleted from the beginning of the Isnaad. It might include the hadith which has the whole isnaad It might include the hadith which has the whole isnaad

deleted like when Imam Bukharee said:” The prophet deleted like when Imam Bukharee said:” The prophet (pbuh) used to remember Allah(SWT) all the time.” (pbuh) used to remember Allah(SWT) all the time.”

Status of Al-Mu’allaq: It is rejected since it is missing the Status of Al-Mu’allaq: It is rejected since it is missing the condition of connection.condition of connection.

Al-Hadith Al-Mu’alla in Saheeh Al-bukharee:Al-Hadith Al-Mu’alla in Saheeh Al-bukharee: Stated in a definite form, like “he said”, then it is saheeh.Stated in a definite form, like “he said”, then it is saheeh. Quoted in a weak form, like “ It was said” . It can not be Quoted in a weak form, like “ It was said” . It can not be

considered saheeh until a connected isnaad can be found for that considered saheeh until a connected isnaad can be found for that particular hadeeth.particular hadeeth.

Al-Hadith Al-MursalAl-Hadith Al-Mursal

In Arabic, it means any thing which was In Arabic, it means any thing which was set free.set free.

Definition: It is the hadith which was Definition: It is the hadith which was referred to Rasullullah (pbuh) by a Tabi’ee referred to Rasullullah (pbuh) by a Tabi’ee or a sahabi who did not hear it from the or a sahabi who did not hear it from the prophet (pbuh).prophet (pbuh).

Example: when Saeed ibn Al-Musayib Example: when Saeed ibn Al-Musayib narrates that the Prophet (pbuh) said narrates that the Prophet (pbuh) said “such and such”.“such and such”.

Ruling of Al-Hadith Al-MursalRuling of Al-Hadith Al-Mursalالمرسل الحديث المرسل حكم الحديث حكم

Al-Hadith Al-Mursal is to be rejected, since Al-Hadith Al-Mursal is to be rejected, since it missed one of the conditions of it missed one of the conditions of Authenticity ( The connection of the Authenticity ( The connection of the isnaad) and we don’t know who is isnaad) and we don’t know who is missing. He may not be a companion and missing. He may not be a companion and he may be a weak narrator. However, he may be a weak narrator. However, some scholars have different opinions some scholars have different opinions regarding the ruling of Al-Mursal. There regarding the ruling of Al-Mursal. There three famous opinions:three famous opinions:

1) Al-Mursal is Da’eef: This is the position 1) Al-Mursal is Da’eef: This is the position of most of the scholars of Hadith and of most of the scholars of Hadith and many scholars of Fiqh.many scholars of Fiqh.

Al-Mursal -continuedAl-Mursal -continued

2) Accepted and used as a proof: This 2) Accepted and used as a proof: This is the position of Imam Abou Hanifah , is the position of Imam Abou Hanifah , Malik and a famous opinion of Imam Malik and a famous opinion of Imam Ahmed. This is based upon the fact Ahmed. This is based upon the fact that it would be impossible for a that it would be impossible for a Taabi’ee who is thiqah to report Taabi’ee who is thiqah to report something from the Prophet (pbuh) something from the Prophet (pbuh) which he did not hear from a reliable which he did not hear from a reliable source.source.

Al-Mursal - continuedAl-Mursal - continued

3) Accepted with some conditions: This 3) Accepted with some conditions: This is the position of Imam Shafi’ee and is the position of Imam Shafi’ee and some other scholars. The conditions some other scholars. The conditions are:are:

That the one who does irsaal is a senior Tabi’ee.That the one who does irsaal is a senior Tabi’ee. That the hadith is narrated by another mursal That the hadith is narrated by another mursal

chain.chain. That the hadith is supported by a fatwa from a That the hadith is supported by a fatwa from a

sahabi or fatawas from the majority of the sahabi or fatawas from the majority of the scholars or the text of the hadith goes with a good scholars or the text of the hadith goes with a good analogy (qiyaas).analogy (qiyaas).

Mursal of a SahabiMursal of a Sahabiالصحابي الصحابي مرسل مرسل

Mursal of a Sahabi is a hadith which a companion reported, Mursal of a Sahabi is a hadith which a companion reported, but he did not hear it directly from the prophet (pbuh). It but he did not hear it directly from the prophet (pbuh). It usually happens due to his young age, late reversion to usually happens due to his young age, late reversion to Islam or absence. Islam or absence.

Example: Saeed ibn Jubair narrated from ibn Abbas (May Example: Saeed ibn Jubair narrated from ibn Abbas (May Allah be pleased with him) , he said: that Abu Lahab said to Allah be pleased with him) , he said: that Abu Lahab said to the Prophet (pbuh) :May you perish. You gathered us only the Prophet (pbuh) :May you perish. You gathered us only for this reason? Then Abu Lahab went away. So surat for this reason? Then Abu Lahab went away. So surat Almasad “ Perish the hands of Abu Lahab” was revealed. Almasad “ Perish the hands of Abu Lahab” was revealed. (reported by Al-Bukhari and Muslim). This hadith is a Mursal (reported by Al-Bukhari and Muslim). This hadith is a Mursal of a Sahabi because Ibn Abbas was born before the Hijrah of a Sahabi because Ibn Abbas was born before the Hijrah by three years, but this incident happened after the Prophet by three years, but this incident happened after the Prophet (pbuh) was given the message by three years. So this (pbuh) was given the message by three years. So this incident took place 7 years before the birth of Ibn Abbas incident took place 7 years before the birth of Ibn Abbas (May Allah be pleased with him).(May Allah be pleased with him).

The status of Mursal As-The status of Mursal As-SahabiSahabi

It is saheeh and used as proof, since It is saheeh and used as proof, since the sahaba usually don’t narrate the sahaba usually don’t narrate from a taabi’ee, and if they do then from a taabi’ee, and if they do then they mention the source of their they mention the source of their hadith. If they don’t say anything, hadith. If they don’t say anything, then they will be narrating from then they will be narrating from another companion, and all of them another companion, and all of them are trustworthy and reliable.are trustworthy and reliable.