section 8 epithelial tumor. 1. benign epithelial tumors (1) papilloma origin: coverage epithelium...
TRANSCRIPT
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Section 8 Epithelial Tumor
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1. Benign epithelial tumors
(1) Papilloma
Origin: coverage epithelium
Shape: finger-like projections into the lumen or on the surface of skin
Site: commonly in skin or bladder.
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Papilloma
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(2) Adenoma
Origin: adenocytes
Type① Typical adenoma
② Cystadenoma: having single or multiple cysts containing watery secretion. Commonly in ovary
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Cystadenoma
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③ Fibroademoma: both adenocytes and fibrous are parenchymal compositions. commonly in breast
④ Plesmorphic adenoma: having gland, mucoid, and cartilage-like tissues. Commonly in salivary gland.
⑤ Polypous adenoma: single or multiple. commonly in gastrointestinal track.
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乳腺纤维腺瘤
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息肉状腺瘤( 黄尚文教授提供 )
Polypous adenoma
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2. Malignant epithehal tumors
(1) Squamous cell carcinoma
Origin: squamous cell
Morphology: grossly: cauliflower-like, polyp, mushroom-like, ulceration.
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Histological: Well-differentiated type are similar
to normal squamous epithelial cells, with intercellular bridges and nets of keratin pearls (carcinoma pearls).
But poor-differentiated type are pleomorphism, no intercellular bridges and keratin pearls.
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Squamous cell carcinoma
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(2) Basal cell carcinoma
Origin: basal cells of skin
Features: locally invasive growth, almost never metastasis commonly in face of oldster.
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Basal cell carcinoma
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(3) Transitional cell carcinoma
Origin: transitional cells
Features: exoteric, finger-like, commonly in bladder, renal pelvis.
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膀胱移行细胞乳头状癌 100倍
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(4) Adenocarcinoma
Origin: adenocytes large quantities of type:
① Typical adenocarcinoma
② Mucoid carcinoma or colloid Signet-ring cell and carcinoma mucin
③ Solid carcinoma or carcinoma simplex Poor differentiation adenoma
carcinoma, and the tumor cells arrange in solid columns, or masses.
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Adenocarcinoma
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Signet-ring cell carcinoma
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carcinoma simplex
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Type:
a. Sclerous carcinoma: dense stroma
b. Medullary carcinoma encephaloid carcinoma:
Little stroma, and large masses of tumor cells.
c. Carcinoma simplex: Poor differentiation adenocarcinoma with
equal quantities of tumor cells and stroma.
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3. Premalignant diseases dysplasia, and carcinoma in situ.
(1) Premalignant diseases
Definition: the benign diseases acquired the character of developing potentially into malignancy.
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Dysplasia and carcinoma in situ (right) (Quoted from Robbins 《 Pathology Basis of disease 》 )
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Grade 1: above changes are just limited in low 1/3 layer.
Grade 2: Above change are limited between in 1/3-2/3.
Grade 3: above changes breakthrough 3/2 layers
If above changes occupy whole layer, it is considered as carcinoma in situ.
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Kinds:① Leucoplakia② Chronic cervicitis with cervical erosion③ Fibrocystic disease of breast④ Familial adenomatous polyps of the
colon⑤ Chronic atrophic gastritis and chronic
peptic ulcer of stomach.⑥ Chronic ulcer of skin⑦ Others: pigmented nevus, hidden
testis, goiter, liver cirrhosis
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女阴粘膜白斑 (Prof. Orr 提供 )
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(2) Carcinoma in situ
Definition: carcinoma in situ denotes carcinomatous changes just limited in the epithelium without evidence of invasion, not breakthrough basement membrane.
Carcinoma in situ is the earliest stage of carcinoma.
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carcinoma in situ
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(3) Dysplasia
Definition: a disturbance of growth which is usually considered to be premalignant.
Features: The changes are made up of pleomorphism of the cells, loss of polarity of the cells, hyperchromatic nucle, increastd mitosis, but no invasion.