Chong Boon Secondary Geography Department

Sec 1 GeographyUnit 4 Lesson 2

Water Supply: Locations facing water shortage.

Thinking questions

• Where is water stored globally?• What are countries that are facing

water shortages?

Lesson Objectives

• In this lesson, you will–The global distribution of water.

Distribution of water on earth.

• 71% of earth’s surface is covered with water.• Most of the earth’s water is salt water.• 2.8% of the earth’s water is fresh water.• 1% of the fresh water is surface water in rivers

and lakes.• The total amount of easily obtained fresh

water is very little!

Oceans

• All the world’s oceans are interconnected.• This is divided into 5 main oceans.1. Pacific Ocean2. Atlantic Ocean3. Indian Ocean4. Arctic Ocean5. Southern Ocean

Turn to Pg 133

Name : ( ) Perserverance 1/2/3 Date:

Groundwater

• Groundwater is water stored underground in soil and underlying rocks.

• Collected when rain infiltrates the ground.

• Wells allow us to access groundwater.

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=AJn5Y65GAkA

Groundwater sources

• Most groundwater is found in Africa and South America.

• South East Asia has a relatively large supply.• Surface fresh water is more commonly used as

it is easier to access. • Groundwater is commonly used for irrigation.– 38% of water for irrigation is groundwater.

Ice caps & glaciers

• Ice cap is a continuous mass of ice covering the top of mountains and elevated areas.• Glaciers are bodies of ice that

move down a slope due to gravity.

Ice Cap

Glacier

Rivers

• Large natural stream of fresh water• Flows along a definite course into another water

body.• Starts at the source (upper stream)• Ends at the mouth (into a water body)• Tributaries are smaller rivers that feed the main

river.• Distributaries are smaller rivers that discharge

water from the main river.

Let’s try a simple exercise

• Turn to Pg 137 of your textbook.

Lakes

• A body of water occupying a hollow in the earth’s surface.

• The largest freshwater lakes by surface area are the Great Lakes of North America.

• Pg 138

Great Lakes of North America

Summary

Are you now able to

• The distribution of water?

Let’s do a summary exercise