section title page - in.gov · 2017-05-16 · section title page xiv (b) cri formal proposal...

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SECTION 100 – GENERAL PROVISIONS

SECTION 101 – DEFINITIONS AND TERMS ........................................................ 1 101.01 Abbreviations ........................................................................................... 1 101.02 Above Normal Inclement Weather Days ................................................. 3 101.03 Blank ........................................................................................................ 4 101.04 Bid Bond .................................................................................................. 4 101.05 Bidder ...................................................................................................... 4 101.06 Bridge ...................................................................................................... 4

(a) Length ...................................................................................................... 4 (b) Roadway Width ....................................................................................... 4

101.07 Business Day ........................................................................................... 4 101.08 Calendar Day ........................................................................................... 4 101.09 Change Order ........................................................................................... 4 101.10 Construction Limits ................................................................................. 5 101.11 Contract ................................................................................................... 5 101.12 Contract Information Book ...................................................................... 5 101.13 Contract Item (Pay Item) ......................................................................... 5 101.14 Contract Time .......................................................................................... 5 101.15 Contractor ................................................................................................ 5 101.16 Culvert ..................................................................................................... 5 101.17 Commissioner .......................................................................................... 5 101.18 Department .............................................................................................. 6 101.19 Embankment Foundation ......................................................................... 6 101.20 Engineer ................................................................................................... 6 101.21 Equipment ................................................................................................ 6 101.22 Extra Work .............................................................................................. 6 101.23 Failed Material ......................................................................................... 6 101.24 Force Account Work ................................................................................ 6 101.25 Frequency Manual ................................................................................... 6 101.26 Holidays ................................................................................................... 6 101.27 Invitation for Bids .................................................................................... 7 101.28 Itemized Proposal .................................................................................... 7 101.29 Laboratory ............................................................................................... 7 101.30 Major and Minor Contract Items ............................................................. 7 101.31 Materials .................................................................................................. 7 101.32 Notice to Proceed ..................................................................................... 7 101.33 Open to Unrestricted Traffic .................................................................... 8 101.34 Pavement Structure .................................................................................. 8 101.35 Performance Bond ................................................................................... 8 101.36 Plans ........................................................................................................ 8 101.37 Professional Engineer .............................................................................. 8 101.38 Profile Grade ............................................................................................ 8 101.39 Project ...................................................................................................... 8

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101.40 Proposal ................................................................................................... 8 101.41 Proposal Book .......................................................................................... 8 101.42 Quality Assurances Adjustments ............................................................. 8 101.43 Reasonably Close Conformance .............................................................. 9 101.44 Right-of-Way ........................................................................................... 9 101.45 Road ......................................................................................................... 9 101.46 Roadbed ................................................................................................... 9 101.47 Roadside .................................................................................................. 9 101.48 Roadside Development ............................................................................ 9 101.49 Roadway .................................................................................................. 9 101.50 Schedule of Pay Items ........................................................................... 10 101.51 Shoulder ................................................................................................. 10 101.52 Sidewalk ................................................................................................ 10 101.53 Special Provisions .................................................................................. 10 101.54 Specifications ......................................................................................... 10 101.55 Specified Completion Date .................................................................... 10 101.56 State ....................................................................................................... 10 101.57 Street ...................................................................................................... 10 101.58 Structures ............................................................................................... 10 101.59 Substantial Completion .......................................................................... 10 101.60 Blank ...................................................................................................... 11 101.61 Subcontractor ......................................................................................... 11 101.62 Subgrade ................................................................................................ 11 101.63 Substructure ........................................................................................... 11 101.64 Superintendent ....................................................................................... 11 101.65 Superstructure ........................................................................................ 11 101.66 Supplemental Specifications .................................................................. 11 101.67 Surety ..................................................................................................... 11 101.68 Technician or Inspector ......................................................................... 11 101.69 Titles (Headings) ................................................................................... 11 101.70 Township, Town, City ........................................................................... 11 101.71 Traveled Way ........................................................................................ 12 101.72 Work ...................................................................................................... 12 101.73 Work Day .............................................................................................. 12 101.74 Working Drawings................................................................................. 12

SECTION 102 – BIDDING REQUIREMENTS AND CONDITIONS ................... 12 102.01 Prequalification and Bidding ................................................................. 12 102.02 Certification Regarding Lobbying for Contracts, Grants,

Loans, and Cooperative Agreements ..................................................... 12

SECTION 103 – AWARD AND EXECUTION OF CONTRACT .......................... 13 103.01 Disadvantaged Business Enterprise Program ........................................ 13

(a) General Requirements ............................................................................ 13 (b) Definitions ............................................................................................. 13

1. DBE ................................................................................................. 14

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2. Small Business Concern .................................................................. 14 3. Socially and Economically Disadvantaged Individuals ................... 14 4. Certified DBE .................................................................................. 14

(c) Goal ........................................................................................................ 14 1. DBE Joint Venture Type A .............................................................. 17 2. DBE Joint Venture Type B .............................................................. 17

(d) Affirmative Actions ............................................................................... 17 (e) Determination of Good Faith Efforts ..................................................... 17

1. Good Faith Efforts Prior to Award .................................................. 18 2. Good Faith Efforts for Extra Work .................................................. 21

(f) Affirmative Action Certification ............................................................ 21 (g) Subcontracts ........................................................................................... 22 (h) Leases and Rentals ................................................................................. 22 (i) Records and Reports ............................................................................... 23

103.02 Specific Equal Employment Opportunity Responsibilities .................... 24 103.02.1 Record Keeping .................................................................................. 24 103.03 Blank ...................................................................................................... 25 103.04 Insurance ................................................................................................ 25

(a) Worker’s Compensation and Employer’s Liability ................................ 25 (b) Commercial General Liability ............................................................... 26 (c) Business Automobile Liability ............................................................... 26 (d) Railroad’s Protective Liability ............................................................... 26 (e) Owner’s and Contractor’s Protective Liability Insurance

Coverage for Operations of Designated Contractor ............................... 26 (f) Basis of Payment .................................................................................... 27

103.05 Waiver of Damages ............................................................................... 27 103.06 Wage and Labor Requirements .............................................................. 28

(a) Non-discrimination of Employees ......................................................... 28 (b) Affidavits and Payrolls .......................................................................... 28 (c) Wage Stipulations .................................................................................. 29

1. General Decision Included in Contract Information Book ................................................................................................ 29 2. General Decision Not Included in Contract Information Book ................................................................................................ 29

103.07 Accident Prevention and Safety ............................................................. 29

SECTION 104 – SCOPE OF WORK ....................................................................... 29 104.01 Intent of Contract ................................................................................... 29 104.02 Changed Conditions............................................................................... 30

(a) Differing Site Conditions ....................................................................... 31 (b) Suspensions of Work Ordered by the Engineer ..................................... 31 (c) Significant Changes in the Character of Work ....................................... 32 (d) Pre-established Remedies to Changed Conditions ................................. 32

1. Acceleration ..................................................................................... 34 2. Inefficiencies ................................................................................... 34

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3. Unrecoverable Costs ........................................................................ 34 4. Unacceptable Cost Calculation Methods ......................................... 34

104.03 Extra Work ............................................................................................ 35 104.04 Maintenance of Traffic .......................................................................... 35

(a) Special Detours ...................................................................................... 36 (b) Maintenance Directed by the Engineer .................................................. 36 (c) Blank ...................................................................................................... 36 (d) Traffic Control for Patching on a Two-Lane Roadway ......................... 36

104.05 Removal and Disposal of Structures and Obstructions .......................... 37 104.06 Removal and Disposal of Regulated Materials ...................................... 37

(a) For Such Materials which are Identified in the Proposal Book as Being Present on the Project Site ............................................. 38

(b) For Such Materials which are not Identified in the Proposal Book as Being Present on the Project Site ............................................. 39

104.07 Rights in and Use of Materials Found in the Project Site ...................... 41 104.08 Final Clean-Up ...................................................................................... 41

SECTION 105 – CONTROL OF WORK................................................................. 42 105.01 Authority of the Engineer ...................................................................... 42 105.02 Plans and Working Drawings ................................................................ 42 105.03 Conformance with Plans and Specifications .......................................... 43 105.04 Coordination of Plans, Standard Specifications,

Supplemental Specifications, and Special Provisions............................ 44 105.05 Cooperation by Contractor .................................................................... 45 105.06 Cooperation with Utilities ...................................................................... 45 105.07 Cooperation Between Contractors ......................................................... 46 105.08 Construction Stakes, Lines, and Grades ................................................ 46

(a) Construction Engineering by the State ................................................... 46 (b) Construction Engineering by the Contractor .......................................... 47 (c) Production Staking by the Contractor .................................................... 50

105.09 Duties of Technician and Inspector ....................................................... 51 105.10 Inspection of Work ................................................................................ 52 105.11 Removal of Unacceptable and Unauthorized Work .............................. 52 105.12 Load Restrictions ................................................................................... 53 105.13 Maintenance During Construction ......................................................... 53 105.14 Failure to Maintain Roadway, Structures, Barricades, and

Construction Signs ................................................................................. 54 105.15 Acceptance and Final Inspection ........................................................... 54

(a) Partial Acceptance .................................................................................. 54 (b) Final Acceptance.................................................................................... 54

105.16 Notice of Changed Conditions and Claims ............................................ 55 (a) Contractual Notice of a Changed Condition .......................................... 55 (b) Claims .................................................................................................... 56

1. Required Documentation ................................................................. 56 2. Auditing of Claims .......................................................................... 57

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(c) Claim Resolution Process ...................................................................... 57 1. Project Level Review ....................................................................... 57 2. District Office Review ..................................................................... 58 3. Central Office Review ..................................................................... 59

SECTION 106 – CONTROL OF MATERIAL ........................................................ 60 106.01 Source of Supply and Quality Requirements ......................................... 60

(a) Approved or Prequalified Materials ....................................................... 60 (b) Material Records .................................................................................... 61

1. Documentation of Material Delivery ............................................... 61 2. Delivery Ticket Information ............................................................ 61 3. Payment Procedures ......................................................................... 62

(c) Buy America Requirement ..................................................................... 62 106.02 Samples, Tests, Cited Specifications ..................................................... 62 106.03 Plant Inspection ..................................................................................... 63 106.04 Blank ...................................................................................................... 64 106.05 Storage of Materials ............................................................................... 64 106.06 Handling of Materials ............................................................................ 64 106.07 Unacceptable Materials ......................................................................... 64 106.08 Hazard Communication Program .......................................................... 64 106.09 Department Furnished Materials ........................................................... 65 106.10 Proportioning Materials ......................................................................... 65 106.11 Sample Asbestos Exclusion Letter ........................................................ 65

SECTION 107 – LEGAL RELATIONS AND RESPONSIBILITY TO PUBLIC ... 65 107.01 Laws to be Observed ............................................................................. 65 107.02 Permits, Licenses, and Taxes ................................................................. 67 107.03 Patented Devices, Materials, and Processes .......................................... 68 107.04 Restoration of Surfaces Opened by Permit ............................................ 68 107.05 Federal Aid Provisions .......................................................................... 68 107.06 Equal Employment Opportunity Trainees ............................................. 68 107.07 Sanitary Conditions Requirements ........................................................ 70 107.08 Public Convenience and Safety ............................................................. 71

(a) Worker Safety ........................................................................................ 71 (b) Dust and Air Pollution ........................................................................... 71 (c) Protection to Traffic ............................................................................... 71 (d) Notice to Local Public Officials ............................................................ 72 (e) Convenience to Traffic and Property Owners ........................................ 72

107.09 Railroad-Highway Requirements .......................................................... 73 (a) Protection of Track Ballast ..................................................................... 73 (b) Hold Harmless Clause ........................................................................... 74

107.10 Archaeological Artifacts ........................................................................ 74 107.11 Bridges over Navigable Waters ............................................................. 74 107.12 Traffic Control Devices ......................................................................... 74 107.13 Use of Explosives .................................................................................. 76 107.14 Protection and Restoration of Property and Landscape ......................... 76

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107.15 Erosion Control Plan and Proof of Publication ...................................... 77 107.16 Forest Protection .................................................................................... 77 107.17 Responsibility for Damage Claims ........................................................ 78 107.18 Opening Sections of Project to Traffic .................................................. 79 107.19 Contractor’s Responsibility for Work .................................................... 79 107.20 Contractor’s Responsibility for Utility Property and

Services ................................................................................................. 80 107.21 Furnishing Right-of-Way ....................................................................... 81 107.22 Personal Liability of Public Officials .................................................... 81 107.23 Waiver of Legal Rights .......................................................................... 81 107.24 Governing Law ...................................................................................... 82 107.25 Severability ............................................................................................ 82

SECTION 108 – PROSECUTION AND PROGRESS ............................................ 82 108.01 Subletting of Contract ............................................................................ 82 108.02 Release of Retainage to Subcontractors ................................................. 83 108.03 Notice to Proceed ................................................................................... 83 108.04 Prosecution of the Work ........................................................................ 83 108.05 Pre-phase Site Construction Meetings ................................................... 87 108.06 Limitation of Operations ........................................................................ 88 108.07 Character of Workers, Methods, and Equipment ................................... 88 108.08 Determination and Extension of Contract Time .................................... 89

(a) Excusable, Non-Compensable Delays ................................................... 94 (b) Excusable, Compensable Delays ........................................................... 94 (c) Non-Excusable Delays ........................................................................... 95 (d) Concurrent Delays ................................................................................. 95

108.09 Failure to Complete on Time ................................................................. 95 108.10 Default and Termination of Contract ..................................................... 96 108.11 Termination of Contractor’s Responsibility .......................................... 98 108.12 Contract Documentation ........................................................................ 99

SECTION 109 – MEASUREMENT AND PAYMENT .......................................... 99 109.01 Measurement of Quantities .................................................................... 99

(a) General Requirements ............................................................................ 99 (b) Scales and Measurement by Weight (Mass) ........................................ 100 (c) Measurement by Volume ..................................................................... 102 (d) Measurement of Asphalt Materials ...................................................... 102 (e) Measurement of PCC ........................................................................... 103 (f) Measurement of Aggregates ................................................................. 103 (g) Measurement of Timber or Lumber ..................................................... 104 (h) Rental of Equipment ............................................................................ 104 (i) Manufactured Materials ........................................................................ 104

109.02 Scope of Payment .................................................................................104 109.03 Compensation for Altered Quantities ...................................................105 109.04 Cost Reduction Incentive, CRI .............................................................106

(a) CRI Initial Requirements ..................................................................... 106

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(b) CRI Formal Proposal Requirements .................................................... 107 (c) Approval of Formal CRI Proposal ....................................................... 109 (d) Payment for Design of Formal Proposal, if Rejected........................... 110 (e) Other Conditions .................................................................................. 110 (f) Time Savings Proposals ....................................................................... 111 (g) Adjustments to Contract Time ............................................................. 111 (h) Method of Measurement ...................................................................... 111 (i) Basis of Payment .................................................................................. 112

109.05 Payment for Extra Work .......................................................................113 (a) Agreed Price ......................................................................................... 113 (b) Force Account ...................................................................................... 113

1. Labor Costs .....................................................................................113 2. Bond and Insurance ........................................................................114 3. Materials .........................................................................................114 4. Equipment .......................................................................................114 5. Miscellaneous .................................................................................115 6. Subcontracting ................................................................................115 7. Compensation .................................................................................115 8. Statements .......................................................................................115

109.05.1 Quality Adjustments ..........................................................................116 (a) HMA .................................................................................................... 116 (b) PCCP ................................................................................................... 116 (c) Temporary Traffic Control Devices, TTCD ......................................... 116 (d) Failed Materials, FM ............................................................................ 117 (e) Pavement Traffic Markings, PTM ....................................................... 117 (f) Erosion and Sediment Control, E&SC ................................................. 117

109.05.2 Delay Costs ........................................................................................117 (a) Allowable Delay Costs ......................................................................... 117

1. Labor ...............................................................................................117 2. Insurance .........................................................................................118 3. Equipment .......................................................................................118 4. Field Office Costs ...........................................................................118 5. Escalation Costs ..............................................................................118

(b) Blank .................................................................................................... 119 109.06 Eliminated Pay Items ............................................................................119 109.07 Partial Payments ...................................................................................119 109.08 Final Payment .......................................................................................120

SECTION 110 – MOBILIZATION AND DEMOBILIZATION ............................120 110.01 Description ............................................................................................120 110.02 Limitations ............................................................................................121 110.03 Method of Measurement .......................................................................121 110.04 Basis of Payment ..................................................................................121

SECTION 111 – STOCKPILED MATERIALS .....................................................121 111.01 Description ............................................................................................121

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111.02 General Requirements ..........................................................................121 111.03 Structural Steel and Concrete Structural Members ...............................122

(a) Delivered to the Job Site ...................................................................... 122 (b) Acceptably Stored at the Fabricator’s or Manufacturer’s

Storage Facilities .................................................................................. 122 111.04 Dowel Bar Assemblies .........................................................................122 111.05 Granular Base, Subbase Materials, and Aggregates for

HMA and Concrete Pavements ............................................................122 111.06 Bridge Expansion Joints .......................................................................123

(a) Type SS ................................................................................................ 123 (b) Type M................................................................................................. 123

111.07 Structural Supports for Signals, Signs, and Luminaires .......................123 111.08 Precast Concrete Median Barrier ..........................................................123 111.09 Concrete Face Panels and Ground Reinforcement for MSE

Walls .....................................................................................................123 111.10 Additional Requirements ......................................................................124 111.11 Method of Measurement .......................................................................124 111.12 Basis of Payment ..................................................................................124

SECTION 112 – BLANK ........................................................................................125

SECTION 113 – PARTNERING OVERHEAD .....................................................125 113.01 Description ............................................................................................125 113.02 Requirements ........................................................................................125

(a) Meeting Room ..................................................................................... 125 (b) Meeting Length .................................................................................... 126 (c) Facilitator ............................................................................................. 126

113.03 Method of Measurement .......................................................................126 113.04 Basis of Payment ..................................................................................126

SECTION 200 – EARTHWORK

SECTION 201 – CLEARING AND GRUBBING ..................................................127 201.01 Description ............................................................................................127 201.02 General .................................................................................................127 201.03 Clearing and Grubbing .........................................................................127 201.04 Scalping ................................................................................................128 201.05 Hedge Removal ....................................................................................128 201.06 Method of Measurement .......................................................................128

(a) Area Basis ............................................................................................ 128 (b) Lump Sum Basis .................................................................................. 128 (c) Individual Unit Basis ........................................................................... 128

201.07 Basis of Payment ..................................................................................129 (a) Area Basis ............................................................................................ 129 (b) Lump Sum Basis .................................................................................. 129 (c) Individual Unit Basis ........................................................................... 129

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(d) Clearing Right-of-Way ........................................................................ 130 (e) Exclusions ............................................................................................ 130

SECTION 202 – REMOVAL OF STRUCTURES AND OBSTRUCTIONS .........130 202.01 Description ............................................................................................130 202.02 General Requirements ..........................................................................130

(a) Type Y Waste ...................................................................................... 132 (b) Type Z Waste ....................................................................................... 132

202.03 Removal of Bridges, Culverts, and Other Drainage Structures ..............................................................................................132

(a) Complete .............................................................................................. 132 (b) Portions ................................................................................................ 133 (c) Disposal of Concrete ............................................................................ 134

202.04 Removal of Pipe and Tile Drains ..........................................................134 202.05 Removal of PCCP, Sidewalks, Curbs, RCBA, and

Reinforced Concrete Moment Slabs .....................................................135 202.06 Removal of Houses and Buildings ........................................................135 202.07 Inspection and Removal of Asbestos ....................................................136 202.08 Removal of Underground Storage Tanks Containing

Petroleum Products or Other Hazardous Chemicals .............................136 (a) Type A Waste ...................................................................................... 139 (b) Type B Waste ...................................................................................... 139 (c) Type C Waste ....................................................................................... 139

202.09 Remediation of Contaminated Soil and Groundwater ..........................139 202.10 Remediation of Other Regulated Materials ..........................................140 202.11 Transportation and Disposal of Regulated Materials ............................140 202.12 Blank .....................................................................................................141 202.13 Method of Measurement .......................................................................141 202.14 Basis of Payment ..................................................................................141

SECTION 203 – EXCAVATION AND EMBANKMENT ....................................146 203.01 Description ............................................................................................146 203.02 Common Excavation ............................................................................147 203.03 Rock Excavation ...................................................................................147 203.04 Unclassified Excavation .......................................................................147 203.05 Peat Excavation ....................................................................................147 203.06 Waterway Excavation ...........................................................................147 203.07 Class Y Excavation ...............................................................................147 203.08 Borrow or Disposal ...............................................................................148

(a) Borrow and Disposal Site Requirements ............................................. 148 1. Solid Waste Site ..............................................................................148 2. Established Site ...............................................................................149 3. General Site ....................................................................................150

(b) Additional Requirements ..................................................................... 151 203.08.1 Linear Grading ...................................................................................153 203.09 General Requirements ..........................................................................153

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203.10 Disposal of Excavated Material Except Waterway and Peat Excavation ............................................................................................156

203.11 Disposal of Waterway Excavation ........................................................156 203.12 Disposal of Peat ....................................................................................156 203.13 Slides ....................................................................................................156 203.14 Drainage................................................................................................157 203.15 Excavating Rock ...................................................................................158 203.16 Peat Deposit Treatment .........................................................................160

(a) Treatment of Existing Fills ................................................................... 160 (b) Treatment by Removal ......................................................................... 161 (c) Treatment by Displacement ................................................................. 161

203.17 Cased Test Holes ..................................................................................162 203.18 Embankment Construction ...................................................................163 203.19 Embankment Over and Around Structures ...........................................163 203.20 Rock and Shale Embankment ...............................................................164

(a) Rock Embankment ............................................................................... 164 (b) Shale, Shale and Soft Rock Mixtures, or Soft Rock ............................ 165 (c) Shale and Thinly Layered Limestone ................................................... 166

203.21 Embankment on Hillsides or Slopes .....................................................166 203.22 Embankment Over Existing Roadbeds .................................................166 203.23 Embankment other than Rock, with Strength or Density

Control ..................................................................................................168 203.24 Method of Making Strength, Stiffness and Density Tests ....................169

(a) Laboratory ............................................................................................ 170 (b) Field ..................................................................................................... 170

203.25 Embankment Without Stiffness Control ...............................................172 203.26 Proofrolling ...........................................................................................172 203.27 Method of Measurement .......................................................................172

(a) Contract Quantity ................................................................................. 172 (b) Measured Quantities ............................................................................ 173 (c) Measurement on a Linear Basis ........................................................... 174 (d) Measurement of Excavation Items on a Weight Basis ......................... 174 (e) Measurement of Embankments ............................................................ 174 (f) Measurement of Borrow ....................................................................... 174 (g) Measurement of Embankment Foundation Soils Treatment ................ 175 (h) Measurement of Water for Shale, Shale and Soft Rock

Mixtures, or Soft Rock ......................................................................... 175 (i) Lump Sum ............................................................................................ 175 (j) Measurement of Exploratory Cores ...................................................... 175

203.28 Basis of Payment ..................................................................................175

SECTION 204 – GEOTECHNICAL INSTRUMENTATION ................................179 204.01 Description ............................................................................................179 204.02 Materials ...............................................................................................179 204.03 Settlement Plates ...................................................................................180

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(a) Installation Requirements..................................................................... 180 (b) Instrument Readings and Settlement Period ........................................ 180

204.04 Standpipe Piezometers ..........................................................................181 (a) Installation Requirements..................................................................... 181 (b) Readings and Maintenance of Piezometer ........................................... 183


SECTION 205 – TEMPORARY EROSION AND SEDIMENT CONTROL ........184 205.01 Description ............................................................................................184 205.02 Materials ...............................................................................................184 205.03 General Requirements ..........................................................................185 205.04 Temporary Surface Stabilization ..........................................................186

(a) Seed ...................................................................................................... 186 1. Spring Mix ......................................................................................186 2. Fall Mix ..........................................................................................186

(b) Mulch ................................................................................................... 186 1. Type A ............................................................................................187 2. Type B ............................................................................................187 3. Type C ............................................................................................187

(c) Manufactured Surface Protection Products .......................................... 188 1. Excelsior Blanket ............................................................................188 2. Straw Blanket .................................................................................188 3. Rolled Erosion Control Products ....................................................188 4. Geotextile ........................................................................................189

205.05 Concentrated Flow Protection ..............................................................189 (a) Check Dam ........................................................................................... 189 (b) Check Dam, Traversable ...................................................................... 189 (c) Diversion Interceptors .......................................................................... 189 (d) Sediment Traps .................................................................................... 190 (e) Sediment Basins ................................................................................... 190 (f) Slope Drains ......................................................................................... 190 (g) Vegetative Filter Strips ........................................................................ 190 (h) Splashpads ........................................................................................... 190 (i) Inlet Protection ..................................................................................... 190 (j) Retention Ponds .................................................................................... 190

205.06 Perimeter Protection .............................................................................191 (a) Silt Fence ............................................................................................. 191 (b) Filter Berm ........................................................................................... 191

205.07 Maintenance ..........................................................................................191 (a) Silt Fence ............................................................................................. 191 (b) Sediment Basin .................................................................................... 191 (c) Filter Berm ........................................................................................... 191 (d) Inlet Protection ..................................................................................... 192 (e) Sediment Traps .................................................................................... 192

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(f) Concrete Washout ................................................................................ 192 (g) Check Dams ......................................................................................... 192

205.08 Quality Adjustments .............................................................................192 205.09 Removal ................................................................................................193 205.10 Method of Measurement .......................................................................193 205.11 Basis of Payment ..................................................................................194

SECTION 206 – STRUCTURE EXCAVATION ...................................................195 206.01 Description ............................................................................................195 206.02 Class X Excavation ...............................................................................196

(a) General Excavation .............................................................................. 196 (b) Excavation for Foundation of Traffic Support Structures .................... 196

206.03 Wet Excavation .....................................................................................197 206.04 Dry Excavation .....................................................................................197 206.05 Foundation Excavation, Unclassified ...................................................197 206.06 General Requirements ..........................................................................197 206.07 Disposal of Excavated Material ............................................................198 206.08 Preparation of Foundation Surfaces ......................................................198 206.09 Cofferdams and Temporary Construction Dikes ..................................199 206.10 Method of Measurement .......................................................................200 206.11 Basis of Payment ..................................................................................201

(a) Culverts ................................................................................................ 204 (b) Bridges ................................................................................................. 204 (c) Traffic Structure Supports .................................................................... 206

SECTION 207 – SUBGRADE ................................................................................206 207.01 Description ............................................................................................206 207.02 Materials ...............................................................................................206 207.03 General Requirements ..........................................................................206 207.04 Subgrade Treatments ............................................................................208 207.05 Method of Measurement .......................................................................209 207.06 Basis of Payment ..................................................................................209

SECTION 208 – FINISHING SHOULDERS, DITCHES, AND SLOPES .............210 208.01 Description ............................................................................................210 208.02 Finishing Shoulders ..............................................................................210 208.03 Finishing Ditches ..................................................................................211 208.04 Finishing Slopes ...................................................................................211 208.05 Blank .....................................................................................................211 208.06 Finishing at Contract Drainage Structures ............................................211 208.07 Method of Measurement .......................................................................211 208.08 Basis of Payment ..................................................................................211

SECTION 209 – FINISHING EARTH GRADED ROADS ...................................211 209.01 Description ............................................................................................211 209.02 Construction Requirements...................................................................211

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SECTION 210 – FINAL TRIMMING AND CLEANING .....................................212 210.01 Description ............................................................................................212 210.02 Construction Requirements...................................................................212 210.03 Method of Measurement .......................................................................213 210.04 Basis of Payment ..................................................................................213

SECTION 211 – B BORROW AND STRUCTURE BACKFILL ..........................213 211.01 Description ............................................................................................213 211.02 Materials ...............................................................................................213 211.03 General Requirements ..........................................................................214 211.03.1 Structure Backfill Types ....................................................................215

(a) Type 1 .................................................................................................. 215 (b) Type 2 .................................................................................................. 215 (c) Type 3 .................................................................................................. 215 (d) Type 4 .................................................................................................. 216 (e) Type 5 .................................................................................................. 217

211.04 Compaction ...........................................................................................217 211.05 Embankment for Bridges ......................................................................217 211.06 B Borrow Around Bents .......................................................................217 211.07 Blank .....................................................................................................217 211.08 Spandrel Filling ....................................................................................217 211.09 Method of Measurement .......................................................................218 211.10 Basis of Payment ..................................................................................218

SECTION 212 – STOCKPILED SELECTED MATERIALS .................................219 212.01 Description ............................................................................................219 212.02 Materials ...............................................................................................219 212.03 Construction Requirements...................................................................220 212.04 Method of Measurement .......................................................................220 212.05 Basis of Payment ..................................................................................220

SECTION 213 – FLOWABLE BACKFILL ...........................................................220 213.01 Description ............................................................................................220 213.02 Materials ...............................................................................................221 213.03 Flowable Backfill Mix Design ..............................................................221 213.04 Flowable Backfill Mix Criteria .............................................................221

(a) Flow Consistency ................................................................................. 222 (b) Lightweight Dynamic Cone Penetration Blow Count

Number ................................................................................................. 222 (c) Removability Modulus ......................................................................... 222

213.05 Flowable Backfill Trial Batch ...............................................................222 213.06 Mixing Equipment ................................................................................223 213.07 Placement .............................................................................................223

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SECTION 214 – GEOSYNTHETICS .....................................................................224 214.01 Description ............................................................................................224 214.02 Materials ...............................................................................................224 214.03 Foundation Preparation .........................................................................225

(a) Geotextile as a Drainage Blanket ......................................................... 225 (b) Geotextile Placement for Pavement, Subgrade, or

Embankment ........................................................................................ 225 (c) Geogrid Placement in Embankment and Subgrade .............................. 226

214.04 Fill Placement .......................................................................................226 214.05 Method of Measurement .......................................................................227 214.06 Basis of Payment ..................................................................................227

SECTION 215 – CHEMICAL MODIFICATION OF SOILS .................................227 215.01 Description ............................................................................................227 215.02 Materials ...............................................................................................227 215.03 Testing and Mix Design ........................................................................228 215.04 Storage and Handling ...........................................................................228 215.05 Weather Limitations .............................................................................229 215.06 Preparation of Soils...............................................................................229 215.07 Spreading of Chemical Modifiers .........................................................229 215.08 Mixing ..................................................................................................229 215.09 Compaction ...........................................................................................229 215.10 Curing ...................................................................................................230 215.11 Method of Measurement .......................................................................230 215.12 Basis of Payment ..................................................................................231

SECTION 216 – CELLULAR CONCRETE FILL, CCF ........................................231 216.01 Description ............................................................................................231 216.02 Materials ...............................................................................................231 216.03 Mix Design ...........................................................................................232 216.04 Properties and Tests ..............................................................................232

(a) CCF Cast Density ................................................................................. 232 (b) Foam Density ....................................................................................... 233

216.05 Storage and Handling ...........................................................................233 216.06 Weather Limitations .............................................................................233 216.07 Preparation of Subgrade .......................................................................233 216.08 Installation ............................................................................................233 216.09 Lots .......................................................................................................233 216.10 Testing ..................................................................................................233 216.11 Method of Measurement .......................................................................233 216.12 Basis of Payment ..................................................................................234

SECTION 217 - SOILS DRYING WITH CHEMICAL MODIFIERS ...................234

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217.01 Description ............................................................................................234 217.02 Materials ...............................................................................................234 217.03 Testing and Mix Design ........................................................................234 217.04 Storage and Handling ...........................................................................235 217.05 Weather Limitations .............................................................................235 217.06 Preparation of Soils...............................................................................235 217.07 Spreading of Chemical Modifiers .........................................................235 217.08 Mixing ..................................................................................................235 217.09 Compaction ...........................................................................................236 217.10 Method of Measurement .......................................................................236 217.11 Basis of Payment ..................................................................................236

SECTION 300 – AGGREGATE PAVEMENT AND BASES

SECTION 301 – AGGREGATE BASE ..................................................................238 301.01 Description ............................................................................................238 301.02 Materials ...............................................................................................238 301.03 Preparation of Subgrade .......................................................................238 301.04 Temperature Limitations ......................................................................238 301.05 Spreading ..............................................................................................238 301.06 Compacting ...........................................................................................238 301.07 Checking and Correcting Base .............................................................239 301.08 Priming .................................................................................................239 301.09 Method of Measurement .......................................................................239 301.10 Basis of Payment ..................................................................................240

SECTION 302 – SUBBASE ....................................................................................240 302.01 Description ............................................................................................240 302.02 Materials ...............................................................................................240 302.03 Preparation of Subgrade .......................................................................241 302.04 Temperature Limitations ......................................................................241 302.05 Spreading ..............................................................................................241 302.06 Compacting ...........................................................................................241

(a) Aggregate Separation Layers and Dense Graded Subbase ................... 241 (b) Aggregate Drainage Layers ................................................................. 241

302.07 Checking and Correcting Subbase ........................................................242 302.08 Method of Measurement .......................................................................242 302.09 Basis of Payment ..................................................................................242

SECTION 303 – AGGREGATE PAVEMENTS OR SHOULDERS ......................242 303.01 Description ............................................................................................242 303.02 Materials ...............................................................................................242 303.03 Preparation of Subgrade .......................................................................242 303.04 Temperature Limitations ......................................................................243 303.05 Spreading ..............................................................................................243 303.06 Compacting ...........................................................................................243

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303.07 Checking and Correcting Base and Surface ..........................................243 303.08 Dust Palliative .......................................................................................243 303.09 Method of Measurement .......................................................................243 303.10 Basis of Payment ..................................................................................243

SECTION 304 – ASPHALT BASES ......................................................................244 304.01 Description ............................................................................................244 304.02 Materials ...............................................................................................244 304.03 Sealing Cracks and Joints .....................................................................244 304.04 Patching ................................................................................................244 304.05 Widening ..............................................................................................245 304.06 Method of Measurement .......................................................................245 304.07 Basis of Payment ..................................................................................245

SECTION 305 – CONCRETE BASES ...................................................................246 305.01 Description ............................................................................................246 305.02 Materials ...............................................................................................246 305.03 New PCC Base .....................................................................................247 305.04 Existing PCCP ......................................................................................247

(a) Patching................................................................................................ 247 (b) Surface Milling .................................................................................... 247 (c) Retrofit Load Transfer ......................................................................... 247 (d) Rubblizing Existing PCCP ................................................................... 247

305.05 Widening With PCC Base ....................................................................249 305.06 Method of Measurement .......................................................................249 305.07 Basis of Payment ..................................................................................250

SECTION 306 – MILLING .....................................................................................251 306.01 Description ............................................................................................251 306.02 General .................................................................................................251 306.03 Equipment .............................................................................................251

(a) Roadway Milling Machine ................................................................... 251 (b) Power Saw ........................................................................................... 252 (c) Rotary Power Broom ........................................................................... 252 (d) Straightedge ......................................................................................... 252

1. Straightedge – 16 ft .........................................................................252 2. Straightedge – 10 ft .........................................................................252

306.04 Asphalt or PCCP Scarification Milling .................................................252 306.05 Asphalt or PCCP Profile Milling to Correct Cross-Slope .....................253 306.06 Approach Milling .................................................................................254 306.07 Asphalt or PCCP Milling to a Specified Average Depth ......................254 306.08 Asphalt Overlay Removal .....................................................................255 306.09 Transition Milling .................................................................................255 306.10 Method of Measurement .......................................................................256 306.11 Basis of Payment ..................................................................................256

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SECTION 400 – ASPHALT PAVEMENTS

SECTION 401 – QUALITY CONTROL/QUALITY ASSURANCE, QC/QA, HOT MIX ASPHALT, HMA, PAVEMENT ................257

401.01 Description ............................................................................................257 401.02 Quality Control .....................................................................................257 401.03 Materials ...............................................................................................257 401.04 Design Mix Formula .............................................................................257 401.05 Volumetric Mix Design ........................................................................258 401.06 Recycled Materials ...............................................................................261 401.07 Lots and Sublots ...................................................................................263 401.08 Blank .....................................................................................................263 401.09 Acceptance of Mixtures ........................................................................263 401.10 General .................................................................................................265 401.11 Preparation of Surfaces to be Overlaid .................................................266 401.12 Process Control .....................................................................................267 401.13 Weather Limitations .............................................................................267 401.14 Spreading and Finishing .......................................................................267 401.15 Joints .....................................................................................................268 401.16 Density ..................................................................................................269 401.17 Pavement Corrugations .........................................................................271 401.18 Pavement Smoothness ..........................................................................271

(a) Profilograph ......................................................................................... 271 (b) 16 ft Straightedge and 10 ft Straightedge ............................................. 272 (c) Smoothness Correction ........................................................................ 273

401.19 Pay Factors ...........................................................................................273 (a) Dense Graded Mixture ≥ One Lot ........................................................ 273 (b) Dense Graded Mixture < One Lot and Open Graded

Mixture ................................................................................................. 275 (c) Smoothness .......................................................................................... 278

401.20 Appeals .................................................................................................279 (a) MSG ..................................................................................................... 280 (b) BSG of the Gyratory Specimen ........................................................... 280 (c) Binder Content ..................................................................................... 280 (d) BSG of the Density Core ..................................................................... 281


SECTION 402 – HOT MIX ASPHALT, HMA, PAVEMENT ...............................283 402.01 Description ............................................................................................283 402.02 Quality Control .....................................................................................283 402.03 Materials ...............................................................................................283 402.04 Design Mix Formula .............................................................................283 402.05 Volumetric Mix Design ........................................................................284 402.06 Blank .....................................................................................................284

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402.07 Mix Criteria ..........................................................................................285 (a) Composition Limits for HMA Transverse Rumble Strip

Mixtures ............................................................................................... 285 (b) Composition Limits for HMA Wedge and Leveling

Mixtures ............................................................................................... 285 (c) Composition Limits for Temporary HMA Mixtures ............................ 285 (d) Composition Limits for HMA Curbing Mixes ..................................... 285

402.08 Recycled Materials ...............................................................................285 402.09 Acceptance of Mixtures ........................................................................285 402.10 General .................................................................................................286 402.11 Preparation of Surfaces to be Overlaid .................................................286 402.12 Weather Limitations .............................................................................287 402.13 Spreading and Finishing .......................................................................287 402.14 Joints .....................................................................................................288 402.15 Compaction ...........................................................................................288 402.16 Low Temperature Compaction Requirements ......................................290 402.17 Pavement Corrugations .........................................................................291 402.18 Pavement Smoothness ..........................................................................291 402.19 Method of Measurement .......................................................................291 402.20 Basis of Payment ..................................................................................291

SECTION 403 – COLD MIX ASPHALT, CMA, PAVEMENT ............................292 403.01 Description ............................................................................................292 403.02 Materials ...............................................................................................292 403.03 Weather Limitations .............................................................................292 403.04 Equipment .............................................................................................293 403.05 Preparation of Mixtures ........................................................................293 403.06 Preparation of Subgrade or Base ..........................................................293 403.07 Spreading Mixture ................................................................................293 403.08 Curing ...................................................................................................294 403.09 Compaction ...........................................................................................294 403.10 Surface Tolerances................................................................................294 403.11 Method of Measurement .......................................................................294 403.12 Basis of Payment ..................................................................................294

SECTION 404 – SEAL COAT ................................................................................295 404.01 Description ............................................................................................295 404.02 Quality Control .....................................................................................295 404.03 Asphalt Material ...................................................................................295 404.04 Cover Aggregate ...................................................................................295 404.05 Weather Limitations .............................................................................296 404.06 Equipment .............................................................................................296 404.07 Preparation of Surface ..........................................................................296 404.08 Applying Asphalt Material ...................................................................297 404.09 Application of Cover Aggregate ...........................................................297 404.10 Rolling Operation .................................................................................297

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404.11 Sweeping Operation..............................................................................297 404.12 Protection of Surface ............................................................................297 404.13 Method of Measurement .......................................................................298 404.14 Basis of Payment ..................................................................................298

SECTION 405 – PRIME COAT..............................................................................298 405.01 Description ............................................................................................298 405.02 Asphalt Materials ..................................................................................298 405.03 Cover Aggregate ...................................................................................298 405.04 Weather Limitations .............................................................................299 405.05 Equipment .............................................................................................299 405.06 Preparation of Surface ..........................................................................299 405.07 Application of Asphalt Material ...........................................................299 405.08 Cover Aggregate ...................................................................................299 405.09 Method of Measurement .......................................................................299 405.10 Basis of Payment ..................................................................................299

SECTION 406 – TACK COAT ...............................................................................300 406.01 Description ............................................................................................300 406.02 Materials ...............................................................................................300 406.03 Equipment .............................................................................................300 406.04 Preparation of Surface ..........................................................................300 406.05 Application of Asphalt Material ...........................................................300 406.06 Method of Measurement .......................................................................300 406.07 Basis of Payment ..................................................................................300

SECTION 407 – DUST PALLIATIVE ...................................................................301 407.01 Description ............................................................................................301 407.02 Asphalt Material ...................................................................................301 407.03 Weather Limitations .............................................................................301 407.04 Equipment .............................................................................................301 407.05 Preparation of Surface ..........................................................................301 407.06 Application of Asphalt Material ...........................................................301 407.07 Method of Measurement .......................................................................301 407.08 Basis of Payment ..................................................................................302

SECTION 408 – SEALING OR FILLING CRACKS AND JOINTS .....................302 408.01 Description ............................................................................................302 408.02 Materials ...............................................................................................302 408.03 Equipment .............................................................................................302 408.04 Weather Limitations .............................................................................302 408.05 Routing and Sealing Cracks and Joints .................................................303 408.06 Filling Cracks .......................................................................................303 408.07 Method of Measurement .......................................................................303 408.08 Basis of Payment ..................................................................................303

SECTION 409 – EQUIPMENT...............................................................................304

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409.01 Production, Transportation, and Laydown of Asphalt Mixtures ................................................................................................304

409.02 Mixing Plant .........................................................................................304 (a) Certified HMA Plant ............................................................................ 304 (b) CMA Mixing Plant .............................................................................. 304

409.03 HMA Laydown Operations ..................................................................304 (a) Distributor ............................................................................................ 304 (b) Hauling Equipment .............................................................................. 304 (c) Laydown Equipment ............................................................................ 305

1. Paver ...............................................................................................305 2. Widener ..........................................................................................305 3. Other Mechanical Devices ..............................................................305

(d) Compaction Equipment ....................................................................... 305 1. Tandem Roller ................................................................................306 2. Three Wheel Roller .........................................................................306 3. Pneumatic Tire Roller .....................................................................306 4. Vibratory Roller ..............................................................................306 5. Oscillatory Roller ............................................................................306 6. Trench Roller ..................................................................................306 7. Specialty Roller/Compactor ............................................................306

(e) Miscellaneous Equipment .................................................................... 306 1. Aggregate Spreader ........................................................................306 2. Rotary Power Broom ......................................................................307

(f) Smoothness Equipment ........................................................................ 307 1. Profilograph ....................................................................................307 2. Straightedge – 16 ft .........................................................................307 3. Straightedge – 10 ft .........................................................................307

SECTION 410 – QUALITY CONTROL/QUALITY ASSURANCE, QC/QA, HMA – SMA PAVEMENT ........................................................307

410.01 Description ............................................................................................307 410.02 Quality Control .....................................................................................307 410.03 Materials ...............................................................................................307 410.04 Design Mix Formula .............................................................................308 410.05 SMA Mix Design ..................................................................................308 410.06 Recycled Materials ...............................................................................310 410.07 Lots and Sublots ...................................................................................310 410.08 Job Mix Formula ..................................................................................311 410.09 Acceptance of Mixtures ........................................................................311 410.10 General .................................................................................................313 410.11 Preparation of Surfaces to be Overlaid .................................................314 410.12 Process Control .....................................................................................314 410.13 Weather Limitations .............................................................................314 410.14 Spreading and Finishing .......................................................................314 410.15 Joints .....................................................................................................315

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410.16 Density ..................................................................................................315 410.17 Pavement Corrugations .........................................................................317 410.18 Pavement Smoothness ..........................................................................317 410.19 Adjusted Points .....................................................................................317

(a) Mixture ................................................................................................. 318 (b) Density ................................................................................................. 319

410.20 Appeals .................................................................................................319 (a) MSG ..................................................................................................... 319 (b) Binder Content and Gradation ............................................................. 319 (c) BSG of the Density Core...................................................................... 320


SECTION 411 – WARRANTED MICRO-SURFACING ......................................321 411.01 Description ............................................................................................321 411.02 Materials ...............................................................................................321 411.03 Design Mix Formula .............................................................................322 411.04 Equipment .............................................................................................323 411.05 Pre-Paving Coordination ......................................................................324 411.06 Preparation of Surfaces .........................................................................324 411.07 Opening to Traffic ................................................................................324 411.08 Finished Pavement Properties ...............................................................324 411.09 Warranty ...............................................................................................325 411.10 Conflict Resolution Team .....................................................................325 411.11 Warranty Work .....................................................................................326 411.12 Pavement Distress Indicators, Thresholds, and Remedial

Work .....................................................................................................326 411.13 Department Maintenance ......................................................................327 411.14 Method of Measurement .......................................................................327 411.15 Basis of Payment ..................................................................................328 411.16 Final Warranty Acceptance ..................................................................328

SECTION 412 – FOG SEAL ...................................................................................328 412.01 Description ............................................................................................328 412.02 Materials ...............................................................................................328 412.03 Equipment .............................................................................................328 412.04 Weather Limitations .............................................................................328 412.05 Preparation of Surface ..........................................................................329 412.06 Application of Asphalt Material ...........................................................329 412.07 Protection of Surface ............................................................................329 412.08 Application of Pavement Markings ......................................................329 412.09 Method of Measurement .......................................................................329 412.10 Basis of Payment ..................................................................................329

SECTION 413 – BLANK ........................................................................................329

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SECTION 414 - ULTRATHIN BONDED WEARING COURSE, WARRANTED ...........................................................................330

414.01 Description ............................................................................................330 414.02 Materials ...............................................................................................330

(a) Asphalt Emulsion ................................................................................. 330 (b) Asphalt Materials ................................................................................. 331 (c) Coarse Aggregates ............................................................................... 331

414.03 Design Mix Formula .............................................................................331 414.04 Mix Design ...........................................................................................331 414.05 Use of Recycled Materials ....................................................................332 414.06 Quality Control .....................................................................................333 414.07 Equipment .............................................................................................333 414.08 Preparation of Surface ..........................................................................333 414.09 Asphalt Emulsion .................................................................................334 414.10 Pre-Paving Meeting ..............................................................................334 414.11 Mixture Placement ................................................................................334 414.12 Mixture Finishing .................................................................................335 414.13 Smoothness ...........................................................................................335 414.14 Warranty ...............................................................................................335 414.15 Conflict Resolution Team .....................................................................335 414.16 Warranty Work .....................................................................................336 414.17 Pavement Distress Indicators, Thresholds and Remedial

Action ...................................................................................................336 414.18 Department Maintenance ......................................................................337 414.19 Method of Measurement .......................................................................338 414.20 Basis of Payment ..................................................................................338 414.21 Final Warranty Acceptance ..................................................................338

SECTION 415 – BASE SEAL ................................................................................338 415.01 Description ............................................................................................338 415.02 Materials ...............................................................................................338 415.03 Equipment .............................................................................................338 415.04 Weather Limitations .............................................................................339 415.05 Preparation of Surface ..........................................................................339 415.06 Application of Asphalt Material ...........................................................339 415.07 Protection of Surface ............................................................................339 415.08 Method of Measurement .......................................................................339 415.09 Basis of Payment ..................................................................................339

SECTION 500 – CONCRETE PAVEMENT

SECTION 501 – QUALITY CONTROL/QUALITY ASSURANCE, QC/QA, PORTLAND CEMENT CONCRETE PAVEMENT, PCCP ...................................................................340

501.01 Description ............................................................................................340

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501.02 Quality Control .....................................................................................340 501.03 Materials ...............................................................................................340 501.04 Concrete Mix Design ............................................................................340

(a) Change in Materials ............................................................................. 341 (b) Adjustments to Materials ..................................................................... 341 (c) Other Adjustments ............................................................................... 342

501.05 Concrete Mix Criteria ...........................................................................342 501.06 Trial Batch ............................................................................................343 501.07 Lots and Sublots ...................................................................................344 501.08 Acceptance ............................................................................................344 501.09 General .................................................................................................344 501.10 Preparation of Grade .............................................................................344 501.11 Preparation of Subbase .........................................................................345 501.12 Placement .............................................................................................345 501.13 Process Control .....................................................................................345 501.14 Concrete Mixing and Transportation ....................................................345 501.15 Weather Limitations .............................................................................346 501.16 Placing Concrete ...................................................................................346 501.17 Blank .....................................................................................................347 501.18 Joints .....................................................................................................347 501.19 Finishing ...............................................................................................347 501.20 Curing ...................................................................................................347 501.21 Form Removal ......................................................................................347 501.22 Pavement Inspection .............................................................................347 501.23 Opening to Traffic ................................................................................347

(a) Construction ......................................................................................... 347 (b) Non-Construction................................................................................. 348

501.24 Pavement Corrugations .........................................................................348 501.25 Pavement Smoothness ..........................................................................348

(a) Profilograph ......................................................................................... 348 (b) 16 ft Straightedge and 10 ft Straightedge ............................................. 349 (c) Smoothness Correction ........................................................................ 350

501.26 Pavement Thickness .............................................................................350 501.27 Tolerance ..............................................................................................351

(a) Plastic Unit Weight .............................................................................. 351 (b) Water to Cementitious Ratio ................................................................ 351 (c) Flexural Strength .................................................................................. 351 (d) Air Content .......................................................................................... 351

501.28 Pay Factors ...........................................................................................351 (a) Flexural Strength .................................................................................. 352

1. Lots .................................................................................................353 2. Sublots ............................................................................................353

(b) Air Content .......................................................................................... 353 1. Lots .................................................................................................353 2. Sublots ............................................................................................354

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(c) Thickness ............................................................................................. 354 (d) Smoothness .......................................................................................... 354

501.29 Appeals .................................................................................................355 (a) Flexural Strength .................................................................................. 355 (b) Air Content .......................................................................................... 356


SECTION 502 – PORTLAND CEMENT CONCRETE PAVEMENT, PCCP .......358 502.01 Description ............................................................................................358 502.02 Materials ...............................................................................................358 502.03 Concrete Mix Design ............................................................................358 502.04 Concrete Mix Criteria ...........................................................................359

(a) Portland Cement Concrete ................................................................... 359 (b) High-Early Strength Concrete .............................................................. 360

502.05 Job Control ...........................................................................................360 502.06 General .................................................................................................361 502.07 Preparation of Grade .............................................................................361 502.08 Preparation of Subbase .........................................................................361 502.09 Placement .............................................................................................361 502.10 Concrete Mixing and Transportation ....................................................362

(a) Central Mixed Concrete ....................................................................... 363 (b) Shrink Mixed Concrete ........................................................................ 363 (c) Transit Mixed Concrete ....................................................................... 363

502.11 Weather Limitations .............................................................................364 502.12 Placing Concrete ...................................................................................364 502.13 Joints .....................................................................................................365 502.14 Finishing ...............................................................................................365 502.15 Curing ...................................................................................................365 502.16 Form Removal ......................................................................................365 502.17 Pavement Inspection .............................................................................365 502.18 Opening to Traffic ................................................................................365

(a) Construction ......................................................................................... 365 (b) Non-Construction................................................................................. 365

502.19 Pavement Corrugations .........................................................................366 502.20 Pavement Smoothness ..........................................................................366 502.21 Pavement Thickness .............................................................................366

(a) Sections ................................................................................................ 367 (b) Average PCCP Thickness .................................................................... 367 (c) PCCP Adjusted Payment...................................................................... 367 (d) PCCP Non-Payment ............................................................................ 367 (e) PCCP Removal .................................................................................... 368


SECTION 503 – PCCP JOINTS..............................................................................369

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503.01 Description ............................................................................................369 503.02 Materials ...............................................................................................369 503.03 Joints .....................................................................................................370

(a) Type D-1 Contraction Joint .................................................................. 370 (b) Longitudinal Joint ................................................................................ 371 (c) Transverse Construction Joints ............................................................ 371 (d) Longitudinal Construction Joint .......................................................... 371 (e) Terminal Joints ..................................................................................... 372 (f) Expansion Joints ................................................................................... 372 (g) Retrofitted Tie Bars ............................................................................. 372

503.04 Dowel Bar Assemblies .........................................................................373 503.05 Sealing Cracks and Joints .....................................................................374 503.06 Random Crack Remediation .................................................................374

(a) Transverse ............................................................................................ 374 (b) Longitudinal ......................................................................................... 374


SECTION 504 – PCCP FINISHING AND CURING .............................................375 504.01 Description ............................................................................................375 504.02 Materials ...............................................................................................375 504.03 Finishing ...............................................................................................375 504.04 Curing ...................................................................................................376

(a) Liquid Membrane Forming Compounds .............................................. 377 (b) Double Burlap ...................................................................................... 377 (c) Waterproof Covers ............................................................................... 377 (d) Straw .................................................................................................... 378


SECTION 505 – TESTS AND PROCEDURES .....................................................378 505.01 Test Methods and Procedures ...............................................................378

(a) Exceptions to AASHTO T 23 .............................................................. 379 (b) Exceptions to AASHTO T 97 .............................................................. 379 (c) Exceptions to AASHTO T 121 ............................................................ 379 (d) Exceptions to AASHTO R 60 .............................................................. 379 (e) Exceptions to AASHTO T 152 ............................................................ 379

SECTION 506 – PCCP PATCHING .......................................................................380 506.01 Description ............................................................................................380 506.02 Materials ...............................................................................................380 506.03 Concrete Mix Design ............................................................................380

(a) Change in Materials ............................................................................. 381 (b) Adjustments to Materials ..................................................................... 381 (c) Other Adjustments ............................................................................... 382

506.04 Concrete Mix Criteria ...........................................................................382

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506.05 Trial Batch ............................................................................................382 506.06 Job Control ...........................................................................................383 506.07 PCCP Removal .....................................................................................383

(a) Partial Depth Removal ......................................................................... 383 (b) Full Depth Removal ............................................................................. 384

506.08 Concrete Mixing and Transportation ....................................................384 (a) Central Mixed Concrete ....................................................................... 385 (b) Shrink Mixed Concrete ........................................................................ 385 (c) Transit Mixed Concrete ....................................................................... 385

506.09 Weather Limitations .............................................................................385 506.10 Placing Concrete ...................................................................................385

(a) Partial Depth ........................................................................................ 385 (b) Full Depth ............................................................................................ 386

506.11 Opening to Traffic ................................................................................386 506.12 Method of Measurement .......................................................................386 506.13 Basis of Payment ..................................................................................387

SECTION 507 – PCCP RESTORATION ...............................................................388 507.01 Description ............................................................................................388 507.02 Materials ...............................................................................................388 507.03 Cracks ...................................................................................................388

(a) Routing, Cleaning and Sealing ............................................................. 388 (b) Cleaning and Filling ............................................................................. 389

507.04 Joints .....................................................................................................389 (a) Sawing, Cleaning and Sealing .............................................................. 389 (b) Cleaning and Filling ............................................................................. 389

507.05 PCCP Patching .....................................................................................390 (a) Full Depth Patching ............................................................................. 390 (b) Partial Depth Patching ......................................................................... 390

507.06 Profiling ................................................................................................390 507.07 Undersealing .........................................................................................390 507.08 Retrofit Load Transfer for PCCP ..........................................................391 507.09 Method of Measurement .......................................................................391 507.10 Basis of Payment ..................................................................................392

SECTION 508 – EQUIPMENT...............................................................................393 508.01 Production, Transportation, and Placement of PCC

Mixtures ................................................................................................393 508.02 Mixing Plant .........................................................................................393

(a) Plant Inspection .................................................................................... 393 (b) Proportioning System .......................................................................... 393 (c) Material Storage ................................................................................... 394

1. Aggregates ......................................................................................394 2. Cementitious Materials ...................................................................394 3. Admixtures .....................................................................................394

(d) Hoppers ................................................................................................ 394

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(e) Mixing System ..................................................................................... 394 1. Central or Stationary Mixers ...........................................................394 2. Truck Mixers ..................................................................................394

508.03 Transportation .......................................................................................394 (a) Truck Mixers and Truck Agitators ....................................................... 394 (b) Non-Agitator Trucks ............................................................................ 395

508.04 Placement Equipment ...........................................................................395 (a) Slipform ............................................................................................... 395 (b) Form Riding Equipment ...................................................................... 395 (c) Hand Placement ................................................................................... 396

1. Steel Forms .....................................................................................396 2. Wood Forms ...................................................................................396 3. Finishing Equipment .......................................................................396 4. Vibrators .........................................................................................397

508.05 Curing ...................................................................................................397 508.06 Texturing Equipment ............................................................................397 508.07 Sawing Equipment ................................................................................398 508.08 Miscellaneous Equipment .....................................................................398

(a) Hand Tools ........................................................................................... 398 (b) Joint Sealing ......................................................................................... 398 (c) Grinding ............................................................................................... 398

508.09 Testing Facility and Equipment ............................................................398 (a) Testing Facility .................................................................................... 398 (b) Testing Equipment ............................................................................... 399 (c) Profilograph ......................................................................................... 399 (d) Straightedge – 16 ft .............................................................................. 399 (e) Straightedge – 10 ft .............................................................................. 399

SECTION 600 – INCIDENTAL CONSTRUCTION

SECTION 601 – GUARDRAIL ..............................................................................400 601.01 Description ............................................................................................400 601.02 Materials ...............................................................................................400 601.03 General Requirements ..........................................................................401 601.04 Guardrail Erection ................................................................................402 601.05 Curved W-Beam Guardrail Systems .....................................................402 601.06 Guardrail Transitions ............................................................................402 601.07 Guardrail End Treatments .....................................................................402 601.08 Impact Attenuators................................................................................403 601.09 Extension of Existing Guardrail ...........................................................404 601.10 Removal of Existing Guardrail .............................................................404 601.11 Adjusting Existing Guardrail Height ....................................................404 601.12 Resetting Guardrail ...............................................................................405 601.13 Method of Measurement .......................................................................405 601.14 Basis of Payment ..................................................................................405

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SECTION 602 – CONCRETE BARRIER ..............................................................407 602.01 Description ............................................................................................407 602.02 Materials ...............................................................................................407 602.03 Concrete Barrier and Concrete Glare Screen ........................................408

(a) Precast Concrete Barrier and Concrete Glare Screen ........................... 408 (b) Cast-in-Place Concrete Barrier and Concrete Glare Screen ................. 408 (c) Finishing .............................................................................................. 409 (d) Sealing ................................................................................................. 409 (e) Joints .................................................................................................... 409 (f) Reflectorization .................................................................................... 409

602.04 Blank .....................................................................................................409 602.05 Method of Measurement .......................................................................409 602.06 Basis of Payment ..................................................................................409

SECTION 603 – FENCES .......................................................................................410 603.01 Description ............................................................................................410 603.02 Materials ...............................................................................................410 603.03 General Requirements ..........................................................................410 603.04 Setting Posts .........................................................................................411 603.05 Placing Barbed and Tension Wire and Fabric ......................................412 603.06 Resetting Fence .....................................................................................413 603.07 Method of Measurement .......................................................................413 603.08 Basis of Payment ..................................................................................413

SECTION 604 – SIDEWALKS, CURB RAMPS, STEPS, AND HANDRAILS ...414 604.01 Description ............................................................................................414 604.02 Materials ...............................................................................................414 604.03 Portland Cement Concrete Sidewalks and Curb Ramps .......................415

(a) General Requirements .......................................................................... 415 (b) Excavation ........................................................................................... 415 (c) Forms ................................................................................................... 415 (d) Placing Concrete .................................................................................. 416 (e) Finishing .............................................................................................. 416 (f) Joints ..................................................................................................... 416 (g) Detectable Warning Surfaces ............................................................... 416

1. Brick Surfaces .................................................................................417 2. Cast Surfaces ..................................................................................417

(h) Curing .................................................................................................. 417 604.04 PCC Steps .............................................................................................417 604.05 Reconstructed PCC Sidewalk and Curb Ramp .....................................417 604.06 Re-Laid Sidewalk .................................................................................418 604.07 HMA Sidewalk .....................................................................................418

(a) Excavation and Forms .......................................................................... 418 (b) Bed Course ........................................................................................... 418 (c) Placing HMA Sidewalk ....................................................................... 418

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604.08 Backfilling and Finishing Shoulders and Slopes ..................................419 604.09 Hand Rails ............................................................................................419 604.10 Method of Measurement .......................................................................419 604.11 Basis of Payment ..................................................................................420

SECTION 605 – CURBING ....................................................................................422 605.01 Description ............................................................................................422 605.02 Materials ...............................................................................................422 605.03 Precast Cement Concrete Curbing ........................................................422

(a) Excavation ............................................................................................ 422 (b) Installation ........................................................................................... 422 (c) Joints .................................................................................................... 422 (d) Backfilling ........................................................................................... 422

605.04 Cast in Place Cement Concrete Curbing ...............................................423 (a) Excavation ............................................................................................ 423 (b) Forms ................................................................................................... 423 (c) Proportioning and Placing .................................................................... 423 (d) Curb Turnouts and Combined Concrete Curb and Gutter

Turnouts ............................................................................................... 423 (e) Joints .................................................................................................... 424 (f) Curing ................................................................................................... 424 (g) Backfilling ........................................................................................... 424 (h) Curb Machine ...................................................................................... 424

605.05 Reflecting Cement Concrete Curbing ...................................................424 605.06 Concrete Center Curbing ......................................................................425 605.07 HMA Curbing .......................................................................................425

(a) Excavation ............................................................................................ 425 (b) Preparation of Bed ............................................................................... 425 (c) Mixture ................................................................................................. 425 (d) Placing ................................................................................................. 426 (e) Painting and Sealing ............................................................................. 426

605.08 Resetting Curbing .................................................................................426 (a) Salvage of Curbing ............................................................................... 426 (b) Curb Removal ...................................................................................... 426 (c) Excavation ............................................................................................ 426 (d) Resetting .............................................................................................. 427 (e) Backfilling ............................................................................................ 427


SECTION 606 – PAVEMENT CORRUGATIONS ................................................428 606.01 Description ............................................................................................428

(a) All Corrugations ................................................................................... 428 (b) Blank .................................................................................................... 428


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SECTION 607 – PAVED SIDE DITCH OR CONCRETE GUTTER ....................429 607.01 Description ............................................................................................429 607.02 Materials ...............................................................................................429 607.03 General Requirements ..........................................................................429 607.04 Cement Concrete Gutter and Turnout ...................................................430 607.05 Method of Measurement .......................................................................430 607.06 Basis of Payment ..................................................................................430

SECTION 608 – SHOULDER DRAINS.................................................................431 608.01 Description ............................................................................................431 608.02 Materials ...............................................................................................431 608.03 General Requirements ..........................................................................431 608.04 Method of Measurement .......................................................................431 608.05 Basis of Payment ..................................................................................431

SECTION 609 – REINFORCED CONCRETE BRIDGE APPROACHES ............432 609.01 Description ............................................................................................432 609.02 Materials ...............................................................................................432 609.03 General Requirements ..........................................................................432 609.04 Forms ....................................................................................................432 609.05 Joints .....................................................................................................432 609.06 Reinforcing Bars ...................................................................................433 609.07 Thickness ..............................................................................................433 609.08 Concrete Placement ..............................................................................433 609.09 Finishing ...............................................................................................433 609.10 Curing ...................................................................................................433 609.11 Smoothness ...........................................................................................434 609.12 Opening to Traffic ................................................................................434 609.13 Method of Measurement .......................................................................434 609.14 Basis of Payment ..................................................................................435

SECTION 610 – APPROACHES AND CROSSOVERS .......................................435 610.01 Description ............................................................................................435 610.02 Materials ...............................................................................................435 610.03 General Requirements ..........................................................................436 610.04 Existing Approaches and Crossovers....................................................436 610.05 Method of Measurement .......................................................................436 610.06 Basis of Payment ..................................................................................436

SECTION 611 – MAILBOX INSTALLATIONS ...................................................437 611.01 Description ............................................................................................437 611.02 Materials ...............................................................................................437 611.03 Mailbox Assembly ................................................................................438 611.04 Method of Measurement .......................................................................438 611.05 Basis of Payment ..................................................................................438

SECTION 612 – UNDERSEALING .......................................................................439

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612.01 Description ............................................................................................439 612.02 Materials ...............................................................................................439 612.03 Weather Limitations .............................................................................439 612.04 Shoulders ..............................................................................................439 612.05 Drilled Holes .........................................................................................439 612.06 Pumping ................................................................................................440

(a) Asphalt Material ................................................................................... 440 (b) Wood Plugs .......................................................................................... 440


SECTION 613 – SALVAGED ROAD MATERIALS ............................................441 613.01 Description ............................................................................................441 613.02 Materials ...............................................................................................441 613.03 Construction Requirements...................................................................441 613.04 Method of Measurement .......................................................................442 613.05 Basis of Payment ..................................................................................442

SECTION 614 – CONCRETE HEADER ...............................................................443 614.01 Description ............................................................................................443 614.02 Materials ...............................................................................................443 614.03 PCC Header ..........................................................................................443 614.04 Reconstructed Cement Concrete Header ..............................................443 614.05 Method of Measurement .......................................................................443 614.06 Basis of Payment ..................................................................................444

SECTION 615 – MONUMENTS, MARKERS, AND PARKING BARRIERS .....444 615.01 Description ............................................................................................444 615.02 Materials ...............................................................................................444 615.03 Reinforced Cement Concrete Right-of-Way Markers ..........................444 615.04 Monuments ...........................................................................................445 615.05 Bench Mark Posts .................................................................................445 615.06 Parking Barriers ....................................................................................445 615.07 Setting Right-of-Way Markers .............................................................446 615.08 Resetting Right-of-Way Markers ..........................................................446 615.09 Setting Monuments ...............................................................................446 615.10 Re-Established Monuments ..................................................................446 615.11 Setting Bench Mark Posts and Tablets .................................................447 615.12 Reset Bench Mark Posts .......................................................................447 615.13 Method of Measurement .......................................................................447 615.14 Basis of Payment ..................................................................................447

SECTION 616 – RIPRAP AND SLOPEWALL .....................................................448 616.01 Description ............................................................................................448 616.02 Materials ...............................................................................................448 616.03 Placing Dumped Riprap ........................................................................448

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616.04 Placing Grouted Riprap ........................................................................449 616.05 Placing Revetment, Class 1, and Class 2 Riprap ..................................449 616.06 Placing Uniform Riprap ........................................................................449 616.07 Blank .....................................................................................................449 616.08 Placing Precast Cement Concrete Riprap .............................................449 616.09 Slopewall ..............................................................................................449 616.10 Undermined Paved Side Ditch ..............................................................450 616.11 Installation of Geotextile Under Riprap ................................................450 616.12 Method of Measurement .......................................................................451 616.13 Basis of Payment ..................................................................................452

SECTION 617 – BLANK ........................................................................................453

SECTION 618 – BLANK ........................................................................................453

SECTION 619 – PAINTING BRIDGE STEEL ......................................................453 619.01 Description ............................................................................................453 619.02 Materials ...............................................................................................453 619.03 Quality Control and Quality Assurance ................................................454

(a) Test Methods and Procedures .............................................................. 454 (b) Acceptance Testing .............................................................................. 455

619.04 Prosecution of Work .............................................................................455 619.05 Inspection Access to Bridges ................................................................455 619.06 Maintaining Traffic ...............................................................................456 619.07 Environmental and Safety Requirements ..............................................456

(a) Pollution Control .................................................................................. 456 (b) Waste Disposal .................................................................................... 457

1. Laws to be Observed ......................................................................457 2. Time Limitations ............................................................................458 3. Marking of Spent Material Containers ...........................................458 4. Instruction for Disposal of Paint Waste Residue ............................458 5. Instructions for Disposal of Other Project Generated Waste ..............................................................................................459

619.08 Surface Preparation ...............................................................................459 (a) Pressure Washing ................................................................................. 460 (b) Solvent Cleaning .................................................................................. 460 (c) Near-White Blast Cleaning .................................................................. 460 (d) Commercial Blast Cleaning ................................................................. 460 (e) Hand Tool Cleaning ............................................................................. 460 (f) Brush-Off Blast Cleaning ..................................................................... 460 (g) Power Tool Cleaning ........................................................................... 461 (h) Power Tool Cleaning to Bare Metal .................................................... 461

619.09 Paint Systems ........................................................................................461 (a) Structural Steel Paint System ............................................................... 461 (b) Partial Paint System ............................................................................. 461

619.10 Painting .................................................................................................461

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(a) Weather Limitations ............................................................................. 462 (b) Storage ................................................................................................. 462 (c) Mixing .................................................................................................. 462 (d) Thinning ............................................................................................... 463 (e) Application of Paint ............................................................................. 463 (f) Curing Time ......................................................................................... 464 (g) Stencil Identification ............................................................................ 464

619.11 Shop Painting ........................................................................................464 (a) Non-Weathering Steel .......................................................................... 465 (b) Weathering Steel .................................................................................. 465

619.12 Field Painting New Steel Bridge ..........................................................465 619.13 Painting Existing Steel Bridges ............................................................466 619.14 Drain Castings Treatment .....................................................................466 619.15 Responsibility for Damage ...................................................................466 619.16 Blank .....................................................................................................466 619.17 Method of Measurement .......................................................................466 619.18 Basis of Payment ..................................................................................467

(a) Pre-Established Remedies for Changed Conditions ............................. 467 1. Discovery of Hazardous Materials but No Mill Scale on a Site Advertised as Non-Hazardous .........................................467 2. Discovery of Mill Scale but No Hazardous Materials on a Site Advertised as Non-Hazardous .........................................467 3. Discovery of Hazardous Materials and Mill Scale on a Site Advertised as Non-Hazardous .........................................468

(b) Prices used in Pre-Established Remedies to Changed Conditions ............................................................................................ 468

SECTION 620 – BLANK ........................................................................................470

SECTION 621 – SEEDING AND SODDING ........................................................470 621.01 Description ............................................................................................470 621.02 Materials ...............................................................................................470 621.03 Preparation of Ground Before Seeding .................................................470 621.04 Preparation of Ground Before Applying Erosion Control

Blankets ................................................................................................471 621.05 Applying Fertilizer, Seed, and Mulch ...................................................471

(a) Fertilizer ............................................................................................... 471 (b) Seed ..................................................................................................... 471 (c) Mulch ................................................................................................... 471

1. Method A ........................................................................................472 2. Method B ........................................................................................472 3. Method C ........................................................................................472 4. Method D ........................................................................................472 5. Method E ........................................................................................473

(d) Excelsior Blankets ............................................................................... 473 (e) Paper Mat ............................................................................................. 473

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(f) Straw Mat ............................................................................................. 474 (g) Wood Cellulose Fiber Mulch ............................................................... 474

621.06 Seed Mixtures .......................................................................................474 (a) Seed Mixture R .................................................................................... 475 (b) Seed Mixture U .................................................................................... 475 (c) Seed Mixture P ..................................................................................... 475 (d) Blank .................................................................................................... 475 (e) Seed Mixture D .................................................................................... 475 (f) Blank .................................................................................................... 476 (g) Seed Mixture Grass .............................................................................. 476

1. Type 1 .............................................................................................476 2. Type 2 .............................................................................................476

(h) Seed Mixture Legume .......................................................................... 476 1. Type 1 .............................................................................................476 2. Type 2 .............................................................................................476

621.07 Mulched Seeding ..................................................................................476 621.08 Preparation of Ground Before Sodding ................................................477 621.09 Laying Sod ............................................................................................477 621.10 Watering Sod ........................................................................................477 621.11 Seeding or Sodding Disturbed Areas Outside Construction

Limits ....................................................................................................478 621.12 Seasonal Limitations .............................................................................478 621.13 Method of Measurement .......................................................................478 621.14 Basis of Payment ..................................................................................478

(a) Warranty Bond ..................................................................................... 480 (b) Changed Fertilizer ................................................................................ 480 (c) Mulching .............................................................................................. 481

SECTION 622 – PLANTING TREES, SHRUBS, AND VINES ............................481 622.01 Description ............................................................................................481 622.02 Materials ...............................................................................................481 622.03 Care and Handling of Plants .................................................................482

(a) Bare Rooted Plants ............................................................................... 482 (b) Balled and Burlapped Plants and Container Grown Plants .................. 482

622.04 Collected Plants ....................................................................................483 622.05 Excavation for Plant Holes ...................................................................483 622.06 Planting Season .....................................................................................483 622.07 Pruning .................................................................................................484 622.08 Planting, Backfilling, and Watering......................................................484

(a) Plants with Bare Roots ......................................................................... 485 (b) Balled and Burlapped Plants ................................................................ 485 (c) Seedlings for Wildlife Habitat ............................................................. 486

622.09 Liquid Fertilizer Application ................................................................486 622.10 Mulching ...............................................................................................486 622.11 Guying and Staking ..............................................................................486

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622.12 Plant Protection .....................................................................................486 (a) Borer Control Coatings ........................................................................ 486 (b) Wrapping for Rodent Protection .......................................................... 487

622.13 Retaining Walls and Tree Wells ...........................................................487 622.14 Tree Root Protection .............................................................................487 622.15 Pipe Underdrains ..................................................................................488 622.16 Damage to Plants ..................................................................................488 622.17 Grass and Weed Control .......................................................................488 622.18 Care, Inspection, and Replacement .......................................................488

(a) Care ...................................................................................................... 488 (b) Inspection and Replacement ................................................................ 489

622.19 Crown Vetch Plants and Seedlings .......................................................489 622.20 “Do Not Mow or Spray” Signs and “Do Not Disturb” Signs ...............490 622.21 Method of Measurement .......................................................................490 622.22 Basis of Payment ..................................................................................490

SECTION 623 – BLANK ........................................................................................491

SECTION 624 – BLANK ........................................................................................491

SECTION 625 – BLANK ........................................................................................491

SECTION 626 – BLANK ........................................................................................491

SECTION 627 – BLANK ........................................................................................491

SECTION 628 – FIELD OFFICE, FIELD LABORATORY, COMPUTER SYSTEM, COMPUTER SYSTEM EQUIPMENT, OFFICE MACHINES AND COMMUNICATIONS ................................492

628.01 Description ............................................................................................492 628.02 Field Office and Laboratory Requirements ..........................................492

(a) Field Office .......................................................................................... 492 (b) Field Office Equipment and Supplies .................................................. 494 (c) Computer System and Computer System Equipment .......................... 496

1. Computer System ............................................................................496 2. Computer System Equipment .........................................................497 3. Computer Software .........................................................................497 4. Miscellaneous Computer Requirements .........................................497

(d) Field Office Internet Service ................................................................ 498 (e) Field Office Machines .......................................................................... 498

1. Copier .............................................................................................498 2. Printer .............................................................................................498 3. Document Scanner ..........................................................................499 4. Miscellaneous Office Machine Requirements ................................499

(f) Field Laboratory ................................................................................... 499 628.03 Mobile Internet Service ........................................................................500 628.04 Cellular Telephones ..............................................................................500

(a) Type A ................................................................................................. 501

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(b) Type B ................................................................................................. 501 628.05 Method of Measurement .......................................................................501 628.06 Basis of Payment ..................................................................................502

SECTION 700 – STRUCTURES

SECTION 701 – DRIVEN PILING ........................................................................504 701.01 Description ............................................................................................504 701.02 Materials ...............................................................................................504 701.03 Handling of Epoxy Coated Piles ...........................................................504 701.04 Equipment for Driving Piles .................................................................505

(a) Approval of Pile Driving Equipment ................................................... 505 1. Dynamic Formula Method ..............................................................506 2. Wave Equation Analysis Method ...................................................506

(b) Pile Hammers ....................................................................................... 507 1. Gravity Hammers ............................................................................507 2. Single or Double Acting Steam and Air Hammers .........................507 3. Diesel Hammers ..............................................................................507 4. Hydraulic Hammers ........................................................................508 5. Vibratory Hammers ........................................................................508

(c) Pile Driving Aids ................................................................................. 508 1. Hammer Cushion ............................................................................508 2. Helmet ............................................................................................509 3. Pile Cushion ....................................................................................509 4. Leads ...............................................................................................509 5. Followers ........................................................................................510 6. Jets ..................................................................................................510 7. Collars .............................................................................................510 8. Pile Shoes, End Plates, and Conical Pile Tips ................................510

701.05 Nominal Driving Resistance of a Driven Pile .......................................511 (a) Dynamic Formula ................................................................................ 511 (b) Dynamic Pile Load Test....................................................................... 512

1. Scheduling ......................................................................................512 2. Dynamic Monitoring ......................................................................512 3. Restrike ...........................................................................................513 4. PDA on Local Public Agency Contract ..........................................513

(c) Static Load Test ................................................................................... 514 1. Load Test Procedure .......................................................................514 2. Hydraulic Jacks, Pressure Gauges, and Load Cell ..........................515 3. General Requirements ....................................................................516

701.06 Blank .....................................................................................................516 701.07 Piling Length ........................................................................................516 701.08 Nominal Driving Resistance of Production Piles .................................516 701.09 Preparation and Driving ........................................................................517

(a) Pilot Holes ............................................................................................ 518

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1. Preboring ........................................................................................518 2. Predrilling .......................................................................................518 3. Cored Hole in Rock ........................................................................519

(b) Location and Alignment Tolerance ...................................................... 519 (c) Heaved Piles ......................................................................................... 520 (d) Installation Sequence ........................................................................... 520 (e) Inspection ............................................................................................. 520 (f) Pouring Concrete .................................................................................. 520

701.10 Unsatisfactory Piles ..............................................................................520 701.11 Splicing Piles ........................................................................................521

(a) Steel Piles ............................................................................................. 521 (b) Timber Piles ......................................................................................... 521 (c) Concrete Piles ...................................................................................... 521

701.12 Blank .....................................................................................................521 701.13 Cut-Off Lengths ....................................................................................521 701.14 Method of Measurement .......................................................................522 701.15 Basis of Payment ..................................................................................522

SECTION 702 – STRUCTURAL CONCRETE .....................................................525 702.01 Description ............................................................................................525 702.02 Classes of Concrete...............................................................................525 702.03 Materials ...............................................................................................526 702.04 Shipping and Storage ............................................................................526 702.05 Proportioning ........................................................................................526 702.06 Measuring and Batching .......................................................................528

(a) Portland Cement ................................................................................... 528 (b) Water ................................................................................................... 529 (c) Aggregates ........................................................................................... 529 (d) Bins and Scales .................................................................................... 529 (e) Batching ............................................................................................... 530

702.07 Mixing ..................................................................................................530 702.08 Mixing at Site of Work .........................................................................530 702.09 Ready-Mixed Concrete .........................................................................531

(a) General Requirements .......................................................................... 531 (b) Mixers and Agitators ........................................................................... 532 (c) Mixing and Delivery ............................................................................ 533 (d) Non-Agitating Equipment .................................................................... 534

702.10 Pumping Concrete ................................................................................535 702.11 Cold Weather Concrete .........................................................................535 702.12 Consistency ...........................................................................................536 702.13 Forms ....................................................................................................536

(a) Construction ......................................................................................... 536 (b) Ties ...................................................................................................... 537 (c) Walls .................................................................................................... 537 (d) Surface Treatment ................................................................................ 538

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(e) Metal Forms ......................................................................................... 538 1. Removable ......................................................................................538 2. Permanent .......................................................................................538

(f) Blank .................................................................................................... 540 (g) Removal and Re-Use of Forms ............................................................ 540 (h) Test Beams ........................................................................................... 541

702.14 Falsework and Centering ......................................................................541 (a) Design and Construction ...................................................................... 542 (b) Removal ............................................................................................... 543

702.15 Joints .....................................................................................................544 (a) Construction Joints ............................................................................... 544 (b) Expansion Joints .................................................................................. 545 (c) Folded Metal Joints .............................................................................. 545 (d) Sliding Joints ....................................................................................... 545 (e) Polychloroprene Joint Membrane ........................................................ 545

702.16 Drainage Pipes Through Concrete Masonry .........................................545 702.17 Incased Pipes and Conduits ..................................................................546 702.18 Roadway Surface Drainage ..................................................................546 702.19 Pouring Bent Caps ................................................................................546 702.20 Placing Concrete ...................................................................................546

(a) General Requirements .......................................................................... 546 (b) Chutes and Troughs ............................................................................. 547 (c) Vibrating .............................................................................................. 548 (d) Depositing Concrete Under Water ....................................................... 548 (e) Placing Footing Concrete ..................................................................... 548 (f) Concrete Foundation Seal ..................................................................... 549

702.21 Finishing Concrete Surfaces .................................................................550 702.22 Curing Concrete ....................................................................................550

(a) Protective Covering Curing Methods ................................................... 551 1. Water Curing Method .....................................................................551 2. Membrane Forming Curing Compound ..........................................551

(b) Curing-Sealing Materials ..................................................................... 552 702.23 Waterproofing .......................................................................................553 702.24 Application of Loads to and Acceptance of New Concrete ..................553 702.25 Field Drilled Holes in Concrete ............................................................554 702.26 Artificial Lighting .................................................................................555 702.27 Method of Measurement .......................................................................555 702.28 Basis of Payment ..................................................................................555

SECTION 703 – REINFORCING BARS ...............................................................557 703.01 Description ............................................................................................557 703.02 Materials ...............................................................................................557 703.03 Bar List .................................................................................................557 703.04 Protection of Materials .........................................................................557 703.05 Bending .................................................................................................558

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703.06 Placing and Fastening ...........................................................................558 703.07 Method of Measurement .......................................................................559 703.08 Basis of Payment ..................................................................................560

SECTION 704 – CONCRETE FLOOR SLABS .....................................................561 704.01 Description ............................................................................................561 704.02 Materials ...............................................................................................561 704.03 Forms ....................................................................................................561 704.04 Placing Reinforcement and Concrete....................................................561 704.05 Finishing Concrete ................................................................................562 704.06 Curing ...................................................................................................564 704.07 Method of Measurement .......................................................................564 704.08 Basis of Payment ..................................................................................564

SECTION 705 – SIDEWALKS ON STRUCTURES .............................................565 705.01 Description ............................................................................................565 705.02 Materials ...............................................................................................565 705.03 Construction Requirements...................................................................565 705.04 Method of Measurement .......................................................................565 705.05 Basis of Payment ..................................................................................565

SECTION 706 – BRIDGE RAILINGS ...................................................................566 706.01 Description ............................................................................................566 706.02 Materials ...............................................................................................566 706.03 Concrete Railing ...................................................................................566 706.04 Concrete Railing With Reinforced Concrete Moment Slab ..................568 706.05 Steel Railings ........................................................................................568 706.06 Bridge Railing Pedestrian Fence ...........................................................568 706.07 Method of Measurement .......................................................................568 706.08 Basis of Payment ..................................................................................569

SECTION 707 – PRECAST AND PRECAST PRESTRESSED CONCRETE STRUCTURAL MEMBERS ......................................................570

707.01 Description ............................................................................................570 707.02 Materials ...............................................................................................570 707.03 General Requirements ..........................................................................571 707.04 Steel and Concrete Requirements .........................................................572

(a) Reinforcing Bars .................................................................................. 572 (b) Prestressing Strands ............................................................................. 572 (c) Concrete ............................................................................................... 573

1. Cold Weather Concrete ...................................................................573 2. Hot Weather Concrete ....................................................................573 3. Acceptance Testing .........................................................................573

(d) Other Requirements ............................................................................. 575 707.05 Forms ....................................................................................................576 707.06 Placing and Finishing Concrete ............................................................576

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707.07 Removal of Forms and Curing ..............................................................577 (a) Wet Curing without Supplemental Heat .............................................. 577 (b) Accelerated Curing .............................................................................. 578

707.08 Handling and Shipping .........................................................................579 707.09 Placing Structural Members..................................................................580 707.10 Blank .....................................................................................................581 707.11 Method of Measurement .......................................................................581 707.12 Basis of Payment ..................................................................................581

SECTION 708 – PNEUMATICALLY PLACED MORTAR .................................582 708.01 Description ............................................................................................582 708.02 Materials ...............................................................................................582 708.03 Preparing Surface..................................................................................582 708.04 Reinforcement ......................................................................................582 708.05 Proportioning and Mixing .....................................................................583 708.06 Placing Mortar ......................................................................................583 708.07 Finishing ...............................................................................................583 708.08 Method of Measurement .......................................................................584 708.09 Basis of Payment ..................................................................................584

SECTION 709 – PORTLAND CEMENT CONCRETE SEALERS .......................585 709.01 Description ............................................................................................585 709.02 Materials ...............................................................................................585 709.03 Surface Preparation ...............................................................................585 709.04 Environmental Requirements ...............................................................585

(a) General Requirements .......................................................................... 585 (b) Epoxy Penetrating Sealers ................................................................... 585 (c) Non-Epoxy PCC Sealers ...................................................................... 585 (d) Low Temperature Epoxy Penetrating Sealer ....................................... 586

709.05 Sealer Application ................................................................................586 (a) General Requirements .......................................................................... 586 (b) Epoxy Penetrating Sealer ..................................................................... 586 (c) Non-Epoxy PCC Sealers ...................................................................... 587 (d) Clear Sealers ........................................................................................ 587 (e) Alternate To Concrete Sealers ............................................................. 587

709.06 Safety Precautions ................................................................................588 709.07 Method of Measurement .......................................................................588 709.08 Basis of Payment ..................................................................................588

SECTION 710 – PATCHING CONCRETE STRUCTURES AND REPOINTING MASONRY IN STRUCTURES ........................588

710.01 Description ............................................................................................588 710.02 Materials ...............................................................................................588 710.03 Patching Concrete Structures ................................................................589

(a) Concrete Removal ................................................................................ 589 (b) Replacement of Reinforcement ............................................................ 590

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(c) Patching................................................................................................ 590 (d) Curing .................................................................................................. 590

710.04 Repointing Rubble Masonry .................................................................591 710.05 Repointing Dressed Stone and Brick Masonry .....................................591 710.06 Method of Measurement .......................................................................591 710.07 Basis of Payment ..................................................................................591

SECTION 711 – STEEL STRUCTURES ...............................................................592 711.01 Description ............................................................................................592 711.02 Materials ...............................................................................................592 711.03 General Requirements ..........................................................................593 711.04 Certification of Fabricators ...................................................................593

(a) General Information ............................................................................. 593 (b) Certification Categories ....................................................................... 594

1. Simple Bridges................................................................................594 2. Intermediate Bridges .......................................................................594 3. Advanced Bridges ...........................................................................594

711.05 Working Drawings................................................................................595 711.06 Storage of Materials ..............................................................................595 711.07 Mill Orders and Shipping Statements ...................................................595 711.08 Mill Test Reports ..................................................................................595 711.09 Notice of Beginning Work ....................................................................596 711.10 Facilities for Inspection ........................................................................596 711.11 Straightening Material ..........................................................................596 711.12 Finish ....................................................................................................596 711.13 Flame Cutting .......................................................................................597 711.14 Edge Planing .........................................................................................597 711.15 Abutting Joints ......................................................................................598 711.16 End Connection Angles ........................................................................598 711.17 Blank .....................................................................................................598 711.18 Blank .....................................................................................................598 711.19 Bent Plates ............................................................................................598 711.20 Fit of Stiffeners .....................................................................................599 711.21 Bolt Holes .............................................................................................599

(a) High Tensile Strength Bolts, and Unfinished Bolts ............................. 599 (b) Ribbed Bolts, Turned Bolts, or other Approved Bearing-

Type Bolts ............................................................................................ 600 711.22 Punched Holes ......................................................................................600 711.23 Reamed or Drilled Holes ......................................................................600 711.24 Subpunching and Reaming of Field Connections .................................601 711.25 Accuracy of Punched or Subdrilled Holes ............................................601 711.26 Accuracy of Reamed Holes and Holes Drilled Full Size ......................601 711.27 Fitting for Bolting .................................................................................601 711.28 Filler Plates ...........................................................................................601 711.29 Toothed Expansion Plates .....................................................................602

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711.30 Blank .....................................................................................................602 711.31 Peening Welds by Means of Ultrasonic Impact Treatment,

UIT .......................................................................................................602 711.32 Welds ....................................................................................................602

(a) AWS Requirements .............................................................................. 603 (b) Welding of High Performance Steel .................................................... 603 (c) Field Welding ....................................................................................... 605

711.33 Stud Shear Connectors ..........................................................................605 711.34 Annealing and Stress Relieving ............................................................605 711.35 Eyebars .................................................................................................605 711.36 Facing of Bearing Surfaces ...................................................................606 711.37 Pins and Rollers ....................................................................................606 711.38 Boring Pin Holes ..................................................................................606 711.39 Pin Clearances ......................................................................................606 711.40 Threads for Bolts and Pins ....................................................................607 711.41 Pilot and Driving Nuts ..........................................................................607 711.42 Finishing Cast Steel ..............................................................................607 711.43 Finished Members ................................................................................607 711.44 Shop Assembling ..................................................................................607

(a) Full Truss or Girder Assembly ............................................................. 608 (b) Progressive Beam or Girder Assembly ................................................ 608 (c) Full Chord Assembly ........................................................................... 608 (d) Progressive Chord Assembly ............................................................... 609 (e) Special Complete Structure Assembly ................................................. 609

711.45 Drifting of Holes ...................................................................................609 711.46 Match Marking .....................................................................................609 711.47 Shop Cleaning and Painting ..................................................................609 711.48 Shop Cleaning and Storage of Weathering Steel ..................................609

(a) Hot Rolled Products ............................................................................. 609 (b) Welded Area ........................................................................................ 610

711.49 Furnishing Bolts ...................................................................................610 711.50 Weighing of Members ..........................................................................610 711.51 Full Size Tests ......................................................................................610 711.52 Acceptance ............................................................................................610 711.53 Shipping ................................................................................................610 711.54 General Requirements ..........................................................................611 711.55 Delivery of Materials ............................................................................611 711.56 Handling and Storing ............................................................................611 711.57 Falsework..............................................................................................611 711.58 Bearings and Anchorages .....................................................................612 711.59 Field Straightening Material .................................................................612 711.60 Field Assembly of Steel ........................................................................612 711.61 Misfits ...................................................................................................613 711.62 Pin Connections ....................................................................................613 711.63 Blank .....................................................................................................613

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711.64 Diaphragm Connections .......................................................................613 711.65 Bolted Connections Using High Strength Bolts ...................................613

(a) General ................................................................................................. 613 (b) Bolts, Nuts, and Washers ..................................................................... 614 (c) Bolted Parts .......................................................................................... 614 (d) Installation ........................................................................................... 614

1. Bolt Tension ...................................................................................614 2. Washers ..........................................................................................615 3. Calibrated Wrench Tightening ........................................................615 4. Turn-of-Nut Tightening ..................................................................615

(e) Inspection ............................................................................................. 616 711.66 Bolted Connections Using Other Than High Strength Bolts ................617 711.67 Final Clean-Up .....................................................................................617 711.68 Structural Steel Cutting, Rivet and Bolt Removal, and

Drilled Bolt Holes in Repair Projects ...................................................617 711.69 Jacking and Supporting Beams .............................................................618 711.70 Field Cleaning and Storage of Weathering Steel ..................................618 711.71 Painting .................................................................................................618 711.72 Method of Measurement .......................................................................618 711.73 Basis of Payment ..................................................................................619

(a) Lump Sum Basis .................................................................................. 619 (b) Unit Weight Basis ................................................................................ 620

SECTION 712 – TIMBER STRUCTURES ............................................................621 712.01 Description ............................................................................................621 712.02 Materials ...............................................................................................621 712.03 General Requirements ..........................................................................622 712.04 Caps ......................................................................................................623 712.05 Stringers ................................................................................................624 712.06 Bents .....................................................................................................624 712.07 Wheel Guards and Railings ..................................................................624 712.08 Painting .................................................................................................624 712.09 Single-Ply Plank Floors ........................................................................625 712.10 Two-Ply Plank Floors ...........................................................................625 712.11 Method of Measurement .......................................................................625 712.12 Basis of Payment ..................................................................................625

SECTION 713 – TEMPORARY BRIDGES AND APPROACHES .......................626 713.01 Description ............................................................................................626 713.02 Materials ...............................................................................................626 713.03 General Requirements ..........................................................................626 713.04 Temporary Bridge .................................................................................626 713.05 Temporary Pipe ....................................................................................627

(a) Corrugated Steel Circular Pipe ............................................................. 627 (b) Corrugated Steel Pipe-Arch, 3 in. by 1 in. Corrugations ..................... 627 (c) Structural Plate Pipe-Arch 6 in. by 2 in. Corrugations ......................... 627

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713.06 Temporary Approaches ........................................................................627 713.07 Maintenance ..........................................................................................628 713.08 Removal ................................................................................................628 713.09 Method of Measurement .......................................................................628 713.10 Basis of Payment ..................................................................................628

SECTION 714 – REINFORCED CONCRETE BOX STRUCTURES ...................629 714.01 Description ............................................................................................629 714.02 Materials ...............................................................................................629 714.03 General Requirements ..........................................................................631 714.04 Design Requirements ............................................................................631

(a) Box Structure ....................................................................................... 631 (b) Concrete Headwalls, Wingwalls, and Footings ................................... 632 (c) Working Drawings ............................................................................... 632

714.05 Erection Requirements ..........................................................................633 714.06 Precast Concrete Headwalls, Wingwalls, and Footings ........................634

(a) Headwall Reinforcement Placement Relative to Top of Structure ............................................................................................... 634

(b) Wingwall Placement ............................................................................ 634 714.07 Rejection ...............................................................................................635 714.08 Repairs ..................................................................................................635 714.09 Extension of Existing Structure ............................................................635

(a) Precast Reinforced Concrete Box Structure Extension ........................ 636 (b) Cast-In-Place Concrete Structure Extension ........................................ 636

714.10 Precast Reinforced-Concrete Box Structure Section Joints ..................637 714.11 Method of Measurement .......................................................................637 714.12 Basis of Payment ..................................................................................637

SECTION 715 – PIPE CULVERTS, AND STORM AND SANITARY SEWERS .....................................................................................639

715.01 Description ............................................................................................639 715.02 Materials ...............................................................................................639

(a) Type 1 Pipe .......................................................................................... 640 (b) Type 2 Pipe .......................................................................................... 640 (c) Type 3 Pipe .......................................................................................... 641 (d) Type 4 Pipe .......................................................................................... 641 (e) Type 5 Pipe .......................................................................................... 641 (f) Slotted Drain Pipe ................................................................................. 642 (g) Slotted Vane Drain Pipe....................................................................... 642 (h) End Bent Drain Pipe ............................................................................ 642 (i) Underdrain Outlet Pipe ......................................................................... 642 (j) Grated Box End Sections ...................................................................... 642 (k) Pipe End Sections ................................................................................ 642 (l) Roadway Drain Casting Extensions ...................................................... 642 (m) Drainage Pipe through Concrete Masonry .......................................... 642 (n) Bridge Deck Drain System .................................................................. 643

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715.03 General Requirements ..........................................................................643 715.04 Excavation ............................................................................................643 715.05 Laying Pipe ...........................................................................................644 715.06 Joining Pipe ..........................................................................................645 715.07 Tee and Stub-Tee Connections .............................................................645 715.08 Blank .....................................................................................................646 715.09 Backfilling ............................................................................................646 715.10 Pipe End Sections, Anchors, Grated Box End Sections, and

Safety Metal End Sections ....................................................................648 715.11 Re-Laid Pipe .........................................................................................649 715.12 Pavement Replacement .........................................................................649 715.13 Method of Measurement .......................................................................649 715.14 Basis of Payment ..................................................................................651

SECTION 716 – TRENCHLESS PIPE INSTALLATION .....................................654 716.01 Description ............................................................................................654

(a) Auger Boring ....................................................................................... 654 (b) Carrier Pipe .......................................................................................... 654 (c) Casing Pipe .......................................................................................... 654 (d) Drive Shaft ........................................................................................... 655 (e) Guided Boring ...................................................................................... 655 (f) Horizontal Directional Drilling ............................................................ 655 (g) Microtunneling .................................................................................... 655 (h) Pipe Jacking ......................................................................................... 655 (i) Pipe Ramming ...................................................................................... 655 (j) Reception Shaft ..................................................................................... 655 (k) Response Levels .................................................................................. 655 (l) Spoils .................................................................................................... 655

716.02 Materials ...............................................................................................656 716.03 General Requirements ..........................................................................656 716.04 Method of Measurement .......................................................................658 716.05 Basis of Payment ..................................................................................658

SECTION 717 – STRUCTURAL PLATE PIPE, PIPE-ARCHES, AND ARCHES ...........................................................................659

717.01 Description ............................................................................................659 717.02 Materials ...............................................................................................659 717.03 General Requirements ..........................................................................659 717.04 Backfill .................................................................................................660 717.05 Relaid Pipe and Pipe-Arch ....................................................................661 717.06 Blank .....................................................................................................661 717.07 Concrete Paved Inverts .........................................................................661 717.08 Method of Measurement .......................................................................661 717.09 Basis of Payment ..................................................................................662

SECTION 718 – UNDERDRAINS .........................................................................663

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718.01 Description ............................................................................................663 718.02 Materials ...............................................................................................663 718.03 Pipe Installation ....................................................................................663

(a) Locations Outside MSE Wall Ground Reinforcement Limits ................................................................................................... 663

(b) Underdrains Within MSE Wall Ground Reinforcement Limits ................................................................................................... 664

718.04 Geotextile..............................................................................................664 718.05 Underdrain Outlets................................................................................664 718.06 Underdrain Outlet Protectors ................................................................664 718.07 Video Inspection ...................................................................................664 718.08 Patching Underdrains ............................................................................665 718.09 Method of Measurement .......................................................................665 718.10 Basis of Payment ..................................................................................666

SECTION 719 – TILE DRAINS .............................................................................667 719.01 Description ............................................................................................667 719.02 Materials ...............................................................................................667 719.03 Trench Excavation ................................................................................668 719.04 Laying Tile ...........................................................................................668 719.05 Backfilling ............................................................................................669 719.06 Blank .....................................................................................................669 719.07 Method of Measurement .......................................................................669 719.08 Basis of Payment ..................................................................................669

SECTION 720 – MANHOLES, INLETS, AND CATCH BASINS ........................670 720.01 Description ............................................................................................670 720.02 Materials ...............................................................................................670 720.03 General Requirements ..........................................................................670 720.04 Grade Adjustment of Existing Structures .............................................673 720.05 Capping Existing Structures .................................................................674 720.06 Method of Measurement .......................................................................674 720.07 Basis of Payment ..................................................................................674

SECTION 721 – AUTOMATIC DRAINAGE GATES ..........................................676 721.01 Description ............................................................................................676 721.02 Materials ...............................................................................................676 721.03 Construction Requirements...................................................................676 721.04 Method of Measurement .......................................................................676 721.05 Basis of Payment ..................................................................................676

SECTION 722 – LATEX MODIFIED CONCRETE BRIDGE DECK OVERLAYS ...............................................................................677

722.01 Description ............................................................................................677 722.02 Materials ...............................................................................................677 722.03 Storage and Handling of Materials .......................................................677

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722.04 Proportioning ........................................................................................677 722.05 Preparation of the Bridge Floor ............................................................678

(a) Concrete Removal ................................................................................ 678 1. Deck Surface ...................................................................................678 2. Bridge Floor ....................................................................................679

(b) Cleaning ............................................................................................... 680 722.06 Patching of the Bridge Floor .................................................................680

(a) Full Depth Patching ............................................................................. 680 1. Patching with Bridge Deck Patching Concrete ...............................680 2. Patching with Latex Modified Concrete .........................................680

(b) Partial Depth Patching ......................................................................... 680 1. Patching with Bridge Deck Patching Concrete ...............................681 2. Patching with Latex Modified Concrete .........................................681

722.07 Overlay Dam .........................................................................................681 722.08 Mixing ..................................................................................................681 722.09 Placing and Finishing ...........................................................................682 722.10 Texturing ..............................................................................................683 722.11 Curing ...................................................................................................683 722.12 Calibration of Continuous Mixers ........................................................684

(a) Frequency ............................................................................................. 684 (b) Equipment ............................................................................................ 685 (c) Pre-calibration ...................................................................................... 685 (d) Calibration ........................................................................................... 685

1. Cement Meter .................................................................................685 2. Water Flow Meter ...........................................................................686 3. Aggregate Bin Gates .......................................................................686 4. Latex Throttling Valve ...................................................................686 5. Admixture Dispensers ....................................................................686

722.13 Patching an Existing Bridge Deck Overlay ..........................................686 (a) Materials .............................................................................................. 686 (b) Storage and Handling of Materials ...................................................... 687 (c) Proportioning ....................................................................................... 687 (d) Preparation of the Bridge Floor ........................................................... 687 (e) Patching................................................................................................ 687 (f) Mixing .................................................................................................. 687 (g) Placing and Finishing ........................................................................... 687 (h) Texturing .............................................................................................. 687 (i) Curing ................................................................................................... 687 (j) Calibration of Continuous Mixers ........................................................ 687


SECTION 723 – REINFORCED CONCRETE THREE-SIDED

STRUCTURES ...........................................................................690 723.01 Description ............................................................................................690

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723.02 Materials ...............................................................................................690 723.03 General Requirements ..........................................................................692 723.04 Design Requirements ............................................................................692

(a) Placement of Reinforcement ................................................................ 692 (b) Splicing and Spacing of Reinforcement ............................................... 693 (c) Working Drawings ............................................................................... 693

723.05 Manufacture ..........................................................................................694 723.06 Rejection ...............................................................................................695 723.07 Repairs ..................................................................................................695 723.08 Trench Compaction ..............................................................................695 723.09 Footings ................................................................................................695 723.10 Pedestals ...............................................................................................696 723.11 Placement of Structure Sections and Wingwalls ..................................696 723.12 Extension of Existing Structure ............................................................697

(a) Precast Reinforced Concrete Three-Sided Structure Extension .............................................................................................. 698

(b) Cast-In-Place Concrete Three-Sided Structure Extension ................... 698 723.13 Blank .....................................................................................................698 723.14 Joints .....................................................................................................698 723.15 Backfilling ............................................................................................699 723.16 Scour Protection ...................................................................................699 723.17 Method of Measurement .......................................................................699 723.18 Basis of Payment ..................................................................................700

SECTION 724 – STRUCTURAL EXPANSION JOINTS ......................................702 724.01 Description ............................................................................................702

(a) Structural Expansion Joint ................................................................... 702 (b) Replacement of Existing Structural Expansion Joint ........................... 702 (c) Replacement of Existing Structural Expansion Joint Seal ................... 702

724.02 Materials ...............................................................................................702 (a) Expansion Joint SS ............................................................................... 702 (b) Expansion Joint M ............................................................................... 702

724.03 General Requirements ..........................................................................703 (a) Replacement of Existing Structural Expansion Joint ........................... 703 (b) Replacement of Existing Structural Expansion Joint Seal ................... 703


SECTION 725 – SLIP LINING OF EXISTING PIPE ............................................704 725.01 Description ............................................................................................704 725.02 Materials ...............................................................................................704 725.03 Right-of-Entry Areas ............................................................................705 725.04 Quality Control .....................................................................................706 725.05 Filling of Cavities Outside of the Existing Pipe ...................................706 725.06 Joining Liner Pipe .................................................................................706

(a) Welder, Butt Fuser, or Joiner Joint Testing.......................................... 706

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(b) Solid Wall HDPE Liner Pipe ............................................................... 707 (c) Profile Wall HDPE Liner Pipe ............................................................. 707

725.07 Cellular Concrete Grout ........................................................................707 725.08 Liner Pipe Installation ...........................................................................708 725.09 Method of Measurement .......................................................................709 725.10 Basis of Payment ..................................................................................710

SECTION 726 – BEARING ASSEMBLIES ...........................................................711 726.01 Description ............................................................................................711 726.02 Materials ...............................................................................................711 726.03 Construction Requirements...................................................................711 726.04 Method of Measurement .......................................................................712 726.05 Basis of Payment ..................................................................................712

SECTION 727 – STRUCTURAL CONCRETE REPAIR BY EPOXY INJECTION ................................................................................712

727.01 Description ............................................................................................712 727.02 Materials ...............................................................................................712 727.03 Approvals..............................................................................................713 727.04 Construction Requirements...................................................................713 727.05 Method of Measurement .......................................................................713 727.06 Basis of Payment ..................................................................................713

SECTION 728 – BLANK ........................................................................................714

SECTION 729 – BLANK ........................................................................................714

SECTION 730 – BLANK ........................................................................................714

SECTION 731 – MECHANICALLY STABILIZED EARTH RETAINING WALLS ................................................................714

731.01 Description ............................................................................................714 731.02 General Design Requirements ..............................................................714 731.03 Design Criteria ......................................................................................715

(a) Geotechnical Considerations ................................................................ 716 (b) Height of Wall ..................................................................................... 716 (c) Ground Reinforcement ......................................................................... 717 (d) Other Criteria ....................................................................................... 717

1. Traffic Load Considerations ...........................................................717 2. Traffic Impact Considerations ........................................................717 3. Tributary Area – Design Basis ........................................................718

731.04 Submittals .............................................................................................718 731.05 Materials ...............................................................................................720 731.06 General Requirements ..........................................................................721 731.07 Foundation Preparation .........................................................................721 731.08 Retaining Wall Excavation ...................................................................722 731.09 Wall Erection ........................................................................................722 731.10 Joint Spacers and Joint Covering for Wall Panels ................................723

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731.11 Backfill Placement ................................................................................723 731.12 Method of Measurement .......................................................................724 731.13 Basis of Payment ..................................................................................725

SECTION 732 – MODULAR CONCRETE BLOCK RETAINING WALL ..........726 732.01 Description ............................................................................................726 732.02 General Design Requirements ..............................................................726 732.03 Design Criteria ......................................................................................727

(a) Geotechnical Considerations ................................................................ 727 (b) Height of Wall for Internal Stability .................................................... 728 (c) Ground Reinforcement ......................................................................... 728

732.04 Submittals .............................................................................................729 732.05 Materials ...............................................................................................730

(a) Concrete Modular Block Wall Units .................................................... 731 1. Testing and Inspection ....................................................................731 2. Rejection .........................................................................................732 3. Marking ..........................................................................................732 4. Handling, Storage, and Shipping ....................................................733

(b) Blank .................................................................................................... 733 732.06 General Requirements ..........................................................................733 732.07 Foundation Preparation .........................................................................733 732.08 Retaining Wall Excavation ...................................................................733 732.09 Wall Erection ........................................................................................733 732.10 Backfill Placement ................................................................................734 732.11 Method of Measurement .......................................................................734 732.12 Stockpiled Modular Block Units ..........................................................734 732.13 Basis of Payment ..................................................................................734

SECTION 733 – STEEL BIN-TYPE RETAINING WALL ...................................735 733.01 Description ............................................................................................735 733.02 Materials ...............................................................................................735 733.03 General .................................................................................................736 733.04 Foundation Preparation .........................................................................736 733.05 Retaining Wall Excavation ...................................................................736 733.06 Backfill Placement ................................................................................736 733.07 Method of Measurement .......................................................................737 733.08 Basis of Payment ..................................................................................737

SECTION 734 – PERMANENT EARTH RETENTION SYSTEM FOR CUT-WALL APPLICATION ...........................................737

734.01 Description ............................................................................................737 734.02 Contractor Design Requirements ..........................................................738

(a) Design Calculations ............................................................................. 738 (b) Working Drawings ............................................................................... 739 (c) Submittals ............................................................................................ 741

1. Personnel Qualifications .................................................................741

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2. Verification Testing Program .........................................................741 734.03 Materials ...............................................................................................741 734.04 General Requirements ..........................................................................742 734.05 Performance Monitoring During Construction .....................................742 734.06 Performance Monitoring After Construction ........................................742 734.07 Method of Measurement .......................................................................743 734.08 Basis of Payment ..................................................................................743

SECTION 735 – TEMPORARY WIRE-FACED MECHANICALLY STABILIZED EARTH RETAINING WALLS ..........................743

735.01 Description ............................................................................................743 735.02 General Design Requirements ..............................................................743 735.03 Design Criteria ......................................................................................744 735.04 Submittals .............................................................................................744 735.05 Materials ...............................................................................................744 735.06 General Requirements ..........................................................................745 735.07 Wall Erection ........................................................................................745 735.08 Method of Measurement .......................................................................746 735.09 Basis of Payment ..................................................................................746

SECTION 736 – BLANK ........................................................................................747

SECTION 737 - WELDED WIRE REINFORCEMENT, WWR ............................747 737.01 Description ............................................................................................747 737.02 Materials ...............................................................................................747 737.03 Design Requirements ............................................................................748 737.04 Working Drawings................................................................................748 737.05 Fabrication ............................................................................................748 737.06 Handling and Storage ...........................................................................748 737.07 Placing and Securing ............................................................................749 737.08 Repair of Coated WWR ........................................................................749

(a) Epoxy-Coated ...................................................................................... 749 (b) Galvanized ........................................................................................... 750

737.09 Final Inspection ....................................................................................750 737.10 Method of Measurement .......................................................................750 737.11 Basis of Payment ..................................................................................750

SECTION 800 – TRAFFIC CONTROL DEVICES AND LIGHTING

SECTION 801 – TRAFFIC CONTROLS FOR CONSTRUCTION AND MAINTENANCE OPERATIONS ..............................................751

801.01 Description ............................................................................................751 801.02 Materials ...............................................................................................751 801.03 General Requirements ..........................................................................752 801.04 Construction Signs ................................................................................754

(a) Type A ................................................................................................. 755 (b) Type B ................................................................................................. 755

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(c) Type C .................................................................................................. 755 (d) Type D ................................................................................................. 755 (e) Temporary Panel Sign .......................................................................... 755

801.05 Detour Route Marker Assembly ...........................................................755 801.06 Road Closure Sign Assembly ...............................................................756 801.07 Barricades .............................................................................................756

(a) Type III-A Barricade ............................................................................ 756 (b) Type III-B Barricade ............................................................................ 756 (c) Permanent Type III Barricade .............................................................. 756

801.08 Cones and Tubular Markers ..................................................................757 801.09 Drums ...................................................................................................757 801.10 Temporary Traffic Barriers ...................................................................758

(a) Placement ............................................................................................. 759 (b) Connection ........................................................................................... 759 (c) Anchorage ............................................................................................ 760 (d) Delineation ........................................................................................... 760 (e) End Treatment ...................................................................................... 761 (f) Storage .................................................................................................. 761

801.10.1 Construction Zone Energy Absorbing Terminal, CZ .........................761 801.11 Temporary Crossovers ..........................................................................762 801.12 Temporary Pavement Marking .............................................................763

(a) Temporary Pavement Marking Methods .............................................. 764 1. Paint ................................................................................................764 2. Temporary Pavement Marking Tape ..............................................764 3. Temporary Raised Pavement Marker .............................................764 4. Temporary Buzz Strips ...................................................................765

(b) Quality Assurance Unit ........................................................................ 765 801.13 Temporary Illumination ........................................................................765 801.14 Construction Warning Lights ................................................................765

(a) Type A ................................................................................................. 765 (b) Type B ................................................................................................. 766 (c) Type C .................................................................................................. 766 (d) Vehicle Warning Lights ....................................................................... 766

801.15 Electronic Devices ................................................................................766 (a) Flashing Arrow Sign ............................................................................ 766 (b) Portable Changeable Message Signs, PCMS ....................................... 766 (c) Temporary Worksite Speed Limit Sign Assembly ............................... 767 (d) Temporary Traffic Signals ................................................................... 767

1. Fixed Temporary Signals ................................................................768 2. Portable Signals ..............................................................................768

801.16 Temporary Traffic Control Zone ..........................................................769 (a) Temporary Mounted Construction Signs ............................................. 769 (b) Maintenance of Traffic for Mobile Operations .................................... 769 (c) Traffic Control for Temporary Traffic Stoppage ................................. 769

1. On Multi-Lane Divided Highways .................................................770

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2. On Non-Divided Highways ............................................................770 801.17 Method of Measurement .......................................................................770 801.18 Basis of Payment ..................................................................................771

SECTION 802 – SIGNS ..........................................................................................777 802.01 Description ............................................................................................777 802.02 Materials ...............................................................................................777 802.03 Location of Signs and Sign Structures ..................................................778 802.04 Working Drawings................................................................................778 802.05 Excavation and Backfill ........................................................................778 802.06 Placing Concrete ...................................................................................778 802.07 Installing Supports ................................................................................779

(a) Posts ..................................................................................................... 779 (b) Overhead Sign Structures .................................................................... 779

1. Trusses ............................................................................................780 2. Monotube ........................................................................................780 3. Cantilever Arms ..............................................................................781 4. Bridge Brackets ..............................................................................781

802.08 Installing Signs .....................................................................................781 (a) Sheet Signs ........................................................................................... 781 (b) Panel Signs ........................................................................................... 781

802.09 Removal or Relocation of Signs or Support Assemblies ......................782 802.10 Roadway and Bridge Reference Signs ..................................................782 802.11 Method of Measurement .......................................................................782 802.12 Basis of Payment ..................................................................................783

SECTION 803 – WELDING ALUMINUM ALLOYS ...........................................786 803.01 Description ............................................................................................786 803.02 Materials ...............................................................................................786 803.03 Welding Processes ................................................................................787

(a) Preparation of Materials ....................................................................... 787 (b) Welding Procedure .............................................................................. 787 (c) Weld Quality ........................................................................................ 788 (d) Inspection ............................................................................................. 789 (e) Corrections ........................................................................................... 789

1. Cracks in Welds or Base Metal .......................................................789 2. Excessive Porosity and Lack of Fusion ..........................................789 3. Copper or Tungsten Inclusions .......................................................789 4. Excessive Concavity of Crater, Undercut and Undersize Weld ..............................................................................789 5. Overlap ...........................................................................................789

803.04 Qualification of Procedures, Welders, and Welding Operators ..............................................................................................789

SECTION 804 – DELINEATORS ..........................................................................790 804.01 Description ............................................................................................790

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804.02 Materials ...............................................................................................790 804.03 Delineator Visibility .............................................................................790 804.04 Posts ......................................................................................................791 804.05 Flexible Delineator Posts ......................................................................791 804.06 Method of Measurement .......................................................................791 804.07 Basis of Payment ..................................................................................791

SECTION 805 – TRAFFIC SIGNALS ...................................................................791 805.01 Description ............................................................................................791 805.02 Materials ...............................................................................................791 805.03 General Requirements ..........................................................................792 805.04 Pole Installation ....................................................................................795 805.05 Placing Signal Heads ............................................................................795 805.06 Grounding .............................................................................................796 805.07 Wire and Cable Installations .................................................................796 805.08 Controller Cabinet, Signal Service, and Detector Housing

Installation ............................................................................................797 805.09 Loop Wire Detector Installation ...........................................................798

(a) Layout .................................................................................................. 798 (b) Installation ........................................................................................... 799 (c) Splices .................................................................................................. 799 (d) Testing and Acceptance ....................................................................... 800

1. Electrical Testing ............................................................................800 2. Delay Amplifier Settings and Vehicle Simulator Test ....................801 3. Acceptance Criteria ........................................................................802

805.10 Other Vehicle Detection Systems .........................................................802 805.11 Steel Conduit ........................................................................................802 805.12 PVC, HDPE, and Fiberglass Conduit ...................................................803 805.13 Foundations ..........................................................................................803 805.14 Final Clean-Up .....................................................................................804 805.15 Method of Measurement .......................................................................804 805.16 Basis of Payment ..................................................................................805

SECTION 806 – BLANK ........................................................................................809

SECTION 807 – HIGHWAY ILLUMINATION ....................................................809 807.01 Description ............................................................................................809 807.02 Materials ...............................................................................................810 807.03 Working Drawings................................................................................810 807.04 Excavation ............................................................................................812

(a) Trench Excavation ............................................................................... 812 (b) Foundation Excavation ........................................................................ 812 (c) Landscape Replacement ....................................................................... 812

807.05 Backfilling ............................................................................................812 807.06 Placing Conduit ....................................................................................813 807.07 Connections in Base of Lighting Standards ..........................................814

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807.08 Placing Wire and Cable ........................................................................815 (a) Underground Through Cable-duct ....................................................... 815

1. Cable-duct .......................................................................................815 2. Cable Markers .................................................................................816

(b) Underground Through Conduit ............................................................ 816 1. Cable-duct .......................................................................................816 2. Cable Markers .................................................................................816

(c) In Conduit Risers ................................................................................. 816 (d) Through Conduit in Bridge Coping ..................................................... 817 (e) Aerial Cable ......................................................................................... 817

807.09 Lighting Handholes ..............................................................................817 807.10 Concrete Foundations For Lighting Standards .....................................818

(a) Cast-in-Place Foundations ................................................................... 818 (b) Precast Foundations ............................................................................. 818 (c) Grading of Foundations ....................................................................... 818

807.11 Placing Lighting Standards ...................................................................819 (a) Lighting Standards Under 80 ft in Height ............................................ 819 (b) High Mast Lighting Standards of 80 ft Height and Over ..................... 819

807.12 Grounding .............................................................................................820 807.13 Luminaires ............................................................................................821

(a) Installation ............................................................................................ 821 1. Roadway Luminaires ......................................................................821 2. Sign Luminaires ..............................................................................822 3. Underpass Luminaires ....................................................................822 4. High Mast Luminaires ....................................................................822

(b) Warranty .............................................................................................. 823 807.14 Sign, Underpass, Roadway, High Mast Lighting Location,

and Luminaire Identification ................................................................823 807.15 Service Point Power Entry ....................................................................824

(a) Types of Service Points ........................................................................ 824 1. Type I Service Point .......................................................................824 2. Type II Service Point ......................................................................824

(b) Sign and Underpass Circuits ................................................................ 824 (c) Multiple Relay Switches ...................................................................... 825

807.16 Testing of Highway Lighting System ...................................................825 (a) Testing Lighting Circuitry.................................................................... 825 (b) Testing and Inspecting Luminaires ...................................................... 826

807.17 Pay Item and Installation Summary Sheets...........................................826 807.18 Method of Measurement .......................................................................826 807.19 Basis of Payment ..................................................................................827

SECTION 808 – PAVEMENT TRAFFIC MARKINGS ........................................829 808.01 Description ............................................................................................829 808.02 Materials ...............................................................................................829 808.03 General Requirements ..........................................................................830

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808.04 Longitudinal Markings .........................................................................830 (a) Center Lines ......................................................................................... 831 (b) Lane Lines ........................................................................................... 831 (c) Edge Lines ........................................................................................... 831 (d) Barrier Lines ........................................................................................ 831

808.05 Transverse Markings and Pavement Message Markings ......................832 (a) Transverse Markings ............................................................................ 832 (b) Pavement Message Markings .............................................................. 832

808.06 Curb Markings ......................................................................................832 808.07 Pavement Marking Material Application, Equipment, and

Performance Requirements ...................................................................832 (a) Traffic Paint ......................................................................................... 834

1. Application .....................................................................................834 2. Equipment .......................................................................................834 3. Performance Requirements .............................................................835

(b) Durable Pavement Marking Material ................................................... 835 1. Grooving for Durable Pavement Markings .....................................835 2. Thermoplastic .................................................................................836 3. Preformed Plastic ............................................................................837 4. Multi-Component ...........................................................................837

808.08 Marking Protection and Maintenance of Traffic ...................................838 (a) Vehicle Signs ....................................................................................... 838 (b) Vehicle Warning Lights ....................................................................... 838 (c) Cones ................................................................................................... 838 (d) Front Escort Vehicles ........................................................................... 838 (e) Marking Application Vehicles ............................................................. 839 (f) Rear Escort Vehicles ............................................................................ 839

808.09 Warranty for Durable Pavement Marking Material ..............................839 (a) Surface Applied Durable Pavement Marking Warranty ...................... 839 (b) Grooved Durable Pavement Marking Warranty .................................. 840

808.10 Removal of Pavement Markings ...........................................................840 808.11 Snowplowable Raised Pavement Markers ............................................841

(a) Surface Preparation .............................................................................. 841 (b) Location ............................................................................................... 841 (c) Reflector Color ..................................................................................... 841 (d) Installation ........................................................................................... 841 (e) Removal of Markers ............................................................................. 842 (f) Replacement of Prismatic Reflectors .................................................... 842


SECTION 809 – ITS CONTROLLER CABINETS AND FOUNDATIONS .........845 809.01 Description ............................................................................................845 809.02 Materials ...............................................................................................845 809.03 General .................................................................................................845

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809.04 Grounding .............................................................................................845 809.05 Cabinet Wiring .....................................................................................846 809.06 Field Testing .........................................................................................846 809.07 Clean-Up ...............................................................................................846 809.08 Method of Measurement .......................................................................847 809.09 Basis of Payment ..................................................................................847

SECTION 900 – MATERIALS DETAILS

SECTION 901 – PCC MATERIALS ......................................................................848 901.01 Hydraulic Cement .................................................................................848

(a) General ................................................................................................. 848 (b) Portland Cement .................................................................................. 848

1. Requirements ..................................................................................848 2. Acceptance Criteria ........................................................................849

(c) Masonry Cement .................................................................................. 851 901.02 Fly Ash Used as a Pozzolan ..................................................................851

(a) General ................................................................................................. 851 (b) Acceptance Criteria .............................................................................. 851

1. Requirements ..................................................................................852 2. Test and Calibration Procedure .......................................................852 3. Documentation ................................................................................852

901.03 Ground Granulated Blast Furnace Slag Used As a Pozzolan................853 (a) General ................................................................................................. 853 (b) Acceptance Criteria .............................................................................. 854

1. Requirements ..................................................................................854 2. Test and Calibration Procedure .......................................................854 3. Documentation ................................................................................854

901.04 Silica Fume Used As a Pozzolanic Mineral Admixture........................855 (a) General ................................................................................................. 855 (b) Acceptance Criteria .............................................................................. 856

1. Requirements ..................................................................................856 2. Frequency of Testing ......................................................................856 3. Test and Calibration Procedure .......................................................857 4. Documentation ................................................................................857

901.05 Chemical Anchor System .....................................................................858 (a) Requirements ....................................................................................... 858 (b) Laboratory Testing ............................................................................... 858

901.06 PCC Sealer/Healers ..............................................................................858 (a) Requirements ....................................................................................... 858 (b) Laboratory Testing ............................................................................... 859

901.07 Rapid Setting Patch Materials ...............................................................859 (a) Normal Weather Mixes ........................................................................ 859 (b) Hot Weather Mixes .............................................................................. 859 (c) Requirements ....................................................................................... 859

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(d) Test Report ........................................................................................... 860 901.08 Packaged, Dry, Combined Materials for Mortar and

Concrete ................................................................................................861 901.09 Air-Cooled Blast Furnace Slag for Retaining Walls .............................861 901.10 Components of MSE Retaining Walls ..................................................862

(a) PCC Components ................................................................................. 862 1. Face Panels .....................................................................................862 2. Coping ............................................................................................865

(b) Joint Spacers and Joint Covering ......................................................... 865

SECTION 902 – ASPHALT MATERIALS ............................................................865 902.01 Asphalt ..................................................................................................865

(a) Performance Graded Asphalt Binders .................................................. 865 1. Lots and Sublots .............................................................................867 2. Sampling .........................................................................................867 3. PG Binder Testing ..........................................................................867 4. Appeals ...........................................................................................867

(b) Asphalt Emulsions ............................................................................... 868 (c) Cutback Asphalts ................................................................................. 872

1. Medium Curing Asphalts With and Without Additives ..................872 2. Slow Curing Asphalts With and Without Additives .......................873

(d) Utility Asphalt ..................................................................................... 873 (e) Asphalt for Coating Corrugated Metal Pipe ......................................... 873

902.02 Sampling and Testing Asphalt Materials ..............................................874 902.03 Application Temperatures ....................................................................879

SECTION 903 – CLASSIFICATION OF SOILS ...................................................880 903.01 Definitions ............................................................................................880 903.02 Soils Having 0% to 19% Retained on No. 10 (2.00 mm)

Sieve .....................................................................................................880 903.03 Soils Having 20% or More Retained on No 10 (2.00 mm)

Sieve and More Than 20% Passing No. 200 (75 µm) Sieve .................881 903.04 Soils Having 20% or More Retained on No. 10 (2.00 mm)

Sieve and Less Than 20% Passing No. 200 (75 µm) Sieve ..................881 903.05 Organic Soils ........................................................................................881 903.06 Marly Soils ...........................................................................................881

SECTION 904 – AGGREGATES ...........................................................................882 904.01 Aggregates ............................................................................................882 904.02 Fine Aggregates ....................................................................................884

(a) For Portland Cement Concrete ............................................................. 884 (b) For HMA Mixtures .............................................................................. 884 (c) For SMA Mixtures ............................................................................... 885 (d) For Pneumatically Placed Mortar ........................................................ 885 (e) Mortar Sand ......................................................................................... 885 (f) Mineral Filler for SMA ........................................................................ 885

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(g) Snow and Ice Abrasives ....................................................................... 886 (h) Sizes of Fine Aggregates ..................................................................... 886 (i) Sampling and Testing ........................................................................... 886

904.03 Coarse Aggregates ................................................................................887 (a) Classification of Aggregates ................................................................ 888 (b) Coarse Aggregate Angularity for HMA and SMA .............................. 890 (c) Flat and Elongated ............................................................................... 890 (d) Surface Aggregate Requirements......................................................... 890

1. HMA Coarse Aggregate .................................................................890 2. SMA Coarse Aggregate ..................................................................891

(e) Sizes of Coarse Aggregates .................................................................. 892 (f) Sampling and Testing ........................................................................... 894

904.04 Riprap ...................................................................................................894 (a) Dumped Riprap .................................................................................... 894 (b) Grouted Riprap .................................................................................... 894 (c) Revetment, Class 1, and Class 2 Riprap ............................................... 894 (d) Uniform Riprap .................................................................................... 895 (e) Precast Concrete Riprap ....................................................................... 895 (f) Sizes of Riprap ..................................................................................... 895

904.05 Structure Backfill ..................................................................................895 904.06 Exceptions to AASHTO Standard Methods .........................................896

(a) Exceptions to AASHTO T 2 ................................................................ 896 (b) Exceptions to AASHTO T 11, T 27, and T 37 ..................................... 896 (c) Exceptions to AASHTO T 27 for Coarse Aggregates .......................... 896 (d) Exceptions to AASHTO T 85 .............................................................. 897 (e) Exceptions to AASHTO T 103 and 104 ............................................... 897

SECTION 905 – MASONRY UNITS .....................................................................897 905.01 Clay or Shale Brick ...............................................................................897

(a) Sewer Brick .......................................................................................... 897 (b) Manhole Brick ..................................................................................... 897 (c) Building Brick ...................................................................................... 897

905.02 Concrete Brick ......................................................................................898 905.03 Concrete Masonry Blocks .....................................................................898 905.04 Precast Concrete Curbing .....................................................................898 905.05 Detectable Warning Surfaces ................................................................898 905.06 Precast Concrete Units Not Otherwise Covered ...................................899

SECTION 906 – JOINT MATERIALS ...................................................................900 906.01 Joint Fillers ...........................................................................................900 906.02 Joint Sealing Materials .........................................................................900

(a) Joint Sealers ......................................................................................... 900 1. Silicone Joint Sealants ....................................................................900 2. Hot Poured Joint Sealant.................................................................901 3. Preformed Elastomeric Joint Seals .................................................901 4. Polychloroprene Joint Membrane and Adhesive ............................901

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5. Hot Poured Joint Adhesive .............................................................902 (b) Backer Rod .......................................................................................... 902

1. Requirements ..................................................................................902 2. Certification ....................................................................................902

906.03 Blank .....................................................................................................903 906.04 Blank .....................................................................................................903 906.05 Blank .....................................................................................................903 906.06 Blank .....................................................................................................903 906.07 Bridge Expansion Joints .......................................................................903

(a) Type SS ................................................................................................ 903 (b) Type M................................................................................................. 904

906.08 High Density Bearing Strip...................................................................905

SECTION 907 – CONCRETE, CLAY, AND PLASTIC DRAINAGE COMPONENTS ..........................................................................906

907.01 Non-Reinforced Concrete Pipe .............................................................906 907.02 Reinforced Concrete Pipe .....................................................................906 907.03 Reinforced Concrete Horizontal Elliptical Pipe ....................................907 907.04 Precast Concrete Manholes, Inlets, and Catch Basins ..........................907 907.05 Precast Reinforced Concrete Structure Sections ...................................907

(a) Box ....................................................................................................... 908 (b) Three-Sided .......................................................................................... 908

907.06 Precast Reinforced Concrete Headwalls, Wingwalls, Footings and Spandrel Walls ................................................................908

907.07 Joint Membrane System for Precast Reinforced Concrete Box Structure Sections .........................................................................909

907.08 Clay Pipe...............................................................................................909 907.09 Perforated Clay Pipe .............................................................................909 907.10 Drain Tile ..............................................................................................910 907.11 Pipe Joint Sealant ..................................................................................910

(a) Preformed Flexible Joint Sealants ........................................................ 910 (b) Bituminous Mastic Sealant .................................................................. 910

907.12 Joint Mortar ..........................................................................................911 907.13 Rubber Type Gaskets ............................................................................911 907.14 Blank .....................................................................................................911 907.15 Blank .....................................................................................................911 907.16 Thermoplastic Pipe Requirements ........................................................912 907.17 Corrugated Polyethylene Drainage Tubing and Pipe ............................912

(a) Corrugated Polyethylene Tubing ......................................................... 912 (b) Corrugated Polyethylene Pipe .............................................................. 913

907.18 Perforated PVC Semicircular Pipe .......................................................913 907.19 Corrugated Polypropylene Pipe ............................................................913 907.20 Profile Wall Polyethylene Pipe .............................................................913 907.21 Smooth Wall Polyethylene Pipe ...........................................................913 907.22 Profile Wall PVC Pipe ..........................................................................913

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907.23 Smooth Wall PVC Pipe ........................................................................913 907.24 Smooth Wall Pipe for Outlets ...............................................................914

(a) Type PSM PVC Pipe and Fittings ........................................................ 914 (b) Schedule 40 PVC Pipe ......................................................................... 914

907.25 Thermoplastic Liner Pipe .....................................................................914 (a) Solid Wall HDPE Liner Pipe ............................................................... 914 (b) Profile Wall HDPE Liner Pipe ............................................................. 914 (c) Profile Wall PVC Liner Pipe ................................................................ 915

907.26 Solvent Cements for PVC Pipe and Pipe Fittings .................................915 907.27 Elastomeric Seals ..................................................................................915 907.28 Reinforced Thermosetting Resin Pipe and Pipe Fittings ......................915

SECTION 908 – METAL PIPE ...............................................................................916 908.01 Blank .....................................................................................................916 908.02 Corrugated Steel Pipe and Pipe-Arches ................................................916 908.03 Blank .....................................................................................................917 908.04 Corrugated Aluminum Alloy Pipe and Pipe-Arches .............................917 908.05 Blank .....................................................................................................917 908.06 Metal End Sections ...............................................................................917 908.07 Fully Bituminous Coated Corrugated and Lined Steel Pipe

and Pipe-Arches ....................................................................................918 908.08 Polymer Precoated Galvanized Corrugated Steel Culvert

Pipe and Pipe-Arches ............................................................................919 908.09 Structural Plate Pipe, Pipe-Arches, and Arches ....................................919

(a) Steel ..................................................................................................... 919 (b) Aluminum Alloy .................................................................................. 919

908.10 Cast Iron Soil Pipe ................................................................................920 908.11 Steel Pipe ..............................................................................................920 908.12 Straps, Hook Bolts and Nuts Used in Anchors .....................................920 908.13 Blank .....................................................................................................920 908.14 Slotted Drain or Slotted Vane Drain Pipe .............................................920

SECTION 909 – PAINT AND LIQUID EPOXY ...................................................921 909.01 General Requirements ..........................................................................921 909.02 For Metal ..............................................................................................921

(a) Zinc Primers ......................................................................................... 921 1. Multi-Component Inorganic Zinc Silicate Primer ..........................921 2. Organic Zinc Primer .......................................................................922 3. Approval of Formulation ................................................................923

(b) Epoxy Intermediate Paint ..................................................................... 923 (c) Polyurethane Finish Coat ..................................................................... 923 (d) Waterborne Finish Paint ...................................................................... 924

1. Vehicle Component ........................................................................924 2. Pigment Component .......................................................................924 3. Mixed Paint Properties ...................................................................924 4. Color ...............................................................................................925

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5. Approval of Formulation ................................................................925 (e) Finish Coat for Weathering Steel ......................................................... 926

909.03 Structural Steel Coating System ...........................................................926 (a) Toxicity ................................................................................................ 926 (b) Resistance ............................................................................................ 926 (c) Approval of Structural Steel Coating System ...................................... 926

909.04 Field Paint for Wood or Metal ..............................................................926 909.05 White and Yellow Traffic Paint ............................................................927

(a) Blank .................................................................................................... 927 (b) Fast Dry Traffic Paint .......................................................................... 927

1. General Requirements ....................................................................927 2. Specific Requirements ....................................................................928

(c) White and Yellow Waterborne Traffic Paint ....................................... 929 1. Composition Requirements .............................................................930 2. Specific Requirements ....................................................................930 3. Formulation Approval ....................................................................932

909.06 Blank .....................................................................................................932 909.07 Blank .....................................................................................................932 909.08 Blank .....................................................................................................932 909.09 Epoxy Penetrating Sealers ....................................................................932

(a) Polysulfide Type .................................................................................. 932 (b) Unmodified Type ................................................................................. 933 (c) Specific Requirements ......................................................................... 933 (d) Low Temperature Epoxy Penetrating Sealer ....................................... 935 (e) Packaging and Marking ....................................................................... 935 (f) Approval of Formulation ...................................................................... 935

909.10 Non-Epoxy PCC Sealers .......................................................................935 (a) Properties ............................................................................................. 935 (b) Test Report ........................................................................................... 936

909.11 Epoxy-Resin-Base System for Bonding Plastic Concrete to Hardened Concrete ...............................................................................936

909.12 Epoxy Resin Additives for Injection into Concrete ..............................936

SECTION 910 – METAL MATERIALS ................................................................936 910.01 Reinforcing Bars, Dowel Bars and WWR ............................................936

(a) General ................................................................................................. 936 (b) Specific Requirements ......................................................................... 937

1. Billet Steel Bars ..............................................................................937 2. Threaded Tie Bar Assembly ...........................................................937 3. Splicing Systems .............................................................................937 4. Blank ...............................................................................................937 5. Deformed and Smooth Steel WWR ................................................937 6. Blank ...............................................................................................938 7. Uncoated Seven-Wire Strand ..........................................................938 8. Steel Spiral Reinforcement .............................................................938

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9. Epoxy Coated Reinforcing Bars .....................................................938 10. Dowel Bars .....................................................................................940

(c) Inspection, Sampling, and Testing ....................................................... 940 910.02 Structural Steel .....................................................................................940

(a) Structural Steel ..................................................................................... 940 (b) Weathering Steel .................................................................................. 940 (c) High Strength Structural Steel ............................................................. 940 (d) High Performance Steel ....................................................................... 941 (e) Charpy V-Notch Toughness Tests ....................................................... 941 (f) Mill Test Reports .................................................................................. 941 (g) High Strength Bolts, Nuts, and Washers .............................................. 942

1. General Use ....................................................................................942 2. Assembly of Structural Steel in Bridges .........................................942

(h) Bolts other than High Strength Bolts ................................................... 943 1. General ............................................................................................943 2. Unfinished Bolts .............................................................................943 3. Turned Bolts ...................................................................................943 4. Ribbed Bolts ...................................................................................943

910.03 Permanent Metal Forms ........................................................................944 910.04 Steel Forgings and Steel Shafting .........................................................944

(a) Carbon Steel Forgings .......................................................................... 944 (b) Cold Finished Carbon Steel Shafting ................................................... 944 (c) Alloy Steel Forgings ............................................................................ 944 (d) Certification ......................................................................................... 944

910.05 Castings ................................................................................................945 (a) Steel Castings ....................................................................................... 945 (b) Iron Castings ........................................................................................ 945 (c) Ductile Iron Castings ........................................................................... 946 (d) Malleable Castings ............................................................................... 946 (e) Carbon Steel Castings .......................................................................... 946

910.06 Bronze and Copper Alloy .....................................................................946 (a) Bronze Castings ................................................................................... 946 (b) Copper Alloy Plates ............................................................................. 946

910.07 Steel Components of MSE Retaining Walls .........................................947 (a) Backing Mats, Clevis Connector, Connector Bar, and

Wire-Facing .......................................................................................... 947 1. Backing Mats ..................................................................................947 2. Clevis Connector ............................................................................947 3. Connector Bar .................................................................................947 4. Wire-Facing ....................................................................................947

(b) Ground Reinforcement ........................................................................ 947 (c) Fasteners .............................................................................................. 948 (d) Alignment Pins .................................................................................... 948

910.08 Steel Bin-Type Retaining Wall Units ...................................................948 910.09 Guardrail ...............................................................................................949

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910.10 Guardrail Posts .....................................................................................950 (a) Steel Guardrail Posts ............................................................................ 950 (b) Wood Guardrail Posts .......................................................................... 950

910.11 Guardrail Accessories, Fittings, and Hardware ....................................950 (a) For Steel Beam Guardrail..................................................................... 950 (b) For Steel Tube Guardrail ..................................................................... 952

910.12 Blank .....................................................................................................953 910.13 Steel Fence Posts ..................................................................................953

(a) Line Posts ............................................................................................. 953 (b) Tubular Steel Fence Posts .................................................................... 953

1. Group 1 ...........................................................................................953 2. Group 2 ...........................................................................................953

(c) Fence Fastenings .................................................................................. 954 910.14 Sign Posts .............................................................................................954

(a) Steel, Flanged, Channel Posts .............................................................. 954 1. General Requirements ....................................................................954 2. Deflection Test Requirements ........................................................956 3. Type of Posts ..................................................................................956

(b) Wide Flange Posts ............................................................................... 956 (c) Structural Steel Posts ........................................................................... 957 (d) Structural Aluminum Posts .................................................................. 957 (e) Square Steel Posts ................................................................................ 957

1. Steel ................................................................................................957 2. Fabrication ......................................................................................958 3. Protective Coating ..........................................................................958

(f) Portable Construction Sign Trailer ....................................................... 958 910.15 Delineator Posts ....................................................................................958 910.16 Copper Flashing ....................................................................................959 910.17 Bronze or Copper Alloy Plates .............................................................959 910.18 Fence, Fittings, and Gates .....................................................................960

(a) Farm Field or Woven Wire Fence ........................................................ 960 (b) Steel Fabric Chain Link Fence ............................................................. 960

1. Tension Wire ..................................................................................961 2. Stretcher Bars, Truss Rods, and Turnbuckles .................................961 3. Braces .............................................................................................961 4. Barbed Wire ....................................................................................961 5. Bridge Railing Pedestrian Fence .....................................................962

(c) Aluminum Fabric Chain Link Fence .................................................... 962 (d) Gates .................................................................................................... 963

1. Steel Gates ......................................................................................963 2. Aluminum Gates .............................................................................963

(e) Control Procedures for Furnishing Fence and Accessories .................. 964 1. General Requirements ....................................................................964 2. Suppliers of Pretested Approved Stockpiled Material ....................964

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3. Suppliers Not Furnishing Pretested Approved Stockpiled Material .........................................................................964

910.19 Overhead Sign Structures .....................................................................965 (a) Aluminum Trusses for Overhead Sign Structures, Box

Truss and Dynamic Message Sign Structure Truss .............................. 965 (b) Steel Overhead Sign Structures, Cantilever, Monotube,

Tri-Chord, Bridge Attached, and End-Supports for Box Truss and Dynamic Message Sign Structure ........................................ 966

910.20 Steel Bridge Railing Components .........................................................968 910.21 Steel Sheet Piling ..................................................................................969 910.22 Grating for Grated Box End Sections ...................................................970

(a) Type I Grated Box End Sections .......................................................... 970 (b) Type II Grated Box End Sections ........................................................ 970

SECTION 911 – WOOD MATERIALS .................................................................971 911.01 Untreated Lumber .................................................................................971

(a) General ................................................................................................. 971 1. Boards .............................................................................................971 2. Dimension Lumber .........................................................................971 3. Structural Lumber ...........................................................................971 4. Sawn Timbers .................................................................................971 5. Timbers, Round ..............................................................................971 6. Yard Lumber ...................................................................................972 7. Surfaced or Dressed Lumber ..........................................................972 8. Rough Sawn Lumber ......................................................................972

(b) Species and Grade ................................................................................ 972 (c) Inspection ............................................................................................. 973 (d) Tolerances ............................................................................................ 973 (e) Untreated Piling ................................................................................... 973

911.02 Treated Lumber ....................................................................................974 (a) General ................................................................................................. 974 (b) Bridge Lumber ..................................................................................... 974 (c) Piling .................................................................................................... 975 (d) Guardrail Posts, Braces, and Battens ................................................... 975 (e) Sign Posts ............................................................................................. 975 (f) Sawed Timber Posts and Blocks for Thrie-Beam and W-

Beam Guardrail .................................................................................... 976 1. Species and Grades .........................................................................976 2. Department Grade GRP ..................................................................977 3. epartment Grade GRB ....................................................................978 4. General Requirements ....................................................................978 5. Pressure Treating Posts and Blocks ................................................979 6. Field Treatment of Posts and Blocks ..............................................982 7. Rejection for Degrade After Treatment ..........................................982

(g) Recreational Applications .................................................................... 983

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(h) Preservatives ........................................................................................ 983

SECTION 912 – CONCRETE CURING MATERIALS AND ADMIXTURES ....983 912.01 Curing Materials ...................................................................................983

(a) Burlap Cloth made from Jute or Kenaf ................................................ 983 (b) Waterproof Paper Blankets .................................................................. 983 (c) White Polyethylene Sheeting, Film ...................................................... 983 (d) White Burlap Polyethylene Sheet ........................................................ 984 (e) Liquid Membrane Forming Compounds .............................................. 984 (f) Polyethylene Film ................................................................................. 984

912.02 Curing-Sealing Materials ......................................................................984 912.03 Admixtures for Use in Concrete ...........................................................985

(a) Air Entraining Admixtures ................................................................... 985 (b) Chemical Admixtures for Concrete ..................................................... 985

1. Type A ............................................................................................985 2. Type B ............................................................................................985 3. Type C ............................................................................................985 4. Type D ............................................................................................985 5. Type E.............................................................................................985 6. Type F .............................................................................................985 7. Type G ............................................................................................985 8. High Range Water Reducing Admixture System ...........................986 9. High Range Water Reducing and Retarding Admixture System ..........................................................................986

(c) Test Report ........................................................................................... 986 912.04 Latex Modifiers ....................................................................................986 912.05 Foaming Agent .....................................................................................987

SECTION 913 – SOIL TREATMENT MATERIALS ............................................987 913.01 Water ....................................................................................................987 913.02 Calcium Chloride ..................................................................................987 913.03 Sodium Chloride ...................................................................................988 913.04 Lime ......................................................................................................988

(a) Hydrated Lime for Masonry ................................................................. 988 (b) Lime for Soil Modification .................................................................. 988

1. Hydrated Lime and Quicklime........................................................988 2. Lime By-Products ...........................................................................988

913.05 Blank .....................................................................................................988 913.06 Bentonite Grout ....................................................................................988

SECTION 914 – ROADSIDE DEVELOPMENT MATERIALS ...........................989 914.01 Special Topsoil for Roadside Development .........................................989 914.02 Temporary Seed ....................................................................................989 914.03 Fertilizer................................................................................................989 914.04 Grass and Legume Seed ........................................................................989 914.05 Mulch ....................................................................................................993

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(a) Mulch for Seeding ................................................................................ 993 (b) Mulch for Plants................................................................................... 995

914.06 Leguminous Inoculants .........................................................................995 914.07 Sod ........................................................................................................995 914.08 Plant Materials ......................................................................................996

(a) Quality of Plant Material ...................................................................... 996 (b) Plant Names ......................................................................................... 996 (c) Substitutions ......................................................................................... 997 (d) Grading Standards ................................................................................ 997 (e) Nursery Inspection and Plant Quarantine ............................................. 997 (f) Balled and Burlapped Plants ................................................................. 997 (g) Container Grown Plants ....................................................................... 997 (h) Bare Rooted Plants ............................................................................... 997 (i) Collected Plants .................................................................................... 998 (j) Forms, Shapes, and Condition of Plants ............................................... 998 (k) Inspection ............................................................................................. 998 (l) Shipment ............................................................................................... 999 (m) Certification ........................................................................................ 999

914.09 Miscellaneous Material .........................................................................999 (a) Water .................................................................................................... 999 (b) Stakes for Bracing and Anchoring ....................................................... 999 (c) Tree Wound Dressing .......................................................................... 999 (d) Porous Material .................................................................................. 1000 (e) Pipe .................................................................................................... 1000 (f) Staples ................................................................................................ 1000 (g) Plastic Net .......................................................................................... 1000 (h) Filter Sock .......................................................................................... 1000

SECTION 915 – BRIDGE PILES AND BEARINGS ........................................... 1001 915.01 Steel Pipe Piles and Epoxy Coated Steel Pipe Piles ........................... 1001

(a) General Requirements ........................................................................ 1001 1. End Plates ..................................................................................... 1001 2. Conical Pile Tips ........................................................................... 1001

(b) Fluted Steel Pipe Piles ....................................................................... 1002 (c) Rounded Steel Pipe Piles ................................................................... 1002 (d) Epoxy Coating for Piles ..................................................................... 1002

1. Prequalification of Organic Coatings for Steel Piles .................... 1002 2. Application ................................................................................... 1003 3. Certification .................................................................................. 1004

915.02 Steel H Piles and Epoxy Coated Steel H Piles .................................... 1004 915.03 Pile Shoes ........................................................................................... 1005 915.04 Elastomeric Bearings .......................................................................... 1005

(a) Description ......................................................................................... 1005 (b) Materials ............................................................................................ 1005

1. Elastomer ...................................................................................... 1005

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2. Structural Steel.............................................................................. 1008 3. Internal Steel Shims ...................................................................... 1008 4. Threaded Stud ............................................................................... 1008 5. Side Retainer ................................................................................. 1008

(c) Manufacturing Requirements ............................................................. 1008 (d) Appearance and Dimensions .............................................................. 1009 (e) Quality Assurance .............................................................................. 1009 (f) Certification ........................................................................................ 1009

915.05 Bearing Assemblies with Polytetrafluoroethylene, PTFE, Sliding Surfaces .................................................................................. 1010

SECTION 916 – MATERIALS CERTIFICATIONS ............................................ 1011 916.01 General ............................................................................................... 1011 916.02 Types of Certifications ....................................................................... 1011

(a) Type A ............................................................................................... 1011 (b) Type B ............................................................................................... 1011 (c) Type C ................................................................................................ 1012 (d) Type D ............................................................................................... 1012 (e) Other Types ........................................................................................ 1012 (f) Requirements for Small Quantities of Materials ................................ 1012 (g) Buy America Requirement ................................................................ 1012

916.03 Sample Forms ..................................................................................... 1012 (a) For Buy America Requirement .......................................................... 1012 (b) Sample Type A Certification Form .................................................... 1013 (c) Sample Type B Certification Form .................................................... 1014 (d) Sample Type C Certification Form .................................................... 1015 (e) Sample Type D Certification Form .................................................... 1016 (f) Sample Asbestos Exclusion Letter ..................................................... 1017

SECTION 917 – QUALITY ASSURANCE AGGREGATE CERTIFICATION . 1018 917.01 General Requirements ........................................................................ 1018 917.02 Quality Control Plan ........................................................................... 1018 917.03 Source Approval Requirements .......................................................... 1018

(a) Step 1 ................................................................................................. 1019 (b) Step 2 ................................................................................................. 1019 (c) Step 3 ................................................................................................. 1019

917.04 Removal from Certified Producer Status ............................................ 1019 917.05 Appeals ............................................................................................... 1020

SECTION 918 – GEOSYNTHETIC MATERIALS .............................................. 1020 918.01 General Requirements ........................................................................ 1020 918.02 Geotextile............................................................................................ 1020

(a) Geotextile Properties for Riprap and Revetment Applications ....................................................................................... 1021

(b) Geotextile Properties for Underdrains and Drainage Applications ....................................................................................... 1022

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(c) Geotextile Properties for Pavement or Subgrade Stabilizations ...................................................................................... 1023

(d) Geotextile Properties for Silt Fence ................................................... 1024 918.03 Geomembrane ..................................................................................... 1025 918.04 Geocell Confinement System ............................................................. 1025 918.05 Geogrid ............................................................................................... 1026

(a) Type IA and Type IB ......................................................................... 1027 (b) Type II ............................................................................................... 1027 (c) Type III .............................................................................................. 1027

918.06 Fabric for Waterproofing .................................................................... 1028

SECTION 919 – TRAFFIC SIGNS ....................................................................... 1028 919.01 Traffic Signs ....................................................................................... 1028

(a) Backing Material ................................................................................ 1029 1. Sheet Signs ................................................................................... 1029 2. Panel Signs ................................................................................... 1030 3. Demountable Letters, Numbers, and Symbols .............................. 1030

(b) Sheeting Material ............................................................................... 1030 1. Reflective Sheeting ....................................................................... 1030 2. Non-reflective Sheeting ................................................................ 1030 3. Transparent Sheeting .................................................................... 1030

(c) Letters, Numbers, Symbols, and Accessories .................................... 1031 (d) Fasteners ............................................................................................ 1031

1. Sheet Signs ................................................................................... 1031 2. Panel Signs and Temporary Panel Signs ...................................... 1031 3. Aluminum Rivets .......................................................................... 1031

(e) Basis for Use ...................................................................................... 1031

SECTION 920 – HIGHWAY ILLUMINATION MATERIALS .......................... 1032 920.01 Highway Illumination Materials ......................................................... 1032

(a) Lighting Standards and Mast Arms, under 80 ft ................................ 1032 1. General Requirements .................................................................. 1032 2. Aluminum Lighting Standards ...................................................... 1034 3. Stainless Steel Lighting Standards ................................................ 1035 4. Galvanized Steel Lighting Standards ............................................ 1035 5. Wood Pole Lighting Standards ..................................................... 1035 6. Frangible Breakaway Bases .......................................................... 1035 7. Anchor Bolts ................................................................................. 1036

(b) High Mast Standards of 80 ft and Over ............................................. 1036 1. High Mast Poles ............................................................................ 1037 2. Welding ........................................................................................ 1037 3. Handholes ..................................................................................... 1038 4. Luminaire Ring Assembly ............................................................ 1038 5. Head Frame Assembly .................................................................. 1039 6. Winch Assembly ........................................................................... 1039 7. External Drive System .................................................................. 1039

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8. Cable Terminator .......................................................................... 1040 9. Lightning Rod Assembly and Grounding System ........................ 1040 10. Anchor Bolts ................................................................................. 1041

(c) Wire and Cable .................................................................................. 1041 1. Polyethylene Conduit .................................................................... 1041 2. Conductors in Cable-Duct ............................................................ 1041 3. Lighting Standard Circuit Wiring ................................................. 1042 4. Sign and Underpass Wiring .......................................................... 1042 5. Aerial Cable .................................................................................. 1042 6. High Mast Tower Luminaire Ring Conductors ............................ 1042 7. Power Cable-High Mast Poles ...................................................... 1042 8. Electrical Connectors .................................................................... 1043

(d) Luminaires ......................................................................................... 1043 1. General Requirements .................................................................. 1043 2. Roadway Lighting Luminaires ..................................................... 1045 3. Sign Luminaires ............................................................................ 1045

(e) Circuit Breakers and Enclosure .......................................................... 1045 1. Circuit Breakers for Type II Service Point ................................... 1046 2. Circuit Breakers for Sign and Underpass Circuits ........................ 1046 3. Circuit Breakers for High Mast Poles ........................................... 1046 4. E-Series Magnetic Circuit Breakers .............................................. 1046

(f) Multiple Relay Switches with Photocell Receptacles ......................... 1046 (g) Materials Certification ....................................................................... 1047 (h) Junction Box ...................................................................................... 1047

SECTION 921 – PAVEMENT MARKING MATERIALS .................................. 1047 921.01 Blank ................................................................................................... 1047 921.02 Durable Marking Material .................................................................. 1047

(a) Thermoplastic .................................................................................... 1047 (b) Preformed Plastic ............................................................................... 1047

1. Packaging ...................................................................................... 1048 2. Basis For Use ................................................................................ 1048

(c) Multi-Component ............................................................................... 1048 (d) Snowplowable Raised Pavement Marker and Cast Metal

Base .................................................................................................... 1049 1. Epoxy Adhesive ............................................................................ 1049 2. Blank ............................................................................................. 1049

(e) Pavement Marking Beads .................................................................. 1049 1. Standard Beads ............................................................................. 1049 2. Modified Standard Beads .............................................................. 1049 3. Supplemental Beads ...................................................................... 1049 4. Supplemental Elements................................................................. 1050

SECTION 922 – TRAFFIC SIGNAL MATERIALS AND EQUIPMENT .......... 1050 922.01 Description .......................................................................................... 1050 922.02 Traffic Signal Control Equipment ...................................................... 1050

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(a) Model Approval ................................................................................. 1050 (b) Controller Assemblies or Major Units Furnished and

Installed by the Contractor ................................................................. 1051 (c) Warranty ............................................................................................ 1052 (d) Certification of NEMA TS2 Traffic Control Equipment ................... 1052

1. Certification of a Production Run Model ...................................... 1052 2. Certification of Environmental Testing ........................................ 1053

(e) NEMA TS2 Fully Actuated Solid State Controller Unit, CU ...................................................................................................... 1053 1. General Requirements .................................................................. 1053 2. CU Requirements .......................................................................... 1054 3. Internal Modules ........................................................................... 1054 4. CU Enclosure ................................................................................ 1055 5. Firmware and Software Revisions ................................................ 1055

(f) NEMA TS2 Cabinet, Auxiliary Equipment, and Terminal and Facilities, TF, Requirements ........................................................ 1055 1. Controller Cabinet Requirements ................................................. 1055 2. Load Switch and Flasher Requirements ....................................... 1057 3. Terminal and Facilities Requirements .......................................... 1058 4. MMU Requirements ..................................................................... 1059 5. BIU Requirements ........................................................................ 1059 6. Loop Amplifier Units and Rack Requirements ............................. 1060 7. Cabinet Power Supply Requirements ........................................... 1061

(g) Cabinets ............................................................................................. 1061 1. G Cabinet (Size 3) ........................................................................ 1061 2. M Cabinet (Size 5) ........................................................................ 1062 3. P-1 Cabinet (Size 6) ...................................................................... 1062 4. R Cabinet (Size 7) ......................................................................... 1062 5. Flasher - Two Circuit Alternating Flasher .................................... 1063

922.03 Signal Head Components ................................................................... 1064 (a) General ............................................................................................... 1064 (b) Housing, Door, and Visor .................................................................. 1064 (c) Signal Indications ............................................................................... 1064

1. LED Signal Indications ................................................................. 1064 2. Incandescent Signal Indications .................................................... 1065

(d) Wiring ................................................................................................ 1065 (e) Section Coupling ................................................................................ 1065 (f) Terminal Block ................................................................................... 1065 (g) Material Requirements ....................................................................... 1066

1. Polycarbonate Signal Head ........................................................... 1066 2. Die-Cast Aluminum Signal Head ................................................. 1066

(h) Signal Backplates ............................................................................... 1066 (i) Certification ........................................................................................ 1066

922.04 Pedestrian Signal Components ........................................................... 1066 (a) Pedestrian Signal Head ...................................................................... 1066

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1. Housing, Door, and Visor ............................................................. 1067 2. Message ........................................................................................ 1067

(b) Pedestrian Push-Button ...................................................................... 1068 1. Housing ......................................................................................... 1068 2. Latching LED ............................................................................... 1068 3. Actuator ........................................................................................ 1068 4. Sign ............................................................................................... 1068 5. Accessible Pedestrian Push Buttons ............................................. 1068

922.05 Blank ................................................................................................... 1069 922.06 Disconnect Hanger Junction Box ....................................................... 1069 922.07 Signal Support Assemblies ................................................................. 1070

(a) Clearance ............................................................................................ 1070 (b) Balance Adjuster ................................................................................ 1070 (c) Span Hanger ....................................................................................... 1070 (d) Tether Bracket ................................................................................... 1071 (e) Pipe Arm Assemblies ......................................................................... 1071

922.08 Signal Cantilever Mount Signal Bracket ............................................ 1071 922.09 Pedestal Poles and Cast Aluminum Pedestal Bases ............................ 1072

(a) Cast Aluminum Pedestal Base ........................................................... 1072 (b) Pedestal Pole ...................................................................................... 1073 (c) Pole Cap ............................................................................................. 1074

922.10 Signal Supports ................................................................................... 1074 (a) Steel Strain Pole ................................................................................. 1074 (b) Wood Strain Pole ............................................................................... 1075 (c) Signal Cantilever Structures ............................................................... 1076

1. General .......................................................................................... 1076 2. Base Plate ..................................................................................... 1076 3. Materials ....................................................................................... 1076 4. Hardware ...................................................................................... 1076 5. Anchor Bolts ................................................................................. 1077 6. Finish ............................................................................................ 1077 7. Working Drawings ........................................................................ 1077

(d) Downguys, Anchors, Rods, and Guards ............................................ 1077 (e) Support Cable ..................................................................................... 1077

1. Messenger Cable ........................................................................... 1077 2. Span, Catenary, and Downguy Cable ........................................... 1078 3. Tether and Support Cable ............................................................. 1078 4. Cable Hardware ............................................................................ 1078

922.11 Signal Cable ........................................................................................ 1079 (a) Hook-up Wire .................................................................................... 1079 (b) Signal Control Cable .......................................................................... 1079 (c) Service Cable ..................................................................................... 1079

922.12 Signal Interconnect ............................................................................. 1079 (a) Integral Messenger Interconnect Cable .............................................. 1079 (b) 6 Pair/19 Telemetry Cable ................................................................. 1079

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(c) Fiber Optic Interconnect Cable .......................................................... 1079 (d) Radio Interconnect Using Spread Spectrum Radio Modems ............. 1080

922.13 Detection Components ........................................................................ 1080 (a) Loop Detector Lead-in Cable ............................................................. 1080 (b) Roadway Loop Wire .......................................................................... 1080 (c) Other Vehicle Detection Systems ...................................................... 1080

922.14 Ground Wire ....................................................................................... 1081 922.15 Splicing Kit ......................................................................................... 1081 922.16 Ground Rod and Connections ............................................................. 1081 922.17 Handholes ........................................................................................... 1081

(a) Type I (Concrete Handhole) ............................................................... 1081 (b) Type II (Polymer Concrete Handhole) ............................................... 1082

1. Polymer Concrete Handhole Box ................................................. 1082 2. Polymer Concrete Handhole Cover .............................................. 1082

922.18 Entrance Switch .................................................................................. 1082 922.19 Conduit and Fittings ........................................................................... 1082

(a) Steel Conduit ...................................................................................... 1082 (b) PVC Schedule 40 or 80 Conduit ........................................................ 1083 (c) Fiberglass Conduit ............................................................................. 1083 (d) HDPE Schedule 40 or 80 Conduit ..................................................... 1083

922.20 Detector Housing ................................................................................ 1083 922.21 Certification ........................................................................................ 1083

SECTION 923 – TEMPORARY TRAFFIC CONTROL DEVICES .................... 1084 923.01 Temporary Pavement Marking Tape .................................................. 1084 923.02 Temporary Raised Pavement Marker ................................................. 1084 923.03 Construction Warning Lights .............................................................. 1084

(a) Flash Requirements ............................................................................ 1084 1. Flash Rate ..................................................................................... 1084 2. On-Time ........................................................................................ 1084

(b) Optical Requirements ........................................................................ 1085 1. Effective Intensity ......................................................................... 1085 2. Lens Illumination .......................................................................... 1085 3. Reflex-Reflective Performance ..................................................... 1085 4. Testing Procedure ......................................................................... 1085

(c) Lens Requirements ............................................................................. 1086 1. Size of Lens .................................................................................. 1086 2. Directional Lenses ........................................................................ 1086 3. Lens Chromaticity ........................................................................ 1086 4. Lens Luminous Transmittance ...................................................... 1086 5. Lens Material ................................................................................ 1086

(d) Head and Case ................................................................................... 1086 1. Swivel Head .................................................................................. 1086 2. Case .............................................................................................. 1087

(e) Photoelectric Controls ........................................................................ 1087

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923.04 Flashing Arrow Sign ........................................................................... 1087 (a) Solar Powered .................................................................................... 1087 (b) Diesel Powered .................................................................................. 1088 (c) AC Powered ....................................................................................... 1088

923.05 Portable Changeable Message Sign .................................................... 1090 923.06 Temporary Worksite Speed Limit Sign Assembly ............................. 1090 923.07 Tubular Marker ................................................................................... 1090 923.08 Acceptance of Temporary Traffic Control Devices ............................ 1090

SECTION 924 – WELDING SUPPLIES .............................................................. 1090 924.01 Welding Supplies ................................................................................ 1090

(a) Aluminum Alloy Base Metals ............................................................ 1090 1. Bare Wire Electrodes and Welding Rods ..................................... 1090 2. Filler Metal ................................................................................... 1090 3. Shielding Gases ............................................................................ 1091

(b) Blank .................................................................................................. 1091

SECTION 925 – ITS CONTROLLER CABINET ................................................ 1091 925.01 General Requirements ........................................................................ 1091 925.02 Model Approval .................................................................................. 1093 925.03 Warranty ............................................................................................. 1094 925.04 Cabinet Accessories ............................................................................ 1094

(a) Rack Frame Assembly ....................................................................... 1094 (b) Equipment Shelves ............................................................................ 1094 (c) Sunshield ............................................................................................ 1094 (d) Side Panels ......................................................................................... 1094 (e) Data Pocket ........................................................................................ 1095 (f) Equipment Labels ............................................................................... 1095 (g) Primary Power Terminal Block ......................................................... 1095 (h) Ground Lug ........................................................................................ 1095 (i) Ground Bus ......................................................................................... 1095 (j) Transient Voltage Surge Suppression ................................................. 1095 (k) Load Center Main Breaker ................................................................. 1096 (l) Load Center Panelboard ..................................................................... 1096 (m) GFI Duplex Receptacle ..................................................................... 1096 (n) Duplex Receptacle ............................................................................. 1096 (o) Terminal Strip Surge Protector .......................................................... 1096 (p) Door Open Switches .......................................................................... 1096 (q) Light Switch ....................................................................................... 1097 (r) Lamp Holders ..................................................................................... 1097 (s) Lamps ................................................................................................. 1097 (t) Circulating Fans .................................................................................. 1097 (u) Enclosure Heaters .............................................................................. 1097 (v) Heater Relays ..................................................................................... 1097 (w) Thermostats ....................................................................................... 1097 (x) Detector Card DIN Rail Terminal Blocks .......................................... 1098

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(y) I/O Module ......................................................................................... 1098 (z) Detector Card Rack ............................................................................ 1098 (aa) Padlocks ........................................................................................... 1098 (bb) Other Cabinet Equipment ................................................................ 1098

925.05 Cabinet Wiring ................................................................................... 1098 925.06 Drawings ............................................................................................. 1099

SECTION 926 – MISCELLANEOUS MATERIALS ........................................... 1099 926.01 Flexible Delineator Posts .................................................................... 1099

(a) Type I. Ground Mounted Flexible Delineator Post ............................ 1100 (b) Type II. Surface Mounted Flexible Delineator Post .......................... 1100

926.02 Delineators .......................................................................................... 1100 (a) Acrylic Plastic Delineators ................................................................. 1100 (b) Reflective Sheeting Delineators ......................................................... 1101 (c) Barrier Delineators ............................................................................. 1101 (d) Temporary Barrier Delineator ............................................................ 1102

926.03 Alternate Material Guardrail Blocks ................................................... 1102

INDEX OF PAY ITEMS ..................................................................................... 1103

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