science y5

7/28/2019 Science y5

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SCIENCE - YEAR 5

INVESTIGATING LIVING THINGS

1. MICROORGANISMS

1.1 Microorganisms are living things, they are also known as microbes.

1. The following are some types of microorganisms.

2. All microorganisms breathe.


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3. Like all microorganisms, bread mould grows.

4. Some microorganisms move.

5. Microorganisms are very small. They cannot be seen with naked eye. We have to use amicroscope to see microoranisms. Magnifying glass can be used to observe certainmicroorganism such as yeast.


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Microscope Magnifying glass

1.2 Harmful and useful microorganisms

1. Many microorganisms are very harmful but some are useful to human. Useful microorganismsare used in the following processes.

2. Pathogens


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Microorganisms that caused diseases are called pathogens. Some ofthe diseases caused by pathogens are as shown below:


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3. Some ways to prevent diseases. Keeping ourselves and surroundingclean can prevent many disease caused by microorganism. .

2. SURVIVAL OF THE SPECIES


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2.1 Ways different animals ensure the survival of their species

Some animals looks after their eggs and young. Examples of such animalsare:


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Different plants have different ways to ensure the survival of their species

1. Plants have to disperse their seeds far away to avoid competition.

2. Plants depend on four agents to disperse their seeds. These agents are:

(a) Explosive mechanism

Example :

Rubber fruit Balsam fruit

- When the rubber or balsam fruits mature, they split open and theseeds are thrown

far away.

(b) Wind

Example :


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Shorea Lalang

- Shorea and lalang seeds are small and light.- They also have fine hair and wing-like structures to help them be

blown away.

(c) Water

Example :

- There are air spaces in the coconut and water lily to help the seeds

float in water.

(d) Animals

Example :


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Love grass Papaya

- The love grass has hooks that can cling on the fur of animals.- The papayas are fleshy and brightly coloured fruits which are eaten

by animals.

2.3 The importance of survival of the species

If plants become extinct:- there will be a shortage of food- other hervivorous species will become extinct, followed by carnivorousspecies

3. FOOD CHAINS AND FOOD WEBS

3.1 Food chains

1. A food chains

- shows how organisms depend on one another for food- shows the relatioship in one direction only- always starts with green plants called producers

2.


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(a) The paddy plant is the producer.(b) The grasshopper is the primary consumer.(c) The frog is the secondary consumer.(d) The eagle is the tertiary consumer.


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(a) The plant is the producer.(b) The deer is the primary consumer.(c) The fox is the secondary consumer.(d) The tiger is the tertiary consumer.

3. Herbivores are animals that eat plants and parts of plants.

Example :


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4. Carnivores are animals which eat other animals.

Example :

5. Ombivores are animals which eat both plants and other animals.

Example :

3.2 Food webs

1. An organism may be a part of more than one food chain.


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The koala eats only eucalyptus leaves.

The pangolin eats only ants.

5. These animals will die out and become extinct when their food source isnot available.

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science y5

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