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Section 3Basic

Terms

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Network it means two or more computers communicate with each other to exchange information

Two types of networks:

1.WAN (Wide Area Network)2.LAN ( local Area Network)

LAN NetworkThis type of network is typically small in terms of the area it covers. most common LAN topologies are bus, ring and star. Traditionally LAN have data rates in the 4 to 16 Mbps. Today Speed

can reach to 100Mbps or 1000MBps(1G).

WAN Networklarger geographical area than do LANs , can be used to connect multiple LANs that are dispersed over a wide area

)country or whole world( e.g. (internet)

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Modemit is a hardware device that transmit data between two or more computers it convert digital signals to analog and vice versa.Modem comes from:Modulator: outgoing signals (digital to

analog)Demodulator: incoming signals (analog to

digital)

Client and server Client: that a machine which

initiates the request for information exchange.

Server: that responds to client's request.

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The Internetis a large global network, connecting smaller networks

worldwide

WWW (world wide web )

is a gain collection of websites and web pages that may be connected to other webpages and sites of hyperlinks.

URL Uniform Resource Locator Has two parts• Protocol • Domain name

Top-level domain identifies the type of organization

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URL (Uniform Resource Locator) Web Addresses

http://www.microsoft.com/learning/default.asp

Element Description

http:// Indicates the protocol to be used to access a file.

www Indicates that the Web site is on the World Wide Web.

microsoft Indicates the name of the Web site.

.com Indicates the type of domain.

/learning/default.asp

Indicates the path of the document.

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HTML Hypertext Markup LanguageThis is language that specifies the content on a web page

Hyperlink That is typically refer to the location on a file, other web page, or web site.Many Hyperlinks are (underline and have a blue font color)www.google.comHyperlink can appear as text, images, buttons or specific regions on the web page

FTP File Transfer ProtocolIt is a Protocol used to help manage the transport and manipulation of files between remote location

HTTP Hypertext Transfer ProtocolProtocol that applications like web browsers use to help manage the communication of web sites and web page data over networks.

Common Terms used in the Internet

RSS Rich Site SummeryIs a format frequently and consistently changing content like news, updates and blogs.

blog personal website or web page on which an individual records opinions, links etc. on a regular basis.

cookie

Is a small amount of text information that can be automatically downloaded from a server into a user's computer .It can contain information about user's interactions with the web site.

Cache

Is a storage area on your computer's hard disk where elements from web page (like image and graphics) can be stored.That is helps your browser display the webpage faster.

ISP Internet Service ProviderCompany or organization that provides internet access to other organizations or end user

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Web browserIs a software application that is built for viewing and interacting with page.

Common Web Browsers:

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Search engineIs a program that allows you to

enter specific words or terms and then search for web pages and web sites that have content matches the word or term that you specified.

Like Google , Yahoo and Ask.com

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What is Email?Electronic mail (Email): it is used to Send and receive messages over the internet

To receive emails, you will need an email account and an email addressNorah.ahmad@hotmail.com

User name Domain NameEmail provider

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Webmail Providers

How does Email Work?

Email travels via the Internet from one computer to another.

Computers known as mail servers direct outgoing mail and store incoming the mail.

Once email reaches your mail server, it waits in an electronic mail box, the "Inbox” for you to collect it.

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Things You Can Do with Email

Compose and Send: write an email and send it to others.

Reply: reply to an email that you received.

Forward: pass on an email that you received to others.

Attachment: You can send files with your email such as:◦pictures, music, software and documents

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Two Ways People Access Email

1. Web-Based Email Login to a web site Messages stay on the mail server Can be accessed from any computer with internet

connection2. Using Email Software Open and login to your email software application

(e.g. Outlook) The application retrieves your messages from the

mail server and saves them to your computer’s hard drive

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How to Sign Up for a Gmail Email Account

1. Go to www.gmail.com

2. Click on “Sign Up for Gmail”

3. Fill in the Registration Form

To access Gmail accounts:

1. Go to www.gmail.com

2. Type in your username and password

3. Click on the ‘sign in’button

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Signing In

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Check Email

• Log in

• Check Inbox

Yahoo.com

• Log in

• Check Inbox

Google.com

To: Type full email address of your class

partner

Subject: Type a title for your message

Message: Type your message in this

box

Send: Used to send emails

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Composing an Email

Types of Responses:

ReplyReply allForward

Forward all

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Draft Emails & Saving for Later Drafts: When creating an e-mail the computer will

automatically save your work periodically.

If for any reason you should be interrupted (i.e. lapse in internet connection) you can retrieve your latest work what is called the DRAFT BOX.

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Type of Folders

InboxDrafts

Sent messagesJunk

Trash

InboxImportantSent messagesDraft

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Logging Out Always Remember to Sign Out!

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Instant messaging:it provides direct, live communication

between two or more people Email is like a virtual mailbox that you

use to send and receive letters. Instant Messaging is similar to having a conversation with someone who is standing right in front of you.

Instant messaging occurs in real time and both parties must be online at the same tame

E.g. : messenger.

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E-commerceEcommerce (electronic commerce) :

internet market place it is used to describe the purchase , sale ,distribution and advertising of products over the internet .

E.g. : Electronic money transfers Automated supply and inventory systems Online banking

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E-commerce AdvantageSmall business can reach a global

market Availability 24/7Improve customer service Less costChipper price

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E-commerce Disadvantage:Security and privacy issues Not get chance to touch and feel

the productsDifficult for returning

unsatisfactory items.Shipping fees required (may be

more costly than item itself)