=Sekfld if=dko"kZ 2] vad 3tuojh&ekpZ 2012

ihiqYl ,lksfl,'ku vkWQ fgy ,fj;k ykaplZ ¼igy½] Hkkjrh; foKku ys[kd la?k

¼bLok½ mÙkjk[kaM izHkkx rFkk mÙkjk[kaM jkT; foKku ,oa izkS|ksfxdh ifj"kn~ ¼;wdkWLV½

ds la;qDr rÙoko/kku esa izdkf'kr =Sekfld if=dk] varHkwZr mÙkjk[k.M jkT;

foKku ,oa izkS|ksfxdh ifj"kn~ lekpkj i=d&tuojh&ekpZ 2012

;g if=dk foKku ds izpkj&izlkj gsrq] foKku&lq/kh ikBdksa ds vkxzg ij *izdk'kdh; dk;kZy;* ls fu%'kqYd

iznku dh tkrh gSA

SCIENCE

ASSOCIATION

WRITERS'IN

DIA

N

ISWA

Ikgy

u s tfoKkue~ yksdfgrk;

o"kZ 2] vad 3tuojh&ekpZ 2012

=Sekfld if=dk

ifjppkZfoKku

© vigyan pricharcha, 2010

izdk'kdh; dk;kZy;e`R;qat; /kke] 18] 'kkL=h uxj] gfj}kj jksM] nsgjknwu&248001

Qksu % 0135-2669236

eksckby % 09759348564, 09412047994, 09897020782, 09837862096

bZesy % pahal_uttarakhand@yahoo.co.in, mukund13joshi@rediffmail.com

osclkbV % www.pahal_understanding.org

foKku ifjppkZ ds y[s kka s ea s idz kf'kr lHkh fopkj y[s kdka s ds vius ga S rFkk y[s kdh; LorU=rk ds vUrxrZ O;Dr fd;s x;s gAaS muds lkFk lEiknd vFkok idz k'kd dk lger gkus k ;k mu fopkjka sdk if=dk dh uhfr ls dkbs Z lEcU/k gkus k vko';d ugha gAS

eqæd,Dlizs'ku fizUV ,aM xzkfQDl174 lqHkk"k uxj] nsgjknwu] 9219552563e: pacesanjay@rediffmail.com

izks- ,-,u- iqjksfgr] iwoZ dqyifr]

gs-u-c- x<+oky fo'ofo|ky;] vkyeh vk¡py]MksHkkyokyk] nsgjknwu

MkW- jktsUæ MksHkky] egkfuns'kd]

mÙkjk[k.M jkT; foKku ,oa izkS|ksfxdh ifj"kn] nsgjknwu

MkW- ,l-,l- usxh] funs'kd]

ou vuqla/kku laLFkku] nsgjknwu

izks- ,l-lh- lDlsuk] funs'kd]

Hkkjrh; izkS|ksfxdh laLFkku] :M+dh

MkW- ,-ds- xqIrk] funs'kd] okfM+;k fgeky; HkwfoKku laLFkku]

nsgjknwu

MkW- eukst iVsfj;k] funs'kd]

jk"Vªh; foKku ,oa izks|ksfxdh lapkj ifj"kn~]ubZ fnYyh

MkW yhyk/kj txwM+h] lhrkdqVhj] cnjhiqj]

nsgjknwu

MkW- ,e-vks- xxZ] funs'kd]

Hkkjrh; isVªksfy;e laLFkku] nsgjknwu

izks- /khjsUæ 'kekZ] funs'kd]

lsaVj QkWj lkbal ikWfylh fjlpZ] fueZy fuy;]Hkxoariqj] nsgjknwu

lykgdkj e.MyMkW- jfo pksiM+k]

ihiqYl lkbal baLVhV~;wV]252] olar fogkj] Qst&1]

nsgjknwu

MkW- ch-,l- fc"V] dqyifr]

th-ch-iUr d`f"k ,oa izkS|ksfxdh fo'ofo|ky;] iUruxj

MkW- th-,l- jkSrsyk] egkfuns'kd]

jk"Vªh; foKku laxzgky; ifj"kn~] dksfydkrk

MkW- Mh-ds- ik.Ms] jk"Vªh; foKku ,oa izkS|ksfxdh lapkj ifj"kn]

ubZ fnYyh

MkW vuqt flUgk]lykgdkj] foKku izlkj

foKku ,oa izkS|ksfxdh foHkkx]Hkkjr ljdkj

MkW ,y-,e-,l- ikyuh] funs'kd]

xksfoUn cYyHk iUr fgeky; i;kZoj.k fodkl laLFkku] dVkjey dkslh]

vYeksM+k

izksΠjkelkxj]funs'kd]

vk;ZHkÍ izs{k.k foKku laLFkku] uSuhrky

MkŒ txnh'k pUæ Hkê]funs'kd]

foosdkuUn ioZrh; d`f"k vuqla/kku laLFkku] vYeksM+k

vf/k'kklh lEiknd

nsoh izlkn mfu;ky]ofj"B oSKkfud vf/kdkjh] mÙkjk[kaM jkT; foKku ,oa izkS|ksfxdh ifj"kn~] ¼;wdkWLV½

izcU/k lEiknddeyk iUr]v/;{k] ihiqYl ,lksfl,'ku vkWQ fgy ,fj;k ykaplZ ¼igy½

iz/kku lEikndeqdqUn uhyd.B tks'kh,lksf'k,V izksQslj ¼ls-fu-½]Mh-ch-,l- dkyst] nsgjknwu

lEiknu lg;ksx'kf'kdkUr xqIr,lksf'k,V izksQslj ¼ls-fu-½] Mh-ch-,l- dkyst] nsgjknwu

vt; dqekj fc;kuh,lksf'k,V izksQslj] Mh-ch-,l- dkyst] nsgjknwu

uhykEcj iqusBkftyk leUo;d] ;w&dkLV] fiFkkSjkx<+

v'kksd dqekj iarjkT; leUo;d] jk"Vªh; cky foKku dkaxzsl] mÙkjk[k.M

fnus'k pUæ 'kekZxzkŒ o iksLV eLoklh] rglhy Lokj] jkeiqj] ¼m-iz-½

ihiqYl ,lksfl,'ku vkWQ fgy ,fj;k ykaplZ ¼igy½] Hkkjrh; foKku ys[kd la?k

¼bLok½ mÙkjk[kaM izHkkx rFkk mÙkjk[kaM jkT; foKku ,oa izkS|ksfxdh ifj"kn~ ¼;wdkWLV½

ds la;qDr rÙoko/kku esa izdkf'kr =Sekfld if=dk] varHkwZr mÙkjk[k.M jkT;

foKku ,oa izkS|ksfxdh ifj"kn~ lekpkj i=d&tuojh&ekpZ 2012

;g if=dk foKku ds izpkj&izlkj gsrq] foKku&lq/kh ikBdksa ds vkxzg ij *izdk'kdh; dk;kZy;* ls fu%'kqYd

iznku dh tkrh gSA

SCIENCE

ASSOCIATION

WRITERS'IN

DIA

N

ISWA

Ikgy

u s tfoKkue~ yksdfgrk;

o"kZ 2] vad 3tuojh&ekpZ 2012

=Sekfld if=dk

ifjppkZfoKku

© vigyan pricharcha, 2010

izdk'kdh; dk;kZy;e`R;qat; /kke] 18] 'kkL=h uxj] gfj}kj jksM] nsgjknwu&248001

Qksu % 0135-2669236

eksckby % 09759348564, 09412047994, 09897020782, 09837862096

bZesy % pahal_uttarakhand@yahoo.co.in, mukund13joshi@rediffmail.com

osclkbV % www.pahal_understanding.org

foKku ifjppkZ ds y[s kka s ea s idz kf'kr lHkh fopkj y[s kdka s ds vius ga S rFkk y[s kdh; LorU=rk ds vUrxrZ O;Dr fd;s x;s gAaS muds lkFk lEiknd vFkok idz k'kd dk lger gkus k ;k mu fopkjka sdk if=dk dh uhfr ls dkbs Z lEcU/k gkus k vko';d ugha gAS

eqæd,Dlizs'ku fizUV ,aM xzkfQDl174 lqHkk"k uxj] nsgjknwu] 9219552563e: pacesanjay@rediffmail.com

izks- ,-,u- iqjksfgr] iwoZ dqyifr]

gs-u-c- x<+oky fo'ofo|ky;] vkyeh vk¡py]MksHkkyokyk] nsgjknwu

MkW- jktsUæ MksHkky] egkfuns'kd]

mÙkjk[k.M jkT; foKku ,oa izkS|ksfxdh ifj"kn] nsgjknwu

MkW- ,l-,l- usxh] funs'kd]

ou vuqla/kku laLFkku] nsgjknwu

izks- ,l-lh- lDlsuk] funs'kd]

Hkkjrh; izkS|ksfxdh laLFkku] :M+dh

MkW- ,-ds- xqIrk] funs'kd] okfM+;k fgeky; HkwfoKku laLFkku]

nsgjknwu

MkW- eukst iVsfj;k] funs'kd]

jk"Vªh; foKku ,oa izks|ksfxdh lapkj ifj"kn~]ubZ fnYyh

MkW yhyk/kj txwM+h] lhrkdqVhj] cnjhiqj]

nsgjknwu

MkW- ,e-vks- xxZ] funs'kd]

Hkkjrh; isVªksfy;e laLFkku] nsgjknwu

izks- /khjsUæ 'kekZ] funs'kd]

lsaVj QkWj lkbal ikWfylh fjlpZ] fueZy fuy;]Hkxoariqj] nsgjknwu

lykgdkj e.MyMkW- jfo pksiM+k]

ihiqYl lkbal baLVhV~;wV]252] olar fogkj] Qst&1]

nsgjknwu

MkW- ch-,l- fc"V] dqyifr]

th-ch-iUr d`f"k ,oa izkS|ksfxdh fo'ofo|ky;] iUruxj

MkW- th-,l- jkSrsyk] egkfuns'kd]

jk"Vªh; foKku laxzgky; ifj"kn~] dksfydkrk

MkW- Mh-ds- ik.Ms] jk"Vªh; foKku ,oa izkS|ksfxdh lapkj ifj"kn]

ubZ fnYyh

MkW vuqt flUgk]lykgdkj] foKku izlkj

foKku ,oa izkS|ksfxdh foHkkx]Hkkjr ljdkj

MkW ,y-,e-,l- ikyuh] funs'kd]

xksfoUn cYyHk iUr fgeky; i;kZoj.k fodkl laLFkku] dVkjey dkslh]

vYeksM+k

izksΠjkelkxj]funs'kd]

vk;ZHkÍ izs{k.k foKku laLFkku] uSuhrky

MkŒ txnh'k pUæ Hkê]funs'kd]

foosdkuUn ioZrh; d`f"k vuqla/kku laLFkku] vYeksM+k

vf/k'kklh lEiknd

nsoh izlkn mfu;ky]ofj"B oSKkfud vf/kdkjh] mÙkjk[kaM jkT; foKku ,oa izkS|ksfxdh ifj"kn~] ¼;wdkWLV½

izcU/k lEiknddeyk iUr]v/;{k] ihiqYl ,lksfl,'ku vkWQ fgy ,fj;k ykaplZ ¼igy½

iz/kku lEikndeqdqUn uhyd.B tks'kh,lksf'k,V izksQslj ¼ls-fu-½]Mh-ch-,l- dkyst] nsgjknwu

lEiknu lg;ksx'kf'kdkUr xqIr,lksf'k,V izksQslj ¼ls-fu-½] Mh-ch-,l- dkyst] nsgjknwu

vt; dqekj fc;kuh,lksf'k,V izksQslj] Mh-ch-,l- dkyst] nsgjknwu

uhykEcj iqusBkftyk leUo;d] ;w&dkLV] fiFkkSjkx<+

v'kksd dqekj iarjkT; leUo;d] jk"Vªh; cky foKku dkaxzsl] mÙkjk[k.M

fnus'k pUæ 'kekZxzkŒ o iksLV eLoklh] rglhy Lokj] jkeiqj] ¼m-iz-½

vuqØe

ikBdksa dh izfrfØ;k

lEikndh;

mÙkjk[k.M ds foKku _f"k 6 & Mk¡- 'kjn flag usxh & edq naq uhydBa tk's kh

vkb;s] foKkuh cusa & edq naq uhydBa tk's kh

okfudh esa chtksa dk egRo & vkes ohj flga

foKku dfork & i`Foh dk bfrgkl

i`Foh&lehi fiUMksa ds lEidZ ek/;e dk fof'k"V fe'ku ^U;ksokbt* dk lekiu & dkyh 'kda j

1 2,d ladVxzLr i{kh iztkfr & ,Mhcy usLV fLo¶V~ysV ¼gokfcy½ ?kksalys dk lwi! ,e- fot; ,oa ct's k deq kj

Lojkstxkj & eNyh ikyu m|ksx & ,lŒ dŒs xIq rk

foKku O;ax & iihrk isM+ ls D;ksa fxjk\ & v'kkds deq kj ncq s

dqN =qfV;k¡ tks cM+h oSKkfud [kkstksa dk dkj.k cuh & dyq nhi xjS kys k

foKku ,oa izkS|ksfxdh foHkkx lekpkj i=d

igy ds lekpkj

&

04

05

06

09

12

15

16

20

22

26

28

31

39

99oha Hkkjrh; foKku dk¡xzsl ¼Hkkfodk¡½ vHkwriwoZ foKku&egkdqaHk & fnu's k pUnz 'kekZ

dnyh o`{k vkLFkk ,oa oSKkfud n`f"V & ihΠlhΠik.Ms ,oa Hkkouk tk's kh ik.Ms

lko/kku! e/kqesg tkuysok gS & iesz pUnz JhokLro

fgUnh esa cky foKku lkfgR;% ,d n`f"V & vkboj ;fw 'k,y

foKku ys[ku ds izdk'k LrEHk MkΠjes'k nRr 'kekZ & vpuZ k cgxq .q kk

ifjra= dh dgkuh & gkfFk;ksa dh cqf)ekuh & fnu's k pUnz 'kekZ

viuk foKku Kku c<+kb;s & u mM+ ldus okys] i{kh! & nhikyh jk.kk

foKku O;ax fp= & v'kkds deq kj ncq s

foKku oxZ igsyh

40

45

50

53

56

58

60

67

66

vuqØe

ikBdksa dh izfrfØ;k

lEikndh;

mÙkjk[k.M ds foKku _f"k 6 & Mk¡- 'kjn flag usxh & edq naq uhydBa tk's kh

vkb;s] foKkuh cusa & edq naq uhydBa tk's kh

okfudh esa chtksa dk egRo & vkes ohj flga

foKku dfork & i`Foh dk bfrgkl

i`Foh&lehi fiUMksa ds lEidZ ek/;e dk fof'k"V fe'ku ^U;ksokbt* dk lekiu & dkyh 'kda j

1 2,d ladVxzLr i{kh iztkfr & ,Mhcy usLV fLo¶V~ysV ¼gokfcy½ ?kksalys dk lwi! ,e- fot; ,oa ct's k deq kj

Lojkstxkj & eNyh ikyu m|ksx & ,lŒ dŒs xIq rk

foKku O;ax & iihrk isM+ ls D;ksa fxjk\ & v'kkds deq kj ncq s

dqN =qfV;k¡ tks cM+h oSKkfud [kkstksa dk dkj.k cuh & dyq nhi xjS kys k

foKku ,oa izkS|ksfxdh foHkkx lekpkj i=d

igy ds lekpkj

&

04

05

06

09

12

15

16

20

22

26

28

31

39

99oha Hkkjrh; foKku dk¡xzsl ¼Hkkfodk¡½ vHkwriwoZ foKku&egkdqaHk & fnu's k pUnz 'kekZ

dnyh o`{k vkLFkk ,oa oSKkfud n`f"V & ihΠlhΠik.Ms ,oa Hkkouk tk's kh ik.Ms

lko/kku! e/kqesg tkuysok gS & iesz pUnz JhokLro

fgUnh esa cky foKku lkfgR;% ,d n`f"V & vkboj ;fw 'k,y

foKku ys[ku ds izdk'k LrEHk MkΠjes'k nRr 'kekZ & vpuZ k cgxq .q kk

ifjra= dh dgkuh & gkfFk;ksa dh cqf)ekuh & fnu's k pUnz 'kekZ

viuk foKku Kku c<+kb;s & u mM+ ldus okys] i{kh! & nhikyh jk.kk

foKku O;ax fp= & v'kkds deq kj ncq s

foKku oxZ igsyh

40

45

50

53

56

58

60

67

66

04 05

laikndh;

foKku ifjppkZ o"kZ 2] vad 3 tuojh&ekpZ 2012

ikBdksa dh izfrfØ;k

foKku ifjppkZ o"kZ 1 vda 4 ea s ^mÙkjk[k.M

ds foKku _f"k* LrEHk ea s vius x#q ikz Œs ,l-ih-

flga th dk ifjp;

rFkk muls lk{kkRdkj i<+ dj vR;Ur ilz ™krk

gbq AZ ikz Œs flga ,d vkn'kZ ikz /;kid jgs gAaS v/;kiu

ds ifz r mudk

lei.Z k gea s vkt Hkh ikz Rs lkfgr djrk gAS LukrdkÙs kj ikB;Øe ds nks o"kka Zs ea s dbZ ckj vk;kfs tr 'kfS {kd Hkez .k ea s

mUgkuas s gekjk ekxZ n'kuZ fd;k ,oa idz fr dh okuLifrd lia nk ds ifz r gekjh :fp dks tkxr fd;kA bUgha Hkez .kka s

ds nkjS ku ea S muds fudV lia dZ ea s vk;k ,oa x#q ds lkFk&lkFk mud

k fe=or~ O;ogkj Hkh ik;kA mUgkuas s

ikz -s t-s t-s

flga ds lkFk fgeky; dh ou lia nk ,oa ikfjfLFkfrdh ij dbZ mRd"V iLq rda as fy[kh ga S ftudh vUrjk"Z Vhª ; Lrj

ij

Hkh ljkguk gbq Z gAS fgeky; ds lUnHkZ ea s ;s iLq r

da s ouLifr foKku ds 'kk/s k Nk=ka s ds fy;s ehy dk iRFkj gAS

x<o+ ky fo'ofo|ky; ds dyq ifr ds :i ea s gea s mudh i'z kklfud n{krk dk Hkh ifjp; feykA muds vius

v/khuLFk vf/kdkfj;ka s ,oa depZ kfj;ka s ds ifz r i.w kZ fo'okl] lg;kxs ,oa rRd

ky fu.k;Z yus s dk gh Qy Fkk fd muds

dk;dZ ky ea s lHkh fo'ofo|ky; dk;Z fu;r le; i

j mÙke <xa ls i.w kZ gkrs s jgAs vdknfed dk;ka sZ ds vfrfjDr

mudh #fp [kys dnw ds ifz r Hkh jgh ftlds dkj.k os Nk=k]as depZ kfj;ka s ,oa v/;kidka s ds fudV lia dZ ea s jgAs ikz Œs

flga ds dk;dZ ky ea s gh fo'ofo|ky; ds nh{kkUr lekjkgs

ea s rRdkyhu jk"Viª fr ikz Œs ,-ih-t-s vCnyq dyke dk

vkxeu gvq kA fo'ofo|ky; dks dUs nhz ; fo'ofo|ky; dk ntkZ fn;s tkus grs q mudk i;z kl lofZ ofnr gAS

,ls s x#q dks ejs k dkfs V dkfs V i.z kkeA

foKku ifjppkZ dks Hkh ,ls s egku~ fo

Kku oÙs kk dk ifjp; idz kf'kr djus grs q c/kkbAZ

izksŒ ,-ch-HkÍ

ikz /;kid] ouLifr foKku

g-s u-c- x<o+ ky ¼dUs nhz ;½ fo'ofo|ky;

Jhuxj

o"kZ 2012 dks ge jk"Vhª ; xf.kr o"kZ ds :i ea s euk jgs gAaS bl o"kZ Hkkjr ds ,d egku~ xf.krK Jhfuokl jkekutq u dh 125oha o"kxZ kBa gAS okLro ea s xf.kr lkjs foKku dk eyw Hkrw vk/kkj gAS eu"q ; us fyfi dk vkfo"dkj rks cgrq ckn ea s fd;k ijUrq mlds fodkl ds igys pj.k ea s gh Hkk"kk vkjS lkFk gh lkFk xf.kr dh le> vk xbZ gkxs hA fo'o dh lHkh ikz phu lH;rkvka s ea s ge xf.kr dk fodkl n[s krs gAaS mlea s Hkh 'kUw ; dh dYiuk rFkk n'keku i)fr ls vda ka s dk idz Vhdj.k loiZ Fz ke Hkkjr ea s gvq k ,ls k fo}ku~ ekurs gAaS ikz phu Hkkjr ea s foKku dh ixz fr fo"k; ij tks Hkh v/;;u djrs ga S os gea s crkrs ga S fd gekjs ;gk¡ xf.kr ds {k=s ea s cgrq dk;Z gvq kA yx/k] cáz xIq r] vk;HZ kVV~ ] ojkgfefgj] vkfn dNq ,ls s xf.krK bl n’s k ea s g,q ftuds Kku ls xf.kr dh lHkh 'kk[kkvka srFkk [kxkys 'kkL= ea s Hkkjr fo'o ea s ,d vx.z kh n's k cukA fo'o ds vU; LFkkuka s ea s Hkh xf.kr dh ixz fr gks jgh Fkh rFkk Hkkjrh; xf.krK ogk¡ ds dk;ka Zs ls Hkh ifjfpr FkAs Kku dk vknku&inz ku fu;fer :i ls gkrs k FkkA xIq rdkyhu fo}ku~ ojkgfefgj us viuh ipa fl)kfUrdk uked iLq rd ea s xf.kr ds ikp¡ fl)kUrka s dk o.kuZ fd;k gAS os ga S l;w Z fl)kUr] ofl"B fl)kUr] ifq yl fl)kUr] jkes d lfa grk rFkk czáfl)kUrA buea s ls ifq y'k fl)kUr ;uw ku ds vyDs tfas M;ª k uked LFkku ds rFkk jkes d lfa grk jkes ¼bVyh½ ds fo)kuka s }kjk ifz rikfnr gAS bruk gh ugha ojkgfefgj us viuh cgRlfa grk uked xFaz k ea s rks ;gk¡ rd fy[k fn;k fd

^EyPs Nk fg ;ouk% r"s k]q lE;d~ 'kkL=e~ O;ofLFkre~_f"kor~ r·s fi iTw ;Ur]s fda iuq noZs fon~ f}t% ¼2-15½

vFkkrZ ~ lkjs 'kkL=ka s ds Kkrk EyPs N ;k ;ou Hkh gka s rks Hkh os _f"k;ka s ds leku gh itw uh; g(aS fQj f}t T;kfs rf"k;ka sdh ckr gh D;k g\S

Hkkjr dh ;g xf.krh; ijEijk vkxs Hkh pyrh jghA e/;dky ds HkkLdjkpk;Z ;k oreZ ku dky ds d:s ukuk N=]s x.k's k ilz kn] Jhfuokl jkekutq u]~ xkjs [k ilz kn ;k vkt ds t;Ur fo".kq ukjyhdj bl vfofPNUu ijEijk dh dfM;+ k¡ gAaS

dos y xf.kr gh ugha foKku ds vU; vuds {k=s ka s ea s Hkkjrh; pedrs jgs gAaS HkkfS rd foKku] jlk;u foKku] vk;oq nZs ] Hkou fuek.Z k foKku] Hkxw kys ] Hkfw oKku] ouLifr foKku] ikz .kh foKku tlS s 'k)q oKS kfud {k=s gka s ;k eukfs oKku] lkfgR; 'kkL=] lxa hr 'kkL=] rÙoKku] jktuhfr 'kkL= tlS s lkekftd fo"k; gka s Hkkjrh; ifz rHkk dHkh Hkh] dgha Hkh derj ugha jghA

;g lc ftruk lp gS mruk gh ;g Hkh lp gh gS fd fo’o ds vU; vuds Hkkxka s ds leku gh Hkkjr ea s Hkh oKS kfud nf"Vdk.s k dk fodkl vi{s kkdr de gh gvq kA v/a kfo'okl] <dkls ys ckth] vkLFkk ds uke ij Bxh Hkh [kcw iuih Qyw hA lkekftd fo"kerkvka s vkjS tkfrxr Hkns Hkkoka s us lekt dks [kk[s kyk dj fn;kA dgk¡ EyPs Nka s vkjS ;ouka s vFkkrZ ~ fonfs 'k;ka s dks Hkh _f"k;ka s ds leku lEekuuh; crkus okys ojkgfefgj vkjS dgk¡ vius gh n's kck/a koka s ls ?k.kk ,oa }"s k djus okys muds mÙkjkf/kdkjhA

vkt vko';drk gS lekt ea s oKS kfud lkps dks c<k+ ok nus s dhA ekuo us viuh ofq } ls iFoh dk Lo:i cny fn;k gAS bldh vPNkb;ka s dks og tlS s le>rk gS olS s gh mlls gkus s okys n"q ifj.kkeka s ls Hkh og fpfa rr gAS ;fn oKS kfud m™kfr us dNq leL;k;a s mRi™k dh ga S rks mudk lek/kku Hkh oKS kfud gh djxas ]s dj jgs gAaS vko';drk gS gekjs lcds vUnj oKS kfud fpUru~ ds fodkl dhA dos y [knq dh ihB FkiFkikdj gh tlS s dNq ugha feyrk olS s gh [knq dks dos y dkls rs jgrs vkjS blfy;s jkrs s jgus ls Hkh dNq ugha feyrkA ge ikz phu Hkkjrh; fojklr ij xoZ rks dj ldrs ga S ijUrq gekjs iow tZ ka s us ?kh [kk;k Fkk blfy;s gekjs gkFk lxq fU/kr ugha gkus s okyAs gea s rks Lo;a gh mBuk] tkxuk vkjS fo}kuka s ls Kku ikz Ir djuk gkxs kA gea s gekjs ikz phu rÙofpra d idq kj idq kj dj dg jgs ga S fd ^mfÙk"Br! tkxr! ikz I;ojkf™kck/s kr!* ¼dBkis fu"kn]~ 1-3-14½

^D;k vki lda Yi yxas s fd f'k{kd ,d lk/kd Hkh g\S * ;g lUn's k fn;k Fkk deq kÅ¡ fo'ofo|ky; ds iFz ke dyq ifr ikz -s Mh- Mh- iUr us ikz -s ljq Us nz irz ki flga dkAs foKku ifjppkZ ds o"kZ 2 vda 1 ea s mÙkjk[k.M ds foKku _f"k LrEHk ea s ikz -s flga ds lca /a k ea s y[s k i<+ dj e>q s mi;DZq r okD; dh ;kn vk xbAZ ikz + s flga us vius lk{kkRdkj ea s tks dNq crk;k mlls Lo;a fl} gks tkrk gS fd ,d egku oKS kfud gkrs s g,q Hkh os lknxh ds efw reZ ku irz hd gAaS tc mUgkuas s crk;k fd ^ejs s 'o'kjq dyq ifr Fk]s ejs s x:q fo"k; fo'k"s kK rks ejs k p;u rks gkus k gh FkkA ij e>q s ugha puq k x;kA puq s x;s Mk-W t-s t-s flgA tc os foHkkx ea s vk;s vkjS euS s muds }kjk fd;s x;s 'kk/s k dk;kZ s dks n[s kk rks ejs h le> ea s vk;k fd ea S muds lkeus dNq Hkh ugha FkkA euS s muds lkFk tMq --+ dj nl o"kka Zs rd dk;Z djds lh[kkA* bruh lkQxkbs Z ls ;FkkrF; ckrka s dks j[kuk rFkk viuk uez Hkko idz V djuk o;fDr ds pfj= dks vR;Pq p; f'k[kj ij igpaq k nus k gAS ikz -s flga dk vkRekfHkeku Hkh muds bl okD; ls idz V gkrs k gS fd euS s fon's k ;k=k,¡ mius 'kk/s k dk;ka Zs ds fy, rks dha ijUrq i<u+ s ds fy;s dHkh fon's k ugha x;kA ,ls s fo}ku foKku _f"k ljq Us nz irz ki flga ds f'k{kk ds ifz r lei.Z k dk bruk mÙke o.kuZ iLz rrq djus ds fy;s Mk-W edq Uq n uhyd.B tk's kh c/kkbZ ds ik= gAaSifjppkZ dk Mk-W vt; deq kj fc;kuh fyf[kr lEikndh; Hkh vR;Ur lUq nj vkjS lehphu gAS Kku&foKku ds {k=s ea sHkh cMk+ Hk"z Vkpkj QyS k gAS nlw jka s ds y[s k rFkk vkda Mk+ a s dks viuk cuk yus k] >Bw s vkda M+ s r;S kj djuk vkfn lc lpepq py jgk gAS bls jkds us ds i;z kl gkus s pkfg;AsifjppkZ ds vU; vuds y[s k Hkh Kkuo)dZ rFkk iBuh; gAS lkt lTtk dyos j Hkh vkd"kdZ gAS ,ls h mRre if=dk ds idz k'ku grs q lEiknd e.My rFkk mU; lHkh lca } O;fDr vfHkuUnuh; gAaS

izks- Mh- ih- ,l- [kUukfoHkkxk/;{k ¼l-s fu-½

lekt foKku foHkkx] g-s u- c- x<o+ ky fo'ofo|ky;]

Jhuxj

04 05

laikndh;

foKku ifjppkZ o"kZ 2] vad 3 tuojh&ekpZ 2012

ikBdksa dh izfrfØ;k

foKku ifjppkZ o"kZ 1 vda 4 ea s ^mÙkjk[k.M

ds foKku _f"k* LrEHk ea s vius x#q ikz Œs ,l-ih-

flga th dk ifjp;

rFkk muls lk{kkRdkj i<+ dj vR;Ur ilz ™krk

gbq AZ ikz Œs flga ,d vkn'kZ ikz /;kid jgs gAaS v/;kiu

ds ifz r mudk

lei.Z k gea s vkt Hkh ikz Rs lkfgr djrk gAS LukrdkÙs kj ikB;Øe ds nks o"kka Zs ea s dbZ ckj vk;kfs tr 'kfS {kd Hkez .k ea s

mUgkuas s gekjk ekxZ n'kuZ fd;k ,oa idz fr dh okuLifrd lia nk ds ifz r gekjh :fp dks tkxr fd;kA bUgha Hkez .kka s

ds nkjS ku ea S muds fudV lia dZ ea s vk;k ,oa x#q ds lkFk&lkFk mud

k fe=or~ O;ogkj Hkh ik;kA mUgkuas s

ikz -s t-s t-s

flga ds lkFk fgeky; dh ou lia nk ,oa ikfjfLFkfrdh ij dbZ mRd"V iLq rda as fy[kh ga S ftudh vUrjk"Z Vhª ; Lrj

ij

Hkh ljkguk gbq Z gAS fgeky; ds lUnHkZ ea s ;s iLq r

da s ouLifr foKku ds 'kk/s k Nk=ka s ds fy;s ehy dk iRFkj gAS

x<o+ ky fo'ofo|ky; ds dyq ifr ds :i ea s gea s mudh i'z kklfud n{krk dk Hkh ifjp; feykA muds vius

v/khuLFk vf/kdkfj;ka s ,oa depZ kfj;ka s ds ifz r i.w kZ fo'okl] lg;kxs ,oa rRd

ky fu.k;Z yus s dk gh Qy Fkk fd muds

dk;dZ ky ea s lHkh fo'ofo|ky; dk;Z fu;r le; i

j mÙke <xa ls i.w kZ gkrs s jgAs vdknfed dk;ka sZ ds vfrfjDr

mudh #fp [kys dnw ds ifz r Hkh jgh ftlds dkj.k os Nk=k]as depZ kfj;ka s ,oa v/;kidka s ds fudV lia dZ ea s jgAs ikz Œs

flga ds dk;dZ ky ea s gh fo'ofo|ky; ds nh{kkUr lekjkgs

ea s rRdkyhu jk"Viª fr ikz Œs ,-ih-t-s vCnyq dyke dk

vkxeu gvq kA fo'ofo|ky; dks dUs nhz ; fo'ofo|ky; dk ntkZ fn;s tkus grs q mudk i;z kl lofZ ofnr gAS

,ls s x#q dks ejs k dkfs V dkfs V i.z kkeA

foKku ifjppkZ dks Hkh ,ls s egku~ fo

Kku oÙs kk dk ifjp; idz kf'kr djus grs q c/kkbAZ

izksŒ ,-ch-HkÍ

ikz /;kid] ouLifr foKku

g-s u-c- x<o+ ky ¼dUs nhz ;½ fo'ofo|ky;

Jhuxj

o"kZ 2012 dks ge jk"Vhª ; xf.kr o"kZ ds :i ea s euk jgs gAaS bl o"kZ Hkkjr ds ,d egku~ xf.krK Jhfuokl jkekutq u dh 125oha o"kxZ kBa gAS okLro ea s xf.kr lkjs foKku dk eyw Hkrw vk/kkj gAS eu"q ; us fyfi dk vkfo"dkj rks cgrq ckn ea s fd;k ijUrq mlds fodkl ds igys pj.k ea s gh Hkk"kk vkjS lkFk gh lkFk xf.kr dh le> vk xbZ gkxs hA fo'o dh lHkh ikz phu lH;rkvka s ea s ge xf.kr dk fodkl n[s krs gAaS mlea s Hkh 'kUw ; dh dYiuk rFkk n'keku i)fr ls vda ka s dk idz Vhdj.k loiZ Fz ke Hkkjr ea s gvq k ,ls k fo}ku~ ekurs gAaS ikz phu Hkkjr ea s foKku dh ixz fr fo"k; ij tks Hkh v/;;u djrs ga S os gea s crkrs ga S fd gekjs ;gk¡ xf.kr ds {k=s ea s cgrq dk;Z gvq kA yx/k] cáz xIq r] vk;HZ kVV~ ] ojkgfefgj] vkfn dNq ,ls s xf.krK bl n’s k ea s g,q ftuds Kku ls xf.kr dh lHkh 'kk[kkvka srFkk [kxkys 'kkL= ea s Hkkjr fo'o ea s ,d vx.z kh n's k cukA fo'o ds vU; LFkkuka s ea s Hkh xf.kr dh ixz fr gks jgh Fkh rFkk Hkkjrh; xf.krK ogk¡ ds dk;ka Zs ls Hkh ifjfpr FkAs Kku dk vknku&inz ku fu;fer :i ls gkrs k FkkA xIq rdkyhu fo}ku~ ojkgfefgj us viuh ipa fl)kfUrdk uked iLq rd ea s xf.kr ds ikp¡ fl)kUrka s dk o.kuZ fd;k gAS os ga S l;w Z fl)kUr] ofl"B fl)kUr] ifq yl fl)kUr] jkes d lfa grk rFkk czáfl)kUrA buea s ls ifq y'k fl)kUr ;uw ku ds vyDs tfas M;ª k uked LFkku ds rFkk jkes d lfa grk jkes ¼bVyh½ ds fo)kuka s }kjk ifz rikfnr gAS bruk gh ugha ojkgfefgj us viuh cgRlfa grk uked xFaz k ea s rks ;gk¡ rd fy[k fn;k fd

^EyPs Nk fg ;ouk% r"s k]q lE;d~ 'kkL=e~ O;ofLFkre~_f"kor~ r·s fi iTw ;Ur]s fda iuq noZs fon~ f}t% ¼2-15½

vFkkrZ ~ lkjs 'kkL=ka s ds Kkrk EyPs N ;k ;ou Hkh gka s rks Hkh os _f"k;ka s ds leku gh itw uh; g(aS fQj f}t T;kfs rf"k;ka sdh ckr gh D;k g\S

Hkkjr dh ;g xf.krh; ijEijk vkxs Hkh pyrh jghA e/;dky ds HkkLdjkpk;Z ;k oreZ ku dky ds d:s ukuk N=]s x.k's k ilz kn] Jhfuokl jkekutq u]~ xkjs [k ilz kn ;k vkt ds t;Ur fo".kq ukjyhdj bl vfofPNUu ijEijk dh dfM;+ k¡ gAaS

dos y xf.kr gh ugha foKku ds vU; vuds {k=s ka s ea s Hkkjrh; pedrs jgs gAaS HkkfS rd foKku] jlk;u foKku] vk;oq nZs ] Hkou fuek.Z k foKku] Hkxw kys ] Hkfw oKku] ouLifr foKku] ikz .kh foKku tlS s 'k)q oKS kfud {k=s gka s ;k eukfs oKku] lkfgR; 'kkL=] lxa hr 'kkL=] rÙoKku] jktuhfr 'kkL= tlS s lkekftd fo"k; gka s Hkkjrh; ifz rHkk dHkh Hkh] dgha Hkh derj ugha jghA

;g lc ftruk lp gS mruk gh ;g Hkh lp gh gS fd fo’o ds vU; vuds Hkkxka s ds leku gh Hkkjr ea s Hkh oKS kfud nf"Vdk.s k dk fodkl vi{s kkdr de gh gvq kA v/a kfo'okl] <dkls ys ckth] vkLFkk ds uke ij Bxh Hkh [kcw iuih Qyw hA lkekftd fo"kerkvka s vkjS tkfrxr Hkns Hkkoka s us lekt dks [kk[s kyk dj fn;kA dgk¡ EyPs Nka s vkjS ;ouka s vFkkrZ ~ fonfs 'k;ka s dks Hkh _f"k;ka s ds leku lEekuuh; crkus okys ojkgfefgj vkjS dgk¡ vius gh n's kck/a koka s ls ?k.kk ,oa }"s k djus okys muds mÙkjkf/kdkjhA

vkt vko';drk gS lekt ea s oKS kfud lkps dks c<k+ ok nus s dhA ekuo us viuh ofq } ls iFoh dk Lo:i cny fn;k gAS bldh vPNkb;ka s dks og tlS s le>rk gS olS s gh mlls gkus s okys n"q ifj.kkeka s ls Hkh og fpfa rr gAS ;fn oKS kfud m™kfr us dNq leL;k;a s mRi™k dh ga S rks mudk lek/kku Hkh oKS kfud gh djxas ]s dj jgs gAaS vko';drk gS gekjs lcds vUnj oKS kfud fpUru~ ds fodkl dhA dos y [knq dh ihB FkiFkikdj gh tlS s dNq ugha feyrk olS s gh [knq dks dos y dkls rs jgrs vkjS blfy;s jkrs s jgus ls Hkh dNq ugha feyrkA ge ikz phu Hkkjrh; fojklr ij xoZ rks dj ldrs ga S ijUrq gekjs iow tZ ka s us ?kh [kk;k Fkk blfy;s gekjs gkFk lxq fU/kr ugha gkus s okyAs gea s rks Lo;a gh mBuk] tkxuk vkjS fo}kuka s ls Kku ikz Ir djuk gkxs kA gea s gekjs ikz phu rÙofpra d idq kj idq kj dj dg jgs ga S fd ^mfÙk"Br! tkxr! ikz I;ojkf™kck/s kr!* ¼dBkis fu"kn]~ 1-3-14½

^D;k vki lda Yi yxas s fd f'k{kd ,d lk/kd Hkh g\S * ;g lUn's k fn;k Fkk deq kÅ¡ fo'ofo|ky; ds iFz ke dyq ifr ikz -s Mh- Mh- iUr us ikz -s ljq Us nz irz ki flga dkAs foKku ifjppkZ ds o"kZ 2 vda 1 ea s mÙkjk[k.M ds foKku _f"k LrEHk ea s ikz -s flga ds lca /a k ea s y[s k i<+ dj e>q s mi;DZq r okD; dh ;kn vk xbAZ ikz + s flga us vius lk{kkRdkj ea s tks dNq crk;k mlls Lo;a fl} gks tkrk gS fd ,d egku oKS kfud gkrs s g,q Hkh os lknxh ds efw reZ ku irz hd gAaS tc mUgkuas s crk;k fd ^ejs s 'o'kjq dyq ifr Fk]s ejs s x:q fo"k; fo'k"s kK rks ejs k p;u rks gkus k gh FkkA ij e>q s ugha puq k x;kA puq s x;s Mk-W t-s t-s flgA tc os foHkkx ea s vk;s vkjS euS s muds }kjk fd;s x;s 'kk/s k dk;kZ s dks n[s kk rks ejs h le> ea s vk;k fd ea S muds lkeus dNq Hkh ugha FkkA euS s muds lkFk tMq --+ dj nl o"kka Zs rd dk;Z djds lh[kkA* bruh lkQxkbs Z ls ;FkkrF; ckrka s dks j[kuk rFkk viuk uez Hkko idz V djuk o;fDr ds pfj= dks vR;Pq p; f'k[kj ij igpaq k nus k gAS ikz -s flga dk vkRekfHkeku Hkh muds bl okD; ls idz V gkrs k gS fd euS s fon's k ;k=k,¡ mius 'kk/s k dk;ka Zs ds fy, rks dha ijUrq i<u+ s ds fy;s dHkh fon's k ugha x;kA ,ls s fo}ku foKku _f"k ljq Us nz irz ki flga ds f'k{kk ds ifz r lei.Z k dk bruk mÙke o.kuZ iLz rrq djus ds fy;s Mk-W edq Uq n uhyd.B tk's kh c/kkbZ ds ik= gAaSifjppkZ dk Mk-W vt; deq kj fc;kuh fyf[kr lEikndh; Hkh vR;Ur lUq nj vkjS lehphu gAS Kku&foKku ds {k=s ea sHkh cMk+ Hk"z Vkpkj QyS k gAS nlw jka s ds y[s k rFkk vkda Mk+ a s dks viuk cuk yus k] >Bw s vkda M+ s r;S kj djuk vkfn lc lpepq py jgk gAS bls jkds us ds i;z kl gkus s pkfg;AsifjppkZ ds vU; vuds y[s k Hkh Kkuo)dZ rFkk iBuh; gAS lkt lTtk dyos j Hkh vkd"kdZ gAS ,ls h mRre if=dk ds idz k'ku grs q lEiknd e.My rFkk mU; lHkh lca } O;fDr vfHkuUnuh; gAaS

izks- Mh- ih- ,l- [kUukfoHkkxk/;{k ¼l-s fu-½

lekt foKku foHkkx] g-s u- c- x<o+ ky fo'ofo|ky;]

Jhuxj

06 07

mŸkjk[k.M ds foKku _f"k & 6

Mk-W 'kjn flga uxs h

ge tc Hkh vkerkjS ij ou ;k txa y dh dYiuk djrs ga S rks gea s ,d ,ls s {k=s dk eu ea s fopkj vkrk gS tks l?ku o{kka s vkjS Øjw cuyS s i'kvq ka s ls Hkjk gks vkjS tgk¡ lH; ekuo lekt dk dkbs Z lnL; u jgrk gkAs blhfy;s 'kk;n ikz phu dky ea s fdlh dks nf.Mr ;k ihfMr+ djuk gks rks mls xkz e ;k uxj NkMs + ou ea s tk dj jgus dk vkn's k ns fn;k tkrk FkkA ddS ;s h us jke ds fy;s pknS g o"kZ dk vkjS dkjS oka s us ik.Moka s ds fy;s ckjg o"kZ dk ouokl blhfy;s ekxa k gkxs kA ;g Hkh dYiuk dh tkrh gS fd ouka s ea s _f"k efq u ?kkl&Qlw dh >kis Mh+ cuk dj ,dkUr ea s jg dj riL;k djrs FkAs bl idz kj lkekU; /kkj.kk ;gh Fkh fd ou Hkys vknfe;ka s ds fy;s ugha gkrs As Hkk"kk ea s Hkh ^og ,dne txa yh g*S ^ea S ?kj NkMs + na w rks D;k txa y ea s tk dj jg*¡w ;k txa yh dh rjg O;ogkj djuk NkMs + nk*s tlS s i;z kxs gekjh blh le> dks n'kkrZ s gAaS ijUrq vkt ou dh ;g dYiuk cny pdq h gAS ou lekt dk ,d Hkkx gAaS dkbs Z O;fä nf.Mr gkds j ;k riL;k djus ou ea s ioz 's k ugha dj ldrkA ou 'kk/s kdrkvZ k]as oKS kfudka s rFkk O;kikfj;ka s dh xfrfof/k;ka s ds dUs nz cu pdq s gAaS lkjs ou {k=s dh n[s kHkky rFkk O;oLFkk lH; lekt dk mŸkjnkf;Ro gS rFkk bl dk;Z ds fy;s vf/kdkfj;ka s rFkk oKS kfudka s dk ,d cgrq cMk+ legw dk;jZ r gAS ou oKS kfud vulq U/kku dk fo"k; gAS blls lca fa /kr vuds 'kk/s k lLa Fkku fo'o Hkj ea s vkjS gekjs n's k ea s Hkh dk;jZ r gAaS ngs jknuw fLFkr ou vulq /a kku lLa Fkku ,ls k gh ,d vx.z kh 'kk/s k lLa Fkku gAS bl lLa Fkku dk lkHS kkX; jgk gS fd blea s ,d ls ,d J"s B oKS kfud xr vuds o"kka Zs ls n's k rFkk fo'o dh ou lEink ds fofo/k vk;keka s ij vR;Ur mPp Lrjh; 'kk/s k dk;Z djrs vk jgs gAaS blhfy;s ,ls s lLa Fkku ds fun's kd in dk mŸkjnkf;Ro Hkh mlh ;kXs ;rk ds vf/kdkjh O;fä fuHkkrs jgs gAaS mÙkjk[k.M+ ds fy;s ;g ,d vR;Ur xkjS o dk fo"k; gS fd xr dNq o"kka Zs ls bl nkf;Ro dk fuogZ u mÙkjk[k.M ds ,d lirw l;q kXs ; ou vf/kdkjh] J"s B oKS kfud vfojke y[s kd rFkk d'q ky i'z kkld Mk-W 'kjn flga uxs h us fd;k gAS

eqdqUn uhyd.B tks'kh

fnukd¡ 1 viySz 1957 dks ,d lfS ud ifjokj ea s tUes Mk-W uxs h dk ikz jfa Hkd thou eljw h ea s chrkA muds firk lus k ea s ets j FkAs Mk-W uxs h us ikz Fkfed vkjS

ek/;fed f'k{kk eljw h ds lVas tktW Z dkyW ts ea s ikz Ir dhA rnuUrj ch-,llh- rFkk 1978 ea s ,e-,llh- ¼Hk&w foKku½ dh x<o+ ky fo'ofo|ky; dh mikf/k;k¡

n;kuUn ctUs nz Lo:i egkfo|ky;] ngs jknuw ea s v/;;u dj ikz Ir dhAa bl egkfo|ky; ea s ea S Hkh mudk ,d v/;kid FkkA fdlh Hkh O;fä ds fy;s

vius x#q ds lEeku ea s y[s k fy[kuk ftrus vkuUn dh ckr gks ldrh gS mlls vf/kd vkuUn dk fo"k; ,d v/;kid ds fy;s vius fo|kFkhZ dks J"s Brk ds f'k[kj ij fojkteku n[s kuk rFkk mldk xkjS o djus dk volj ikz Ir djuk gkrs k gS vkjS vkt ea S mldk vuHq ko dj jgk gA¡w ,e-,llh- djus ds ckn MkåW uxs h fgeky;h; Hkfw oKku ds 'kk/s k dk;Z ea s tVq x;s vkjS Mh-ch-,l- egkfo|ky; ds iow Z foHkkxk/;{k Mk-W ckyd".k ikMa ;s ds fun'Zs ku ea s lu~ 1985 ea s mUgkuas s ih-,pMh- dh mikf/k ikz Ir dhA ;g 'kk/s kdk;Z mUgkuas s okfM;+ k fgeky; Hkfw oKku lLa Fkku dh i;z kxs 'kkyk ea s fd;kA

blh chp os Hkkjrh; ou los k ds fy;s puq s x;s rFkk lu~ 1982 ea s mUgkuas s bfa M;u QkjW Ls V dkyW ts ls ou foKku ea smikf/k ikz Ir dhA oukf/kdkjh ds nkf;Ro dks fuHkkrs g,q Hkh Mk-W uxs h dh Kkufiiklk dHkh c>q h ugha vkjS lu~ 2005 ea s mUgkuas s gås uåcå x<o+ ky fo'ofo|ky; ls Hkfw oKku ea s Mh-,l-lh- dh lokPZs p mikf/k ikz Ir dhA bl fo'ofo|ky; ds os Hkfw oKku ds iFz ke Mh-,llh- gAS Mh-,llh- ds fy;s muds lykgdkj Fks Mh-ch-,l- egkfo|ky; ds ikz /;kid Mk-W ehuk{kh lUq nje~ vuUrjkeuA~

,d ckj dkbs Z O;fä ljdkjh vf/kdkjh cu tk; rks og ukdS j'kkgh ds tky ea s,ls k my> tkrk gS fd i<k+ bZ fy[kkbZ ds {k=s ls yxHkx dV gh tkrk gAS ijUrq Mk-W uxs h us vius 'kkldh; nkf;Roka s dk i.w kZ fu"Bk ds lkFk ikyu djrs g,q Hkh viuh Kku fiiklk dks dHkh Hkh c>q us ugha fn;kA ou vf/kdkjh ds :Ik ea s os fgekpy inz 's k ls lEc) g,q tgk¡ mUgkuas s lgk;d ou lja {kd] {k=s h; ou vf/kdkjh] ou lja {kd vkfn vuds inka s ij dk;Z fd;kA os 1994 ls 1997 rd ngs jknuw fLFkr bfa M;u dkmfa ly vkQW QkjW Ls Vhª fjlpZ ,.M ,tdq 's ku ds lgk;d egkfun's kd Hkh jgAs lu~ 2003 ls 2005 rd fgekpy inz 's k jkT; i;koZ j.k lja {k.k rFkk inz "w k.k fu;U=.k ckMs Z ds lnL; lfpo ds in dk dk;HZ kkj lHa kkykA v/;;u v/;kiu dh lgt LokHkkfod #fp ds dkj.k ngs jknuw fLFkr bfa njk xk/¡ kh u's kuy QkjW Ls V ,dMs es h ea s 1985 ls 1990 rd ,lkfs 'k,V ikz Qs ls j ds in ij

jg dj Hkkjrh; ou los k ea s vkus okys uofu;äq vf/kdkfj;ka s ds ifz 'k{k.k dk;ØZ e dk Hkh nkf;Ro mUgkuas s fuHkk;kA 1986 ls 1987 o"kZ ea s os teuZ h ea s E;fw u[k ea s fLFkr bLa VhV;~ Vw QkjW flYohdYpj ,.M QkjW Ls V euS ts eVas ea s vfrfFk oKS kfud ds :i ea sjgs tgk¡ mUgkuas s ou loa /kuZ fo"k; ij ikLs V MkDW Vjy 'kk/s k dk;Z fd;k rFkk vuds O;k[;ku Hkh fn;As lkFk gh xkfW Vta us fo'ofo|ky;] teuZ h rFkk cykjkV fo'ofo|ky;] vkLW Vfª y;k ea s Hkh mUgkuas s 'kk/s k dk;Z fd;kA

lu~ 2005 ls 2012 rd os ou vulq /a kku lLa Fkku ds fun's kd jgAs lkFk gh lkFk ou vulq /a kku lLa Fkku ekU; fo'ofo|ky; ds dyq ifr dk dk;HZ kkj Hkh mUgkuas s lHa kkyk ftlds }kjk os f'k{kk ds {k=s ds lkFk Hkh fujra j lca ) jgAs bl fo'ofo|ky; ls vc rd lkr 'kk/s k Nk= muds fun'Zs ku ea s ih,p-Mh- dh mikf/k ikz Ir dj pdq s gAaS

bl idz kj ofS o/;i.w kZ i'z kkldh; nkf;Roka sdk fuogZ u djrs g,q Hkh Mk-W uxs h ds vUnj dk oKS kfud rFkk y[s kd lnoS tkxr jgkA mUgkuas s uCcs ls vf/kd 'kk/s k i= fy[ks ga S tks Hkkjr rFkk fo'o dh vuds e/w kUZ ; foKku if=dkvka s ea s idz kf'kr g,q gAaS buds vfrfjä tu lkekU; ds fy;s ykds fi;z foKku y[s kd ds :i ea sHkh muds vuds y[s k idz kf'kr g,q gAaS

,d 'kk/s k oKS kfud ds :i ea s Mk-W uxs h us vuds n's kka s ea s vuds lxa kfs "B;ka s rFkk v/;;u ;k=kvka s ea s Hkkjr dk ifz rfuf/kRo fd;k gAS fo'k"s kdj teuZ h] Lius ] bXa y.S M] uhnjy.S M] l;a äq jkT; vefs jdk] dukMk+ ] phu] dca kfs M;+ k] ey;fs 'k;k] Jhyda k] cxa yk n's k] uis ky] Fkkby.S M] nf{k.k dkfs j;k vkfn vuds n's kka s ea s ou rFkk oKS kfudka s dk lia dZ mUga s ikz Ir gvq kA

Mk-W uxs h n's k rFkk fo'o dh vuds 'kk/s k ifj;kts ukvka s ls Hkh lca ) gAaS fo'k"s kdj ou vulq /a kku] ou foLrkj] ou ifz 'k{k.k] i;koZ j.k lja {k.k] ikz dfrd lla k/ku icz /a ku muds v/;;u ds iez [q k fo"k; jgs gAaS

Mk-W uxs h dk ,d vnH~ krq dk;Z gS mudk iLq rd y[s kuA vc rd mudh 128 iLq rda s idz kf'kr gks pdq h gAaS iLq rdka s dh ;g fo'kky l[a ;k gh vius ea s ,d miyfC/k gAS ijUrq dos y l[a ;k dk gh

egRo ugha gS oju~ iLq rdka s dh x.q koÙkk Hkh mruh gh mÙke gAS ;s lHkh iLq rda smuds vius oKS kfud v/;;u dk ifj.kke gAaS bl y[s k ea s mu lHkh iLq rdka sdh lpw h Hkh nus k lHa ko ugha gS ijUrq muea s ls vf/kdk'a k iLq rda s LokHkkfod :i ls fgeky; rFkk mldh ou lEink ls lca fa /kr gAS fgeky; ds i;koZ j.k] oU; thou] lkekftd oxhdZ j.k] ouoklh thou] ou foKku] fgeky;h; ufn;k]¡ >hya s rFkk fgeun] fgeky; ds mRikn] x<o+ ky dh Hkfw e rFkk tu] fgeky;h; eRL;] Hkkjr ds B<a s e#LFky] Hkkjr] uis ky rFkk HkVw ku ds vkds ] Vhd] ckla ] ou foKku ls lca fa /kr vuds ikB;~ iLq rd]as vkink icz /a ku ds fl)kUr vkfn vuds fo"k;ka s ij mUgkuas s bu iLq rdka s ds ek/;e ls idz k'k Mkyk gAS ups jq y fjlkls Z euS ts eVas bu fgeky; ds rhu [k.M] eUS ;vq y vkQW bf.M;u QkjW Ls Vjh ds ikp¡ [k.M] bf.M;u Vhª t ,.M nvs j flYohdYpj ds nks [k.M rFkk , VDs LV cdq vkQW QkjW Ls Vjh ,.M okbYM ykbQ ds nks [k.M muds vR;Ur egŸoi.w kZ ;kxs nku gAaS vxa tsz h ds vfrfjä fgna h ea sHkh ^lkekftd okfudh ds fl)kUr* 'kh"kdZ iLq rd mUgkuas s fy[kh gAS ,d egku~ ou oKS kfud lj MhfV'ª k cfSz .Ml dh thouh] dFkk lkfgR; ^vkiW j's ku i"q id* rFkk ^n bfexVazS ,.M vnj 'kkVW Z LVkjs ht* fy[k dj mUgkuas s foKku lkfgR; dks Hkh le) fd;k gAS

ou vulq /a kku lLa Fkku ds fun's kd dk viuk dk;Z dky i.w kZ dj os iuq % fgekpy inz 's k ds vius eyw los kLFkku ea svc tk jgs gAaS xr fnuka s foKku ifjppkZ dh vkjs ls euS s muls HkVas dj fofHkUu fo"k;ka s ij muls ppkZ dh ftldk dNq v'a k ;gk¡ ij ifjppkZ ds ikBdka s ds fy;s iLz rrq gAS

foKku ifjppkZ %& MkåW uxs h! vkius ,d ou vf/kdkjh ds :i ea s cgrq cMk+ vuHq ko ikz Ir fd;k gAaS ijUrq vki ek= ,d ou vf/kdkjh gh ugha g]S ,d oKS kfud Hkh gAS vkidh bl miyfC/k dk J;s vki fdls nxas As

usxh & fuf'pr :i ls n;kuUn ctUs nz Lo:i egkfo|ky; dkAs vkneh ds thou ea s tks Hkh fu[kkj vkrk gS mlea s

foKku ifjppkZ o"kZ 2] vad 3 tuojh&ekpZ 2012

06 07

mŸkjk[k.M ds foKku _f"k & 6

Mk-W 'kjn flga uxs h

ge tc Hkh vkerkjS ij ou ;k txa y dh dYiuk djrs ga S rks gea s ,d ,ls s {k=s dk eu ea s fopkj vkrk gS tks l?ku o{kka s vkjS Øjw cuyS s i'kvq ka s ls Hkjk gks vkjS tgk¡ lH; ekuo lekt dk dkbs Z lnL; u jgrk gkAs blhfy;s 'kk;n ikz phu dky ea s fdlh dks nf.Mr ;k ihfMr+ djuk gks rks mls xkz e ;k uxj NkMs + ou ea s tk dj jgus dk vkn's k ns fn;k tkrk FkkA ddS ;s h us jke ds fy;s pknS g o"kZ dk vkjS dkjS oka s us ik.Moka s ds fy;s ckjg o"kZ dk ouokl blhfy;s ekxa k gkxs kA ;g Hkh dYiuk dh tkrh gS fd ouka s ea s _f"k efq u ?kkl&Qlw dh >kis Mh+ cuk dj ,dkUr ea s jg dj riL;k djrs FkAs bl idz kj lkekU; /kkj.kk ;gh Fkh fd ou Hkys vknfe;ka s ds fy;s ugha gkrs As Hkk"kk ea s Hkh ^og ,dne txa yh g*S ^ea S ?kj NkMs + na w rks D;k txa y ea s tk dj jg*¡w ;k txa yh dh rjg O;ogkj djuk NkMs + nk*s tlS s i;z kxs gekjh blh le> dks n'kkrZ s gAaS ijUrq vkt ou dh ;g dYiuk cny pdq h gAS ou lekt dk ,d Hkkx gAaS dkbs Z O;fä nf.Mr gkds j ;k riL;k djus ou ea s ioz 's k ugha dj ldrkA ou 'kk/s kdrkvZ k]as oKS kfudka s rFkk O;kikfj;ka s dh xfrfof/k;ka s ds dUs nz cu pdq s gAaS lkjs ou {k=s dh n[s kHkky rFkk O;oLFkk lH; lekt dk mŸkjnkf;Ro gS rFkk bl dk;Z ds fy;s vf/kdkfj;ka s rFkk oKS kfudka s dk ,d cgrq cMk+ legw dk;jZ r gAS ou oKS kfud vulq U/kku dk fo"k; gAS blls lca fa /kr vuds 'kk/s k lLa Fkku fo'o Hkj ea s vkjS gekjs n's k ea s Hkh dk;jZ r gAaS ngs jknuw fLFkr ou vulq /a kku lLa Fkku ,ls k gh ,d vx.z kh 'kk/s k lLa Fkku gAS bl lLa Fkku dk lkHS kkX; jgk gS fd blea s ,d ls ,d J"s B oKS kfud xr vuds o"kka Zs ls n's k rFkk fo'o dh ou lEink ds fofo/k vk;keka s ij vR;Ur mPp Lrjh; 'kk/s k dk;Z djrs vk jgs gAaS blhfy;s ,ls s lLa Fkku ds fun's kd in dk mŸkjnkf;Ro Hkh mlh ;kXs ;rk ds vf/kdkjh O;fä fuHkkrs jgs gAaS mÙkjk[k.M+ ds fy;s ;g ,d vR;Ur xkjS o dk fo"k; gS fd xr dNq o"kka Zs ls bl nkf;Ro dk fuogZ u mÙkjk[k.M ds ,d lirw l;q kXs ; ou vf/kdkjh] J"s B oKS kfud vfojke y[s kd rFkk d'q ky i'z kkld Mk-W 'kjn flga uxs h us fd;k gAS

eqdqUn uhyd.B tks'kh

fnukd¡ 1 viySz 1957 dks ,d lfS ud ifjokj ea s tUes Mk-W uxs h dk ikz jfa Hkd thou eljw h ea s chrkA muds firk lus k ea s ets j FkAs Mk-W uxs h us ikz Fkfed vkjS

ek/;fed f'k{kk eljw h ds lVas tktW Z dkyW ts ea s ikz Ir dhA rnuUrj ch-,llh- rFkk 1978 ea s ,e-,llh- ¼Hk&w foKku½ dh x<o+ ky fo'ofo|ky; dh mikf/k;k¡

n;kuUn ctUs nz Lo:i egkfo|ky;] ngs jknuw ea s v/;;u dj ikz Ir dhAa bl egkfo|ky; ea s ea S Hkh mudk ,d v/;kid FkkA fdlh Hkh O;fä ds fy;s

vius x#q ds lEeku ea s y[s k fy[kuk ftrus vkuUn dh ckr gks ldrh gS mlls vf/kd vkuUn dk fo"k; ,d v/;kid ds fy;s vius fo|kFkhZ dks J"s Brk ds f'k[kj ij fojkteku n[s kuk rFkk mldk xkjS o djus dk volj ikz Ir djuk gkrs k gS vkjS vkt ea S mldk vuHq ko dj jgk gA¡w ,e-,llh- djus ds ckn MkåW uxs h fgeky;h; Hkfw oKku ds 'kk/s k dk;Z ea s tVq x;s vkjS Mh-ch-,l- egkfo|ky; ds iow Z foHkkxk/;{k Mk-W ckyd".k ikMa ;s ds fun'Zs ku ea s lu~ 1985 ea s mUgkuas s ih-,pMh- dh mikf/k ikz Ir dhA ;g 'kk/s kdk;Z mUgkuas s okfM;+ k fgeky; Hkfw oKku lLa Fkku dh i;z kxs 'kkyk ea s fd;kA

blh chp os Hkkjrh; ou los k ds fy;s puq s x;s rFkk lu~ 1982 ea s mUgkuas s bfa M;u QkjW Ls V dkyW ts ls ou foKku ea smikf/k ikz Ir dhA oukf/kdkjh ds nkf;Ro dks fuHkkrs g,q Hkh Mk-W uxs h dh Kkufiiklk dHkh c>q h ugha vkjS lu~ 2005 ea s mUgkuas s gås uåcå x<o+ ky fo'ofo|ky; ls Hkfw oKku ea s Mh-,l-lh- dh lokPZs p mikf/k ikz Ir dhA bl fo'ofo|ky; ds os Hkfw oKku ds iFz ke Mh-,llh- gAS Mh-,llh- ds fy;s muds lykgdkj Fks Mh-ch-,l- egkfo|ky; ds ikz /;kid Mk-W ehuk{kh lUq nje~ vuUrjkeuA~

,d ckj dkbs Z O;fä ljdkjh vf/kdkjh cu tk; rks og ukdS j'kkgh ds tky ea s,ls k my> tkrk gS fd i<k+ bZ fy[kkbZ ds {k=s ls yxHkx dV gh tkrk gAS ijUrq Mk-W uxs h us vius 'kkldh; nkf;Roka s dk i.w kZ fu"Bk ds lkFk ikyu djrs g,q Hkh viuh Kku fiiklk dks dHkh Hkh c>q us ugha fn;kA ou vf/kdkjh ds :Ik ea s os fgekpy inz 's k ls lEc) g,q tgk¡ mUgkuas s lgk;d ou lja {kd] {k=s h; ou vf/kdkjh] ou lja {kd vkfn vuds inka s ij dk;Z fd;kA os 1994 ls 1997 rd ngs jknuw fLFkr bfa M;u dkmfa ly vkQW QkjW Ls Vhª fjlpZ ,.M ,tdq 's ku ds lgk;d egkfun's kd Hkh jgAs lu~ 2003 ls 2005 rd fgekpy inz 's k jkT; i;koZ j.k lja {k.k rFkk inz "w k.k fu;U=.k ckMs Z ds lnL; lfpo ds in dk dk;HZ kkj lHa kkykA v/;;u v/;kiu dh lgt LokHkkfod #fp ds dkj.k ngs jknuw fLFkr bfa njk xk/¡ kh u's kuy QkjW Ls V ,dMs es h ea s 1985 ls 1990 rd ,lkfs 'k,V ikz Qs ls j ds in ij

jg dj Hkkjrh; ou los k ea s vkus okys uofu;äq vf/kdkfj;ka s ds ifz 'k{k.k dk;ØZ e dk Hkh nkf;Ro mUgkuas s fuHkk;kA 1986 ls 1987 o"kZ ea s os teuZ h ea s E;fw u[k ea s fLFkr bLa VhV;~ Vw QkjW flYohdYpj ,.M QkjW Ls V euS ts eVas ea s vfrfFk oKS kfud ds :i ea sjgs tgk¡ mUgkuas s ou loa /kuZ fo"k; ij ikLs V MkDW Vjy 'kk/s k dk;Z fd;k rFkk vuds O;k[;ku Hkh fn;As lkFk gh xkfW Vta us fo'ofo|ky;] teuZ h rFkk cykjkV fo'ofo|ky;] vkLW Vfª y;k ea s Hkh mUgkuas s 'kk/s k dk;Z fd;kA

lu~ 2005 ls 2012 rd os ou vulq /a kku lLa Fkku ds fun's kd jgAs lkFk gh lkFk ou vulq /a kku lLa Fkku ekU; fo'ofo|ky; ds dyq ifr dk dk;HZ kkj Hkh mUgkuas s lHa kkyk ftlds }kjk os f'k{kk ds {k=s ds lkFk Hkh fujra j lca ) jgAs bl fo'ofo|ky; ls vc rd lkr 'kk/s k Nk= muds fun'Zs ku ea s ih,p-Mh- dh mikf/k ikz Ir dj pdq s gAaS

bl idz kj ofS o/;i.w kZ i'z kkldh; nkf;Roka sdk fuogZ u djrs g,q Hkh Mk-W uxs h ds vUnj dk oKS kfud rFkk y[s kd lnoS tkxr jgkA mUgkuas s uCcs ls vf/kd 'kk/s k i= fy[ks ga S tks Hkkjr rFkk fo'o dh vuds e/w kUZ ; foKku if=dkvka s ea s idz kf'kr g,q gAaS buds vfrfjä tu lkekU; ds fy;s ykds fi;z foKku y[s kd ds :i ea sHkh muds vuds y[s k idz kf'kr g,q gAaS

,d 'kk/s k oKS kfud ds :i ea s Mk-W uxs h us vuds n's kka s ea s vuds lxa kfs "B;ka s rFkk v/;;u ;k=kvka s ea s Hkkjr dk ifz rfuf/kRo fd;k gAS fo'k"s kdj teuZ h] Lius ] bXa y.S M] uhnjy.S M] l;a äq jkT; vefs jdk] dukMk+ ] phu] dca kfs M;+ k] ey;fs 'k;k] Jhyda k] cxa yk n's k] uis ky] Fkkby.S M] nf{k.k dkfs j;k vkfn vuds n's kka s ea s ou rFkk oKS kfudka s dk lia dZ mUga s ikz Ir gvq kA

Mk-W uxs h n's k rFkk fo'o dh vuds 'kk/s k ifj;kts ukvka s ls Hkh lca ) gAaS fo'k"s kdj ou vulq /a kku] ou foLrkj] ou ifz 'k{k.k] i;koZ j.k lja {k.k] ikz dfrd lla k/ku icz /a ku muds v/;;u ds iez [q k fo"k; jgs gAaS

Mk-W uxs h dk ,d vnH~ krq dk;Z gS mudk iLq rd y[s kuA vc rd mudh 128 iLq rda s idz kf'kr gks pdq h gAaS iLq rdka s dh ;g fo'kky l[a ;k gh vius ea s ,d miyfC/k gAS ijUrq dos y l[a ;k dk gh

egRo ugha gS oju~ iLq rdka s dh x.q koÙkk Hkh mruh gh mÙke gAS ;s lHkh iLq rda smuds vius oKS kfud v/;;u dk ifj.kke gAaS bl y[s k ea s mu lHkh iLq rdka sdh lpw h Hkh nus k lHa ko ugha gS ijUrq muea s ls vf/kdk'a k iLq rda s LokHkkfod :i ls fgeky; rFkk mldh ou lEink ls lca fa /kr gAS fgeky; ds i;koZ j.k] oU; thou] lkekftd oxhdZ j.k] ouoklh thou] ou foKku] fgeky;h; ufn;k]¡ >hya s rFkk fgeun] fgeky; ds mRikn] x<o+ ky dh Hkfw e rFkk tu] fgeky;h; eRL;] Hkkjr ds B<a s e#LFky] Hkkjr] uis ky rFkk HkVw ku ds vkds ] Vhd] ckla ] ou foKku ls lca fa /kr vuds ikB;~ iLq rd]as vkink icz /a ku ds fl)kUr vkfn vuds fo"k;ka s ij mUgkuas s bu iLq rdka s ds ek/;e ls idz k'k Mkyk gAS ups jq y fjlkls Z euS ts eVas bu fgeky; ds rhu [k.M] eUS ;vq y vkQW bf.M;u QkjW Ls Vjh ds ikp¡ [k.M] bf.M;u Vhª t ,.M nvs j flYohdYpj ds nks [k.M rFkk , VDs LV cdq vkQW QkjW Ls Vjh ,.M okbYM ykbQ ds nks [k.M muds vR;Ur egŸoi.w kZ ;kxs nku gAaS vxa tsz h ds vfrfjä fgna h ea sHkh ^lkekftd okfudh ds fl)kUr* 'kh"kdZ iLq rd mUgkuas s fy[kh gAS ,d egku~ ou oKS kfud lj MhfV'ª k cfSz .Ml dh thouh] dFkk lkfgR; ^vkiW j's ku i"q id* rFkk ^n bfexVazS ,.M vnj 'kkVW Z LVkjs ht* fy[k dj mUgkuas s foKku lkfgR; dks Hkh le) fd;k gAS

ou vulq /a kku lLa Fkku ds fun's kd dk viuk dk;Z dky i.w kZ dj os iuq % fgekpy inz 's k ds vius eyw los kLFkku ea svc tk jgs gAaS xr fnuka s foKku ifjppkZ dh vkjs ls euS s muls HkVas dj fofHkUu fo"k;ka s ij muls ppkZ dh ftldk dNq v'a k ;gk¡ ij ifjppkZ ds ikBdka s ds fy;s iLz rrq gAS

foKku ifjppkZ %& MkåW uxs h! vkius ,d ou vf/kdkjh ds :i ea s cgrq cMk+ vuHq ko ikz Ir fd;k gAaS ijUrq vki ek= ,d ou vf/kdkjh gh ugha g]S ,d oKS kfud Hkh gAS vkidh bl miyfC/k dk J;s vki fdls nxas As

usxh & fuf'pr :i ls n;kuUn ctUs nz Lo:i egkfo|ky; dkAs vkneh ds thou ea s tks Hkh fu[kkj vkrk gS mlea s

foKku ifjppkZ o"kZ 2] vad 3 tuojh&ekpZ 2012

08 09

^foKkuh cu\sa * D;k ckr djrs g\aS ge vkjS foKkuh\ vjs Hkkb]Z foKku ls rks gekjk lca /a k d{kk vkB rd gh FkkA rc Hkh gea sfoKku vkjS xf.kr bu nkus ka s us fdruk lrk;k Fkk D;k crk;a s vkidkAs [kjS ] vkBoha ds ckn foKku ls rks tlS s rlS s fi.M NVw k ij xf.kr rks nloha rd vfuok;Z gh FkkA geus nloha dh ckMs Z dh ijh{kk ea s xf.kr ds ipZ s dlS s ijw s fd;s cl ge gh tkurs gAaS ;-w ih- ckMs Z ea s yMf+ d;ka sds fy, xf.kr dh txg gkes lkbla fo"k; gkrs k FkkA u tkus fdruh ckj geus b'Z oj dks dkls k gkxs k fd mlus gea syMd+ h D;ka s ugha cuk;kA Hkk"kk ea s gekjh ne Fkk] lkfgR; ea s #fp Fkh] ij foKku\ jke cpk;As vkjS vki gea s foKkuh cuus dks dg jgs g\aS *

^#fd;]s HkkbZ lkgc] #fd;As vkius ,d ckD; dk tjk lk Vdq Mk+ luq k vkjS vki rks 'k:q gks x;As vjs Hkkb]Z ge vkils foKkuh cuus ds fy;s dg jgs g]aS oKS kfud ughAa vkius foKku dh i<k+ bZ dh ;k ugha bldk dkbs Z egRo ugha gAS foKku oxZ ea s ekus tkus okys fo"k;ka s dk i<u+ k ,dne vyx pht gAS vkius dkuS lk fo"k; i<k+ gS blls gea s dkbs Z lca /a k ughAa cfYd ge rks ;gk¡ rd dgrs ga S fd vkius dNq Hkh u i<k+ gk]s vkids ikl dkbs Z Hkh fMxhz u gks rks Hkh vki foKkuh cu ldrs gAaS *

lgj O;fDr foKkuh cu ldrk gAS bldk foKku ds fo"k; i<u+ s ls dkbs Z lca /a k ugha gkrs kA

lfujh{k.k] ijh{k.k vk/kkfjr rdiZ .w k]Z cfq }xE; fu"d"kZ ij igpqa us dk uke foKku gAS tks ,ls k djs og foKkuhA

lfofHkUu /keka Zs ds lLa Fkkid ixS Ecj] nos nrw ] vorkjh i#q "k] Lefr;ka s ds fuek.Z kdrkZ _f"k efq u] dky dh vko';drkulq kj uhfr fu;keka s ea s ifjoruZ djus okys vkfn 'kda jkpk;Z ds leku egki#q "k lc foKkuh FkAs

lv/a kfo'okl] djq hfr;k]as diq Fz kkvk]as :f<;+ ka s vknh dh tMr+ k ls ckgj fudfy;s vkjS foKkuh cfu;As

^vkidh ckr fo'okl djus yk;d ugha gAS ;g rks ogh gvq k fd lLa dr ds e=a ;kn fd;s fcuk ifa Mr ;k lxa hr dh lk/kuk fd;s fcuk xk;d cuk tk ldrk gAS gkrs k gkxs k fdlh vnH~ krq ] vekuoh; ifz rHkk'kkyh ds fy;s ,ls k djuk lEHkoA ijUrq ge rks lk/kkj.k ls vklS r ntZ s ds vkneh gAaS ge ,ls k dNq ugha dj ldrAs ge rks vkidh ckr ds dk;y ugha gks ldrAs *

^Bhd g]S ea S viuh ckr vkidks <xa ls le>kus dh dkfs 'k'k djrk gA¡w vPNk] igys ;g crkb;s fd vki f'kf{kr fdls dgxas As *

^;g Hkh dkbs Z loky g\S tks i<+ fy[k lds og f'kf{kr gAS tks fdrkc i<+ ldrk gk]s fglkc dj ldrk gk]s fpVB~ h fy[k ldrk gks og f'kf{kr gAS *

^ugh]a ejs s fopkj ls ;gha vki xyrh dj jgs gAaS tks i<+ fy[k ldrk gks og lk{kj

dgyk;xs kA f'kf{kr gkus s ls bldk dkbs Z lca /a k ugha gAS lj lh- ih- jkekLokeh v;xa kj uke ds ,d cgrq cMs + O;fDr gks x;s gAaS cgrq cM+ s odhy FkAs elS jw jkT; ds nhoku FkAs os dgrs Fks fd ejs h ek¡ i<+ fy[k ugha ldrh] ,dne fuj{kj gS ijUrq og f'kf{kr gAS vkjS ejs k ,d lgk;d lk{kj gS ijUrq vf'kf{kr gAS *

^vkidh ckr ijw h flj ds Åij ls fudy xbAZ lk{kj vkjS f'kf{kr D;k nks vyx&vyx ckrs g\aS *

^gk]¡ ,dne vyx gAaS lk{kj rks os lHkh ga S ftUgkuas s v{kj Kku ikz Ir dj fy;kA ;g rks ;kfU=d ifz Ø;k gS tks vH;kl ls vk tkrh gAS tlS s jVuk ,d fØ;k gAS ea S,ls s vuds ons ikBh fo}kuka s dks tkurk Fkk] ftUga s vius ons dh ijw h lfa grk dBa LFk FkhA lkjk ons mlds lgh Lojka s ds lkFk os ,d cBS d ea s ijw k luq k ldrs FkAs ijUrq viuk gLrk{kj ugha dj ldrs FkAs

lokfZ /kd ;kxs nku ml f'k{k.k lLa Fkk dk gkrs k gS tgk¡ mlus v/;;u fd;kA Mh-ch-,l- egkfo|ky;] ngs jknuw dos y ,d d{kk/;kiu dk dUs nz gh ugha jgk ojUk~ fo'o ds cgeq [q kh n'kuZ djkus okyk vkjS O;fäRo dks fn'kk inz ku djus okyk dUs nz jgk gAS fo'k"s kdj Hkfw oKku foHkkx ds v/;kidka s ds lia dZ ds dkj.k tlS s ejs h fo"k; dks xgjkbZ ls le>us dh {kerk fodflr gbq Z olS s gh nf"Vdk.s k Hkh O;kid gvq kA

fo-i-& vius egkfo|ky;h; dky ea svki ;oq k dkxa lsz ls Hkh tMq s + FkAs ckn ea s'kkldh; los k ea s vkus ds ckn og lca /a k lekIr gks x;k gkxs kA ml jktuhfrd lca /a k dk vkids 'k{S kf.kd thou ij dlS k iHz kko iMk+ \

usxh& vR;Ur mÙkeA fo"k; dk v/;;u ,d fcUnq gAS yfs du lkekftd dk;Z O;fäRo fodkl dk ,d egRoi.w kZ vk;ke gAS ml dk;Z dks djus ds dkj.k lkotZ fud leL;kvka s dks fudV ls tkuus le>us dk volj feyk ftuls fopkjka s ea s ifjiDork vkbZ tks vkxs Hkh i'z kkldh; dk;Z djrs le; vR;Ur mi;kxs h jghA

fo-i-& vc ,d i'z u oreZ ku ou leL;k ls lca fa /krA i;koZ j.k j{kk grs q ouka s dk egÙo lofZ ofnr gAS ijUrq ouka sdk lja {k.k fodkl dk;ka Zs dh ck/kk Hkh cu jgk gAS njw njkt ds {k=s ka s ea s lMd+ ugha cu ldrh D;kfas d og ou dk Hkkx gAS mlh idz kj [kkua s ugha [knq ldrha D;kfas d og LFkku ou {k=s ea s gAS bl fodkl vkjS ou lja {k.k ds l?a k"kZ dks vki dlS s n[s krs g\S

usxh& ea S bls l?a k"kZ ugha ekurkA ou lja {k.k vko';d gS blea s nks jk; ugha gks ldrhA fodkl ds dk;Z Hkh gkus s pkfg;s ;g Hkh Bhd gh gAS fo'k"s kdj jkLrs rks cuus gh pkfg;As njw LFk xkz eoklh ;fn vius df"k mRikn dks e.Mh rd ys tkuk pkgrk gS rks mls jkLrk pkfg;As ikz dfrd vkink ds le; lgk;rk igpaq kuh gks rks jkLrk pkfg;As fdlh jkxs h dks MkDW Vj ;k vLirky rd tkuk gS rks jkLrk pkfg;As ijUrq ou {k=s dk ifjj{k.k Hkh mruk gh vko';d gAS bu nkus ka s gh ckrka s dks lk/krs g,q gh 'kkldh;

uhfr;k¡ curh gAaS ou ifjj{k.k rFkk loa /kuZ vf/kd egÙoi.w kZ gAS blhfy;s lu~ 1980 ea s Hkkjr ljdkj us ou ifjj{k.k vf/kfu;e ikfjr fd;kA igys ou Hkfw e dks vU; dk;ka Zs ea s cnyus dk vf/kdkj jkT;ka s ds ikl Fkk ijUrq bl vf/kfu;e ds ckn dUs nz dh vueq fr ds fcuk ,ls k ugha fd;k tk ldrkA mlds ckn 1998 ea s lokPZs p U;k;ky; us ,d QlS ys ea s ou dks ifjHkkf"kr dj fn;kA blds vulq kj Hkfw e dk tks Hkkx eyw iiz =ka s ea s ou gS og ou {k=s gh ekuk tk;xs k Hkys gh ogk¡ ij ,d Hkh iMs + u [kMk+ gkAs bu dBkjs fu;eka s dk ikyu Hkh dBkjs rk ls gh gkrs k gAS ;fn fdlh ou vf/kdkjh us ou Hkfw e dk nlw jk mi;kxs djus dh vueq fr nh rks og Lo;a Hkh n.M dk ik= gks tkrk gAS blhfy;s vuds jkT; ljdkja s dUs nz ls bu fu;eka s ea s <hy nus s dk vkxgz djrh jgrh gASa ijUrq bu dBkjs fu;eka s dk ,d Qy fuf'pr :i ls gvq k gS fd xr nks o"kka Zs ea s Hkkjr dk ou {k=s 23 ifz r'kr ij fLFkj cuk gvq k gS vFkkrZ ~ vc ou Hkfw e dk {kj.k :d x;k gAS vkt mÙkjk[k.M vkjS fgekpy inz 's k dk 66 ifz r'kr {k=s ou {k=s gS ;g gekjs LoLFk i;koZ j.k ds fd;s l[q kn lda rs gAS

fo-i-& vki ou los k ds ,d i'z kklfud vf/kdkjh gAaS ;g ou vulq /a kku lLa Fkku ,d oKS kfud 'kk/s k dk dUs nz gS tgk¡ ij cM&s+ cMs + mPp dkfs V ds oKS kfud dk;jZ r gAaS ,ls s dUs nz dk fun's kd ,d i'z kklfud vf/kdkjh gks rks D;k mls dfBukb;k¡ ugha vk ldrh\ vki Lo;a ,d oKS kfud Hkh ga S vr% vki dks Hkys gh ,ls h leL;k u vkbZ gks ijUrq D;k ,ls k lHa ko ugha g\S

usxh& e>q s ,ls h dkbs Z leL;k ugha vkbAZ vkjS fdlh dks Hkh ugha vk;xs h D;kfas d fun's kd in ij ,ls s gh O;fä dh fu;fq ä gkrs h gS tks Lo;a oKS kfud 'kk/s k dk vuHq ko j[krk gkAs

fo-i-& i'z kklfud los k ea s vkus dh r;S kjh dj jgs fo|kfFk;Z ka s dks vki D;k ijke'kZ nxas \s

usxh& fyf[kr ijh{kk ea s v/;;u ds fo"k; dh xgjkbZ dke vkrh gAS lk{kkRdkj ea s fo"k; dk Kku ugha n[s kk tkrkA ogk¡ dos y O;fäRo ij /;ku fn;k tkrk gAS e>q s vkb-,Q-,l- ds

lkFk&lkFk vkb-,-,l- ds lk{kkRdkj ea s Hkh nks ckj ckMs Z ds lnL; ds :i ea s cBS us dk volj feykA ogk¡ fo|kFkhZ dk vkRefo'okl] fu.k;Z yus s dh {kerk] vius dks iLz rrq djus dk <xa egŸoi.w kZ gkrs s gAaS

fo-i-& Hkk"kk dk fdruk egŸo gkrs k g\S vxa tsz h ckys us ea s rts rjkjZ gkus k fdruk vko';d g\S

usxh& Hkk"kk dk dkbs Z egŸo ughAa fo|kFkhZ fgna h ea s ckys a s ;k vxa tsz h ea s dkbs Z vUrj ugha iMr+ kA Hkk"kk dh ijh{kk rks fyf[kr ea s gh gks pdq h gkrs h gAS

fo-i-& /kU;okn! O;Lr dk;ØZ e ea s Hkh bl lk{kkRdkj ds fy;s vkius le; fn;k blfy;s foKku ifjppkZ ds ikBdka s dh vkjs ls vkHkkj O;ä djrk gA¡w

jk"Vªh; foKku fnol ¼28 Qjojh½ ij

vkb;s] foKkuh cusa

foKku ifjppkZ o"kZ 2] vad 3 tuojh&ekpZ 2012

eqdqan uhydaB tks'kh

ifs uflyhu dh [kkts dks ykxs

vDlj bl ckr ds mnkgj.k ds

:i ea s iLz rrq djrs ga S fd

vkfo"dkj vdLekr~ gh gks tk;k

djrs gAaS ;|fi blea s dkbs Z

lUngs ugha gS fd foKku ds dNq

egku~ vkfo"dkj vpkud gh gks

x;s yfs du vdLekr ?kVus okyh

,ls h fdlh ?kVuk ds lkFk&lkFk

vkfo"dkj ds fy;s miyC/k gkus s

okys volj vkjS mu voljka s dk

ykHk mBk ldus okys ykxs ;fn

u gka s rks vkfo"dkj ugha gks

ldrAs

,-,y- eqnfy;kj

¼bafM;u lkbal dkaxzsl] 1959

ds v/;{kh; Hkk"k.k ls½

08 09

^foKkuh cu\sa * D;k ckr djrs g\aS ge vkjS foKkuh\ vjs Hkkb]Z foKku ls rks gekjk lca /a k d{kk vkB rd gh FkkA rc Hkh gea sfoKku vkjS xf.kr bu nkus ka s us fdruk lrk;k Fkk D;k crk;a s vkidkAs [kjS ] vkBoha ds ckn foKku ls rks tlS s rlS s fi.M NVw k ij xf.kr rks nloha rd vfuok;Z gh FkkA geus nloha dh ckMs Z dh ijh{kk ea s xf.kr ds ipZ s dlS s ijw s fd;s cl ge gh tkurs gAaS ;-w ih- ckMs Z ea s yMf+ d;ka sds fy, xf.kr dh txg gkes lkbla fo"k; gkrs k FkkA u tkus fdruh ckj geus b'Z oj dks dkls k gkxs k fd mlus gea syMd+ h D;ka s ugha cuk;kA Hkk"kk ea s gekjh ne Fkk] lkfgR; ea s #fp Fkh] ij foKku\ jke cpk;As vkjS vki gea s foKkuh cuus dks dg jgs g\aS *

^#fd;]s HkkbZ lkgc] #fd;As vkius ,d ckD; dk tjk lk Vdq Mk+ luq k vkjS vki rks 'k:q gks x;As vjs Hkkb]Z ge vkils foKkuh cuus ds fy;s dg jgs g]aS oKS kfud ughAa vkius foKku dh i<k+ bZ dh ;k ugha bldk dkbs Z egRo ugha gAS foKku oxZ ea s ekus tkus okys fo"k;ka s dk i<u+ k ,dne vyx pht gAS vkius dkuS lk fo"k; i<k+ gS blls gea s dkbs Z lca /a k ughAa cfYd ge rks ;gk¡ rd dgrs ga S fd vkius dNq Hkh u i<k+ gk]s vkids ikl dkbs Z Hkh fMxhz u gks rks Hkh vki foKkuh cu ldrs gAaS *

lgj O;fDr foKkuh cu ldrk gAS bldk foKku ds fo"k; i<u+ s ls dkbs Z lca /a k ugha gkrs kA

lfujh{k.k] ijh{k.k vk/kkfjr rdiZ .w k]Z cfq }xE; fu"d"kZ ij igpqa us dk uke foKku gAS tks ,ls k djs og foKkuhA

lfofHkUu /keka Zs ds lLa Fkkid ixS Ecj] nos nrw ] vorkjh i#q "k] Lefr;ka s ds fuek.Z kdrkZ _f"k efq u] dky dh vko';drkulq kj uhfr fu;keka s ea s ifjoruZ djus okys vkfn 'kda jkpk;Z ds leku egki#q "k lc foKkuh FkAs

lv/a kfo'okl] djq hfr;k]as diq Fz kkvk]as :f<;+ ka s vknh dh tMr+ k ls ckgj fudfy;s vkjS foKkuh cfu;As

^vkidh ckr fo'okl djus yk;d ugha gAS ;g rks ogh gvq k fd lLa dr ds e=a ;kn fd;s fcuk ifa Mr ;k lxa hr dh lk/kuk fd;s fcuk xk;d cuk tk ldrk gAS gkrs k gkxs k fdlh vnH~ krq ] vekuoh; ifz rHkk'kkyh ds fy;s ,ls k djuk lEHkoA ijUrq ge rks lk/kkj.k ls vklS r ntZ s ds vkneh gAaS ge ,ls k dNq ugha dj ldrAs ge rks vkidh ckr ds dk;y ugha gks ldrAs *

^Bhd g]S ea S viuh ckr vkidks <xa ls le>kus dh dkfs 'k'k djrk gA¡w vPNk] igys ;g crkb;s fd vki f'kf{kr fdls dgxas As *

^;g Hkh dkbs Z loky g\S tks i<+ fy[k lds og f'kf{kr gAS tks fdrkc i<+ ldrk gk]s fglkc dj ldrk gk]s fpVB~ h fy[k ldrk gks og f'kf{kr gAS *

^ugh]a ejs s fopkj ls ;gha vki xyrh dj jgs gAaS tks i<+ fy[k ldrk gks og lk{kj

dgyk;xs kA f'kf{kr gkus s ls bldk dkbs Z lca /a k ugha gAS lj lh- ih- jkekLokeh v;xa kj uke ds ,d cgrq cMs + O;fDr gks x;s gAaS cgrq cM+ s odhy FkAs elS jw jkT; ds nhoku FkAs os dgrs Fks fd ejs h ek¡ i<+ fy[k ugha ldrh] ,dne fuj{kj gS ijUrq og f'kf{kr gAS vkjS ejs k ,d lgk;d lk{kj gS ijUrq vf'kf{kr gAS *

^vkidh ckr ijw h flj ds Åij ls fudy xbAZ lk{kj vkjS f'kf{kr D;k nks vyx&vyx ckrs g\aS *

^gk]¡ ,dne vyx gAaS lk{kj rks os lHkh ga S ftUgkuas s v{kj Kku ikz Ir dj fy;kA ;g rks ;kfU=d ifz Ø;k gS tks vH;kl ls vk tkrh gAS tlS s jVuk ,d fØ;k gAS ea S,ls s vuds ons ikBh fo}kuka s dks tkurk Fkk] ftUga s vius ons dh ijw h lfa grk dBa LFk FkhA lkjk ons mlds lgh Lojka s ds lkFk os ,d cBS d ea s ijw k luq k ldrs FkAs ijUrq viuk gLrk{kj ugha dj ldrs FkAs

lokfZ /kd ;kxs nku ml f'k{k.k lLa Fkk dk gkrs k gS tgk¡ mlus v/;;u fd;kA Mh-ch-,l- egkfo|ky;] ngs jknuw dos y ,d d{kk/;kiu dk dUs nz gh ugha jgk ojUk~ fo'o ds cgeq [q kh n'kuZ djkus okyk vkjS O;fäRo dks fn'kk inz ku djus okyk dUs nz jgk gAS fo'k"s kdj Hkfw oKku foHkkx ds v/;kidka s ds lia dZ ds dkj.k tlS s ejs h fo"k; dks xgjkbZ ls le>us dh {kerk fodflr gbq Z olS s gh nf"Vdk.s k Hkh O;kid gvq kA

fo-i-& vius egkfo|ky;h; dky ea svki ;oq k dkxa lsz ls Hkh tMq s + FkAs ckn ea s'kkldh; los k ea s vkus ds ckn og lca /a k lekIr gks x;k gkxs kA ml jktuhfrd lca /a k dk vkids 'k{S kf.kd thou ij dlS k iHz kko iMk+ \

usxh& vR;Ur mÙkeA fo"k; dk v/;;u ,d fcUnq gAS yfs du lkekftd dk;Z O;fäRo fodkl dk ,d egRoi.w kZ vk;ke gAS ml dk;Z dks djus ds dkj.k lkotZ fud leL;kvka s dks fudV ls tkuus le>us dk volj feyk ftuls fopkjka s ea s ifjiDork vkbZ tks vkxs Hkh i'z kkldh; dk;Z djrs le; vR;Ur mi;kxs h jghA

fo-i-& vc ,d i'z u oreZ ku ou leL;k ls lca fa /krA i;koZ j.k j{kk grs q ouka s dk egÙo lofZ ofnr gAS ijUrq ouka sdk lja {k.k fodkl dk;ka Zs dh ck/kk Hkh cu jgk gAS njw njkt ds {k=s ka s ea s lMd+ ugha cu ldrh D;kfas d og ou dk Hkkx gAS mlh idz kj [kkua s ugha [knq ldrha D;kfas d og LFkku ou {k=s ea s gAS bl fodkl vkjS ou lja {k.k ds l?a k"kZ dks vki dlS s n[s krs g\S

usxh& ea S bls l?a k"kZ ugha ekurkA ou lja {k.k vko';d gS blea s nks jk; ugha gks ldrhA fodkl ds dk;Z Hkh gkus s pkfg;s ;g Hkh Bhd gh gAS fo'k"s kdj jkLrs rks cuus gh pkfg;As njw LFk xkz eoklh ;fn vius df"k mRikn dks e.Mh rd ys tkuk pkgrk gS rks mls jkLrk pkfg;As ikz dfrd vkink ds le; lgk;rk igpaq kuh gks rks jkLrk pkfg;As fdlh jkxs h dks MkDW Vj ;k vLirky rd tkuk gS rks jkLrk pkfg;As ijUrq ou {k=s dk ifjj{k.k Hkh mruk gh vko';d gAS bu nkus ka s gh ckrka s dks lk/krs g,q gh 'kkldh;

uhfr;k¡ curh gAaS ou ifjj{k.k rFkk loa /kuZ vf/kd egÙoi.w kZ gAS blhfy;s lu~ 1980 ea s Hkkjr ljdkj us ou ifjj{k.k vf/kfu;e ikfjr fd;kA igys ou Hkfw e dks vU; dk;ka Zs ea s cnyus dk vf/kdkj jkT;ka s ds ikl Fkk ijUrq bl vf/kfu;e ds ckn dUs nz dh vueq fr ds fcuk ,ls k ugha fd;k tk ldrkA mlds ckn 1998 ea s lokPZs p U;k;ky; us ,d QlS ys ea s ou dks ifjHkkf"kr dj fn;kA blds vulq kj Hkfw e dk tks Hkkx eyw iiz =ka s ea s ou gS og ou {k=s gh ekuk tk;xs k Hkys gh ogk¡ ij ,d Hkh iMs + u [kMk+ gkAs bu dBkjs fu;eka s dk ikyu Hkh dBkjs rk ls gh gkrs k gAS ;fn fdlh ou vf/kdkjh us ou Hkfw e dk nlw jk mi;kxs djus dh vueq fr nh rks og Lo;a Hkh n.M dk ik= gks tkrk gAS blhfy;s vuds jkT; ljdkja s dUs nz ls bu fu;eka s ea s <hy nus s dk vkxgz djrh jgrh gASa ijUrq bu dBkjs fu;eka s dk ,d Qy fuf'pr :i ls gvq k gS fd xr nks o"kka Zs ea s Hkkjr dk ou {k=s 23 ifz r'kr ij fLFkj cuk gvq k gS vFkkrZ ~ vc ou Hkfw e dk {kj.k :d x;k gAS vkt mÙkjk[k.M vkjS fgekpy inz 's k dk 66 ifz r'kr {k=s ou {k=s gS ;g gekjs LoLFk i;koZ j.k ds fd;s l[q kn lda rs gAS

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^fcYdyq Bhd lkps jgs ga S vkiA vkf[kj foKku foKku ekus D;k\ vki Ldyw dh i<k+ bZ ds fo"k; Hkyw tkb;As ogk¡ foKku ox]Z okf.kT; ox]Z dyk oxZ tlS s oxka Zs ea sfo"k;ka s dks ckVa rs gAaS foKku oxZ ea s HkkfS rd foKku] jlk;u foKku] tho foKku i<+ stkrs gAaS ijUrq foKku dh ifjHkk"kk ,ls h ugha gAS fo}kuka s us fOkKku dh ifjHkk"kk djrs g,q dgk gS fd fdlh Hkh fo"k; dk lOq ;ofLFkr Kku gh foKku gAS bldk vFkZ D;k gvq k\ fujh{k.k vkjS ijh{k.k vk/kkfjr] rdiZ .w k]Z cfq }xE; fu"d"kZ ij igpaq us dk uke foKku gAS blfy;s gj og O;fDr tks iRz ;ds ckr dks cfq } dh dlkVS h ij ij[k]s fujh{k.k dj ;k i;z kxs dj mls tkpa s vkjS rdZ lfgr fopkj dj fu.k;Z djs og foKkuh gAS tks Lo;a u lkps ]s fdlh dh Hkh crkbZ xbZ ckr ij v/a kk gks dj fo'okl dj y]s cfq ) ds fy, vxE; ckrka s dks Hk;] >Bw h J)k ;k vkLFkk ds dkj.k ekus og vfoKkuh gS pkgs og QhftDl ;k dfS eLVhª dk fMxhz /kkjd gh D;ka s u gkAs le> jgs ga S ea SD;k dj jgk g\¡w *

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^fo'okl j[kus ds fy;s Hkh cfq ) dk i;z kxs fd;k tkuk pkfg;As dos y HkMs + pky ea sQla uk vfoKkuh gkus s dk iez k.k gAS ,d dgkuh luq krk gA¡w ,d vkneh unh ij Luku djus x;kA unh ds fdukjs ckyw fcNh FkhA fdukjk luq lku gh FkkA ml O;fDr ds ikl ,d rkca s dk ykVs k FkkA mlus lkps k fd ;gk¡ dkbs Z fn[krk ugha ftlds ikl ;g ykVs k j[ka w vkjS unh ea sxkrs k yxkÅA¡ ;fn olS s gh NkMs + fn;k vkjS dkbs Z ys x;k rk\s fQj mlus ,d mik; fd;kA ogha ,d LFkku ij ckyw ea sxM<~ k [kkns kA ykVs k mlea s xkMk+ A fQj ckyw ls <d¡ fn;kA yfs du okil vkus ij LFkku dlS s feyxs k blfy;s igpku ds rkjS ij ogha ckyw bdVBh dj ,d ckyw dk f'kofyxa cuk fn;kA ikl ls nks Qyw ykdj ml ij p<k+ fn;s vkjS pyk x;k ugkuAs vc b/kj ugkus dkbs Z vkjS O;fDr vk;kA mlus n[s kk fd ,d f'kofyxa cuk gS rFkk mldh itw k dh gbq Z gAS mlus lkps k fd yxrk gS fd ;gk¡ ij ,ls h gh dkbs Z i)fr gkxs hA mlus Hkh cxy ea s ,d f'kofyxa cuk dj Qyw p<k+ fn;As bldh n[s kk n[s kh tks Hkh vkrk ogh f'kofyxa cuk itw k dj nrs kA dNq njs ckn tc ykVs s okyk O;fDr ykVS k rks ogk¡ ,d dh txg chl iPphl f'kofyxa [kMs + FkAs og ij's kku gks x;k fd buea s ls ejs k dkuS lk gS ftlds uhps ykVs k gAS mlus ,d nks f'kofyxa [kkns dj n[s kk ij ogk¡ dNq ugha feykA blh chp fdlh us mls f'kofyxa [kkns rs n[s k fy;kA vc D;k Fkk\ mudh /kkfedZ Hkkoukvka s dks Bls igpqa xbAZ yxs ml O;fDr dh fiVkbZ djuAs og fcpkjk jkrs s dyirs dgus yxk

^xrkuxq frdks ykds k]s u ykds ks ikjekfFkdZ %ckydq kfyxa ek=.s k] xra es rkeHz kktue*~

vFkkrZ ykxs xrkuxq frd ekus udyph gkrs s g(aS lPps /kkfedZ ugha gkrs As ,d ckyw

ds cus f'kofyxa ds dkj.k euS s viuk ykVs k [kks fn;kA ;g vfoKkuh dk y{k.k gAS vjs Hkkb]Z vkidks cfq } feyh gS rks mldk i;z kxs Hkh dhft;As v/a ks dh rjg fdlh ds Hkh ihNs py iMs + ;g D;k ckr gbq \Z

fdlh us cky nk<h+ c<k+ fy;As x#s vk diMk+ igu fy;k A dgus yxk fd ea SxIq r /ku dk irk crk ldrk gA¡w ejs dks ftUnk dj ldrk gA¡w vlk/; jkxs Bhd dj ldrk gA¡w fdlh puS y ij Likla j tVq k dj yxk >ew >ew dj ukpus vkjS xkuAs vkjS vki cu x;s mlds vu;q k;h rFkk HkDrA D;k fl} i#q "k g\S D;k rts gS pgs js ij\ D;k 'kfDr gS ok.kh e\as D;k ijkis dkj dh Hkkouk gAS /kU; g]S /kU; gAS lpepq egkjktth bl dBkjs dfy;xq ea sge n[q kh] ihfMr+ ] vKkuh ykxs ka s ds dY;k.k ds fy;s gh vorfjr g,q gAaS lkfs p;]s fdruk vKku g\S ;fn jkxs njw djus dh bruh gh cMh+ flf) gS rks cBS tkb;s fdlh Hkh vLirky dh vk-s ih-Mh- ea s vkjS djus yfx;s lcdks BhdA ;fn tehu ea sxMk+ /ku [kkts ldrs ga S rks iVs kª fs y;e ds HkMa kjka s dh [kkts dj nhft;As gkFk ea sydMh yds j tehu ds uhps ikuh dk irk crk ldrs ga S rks l[w ks ds {k=s ea s vkidh los kvka s dh cMh+ vko';drk gAS vki viuh fnO; nf"V ls pkjs idM+ ldrs ga Srks n's k ea s fNis vkrda okfn;ks as ds uke&irs ns fnft;s ljdkj dkAs fdruk cMk i.q ; dk;Z djxas s vki\

^yfs du ,ls k dNq Hkh os ugha dj ldrs D;kfas d eyw ea s gh lc 'kUw ; v/a kdkj gkrs k gAS vkjS ,ls ka s ds ihNs Hkkxus okys lHkh vKkuh gh ga S pkgs os foKku fo"k; yds j ih,p-Mh- gh D;ka s u gkAas vki ,ls s er cfu;As foKkuh cfu;As dfg;s dNq le> ea s vk jgh gS ckr\*

^Bhd g]S eku yrs s ga S ;g rdAZ ijUrq D;k foKkuh gkus s dk ;g vFkZ gvq k fd ge vius lkjs J}kLFkkuk]as lkjh ekU;rkvk]as lkjh vkLFkkvka s dks Bdq jk nAas ;s gea s gekjs iow tZ ka s ls fojklr ea s ikz Ir gbq Z gAaS D;k gekjs cki&nknk e[w kZ Fks tks bu ckrka s ij fo'okl djrs Fk\s *

^ugh]a blea s iow tZ ka s ds e[w kZ gkus s ;k le>nkj gkus s dk dkbs Z lEcU/k ugha gAaS eu"q ; ,d vR;Ur cfq }eku ikz .khA vkjS vU; fdlh Hkh tho ds foijhr mls viuk vftrZ Kku vxyh ih<h+ dks nus k vkrk gAS blfy;s ih<h+ nj ih<h+ eu"q ; ds Kku rFkk vuHq ko dh lhek dk foLrkj gkrs k

tkrk gAS ijw s ekuo lekt dk blh idz kj fodkl gvq k gAS gj dky ds foKkuh eu"q ;ka s us tks lR; n[s kk mls crk;kA vkxs vkus okyka s us mlea s l'a kk/s ku ;k loa /kuZ fd;kA blhfy;s gj og fopkj dos y blfy;s J"s B ugha gkrs k fd og ijq kuk gAS u gj fopkj blhfy;s xkz g;~ gkxs k fd og u;k gAS egkdfo dkfynkl us blhfy;s fy[kk gS fd

^ijq k.kfeR;os u lk/kq ] u pk·fi loa Z uofeR;o|e~lUr% ijh{kkU;rjn~ HktUr]s e<w % ijiRz ;;u;s cfq )%

u gj ijq kuh ckr mÙke gkrs h gS vkjS u gj ubZ ckr Lohdkj djus ;kXs ; gkrs h gAS le>nkj O;fDr ijh{kk djds gh fu.k;Z yrs s g(aS dos y e[w kZ gh nlw jka s ds dgus ij pyrs gAaS

vkjS iRz ;ds dky ea s lekt dks u;s fopkj nus s dk ;g dk;Z ml dky ds foKkuh us gh fd;kA gekjs lekt ea s igys fookg iFz kk ugha FkhA dkbs Z Hkh i#q "k fdlh Hkh L=h ds lkFk dHkh Hkh fookg dj ldrk FkkA egf"kZ mÌkyd ds i=q egf"kZ 'ors drs q us i#q "k vkjS L=h ds fookg dk fu;e cuk;k vkjS bl idz kj xgLFkkJe dh LFkkiuk dhA os foKkuh FkAs lkjs ekuo lekt dks uhfr fu;eka s ea s ck/a kus okys fHkUu fHkUu Lefr;ka s ds y[s kd ofl"B] ikjk'kj] vf=] nos y vkfn _f"k foKkuh FkAs fofHkUu /kekZ s ds lLa Fkkid] ixS Ecj] nos nrw ;k vorkj i#q "k foKkuh FkAs lcus vius vius dky ea s rdZ i.w kZ <xa l]s cfq ) ikz ek.; dks Lohdkj dj lekt dks fn'kk nh gAS buea s ls dkbs Z Hkh xrkuxq frd ugha FkkA blhfy;s ea S dgrk g¡ w fd HkkbZ foKkuh cukAs *

^vki rks ckr dks dgk¡ ls dgk¡ ys x;As ij ge bu _f"k efq u;k]as ixS Ecjk]as vorkjka sds crk;s g,q ekxZ ij gh rks py jgs gAaS vc gea s vki u;k dNq djus ds fy;s D;k dg jgs g\aS ge vxj bu egku foHkfw r;ka s ds crk;s ekxZ ls gV x;s rks D;k ge foKkuh cu tk;xas \s ge rks Hkxoku d".k dks ekurs gAaS muds e[q kkjfoUn ls fudyh xhrk dk jkts ikB djrs gAaS ge rks muds crk;s Kku dks ugha NkMs + ldrAs *

^D;k lpepq \ vki xhrk i<r+ s g\aS xhrk ea s d".k us dgk fd ^loZ /kekUZ ifjR;T;] ekeds a 'kj.ka otz * vFkkrZ ~ lkjs /kekZ s dks NkMs + nk]s dos y ejs h 'kj.k vk tkvkAs fQj vki bu ckckvk]as rkfU=dk]as ekfa =dk]as peRdkjh fl)k]as <kxas h lk/kvq ka s vkjS ykHs kh

loaZ

rFkkdfFkr lUrka s ds ihNs D;ka s tkrs g\aS vki ftu Hkxoku d".k dh ckr djrs ga SD;k vkius mudh thouh i<h+ g\S muds firk vkjS vU; lHkh xkds yq oklh bUnz dh itw k fd;k djrs FkAs d".k us dgk fd bUnz tlS s dkYifud nos rk dh itw k er djkAs itw k djuh gh gS rks bl xkos /kuZ iorZ dh djks ftlds dkj.k gea s ;g ou ikz Ir g]S ;g idz fr inz Ùk i;koZ j.k ikz Ir g]S gekjk l[q kh thou ikz Ir gAS d".k us foKkuh gkus k fl[kk;kA rdiZ .w kZ fopkj djuk fl[kk;kA*

^yfs du gekjk /ke\Z gekjh fojklr\ gekjh ijia jk\ D;k lc >Bq yk n\sa *

^>Bq ykb;s erA ijUrq vU/kkudq j.k Hkh er dhft;As vkids iow tZ ka s us Hkh ugha fd;kA ;fn fd;k gkrs k rks dfyoT;Z idz j.k curk gh ughAa tkurs ga S dfyoT;Z idz j.k\ igys vuds iFz kk,¡ Fkha ijUrq ckn ds Lefrdkjka s us mUga s dfy;xq ds fy;s ;kXs ; ugha ga S ,ls k dg dj euk dj fn;kA D;k bl idz kj viuh ijq kuh ijia jkvka s dks vkxs pyus ls jkds uk rkfddZ ofq )ikz ek.;oknh nf"Vdk.s k ugha Fkk\ ,dne foKkuh nf"Vdk.s k FkkA dfy;xq ds fy, euk dh xbZ bUgha ijEijkvka s ea s ls ,d Fkk lUa ;kl xgz .k djukA lUa ;klh dk /keZ cMk+ dfBu gkrs k gAS dfy;xq ds O;fDr mruk dBkjs /kekpZ j.k ugha dj ldrs blfy;s lUa ;kl dks dfyoT;Z vFkkrZ ~ dfy;xq ea s euk dj fn;k x;kA okLro ea s vkt tc lkjh l[q k lfq o/kkvka s ls ;Dq r cM&s cMs ipa rkjkfa dr rFkkdfFkr eBka s rFkk vkJeka s es iyus okyh x#s ok oL= /kkjh lUa ;kfl;ka sdh QktS dks n[s krs ga S rks le> ea s vkrk gS fd Lefrdkjka s us lU;kl dks dfyoT;Z D;ka s ekuk gkxs kA ijUrq vk| 'kda jkpk;Z us lUa ;kl /keZ dk iuq % ipz kj fd;kA mUgkuas s mls dfyoT;Z ls ckgj fudkyk rFkk J"s B fo}kuka s dks lUa ;kl xgz .k djus ds fy;s ifsz jr fd;kA 'kda jkpk;Z foKkuh FkAs lUa ;kfl;kas ds }kjk ofS nd /keZ dk iuq #}kj djus dh mUga s vko';drk irz hr gbq AZ lekt ij ck}S fHk{kvq ka s dk iHz kko cgrq c<+ jgk FkkA dos y ;K ;k Jk} djkus okys if.Mr ml iHz kko dks jkds ugha ldrs FkAs blfy;s 'kda jkpk;Z us v}rS er rFkk lUa ;kl /keZ dk ipz kj fd;kA rks ea S dguk ;g pkgrk g¡ w fd fojklr] iow tZ ka s dh ijia jk] /keZ dk lukruRo ;g lc dNq ugha gkrs kA ftl dky ea s tlS h vko';drk gkrs h gS ml

10 11

foKku ifjppkZ o"kZ 2] vad 3 tuojh&ekpZ 2012

dky ds foKkuh vFkkrZ ~ rdiZ .w k]Z cfq }oknh fopkjd lekt dks olS h fn'kk nrs s gAaS blfy;s Hkkb;k!s a v/a kfo'okl] djq hfr;k]as diq Fz kkvk]as :f<;+ ka s vkfn dh tMr+ k ls ckgj fudfy;As fujh{k.k] ijh{k.k vk/kkfjr rdiZ .w kZ fu"d"kka Zs dks viukb;As *

^pfy;s eku yrs s ga S vkidh ckrA fQj Hkh dNq i'z u rks 'k"s k jg gh tkrs gAaS gj O;fDr gj pht dk fujh{k.k ;k ijh{k.k ugha dj ldrkA MkDW Vj us dgk fd vkidk fyoj ;k fdMuh [kjkc gS rks ge MkDW Vj dh ckr ij fo'okl dj gh yrs s ga S u\ ge [knq dgk¡ viuk fyoj ;k viuh fdMuh n[s kus tkrs g\aS vkjS gea sle> ea s Hkh D;k vk;xs k\ iRz ;ds O;fDr dks dgha u dgh fdlh u fdlh ij vkLFkk j[kuh gh iMr+ h gAS vki tlS s MkDW Vj ij vkLFkk j[krs ga S olS s ge rkcht nus s okys rkfU=d ijA ge nkus ka s ea svUrj gh D;k g\S *

^vUrj gAS ge MkDW Vj uked O;fDr ij fo'okl ugha djrAs mldh fo|k ij djrs gAaS D;kfas d og fo|k vuds ihf<;+ ka sds vkjS vuds O;fDr;ka s ds vftrZ Kku vkjS vuHq ko dk ifj.kke gAS ge MkDW Vj }kjk crk;s x;s funku vkjS fu"d"kZ dks vU; MkDW Vjka s ls tpa ok Hkh ldrs gAaS ijUrq vki rkfU=d ds lkFk ,ls k ugha dj ldrAs vkidks mldh rU= fo|k dk dNqq Hkh irk ugha gkrs kA gks Hkh ugha ldrkA gekjk MkDW Vj ij] mldh fo|k ij fo'okl g(S vkidk rkfU=d ij v/a kfo'oklA ;g Bhd gS fd gj O;fDr gj ckr dk Lo;a fujh{k.k ;k ijh{k.k ugha dj ldrkA ijUrq ftlus ,ls k fd;k gS mlls lgh ekxZ rks tku gh ldrk gAS foKku ea s dNq Hkh xIq r ugha gkrs kA fdlh ds Hkh crk;s x;s er dk lkjs fo'o ds ml fo"k; ds fo}ku~ ijh{k.k djrs gASa rc tkdj ifjdYiuk ls fl)kUr vkjS fl)kUr ls fu;e curs gASa ,d ijw h oKS kfud ifz Ø;k gAS blds ckn Hkh ;fn dNq u;s iez k.k feys rks ijq kus fl}kUr cny Hkh tkrs gAaS foKku ,d txg #dk gvq k ik[s kj dk ikuh ugh]a dy dy fuukfnuh lfjrk gAS blfy;s vkb;s foKkuh cuAas *

,lksf'k,V izksQslj] HkwfoKku ¼ls- fu-½Mh-ch-,l- egkfo|ky;] nsgjknwu

mik/;{k] Hkkjrh; foKku ys[kd la?k]mRrjk[k.M izHkkx

v{kj Kku mUgkus s ikz Ir fd;k gh ughAa ,ls s vuds 'kkL=h; lxa hr ds xk;d ;k oknd gks pdq s ga S ftUgkuas s x#q ls luq luq dj gh mudh lkjh dyk ikz Ir dj yh ij ddgjk dHkh ugha lh[kkA Bhd mlh idz kj ;fn fyfi i<u+ k ;k fy[kuk vk x;k rks O;fDr lk{kj gks x;kA ijUrq f'kf{kr gkus k rks dNq vkjS gh gS u\*

^Hkkb]Z ge vc Hkh Hkez ea s gh gAaS ;fn lk{kj gkus k f'kf{kr gkus k ugha gS rks fQj f'kf{kr gkus k gS D;k\ vkjS bl lcdk gekjs eyw i'z u foKkuh cuus ds lkFk D;k lca /a k g\S *

^gk]¡ ogh ea S crkuk pkgrk gA¡w f'kf{kr gkus s dk vFkZ gS le>nkj gkus kA Hkys cjq s dh igpku gkus kA fopkj'khy gkus kA lr~ vkjS vlr~ dks igpkuus dh 'kfDr gkus kA nfq u;k dks [kyq h vk[¡ kka s ls n[s kukA ekuo O;ogkj dh ij[k ftls gks og f'kf{kr gAS ;g eu"q ; dh LokHkkfod cfq ) dk ifjpk;d gAS bldk i<k+ fy[kk gkus s ls dkbs Z lca /a k ugha gkrs kA*

^gA¡w vkidh ckr ea s dNq ne gAS ijUrq foKkuh gkus k\ D;k gj f'kf{kr O;fDr foKkuh gkrs k g\S D;k nkus ka s ckra s ,d gh g\aS D;k foKkuh gkus s dk foKku fo"k;ka s ds i<u+ s ls dkbs Z lca /a k ugh g\aS *

^fcYdyq Bhd lkps jgs ga S vkiA vkf[kj foKku foKku ekus D;k\ vki Ldyw dh i<k+ bZ ds fo"k; Hkyw tkb;As ogk¡ foKku ox]Z okf.kT; ox]Z dyk oxZ tlS s oxka Zs ea sfo"k;ka s dks ckVa rs gAaS foKku oxZ ea s HkkfS rd foKku] jlk;u foKku] tho foKku i<+ stkrs gAaS ijUrq foKku dh ifjHkk"kk ,ls h ugha gAS fo}kuka s us fOkKku dh ifjHkk"kk djrs g,q dgk gS fd fdlh Hkh fo"k; dk lOq ;ofLFkr Kku gh foKku gAS bldk vFkZ D;k gvq k\ fujh{k.k vkjS ijh{k.k vk/kkfjr] rdiZ .w k]Z cfq }xE; fu"d"kZ ij igpaq us dk uke foKku gAS blfy;s gj og O;fDr tks iRz ;ds ckr dks cfq } dh dlkVS h ij ij[k]s fujh{k.k dj ;k i;z kxs dj mls tkpa s vkjS rdZ lfgr fopkj dj fu.k;Z djs og foKkuh gAS tks Lo;a u lkps ]s fdlh dh Hkh crkbZ xbZ ckr ij v/a kk gks dj fo'okl dj y]s cfq ) ds fy, vxE; ckrka s dks Hk;] >Bw h J)k ;k vkLFkk ds dkj.k ekus og vfoKkuh gS pkgs og QhftDl ;k dfS eLVhª dk fMxhz /kkjd gh D;ka s u gkAs le> jgs ga S ea SD;k dj jgk g\¡w *

^gk]¡ vkidh lkps us dh fn'kk dk vueq ku ea S yxk ik jgk gA¡w vki Hkrw &irsz ] e=a &r=a ] tkn&w Vkus ]s 'kduq &vi'kduq ] vkfn ds fo#) ckys jgs ga S D;kfas d ;s lHkh ckra s cfq ) dh dlkVS h ij dlh ugha gkrs hAa yfs du fujh{k.k vk/kkfjr rks gkrs h gh gAaS Hkrw euS s ugha n[s kk ij ftUgkuas s n[s kk gkrs k gS mudk rks fujh{k.k gS gh u\ ge gj txg Lo;a viuh cfq ) dk i;z kxs dlS s dj ldrs g\aS ] gea s nlw js dh dgh ckrka s ij fo'okl j[kuk gh iMr+ k gAS ,ls s ea s gj O;fDr foKkuh dlS s cu ldrk g\S *

^fo'okl j[kus ds fy;s Hkh cfq ) dk i;z kxs fd;k tkuk pkfg;As dos y HkMs + pky ea sQla uk vfoKkuh gkus s dk iez k.k gAS ,d dgkuh luq krk gA¡w ,d vkneh unh ij Luku djus x;kA unh ds fdukjs ckyw fcNh FkhA fdukjk luq lku gh FkkA ml O;fDr ds ikl ,d rkca s dk ykVs k FkkA mlus lkps k fd ;gk¡ dkbs Z fn[krk ugha ftlds ikl ;g ykVs k j[ka w vkjS unh ea sxkrs k yxkÅA¡ ;fn olS s gh NkMs + fn;k vkjS dkbs Z ys x;k rk\s fQj mlus ,d mik; fd;kA ogha ,d LFkku ij ckyw ea sxM<~ k [kkns kA ykVs k mlea s xkMk+ A fQj ckyw ls <d¡ fn;kA yfs du okil vkus ij LFkku dlS s feyxs k blfy;s igpku ds rkjS ij ogha ckyw bdVBh dj ,d ckyw dk f'kofyxa cuk fn;kA ikl ls nks Qyw ykdj ml ij p<k+ fn;s vkjS pyk x;k ugkuAs vc b/kj ugkus dkbs Z vkjS O;fDr vk;kA mlus n[s kk fd ,d f'kofyxa cuk gS rFkk mldh itw k dh gbq Z gAS mlus lkps k fd yxrk gS fd ;gk¡ ij ,ls h gh dkbs Z i)fr gkxs hA mlus Hkh cxy ea s ,d f'kofyxa cuk dj Qyw p<k+ fn;As bldh n[s kk n[s kh tks Hkh vkrk ogh f'kofyxa cuk itw k dj nrs kA dNq njs ckn tc ykVs s okyk O;fDr ykVS k rks ogk¡ ,d dh txg chl iPphl f'kofyxa [kMs + FkAs og ij's kku gks x;k fd buea s ls ejs k dkuS lk gS ftlds uhps ykVs k gAS mlus ,d nks f'kofyxa [kkns dj n[s kk ij ogk¡ dNq ugha feykA blh chp fdlh us mls f'kofyxa [kkns rs n[s k fy;kA vc D;k Fkk\ mudh /kkfedZ Hkkoukvka s dks Bls igpqa xbAZ yxs ml O;fDr dh fiVkbZ djuAs og fcpkjk jkrs s dyirs dgus yxk

^xrkuxq frdks ykds k]s u ykds ks ikjekfFkdZ %ckydq kfyxa ek=.s k] xra es rkeHz kktue*~

vFkkrZ ykxs xrkuxq frd ekus udyph gkrs s g(aS lPps /kkfedZ ugha gkrs As ,d ckyw

ds cus f'kofyxa ds dkj.k euS s viuk ykVs k [kks fn;kA ;g vfoKkuh dk y{k.k gAS vjs Hkkb]Z vkidks cfq } feyh gS rks mldk i;z kxs Hkh dhft;As v/a ks dh rjg fdlh ds Hkh ihNs py iMs + ;g D;k ckr gbq \Z

fdlh us cky nk<h+ c<k+ fy;As x#s vk diMk+ igu fy;k A dgus yxk fd ea SxIq r /ku dk irk crk ldrk gA¡w ejs dks ftUnk dj ldrk gA¡w vlk/; jkxs Bhd dj ldrk gA¡w fdlh puS y ij Likla j tVq k dj yxk >ew >ew dj ukpus vkjS xkuAs vkjS vki cu x;s mlds vu;q k;h rFkk HkDrA D;k fl} i#q "k g\S D;k rts gS pgs js ij\ D;k 'kfDr gS ok.kh e\as D;k ijkis dkj dh Hkkouk gAS /kU; g]S /kU; gAS lpepq egkjktth bl dBkjs dfy;xq ea sge n[q kh] ihfMr+ ] vKkuh ykxs ka s ds dY;k.k ds fy;s gh vorfjr g,q gAaS lkfs p;]s fdruk vKku g\S ;fn jkxs njw djus dh bruh gh cMh+ flf) gS rks cBS tkb;s fdlh Hkh vLirky dh vk-s ih-Mh- ea s vkjS djus yfx;s lcdks BhdA ;fn tehu ea sxMk+ /ku [kkts ldrs ga S rks iVs kª fs y;e ds HkMa kjka s dh [kkts dj nhft;As gkFk ea sydMh yds j tehu ds uhps ikuh dk irk crk ldrs ga S rks l[w ks ds {k=s ea s vkidh los kvka s dh cMh+ vko';drk gAS vki viuh fnO; nf"V ls pkjs idM+ ldrs ga Srks n's k ea s fNis vkrda okfn;ks as ds uke&irs ns fnft;s ljdkj dkAs fdruk cMk i.q ; dk;Z djxas s vki\

^yfs du ,ls k dNq Hkh os ugha dj ldrs D;kfas d eyw ea s gh lc 'kUw ; v/a kdkj gkrs k gAS vkjS ,ls ka s ds ihNs Hkkxus okys lHkh vKkuh gh ga S pkgs os foKku fo"k; yds j ih,p-Mh- gh D;ka s u gkAas vki ,ls s er cfu;As foKkuh cfu;As dfg;s dNq le> ea s vk jgh gS ckr\*

^Bhd g]S eku yrs s ga S ;g rdAZ ijUrq D;k foKkuh gkus s dk ;g vFkZ gvq k fd ge vius lkjs J}kLFkkuk]as lkjh ekU;rkvk]as lkjh vkLFkkvka s dks Bdq jk nAas ;s gea s gekjs iow tZ ka s ls fojklr ea s ikz Ir gbq Z gAaS D;k gekjs cki&nknk e[w kZ Fks tks bu ckrka s ij fo'okl djrs Fk\s *

^ugh]a blea s iow tZ ka s ds e[w kZ gkus s ;k le>nkj gkus s dk dkbs Z lEcU/k ugha gAaS eu"q ; ,d vR;Ur cfq }eku ikz .khA vkjS vU; fdlh Hkh tho ds foijhr mls viuk vftrZ Kku vxyh ih<h+ dks nus k vkrk gAS blfy;s ih<h+ nj ih<h+ eu"q ; ds Kku rFkk vuHq ko dh lhek dk foLrkj gkrs k

tkrk gAS ijw s ekuo lekt dk blh idz kj fodkl gvq k gAS gj dky ds foKkuh eu"q ;ka s us tks lR; n[s kk mls crk;kA vkxs vkus okyka s us mlea s l'a kk/s ku ;k loa /kuZ fd;kA blhfy;s gj og fopkj dos y blfy;s J"s B ugha gkrs k fd og ijq kuk gAS u gj fopkj blhfy;s xkz g;~ gkxs k fd og u;k gAS egkdfo dkfynkl us blhfy;s fy[kk gS fd

^ijq k.kfeR;os u lk/kq ] u pk·fi loa Z uofeR;o|e~lUr% ijh{kkU;rjn~ HktUr]s e<w % ijiRz ;;u;s cfq )%

u gj ijq kuh ckr mÙke gkrs h gS vkjS u gj ubZ ckr Lohdkj djus ;kXs ; gkrs h gAS le>nkj O;fDr ijh{kk djds gh fu.k;Z yrs s g(aS dos y e[w kZ gh nlw jka s ds dgus ij pyrs gAaS

vkjS iRz ;ds dky ea s lekt dks u;s fopkj nus s dk ;g dk;Z ml dky ds foKkuh us gh fd;kA gekjs lekt ea s igys fookg iFz kk ugha FkhA dkbs Z Hkh i#q "k fdlh Hkh L=h ds lkFk dHkh Hkh fookg dj ldrk FkkA egf"kZ mÌkyd ds i=q egf"kZ 'ors drs q us i#q "k vkjS L=h ds fookg dk fu;e cuk;k vkjS bl idz kj xgLFkkJe dh LFkkiuk dhA os foKkuh FkAs lkjs ekuo lekt dks uhfr fu;eka s ea s ck/a kus okys fHkUu fHkUu Lefr;ka s ds y[s kd ofl"B] ikjk'kj] vf=] nos y vkfn _f"k foKkuh FkAs fofHkUu /kekZ s ds lLa Fkkid] ixS Ecj] nos nrw ;k vorkj i#q "k foKkuh FkAs lcus vius vius dky ea s rdZ i.w kZ <xa l]s cfq ) ikz ek.; dks Lohdkj dj lekt dks fn'kk nh gAS buea s ls dkbs Z Hkh xrkuxq frd ugha FkkA blhfy;s ea S dgrk g¡ w fd HkkbZ foKkuh cukAs *

^vki rks ckr dks dgk¡ ls dgk¡ ys x;As ij ge bu _f"k efq u;k]as ixS Ecjk]as vorkjka sds crk;s g,q ekxZ ij gh rks py jgs gAaS vc gea s vki u;k dNq djus ds fy;s D;k dg jgs g\aS ge vxj bu egku foHkfw r;ka s ds crk;s ekxZ ls gV x;s rks D;k ge foKkuh cu tk;xas \s ge rks Hkxoku d".k dks ekurs gAaS muds e[q kkjfoUn ls fudyh xhrk dk jkts ikB djrs gAaS ge rks muds crk;s Kku dks ugha NkMs + ldrAs *

^D;k lpepq \ vki xhrk i<r+ s g\aS xhrk ea s d".k us dgk fd ^loZ /kekUZ ifjR;T;] ekeds a 'kj.ka otz * vFkkrZ ~ lkjs /kekZ s dks NkMs + nk]s dos y ejs h 'kj.k vk tkvkAs fQj vki bu ckckvk]as rkfU=dk]as ekfa =dk]as peRdkjh fl)k]as <kxas h lk/kvq ka s vkjS ykHs kh

loaZ

rFkkdfFkr lUrka s ds ihNs D;ka s tkrs g\aS vki ftu Hkxoku d".k dh ckr djrs ga SD;k vkius mudh thouh i<h+ g\S muds firk vkjS vU; lHkh xkds yq oklh bUnz dh itw k fd;k djrs FkAs d".k us dgk fd bUnz tlS s dkYifud nos rk dh itw k er djkAs itw k djuh gh gS rks bl xkos /kuZ iorZ dh djks ftlds dkj.k gea s ;g ou ikz Ir g]S ;g idz fr inz Ùk i;koZ j.k ikz Ir g]S gekjk l[q kh thou ikz Ir gAS d".k us foKkuh gkus k fl[kk;kA rdiZ .w kZ fopkj djuk fl[kk;kA*

^yfs du gekjk /ke\Z gekjh fojklr\ gekjh ijia jk\ D;k lc >Bq yk n\sa *

^>Bq ykb;s erA ijUrq vU/kkudq j.k Hkh er dhft;As vkids iow tZ ka s us Hkh ugha fd;kA ;fn fd;k gkrs k rks dfyoT;Z idz j.k curk gh ughAa tkurs ga S dfyoT;Z idz j.k\ igys vuds iFz kk,¡ Fkha ijUrq ckn ds Lefrdkjka s us mUga s dfy;xq ds fy;s ;kXs ; ugha ga S ,ls k dg dj euk dj fn;kA D;k bl idz kj viuh ijq kuh ijia jkvka s dks vkxs pyus ls jkds uk rkfddZ ofq )ikz ek.;oknh nf"Vdk.s k ugha Fkk\ ,dne foKkuh nf"Vdk.s k FkkA dfy;xq ds fy, euk dh xbZ bUgha ijEijkvka s ea s ls ,d Fkk lUa ;kl xgz .k djukA lUa ;klh dk /keZ cMk+ dfBu gkrs k gAS dfy;xq ds O;fDr mruk dBkjs /kekpZ j.k ugha dj ldrs blfy;s lUa ;kl dks dfyoT;Z vFkkrZ ~ dfy;xq ea s euk dj fn;k x;kA okLro ea s vkt tc lkjh l[q k lfq o/kkvka s ls ;Dq r cM&s cMs ipa rkjkfa dr rFkkdfFkr eBka s rFkk vkJeka s es iyus okyh x#s ok oL= /kkjh lUa ;kfl;ka sdh QktS dks n[s krs ga S rks le> ea s vkrk gS fd Lefrdkjka s us lU;kl dks dfyoT;Z D;ka s ekuk gkxs kA ijUrq vk| 'kda jkpk;Z us lUa ;kl /keZ dk iuq % ipz kj fd;kA mUgkuas s mls dfyoT;Z ls ckgj fudkyk rFkk J"s B fo}kuka s dks lUa ;kl xgz .k djus ds fy;s ifsz jr fd;kA 'kda jkpk;Z foKkuh FkAs lUa ;kfl;kas ds }kjk ofS nd /keZ dk iuq #}kj djus dh mUga s vko';drk irz hr gbq AZ lekt ij ck}S fHk{kvq ka s dk iHz kko cgrq c<+ jgk FkkA dos y ;K ;k Jk} djkus okys if.Mr ml iHz kko dks jkds ugha ldrs FkAs blfy;s 'kda jkpk;Z us v}rS er rFkk lUa ;kl /keZ dk ipz kj fd;kA rks ea S dguk ;g pkgrk g¡ w fd fojklr] iow tZ ka s dh ijia jk] /keZ dk lukruRo ;g lc dNq ugha gkrs kA ftl dky ea s tlS h vko';drk gkrs h gS ml

10 11

foKku ifjppkZ o"kZ 2] vad 3 tuojh&ekpZ 2012

dky ds foKkuh vFkkrZ ~ rdiZ .w k]Z cfq }oknh fopkjd lekt dks olS h fn'kk nrs s gAaS blfy;s Hkkb;k!s a v/a kfo'okl] djq hfr;k]as diq Fz kkvk]as :f<;+ ka s vkfn dh tMr+ k ls ckgj fudfy;As fujh{k.k] ijh{k.k vk/kkfjr rdiZ .w kZ fu"d"kka Zs dks viukb;As *

^pfy;s eku yrs s ga S vkidh ckrA fQj Hkh dNq i'z u rks 'k"s k jg gh tkrs gAaS gj O;fDr gj pht dk fujh{k.k ;k ijh{k.k ugha dj ldrkA MkDW Vj us dgk fd vkidk fyoj ;k fdMuh [kjkc gS rks ge MkDW Vj dh ckr ij fo'okl dj gh yrs s ga S u\ ge [knq dgk¡ viuk fyoj ;k viuh fdMuh n[s kus tkrs g\aS vkjS gea sle> ea s Hkh D;k vk;xs k\ iRz ;ds O;fDr dks dgha u dgh fdlh u fdlh ij vkLFkk j[kuh gh iMr+ h gAS vki tlS s MkDW Vj ij vkLFkk j[krs ga S olS s ge rkcht nus s okys rkfU=d ijA ge nkus ka s ea svUrj gh D;k g\S *

^vUrj gAS ge MkDW Vj uked O;fDr ij fo'okl ugha djrAs mldh fo|k ij djrs gAaS D;kfas d og fo|k vuds ihf<;+ ka sds vkjS vuds O;fDr;ka s ds vftrZ Kku vkjS vuHq ko dk ifj.kke gAS ge MkDW Vj }kjk crk;s x;s funku vkjS fu"d"kZ dks vU; MkDW Vjka s ls tpa ok Hkh ldrs gAaS ijUrq vki rkfU=d ds lkFk ,ls k ugha dj ldrAs vkidks mldh rU= fo|k dk dNqq Hkh irk ugha gkrs kA gks Hkh ugha ldrkA gekjk MkDW Vj ij] mldh fo|k ij fo'okl g(S vkidk rkfU=d ij v/a kfo'oklA ;g Bhd gS fd gj O;fDr gj ckr dk Lo;a fujh{k.k ;k ijh{k.k ugha dj ldrkA ijUrq ftlus ,ls k fd;k gS mlls lgh ekxZ rks tku gh ldrk gAS foKku ea s dNq Hkh xIq r ugha gkrs kA fdlh ds Hkh crk;s x;s er dk lkjs fo'o ds ml fo"k; ds fo}ku~ ijh{k.k djrs gASa rc tkdj ifjdYiuk ls fl)kUr vkjS fl)kUr ls fu;e curs gASa ,d ijw h oKS kfud ifz Ø;k gAS blds ckn Hkh ;fn dNq u;s iez k.k feys rks ijq kus fl}kUr cny Hkh tkrs gAaS foKku ,d txg #dk gvq k ik[s kj dk ikuh ugh]a dy dy fuukfnuh lfjrk gAS blfy;s vkb;s foKkuh cuAas *

,lksf'k,V izksQslj] HkwfoKku ¼ls- fu-½Mh-ch-,l- egkfo|ky;] nsgjknwu

mik/;{k] Hkkjrh; foKku ys[kd la?k]mRrjk[k.M izHkkx

ekuo tkfr vfr ikz phu le; ls o{k jkis .k djrh vk jgh gAS ou o{k ikz dfrd n';ka s dk ,d egRoi.w kZ rRo ga S ,oa vuds mPp vkfFkdZ ,oa lkLa dfrd egRoka s dks lekfgr djrs gAaS cht u dos y okfudh jkis .k ea s egRoi.w kZ Hkfw edk fuHkkrs ga S cfYd ikz dfrd ouka s ds iuq #Riknu ea s Hkh egRoi.w kZ gAaS ou jkis .k ,oa iuq ouZ hdj.k dk;ØZ eka s ea s o{kka s dh lQyre mUufr grs q ou o{k chtka s dh xfrfof/k dk lEi.w kZ Kku e[q ; vk/kkj gAS cMs + ieS kus ij o{kkjkis .k grs q cht dh foLrr ek=k ds lxa gz .k dh vko';drk vfuok;Z gAS blfy, okfudh jkis .k ea s cht ,d vfregRoi.w kZ fuo's k gS vkjS cht&tfS odh Kku] cht mRiknu] lxa gz .k] Hk.Mkj.k iow &Z mipkj vkfn lekfo"V chtka s ds mfpr icz /a ku grs q vfr vko';d gAS n's k dh egRoi.w kZ o{k itz kfr;ka s ds chtka s dk lxa gz .k le;] jkis .k iow Z mipkj] mRiknu ifz r'kr] vda jq .k {kerk] Hk.Mkj.k] rkieku] chtka s dh l[a ;k@fdykxs kz e ,oa cht dh idz fr vk/kkfjr lpw uk ,oa egRoi.w kZ ijh{k.k] i;z kxs 'kkyk ea s ,ls s ijh{k.kka s ds lpa kyu grs q mi;kxs fd, tkus okys midj.k tks lekfo"V chtka s dh nfS gd ,oa dkf;d x.q koÙkk ds ijh{k.k grs q i;z kxs ea s yk, tkrs g(aS vlhfer egRo ds gkrs s ga S ,oa ouikyka s dks muds ik/S kky;ka s ,oa jkis .k dk;ØZ eka s dks lQy cukus grs q miyC/k fd, tkus pkfg,A

fo'ookfudh fnol ¼21 ekpZ½ ij

okfudh eas

chtka sdk egRo

vkseohj flag

pkjk] b/aZ ku ,oa dk"B vk/kkfjr vk|S kfs xdh; dPph lkexhz grs q cgxq fq .kr ekx¡ dh ifw rZ ds fy;s o{kjkis .k egÙoi.w kZ gks x;k gAS bl dk;Z dks lQy cukus grs q chtka s dh ipz jq vkifw rZ gkus h pkfg;As ,d vkdyu ds vulq kj gekjs n's k ea svueq kfur 4]10]000 gDs V;s j Hkfw e ds ouhdj.k grs q ifz ro"kZ 34]000 draq y o{k cht dh vko';drk gkrs h gAS LFky fo'k"s k itz kfr;ka s ds p;u dh mi;Dq rrk gekjs jkis .k dk;ØZ eka s dk ,d egRoi.w kZ vxa gAS yfs du ,dek= ;gh i;kIZ r ugha gAS ,d vU; egRoi.w kZ rRo oxhdZ r chtka s dk i;z kxs gS ftls blds mnx~ e] y{k.k fo'k"s krkvk]as tks {k=s mRikndrk ,oa vuxq keh cht fuek.Z k dks iHz kkfor djrs g]aS ls lEc) foLrr lpw uk ls fØ;kfUor fd;k tkrk gAS ,d tfS odh; mRikn ds :i ea s cht dh xfrfof/k dk iow kuZ eq ku ugha yxk;k tk ldrk gAS ;g itz kfr] lxa gz .k o"k]Z Hk.Mkj.k foLrkj ,oa voLFkk ij fuHkjZ djxs kA dVkbZ ds le;] fu"d"k.Z k] 'kk/s ku ds nkjS ku cht O;kikj dk ifj.kke {kfr Hkh gks ldrk gS tks ikjxeu vFkok Hk.Mkj.k ds nkjS ku ijorhZ ¼vxyk½ foLrkj ds fHkUu v'a k ea s Lo;a Li"V gks tkrk gAS cht ijh{k.k ifz Ø;k blfy, fodflr dh tkrh gS fd x.q koÙkk fu;=a .k dks cuk, j[kk tk lds ,oa Hkkoh cht miHkkDs rk dks lpw uk inz ku dh tk ldAs

df"k e]as cht vf/kfu;e 1966] ds vulq kj fcØh fd, tk jgs cht dh x.q koÙkk iez kf.kr gkus k vko';d gAS bl iez k.khdj.k dk y{; miHkkDs rk ¼fdlkuk½as d]s tks mÙke mit grs q mÙke cht pkgrk gS rFkk cht mRiknd] tks vius chtka s dh mPp x.q koÙkk grs q mÙke eYw ; dh pkg djrk gS nkus ka s ds fgrka s dk lj{a k.k djrk gAS rFkkfi] okfudh e]as mRiknd vkjS mi;kxs drkZ nkus ka s ds ljdkjh lxa Bu gAaS bl dkj.k i'z u ;g mBrk gS fd D;k okLro ea s okfudh jkis .k ea s iez kf.kr cht ds mi;kxs ds n<+ ikyu dh lfq uf'prrk grs q mi;Dq r fo/kku ykus dh vko';drk g\S ;g n[s kk x;k gS fd cht ds jkis .k egRo ds lca /a k ea s i.w kZ lpw uk u gkus k jkT; ou foHkkxka s e]as jkis .k y{;ka s dh ifw rZ ea s foQyrk dk dkj.k gkrs k gAS dgus dh vko';drk ugha fd

x.q koÙkk fu;=a .k ds Li"V ekudka s dk vHkko ou jkis .k dk;ØZ eka s dks vi{s kkulq kj lQy ugha gkus s nrs kA

Hkkjr e]as tul[a ;k Hkkj&of) ,oa {k=s lk/kuka s dh de mRiknu {kerk] df"k ,oa ou mit nkus ka s dh ekx¡ ,oa vkifw rZ ds e/; foLrr vra jky dk ifj.kke gAS mit l/q kkj dk;ØZ e ds ek/;e ls df"k lca /a kh {k=s ea s O;kid :i ea s lQy i;z Ru fd, x, gAaS mlh idz kj o{k l/q kkj dk;ØZ eka s us Hkh tks vkuoq kfa 'kdh ds oreZ ku rkfRod Kku ij vk/kkfjr g]aS vudq yw ifj.kke inz f'krZ fd;kA n's k ea souk/khu {k=s 75 yk[k gDs V;s j ea svkda fyr fd;k x;k g]S tks dyq Hkfw e {k=s dk 23 ifz r'kr gAS ;g jk"Vhª ; ou uhfr ds vulq kj 33 ifz r'kr vifs {kr gAS tul[a ;k foLQkVs ,oa b/aZ ku] pkjk ,oa dk"B grs q ekx¡ of) dh fodjky leL;k us n's k ea s fo'kky [kMa ka s ea s ou {k=s dh lekIrhdj.k dh fLFkfr mRi™k dj nh gAS bl ij fot; ikus grs q ou dh mRiknu {kerk ea s of) vfuok;Z gks xbAZ blds vfrfjDr Hkkjr ea s okfudh dh okf"kdZ of) nj 0-5 & 1-5 ?ku eh0 gDs V;s j ifz r o"kZ gS tks fd 3 ?ku eh0 gDs V;s j ifz r o"kZ dh i.w kZ vklS r ls de gAS mÙkjk[k.M] fgekpy inz 's k ,oa tEew rFkk d'ehj tlS s igkMh+ {k=s ka s ds fy,] tks viuh fo"ke LFkykdfr ds dkj.k vuds vun[s ks ,oa iow kuZ eq kughu ikz dfrd vkinkvka s ls iHz kkfor gkrs s jgrs ga S ;g of) nj Hkh cuk;s j[kuk vf/kd dfBu gkrs k gAS

bl puq krS h dk lkeuk fo|eku vk/kkjka s ea sp;u }kjk l/q kkj djds fd;k tk ldrk gAS blds vfrfjDr] mi;Dq r itz kfr;ka sdh vi;kIZ r vkifw rZ jkis .k dk;ØZ eka s ds fodkl grs q ikz ;% ,d e[q ; ck/kk ds :i ea s n[s kh tkrh gAS ,ls h fLFkfr ea s mi;Dq r x.q koÙkk okys ou ouLifr;ka s ds cht ;fn feya s rks ouhdj.k ds fy;s vR;Ur ykHkinz gkxas As bl idz kj ds chtka s dh mÙke x.q koÙkk dk ijh{k.k ,oa fu/kkjZ .k djus ds fy;s rFkk muds mRiknu dh lfq uf'prrk grs q O;kid tkpa vifs {kr gkrs h gAS ,ls s mÙke x.q kka s ls ;äq chtka sdk lxa gz rFkk mi;kxs fd;k tkuk pkfg;As ;|fi ;g ifz Ø;k nh?kZ ,oa foLrr gkrs h gS ijUrq mÙke vkuoq kfa 'kd

ykHk ds fy;s vko';d gh gAS bl ijw h ifz Ø;k ea s vkuoq kfa 'kd cht mRiknu {k=s dh LFkkiuk] mnx~ e LFky ijh{k.k] mi;kxs h o{k p;u] mu o{kka s dk ueuw ka s ds :i ea s fodkl] chtk|s ku dh LFkkiuk rFkk mudk foLrkj vUrHkrZw gkrs s gAaS lkFk gh chtka s dh jkis .k of) nj rFkk ifz r bdkbZ mRiknu {kerk ea s of) ds fy;s lrr vulq /a kku fd;k tkuk pkfg;As

Hkkjr esa o`{k chtksa esa xq.koÙkk fu;a=.k

ou o{k chtka s ea s x.q koÙkk fu;=a .k dh vko';drk dks egÙo oLrrq % o"kZ 1961 ea s ou vulq /a kku lLa Fkku] ngs jknuw ea svk;kfs tr 9oa s ou o{k foKku lEeys u ds ijke'kkZ s ij fn;k x;kA rrh; ipa o"kh;Z ;kts uk ds vUrxrZ 1962 ea s ou vulq /a kku lLa Fkku] ngs jknuw ea s dUs nhz ; cht i;z kxs 'kkyk ¼oreZ ku ou o{k cht i;z kxs 'kkyk½ dh LFkkiuk bl ijke'kZ dk ,d Øe FkkA 1966 e]as ou vulq /a kku lLa Fkku ea s fLFkr cht ijh{k.k i;z kxs 'kkyk dks ou o{k chtka s grs q ,d ikz ekf.kd dUs nz ds :i ea s ekU;rk ikz Ir gbq AZ 1971 ea sv/;{k] ou vulq /a kku lLa Fkku ,oa egkfo|ky;] ou vulq /a kku lLa Fkku ea sokfudh vulq /a kku ds fun's kd ,oa ou O;kf/kdh 'kk[kk ds iHz kkjh vf/kdkjh dks vra jk"Z Vhª ; cht ijh{k.k l?a k ¼vkb-Z ,l-Vh-,-½ ds iRz ;kf'kr lnL;ka s ds in dh Lohdfr nh xbAZ ;g i;z kxs 'kkyk vra jk"Z Vhª ; cht ijh{k.k l?a k dk iRz ;kf'kr lnL; dnas z gS vkjS vkb-Z ,l-Vh-,- fu;eka sdh vu:q irk ea s cht ueuw ka s dh tkp¡ &iMr+ ky ds i'pkr vra jk"Z Vhª ; cht

12 13

foKku ifjppkZ o"kZ 2] vad 3 tuojh&ekpZ 2012

ekuo tkfr vfr ikz phu le; ls o{k jkis .k djrh vk jgh gAS ou o{k ikz dfrd n';ka s dk ,d egRoi.w kZ rRo ga S ,oa vuds mPp vkfFkdZ ,oa lkLa dfrd egRoka s dks lekfgr djrs gAaS cht u dos y okfudh jkis .k ea s egRoi.w kZ Hkfw edk fuHkkrs ga S cfYd ikz dfrd ouka s ds iuq #Riknu ea s Hkh egRoi.w kZ gAaS ou jkis .k ,oa iuq ouZ hdj.k dk;ØZ eka s ea s o{kka s dh lQyre mUufr grs q ou o{k chtka s dh xfrfof/k dk lEi.w kZ Kku e[q ; vk/kkj gAS cMs + ieS kus ij o{kkjkis .k grs q cht dh foLrr ek=k ds lxa gz .k dh vko';drk vfuok;Z gAS blfy, okfudh jkis .k ea s cht ,d vfregRoi.w kZ fuo's k gS vkjS cht&tfS odh Kku] cht mRiknu] lxa gz .k] Hk.Mkj.k iow &Z mipkj vkfn lekfo"V chtka s ds mfpr icz /a ku grs q vfr vko';d gAS n's k dh egRoi.w kZ o{k itz kfr;ka s ds chtka s dk lxa gz .k le;] jkis .k iow Z mipkj] mRiknu ifz r'kr] vda jq .k {kerk] Hk.Mkj.k] rkieku] chtka s dh l[a ;k@fdykxs kz e ,oa cht dh idz fr vk/kkfjr lpw uk ,oa egRoi.w kZ ijh{k.k] i;z kxs 'kkyk ea s ,ls s ijh{k.kka s ds lpa kyu grs q mi;kxs fd, tkus okys midj.k tks lekfo"V chtka s dh nfS gd ,oa dkf;d x.q koÙkk ds ijh{k.k grs q i;z kxs ea s yk, tkrs g(aS vlhfer egRo ds gkrs s ga S ,oa ouikyka s dks muds ik/S kky;ka s ,oa jkis .k dk;ØZ eka s dks lQy cukus grs q miyC/k fd, tkus pkfg,A

fo'ookfudh fnol ¼21 ekpZ½ ij

okfudh eas

chtka sdk egRo

vkseohj flag

pkjk] b/aZ ku ,oa dk"B vk/kkfjr vk|S kfs xdh; dPph lkexhz grs q cgxq fq .kr ekx¡ dh ifw rZ ds fy;s o{kjkis .k egÙoi.w kZ gks x;k gAS bl dk;Z dks lQy cukus grs q chtka s dh ipz jq vkifw rZ gkus h pkfg;As ,d vkdyu ds vulq kj gekjs n's k ea svueq kfur 4]10]000 gDs V;s j Hkfw e ds ouhdj.k grs q ifz ro"kZ 34]000 draq y o{k cht dh vko';drk gkrs h gAS LFky fo'k"s k itz kfr;ka s ds p;u dh mi;Dq rrk gekjs jkis .k dk;ØZ eka s dk ,d egRoi.w kZ vxa gAS yfs du ,dek= ;gh i;kIZ r ugha gAS ,d vU; egRoi.w kZ rRo oxhdZ r chtka s dk i;z kxs gS ftls blds mnx~ e] y{k.k fo'k"s krkvk]as tks {k=s mRikndrk ,oa vuxq keh cht fuek.Z k dks iHz kkfor djrs g]aS ls lEc) foLrr lpw uk ls fØ;kfUor fd;k tkrk gAS ,d tfS odh; mRikn ds :i ea s cht dh xfrfof/k dk iow kuZ eq ku ugha yxk;k tk ldrk gAS ;g itz kfr] lxa gz .k o"k]Z Hk.Mkj.k foLrkj ,oa voLFkk ij fuHkjZ djxs kA dVkbZ ds le;] fu"d"k.Z k] 'kk/s ku ds nkjS ku cht O;kikj dk ifj.kke {kfr Hkh gks ldrk gS tks ikjxeu vFkok Hk.Mkj.k ds nkjS ku ijorhZ ¼vxyk½ foLrkj ds fHkUu v'a k ea s Lo;a Li"V gks tkrk gAS cht ijh{k.k ifz Ø;k blfy, fodflr dh tkrh gS fd x.q koÙkk fu;=a .k dks cuk, j[kk tk lds ,oa Hkkoh cht miHkkDs rk dks lpw uk inz ku dh tk ldAs

df"k e]as cht vf/kfu;e 1966] ds vulq kj fcØh fd, tk jgs cht dh x.q koÙkk iez kf.kr gkus k vko';d gAS bl iez k.khdj.k dk y{; miHkkDs rk ¼fdlkuk½as d]s tks mÙke mit grs q mÙke cht pkgrk gS rFkk cht mRiknd] tks vius chtka s dh mPp x.q koÙkk grs q mÙke eYw ; dh pkg djrk gS nkus ka s ds fgrka s dk lj{a k.k djrk gAS rFkkfi] okfudh e]as mRiknd vkjS mi;kxs drkZ nkus ka s ds ljdkjh lxa Bu gAaS bl dkj.k i'z u ;g mBrk gS fd D;k okLro ea s okfudh jkis .k ea s iez kf.kr cht ds mi;kxs ds n<+ ikyu dh lfq uf'prrk grs q mi;Dq r fo/kku ykus dh vko';drk g\S ;g n[s kk x;k gS fd cht ds jkis .k egRo ds lca /a k ea s i.w kZ lpw uk u gkus k jkT; ou foHkkxka s e]as jkis .k y{;ka s dh ifw rZ ea s foQyrk dk dkj.k gkrs k gAS dgus dh vko';drk ugha fd

x.q koÙkk fu;=a .k ds Li"V ekudka s dk vHkko ou jkis .k dk;ØZ eka s dks vi{s kkulq kj lQy ugha gkus s nrs kA

Hkkjr e]as tul[a ;k Hkkj&of) ,oa {k=s lk/kuka s dh de mRiknu {kerk] df"k ,oa ou mit nkus ka s dh ekx¡ ,oa vkifw rZ ds e/; foLrr vra jky dk ifj.kke gAS mit l/q kkj dk;ØZ e ds ek/;e ls df"k lca /a kh {k=s ea s O;kid :i ea s lQy i;z Ru fd, x, gAaS mlh idz kj o{k l/q kkj dk;ØZ eka s us Hkh tks vkuoq kfa 'kdh ds oreZ ku rkfRod Kku ij vk/kkfjr g]aS vudq yw ifj.kke inz f'krZ fd;kA n's k ea souk/khu {k=s 75 yk[k gDs V;s j ea svkda fyr fd;k x;k g]S tks dyq Hkfw e {k=s dk 23 ifz r'kr gAS ;g jk"Vhª ; ou uhfr ds vulq kj 33 ifz r'kr vifs {kr gAS tul[a ;k foLQkVs ,oa b/aZ ku] pkjk ,oa dk"B grs q ekx¡ of) dh fodjky leL;k us n's k ea s fo'kky [kMa ka s ea s ou {k=s dh lekIrhdj.k dh fLFkfr mRi™k dj nh gAS bl ij fot; ikus grs q ou dh mRiknu {kerk ea s of) vfuok;Z gks xbAZ blds vfrfjDr Hkkjr ea s okfudh dh okf"kdZ of) nj 0-5 & 1-5 ?ku eh0 gDs V;s j ifz r o"kZ gS tks fd 3 ?ku eh0 gDs V;s j ifz r o"kZ dh i.w kZ vklS r ls de gAS mÙkjk[k.M] fgekpy inz 's k ,oa tEew rFkk d'ehj tlS s igkMh+ {k=s ka s ds fy,] tks viuh fo"ke LFkykdfr ds dkj.k vuds vun[s ks ,oa iow kuZ eq kughu ikz dfrd vkinkvka s ls iHz kkfor gkrs s jgrs ga S ;g of) nj Hkh cuk;s j[kuk vf/kd dfBu gkrs k gAS

bl puq krS h dk lkeuk fo|eku vk/kkjka s ea sp;u }kjk l/q kkj djds fd;k tk ldrk gAS blds vfrfjDr] mi;Dq r itz kfr;ka sdh vi;kIZ r vkifw rZ jkis .k dk;ØZ eka s ds fodkl grs q ikz ;% ,d e[q ; ck/kk ds :i ea s n[s kh tkrh gAS ,ls h fLFkfr ea s mi;Dq r x.q koÙkk okys ou ouLifr;ka s ds cht ;fn feya s rks ouhdj.k ds fy;s vR;Ur ykHkinz gkxas As bl idz kj ds chtka s dh mÙke x.q koÙkk dk ijh{k.k ,oa fu/kkjZ .k djus ds fy;s rFkk muds mRiknu dh lfq uf'prrk grs q O;kid tkpa vifs {kr gkrs h gAS ,ls s mÙke x.q kka s ls ;äq chtka sdk lxa gz rFkk mi;kxs fd;k tkuk pkfg;As ;|fi ;g ifz Ø;k nh?kZ ,oa foLrr gkrs h gS ijUrq mÙke vkuoq kfa 'kd

ykHk ds fy;s vko';d gh gAS bl ijw h ifz Ø;k ea s vkuoq kfa 'kd cht mRiknu {k=s dh LFkkiuk] mnx~ e LFky ijh{k.k] mi;kxs h o{k p;u] mu o{kka s dk ueuw ka s ds :i ea s fodkl] chtk|s ku dh LFkkiuk rFkk mudk foLrkj vUrHkrZw gkrs s gAaS lkFk gh chtka s dh jkis .k of) nj rFkk ifz r bdkbZ mRiknu {kerk ea s of) ds fy;s lrr vulq /a kku fd;k tkuk pkfg;As

Hkkjr esa o`{k chtksa esa xq.koÙkk fu;a=.k

ou o{k chtka s ea s x.q koÙkk fu;=a .k dh vko';drk dks egÙo oLrrq % o"kZ 1961 ea s ou vulq /a kku lLa Fkku] ngs jknuw ea svk;kfs tr 9oa s ou o{k foKku lEeys u ds ijke'kkZ s ij fn;k x;kA rrh; ipa o"kh;Z ;kts uk ds vUrxrZ 1962 ea s ou vulq /a kku lLa Fkku] ngs jknuw ea s dUs nhz ; cht i;z kxs 'kkyk ¼oreZ ku ou o{k cht i;z kxs 'kkyk½ dh LFkkiuk bl ijke'kZ dk ,d Øe FkkA 1966 e]as ou vulq /a kku lLa Fkku ea s fLFkr cht ijh{k.k i;z kxs 'kkyk dks ou o{k chtka s grs q ,d ikz ekf.kd dUs nz ds :i ea s ekU;rk ikz Ir gbq AZ 1971 ea sv/;{k] ou vulq /a kku lLa Fkku ,oa egkfo|ky;] ou vulq /a kku lLa Fkku ea sokfudh vulq /a kku ds fun's kd ,oa ou O;kf/kdh 'kk[kk ds iHz kkjh vf/kdkjh dks vra jk"Z Vhª ; cht ijh{k.k l?a k ¼vkb-Z ,l-Vh-,-½ ds iRz ;kf'kr lnL;ka s ds in dh Lohdfr nh xbAZ ;g i;z kxs 'kkyk vra jk"Z Vhª ; cht ijh{k.k l?a k dk iRz ;kf'kr lnL; dnas z gS vkjS vkb-Z ,l-Vh-,- fu;eka sdh vu:q irk ea s cht ueuw ka s dh tkp¡ &iMr+ ky ds i'pkr vra jk"Z Vhª ; cht

12 13

foKku ifjppkZ o"kZ 2] vad 3 tuojh&ekpZ 2012

14 15

fo'y"s k.k iez k.ki= fn;s tkus grs q ikz f/kdr gAaS

dsUnzh; ,oa {ks=h; vFkok jkT; cht ijh{k.k iz;ksx'kkyk,a

f}rh; okfudh lEeys u] 1980 dh vu'q kla k ij vkjEHk fd, x, dk;Z ds :i ea s jkT; ou foHkkxka s }kjk xjS ljdkjh cht ijh{k.k i;z kxs 'kkyk LFkkiuk grs q Hkh i;z kl fd, tk jgs gAaS ;g vifs {kr gS fd ou o{k mUufr] cht ijh{k.k] cht Hk.Mkj.k ,oa cht iez k.khdj.k ea svulq /a kku ,oa fodkl grs q jkT; lxa Buka sdk l'kähdj.k fd;k tkuk pkfg,A blds ikz jEHk ls dUs nhz ; cht ijh{k.k i;z kxs 'kkyk gekjs n's k ds o{k chtka s ds ijh{k.k grs q fu;eka s dk ekudhdj.k dj jgh gS ,oa jkT; ou foHkkxka s ,oa fo'ofo|ky;ka s dks Hkh lykg inz ku dj jgh gAS bl i;z kxs 'kkyk ds fuEufyf[kr fØ;kdyki g%aS &

l;g ifz r:i o{k cht i;z kxs 'kkyk gS tks cht ikz |S kfs xdh ds {k=s ea s vfr uohurk lekfo"V djrh gS ,oa o{k chtka s grs q cht ijh{k.k ekudhdj.k ds fy, mPpre O;kolkf;d vulq /a kku drkvZ ka s ,oa rduhdKka s ds lkFk bl ikz |S kfxdh ds fofHkUu [k.Mka s grs q vfuok;Z mÙke miyC/k lk/ku gAS

lfofHkUu okfudh fdLeka s ds cht fuek.Z k] cht icz /a k] vda jq .k] ilz fq Ir ¼rna kz oLFkk½] cht Hk.Mkj.k bR;kfn ij vk/kkfjr vulq /a kku bl i;z kxs 'kkyk dh fu;fer fo'k"s krk,a gAaS

l;g i;z kxs 'kkyk cht rduhdK ,oa fo'y"s kdka s dh ubZ ih<h+ grs q Hkh ,d ifz 'k{k.k ,oa fu:i.k dUs nz Hkh g]S ftldh vko';drk {k=s h; ,oa jkT; o{k cht ijh{k.k i;z kxs 'kkykvka s dks gks ldrh gAS

l;g i;z kxs 'kkyk ifj.kke ;Dq r cht ijh{k.k ifz Ø;k ,oa O;k[;k ds ekudhdj.k grs q vfHkfu.kk;Z d ijh{k.k ¼e/;LFk ijh{k.k½ ds :i ea sHkh ykHk inz ku djrh g]S rkfd fofHkUu dUs nz cht ifz Ø;kvka s ds l/q kkj grs q vulq /a kku urs Ro ds

inz 'kuZ ,oa ikz Rs lkgu dks mUur dj lda s ,oa leeYw ; ifj.kke ikz Ir dj ldAas

Hkkjr esa o`{k chtksa dk cht izek.khdj.k

Hkkjr ea s oreZ ku ea s okfudh ea s i;z Dq r chtka s dk ,d fo'kky Hkkx ikz dfrd rFkk jkfs ir lkz rs ka s ls ikz Ir fd;k tkrk gS ijUrq ;s lkz rs cht mRiknu grs q u rks oxhdZ r ga S vkjS u gh fo'k"s k :i ls O;ofLFkr gAaS oreZ ku ea s ou o{k vkuoq kfa 'kdh ds c<r+ s Kku ds lkFk] okfudh ea s bl foKku ds vuiq ;z kxs ds ek/;e ls ikz Ir fd, tk ldus okys ykHkka s dks dk;kfZ Uor fd;k tk jgk gAaS bl dk;kUZ o;u ds lkFk] Hkkjr ea sjkis .k inS kokj grs q x.q koÙkk chtka s ds mi;kxss dks lfq uf'pr djus ds mnn~ 's ; ls okfudh chtka s ds fu:i.k] xgz .k vkjS iez k.khdj.k dk Øe LFkkfir gks ldxs kA

chtka s dk iez k.khdj.k vR;Ur egÙoi.w kZ gkrs k gAS df"k ,oa dk"Bh; ¼txa yh½ ikni cht grs q iez k.khdj.k 'kCn dk ,d fo'k"s k vFkZ gAS blea s vkuoq kfa 'kd l/q kkj Hkh lfUufgr gS ,oa bldk mnn~ 's ; mi;kxs drkZ dks fodflr ,oa oxhdZ r lokÙZs ke mit ikni fdLeka s ds mPp x.q koÙkk cht ,oa ioz /kuZ lkexhz miyC/k djkuk g]S ftlls vkuoq kfa 'kd fu/kkjZ .k ,oa 'k)q rk lfq uf'pr dh tk ldAs ikz ;% cht iez k.khdj.k] 'kkldh; ekU;rk ikz Ir lxa Bu }kjk iez kf.kr cht fo'k"s krk ,oa x.q koÙkk dh xkja Vh g]S tks iez k.khdj.k J.s kh] fdLeka s ,oa fofo/krk dh ekfS ydrk] lxa gz .k o"k]Z mnx~ e] 'k}q rk ,oa nk"s kjfgr ¼vkjkXs ;rk½ rFkk vda jq .k'khy {kerk lEcU/kh lpw uk dks lekfo"V djrk gAS

ouksa ds iqu#Riknd lkexzh ds uke ,oa izek.khdj.k dks le>us gsrq fuEufyf[kr fcanq egRoiw.kZ gSa%&

liez k.khdj.k 'kkldh; ekU;rk ikz Ir lxa Bu }kjk nh xbZ og xkjVa h g]S ftlls vfHkfu/kkfZ jr fofo/krk dh ou i:q Riknu lkexhz dks mPp x.q koRrk ,oa vkuoq kfa 'kd vfHkfu/kkjZ .k icz /a ku grs q ,d fof/k ea s mRiknu] lxa gz .k] ifz Ø;k ,oa oxhdZ r fd;k x;k gAS

liez k.khdj.k dk;ØZ e ds fy, ,d

iez k.khdj.k 'kk[kk rFkk ,d ,ls s iLz rrq drkZ ¼l;a kts d½ dk gkus k vifs {kr g]S ftls iez kf.kr lkexhz dh fcØh] itz uu dk;ØZ eka s ds vfHky[s kk]a s iez k.khdj.k ekudk]as Lor=a tkp¡ ,oa ikz ek.khdj.k i=ka sdh vko';drk gkAs

mi;DZq r y{;ka s dks ikz Ir djus ds mnn~ 's ; l]s cht lekgkj ¼miyfC/k½ ,oa o{k l/q kkj] gnS jkckn vk/kkfjr Hkkjr & Mus ekdZ ifj;kts uk us ÞHkkjr ea s ou iuq #Riknu lkexhz dk iez k.khdj.kß] 'kkh"kdZ ;kts uk dk l=w ikr fd;kA ;g ;kts uk vkfFkdZ O;oLFkk lg;kts u ,oa fodkl ¼vk-s b-Z lh-Mh-½ ekudka s ;kts ukvka s ,oa fun'Zs kuka s ds lxa Bu ij vk/kkfjr FkhA bl ;kts uk dh fu;ekoyh fu/kkfZ jr gS ftlds vulq kj foLrkj.k grs q cht ds lxa gz ] ogu ¼b/kj & m/kj forj.k½ ifz Ø;k] HkMa kj.k] ckuxh] uke ,oa enq kz da u ¼egq jcna h½ fd;s tkrs gAS vkfFkdZ O;oLFkk lg;kts u ,oa fodkl lxa Bu] }kjk i;z kxs dh tkus okyh 04 J.s khc) iez k.khdj.k g%S &

lkz rs vfHkfu/kkjZ .k & ¼ihyk ycs y½

p;fur & ¼gjk ycs y½

vijhf{kr chtk|s ku & ¼xyq kch ycs y½

iez kf.kr iuq #Riknu lkexhz & ¼uhyk ycs y½

lkekU;r % iez k.khdj.k ds fy,] ijkx.k iow Z mRiknu ek=d dh tkp¡ ] inS kokj iow Z Qly tkp¡ ] Hk.Mkj.k grs q lxa gz voLFkk ds nkjS ku tkp¡ ,oa fcØh grs q lkexhz dh ifS dxa ds le; tkp¡ vifs {kr gAS 'kkldh; ekU;rk ikz Ir lxa Bu }kjk iuq #Riknu lkexhz dh fo'k"s krk ,oa x.q koŸkk dh xkjVa h] ikz ;% jxa lda rs ycs y ¼dyj dkfs Mxa VxS ½ }kjk iez kf.kr dh tkrh gS ,oa ,d iez k.ki= iez k.khdj.k J.s kh] fdLeka s ,oa fofo/krk dh ekfS ydrk] lxa gz .k o"k]Z mnx~ e 'k)q rk ,oa vkjkXs ;rk rFkk vda jq .k 'khy {kerk tlS s fooj.k dks lekfo"V djrk gAS iez k.khdj.k dk mnn~ 's ; turk grs q lokŸZs ke mit ikni fofo/krk ds mPp x.q koŸkk chtka s ,oa ioz /kuZ lkexhz dk icz /a ku ,oa miyC/krk gAS

o{kkjkis .k dk;ØZ eka s ls lokÙZs ke miyfC/k grs q cht dk egRoi.w kZ LFkku g]S D;kfas d

cht dk i/z kku rkRi;Z leLr o{kkZ as ,oa vuds dk"B:ih itz kfr;ka s dks ,d ih<h+ ls nlw jh ih<h+ ea s LFkkukUrj.k djuk gAS ou o{k vkuoq kfa 'kdh ds Kku of) dks okfudh ea s blds vuiq ;z kxs ds ek/;e ls ikz Ir fd;s tkus okys ykHkka s dks egllw fd;k tk jgk gAS x.q kdkjh cht vl[a ; jkis .k lxa gz l/q kkj dk;ØZ eka s dk ifj.kke

foKku ifjppkZ o"kZ 2] vad 3 tuojh&ekpZ 2012

lk<s pkj vjc o"kka Zs dh r#.kh gS ekrk /kjrh

ftrus o"kZ chrrs tkrs mruh lUq nj vkjS fu[kjrh

igys vjc Hk;kud gh Fks vlguh; ls rki Hkjs

ty ea s Tokyke[q kh QVw rs ykok vkjS mcky Hkjs

NkVs s NkVs s Hkrw y curs vkS fNNys fo'kky lkxj

rÙoka s dh Øec) O;oLFkk gkrs h Hkhrj ls ckgj

Hkkjh rRo dUs nz ea s ters gyds Øe ls vkrs Åij

muls Hkh gydka s ls fuferZ okrkoj.k gvq k fljij

ty] ea s vkDW lhtu vkS dkcuZ dk gvq k dHkh e/kjq lg;kxs

vkjS iLz Qfq Vr gvq k /kjk ij thou] vnH~ krq ;g l;a kxs

vkjS cus fQj egk}hi Fks vkjS egklkxj Hkh

yfs du ugha vkt tlS s Fks lnk cnyrh jgh egh

dHkh ykgs ls Hkjs mnf/k Fks puw s ls Fks dHkh Hkjs

dHkh yo.k dh de ek=k Fkh vkjS dHkh vkfr'k; [kkjs

dHkh tyf/k ea s Hkkfa r ds dkfs Vd tho fopjrs

vkjS dHkh lkjs ej tkrs cjq s fnuka s ds pyrs

eqdqan tks'kh

gkrs s gS blfy, vPNk ,oa x.q kdkjh cht ikz Ir djus grs q ifz r:i chtk|s ku] chtkda jq chtk|s ku bR;kfn fuferZ fd, tk jgs gAaS vk/kfq ud le; ea s cht&lkz rs ifjp; vR;f/kd egRo j[krk g]S vr% cht lokRZs d"V ,oa ekU;rkikz Ir x.q kkRed chtkRs iknu {k=s ka s ls ,df=r fd;s tkus pkfg,A bl :i e]as ouka s dh mRiknu

{kerk ea s of) grs q ou jkis .kka s dk thfor jguk ,oa of) okLrfod :i ls mUur dh tk ldrh gAS

oSKkfud lhou lao/kZu izHkkx

ou vuqla/kku laLFkkunsgjknwu

ubZ ubZ tkfr;k¡ iuirha urw u gkrs k tho txr~

tk;a ijq ku]s cla s u;s ;g ifjoruZ dk Øe 'kk'or

egk}hi VVw ]a s tMq + tk;]as Hkrw y dk gks :i u;k

lkxj tgk]¡ ogk¡ iorZ gk]as iorZ tgk¡ lenq z ogk¡

[kx gS ljw t] lc xgz [kx ga S viuh iFoh Hkh [kx gS

lcds pyus dh xfr fuf'pr ifjiFk ex gS

dHkh dHkh ljw t ls iFoh tjk njw ;k fudV gbq Z

rHkh ;gk¡ ij ?kkjs 'khr _rq vFkok xjeh fodV gbq Z

lk<s + pkj vjc o"kkZ s dk fdruk vuiq e ;g bfrgkl

req rks dos y dy vk;s gks ekuo! bl ij djus okl

vk;q rEq gkjh bl /kjrh ij vHkh gbq Z dos y nl yk[k

fdra q cukbZ fu%l'a k; gS req us viuh vnH~ krq lk[k

vcrd idz fr [kys rh vkrh vius eu ls viuk [kys

req us bles a fdra q feyk;k cfq ) Kku dk lnqa j eys

lko/kku yfs du ij jguk ;kn lnk ;g j[kuk

lkFk idz fr ds fey dj jguk fpjLFkk;h gks fQj jguk

foKku dfork

iFoh dk bfrgkl

14 15

fo'y"s k.k iez k.ki= fn;s tkus grs q ikz f/kdr gAaS

dsUnzh; ,oa {ks=h; vFkok jkT; cht ijh{k.k iz;ksx'kkyk,a

f}rh; okfudh lEeys u] 1980 dh vu'q kla k ij vkjEHk fd, x, dk;Z ds :i ea s jkT; ou foHkkxka s }kjk xjS ljdkjh cht ijh{k.k i;z kxs 'kkyk LFkkiuk grs q Hkh i;z kl fd, tk jgs gAaS ;g vifs {kr gS fd ou o{k mUufr] cht ijh{k.k] cht Hk.Mkj.k ,oa cht iez k.khdj.k ea svulq /a kku ,oa fodkl grs q jkT; lxa Buka sdk l'kähdj.k fd;k tkuk pkfg,A blds ikz jEHk ls dUs nhz ; cht ijh{k.k i;z kxs 'kkyk gekjs n's k ds o{k chtka s ds ijh{k.k grs q fu;eka s dk ekudhdj.k dj jgh gS ,oa jkT; ou foHkkxka s ,oa fo'ofo|ky;ka s dks Hkh lykg inz ku dj jgh gAS bl i;z kxs 'kkyk ds fuEufyf[kr fØ;kdyki g%aS &

l;g ifz r:i o{k cht i;z kxs 'kkyk gS tks cht ikz |S kfs xdh ds {k=s ea s vfr uohurk lekfo"V djrh gS ,oa o{k chtka s grs q cht ijh{k.k ekudhdj.k ds fy, mPpre O;kolkf;d vulq /a kku drkvZ ka s ,oa rduhdKka s ds lkFk bl ikz |S kfxdh ds fofHkUu [k.Mka s grs q vfuok;Z mÙke miyC/k lk/ku gAS

lfofHkUu okfudh fdLeka s ds cht fuek.Z k] cht icz /a k] vda jq .k] ilz fq Ir ¼rna kz oLFkk½] cht Hk.Mkj.k bR;kfn ij vk/kkfjr vulq /a kku bl i;z kxs 'kkyk dh fu;fer fo'k"s krk,a gAaS

l;g i;z kxs 'kkyk cht rduhdK ,oa fo'y"s kdka s dh ubZ ih<h+ grs q Hkh ,d ifz 'k{k.k ,oa fu:i.k dUs nz Hkh g]S ftldh vko';drk {k=s h; ,oa jkT; o{k cht ijh{k.k i;z kxs 'kkykvka s dks gks ldrh gAS

l;g i;z kxs 'kkyk ifj.kke ;Dq r cht ijh{k.k ifz Ø;k ,oa O;k[;k ds ekudhdj.k grs q vfHkfu.kk;Z d ijh{k.k ¼e/;LFk ijh{k.k½ ds :i ea sHkh ykHk inz ku djrh g]S rkfd fofHkUu dUs nz cht ifz Ø;kvka s ds l/q kkj grs q vulq /a kku urs Ro ds

inz 'kuZ ,oa ikz Rs lkgu dks mUur dj lda s ,oa leeYw ; ifj.kke ikz Ir dj ldAas

Hkkjr esa o`{k chtksa dk cht izek.khdj.k

Hkkjr ea s oreZ ku ea s okfudh ea s i;z Dq r chtka s dk ,d fo'kky Hkkx ikz dfrd rFkk jkfs ir lkz rs ka s ls ikz Ir fd;k tkrk gS ijUrq ;s lkz rs cht mRiknu grs q u rks oxhdZ r ga S vkjS u gh fo'k"s k :i ls O;ofLFkr gAaS oreZ ku ea s ou o{k vkuoq kfa 'kdh ds c<r+ s Kku ds lkFk] okfudh ea s bl foKku ds vuiq ;z kxs ds ek/;e ls ikz Ir fd, tk ldus okys ykHkka s dks dk;kfZ Uor fd;k tk jgk gAaS bl dk;kUZ o;u ds lkFk] Hkkjr ea sjkis .k inS kokj grs q x.q koÙkk chtka s ds mi;kxss dks lfq uf'pr djus ds mnn~ 's ; ls okfudh chtka s ds fu:i.k] xgz .k vkjS iez k.khdj.k dk Øe LFkkfir gks ldxs kA

chtka s dk iez k.khdj.k vR;Ur egÙoi.w kZ gkrs k gAS df"k ,oa dk"Bh; ¼txa yh½ ikni cht grs q iez k.khdj.k 'kCn dk ,d fo'k"s k vFkZ gAS blea s vkuoq kfa 'kd l/q kkj Hkh lfUufgr gS ,oa bldk mnn~ 's ; mi;kxs drkZ dks fodflr ,oa oxhdZ r lokÙZs ke mit ikni fdLeka s ds mPp x.q koÙkk cht ,oa ioz /kuZ lkexhz miyC/k djkuk g]S ftlls vkuoq kfa 'kd fu/kkjZ .k ,oa 'k)q rk lfq uf'pr dh tk ldAs ikz ;% cht iez k.khdj.k] 'kkldh; ekU;rk ikz Ir lxa Bu }kjk iez kf.kr cht fo'k"s krk ,oa x.q koÙkk dh xkja Vh g]S tks iez k.khdj.k J.s kh] fdLeka s ,oa fofo/krk dh ekfS ydrk] lxa gz .k o"k]Z mnx~ e] 'k}q rk ,oa nk"s kjfgr ¼vkjkXs ;rk½ rFkk vda jq .k'khy {kerk lEcU/kh lpw uk dks lekfo"V djrk gAS

ouksa ds iqu#Riknd lkexzh ds uke ,oa izek.khdj.k dks le>us gsrq fuEufyf[kr fcanq egRoiw.kZ gSa%&

liez k.khdj.k 'kkldh; ekU;rk ikz Ir lxa Bu }kjk nh xbZ og xkjVa h g]S ftlls vfHkfu/kkfZ jr fofo/krk dh ou i:q Riknu lkexhz dks mPp x.q koRrk ,oa vkuoq kfa 'kd vfHkfu/kkjZ .k icz /a ku grs q ,d fof/k ea s mRiknu] lxa gz .k] ifz Ø;k ,oa oxhdZ r fd;k x;k gAS

liez k.khdj.k dk;ØZ e ds fy, ,d

iez k.khdj.k 'kk[kk rFkk ,d ,ls s iLz rrq drkZ ¼l;a kts d½ dk gkus k vifs {kr g]S ftls iez kf.kr lkexhz dh fcØh] itz uu dk;ØZ eka s ds vfHky[s kk]a s iez k.khdj.k ekudk]as Lor=a tkp¡ ,oa ikz ek.khdj.k i=ka sdh vko';drk gkAs

mi;DZq r y{;ka s dks ikz Ir djus ds mnn~ 's ; l]s cht lekgkj ¼miyfC/k½ ,oa o{k l/q kkj] gnS jkckn vk/kkfjr Hkkjr & Mus ekdZ ifj;kts uk us ÞHkkjr ea s ou iuq #Riknu lkexhz dk iez k.khdj.kß] 'kkh"kdZ ;kts uk dk l=w ikr fd;kA ;g ;kts uk vkfFkdZ O;oLFkk lg;kts u ,oa fodkl ¼vk-s b-Z lh-Mh-½ ekudka s ;kts ukvka s ,oa fun'Zs kuka s ds lxa Bu ij vk/kkfjr FkhA bl ;kts uk dh fu;ekoyh fu/kkfZ jr gS ftlds vulq kj foLrkj.k grs q cht ds lxa gz ] ogu ¼b/kj & m/kj forj.k½ ifz Ø;k] HkMa kj.k] ckuxh] uke ,oa enq kz da u ¼egq jcna h½ fd;s tkrs gAS vkfFkdZ O;oLFkk lg;kts u ,oa fodkl lxa Bu] }kjk i;z kxs dh tkus okyh 04 J.s khc) iez k.khdj.k g%S &

lkz rs vfHkfu/kkjZ .k & ¼ihyk ycs y½

p;fur & ¼gjk ycs y½

vijhf{kr chtk|s ku & ¼xyq kch ycs y½

iez kf.kr iuq #Riknu lkexhz & ¼uhyk ycs y½

lkekU;r % iez k.khdj.k ds fy,] ijkx.k iow Z mRiknu ek=d dh tkp¡ ] inS kokj iow Z Qly tkp¡ ] Hk.Mkj.k grs q lxa gz voLFkk ds nkjS ku tkp¡ ,oa fcØh grs q lkexhz dh ifS dxa ds le; tkp¡ vifs {kr gAS 'kkldh; ekU;rk ikz Ir lxa Bu }kjk iuq #Riknu lkexhz dh fo'k"s krk ,oa x.q koŸkk dh xkjVa h] ikz ;% jxa lda rs ycs y ¼dyj dkfs Mxa VxS ½ }kjk iez kf.kr dh tkrh gS ,oa ,d iez k.ki= iez k.khdj.k J.s kh] fdLeka s ,oa fofo/krk dh ekfS ydrk] lxa gz .k o"k]Z mnx~ e 'k)q rk ,oa vkjkXs ;rk rFkk vda jq .k 'khy {kerk tlS s fooj.k dks lekfo"V djrk gAS iez k.khdj.k dk mnn~ 's ; turk grs q lokŸZs ke mit ikni fofo/krk ds mPp x.q koŸkk chtka s ,oa ioz /kuZ lkexhz dk icz /a ku ,oa miyC/krk gAS

o{kkjkis .k dk;ØZ eka s ls lokÙZs ke miyfC/k grs q cht dk egRoi.w kZ LFkku g]S D;kfas d

cht dk i/z kku rkRi;Z leLr o{kkZ as ,oa vuds dk"B:ih itz kfr;ka s dks ,d ih<h+ ls nlw jh ih<h+ ea s LFkkukUrj.k djuk gAS ou o{k vkuoq kfa 'kdh ds Kku of) dks okfudh ea s blds vuiq ;z kxs ds ek/;e ls ikz Ir fd;s tkus okys ykHkka s dks egllw fd;k tk jgk gAS x.q kdkjh cht vl[a ; jkis .k lxa gz l/q kkj dk;ØZ eka s dk ifj.kke

foKku ifjppkZ o"kZ 2] vad 3 tuojh&ekpZ 2012

lk<s pkj vjc o"kka Zs dh r#.kh gS ekrk /kjrh

ftrus o"kZ chrrs tkrs mruh lUq nj vkjS fu[kjrh

igys vjc Hk;kud gh Fks vlguh; ls rki Hkjs

ty ea s Tokyke[q kh QVw rs ykok vkjS mcky Hkjs

NkVs s NkVs s Hkrw y curs vkS fNNys fo'kky lkxj

rÙoka s dh Øec) O;oLFkk gkrs h Hkhrj ls ckgj

Hkkjh rRo dUs nz ea s ters gyds Øe ls vkrs Åij

muls Hkh gydka s ls fuferZ okrkoj.k gvq k fljij

ty] ea s vkDW lhtu vkS dkcuZ dk gvq k dHkh e/kjq lg;kxs

vkjS iLz Qfq Vr gvq k /kjk ij thou] vnH~ krq ;g l;a kxs

vkjS cus fQj egk}hi Fks vkjS egklkxj Hkh

yfs du ugha vkt tlS s Fks lnk cnyrh jgh egh

dHkh ykgs ls Hkjs mnf/k Fks puw s ls Fks dHkh Hkjs

dHkh yo.k dh de ek=k Fkh vkjS dHkh vkfr'k; [kkjs

dHkh tyf/k ea s Hkkfa r ds dkfs Vd tho fopjrs

vkjS dHkh lkjs ej tkrs cjq s fnuka s ds pyrs

eqdqan tks'kh

gkrs s gS blfy, vPNk ,oa x.q kdkjh cht ikz Ir djus grs q ifz r:i chtk|s ku] chtkda jq chtk|s ku bR;kfn fuferZ fd, tk jgs gAaS vk/kfq ud le; ea s cht&lkz rs ifjp; vR;f/kd egRo j[krk g]S vr% cht lokRZs d"V ,oa ekU;rkikz Ir x.q kkRed chtkRs iknu {k=s ka s ls ,df=r fd;s tkus pkfg,A bl :i e]as ouka s dh mRiknu

{kerk ea s of) grs q ou jkis .kka s dk thfor jguk ,oa of) okLrfod :i ls mUur dh tk ldrh gAS

oSKkfud lhou lao/kZu izHkkx

ou vuqla/kku laLFkkunsgjknwu

ubZ ubZ tkfr;k¡ iuirha urw u gkrs k tho txr~

tk;a ijq ku]s cla s u;s ;g ifjoruZ dk Øe 'kk'or

egk}hi VVw ]a s tMq + tk;]as Hkrw y dk gks :i u;k

lkxj tgk]¡ ogk¡ iorZ gk]as iorZ tgk¡ lenq z ogk¡

[kx gS ljw t] lc xgz [kx ga S viuh iFoh Hkh [kx gS

lcds pyus dh xfr fuf'pr ifjiFk ex gS

dHkh dHkh ljw t ls iFoh tjk njw ;k fudV gbq Z

rHkh ;gk¡ ij ?kkjs 'khr _rq vFkok xjeh fodV gbq Z

lk<s + pkj vjc o"kkZ s dk fdruk vuiq e ;g bfrgkl

req rks dos y dy vk;s gks ekuo! bl ij djus okl

vk;q rEq gkjh bl /kjrh ij vHkh gbq Z dos y nl yk[k

fdra q cukbZ fu%l'a k; gS req us viuh vnH~ krq lk[k

vcrd idz fr [kys rh vkrh vius eu ls viuk [kys

req us bles a fdra q feyk;k cfq ) Kku dk lnqa j eys

lko/kku yfs du ij jguk ;kn lnk ;g j[kuk

lkFk idz fr ds fey dj jguk fpjLFkk;h gks fQj jguk

foKku dfork

iFoh dk bfrgkl

16 17

dkyh 'kadj

^U;ksokbt* fe'ku okbt fe'ku dk ,DlVsU'ku gSA okbt fe'ku us lEiw.kZ czEgakMh; vkdk'k dk losZ{k.k bUQzkjsM izdk'k LisDVªe esa 1-5 ckj fd;kA blus vUrfj{k esa 27 yk[k fiUMksa ds izfrfcEc fy, ftuesa nwjLFk vkdk'k xaxkvksa ls ysdj {kqnz xzg ,oa iqPNyrkjs 'kkfey Fks tks i`Foh ds lehi FksA vDVwcj 2010 ds izkjaHk esa ¼izeq[k foKku fe'ku iwjk dj ysus ds ckn½ okbt fe'ku ds vUrfj{k ;ku dk tek gqvk ¼Qzkstsu½ 'khryhdkjd ¼dwySUV½ lekIr gks x;k tks midj.kksa dks BaMk j[krk gSA ysfdu blds 4 bUQzkjsM dSejksa esa ls 2 dSejs dke dj jgs FksA ;s nks pSusy vc Hkh {kqnz xzgksa dk irk yxkus esa l{ke Fks blfy, uklk us ^okbt* fe'ku ds U;ksokbt ¼i`Foh lehi fiUMksa ds lalwpu ds fy,½ Hkkx dks 4 eghus ds fy, ,DlVsUM dj fn;kA bl ,DlVsU'ku dk izeq[k mís'; vkSj vf/kd {kqnz xzgksa vkSj vf/kd iqPNy rkjksa dk irk

14 fnlEcj 2009 dks uklk us ,d vUrfj{k fe'ku ^okbt* ¼foLr`r&QhYM bUQzkjsM losZ{k.k vUos"kd½ izeksfpr fd;k ftlesa ,d bUQzkjsM&rjaxksa ds lalwpu okyh 40 bap O;kl dh [kxksfydh vUrfj{k nwjchu yxh gqbZ FkhA bl fe'ku dk y{; 99 izfr'kr vkdk'k dk bUQzkjsM izfrfcEcu djuk Fkk rFkk vkdk'k dh izR;sd fLFkfr ds fy, de ls de 8 izfrfcEcksa dk ekufp=.k mPpre ifj'kq)rk ds lkFk djuk FkkA vius 10 eghus ds fe'ku ds fy, bls 525 fd0eh0 dh o`Rrh;] /kzqoh;] lw;Z ledkfyd d{kk esa LFkkfir fd;k x;kA

dk fof'k"V fe'ku ^U;ksokbt* dk lekiu

iFoh&lehi fiUMksa

ds lEidZ ek/;e

yxkuk Fkk ,oa izeq[k {kqnz xzg isVh dk ,d Øeoh{k.k iwjk djuk FkkA uklk ds U;ks ¼i`Foh lehi fiUM½ izs{k.k dk;Zdze ds izeq[k fyUMyh tkUlu ds vuqlkj ^^U;ksokbt ifj;kstuk ds vUrxZr ek= ,d o"kZ ds izs{k.kksa us gekjs i`Foh lehi fiUMksa rFkk lkSj ra= ds vU; y?kq fiUMksa ds MkVk dSVkykx esa dkQh o`f) dj nh gSA** vc tc fd U;ksokbt ifj;kstuk ds vUrxZr izeq[k {kqnz xzg csYV dk ,d dzeoh{k.k iwjk gks pqdk gS blfy, ^okbt* vUrfj{k;ku i`Foh dh /kqzoh; d{kk esa le& tyok;q& LFkkukUrj.k ¼gkbcjus'ku½ eksM esa pyk tk;sxk tgkW ls bls Hkfo"; esa iqu% mi;ksx esa yk;k tk ldsxkA

^U;ksokbt* fe'ku ls D;k D;k irk pyk gS \

u;s u;s {kqnz xzg vkSj iqPNyrkjksa dh [kkst ds vykok bl fe'ku ds }kjk izeq[k {kqnz xzg csYV esa mu fiUMksa dh

mifLFkfr dh Hkh iqf"V dh tk ldh ftudk lalwpu igys gh fd;k tk pqdk gSA ek= ,d o"kZ esa yxHkx 500]000 Kkr fiUMksa esa ls blus 153]000 pëkuh fiUMksadk izs{k.k fd;kA buesa 'kkfey gSa 33000 os fiUM ftudh [kkst ^U;ksokbt* ifj;kstuk ds rgr dh x;hA ^U;ksokbt* fe'ku us mu Kkr fiUMksa dk Hkh izs{k.k fd;k tks izeq[k {kqnz xzg csYV dh rqyuk esa i`Foh ls lehi vkSj nwj gSa ¼ftuesa yxHkx 2000 {kqnz xzg ,sls gSa tks c`gLifr xzg ds lkFk d{kh; Hkze.k djrs gSa ,oa vU; 100 i`Foh lehi fiUM vkSj 100 ls vf/kd iqPNyrkjs gSa½A ;s izs{k.k bl n`f"V ls mi;ksxh gkasxs fd buds }kjk bu fiUMksa ds vkdkj vkSj lajpuk dk irk yxkuk vklku gksxkA n`f"Vxkspj izdk'k vkadM+ksa ls gh ;g ckr Li"V gks tkrh gS fd ,d {kqnz xzg izdk'k dk fdruk ifjorZu djrk gS tc fd bUQzkjsM MkVk dkQh vf/kd :i esa

foKku ifjppkZ o"kZ 2] vad 3 tuojh&ekpZ 2012

^okbt fe'ku* dks varfj{k esa Hkstus dh rS;kjh dh tk jgh gSA

ds vuqlkj ^^vki i`Foh ,oa {kqnz xzgksa dks jsl ds ?kksM+ksa dh rjg eku ldrs gSa tks ,d VSªd esa ?kwe jgs gSaA ge ,d lkFk lw;Z dk pDdj yxk jgs gSa ysfdu izeq[k isVh ds {kqnz xzg mu ?kksM+ksa ds leku gS tks VªSd ds cká Hkkx esa nkSM+ jgs gSaA os ge yksxksa dh rqyuk esa vf/kd ifjdze.k le; ysrs gSa bl fy, ge mUgs xksn esa mBk ysrs gSaA**

{kqnz xzgksa vkSj iqPNyrkjksa ls lEcfU/kr ^U;ksokbt* MkVk dk laxzg.k ¼dSVkykfxax½ uklk ds }kjk lefFkZr vUrjkZ"Vªh; [kxksfydh la?k ds y?kq xzg dsUnz ds }kjk fd;k tkrk gSA ;g dsUnz lkSj ra= ds fiUMksa dh lwpuk fDy;fjax gkml ¼dSfEczt fLFkr okarfj{k izs{k.k'kkyk esa½ dh Hkkafr dk;Z djrk gSA

^U;ksokbt* izkstsDV dk MkVk fdl izdkj mi;ksxh gksxk\

^U;ksokbt* MkVk lehiLFk ef)e ¼fMe½ LVkjksa dk irk djus esa enn djsxk ftUgs ^czkmu M~okQZ* dgrs gSaA bu izs{k.kksa esa bruh {kerk gS fd ;s gekjs lcls lehiLFk LVkj ^izksfDlek lsUVkSjh* ls Hkh lehi LVkj ds fo"k; esa tkudkjh iznku dj ldrs gSa ¼;fn ;g vfLrRo esa gS½A blh izdkj ;fn gekjs lkSj ra= dh cká lhekvksa esa fNik gqvk dksbZ fo'kky xSl okyk xzg gS rks ^okbt* ,oa ^U;ksokbt* ds }kjk bldk lalwpu lEHko gSA

foLr`r&QhYM bUQzkjsM losZ{k.k vUos"kd ¼okbt½ vUrfj{k;ku

^okbt* vUrfj{k ;ku esa ,d bUQzkjsM rjax nS/;Z ij dke djus okyh [kxksfydh vUrfj{k nwjchu yxh gqbZ gS rFkk bldk izekspu 14 flrEcj 2009 dks MsYVk II jkdsV ds }kjk oSUMsu cxZ ok;q lsuk csl ls fd;k x;kA ^okbt* vUrfj{k ;ku us ewy :i ls ,d vU; fe'ku ok;j ¼okbM QhYM bUQzkjsM ,DlIyksjj½ dks fjIysl fd;k gSA ^ok;j* fe'ku ekpZ 1999 esa izeksfpr fd;k x;k Fkk rFkk vUrfj{k d{kk esa igq¡pus ds dqN ?kUVksa ds vUnj ;g vlQy gks x;kA ^okbt* fe'ku iwoZ ds izeksfpr bUQzkjsM losZ{k.k fe'kuksa ^vkbZ vkj ,l*] vdkjh] ^dkscs dk fMchZ* dh rqyuk esa 1000 xquk vf/kd lqxzkgh gSA okbt ds izeq[k tk¡pdrkZ us crk;k fd okbt dh bUQzkjsM nwjchu us izekspu ds ckn izR;sd fnu vusdksa vKkr {kqnz xzgksa dk irk yxk;kA

bl fe'ku ds }kjk dqy feykdj 33500 u;s {kqnz xzgksa vkSj iqPNyrkjksa dh [kkst dh xbZ rFkk vDVwcj 2010 rd lkSj ra= ds 154]000 fiUMksa dk izs{k.k ^okbt* fe'ku ds }kjk fd;k tk pqdk FkkA okbt vUrfj{k ;ku ds dqN izeq[k vkadM+s lkj.kh&1 esa fn;s x;s gSaA

fiUM ds vkdkj ls lECkU/k j[krk gSA n`f"Vxkspj vkSj bUQzkjsM ekiuksa ds la;qDrhdj.k ls [kxksy'kkL=h pV~Vkuh fiUMksa dh lajpuk dk irk dj ldrs gSa rFkk bl lalwpu esa bl pht dk dksbZ eryc ugha gksrk gS fd pV~Vkuh fiUM Bksl gS vFkok ;g VqdM+ksa esa foHkDr gks ldrk gSA

U;ksokbt ifj;kstuk ds ifj.kke {kqnz xzg tula[;k dk ,d mPp dksfV dk n`'; izLrqr djsaxsA ^U;ksokbt* fe'ku ds vUrxZr lEiw.kZ {kqnz xzg isVh ds losZ{k.k esa dkQh vf/kd le; yxk;k x;k ¼okbt fe'ku dh rqyuk esa ftlus lEiw.kZ vkdk'k ds losZ{k.k esa de le; fy;k D;ksafd vf/kdka'k {kqnz xzg lw;Z ds bnZ fxnZ mlh fn'kk esa ?kwers gSa ftl fn'kk esa ^okbt* vUrfj{k ;ku i`Foh dk pDdj yxkus esa ?kwerk gS½A vUrfj{k;ku dh n`f"Vxkspjrk QhYM ds }kjk {kqnz xzgksa ds vkoxeu dk voyksdu bl izdkj ls izcaf/kr fd;k tkrk gS fd vki lHkh {kqnz xzgksa dks ns[k ldsaA uklk dh tsV izkiYlu iz;ksx'kkyk ¼ilkMsuk½ esa ^U;ksokbt* fe'ku ds izeq[k tk¡p drkZ ,eh esatj

lkj.kh&1

izekspu frfFk % 14 fnlEcj 2009] lokZf/kd le; 14%09%33 cts

izekspu ;ku % MsYVk II 7320&10 jkdsV

izekspu LFky % oSUMsuoxZ ok;q lsuk csl] yksEiksd] dSyhQksfuZ;k

fe'ku vof/k % 10 eghusa ¼1 o"kZ] 1 eghus] 19 fnu lekIr½

okbt vUrfj{k ;ku dk Hkkj % 750 fd0xzk0

d{kk izdkj % /kqzoh;] lw;Z ledkfyd

d{kh; m¡pkbZ vkSj >qdko % 525 fd0eh0] 97-5 fMxzh

d{kh; dky % 95 feUkV] ,d fnu esa 15 ifjØek,¡

fLFkfr % i`Foh dh fuEu d{kk

bUÝkjsM nwjchu dk fooj.k % 1- O;kl % 40 ls-eh-

2- rjax nS/;Z ftl ij ;g dk;Z djrh gS 3-4] 4-6] 12] 22 ekbØksehVj

16 17

dkyh 'kadj

^U;ksokbt* fe'ku okbt fe'ku dk ,DlVsU'ku gSA okbt fe'ku us lEiw.kZ czEgakMh; vkdk'k dk losZ{k.k bUQzkjsM izdk'k LisDVªe esa 1-5 ckj fd;kA blus vUrfj{k esa 27 yk[k fiUMksa ds izfrfcEc fy, ftuesa nwjLFk vkdk'k xaxkvksa ls ysdj {kqnz xzg ,oa iqPNyrkjs 'kkfey Fks tks i`Foh ds lehi FksA vDVwcj 2010 ds izkjaHk esa ¼izeq[k foKku fe'ku iwjk dj ysus ds ckn½ okbt fe'ku ds vUrfj{k ;ku dk tek gqvk ¼Qzkstsu½ 'khryhdkjd ¼dwySUV½ lekIr gks x;k tks midj.kksa dks BaMk j[krk gSA ysfdu blds 4 bUQzkjsM dSejksa esa ls 2 dSejs dke dj jgs FksA ;s nks pSusy vc Hkh {kqnz xzgksa dk irk yxkus esa l{ke Fks blfy, uklk us ^okbt* fe'ku ds U;ksokbt ¼i`Foh lehi fiUMksa ds lalwpu ds fy,½ Hkkx dks 4 eghus ds fy, ,DlVsUM dj fn;kA bl ,DlVsU'ku dk izeq[k mís'; vkSj vf/kd {kqnz xzgksa vkSj vf/kd iqPNy rkjksa dk irk

14 fnlEcj 2009 dks uklk us ,d vUrfj{k fe'ku ^okbt* ¼foLr`r&QhYM bUQzkjsM losZ{k.k vUos"kd½ izeksfpr fd;k ftlesa ,d bUQzkjsM&rjaxksa ds lalwpu okyh 40 bap O;kl dh [kxksfydh vUrfj{k nwjchu yxh gqbZ FkhA bl fe'ku dk y{; 99 izfr'kr vkdk'k dk bUQzkjsM izfrfcEcu djuk Fkk rFkk vkdk'k dh izR;sd fLFkfr ds fy, de ls de 8 izfrfcEcksa dk ekufp=.k mPpre ifj'kq)rk ds lkFk djuk FkkA vius 10 eghus ds fe'ku ds fy, bls 525 fd0eh0 dh o`Rrh;] /kzqoh;] lw;Z ledkfyd d{kk esa LFkkfir fd;k x;kA

dk fof'k"V fe'ku ^U;ksokbt* dk lekiu

iFoh&lehi fiUMksa

ds lEidZ ek/;e

yxkuk Fkk ,oa izeq[k {kqnz xzg isVh dk ,d Øeoh{k.k iwjk djuk FkkA uklk ds U;ks ¼i`Foh lehi fiUM½ izs{k.k dk;Zdze ds izeq[k fyUMyh tkUlu ds vuqlkj ^^U;ksokbt ifj;kstuk ds vUrxZr ek= ,d o"kZ ds izs{k.kksa us gekjs i`Foh lehi fiUMksa rFkk lkSj ra= ds vU; y?kq fiUMksa ds MkVk dSVkykx esa dkQh o`f) dj nh gSA** vc tc fd U;ksokbt ifj;kstuk ds vUrxZr izeq[k {kqnz xzg csYV dk ,d dzeoh{k.k iwjk gks pqdk gS blfy, ^okbt* vUrfj{k;ku i`Foh dh /kqzoh; d{kk esa le& tyok;q& LFkkukUrj.k ¼gkbcjus'ku½ eksM esa pyk tk;sxk tgkW ls bls Hkfo"; esa iqu% mi;ksx esa yk;k tk ldsxkA

^U;ksokbt* fe'ku ls D;k D;k irk pyk gS \

u;s u;s {kqnz xzg vkSj iqPNyrkjksa dh [kkst ds vykok bl fe'ku ds }kjk izeq[k {kqnz xzg csYV esa mu fiUMksa dh

mifLFkfr dh Hkh iqf"V dh tk ldh ftudk lalwpu igys gh fd;k tk pqdk gSA ek= ,d o"kZ esa yxHkx 500]000 Kkr fiUMksa esa ls blus 153]000 pëkuh fiUMksadk izs{k.k fd;kA buesa 'kkfey gSa 33000 os fiUM ftudh [kkst ^U;ksokbt* ifj;kstuk ds rgr dh x;hA ^U;ksokbt* fe'ku us mu Kkr fiUMksa dk Hkh izs{k.k fd;k tks izeq[k {kqnz xzg csYV dh rqyuk esa i`Foh ls lehi vkSj nwj gSa ¼ftuesa yxHkx 2000 {kqnz xzg ,sls gSa tks c`gLifr xzg ds lkFk d{kh; Hkze.k djrs gSa ,oa vU; 100 i`Foh lehi fiUM vkSj 100 ls vf/kd iqPNyrkjs gSa½A ;s izs{k.k bl n`f"V ls mi;ksxh gkasxs fd buds }kjk bu fiUMksa ds vkdkj vkSj lajpuk dk irk yxkuk vklku gksxkA n`f"Vxkspj izdk'k vkadM+ksa ls gh ;g ckr Li"V gks tkrh gS fd ,d {kqnz xzg izdk'k dk fdruk ifjorZu djrk gS tc fd bUQzkjsM MkVk dkQh vf/kd :i esa

foKku ifjppkZ o"kZ 2] vad 3 tuojh&ekpZ 2012

^okbt fe'ku* dks varfj{k esa Hkstus dh rS;kjh dh tk jgh gSA

ds vuqlkj ^^vki i`Foh ,oa {kqnz xzgksa dks jsl ds ?kksM+ksa dh rjg eku ldrs gSa tks ,d VSªd esa ?kwe jgs gSaA ge ,d lkFk lw;Z dk pDdj yxk jgs gSa ysfdu izeq[k isVh ds {kqnz xzg mu ?kksM+ksa ds leku gS tks VªSd ds cká Hkkx esa nkSM+ jgs gSaA os ge yksxksa dh rqyuk esa vf/kd ifjdze.k le; ysrs gSa bl fy, ge mUgs xksn esa mBk ysrs gSaA**

{kqnz xzgksa vkSj iqPNyrkjksa ls lEcfU/kr ^U;ksokbt* MkVk dk laxzg.k ¼dSVkykfxax½ uklk ds }kjk lefFkZr vUrjkZ"Vªh; [kxksfydh la?k ds y?kq xzg dsUnz ds }kjk fd;k tkrk gSA ;g dsUnz lkSj ra= ds fiUMksa dh lwpuk fDy;fjax gkml ¼dSfEczt fLFkr okarfj{k izs{k.k'kkyk esa½ dh Hkkafr dk;Z djrk gSA

^U;ksokbt* izkstsDV dk MkVk fdl izdkj mi;ksxh gksxk\

^U;ksokbt* MkVk lehiLFk ef)e ¼fMe½ LVkjksa dk irk djus esa enn djsxk ftUgs ^czkmu M~okQZ* dgrs gSaA bu izs{k.kksa esa bruh {kerk gS fd ;s gekjs lcls lehiLFk LVkj ^izksfDlek lsUVkSjh* ls Hkh lehi LVkj ds fo"k; esa tkudkjh iznku dj ldrs gSa ¼;fn ;g vfLrRo esa gS½A blh izdkj ;fn gekjs lkSj ra= dh cká lhekvksa esa fNik gqvk dksbZ fo'kky xSl okyk xzg gS rks ^okbt* ,oa ^U;ksokbt* ds }kjk bldk lalwpu lEHko gSA

foLr`r&QhYM bUQzkjsM losZ{k.k vUos"kd ¼okbt½ vUrfj{k;ku

^okbt* vUrfj{k ;ku esa ,d bUQzkjsM rjax nS/;Z ij dke djus okyh [kxksfydh vUrfj{k nwjchu yxh gqbZ gS rFkk bldk izekspu 14 flrEcj 2009 dks MsYVk II jkdsV ds }kjk oSUMsu cxZ ok;q lsuk csl ls fd;k x;kA ^okbt* vUrfj{k ;ku us ewy :i ls ,d vU; fe'ku ok;j ¼okbM QhYM bUQzkjsM ,DlIyksjj½ dks fjIysl fd;k gSA ^ok;j* fe'ku ekpZ 1999 esa izeksfpr fd;k x;k Fkk rFkk vUrfj{k d{kk esa igq¡pus ds dqN ?kUVksa ds vUnj ;g vlQy gks x;kA ^okbt* fe'ku iwoZ ds izeksfpr bUQzkjsM losZ{k.k fe'kuksa ^vkbZ vkj ,l*] vdkjh] ^dkscs dk fMchZ* dh rqyuk esa 1000 xquk vf/kd lqxzkgh gSA okbt ds izeq[k tk¡pdrkZ us crk;k fd okbt dh bUQzkjsM nwjchu us izekspu ds ckn izR;sd fnu vusdksa vKkr {kqnz xzgksa dk irk yxk;kA

bl fe'ku ds }kjk dqy feykdj 33500 u;s {kqnz xzgksa vkSj iqPNyrkjksa dh [kkst dh xbZ rFkk vDVwcj 2010 rd lkSj ra= ds 154]000 fiUMksa dk izs{k.k ^okbt* fe'ku ds }kjk fd;k tk pqdk FkkA okbt vUrfj{k ;ku ds dqN izeq[k vkadM+s lkj.kh&1 esa fn;s x;s gSaA

fiUM ds vkdkj ls lECkU/k j[krk gSA n`f"Vxkspj vkSj bUQzkjsM ekiuksa ds la;qDrhdj.k ls [kxksy'kkL=h pV~Vkuh fiUMksa dh lajpuk dk irk dj ldrs gSa rFkk bl lalwpu esa bl pht dk dksbZ eryc ugha gksrk gS fd pV~Vkuh fiUM Bksl gS vFkok ;g VqdM+ksa esa foHkDr gks ldrk gSA

U;ksokbt ifj;kstuk ds ifj.kke {kqnz xzg tula[;k dk ,d mPp dksfV dk n`'; izLrqr djsaxsA ^U;ksokbt* fe'ku ds vUrxZr lEiw.kZ {kqnz xzg isVh ds losZ{k.k esa dkQh vf/kd le; yxk;k x;k ¼okbt fe'ku dh rqyuk esa ftlus lEiw.kZ vkdk'k ds losZ{k.k esa de le; fy;k D;ksafd vf/kdka'k {kqnz xzg lw;Z ds bnZ fxnZ mlh fn'kk esa ?kwers gSa ftl fn'kk esa ^okbt* vUrfj{k ;ku i`Foh dk pDdj yxkus esa ?kwerk gS½A vUrfj{k;ku dh n`f"Vxkspjrk QhYM ds }kjk {kqnz xzgksa ds vkoxeu dk voyksdu bl izdkj ls izcaf/kr fd;k tkrk gS fd vki lHkh {kqnz xzgksa dks ns[k ldsaA uklk dh tsV izkiYlu iz;ksx'kkyk ¼ilkMsuk½ esa ^U;ksokbt* fe'ku ds izeq[k tk¡p drkZ ,eh esatj

lkj.kh&1

izekspu frfFk % 14 fnlEcj 2009] lokZf/kd le; 14%09%33 cts

izekspu ;ku % MsYVk II 7320&10 jkdsV

izekspu LFky % oSUMsuoxZ ok;q lsuk csl] yksEiksd] dSyhQksfuZ;k

fe'ku vof/k % 10 eghusa ¼1 o"kZ] 1 eghus] 19 fnu lekIr½

okbt vUrfj{k ;ku dk Hkkj % 750 fd0xzk0

d{kk izdkj % /kqzoh;] lw;Z ledkfyd

d{kh; m¡pkbZ vkSj >qdko % 525 fd0eh0] 97-5 fMxzh

d{kh; dky % 95 feUkV] ,d fnu esa 15 ifjØek,¡

fLFkfr % i`Foh dh fuEu d{kk

bUÝkjsM nwjchu dk fooj.k % 1- O;kl % 40 ls-eh-

2- rjax nS/;Z ftl ij ;g dk;Z djrh gS 3-4] 4-6] 12] 22 ekbØksehVj

1- tuojh 1999 ik¡p fe'kuksa esa ^,u th ,l ,l* dk p;u pj.k , ds v/;;u ds fy, fd;k x;k rFkk 1999 esa 5 esa ls p;fur fe'ku 2 gks x;sA ,d dk izekspu 2003 rFkk nwljs dk izekspu 2004 ds fy, fu/kkZfjrfd;k x;kA ml le; fe'ku dh vuqekfur dher 13 djksM 90 yk[k Mkyj FkhA

2- ekpZ 1999 ok;j bUQzkjsM nwjchu varfj{k ;ku d{kk esa igq¡pus ds dqN ?kUVksa ckn Qsy gks x;kA

3- vDVwcj 1999 feMsDl v/;;u dks vf/kd mi;ksxh ?kksf"kr fd;k x;k vkSj ^,u th ,l ,l* dk p;u ugha gks ldkA

4- vDVwcj 2001 ^,u th ,l ,l* izLrko dk iqu% vkosnu fd;k x;k ¼lcfeV fd;k x;k& feMsDl fe'ku ds :i esa½A

5- vizSy 2002 ^,u th ,l ,l* izLrko uklk ds ,DlIyksjj dk;kZy; }kjk Lohdk;Z rFkk iw.kZ pj.k ^,* v/;;u ds fy, 4 feMsDl dk;ZØeksa esa ,d dks izkjEHk djus dh eatwjhA

6- fnlEcj 2002 ^,u th ,l ,l^ dk uke cnydj okbM QhYM bUQzkjsM losZ ,DlIyksjj ¼okbt+½ dj fn;k x;kA

7- ekpZ 2003 uklk ds }kjk izsl fjyht esa okbt+ dk p;u foLr`r pj.k , v/;;u ds fy, gks x;kA

8- vizSy 2004 okbt dk p;u uklk ds vxys feMsDl fe'ku ds fy, gks x;kA okbt fe'ku dh dher ml le; 20 djksM 80 yk[k Mkyj vkadh xbZA

9- uoEcj 2004 okbt ds fuekZ.k ds fy, uklk us Lisl MkbukfeDl yScksjsVjh dks pqukA

10- vDVwcj 2006 uklk ds }kjk okbt ds fodkl dh iqf"V rFkk uklk us bls fodflr djus dh vuqefr ns nhA

11- 14 fnlEcj 2009 okbt+ fe'ku dk lQyrk iwoZd izekspuA

12- 06 tuojh 2010 okbt+ fe'ku ls izkIr izFke izfrfcEc fjyht fd;k x;kA

13- 14 tuojh 2010 okbt+ fe'ku us ukS eghus dh vof/k okyk 4 fofHkUu rjax nS/;ksZ esa fu;fer losZ{k.k dk;Z izkjaHk dj fn;kA

14- 25 tuojh 2010 okbt us ,d i`Foh lehi {kqnz xzg ^2010 , ch 78* dk lalwpu fd;kA

15- vDVwcj 2010 okbt varfj{k ;ku dk 'khryhdkjd ¼dwySUV½ [kre gks x;kA uklk ds xzgh; ¼IySusVjh½ foHkkx ds }kjk lefFkZr fe'ku ^U;ksokbt+* dk izkjEHkA

18 19

^okbt* fe'ku ds lkSj ra= ds ckgj ds y{;

rkjdh; ulZjh ¼LVsyj ulZjht½] tks vUrjkrkjdh; /kwy ls <dh jgrh gSa] dk lalwpu bUQzkjsM LisDVªe esa vklkuh ls lEHko gS rFkk bldk dkj.k ;g gS fd bl rjax nS/;Z ij fo|qr pqEcdh; fofdj.k /kwy ¼MLV½ dk Hksnu dj ldrk gSA bl izdkj ;qok czEgkUM dh vkdk'k xaxk,¡ vkSj vU;ksU; fdz;k ;qDr vkdk'k xaxk,¡] tgkW ij LVkj fuekZ.k izfØ;k dkQh rhoz xfr ls gksrh gS] bUQzkjsM LisDVªe esa pedhyh gksrh gSaA bl rjax nS/;Z ij vUrjkrkjdh; xSlksa ds cknyksa dk rFkk lkFk gh lkFk izksVksxzgh; fMLdksa dk Hkh lalwpu lEHko gSA

lkSj ra= ds vUnj ds y{;

^okbt* fe'ku ds }kjk dwfi;j csYV ds fIkUMksa dk lalwpu lEHko ugha Fkk D;ksa fd bu fiUMksa dk rkieku dkQh de gksrk gSA bl fe'ku ds }kjk mu lHkh fiUMksa dk lalwpu lEHko Fkk tks 70&100 dsfYou rkidze ls vf/kd xeZ FksA usIpwu xzg ds vkdkj ds fiUMksa dk lalwpu 700 [kxksfydh bdkbZ dh nwjh ls] o`gLifr xzg tSls Hkkj okys fiUMksa dk lalwpu ,d izdk'k o"kZ ¼63]00 [kxksfydh bdkbZ½ dh nwjh ls lEHko Fkk tks lw;Z ds xq:Ro fu;a=.k tksu esa vkrs gSaA fu;kstu ds le; bldk vuqeku fd;k x;k Fkk fd ^okbt* fe;ku yxHkx 300]000 izeq[k csYV {kqnz xzgksa dk lalwpu djsxk ftuesa ls yxHkx 100]000 u;s fiUM gksxsa vkSj yxHkx 700 i`Foh lehi fiUM gksaxs ¼ftuesa 300 v&vUosf"kr gksaxs½A bl ls ;g eryc fudyrk gS fd lalwpu dh xfr gksxh& yxHkx 1000 u, izeq[k

varfj{k esa izLrfjr fLFkfr esa okbt varfj{k ;kuA

oSUMsucxZ ok;qlsuk csl ls 14 fnlEcj 2009 dks ^okbt* varfj{k ;ku ds izekspu dk

bUÝkjsM rjax nS/;Z ij fy;k x;k fp=A

isVh {kqnz xzg izfr fnu] vkSj 1&3 i`Foh lehi fiUM ¼U;ks½ izfr fnuA i`Foh lehi fiUMksa dk 'kh"kZ vk;keh forj.k ¼ihd eSxuhV~;wM fMLVªhC;w"ku½ 21&22 oh gksxkA okbt fe'ku dks izR;sd fof'k"V lkSj ra= fiUM dk lalwpu 36 ?kUVs dh vof/k esa ¼3 ?kUVs ds varjky ds lkFk½ 10 ls 12 ckj djuk FkkA

^okbt* nwjchu dk fuekZ.k la;qDr :i ls cky ,jksLisl ,.M VsDuksykstht ¼vUrfj{k ;ku] izpkyu liksVZ½] ,l ,l th izsflt+u vkIVªksfuDl] budkiksZjs'ku ¼VsyhLdksi] izdkf'kdh] dzeoh{k.k niZ.k½] Mh vkj ,l ,.M jkWdosy ¼Qksdy IysUl½] ykdghM ekfVZu ¼Djk;kslSV] nwjchu dk 'khryhdj.k½] ,oa Lisl MkbukfeDl iz;ksx'kkyk ¼midj.k] bysDVªkfudh ,oa VsfLVax½ ds }kjk fd;k x;kA lEiw.kZ dk;Z dze dk izcU/ku ilkMsuk fLFkr tsV izkiYlu iz;ksx'kkyk ds }kjk fd;k tkrk gSA

okbt+ varfj{k ;ku

okbt+ varfj{k ;ku dk fuekZ.k ckWy ,jks Lisl ,.M VsDuksykstht ¼dksyksjSMks esa cksYMj LFkku ij fLFkr½ ds }kjk fd;k x;kA varfj{k ;ku dh :i j[kk ckWy ,jks Lisl vkj ,l& 300 varfj{k ;ku vkdhZVsDpj ls yh xbZ gS ¼fo'ks"kdj usDLVlSV varfj{k ;ku ls] ftldk fuekZ.k lQy vkjfcVy ,Dlizsl fe'ku ds fy, fd;k x;k rFkk ftldk izekspu 9 ekpZ 2009 dks fd;k x;k Fkk½A mM+ku ra= dk vuqekfur Hkkj 560 fdxzk0 gSA okbt+ varfj{k ;ku 3& v{kh; Hkkj lUrqfyr gS ¼ftlds lkSj ,js blds 'kjhj esa tqMs+ gS½A blesa

^okbt* fe'ku ls i`Foh esa izkIr izFke izfrfoEcA

vkSj 13 ekbdzksehVj rjax nS/;Z ij fd;k x;k Fkk rFkk ;g 1990 esa dkscs ¼dkfLed cSdxzkmUM ,DlIyksjj½ mixzg ds }kjk 3-3 vkSj 4-7 ekbdzksehVj rjax nS/;Z ij fd;s x;s losZ{k.k dh rqyuk esa 500000 xquh csgrj lqxzkgdrk n'kkZrk gSA blds foijhr ^vkbZ vkj , ,l* 60 vkSj 100 ekbdzksu rjax nS/;ksZ ij Hkh izs{k.k dj ldrk Fkk tks okbt+ fe'ku ds }kjk lEHko ugha FkkA

izkstsDV ds ekby LVksu

okbt+ fe'ku ds usr`Ro djus okys oSKkfud gSa ykWl ,Uthyhl fLFkr dSyh QksfuZ;k fo'ofo|ky; ds Mk0 ,MokMZ my jkbVA jkbV ds iz;klksa ds vUrxZr okbt+ fe'ku dk ,d yEck bfrgkl gS rFkk igyh ckj 1999 esa bldh QfUMx

dw& cSUM ¼11000 ls 14000 esxkgRlZ vko`fRr dks dw&cSUM dgrs gS½ mPp yfC/k ¼xsu½ ,UVsuk dk iz;ksx fd;k x;k gS rFkk ;g uklk dssssssssss ^Vh Mh vkj ,l ,l* HkwfLFkj mixzg ra= ds ek/;e ls i`Foh ds dsUnz ls lEidZ LFkkfir djrk gSA ckWy dEiuh us varfj{k ;ku dh VsfLaVx vkSj mM+ku ra= bUVhxzs'ku dk dk;Z fd;kA

okbt+ fe'ku

okbt+ fe'ku us bUQzkjsM cSUM dh pkj rjax nS/;ksZa ij vR;f/kd mPp lqxzkgdrk ds lkFk vkdk'k dk losZ{k.k fd;kA blds lalwpd ,js dh 5&flXek lqxzkgdrk lhek,¡ gS rFkk ;s gSa 120]160]650 vkSj 2600 ekbdzkstSULdht ¼3-3] 4-7] 12 vkSj 23 ekbdzksehVj rjax nS/;Z ij½A ;g 100 xquh csgrj lqxzkgdrk gS tks 1983 ds losZ{k.k esa ^vkbZ vkj , ,l mixzg* ds }kjk 12

foKku ifjppkZ o"kZ 2] vad 3 tuojh&ekpZ 2012

^ok;j* ¼okbt QhYM bUÝkjsM ,DlIyksjj½ fe'ku tks varfj{k

d{kk esa igq¡pus ds dqN ?kUVs ckn Qsy gks x;kA

^okbt* varfj{k ;ku ^Vh Mh vkj ,l ,l* mixzg ra= ds ek/;e ls i`Foh ds dsUnz ls lEidZ LFkkfir djrk gSA fp= esa bl mixzg ra= dk ,d

mixzg fn[kk;k x;k gSA

uklk ds }kjk uklk ds e/;e Js.kh vUos’k.k fe'ku ^^vxyh ih<+h vkdk'kh

losZ{k.k** ¼,u th ,l ,l&usDLV tujs'ku LdkbZ losZ½ ds uke ls dh

xbZA dk;ZØe bfrgkl 1999 ls vkt dh frfFk rd Øekuqlkj fuEu gS %&

¼ls-fu-½ oSKkfud] Hkkjrh; varfj{k vuqal/kku laLFkku ¼bljks½

1- tuojh 1999 ik¡p fe'kuksa esa ^,u th ,l ,l* dk p;u pj.k , ds v/;;u ds fy, fd;k x;k rFkk 1999 esa 5 esa ls p;fur fe'ku 2 gks x;sA ,d dk izekspu 2003 rFkk nwljs dk izekspu 2004 ds fy, fu/kkZfjrfd;k x;kA ml le; fe'ku dh vuqekfur dher 13 djksM 90 yk[k Mkyj FkhA

2- ekpZ 1999 ok;j bUQzkjsM nwjchu varfj{k ;ku d{kk esa igq¡pus ds dqN ?kUVksa ckn Qsy gks x;kA

3- vDVwcj 1999 feMsDl v/;;u dks vf/kd mi;ksxh ?kksf"kr fd;k x;k vkSj ^,u th ,l ,l* dk p;u ugha gks ldkA

4- vDVwcj 2001 ^,u th ,l ,l* izLrko dk iqu% vkosnu fd;k x;k ¼lcfeV fd;k x;k& feMsDl fe'ku ds :i esa½A

5- vizSy 2002 ^,u th ,l ,l* izLrko uklk ds ,DlIyksjj dk;kZy; }kjk Lohdk;Z rFkk iw.kZ pj.k ^,* v/;;u ds fy, 4 feMsDl dk;ZØeksa esa ,d dks izkjEHk djus dh eatwjhA

6- fnlEcj 2002 ^,u th ,l ,l^ dk uke cnydj okbM QhYM bUQzkjsM losZ ,DlIyksjj ¼okbt+½ dj fn;k x;kA

7- ekpZ 2003 uklk ds }kjk izsl fjyht esa okbt+ dk p;u foLr`r pj.k , v/;;u ds fy, gks x;kA

8- vizSy 2004 okbt dk p;u uklk ds vxys feMsDl fe'ku ds fy, gks x;kA okbt fe'ku dh dher ml le; 20 djksM 80 yk[k Mkyj vkadh xbZA

9- uoEcj 2004 okbt ds fuekZ.k ds fy, uklk us Lisl MkbukfeDl yScksjsVjh dks pqukA

10- vDVwcj 2006 uklk ds }kjk okbt ds fodkl dh iqf"V rFkk uklk us bls fodflr djus dh vuqefr ns nhA

11- 14 fnlEcj 2009 okbt+ fe'ku dk lQyrk iwoZd izekspuA

12- 06 tuojh 2010 okbt+ fe'ku ls izkIr izFke izfrfcEc fjyht fd;k x;kA

13- 14 tuojh 2010 okbt+ fe'ku us ukS eghus dh vof/k okyk 4 fofHkUu rjax nS/;ksZ esa fu;fer losZ{k.k dk;Z izkjaHk dj fn;kA

14- 25 tuojh 2010 okbt us ,d i`Foh lehi {kqnz xzg ^2010 , ch 78* dk lalwpu fd;kA

15- vDVwcj 2010 okbt varfj{k ;ku dk 'khryhdkjd ¼dwySUV½ [kre gks x;kA uklk ds xzgh; ¼IySusVjh½ foHkkx ds }kjk lefFkZr fe'ku ^U;ksokbt+* dk izkjEHkA

18 19

^okbt* fe'ku ds lkSj ra= ds ckgj ds y{;

rkjdh; ulZjh ¼LVsyj ulZjht½] tks vUrjkrkjdh; /kwy ls <dh jgrh gSa] dk lalwpu bUQzkjsM LisDVªe esa vklkuh ls lEHko gS rFkk bldk dkj.k ;g gS fd bl rjax nS/;Z ij fo|qr pqEcdh; fofdj.k /kwy ¼MLV½ dk Hksnu dj ldrk gSA bl izdkj ;qok czEgkUM dh vkdk'k xaxk,¡ vkSj vU;ksU; fdz;k ;qDr vkdk'k xaxk,¡] tgkW ij LVkj fuekZ.k izfØ;k dkQh rhoz xfr ls gksrh gS] bUQzkjsM LisDVªe esa pedhyh gksrh gSaA bl rjax nS/;Z ij vUrjkrkjdh; xSlksa ds cknyksa dk rFkk lkFk gh lkFk izksVksxzgh; fMLdksa dk Hkh lalwpu lEHko gSA

lkSj ra= ds vUnj ds y{;

^okbt* fe'ku ds }kjk dwfi;j csYV ds fIkUMksa dk lalwpu lEHko ugha Fkk D;ksa fd bu fiUMksa dk rkieku dkQh de gksrk gSA bl fe'ku ds }kjk mu lHkh fiUMksa dk lalwpu lEHko Fkk tks 70&100 dsfYou rkidze ls vf/kd xeZ FksA usIpwu xzg ds vkdkj ds fiUMksa dk lalwpu 700 [kxksfydh bdkbZ dh nwjh ls] o`gLifr xzg tSls Hkkj okys fiUMksa dk lalwpu ,d izdk'k o"kZ ¼63]00 [kxksfydh bdkbZ½ dh nwjh ls lEHko Fkk tks lw;Z ds xq:Ro fu;a=.k tksu esa vkrs gSaA fu;kstu ds le; bldk vuqeku fd;k x;k Fkk fd ^okbt* fe;ku yxHkx 300]000 izeq[k csYV {kqnz xzgksa dk lalwpu djsxk ftuesa ls yxHkx 100]000 u;s fiUM gksxsa vkSj yxHkx 700 i`Foh lehi fiUM gksaxs ¼ftuesa 300 v&vUosf"kr gksaxs½A bl ls ;g eryc fudyrk gS fd lalwpu dh xfr gksxh& yxHkx 1000 u, izeq[k

varfj{k esa izLrfjr fLFkfr esa okbt varfj{k ;kuA

oSUMsucxZ ok;qlsuk csl ls 14 fnlEcj 2009 dks ^okbt* varfj{k ;ku ds izekspu dk

bUÝkjsM rjax nS/;Z ij fy;k x;k fp=A

isVh {kqnz xzg izfr fnu] vkSj 1&3 i`Foh lehi fiUM ¼U;ks½ izfr fnuA i`Foh lehi fiUMksa dk 'kh"kZ vk;keh forj.k ¼ihd eSxuhV~;wM fMLVªhC;w"ku½ 21&22 oh gksxkA okbt fe'ku dks izR;sd fof'k"V lkSj ra= fiUM dk lalwpu 36 ?kUVs dh vof/k esa ¼3 ?kUVs ds varjky ds lkFk½ 10 ls 12 ckj djuk FkkA

^okbt* nwjchu dk fuekZ.k la;qDr :i ls cky ,jksLisl ,.M VsDuksykstht ¼vUrfj{k ;ku] izpkyu liksVZ½] ,l ,l th izsflt+u vkIVªksfuDl] budkiksZjs'ku ¼VsyhLdksi] izdkf'kdh] dzeoh{k.k niZ.k½] Mh vkj ,l ,.M jkWdosy ¼Qksdy IysUl½] ykdghM ekfVZu ¼Djk;kslSV] nwjchu dk 'khryhdj.k½] ,oa Lisl MkbukfeDl iz;ksx'kkyk ¼midj.k] bysDVªkfudh ,oa VsfLVax½ ds }kjk fd;k x;kA lEiw.kZ dk;Z dze dk izcU/ku ilkMsuk fLFkr tsV izkiYlu iz;ksx'kkyk ds }kjk fd;k tkrk gSA

okbt+ varfj{k ;ku

okbt+ varfj{k ;ku dk fuekZ.k ckWy ,jks Lisl ,.M VsDuksykstht ¼dksyksjSMks esa cksYMj LFkku ij fLFkr½ ds }kjk fd;k x;kA varfj{k ;ku dh :i j[kk ckWy ,jks Lisl vkj ,l& 300 varfj{k ;ku vkdhZVsDpj ls yh xbZ gS ¼fo'ks"kdj usDLVlSV varfj{k ;ku ls] ftldk fuekZ.k lQy vkjfcVy ,Dlizsl fe'ku ds fy, fd;k x;k rFkk ftldk izekspu 9 ekpZ 2009 dks fd;k x;k Fkk½A mM+ku ra= dk vuqekfur Hkkj 560 fdxzk0 gSA okbt+ varfj{k ;ku 3& v{kh; Hkkj lUrqfyr gS ¼ftlds lkSj ,js blds 'kjhj esa tqMs+ gS½A blesa

^okbt* fe'ku ls i`Foh esa izkIr izFke izfrfoEcA

vkSj 13 ekbdzksehVj rjax nS/;Z ij fd;k x;k Fkk rFkk ;g 1990 esa dkscs ¼dkfLed cSdxzkmUM ,DlIyksjj½ mixzg ds }kjk 3-3 vkSj 4-7 ekbdzksehVj rjax nS/;Z ij fd;s x;s losZ{k.k dh rqyuk esa 500000 xquh csgrj lqxzkgdrk n'kkZrk gSA blds foijhr ^vkbZ vkj , ,l* 60 vkSj 100 ekbdzksu rjax nS/;ksZ ij Hkh izs{k.k dj ldrk Fkk tks okbt+ fe'ku ds }kjk lEHko ugha FkkA

izkstsDV ds ekby LVksu

okbt+ fe'ku ds usr`Ro djus okys oSKkfud gSa ykWl ,Uthyhl fLFkr dSyh QksfuZ;k fo'ofo|ky; ds Mk0 ,MokMZ my jkbVA jkbV ds iz;klksa ds vUrxZr okbt+ fe'ku dk ,d yEck bfrgkl gS rFkk igyh ckj 1999 esa bldh QfUMx

dw& cSUM ¼11000 ls 14000 esxkgRlZ vko`fRr dks dw&cSUM dgrs gS½ mPp yfC/k ¼xsu½ ,UVsuk dk iz;ksx fd;k x;k gS rFkk ;g uklk dssssssssss ^Vh Mh vkj ,l ,l* HkwfLFkj mixzg ra= ds ek/;e ls i`Foh ds dsUnz ls lEidZ LFkkfir djrk gSA ckWy dEiuh us varfj{k ;ku dh VsfLaVx vkSj mM+ku ra= bUVhxzs'ku dk dk;Z fd;kA

okbt+ fe'ku

okbt+ fe'ku us bUQzkjsM cSUM dh pkj rjax nS/;ksZa ij vR;f/kd mPp lqxzkgdrk ds lkFk vkdk'k dk losZ{k.k fd;kA blds lalwpd ,js dh 5&flXek lqxzkgdrk lhek,¡ gS rFkk ;s gSa 120]160]650 vkSj 2600 ekbdzkstSULdht ¼3-3] 4-7] 12 vkSj 23 ekbdzksehVj rjax nS/;Z ij½A ;g 100 xquh csgrj lqxzkgdrk gS tks 1983 ds losZ{k.k esa ^vkbZ vkj , ,l mixzg* ds }kjk 12

foKku ifjppkZ o"kZ 2] vad 3 tuojh&ekpZ 2012

^ok;j* ¼okbt QhYM bUÝkjsM ,DlIyksjj½ fe'ku tks varfj{k

d{kk esa igq¡pus ds dqN ?kUVs ckn Qsy gks x;kA

^okbt* varfj{k ;ku ^Vh Mh vkj ,l ,l* mixzg ra= ds ek/;e ls i`Foh ds dsUnz ls lEidZ LFkkfir djrk gSA fp= esa bl mixzg ra= dk ,d

mixzg fn[kk;k x;k gSA

uklk ds }kjk uklk ds e/;e Js.kh vUos’k.k fe'ku ^^vxyh ih<+h vkdk'kh

losZ{k.k** ¼,u th ,l ,l&usDLV tujs'ku LdkbZ losZ½ ds uke ls dh

xbZA dk;ZØe bfrgkl 1999 ls vkt dh frfFk rd Øekuqlkj fuEu gS %&

¼ls-fu-½ oSKkfud] Hkkjrh; varfj{k vuqal/kku laLFkku ¼bljks½

20 21

,Mhcy usLV fLo¶V~ysV ¼gokfcy½ ?kksalys dk lwi!

1 2,e- fot; ,oa c`ts'k dqekj

,M~bcy usLV fLoV~ysV ¼gokfcy½ fLoV ifjokj dh ,d NksVh fpfM+;k gS] tks nf{k.k &iwoZ ,f'k;k esa ik;h tkrh gSA bl fpfM+;k dh yEckbZ 10&12 lseh- rFkk otu 15 ls 18 xzk- rd gksrk gS] bldh iw¡N fljs ij gYdh lh f}Hkkftr gksrh gS] rFkk pksap vkSj iSj dkys gksrs gSaA

bl fpfM+;k dk ?kksalyk lw[kh gqbZ ykj ls cuk gksrk gS ftldk iz;ksx cMZ usLV lwi cukus esa fd;k tkrk gSA ikjEifjd pkbuht O;+tuksa esa bl lwi dks csgn Lokfn"V ekuk tkrk gS] yxHkx 400 o"kksZa iwoZ ls bl lwi dk iz;ksx gksrk vk jgk gSA bl ?kksalys dks ty esa ?kksyus ij ;g ftysfVu dh Hkk¡fr xk<s lwi esa cny tkrk gS ftls pkbuht Hkk"kk esa VkWxlw Hkh dgrs gSaA

,jksMel Q;wlh Qsxl Q;wlh Qsxl & tkOkk] ckyh] vkSj lq.Mk }hi ij feyrh gSA

,jksMel Q;wlh Qsxl bU,Dl isDVsVl & v.Meku fudksckj }hi ij feyrh gSA

,jksMel Q;wlh Qsxl ehdsUl & iwohZ lw.Mksa }hi ij feyrh gSS

,jksMel Q;wlh Qsxl Msejeuh & Qyksjl }hi ij feyrh gSA

,jksMel Q;wlh Qsxl osfLVVl & lqek=k vkSj cksfuZ;ks esa ik;h Tkkrh gSA

,jksMel Q;wlh Qsxl ijisYddl~l & ejkrqvk vkfdZisykxks iwohZ cksfuZ;ks esa ik;h Tkkrh gSA

bl fpfM+;k dk Hkkstu mM+rs gq, dhV&irxsa gksrs gSa ftUgsa ;g gok esa mM+rs le; idM+rh gS A ;g >q.Mksa esa jguk ilUn djrh gS vkSj viuk okl LFkku xqQkvksa pV~Vkuksa dh njkjksa ,oa dHkh&dHkh bekjrksa esa Hkh cukrh gSA bldk ?kksalyk lQsn ,oa ikjn'khZ gksrk gS] tks bldh ykj dh dbZ ijrks ds pVVkuksa ls curk gSA ;g ijrsa vkil esa ,d&nqljs ls xqFkh gq;h jgrh gaSA ?kksalys dk fuekZ.k uj fLoV~ysV }kjk iztuu dky ds nkSjku fd;k tkrk gS tks fd 35 fnuksa dk gksrk gSA ;g vkdkj esa fNNys di dh rjg gksrk gS tks fd xqQk dh nhokj ij yxk jgrk gSA bldh eki 6 lseh- vkSj xgjkbZ 15 lseh- vkSj otu yxHkx 14 xzke gksrk

,Mhcy usLV fLoV~ysV dh 6 mi&iztkfr;ka ik;h tkrh gS&

gSA eknk bl ?kksalys esa 2 lQsn v.Mkdkj xSj pednkj v.Ms nsrh gSA

lQsn vkSj jDrkHk yky ?kksalyksa esa iks'kd rRo dkQh ek=k esa gksrs gSa ftlls ;s LOkkLF; dh n`f"V ls dkQh egRoiw.kZ ekus tkrs gaS] ,oa dbZ izdkj ds LokLF; fodkjksa tSls & ikpu fdz;k c<kus] vkokt dks lq/kkjus] vLFkek] Lej.k 'kfDr c<kus] lsDl {kerk c<kus ,oa izfrj{kk ra= dks etcwr djus esa mi;ksxh gksrk gSA gkyka fd pkbuht ;wuhoflZVh gk¡x dk¡x ds tSo jklk;u 'kkL=h dkWx;wpsu us iz;ksx esa ;g ik;k fd ?kksalyksa esa ty esa ?kqyu'khy Xyk;dks izksVhUl ik;s tkrs gSa tks fd izfrj{kk ra= dh dksf'kdkvksa esa dksf'kdk

xqQk ftlesa fLoV~ysV ?kksalyk cukrh gSA

,d ladVxzLr i{kh iztkfr

foKku ifjppkZ o"kZ 2] vad 3 tuojh&ekpZ 2012

foHkktu dks izsfjr djrs gSaA bl izfdz;k esa izfrj{kkra= u"V gks tkrk gSa] bl dkj.k ls bu ?kksalyksa dk lwi okLro esa de iks"kd ewY; dk gksrk gSA xkWlsV ¼2004½ ds vuqlkj OgkbV cMZ usLV fLo¶V~ysV ¼,jksMªkel Q;wlh Qsxl ½ rFkk CySd cMZ usLV fLoV~ysV ¼,jksMªkel eSDlh eDl½ ds ?kksalys lcls T;knk mi;ksx esa yk;s tkrs gSaA

gk¡x dk¡x vkSj la;wDr jkT; vesfjdk bu ?kksalyks ds lcls cM+s fu;kZrd ns'k gSaA gk¡x dk¡x esa cMZ usLV lwi dh dher 30&100 ;w-,l MkWyj rd gksrh gSA ogha lQsn ?kksalyks dh dher 2000 MkWyj rFkk jDrkHk yky ?kksalyksa dh dher 10000 MkWyj rd gksrh gSA bu ?kksalyksa dks xqQkvksa dh Å¡ph nhokjksa ls bdB~Bk fd;k tkrk gSA blds fy, yksx tku dk tksf[ke mBkdj budks bdB~Bk djrs gSa] bu ?kksalyksa dks mBkus ds fy, bUgsa lSdM+ksa QhV Å¡ps] dkQh iqjkus vkSj detksj ck¡l ds yB~Bs ij p<dj bu ?kksalyksa dks bdB~Bk djuk iM+rk gSA

fiNys chl lkyksa esa bu ?kksalyksa dh vUrjk"Vªh; ctkj esa ekax c<us ls budk nksgu dkQh T;knk gks x;k gS ftlls bu iztkfr;ksa ds vfLrRo ij [krjk eaMjkus yxk gSA v.Meku fudksckj esa ik;h tkus okyh iztkfr ds vR;kf/kd nksgu gksus ds dkj.k ;g xEHkhj :i ls ladVxzLr thoksa dh

Js.kh esa vk xbZ gSA

bu thoksa dks cpkus ds fy, dM+s dkuwuh izko/kkuksa ds fuekZ.k ,oa muds dM+kbZ ls ikyu dh vko';drk gSA bu u;s dkuwuksa esa ykblsUl iz.kkyh ds iz;ksx ij lcls T;knk cy fn;k tk jgk gS A blds vuqlkj fpfM+;ksa }kjk v.Ms nsus ds fy;s u;s ?kksalyksa dks cukus ds ckn gh iqjkus ?kksalyksa dks mi;ksx esa yk;k tk lkdrk gS] cgqr lh xqQkvksa esa dsoy ,d gh l= esa ?kksalyksa dks mBkus dk fu;e vkfn tSls dkuwu cukus dh vko';drk ij tksj fn;k tk jgk gSA blds vfrfjDr fo;ruke] b.Mksusf'k;k] FkkbyS.M] eysf'k;k vkfn ds dqN ?kksalyk O;kikfj;ksa us ,d vuks[kh igy djrs gq;s bu fLoV~ysV fPkfM+;ksa dks ?kj tSlh txgksa esa iztuu djds viuh la[;k

?kksalyks dks bdB~Bk djrs O;fDRkA

c<kus dks izsfjr fd;k ftlls bu fpfM+;ks ds ?kksalyksa dks vklkuh ls izkIr fd;k tk lds vkSj ldkjkRed <ax ls mudk O;kikj fd;k tk ldsA ijUrq cktkj esa bu ?kjsyw ?kksalyksa dh dher xqQk ds ?kkslyksa ls dkQh de gksxh D;kasfd buds lkFk bUgsa mBkus esa tku dk tksf[ke ugha gksxkA bu dkuwuh izko/kkuksa ds ykxw gksus ij Hkh bu ?kksalyksa ds vk; dk vPNk lzksr gksus ds dkj.k budks xSjdkuwuh rjhdksa ls bdB~Bk djus ,oa budk fu;kZr djus okys dh la[;k rsth ls c< jgh gS ftlls bu iztkfr;ksa dks lajf{kr thoksa dh Js.kh esa j[kuk dgha T;knk dkjxj fl) gksxkA

?kksalyk

?kksalyk ,oa fLo¶V~ysV ds cPps

1-bZ- vkbZ-,- fMohtu] vkbZ- lh-,Q- vkj- bZ-] nsgjknwu

2-Hkkjrh; ouLifr losZ{k.k] m-{ks-ds-] nsgjknwu

20 21

,Mhcy usLV fLo¶V~ysV ¼gokfcy½ ?kksalys dk lwi!

1 2,e- fot; ,oa c`ts'k dqekj

,M~bcy usLV fLoV~ysV ¼gokfcy½ fLoV ifjokj dh ,d NksVh fpfM+;k gS] tks nf{k.k &iwoZ ,f'k;k esa ik;h tkrh gSA bl fpfM+;k dh yEckbZ 10&12 lseh- rFkk otu 15 ls 18 xzk- rd gksrk gS] bldh iw¡N fljs ij gYdh lh f}Hkkftr gksrh gS] rFkk pksap vkSj iSj dkys gksrs gSaA

bl fpfM+;k dk ?kksalyk lw[kh gqbZ ykj ls cuk gksrk gS ftldk iz;ksx cMZ usLV lwi cukus esa fd;k tkrk gSA ikjEifjd pkbuht O;+tuksa esa bl lwi dks csgn Lokfn"V ekuk tkrk gS] yxHkx 400 o"kksZa iwoZ ls bl lwi dk iz;ksx gksrk vk jgk gSA bl ?kksalys dks ty esa ?kksyus ij ;g ftysfVu dh Hkk¡fr xk<s lwi esa cny tkrk gS ftls pkbuht Hkk"kk esa VkWxlw Hkh dgrs gSaA

,jksMel Q;wlh Qsxl Q;wlh Qsxl & tkOkk] ckyh] vkSj lq.Mk }hi ij feyrh gSA

,jksMel Q;wlh Qsxl bU,Dl isDVsVl & v.Meku fudksckj }hi ij feyrh gSA

,jksMel Q;wlh Qsxl ehdsUl & iwohZ lw.Mksa }hi ij feyrh gSS

,jksMel Q;wlh Qsxl Msejeuh & Qyksjl }hi ij feyrh gSA

,jksMel Q;wlh Qsxl osfLVVl & lqek=k vkSj cksfuZ;ks esa ik;h Tkkrh gSA

,jksMel Q;wlh Qsxl ijisYddl~l & ejkrqvk vkfdZisykxks iwohZ cksfuZ;ks esa ik;h Tkkrh gSA

bl fpfM+;k dk Hkkstu mM+rs gq, dhV&irxsa gksrs gSa ftUgsa ;g gok esa mM+rs le; idM+rh gS A ;g >q.Mksa esa jguk ilUn djrh gS vkSj viuk okl LFkku xqQkvksa pV~Vkuksa dh njkjksa ,oa dHkh&dHkh bekjrksa esa Hkh cukrh gSA bldk ?kksalyk lQsn ,oa ikjn'khZ gksrk gS] tks bldh ykj dh dbZ ijrks ds pVVkuksa ls curk gSA ;g ijrsa vkil esa ,d&nqljs ls xqFkh gq;h jgrh gaSA ?kksalys dk fuekZ.k uj fLoV~ysV }kjk iztuu dky ds nkSjku fd;k tkrk gS tks fd 35 fnuksa dk gksrk gSA ;g vkdkj esa fNNys di dh rjg gksrk gS tks fd xqQk dh nhokj ij yxk jgrk gSA bldh eki 6 lseh- vkSj xgjkbZ 15 lseh- vkSj otu yxHkx 14 xzke gksrk

,Mhcy usLV fLoV~ysV dh 6 mi&iztkfr;ka ik;h tkrh gS&

gSA eknk bl ?kksalys esa 2 lQsn v.Mkdkj xSj pednkj v.Ms nsrh gSA

lQsn vkSj jDrkHk yky ?kksalyksa esa iks'kd rRo dkQh ek=k esa gksrs gSa ftlls ;s LOkkLF; dh n`f"V ls dkQh egRoiw.kZ ekus tkrs gaS] ,oa dbZ izdkj ds LokLF; fodkjksa tSls & ikpu fdz;k c<kus] vkokt dks lq/kkjus] vLFkek] Lej.k 'kfDr c<kus] lsDl {kerk c<kus ,oa izfrj{kk ra= dks etcwr djus esa mi;ksxh gksrk gSA gkyka fd pkbuht ;wuhoflZVh gk¡x dk¡x ds tSo jklk;u 'kkL=h dkWx;wpsu us iz;ksx esa ;g ik;k fd ?kksalyksa esa ty esa ?kqyu'khy Xyk;dks izksVhUl ik;s tkrs gSa tks fd izfrj{kk ra= dh dksf'kdkvksa esa dksf'kdk

xqQk ftlesa fLoV~ysV ?kksalyk cukrh gSA

,d ladVxzLr i{kh iztkfr

foKku ifjppkZ o"kZ 2] vad 3 tuojh&ekpZ 2012

foHkktu dks izsfjr djrs gSaA bl izfdz;k esa izfrj{kkra= u"V gks tkrk gSa] bl dkj.k ls bu ?kksalyksa dk lwi okLro esa de iks"kd ewY; dk gksrk gSA xkWlsV ¼2004½ ds vuqlkj OgkbV cMZ usLV fLo¶V~ysV ¼,jksMªkel Q;wlh Qsxl ½ rFkk CySd cMZ usLV fLoV~ysV ¼,jksMªkel eSDlh eDl½ ds ?kksalys lcls T;knk mi;ksx esa yk;s tkrs gSaA

gk¡x dk¡x vkSj la;wDr jkT; vesfjdk bu ?kksalyks ds lcls cM+s fu;kZrd ns'k gSaA gk¡x dk¡x esa cMZ usLV lwi dh dher 30&100 ;w-,l MkWyj rd gksrh gSA ogha lQsn ?kksalyks dh dher 2000 MkWyj rFkk jDrkHk yky ?kksalyksa dh dher 10000 MkWyj rd gksrh gSA bu ?kksalyksa dks xqQkvksa dh Å¡ph nhokjksa ls bdB~Bk fd;k tkrk gSA blds fy, yksx tku dk tksf[ke mBkdj budks bdB~Bk djrs gSa] bu ?kksalyksa dks mBkus ds fy, bUgsa lSdM+ksa QhV Å¡ps] dkQh iqjkus vkSj detksj ck¡l ds yB~Bs ij p<dj bu ?kksalyksa dks bdB~Bk djuk iM+rk gSA

fiNys chl lkyksa esa bu ?kksalyksa dh vUrjk"Vªh; ctkj esa ekax c<us ls budk nksgu dkQh T;knk gks x;k gS ftlls bu iztkfr;ksa ds vfLrRo ij [krjk eaMjkus yxk gSA v.Meku fudksckj esa ik;h tkus okyh iztkfr ds vR;kf/kd nksgu gksus ds dkj.k ;g xEHkhj :i ls ladVxzLr thoksa dh

Js.kh esa vk xbZ gSA

bu thoksa dks cpkus ds fy, dM+s dkuwuh izko/kkuksa ds fuekZ.k ,oa muds dM+kbZ ls ikyu dh vko';drk gSA bu u;s dkuwuksa esa ykblsUl iz.kkyh ds iz;ksx ij lcls T;knk cy fn;k tk jgk gS A blds vuqlkj fpfM+;ksa }kjk v.Ms nsus ds fy;s u;s ?kksalyksa dks cukus ds ckn gh iqjkus ?kksalyksa dks mi;ksx esa yk;k tk lkdrk gS] cgqr lh xqQkvksa esa dsoy ,d gh l= esa ?kksalyksa dks mBkus dk fu;e vkfn tSls dkuwu cukus dh vko';drk ij tksj fn;k tk jgk gSA blds vfrfjDr fo;ruke] b.Mksusf'k;k] FkkbyS.M] eysf'k;k vkfn ds dqN ?kksalyk O;kikfj;ksa us ,d vuks[kh igy djrs gq;s bu fLoV~ysV fPkfM+;ksa dks ?kj tSlh txgksa esa iztuu djds viuh la[;k

?kksalyks dks bdB~Bk djrs O;fDRkA

c<kus dks izsfjr fd;k ftlls bu fpfM+;ks ds ?kksalyksa dks vklkuh ls izkIr fd;k tk lds vkSj ldkjkRed <ax ls mudk O;kikj fd;k tk ldsA ijUrq cktkj esa bu ?kjsyw ?kksalyksa dh dher xqQk ds ?kkslyksa ls dkQh de gksxh D;kasfd buds lkFk bUgsa mBkus esa tku dk tksf[ke ugha gksxkA bu dkuwuh izko/kkuksa ds ykxw gksus ij Hkh bu ?kksalyksa ds vk; dk vPNk lzksr gksus ds dkj.k budks xSjdkuwuh rjhdksa ls bdB~Bk djus ,oa budk fu;kZr djus okys dh la[;k rsth ls c< jgh gS ftlls bu iztkfr;ksa dks lajf{kr thoksa dh Js.kh esa j[kuk dgha T;knk dkjxj fl) gksxkA

?kksalyk

?kksalyk ,oa fLo¶V~ysV ds cPps

1-bZ- vkbZ-,- fMohtu] vkbZ- lh-,Q- vkj- bZ-] nsgjknwu

2-Hkkjrh; ouLifr losZ{k.k] m-{ks-ds-] nsgjknwu

22

foKku ifjppkZ o"kZ 2] vad 3 tuojh&ekpZ 2012

23

eNyh ikyu Hkh ,d izdkj dh cgqmÌs'kh; fo/kk gS] ftlds }kjk fuEu mÌs';ksa dh iwrhZ gksrh gS%

1- izfr O;fDr mRiknu] miHkksx o vk; es o`f) dj jk"Vªh; vkfFkZdh esa o`f) djukA

2- jkst+xkj ds volj iSnk djukA

3- miyC/k izkd`frd ty lalk/kuksa dk mfpr izdkj ls mi;ksx djukA

4- O;fDr;ksa dk lkekftd o vkfFkZd mRFkku djukA

5- fons'kh eqnzk vftZr djukA

6- euksjatu dh n`f"V ls egRoiw.kZ o ^,Dosfj;e* es ikyh tkus okyh jax&fcjaxh eNfy;ksa dk lao/kZu djukA

e/;&iwoZ] bftIV ¼felz½] jkse vkfn ds ,sfrgkfld lnaHkkZsa ds vfrfjDr ^eNyh ikyu* dk Lof.kZe bfrgkl bZlk ls 500 o"kZ iwoZ ^Dykfld vkWQ fQ+'k dYpj* uked iqLrd ls feyrk gS] tks

jktuhfrK ls eRL;&ikyd cus ^Qku yh* us fy[kh FkhA ml iqLrd esa mUgksaus fy[kk Fkk fd muds ^rkykc* gh

mudh lEifÙk ds lzksr FksA phu esa loZizFke eNyh ikyu ds izek.k ^dkWeu dkiZ* ¼flizhul dkfiZ;ks½ uke ls tkus tkuh okyh eNyh ¼fp= 1½ ds #i esa feyrs gSaA vkt phu ls gh lEcaf/kr ^xzkl dkiZ* ¼VhuksQsfjaxksMku vkbZMsyk½ ¼fp= 2½] ^flYoj dkiZ* ¼gkbZiksvkQFksfYeDFkht+ eksyhfVªDl½ ¼fp= 3½] ^fcx gSM* ¼,fjfLVDFkht+ ukschfyl½ ¼fp= 4½ rFkk ^eM dkiZ* ¼fljfgul eksyhVksjsyk½ ¼fp= 5½ eNfy;ksa dk mRiknu fo'o ds cgqr ls ns'kksa esa gks jgk gSA

Hkkjr esa eNyh ikyu dk izek.k ^dkSfVY; ds vFkZ'kkL=* ¼321&300 ch0lh0½ ls feyrk gS] tgk¡ ;g fy[kk x;k fd ;q) ds le;] fdl rjg xksiuh; fof/k ls eNfy;ksa dks] tyk'k;ksa dks fo"kSyk djus ds fy,] ikyk tkrk FkkA jktk lkses'oj us viuh iqLrd ^ekulksYykl* ¼1127 bZ-½ esa og fof/k fy[kh ftlds }kjk eNfy;ksa dks eksVk ¼vFkkZr~ vPNh o`f) okyk½ cuk;s j[kk tk ldrk FkkA 19oha 'krkCnh ds vUr rd caxky] fcgkj o mM+hlk esa ijEijkxr <ax ls eNyh ikyu m|ksx izkjEHk gks pqdk FkkA tks rduhd ogk¡ viukbZ xbZ og Hkkjr ds vU; {ks=ksa esa

QSyh vkSj vkt eRL;&ikyu m|ksx vkfFkZd n`f"V ls ,d ykHkdkjh m|ksx gSA 1947 esa if'peh caxky esa ^lsUVªy bUySaM fQ'kjht+ fjlpZ LVs'ku* o 1949 esa dVd ¼mM+hlk½ esa ^ikSaM dYpj lcLVs'ku* dh LFkkiuk ds lkFk eNyh mRiknu dks jktdh; o lkoZtfud {ks= esa oSKkfud Lrj ij

viukus ds fy, izksRlkgu nsuk izkjEHk gqvkA bl izdkj d`f"k esa ^gfjr Øk¡fr* ds lkFk&lkFk eNyh&ikyu tSlh ^uhyh Øk¡fr* us tUe fy;kA blh dkj.k] ,d vuqeku ds vuqlkj] fo'o esa ^,DokdYpj* ds {ks= esa phu ds ckn Hkkjr dk ehBs ty }kjk fo'o&Lrjh; izfr'kr mRiknu nwljs LFkku ij vk¡dk x;k gS ¼phu 57% o Hkkjr 9%½ Hkkjr esa gksus okys eRL;&ikyu ds QyLo#i yxHkx 17 yk[k Vu mRiknu izfro"kZ gksrk gSa vkSj bl mRiknu dk 80% Hkkx ^dkiZ* ds uke ls izfl) eNfy;ksa dk gksrk gSA oSls rks ^ty&lao/kZu* ¼,DokdYpj½ }kjk cgqr lh eNfy;ksa dk lao/kZu fd;k tkrk gS] ijUrq buesa izeq[k eNfy;k¡ nks izdkj dh 'kkdkgkjh ^dkiZ* gksrh gSa] ,d Hkkjrh; ewy dh o nwljh fons'kh ewy ¼^,Dt+ksfVd*½ dhA

lHkkjrh; ewy dh dkiZ %

1- jksgw ¼ysfc;ks jksfgrk½ ¼fp= 6½A

2- dryk¼dryk dryk½ ¼fp= 7½A

3- fezxy ¼fljfgul fezxkyk½ ¼fp= 8½A

lfons'kh ewy dh dkiZ %

1- dkWeu dkiZ ¼flizhul dkfiZ;ks½ ¼fp= 1½A

2- xzkl dkiZ ¼VhuksQsfjaxksMkWu vkbZMsyk½ ¼fp= 2½A

3- flYoj dkiZ ¼gkbZiksvkQFksfYeDFkht+ eksyhfVªDl½ ¼fp= 3½A

4- fcx gSM ¼,fjfLVDFkht+ ukschfyl½ ¼fp= 4½A

,lΠdsΠxqIrkLojkstxkj

eNyh ikyu m|ksxuksV % ys[k esa lanfHkZr ^fp=ksa* ds fy, d`i;k fiNys doj i`"B ds vUnj ns[ksaA

eNyh] izksVhu dk vfrmÙke lzksr gSA

4]000 o"kksZa ls Hkh vf/kd le; ls

,f'k;k esa euq"; eNfy;ksa] >haxksa]

lhfi;ksa] leqnzh ikS/kksa vkfn dks izksVhu

ds lzksr ds #i esa iz;ksx djrk jgk

gS vkSj mlds fy, og mudk lao/kZu

Hkh djrk FkkA fofHk™k izdkj ds ty

lzksrksa esa [kkus ;ksX; thoksa dks

ikydj mudk lao/kZu djuk

^,DokdYpj* dgykrk gSA

5- eM dkiZ ¼fljfgul eksyhVksjsyk½ ¼fp= 5½A

lmÙkjk[kaM dh [kkus ;ksX; izfl) eNfy;k¡

mÙkjk[kaM dh xaxk o ;equk ufn;ksa o leqnz ry ls 914 ehVj ls Hkh vf/kd Å¡pkbZ okys {ks=ksa ds tylzksrksa dks ^BaMs ty lzksr* ¼dksYM okVj ckWMht+½

odgrs gSa] tgk¡ dk rkiØe 0 lsa- ls

o20 lsa- rd gksrk gSA ;gk¡ ikbZ tkus okyh eNfy;ksa dks ^dksYM okVj fQ'kst* ¼BaMs ty dh eNfy;k¡½ dgrs gSaA bu eNfy;ksa esa Hkh Hkkjrh; o fons'kh] nksuks ewy dh eNfy;k¡ lfEefyr gSaA

Hkkjrh; ewy dh BaMs ty okyh eNfy;k¡ %

1- Luks VªkÅV ;k vyok¡] ph# ¼'kkbZt+ksFkksjsDl ;k 'kkbZt+ksFkksjsDFkht+½ ¼fp= 9] 10½A

2- egklhj ¼VkSj½ ¼fp= 11] 12½A

oSls rks izkd`frd #i ls ^vyok¡* ¼LuksVªkÅV½ x<+oky fgeky; dh HkkxhjFkh @ xaxk ls idM+s tkus okyh eNfy;ksa dk 80% rd gksrh gS] ijUrq budh ek=k ij cM+s&cM+s ck¡/k cu tkus o euq"; }kjk f'kdkj dj ysus ds dkj.k izfrdwy izHkko iM+k gSA mÙkjk[kaM ds igkM+h {ks=ksa esa buds lao/kZu dh vikj {kerk,¡ rks gSa] ijUrq dksbZ Bksl j.kuhfr bl vksj curh vHkh rd izrhr ugha gqbZ gSA vko';drk gS] lkoZtfud {ks= ls ,sls mRlkgh ;qokvksa dh tks blds lao/kZu dks] gY}kuh fLFkr

22

foKku ifjppkZ o"kZ 2] vad 3 tuojh&ekpZ 2012

23

eNyh ikyu Hkh ,d izdkj dh cgqmÌs'kh; fo/kk gS] ftlds }kjk fuEu mÌs';ksa dh iwrhZ gksrh gS%

1- izfr O;fDr mRiknu] miHkksx o vk; es o`f) dj jk"Vªh; vkfFkZdh esa o`f) djukA

2- jkst+xkj ds volj iSnk djukA

3- miyC/k izkd`frd ty lalk/kuksa dk mfpr izdkj ls mi;ksx djukA

4- O;fDr;ksa dk lkekftd o vkfFkZd mRFkku djukA

5- fons'kh eqnzk vftZr djukA

6- euksjatu dh n`f"V ls egRoiw.kZ o ^,Dosfj;e* es ikyh tkus okyh jax&fcjaxh eNfy;ksa dk lao/kZu djukA

e/;&iwoZ] bftIV ¼felz½] jkse vkfn ds ,sfrgkfld lnaHkkZsa ds vfrfjDr ^eNyh ikyu* dk Lof.kZe bfrgkl bZlk ls 500 o"kZ iwoZ ^Dykfld vkWQ fQ+'k dYpj* uked iqLrd ls feyrk gS] tks

jktuhfrK ls eRL;&ikyd cus ^Qku yh* us fy[kh FkhA ml iqLrd esa mUgksaus fy[kk Fkk fd muds ^rkykc* gh

mudh lEifÙk ds lzksr FksA phu esa loZizFke eNyh ikyu ds izek.k ^dkWeu dkiZ* ¼flizhul dkfiZ;ks½ uke ls tkus tkuh okyh eNyh ¼fp= 1½ ds #i esa feyrs gSaA vkt phu ls gh lEcaf/kr ^xzkl dkiZ* ¼VhuksQsfjaxksMku vkbZMsyk½ ¼fp= 2½] ^flYoj dkiZ* ¼gkbZiksvkQFksfYeDFkht+ eksyhfVªDl½ ¼fp= 3½] ^fcx gSM* ¼,fjfLVDFkht+ ukschfyl½ ¼fp= 4½ rFkk ^eM dkiZ* ¼fljfgul eksyhVksjsyk½ ¼fp= 5½ eNfy;ksa dk mRiknu fo'o ds cgqr ls ns'kksa esa gks jgk gSA

Hkkjr esa eNyh ikyu dk izek.k ^dkSfVY; ds vFkZ'kkL=* ¼321&300 ch0lh0½ ls feyrk gS] tgk¡ ;g fy[kk x;k fd ;q) ds le;] fdl rjg xksiuh; fof/k ls eNfy;ksa dks] tyk'k;ksa dks fo"kSyk djus ds fy,] ikyk tkrk FkkA jktk lkses'oj us viuh iqLrd ^ekulksYykl* ¼1127 bZ-½ esa og fof/k fy[kh ftlds }kjk eNfy;ksa dks eksVk ¼vFkkZr~ vPNh o`f) okyk½ cuk;s j[kk tk ldrk FkkA 19oha 'krkCnh ds vUr rd caxky] fcgkj o mM+hlk esa ijEijkxr <ax ls eNyh ikyu m|ksx izkjEHk gks pqdk FkkA tks rduhd ogk¡ viukbZ xbZ og Hkkjr ds vU; {ks=ksa esa

QSyh vkSj vkt eRL;&ikyu m|ksx vkfFkZd n`f"V ls ,d ykHkdkjh m|ksx gSA 1947 esa if'peh caxky esa ^lsUVªy bUySaM fQ'kjht+ fjlpZ LVs'ku* o 1949 esa dVd ¼mM+hlk½ esa ^ikSaM dYpj lcLVs'ku* dh LFkkiuk ds lkFk eNyh mRiknu dks jktdh; o lkoZtfud {ks= esa oSKkfud Lrj ij

viukus ds fy, izksRlkgu nsuk izkjEHk gqvkA bl izdkj d`f"k esa ^gfjr Øk¡fr* ds lkFk&lkFk eNyh&ikyu tSlh ^uhyh Øk¡fr* us tUe fy;kA blh dkj.k] ,d vuqeku ds vuqlkj] fo'o esa ^,DokdYpj* ds {ks= esa phu ds ckn Hkkjr dk ehBs ty }kjk fo'o&Lrjh; izfr'kr mRiknu nwljs LFkku ij vk¡dk x;k gS ¼phu 57% o Hkkjr 9%½ Hkkjr esa gksus okys eRL;&ikyu ds QyLo#i yxHkx 17 yk[k Vu mRiknu izfro"kZ gksrk gSa vkSj bl mRiknu dk 80% Hkkx ^dkiZ* ds uke ls izfl) eNfy;ksa dk gksrk gSA oSls rks ^ty&lao/kZu* ¼,DokdYpj½ }kjk cgqr lh eNfy;ksa dk lao/kZu fd;k tkrk gS] ijUrq buesa izeq[k eNfy;k¡ nks izdkj dh 'kkdkgkjh ^dkiZ* gksrh gSa] ,d Hkkjrh; ewy dh o nwljh fons'kh ewy ¼^,Dt+ksfVd*½ dhA

lHkkjrh; ewy dh dkiZ %

1- jksgw ¼ysfc;ks jksfgrk½ ¼fp= 6½A

2- dryk¼dryk dryk½ ¼fp= 7½A

3- fezxy ¼fljfgul fezxkyk½ ¼fp= 8½A

lfons'kh ewy dh dkiZ %

1- dkWeu dkiZ ¼flizhul dkfiZ;ks½ ¼fp= 1½A

2- xzkl dkiZ ¼VhuksQsfjaxksMkWu vkbZMsyk½ ¼fp= 2½A

3- flYoj dkiZ ¼gkbZiksvkQFksfYeDFkht+ eksyhfVªDl½ ¼fp= 3½A

4- fcx gSM ¼,fjfLVDFkht+ ukschfyl½ ¼fp= 4½A

,lΠdsΠxqIrkLojkstxkj

eNyh ikyu m|ksxuksV % ys[k esa lanfHkZr ^fp=ksa* ds fy, d`i;k fiNys doj i`"B ds vUnj ns[ksaA

eNyh] izksVhu dk vfrmÙke lzksr gSA

4]000 o"kksZa ls Hkh vf/kd le; ls

,f'k;k esa euq"; eNfy;ksa] >haxksa]

lhfi;ksa] leqnzh ikS/kksa vkfn dks izksVhu

ds lzksr ds #i esa iz;ksx djrk jgk

gS vkSj mlds fy, og mudk lao/kZu

Hkh djrk FkkA fofHk™k izdkj ds ty

lzksrksa esa [kkus ;ksX; thoksa dks

ikydj mudk lao/kZu djuk

^,DokdYpj* dgykrk gSA

5- eM dkiZ ¼fljfgul eksyhVksjsyk½ ¼fp= 5½A

lmÙkjk[kaM dh [kkus ;ksX; izfl) eNfy;k¡

mÙkjk[kaM dh xaxk o ;equk ufn;ksa o leqnz ry ls 914 ehVj ls Hkh vf/kd Å¡pkbZ okys {ks=ksa ds tylzksrksa dks ^BaMs ty lzksr* ¼dksYM okVj ckWMht+½

odgrs gSa] tgk¡ dk rkiØe 0 lsa- ls

o20 lsa- rd gksrk gSA ;gk¡ ikbZ tkus okyh eNfy;ksa dks ^dksYM okVj fQ'kst* ¼BaMs ty dh eNfy;k¡½ dgrs gSaA bu eNfy;ksa esa Hkh Hkkjrh; o fons'kh] nksuks ewy dh eNfy;k¡ lfEefyr gSaA

Hkkjrh; ewy dh BaMs ty okyh eNfy;k¡ %

1- Luks VªkÅV ;k vyok¡] ph# ¼'kkbZt+ksFkksjsDl ;k 'kkbZt+ksFkksjsDFkht+½ ¼fp= 9] 10½A

2- egklhj ¼VkSj½ ¼fp= 11] 12½A

oSls rks izkd`frd #i ls ^vyok¡* ¼LuksVªkÅV½ x<+oky fgeky; dh HkkxhjFkh @ xaxk ls idM+s tkus okyh eNfy;ksa dk 80% rd gksrh gS] ijUrq budh ek=k ij cM+s&cM+s ck¡/k cu tkus o euq"; }kjk f'kdkj dj ysus ds dkj.k izfrdwy izHkko iM+k gSA mÙkjk[kaM ds igkM+h {ks=ksa esa buds lao/kZu dh vikj {kerk,¡ rks gSa] ijUrq dksbZ Bksl j.kuhfr bl vksj curh vHkh rd izrhr ugha gqbZ gSA vko';drk gS] lkoZtfud {ks= ls ,sls mRlkgh ;qokvksa dh tks blds lao/kZu dks] gY}kuh fLFkr

2524

^us'kuy fjlpZ lsUVj vkWu dksYMokVj fQ'kjht* ls oSKkfud lykg ysdj] viuk ldsa vkSj ,d vPNh vk; dk lzksr cuk ldsA

^egklhj*] mÙkjk[k.M {ks= dh ,d vU; egRoiw.kZ eNyh gSA ,d le; Fkk tc 30&40 fdyks xk0 dh egklhj xaxk unh esa fey tk;k djrh FkhA vkt 2 fd0 ls vf/kd dh ,d eNyh idM+ ysuk cM+s lkSHkkX; dh ckr gksrh gSA ftu eNfy;ksa dks ge lHkh us xaxk esa vkVs dh xksfy;k¡ f[kykrs ns[kk gS] os ;gh ^egklhj* gksrh gSaA ^egklhj* blfy,] fd buds 'kjhj ij cM+s&cM+s 'kYd ¼Ldsy½ gksrs gSaA ufn;ksa ij euq"; }kjk vuf/kdkj ps"Vk ds dkj.k ^egklhj* dh nqnZ'kk ds ckj esa vk;s fnu oSKkfud vius 'kks/k ifj.kke o vk[;k,¡ nsrs jgrs gSaA gY}kuh fLFkr 'kks/k dsUnz us buds lao/kZu ds cgqr ls lQy iz;ksx fd;s gSaA dqek¡Å ds ukSdqfp;krky o lÙkky( th0 ch0 iar fo'ofo|ky;] iaruxj vkfn us Hkh ^egklhj* lao/kZu ds iz;kl fd;s gSaA nsgjknwu ft+ys esa ^csarokyh eaMh* ¼fodkluxj ds ikl½ esa egklhj lao/kZu dk iz;kl vlQy jgkA fVgjh ds ^pEck* o ^lriqyh* es Hkh iz;kl rks fd;s x;s ijUrq vk'kkrhr lQyrk ugha feyhA dqy feykdj x<+oky esa ^egklhj* lao/kZu dks og lQyrk u fey ldh ftldh vis{kk dh tkrh jghA blh dkj.k uoha iapo"khZ; ;kstuk ¼1997&2002½ esa 2 djksM+ ctV dk izko/kku Hkh fd;k x;k FkkA

lfons'kh ewy dh BaMs ty okyh eNfy;k¡ %

1- jsucks VªkÅV ¼vk¡dksfjadl ehfdl½ ¼fp= 13½A

2- czkÅu VªkÅV ¼lkeks VªwVk Qsfj;ks½ ¼fp= 14½A

Hkkjr esa ^VªkÅV* lao/kZu dk bfrgkl cgqr iqjkuk gSA ;wjksi ewy dh ^VªkÅV* dks loZizFke 1863&1869 esa ^uhyfxjh* ¼rfeyukMw½ esa yk;k x;k FkkA fgeky; {ks= esa] ,d dkyhu O;kikjh ,Q0 ts0 fe'ksy us Jhuxj ¼d'ehj½ ds gjok¡ esa VªkÅV lao/kZu ds iz;kl ¼1899&1900½ fd;s FksA x<+oky esa ^VªkÅV* mRiknu

dk iz;kl 1910 esa rc fd;k x;k] tc Vhgjh ds 'kkld us ^dYn;kuh* ¼mÙkjdk'kh½ o ^rYokjh* ¼peksyh½ gSpjh ds fy, d'ehj ls VªkÅV ds vaMs izkIr fd;s FksA ijUrq rduhdh tkudkjh ds vHkko esa vf/kd lQyrk izkIr u gks ldhA 1978 ls mÙkjdk'kh eRL; foHkkx dh ns[k js[k esa mDr LFkkuksa ij VªkÅV lao/kZu dk;ZØe pyk;k tk jgk gS vkSj ogk¡ ls eNfy;ksa dks HkkxhjFkh o vlhxaxk esa NksM+ dj mudh la[;k esa o`f) djus dk iz;kl fd;k tkrk gSA blds vfrfjDr rfeyukMw ds dksM+kbdsuky ¼1894½] fgekpy ds dqYyw o dk¡xM+k ¼1909½] dsjy ds Vªkoudksj ¼1909½ vkfn esa VªkÅV lao/kZu ds iz;kl fd;s x;sA yxHkx 149 o"kksZa iwoZ ^VªkÅV* mRiknu dk dk;Z izkjEHk gqvk] ijUrq fgekpy ds dVjsu o d'ehj ds dksdjukx ds mRlkgo/kZd mRiknu vkadM+ksa ds vfrfjDr vkSj dgha Hkh ^VªkÅV* mRiknu vis{kkuq#i izxfr u dj ldkA

Lojkstxkj lEHkkouk,¡ %

dqy feykdj jktdh; Lrj ij eNyh&ikyu ds vfrfjDr] Lojkst+xkj ds #i esa eNfy;ksa dk mRiknu dj viuh vkfFkZd fLFkfr dks et+cwr fd;k tk ldrk gSA

[kkus ds lkFk&lkFk C;wVh izksMDV~l vkSj nokb;ksa ds {ks= esa eNyh dh mi;ksfxrk dks ns[krs gq, bl lsDVj esa vikj lEHkkouk,¡ gSaA f'k{k.k&izf'k{k.k] izkslsflax vkSj izksMD'ku] fiztosaZ'ku] ejhu dYpj] fQ'k QkeZ] dkWjiksjsV lsDVj] us'kuykbt vkSj izkbosV cSadksa esa vusdksa inksa ij fu;qfä izkIr dh tk ldrh gSA ;fn dksbZ Lo&jkstxkj djuk pkgrk gS rks ljdkjh ,oa xSj&ljdkjh cSadksa ls yksu vklkuh ls fey tk,xkA eRL; foHkkx ds vkadM+ksa ds vuqlkj ;fn ,d gsDVs;j ds rkykc esa fefJr eRL; ikyu fd;k tk; rks eRL; ikyu ij 18 gtkj #i;s dk lkykuk [kpZ vk,xkA rkykc lq/kkj o izFke o"khZ; mRiknu fuos'kksa gsrq fy;s x;s _.k dh fd'r 10 gtkj #i;s dk Hkqxrku Hkh ;fn [kpZ esa 'kkfey fd;k tk; rks dqy okf"kZd O;; 28 gtkj

#i;s gksxkA ,d gsDVs;j ls rhu gtkj fdyks eRL; mRiknu gksxk] ftlls 54 gtkj #i;s dh vk; laHko gSA bl vk; esa ls okf"kZd O;; 28 gtkj #i;s ?kVkus ds ckn 26 gtkj #i;s dk 'kq) ykHk vftZr gksxkA eNyh ikyu ds lkFk&lkFk ;fn cr[k ikyu] 'kwdj ikyu Hkh fd;k tk; rFkk rkykc ds ca/kksa ij dsys] iihrs ,oa vU; o`{kksa dks yxk fn;k tk; rks vfrfjä vk; izkIr dh tk ldrh gSA

eRL;ikyu xzkeh.k {ks=ksa esa de le;] de Je] vkSj de ykxr esa vf/kd ykHk nsus okyk O;olk; gSA blds fy, cktkj dh dksbZ leL;k ugha gSaA gj fdLe dh eNyh dks vklkuh ls cktkj fey tkrk gS] bl dkj.k ?kkVs dh laHkkouk cgqr de gksrh gSA eRL; mRiknu ls 3 ekg esa 45]000 #i, dh vkenuh gks ldrh gS] tks vU; dbZ O;olk;ksa dh rqyuk esa dgha T;knk gS] fygktk ;g ,d vPNk Lo&jkstxkj gSA

dHkh eNyh ikyu ;k mlls tqM+k O;olk; eNqvkjksa rd gh lhfer Fkk] ysfdu vkt ;g y/kq m|ksx cu pqdk gSA eNyh ds mHkjrs cktkj dks ns[krs gq, fQ'kjh dYpj ds {ks= esa dbZ eYVhus'kuy dEifu;ka mrj vkbZ gSa] blfy, vc bl {ks= esa izf'kf{kr yksxksa dh vf/kd vko';drk gSA cktkj esa eNyh dh c<+rh ekax dks ns[krs gq, eRL; ikyu ds {ks= dks vkSj fodflr fd, tkus dh vko';drk gSA

lD;k djuk gksxk eRL; ikyu izkjHHk djus ds fy,\

eRL; ikyu ds bPNqd O;fä dks viuh Hkwfe esa rkykc cukus gsrq dqN ljdkjh izfØ;kvksa ls xqtjuk gksrk gSA

lftl Hkwfe esa rkykc cukuk gS] mldh tkudkjh lacaf/kr foHkkx dks nsukA

lbl vk'k; dk 'kiFk&i= nsuk gksrk gS fd og csjkstxkj gS rFkk eRL; ikyu ds fy, vU; dgha ls Hkh dksbZ _.k ;k vuqnku ugha fy;k gSA

leRL; ikyd o eRL; fdlku vkSj fodkl ,tsalh ds chp lgefrA

foKku ifjppkZ o"kZ 2] vad 3 tuojh&ekpZ 2012

lizf'k{k.k izek.k i=A

eNyh ikyu dk eq[; mÌs'; csjkstxkj 'kgjh vkSj xzkeh.k yksxksa dks bldk izf'k{k.k nsdj mudks jkstxkj eqgS;k djkuk gSA izf'kf{kr yksxksa dks xzke iapk;r ls rkykc iÍs ij fnykdj ;k viuh csdkj iM+h futh Hkwfe esa rkykc cukdj eNyh ikyu djokuk gS] tks ,d ljy Lojkstxkj gSA

lfdlds fy, gksxk ykHkdkjh\

eNyh ikyu mu yksxksa ds fy, ykHknk;d gks ldrk gS] ftuds ikl izpqj ek=k esa tehu gSA eNyh ikyu ds fy, dqN phtsa t:jh gSaA igyk ekSle] nwljk feÍh vkSj rhljk Hkjiwj ek=k esa ikuhA bu rhuksa ds fcuk eNyh ikyu dh dYiuk djuk csdkj gSA eNyh ikyu ds fy, lcls egRoiw.kZ gS rkykc] ftldk p;u djrs le; ;g /;ku j[kuk pkfg, fd ikuh dk lzksr rkykc ds ikl esa gks] rkfd t:jr iM+us ij mls Hkjk tk ldsA blfy, ikuh esa gksus okys ikS/kksa ls jfgr nkseV feÍh okys rkykc dk p;u djuk pkfg,A ljdkj dh rjQ ls le;&le; ij eRL; ikyu dh Vsªfuax nh tkrh gSA vkt ns'k esa yxHkx 50 yk[k ifjokj dsoy eNyh ikyu ls viuh vkthfodk pyk jgs gSA eNyh ikyu blfy, ykHk dk dke gS] D;ksafd blesa de le; esa T;knk iSlk dek;k tk ldrk gSA vHkh ns'k esa T;knkrj eNyh ikyu ijEijkxr rjhds ls gks jgk gS] blfy, vHkh mruk eRL; mRiknu ugha gks ik jgk gSA vxj eRL; ikyu oSKkfud fof/k ls fd;k tk, rks blls dgha vf/kd ykHk dek;k tk ldrk gSA ftl rkykc esa eRL; ikyu djus dh ;kstuk cukbZ tk;s] mldh xgjkbZ de ls de 5 QqV gksuh pkfg,A eNyh ikyu 'kq: djus ls igys bldh Hkjiwj Vsªfuax dh vko';drk gksrh gS rkfd eNyh ikyu ls tqM+h ,d&,d tkudkjh gksA gkykafd lHkh jkT; ljdkjksa us vius ;gka eRL; ikyu dk foHkkx [kksyk gS] ysfdu mlds ckotwn bl {ks= esa vHkh cgqr dqN fd;k tkuk ckdh gSA

l_.k lqfo/kk %

vkerkSj ij eNyh ds Hkkstu o cht vkfn ds fy, 30]000 #i;s dk cSad yksu vkSj ml ij 20% dh lfClMh nh tkrh gSaA blds vykok rkykc cuokus] rkykc dh xgjkbZ c<+okus] ca/k cuokus rFkk vkmVysV] buysV vkfn cuokus ds fy, 60]000 #i;s izfr gsD;sVj ij cSad _.k fnyok;k tkrk gS rFkk ml ij Hkh 20% dh lfClMh nh tkrh gSA rkykc lq/kkj dk;Z gsrq eRL; ikyd fodkl vfHkdj.kksa }kjk cSadksa ls _.k miyC/k djk;k tkrk gS] ftldh vf/kdre lhek 32]000 #i, izfr gsDVs;j gS rFkk bl _.k ij 25% ljdkjh vuqnku Hkh gSA

igys o"kZ esa eRL; ikyu izkjEHk djus ds fy, fuos'k gsrq 16]000 #i;s izfr gsDVs;j dh lhek rd cSad _.k ij 25% ljdkjh vuqnku fn;k tkrk gSA u;s rkykcksa ds fuekZ.k ds lEcU/k esa ,d yk[k #i, izfr gsDVs;j dh nj ls cSad _.k miyC/k djk;s tkus dh O;oLFkk gS rFkk bl _.k ij 20]000 #i;s dh ljdkjh lfClMh nh tkrh gSA

vuqlwfpr tutkfr ds eRL; ikydksa dks vuqnku lgk;rk 25&50% rd miyC/k djkbZ tkrh gSA

lrduhdh Kku izkIr djus ds fy, f'k{kk%

eRL; ikyu ds {ks= esa 'kkWVZ VeZ dkslZ] fQ'k dYpj rFkk fQ'k izkslsflax vkfn ikB~;Øe fofHkUu laLFkkuksa }kjk pyk, tkrs gSaA vxj dksbZ ckjgoha d{kk ikl gSa rks og cspyj vkWQ lkbal bu fQ'kjh ¼ch-,Q-,l-lh-½ Hkh dj ldrs gSaA ch-,Q-,l-lh- djus ds ckn vklkuh ls ukSdjh fey tkrh gSA

lfVZfQdsV dkslZ ds fy, vH;FkhZ dks foKku fo"k; ls Lukrd gksuk pkfg,A fMIyksek dsoy ,d o"kZ dk gksrk gSA blds vykok vke fdlkuksa ds fy, dsanz vkSj jkT; ljdkjksa ds eRL; ikyu foHkkx lky esa dbZ ckj NksVs&NksVs izf'k{k.k dk;ZØe pykrs gSaA fQ'kjh dYpj esa izos'k gsrq ck;ksykWth esa U;wure 55 Qhlnh vad ds lkFk ckjgoha ikl gksuk vko';d gSA

lizeq[k laLFkku tgk¡ ls eNyh fo"k; ;k eRL; ikyu esa f'k{kk izkIr dj ;k rks ukSdjh dh tk ldrh gS ;k Lojkstxkj LFkkfir fd;k tk ldrk gS %

1- th-ch- iar ;wfuoflZVh vkQ ,xzhdYpj ,aM VsDuksykWth] iaruxjA

2- cjdrqYyk ;wfuoflZVh] gks'kaxkckn jksM] HkksikyA

3- jktLFkku d`f"k fo'ofo|ky;A

4- xqtjkr ,xzhdYpj ;wfuoflZVh] dkWyst vkQ fQ'kjht] osjkoyA

5- lsaVªy bafLVV;wV vkWQ fQ'kjh ,twds'ku] eqEcbZA

6- dkWyst vkWQ fQ'kjht+] eaxykSjA

7- dkWyst vkWQ fQ'kjht+] dksfPp ¼dsjy½A

8- dkWyst vkWQ fQ'kjht+] jRukfxjh] dksad.k d`f"k fo|kihB] egkjk"VªA

9- dkWyst vkWQ fQ'kjht+] xksikyiqj ¼mM+hlk½A

10- dkWyst vkQ fQ'kjht+] V;wVhdksfju] rfeyukMw d`f"k fo0fo0] dks,EcVwjA

11- dkWyst vkQ fQ'kjht+] jksgk ¼vle½A

12- mRdy fo0fo0] ok.kh fogkj] Hkqous'ojA

vkb;s! ^uhyh Ø¡kfr* dks lQy cuk,¡A fo'ks"kr % mÙkjk[k.M ds fuoklh bl {ks= esa vHkwriwoZ ;ksxnku ns ldrs gSa vkSj jkst+xkj izkIr djus dh gksM+ esa igkM+ksa ls iyk;u dks jksd ldrs gSaA fdlh us Bhd gh dgk gS] fd ^Øk¡fr* ,d fnu esa ugha gksrh] pkgs og lkekftd Ø¡kfr gks ;k ^gfjr* ;k ^uhyh*A vko';drk gS rks n`<+ fu'p;] dfBu ifjJe o viuh /kjrh ls izse dhA

,lksfl,V izks0 ¼ls0fu0½]izk.kh foKku foHkkx] Mh0 ch0 ,l0

egkfo|ky;] nsgjknwu

lfpo] Hkkjrh; foKku ys[kd la/kmÙkjk[k.M izHkkx

2524

^us'kuy fjlpZ lsUVj vkWu dksYMokVj fQ'kjht* ls oSKkfud lykg ysdj] viuk ldsa vkSj ,d vPNh vk; dk lzksr cuk ldsA

^egklhj*] mÙkjk[k.M {ks= dh ,d vU; egRoiw.kZ eNyh gSA ,d le; Fkk tc 30&40 fdyks xk0 dh egklhj xaxk unh esa fey tk;k djrh FkhA vkt 2 fd0 ls vf/kd dh ,d eNyh idM+ ysuk cM+s lkSHkkX; dh ckr gksrh gSA ftu eNfy;ksa dks ge lHkh us xaxk esa vkVs dh xksfy;k¡ f[kykrs ns[kk gS] os ;gh ^egklhj* gksrh gSaA ^egklhj* blfy,] fd buds 'kjhj ij cM+s&cM+s 'kYd ¼Ldsy½ gksrs gSaA ufn;ksa ij euq"; }kjk vuf/kdkj ps"Vk ds dkj.k ^egklhj* dh nqnZ'kk ds ckj esa vk;s fnu oSKkfud vius 'kks/k ifj.kke o vk[;k,¡ nsrs jgrs gSaA gY}kuh fLFkr 'kks/k dsUnz us buds lao/kZu ds cgqr ls lQy iz;ksx fd;s gSaA dqek¡Å ds ukSdqfp;krky o lÙkky( th0 ch0 iar fo'ofo|ky;] iaruxj vkfn us Hkh ^egklhj* lao/kZu ds iz;kl fd;s gSaA nsgjknwu ft+ys esa ^csarokyh eaMh* ¼fodkluxj ds ikl½ esa egklhj lao/kZu dk iz;kl vlQy jgkA fVgjh ds ^pEck* o ^lriqyh* es Hkh iz;kl rks fd;s x;s ijUrq vk'kkrhr lQyrk ugha feyhA dqy feykdj x<+oky esa ^egklhj* lao/kZu dks og lQyrk u fey ldh ftldh vis{kk dh tkrh jghA blh dkj.k uoha iapo"khZ; ;kstuk ¼1997&2002½ esa 2 djksM+ ctV dk izko/kku Hkh fd;k x;k FkkA

lfons'kh ewy dh BaMs ty okyh eNfy;k¡ %

1- jsucks VªkÅV ¼vk¡dksfjadl ehfdl½ ¼fp= 13½A

2- czkÅu VªkÅV ¼lkeks VªwVk Qsfj;ks½ ¼fp= 14½A

Hkkjr esa ^VªkÅV* lao/kZu dk bfrgkl cgqr iqjkuk gSA ;wjksi ewy dh ^VªkÅV* dks loZizFke 1863&1869 esa ^uhyfxjh* ¼rfeyukMw½ esa yk;k x;k FkkA fgeky; {ks= esa] ,d dkyhu O;kikjh ,Q0 ts0 fe'ksy us Jhuxj ¼d'ehj½ ds gjok¡ esa VªkÅV lao/kZu ds iz;kl ¼1899&1900½ fd;s FksA x<+oky esa ^VªkÅV* mRiknu

dk iz;kl 1910 esa rc fd;k x;k] tc Vhgjh ds 'kkld us ^dYn;kuh* ¼mÙkjdk'kh½ o ^rYokjh* ¼peksyh½ gSpjh ds fy, d'ehj ls VªkÅV ds vaMs izkIr fd;s FksA ijUrq rduhdh tkudkjh ds vHkko esa vf/kd lQyrk izkIr u gks ldhA 1978 ls mÙkjdk'kh eRL; foHkkx dh ns[k js[k esa mDr LFkkuksa ij VªkÅV lao/kZu dk;ZØe pyk;k tk jgk gS vkSj ogk¡ ls eNfy;ksa dks HkkxhjFkh o vlhxaxk esa NksM+ dj mudh la[;k esa o`f) djus dk iz;kl fd;k tkrk gSA blds vfrfjDr rfeyukMw ds dksM+kbdsuky ¼1894½] fgekpy ds dqYyw o dk¡xM+k ¼1909½] dsjy ds Vªkoudksj ¼1909½ vkfn esa VªkÅV lao/kZu ds iz;kl fd;s x;sA yxHkx 149 o"kksZa iwoZ ^VªkÅV* mRiknu dk dk;Z izkjEHk gqvk] ijUrq fgekpy ds dVjsu o d'ehj ds dksdjukx ds mRlkgo/kZd mRiknu vkadM+ksa ds vfrfjDr vkSj dgha Hkh ^VªkÅV* mRiknu vis{kkuq#i izxfr u dj ldkA

Lojkstxkj lEHkkouk,¡ %

dqy feykdj jktdh; Lrj ij eNyh&ikyu ds vfrfjDr] Lojkst+xkj ds #i esa eNfy;ksa dk mRiknu dj viuh vkfFkZd fLFkfr dks et+cwr fd;k tk ldrk gSA

[kkus ds lkFk&lkFk C;wVh izksMDV~l vkSj nokb;ksa ds {ks= esa eNyh dh mi;ksfxrk dks ns[krs gq, bl lsDVj esa vikj lEHkkouk,¡ gSaA f'k{k.k&izf'k{k.k] izkslsflax vkSj izksMD'ku] fiztosaZ'ku] ejhu dYpj] fQ'k QkeZ] dkWjiksjsV lsDVj] us'kuykbt vkSj izkbosV cSadksa esa vusdksa inksa ij fu;qfä izkIr dh tk ldrh gSA ;fn dksbZ Lo&jkstxkj djuk pkgrk gS rks ljdkjh ,oa xSj&ljdkjh cSadksa ls yksu vklkuh ls fey tk,xkA eRL; foHkkx ds vkadM+ksa ds vuqlkj ;fn ,d gsDVs;j ds rkykc esa fefJr eRL; ikyu fd;k tk; rks eRL; ikyu ij 18 gtkj #i;s dk lkykuk [kpZ vk,xkA rkykc lq/kkj o izFke o"khZ; mRiknu fuos'kksa gsrq fy;s x;s _.k dh fd'r 10 gtkj #i;s dk Hkqxrku Hkh ;fn [kpZ esa 'kkfey fd;k tk; rks dqy okf"kZd O;; 28 gtkj

#i;s gksxkA ,d gsDVs;j ls rhu gtkj fdyks eRL; mRiknu gksxk] ftlls 54 gtkj #i;s dh vk; laHko gSA bl vk; esa ls okf"kZd O;; 28 gtkj #i;s ?kVkus ds ckn 26 gtkj #i;s dk 'kq) ykHk vftZr gksxkA eNyh ikyu ds lkFk&lkFk ;fn cr[k ikyu] 'kwdj ikyu Hkh fd;k tk; rFkk rkykc ds ca/kksa ij dsys] iihrs ,oa vU; o`{kksa dks yxk fn;k tk; rks vfrfjä vk; izkIr dh tk ldrh gSA

eRL;ikyu xzkeh.k {ks=ksa esa de le;] de Je] vkSj de ykxr esa vf/kd ykHk nsus okyk O;olk; gSA blds fy, cktkj dh dksbZ leL;k ugha gSaA gj fdLe dh eNyh dks vklkuh ls cktkj fey tkrk gS] bl dkj.k ?kkVs dh laHkkouk cgqr de gksrh gSA eRL; mRiknu ls 3 ekg esa 45]000 #i, dh vkenuh gks ldrh gS] tks vU; dbZ O;olk;ksa dh rqyuk esa dgha T;knk gS] fygktk ;g ,d vPNk Lo&jkstxkj gSA

dHkh eNyh ikyu ;k mlls tqM+k O;olk; eNqvkjksa rd gh lhfer Fkk] ysfdu vkt ;g y/kq m|ksx cu pqdk gSA eNyh ds mHkjrs cktkj dks ns[krs gq, fQ'kjh dYpj ds {ks= esa dbZ eYVhus'kuy dEifu;ka mrj vkbZ gSa] blfy, vc bl {ks= esa izf'kf{kr yksxksa dh vf/kd vko';drk gSA cktkj esa eNyh dh c<+rh ekax dks ns[krs gq, eRL; ikyu ds {ks= dks vkSj fodflr fd, tkus dh vko';drk gSA

lD;k djuk gksxk eRL; ikyu izkjHHk djus ds fy,\

eRL; ikyu ds bPNqd O;fä dks viuh Hkwfe esa rkykc cukus gsrq dqN ljdkjh izfØ;kvksa ls xqtjuk gksrk gSA

lftl Hkwfe esa rkykc cukuk gS] mldh tkudkjh lacaf/kr foHkkx dks nsukA

lbl vk'k; dk 'kiFk&i= nsuk gksrk gS fd og csjkstxkj gS rFkk eRL; ikyu ds fy, vU; dgha ls Hkh dksbZ _.k ;k vuqnku ugha fy;k gSA

leRL; ikyd o eRL; fdlku vkSj fodkl ,tsalh ds chp lgefrA

foKku ifjppkZ o"kZ 2] vad 3 tuojh&ekpZ 2012

lizf'k{k.k izek.k i=A

eNyh ikyu dk eq[; mÌs'; csjkstxkj 'kgjh vkSj xzkeh.k yksxksa dks bldk izf'k{k.k nsdj mudks jkstxkj eqgS;k djkuk gSA izf'kf{kr yksxksa dks xzke iapk;r ls rkykc iÍs ij fnykdj ;k viuh csdkj iM+h futh Hkwfe esa rkykc cukdj eNyh ikyu djokuk gS] tks ,d ljy Lojkstxkj gSA

lfdlds fy, gksxk ykHkdkjh\

eNyh ikyu mu yksxksa ds fy, ykHknk;d gks ldrk gS] ftuds ikl izpqj ek=k esa tehu gSA eNyh ikyu ds fy, dqN phtsa t:jh gSaA igyk ekSle] nwljk feÍh vkSj rhljk Hkjiwj ek=k esa ikuhA bu rhuksa ds fcuk eNyh ikyu dh dYiuk djuk csdkj gSA eNyh ikyu ds fy, lcls egRoiw.kZ gS rkykc] ftldk p;u djrs le; ;g /;ku j[kuk pkfg, fd ikuh dk lzksr rkykc ds ikl esa gks] rkfd t:jr iM+us ij mls Hkjk tk ldsA blfy, ikuh esa gksus okys ikS/kksa ls jfgr nkseV feÍh okys rkykc dk p;u djuk pkfg,A ljdkj dh rjQ ls le;&le; ij eRL; ikyu dh Vsªfuax nh tkrh gSA vkt ns'k esa yxHkx 50 yk[k ifjokj dsoy eNyh ikyu ls viuh vkthfodk pyk jgs gSA eNyh ikyu blfy, ykHk dk dke gS] D;ksafd blesa de le; esa T;knk iSlk dek;k tk ldrk gSA vHkh ns'k esa T;knkrj eNyh ikyu ijEijkxr rjhds ls gks jgk gS] blfy, vHkh mruk eRL; mRiknu ugha gks ik jgk gSA vxj eRL; ikyu oSKkfud fof/k ls fd;k tk, rks blls dgha vf/kd ykHk dek;k tk ldrk gSA ftl rkykc esa eRL; ikyu djus dh ;kstuk cukbZ tk;s] mldh xgjkbZ de ls de 5 QqV gksuh pkfg,A eNyh ikyu 'kq: djus ls igys bldh Hkjiwj Vsªfuax dh vko';drk gksrh gS rkfd eNyh ikyu ls tqM+h ,d&,d tkudkjh gksA gkykafd lHkh jkT; ljdkjksa us vius ;gka eRL; ikyu dk foHkkx [kksyk gS] ysfdu mlds ckotwn bl {ks= esa vHkh cgqr dqN fd;k tkuk ckdh gSA

l_.k lqfo/kk %

vkerkSj ij eNyh ds Hkkstu o cht vkfn ds fy, 30]000 #i;s dk cSad yksu vkSj ml ij 20% dh lfClMh nh tkrh gSaA blds vykok rkykc cuokus] rkykc dh xgjkbZ c<+okus] ca/k cuokus rFkk vkmVysV] buysV vkfn cuokus ds fy, 60]000 #i;s izfr gsD;sVj ij cSad _.k fnyok;k tkrk gS rFkk ml ij Hkh 20% dh lfClMh nh tkrh gSA rkykc lq/kkj dk;Z gsrq eRL; ikyd fodkl vfHkdj.kksa }kjk cSadksa ls _.k miyC/k djk;k tkrk gS] ftldh vf/kdre lhek 32]000 #i, izfr gsDVs;j gS rFkk bl _.k ij 25% ljdkjh vuqnku Hkh gSA

igys o"kZ esa eRL; ikyu izkjEHk djus ds fy, fuos'k gsrq 16]000 #i;s izfr gsDVs;j dh lhek rd cSad _.k ij 25% ljdkjh vuqnku fn;k tkrk gSA u;s rkykcksa ds fuekZ.k ds lEcU/k esa ,d yk[k #i, izfr gsDVs;j dh nj ls cSad _.k miyC/k djk;s tkus dh O;oLFkk gS rFkk bl _.k ij 20]000 #i;s dh ljdkjh lfClMh nh tkrh gSA

vuqlwfpr tutkfr ds eRL; ikydksa dks vuqnku lgk;rk 25&50% rd miyC/k djkbZ tkrh gSA

lrduhdh Kku izkIr djus ds fy, f'k{kk%

eRL; ikyu ds {ks= esa 'kkWVZ VeZ dkslZ] fQ'k dYpj rFkk fQ'k izkslsflax vkfn ikB~;Øe fofHkUu laLFkkuksa }kjk pyk, tkrs gSaA vxj dksbZ ckjgoha d{kk ikl gSa rks og cspyj vkWQ lkbal bu fQ'kjh ¼ch-,Q-,l-lh-½ Hkh dj ldrs gSaA ch-,Q-,l-lh- djus ds ckn vklkuh ls ukSdjh fey tkrh gSA

lfVZfQdsV dkslZ ds fy, vH;FkhZ dks foKku fo"k; ls Lukrd gksuk pkfg,A fMIyksek dsoy ,d o"kZ dk gksrk gSA blds vykok vke fdlkuksa ds fy, dsanz vkSj jkT; ljdkjksa ds eRL; ikyu foHkkx lky esa dbZ ckj NksVs&NksVs izf'k{k.k dk;ZØe pykrs gSaA fQ'kjh dYpj esa izos'k gsrq ck;ksykWth esa U;wure 55 Qhlnh vad ds lkFk ckjgoha ikl gksuk vko';d gSA

lizeq[k laLFkku tgk¡ ls eNyh fo"k; ;k eRL; ikyu esa f'k{kk izkIr dj ;k rks ukSdjh dh tk ldrh gS ;k Lojkstxkj LFkkfir fd;k tk ldrk gS %

1- th-ch- iar ;wfuoflZVh vkQ ,xzhdYpj ,aM VsDuksykWth] iaruxjA

2- cjdrqYyk ;wfuoflZVh] gks'kaxkckn jksM] HkksikyA

3- jktLFkku d`f"k fo'ofo|ky;A

4- xqtjkr ,xzhdYpj ;wfuoflZVh] dkWyst vkQ fQ'kjht] osjkoyA

5- lsaVªy bafLVV;wV vkWQ fQ'kjh ,twds'ku] eqEcbZA

6- dkWyst vkWQ fQ'kjht+] eaxykSjA

7- dkWyst vkWQ fQ'kjht+] dksfPp ¼dsjy½A

8- dkWyst vkWQ fQ'kjht+] jRukfxjh] dksad.k d`f"k fo|kihB] egkjk"VªA

9- dkWyst vkWQ fQ'kjht+] xksikyiqj ¼mM+hlk½A

10- dkWyst vkQ fQ'kjht+] V;wVhdksfju] rfeyukMw d`f"k fo0fo0] dks,EcVwjA

11- dkWyst vkQ fQ'kjht+] jksgk ¼vle½A

12- mRdy fo0fo0] ok.kh fogkj] Hkqous'ojA

vkb;s! ^uhyh Ø¡kfr* dks lQy cuk,¡A fo'ks"kr % mÙkjk[k.M ds fuoklh bl {ks= esa vHkwriwoZ ;ksxnku ns ldrs gSa vkSj jkst+xkj izkIr djus dh gksM+ esa igkM+ksa ls iyk;u dks jksd ldrs gSaA fdlh us Bhd gh dgk gS] fd ^Øk¡fr* ,d fnu esa ugha gksrh] pkgs og lkekftd Ø¡kfr gks ;k ^gfjr* ;k ^uhyh*A vko';drk gS rks n`<+ fu'p;] dfBu ifjJe o viuh /kjrh ls izse dhA

,lksfl,V izks0 ¼ls0fu0½]izk.kh foKku foHkkx] Mh0 ch0 ,l0

egkfo|ky;] nsgjknwu

lfpo] Hkkjrh; foKku ys[kd la/kmÙkjk[k.M izHkkx

26 27

foKku ifjppkZ o"kZ 2] vad 3 tuojh&ekpZ 2012

vc muds efLr"d ea s fopkj dk/aS k jgk Fkk fd iihrk iMs + ls uhps iFoh ij gh D;ka s fxjk\ bl dec[r iihrs us muds eu&efLr"d dks dNq bl rjg tdM+ fy;k fd jkr&fnu cl ,d gh fopkj Fkk] iihrk iMs + ls uhps D;ka s fxjk\ vc u [kku&s ihus dh l/q k&c/q k Fkh] u c<w s +ek&a cki dh fpUrk] u x#q vka s dk /;ku Fkk vkjS u i;sz lh dk LoIuA jkf= ds vyx&vyx igz jka s ea s ihirk iMs + ls uhps fxjrk vkjS vpkud funkz Hkxa gks tkrhA dNq le; ;ka s gh pyrk jgkA lglk ,d fnu tlS s lk{kkr nos h ljLorh mudh dye ij fojkteku gks xbZ gkAas

iihrk iMs + ls D;ka s fxjk\foKku O;ax

v'kksd dqekj nqcs

igyh leh{kk

mTtf;uh uxj ea s tgka egkdfo dkfynkl ^vfHkKku 'kkdUq rye*~ ^ekyfodkfXufe=e*~ vkjS ^e?s knrw e*~ tlS h dkyt;h jpuk,a iLz rrq dj pdq s g]aS ogk¡ bl fud"V jpuk dh fdlh n%q LoIu ea sgh dYiuk dh tk ldrh gAS y[s k i.w krZ ;k uhjl vkjS ?kkjs mckÅ gAS u blea s dkbs Z uk;d g]S u ukf;dk vkjS u gh [kyuk;dA dkfynkl us viuh jpukvka s ea s tgka iesz dh dkes y Hkkoukvka sdh ltho vfHkO;fDr dh gS ogha bl y[s k ea s fdlh ,ls s x#q Rokd"k.Z k uked :[ks fo"k; dk fp=.k gS ftldk eu dh dkes y Hkkoukvka s ls njw &njw rd dkbs Z ukrk ughAa y[s k dh Hkk"kk =fq Vi.w kZ gAS blea s u rks ukV;~ fo|k ds fl)kra ka s dk ikyu fd;k x;k gS vkjS u gh 'kCnka s dks lxa hr ds ljq ka s ea s ck/a kk tk ldrk gAS Hkk"kk ea s vyda kjka s dk loFZ kk vHkko gS & 'y"s k rks <<aw s ls ugha feyrkA u rks blea slekz V dh dhfrZ dk x.q kxku fd;k x;k gS vkjS u gh bldk tu&tu dh Hkkoukvka s ls dkbs Z ljkds kj gAS ikjS kf.kd dky ls ;g ,d lofZ ofnr rF; gS fd tks iFoh ij tUe yrs k gS og iFoh ea sgh lek tkrk gAS eka olUq ?kjk dh xkns ea svfa re 'kj.k yrs k gAS y[s k ea s iLz rrq fopkj ekfS yd ugha gS vkjS dYiuk'khyrk dk furka r vHkko gAS n[q k rks bl ckr dk gS fd foKku dk lgkjk yds j y[s kd us bea s viuh egku lH;rk vkjS lLa dfr ls njw djus dk i;z kl fd;k gS ftls ge dHkh lQy ugha gkus s nxas As

vra ea s y[s k ea s iFoh dk ftØ g]S ekyo Hkfw e dk ughAa pfaw d vkidh if=dk ÞekfS yd ekyo gS ekfS yd olUq ?kjkß ugha vr% y[s k dk if=dk ea s leko's k ugha fd;k tk ldrkA

gLrk{kj lfgR;kpk;Z ifa Mr l;w uZ kjk;.k mik/;k;] lLa dr ikB'kkyk] mTtf;uh

nwljh leh{kk

ikz phu _f"k&ekfq u lfn;ka s ls iihrs vkjS blds vk"S k/kh; x.q kka s ls Hkyh&Hkkfa r ifjfpr FkAs iihrs ds x.q kka s dk c[kku Þpjd&lfa grkß ea s Hkh dbZ LFkkuka s ij

fd;k x;k gAS euaS s Lo;a ljnnZ ls yds j iFkjh rd vuds jkxs ka s dh lQy fpfdRlk iihrs ls dh gAS vkidk Hkts k x;k y[s k tc e>q s ikz Ir gvq k rks ân; ;g tkudj iQz fq Yyr gks mBk fd vo'; gh bl y[s k ea s iihrs ds dNq u, i;z kxs

n'kk,Z x, gkxas s exj vR;ra {kkHs k vkjS Hkkjh eu ls lfw pr djuk iM+ jgk gS fd y[s k dk 'kh"kdZ Hkez kRs iknd gAS y[s k ea siihrs ds x.q k&nk"s k foops u dk loFZ kk vHkko gAS y[s kd dks bruk Hkh Kku ugha gS fd iihrs dk o{k ls fxjuk egRoi.w kZ ugha gAS egRoi.w kZ ;g gS fd fxjus ds i'pkr mldk mi;kxs D;k]as dlS s vkjS fdlds fy;s fd;k x;k gAS

vkidh yC?kifz rf"Br if=dk dh dhfrZ vkt nlka s fn'kkvka s ea s QyS pdq h gAS vkidh cfq )] vuFkd ifjJe vkjS Hkxoku egkdky dh dik ls ;g if=dk ftl mpa kbZ dks ikz Ir dj pdq h gS mlds n'kk'a k dk Hkh ;g y[s k gdnkj ugha gAS di;k bl y[s k dks viuh if=dk ea s idz kf'kr u djAas

gLrk{kjo|S Hk"w k.k vk;oq nZs kpk;Z i]a iHz knq ;ky O;kljkto|S ] mTtf;uh

rhljh leh{kk

tc Egkjs dks Fkkjh fpÍh feyh rks ;w ayxk fd ;s thou /kU; gks x;kA HkDr lnq kek dk tlS s Lo;a Hkxoku us Lej.k dj fy;kA eu dk dkjs &dkjs fdlh xnas s ds Qyw dh rjg f[ky mBkA bl los d dks ;kn djus ds fy;s 'kr&~ 'kr~ ueuA

ga w rks {kek pkgx¡w k ij ;s y[s k ftl ekul us fy[kk gs oks rks Egkjs dks xeuk lk ykxs gAS vHkh iihrk Hkfw e ij ugha fxjxs k rks D;k Fkkjs lj is fxjxs kA vkjS fQj D;ka s fxjk dk lh/kk&lknk tokc gS fd id x;k Fkk rks fxjk x;kA idus ds ckn rks vke] tkeuq ] 'kgrrw ] eMoq k] beyh lHkh fxjs g]aS fQj iihrk fxj x;k rks dkuS lk rQw ku vk x;kA

vly ea s Egkjs dks bl y[s k ea s fdlh xgjs "kM;~ =a dh cw vkos gAS y[s kd crkuk pkg fj;k gS fd jktdh; m|ku ea s Qy fxj&fxj ds lM+ fj;s ga S vkjS dkbs Z mudh n[s kHkky djus okyk ugha gAS vc redks D;k crkuk fd dlS s jkr&fnu ,d djds euaS s m|ku dh los k dh gAS lkjs Qy vkjS Qyw rks Egkjs cPps dh rjg gAaS ea S rks vkils gkFk tkMs d+ j fcurh d:a ga w fd Egkjh [kkfrj bl y[s k dks viuh if=dk ea s er Nki nhtkAs

gLrk{kjHkjS kes y Hkh[kew yiez [q k ekyh] jktdh; m|ku

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oSKkfudokfM+;k fgeky; HkwfoKku laLFkku

nsgjknwu

ifa Mr jk/koYyHk proq nZs h ds liq =q fpjta ho cVdq 'kda j dk ân; ml fnu ikz r% ls gh v'kkra FkkA thou eas leLr l[q k&lfq o/kk,a FkhAa lfyy&ikouh f{kikz unh ds rV ij fo'kky ikz lkn FkkA lkna hifu vkJe eas mPp f'k{kk py jgh FkhA jktk ohj foØekfnR; ds l'q kklu vkjS U;k; dh dhfrZ rhukas ykds kas eas QyS pdq h FkhA b'Z oj dh vudq ia k ls lia .w kZ ekyo inz 's k /ku&/kkU; ls ygygk jgk FkkA fQj fpja tho dks ,ls h D;k ij's kkuh vku iMh+ FkhA dHkh vkJe ds fo'kky d.q M dh lhf<;+ kas ij cBS rs rks dHkh fdlh vkeoz {k dh Nk;k rys vkr&s tkrs jFkkjkgs h jkT;i#q "kkas dks fugkjrAs eu b/kj ls m/kj HkVd jgk FkkA dHkh f{kikz eas tyØhMk+ djrh fd'kkfs j;kas dk /;ku vkrk rks dHkh ;g fopkj fd njckj ds uojRukas eas lfgR;kpk;Z ls yds j T;kfs r"kkpk;Z rd lHkh gaS exj dkbs Z oKS kfud D;kas ugh\a lglk Qpkd dh ,d tkjs nkj vkokt vkbZ vkjS lehi gh ,d o{k ls iihrk VVw dj uhps fxj iMk+ A iihrs ds lkFk gh fpja tho dh rna kz Hkh VVw xbAZ

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ckcw f'koilz kn xk;s y dk Kku ds ipz kj&ilz kj ls i'q ruS h lca /a k FkkA muds nknk Jh egkdky's oj efa nj ds lkeus cjxn ds ,d fo'kky o{k ds uhps pknj fcNkdj iLq rdka s dh ,d ndq ku yxkrs FkAs ftl rjg Hkxoku f'ko dk lca /a k

'k"s k'kk;h fo".kq ls yds j Hkrw &fi'kkp rd lHkh ls Fkk] mlh rjg mudh ndq ku ij Þf'ko&Lrfq rß vkjS Þgjrkfydk rht orz dFkkß ls yds j ÞfdLlk rkrs k&eyS k dkß vkjS ÞfdLlk&,&gkrerkbßZ rd lHkh rjg dk lkfgR; fo|eku FkkA firkth us tc idz k'ku ds {k=s ea s dne j[kk rks igys idz k'ku ls gh /kew epk nhA bl idz k'ku ea s dls j vkjS cknke ;Dq r Hkkxa dh B.MkbZ cukus dh fof/k vkjS blds x.q k&nk"s kka s dk foLrr foops u fd;k x;k FkkA ckcw f'koilz kn us blh [kkunkuh ijia jk dks vkxs c<k+ us dh dle [kk j[kh FkhA

ckctw h us y[s k ij ,d mpVrh lh utj Mkyh vkjS viuh if=dk ds milia knd ifa Mr Hkkys 's kda j f}ons h dks vkokt yxkbAZ tlS s fd ijq kuh ija ijk pyh vkbZ gS ckctw h fn'kk&fun'Zs k nrs s Fks vkjS ifa Mr th mldk v{kj'k% ikyu djrs FkAs ;gh mudh fu;fr Fkh vkjS blh ea s mudh HkykbZ HkhA ifa Mr th dks rRdky y[s k ds foops u grs q rhu fo)r~ tuka s dh jk; yus s dk vkn's k fn;k x;kA

vxys fnu ikz r% cxy ea s ikFs kh nck, ifa Mr th us ckctw h ds }kj ij nLrd nhA nLrd dh rhorz k ls mudh mÙkts uk dh vuHq kfw r egllw djuk n"q dj dk;Z ugha FkkA Þckctw h! y[s k ea s rks Økfa rdkjh fopkj gAaS rjq Ur gh rhu jFkka s dh O;oLFkk djus dh dik djAas igyk jFk d'ehj inz 's k tk,xk] nlw jk cxa inz 's k vkjS rhljk nf{k.k inz 's kA ogka ds fo)r~ tuka s dh jk; yus s ds i'pkr blds 'kh?kz idz k'ku dh O;oLFkk djuh gkxs hAß ckr [kRe gkus s ls iow Z gh ckctw h lkjk ektjk Hkkia pdq s FkAs mUgkuas s p{kq [kksydj dNq bl rjg ls nf"Vikr fd;k ekuks ifa Mr th dks og ogha viuh Øk/s kkfXu ea s HkLe dj nxas As ÞfiNys vBkjg lky ls gekjs lkFk dke dj jgs gks exj O;kikj dk ddgjk i<u+ k Hkh ugha lh[kAs rEq gkjk cl pys rks gekjs idz k'ku lLa Fkku dh yfq V;k Mcq ks nkAs ß ifa Mr th dks mUgkuas s rjq ra pyrk fd;kA vius ,d nlw js fo'oluh; los d dks cyq k;k vkjS y[s k dh rhu ifz r;ka rhu ifz rf"Br tuka s dks Hkts us dh O;oLFkk dhA igyh ifz r LFkkuh; lLa dr ikB'kkyk ds

ikz pk;Z i-a l;w uZ kjk;.k mik/;k; dks Hkts h xbAZ nlw jh ifz r o|S Hk"w k.k iHz knq ;ky O;kl dks vkjS rhljh ifz r jktdh; m|ku ds iez [q k ekyh HkjS kes y Hkh[kew y dks Hkts h xbAZ dNq le; i'pkr y[s k dh foops u leh{kk,a ikz Ir gks xbZ ftUga s T;ka s dk R;ka s;gka iLz rrq fd;k tk jgk gAS

26 27

foKku ifjppkZ o"kZ 2] vad 3 tuojh&ekpZ 2012

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iihrk iMs + ls D;ka s fxjk\foKku O;ax

v'kksd dqekj nqcs

igyh leh{kk

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nwljh leh{kk

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gLrk{kjo|S Hk"w k.k vk;oq nZs kpk;Z i]a iHz knq ;ky O;kljkto|S ] mTtf;uh

rhljh leh{kk

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gLrk{kjHkjS kes y Hkh[kew yiez [q k ekyh] jktdh; m|ku

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oSKkfudokfM+;k fgeky; HkwfoKku laLFkku

nsgjknwu

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cVdq 'kda j th us ,d y[s k fy[kk vkjS mldk 'kh"kdZ fn;k] iihrk iMs + ls uhps D;ka s fxjk% x:q Rokd"k.Z k ds eyw Hkrw fl)kra A tc y[s k r;S kj gks x;k rks bls Nkius dh fpra k lokj gks xbAZ rkts rkM&+ i= ij ekjs i[a k dh lUq nj y[s kuh ls y[s k nkcs kjk fy[kk x;k vkjS ekfS yd ekyo ds e[q ; lia knd ckcw f'koilz kn xk;s y dks Hkts fn;k x;kA

ckcw f'koilz kn xk;s y dk Kku ds ipz kj&ilz kj ls i'q ruS h lca /a k FkkA muds nknk Jh egkdky's oj efa nj ds lkeus cjxn ds ,d fo'kky o{k ds uhps pknj fcNkdj iLq rdka s dh ,d ndq ku yxkrs FkAs ftl rjg Hkxoku f'ko dk lca /a k

'k"s k'kk;h fo".kq ls yds j Hkrw &fi'kkp rd lHkh ls Fkk] mlh rjg mudh ndq ku ij Þf'ko&Lrfq rß vkjS Þgjrkfydk rht orz dFkkß ls yds j ÞfdLlk rkrs k&eyS k dkß vkjS ÞfdLlk&,&gkrerkbßZ rd lHkh rjg dk lkfgR; fo|eku FkkA firkth us tc idz k'ku ds {k=s ea s dne j[kk rks igys idz k'ku ls gh /kew epk nhA bl idz k'ku ea s dls j vkjS cknke ;Dq r Hkkxa dh B.MkbZ cukus dh fof/k vkjS blds x.q k&nk"s kka s dk foLrr foops u fd;k x;k FkkA ckcw f'koilz kn us blh [kkunkuh ijia jk dks vkxs c<k+ us dh dle [kk j[kh FkhA

ckctw h us y[s k ij ,d mpVrh lh utj Mkyh vkjS viuh if=dk ds milia knd ifa Mr Hkkys 's kda j f}ons h dks vkokt yxkbAZ tlS s fd ijq kuh ija ijk pyh vkbZ gS ckctw h fn'kk&fun'Zs k nrs s Fks vkjS ifa Mr th mldk v{kj'k% ikyu djrs FkAs ;gh mudh fu;fr Fkh vkjS blh ea s mudh HkykbZ HkhA ifa Mr th dks rRdky y[s k ds foops u grs q rhu fo)r~ tuka s dh jk; yus s dk vkn's k fn;k x;kA

vxys fnu ikz r% cxy ea s ikFs kh nck, ifa Mr th us ckctw h ds }kj ij nLrd nhA nLrd dh rhorz k ls mudh mÙkts uk dh vuHq kfw r egllw djuk n"q dj dk;Z ugha FkkA Þckctw h! y[s k ea s rks Økfa rdkjh fopkj gAaS rjq Ur gh rhu jFkka s dh O;oLFkk djus dh dik djAas igyk jFk d'ehj inz 's k tk,xk] nlw jk cxa inz 's k vkjS rhljk nf{k.k inz 's kA ogka ds fo)r~ tuka s dh jk; yus s ds i'pkr blds 'kh?kz idz k'ku dh O;oLFkk djuh gkxs hAß ckr [kRe gkus s ls iow Z gh ckctw h lkjk ektjk Hkkia pdq s FkAs mUgkuas s p{kq [kksydj dNq bl rjg ls nf"Vikr fd;k ekuks ifa Mr th dks og ogha viuh Øk/s kkfXu ea s HkLe dj nxas As ÞfiNys vBkjg lky ls gekjs lkFk dke dj jgs gks exj O;kikj dk ddgjk i<u+ k Hkh ugha lh[kAs rEq gkjk cl pys rks gekjs idz k'ku lLa Fkku dh yfq V;k Mcq ks nkAs ß ifa Mr th dks mUgkuas s rjq ra pyrk fd;kA vius ,d nlw js fo'oluh; los d dks cyq k;k vkjS y[s k dh rhu ifz r;ka rhu ifz rf"Br tuka s dks Hkts us dh O;oLFkk dhA igyh ifz r LFkkuh; lLa dr ikB'kkyk ds

ikz pk;Z i-a l;w uZ kjk;.k mik/;k; dks Hkts h xbAZ nlw jh ifz r o|S Hk"w k.k iHz knq ;ky O;kl dks vkjS rhljh ifz r jktdh; m|ku ds iez [q k ekyh HkjS kes y Hkh[kew y dks Hkts h xbAZ dNq le; i'pkr y[s k dh foops u leh{kk,a ikz Ir gks xbZ ftUga s T;ka s dk R;ka s;gka iLz rrq fd;k tk jgk gAS

28

=fq Vi.w kZ lek/kku crkrk gS fd ;g jkLrk gekjh efa ty dh vkjs ugha tkrk yfs du ,d u;k jkLrk rks irk yx gh tkrk gAS yfs du dbZ ckj tks u;k jkLrk gkrs k gS ge mldk vkHkkl ugha dj ikrs D;kfas d gekjk /;ku =fq V ij gkrs k g]S blds mi;kxs ij ugha gkrs k g]S blfy, =fq V;ka s dk voykds u o fo'y"s k.k vko';d gAS

dksbZ Hkh O;fDr tkucw> dj =qfV ugha djuk pkgrk ysfdu fQj Hkh =qfV;k¡ gks tkrh gSaA O;fDr vius dk;Z dks lQyrk ds lkFk lEiUu djuk pkgrk gS ysfdu ges'kk ,slk ugha gksrk gSA dbZ ckj =qfV gksus ij ge vius vkidks dkslrs gSa fd gels =qfV D;ksa gqbZ ;k D;ksa gks jgh gS\ lc dqN Bhd ls D;ksa ugha gks jgk bR;kfn&bR;kfnA =qfV;k¡ ijs'kku Hkh djrh gSa o >qa>ykgV Hkh ykrh gSaA dbZ ckj =qfV;k¡ gksrh gSA ^=qfV;k¡ cM+h f'k{kd gSa tks gesa fl[kkrh gSa fd dk;Z djus dk ;g jkLrk ugha gSA* D;k bl okD; esa ,d u;k jkLrk ughaa fNik yxrk gS\

l;a Dq r jkT; vefs jdk ea s fpfdRlh; =fq V;ka s dk v/;;u dj bls 1999 ea s;0w ,l0 bLa VhV;Vw vkQ efs Mflu }kjk lkotZ fud fd;k x;kA vxa tsz h dfo ,yXtMas j ikis us ,d ckj dgk fd dNq ykxs dHkh Hkh dNq Hkh ugha lh[k ikrs D;kfas d os lcdNq cgrq tYnh le> tkrs gAaS bl rjg lh[kus ds fy, vko';d gS fd ge =fq V;k¡ Lohdkjuk]

mudk voykds u djuk] muls lh[kuk le>a s vkjS vkiuk,A¡ fpfdRld bls cMk+ f'k{kd le>rs ga S ;g dbZ ckj u, mipkj ds jkLrs l>q krk gAS

ftKklq O;fDr vDlj =fq V djrk gAS OkKS kfud ije ftKklq gkrs s ga S tks ,d r; oKS kfud ifz Ø;k viukdj i;z kxs djrs gASa uohu [kkts djuk pkgrs gAaS bl nkjS ku muls =fq V;k¡ Hkh gkrs h gAaS

dNq =fq V;k¡ tks cMh+ oKS kfud [kkts ka s dk dkj.k cuh

foKku ifjppkZ o"kZ 2] vad 3 tuojh&ekpZ 2012

dqynhi xSjksyk

ij cDS Vhfj;k ugha Fks vFkkrZ QQnwa ds lEidZ ls cDS Vhfj;k Uk"V gks x, FkAs bl rjg ¶yfs exa dh bl =fq V ls ,UVhck;W kfs Vd nok iUS lhyhu dh [kkts gbq Z ftlus djkMs k+ a s ykxs ka s dh tku cpkbZ o vkxs ds mPp J.s kh ds ,UVhck;kfs Vd ds jkLrs l>q k,A

jlxqYyk20oha lnh ds ikz jEHk ea s jlxYq yk ugha FkkA Lokfn"V jlnkj jlxYq yk Hkh =fq V dh gh nus gAS dgk tkrk gS fd ,d feBkboZ kys xxa jw ke dh d<k+ bZ ds flji ea sdNq nXq /k lkexhz NVw xbAZ nlw js fnu mUgkuas s mls jl ea s Mcw s xkys s ds :i ea sik;kA tc bls p[kk rks Lokn mUga s cgrq vPNk yxkA fQj D;k Fkk\ ;g mUgkuas s vU; O;fDr;ka s dks Hkh f[kyk;k tks fd lHkh dks ilUn vk;k vkjS jlxYq yk ifz l) gks x;k vkjS xxa jw ke th y[kifr gks x,A

vkyw ds fpIlo"kZ 1853 ea s l;a Dq r jkT; vefs jdk ea sU;;w kdZ ds ;uw yds yktW dks ,d xkz gd Ýpas Ýkb & tks fd vkyw dh ryh gbq Z ZNMh+ lh gkrs h gS & mlds ?kj Hkts us dk vkMjZ fn;kA jLs Vkjs Us V ds jlkbs ;s us Ýpas ÝkbZ fHktokbZ rks xkz gd us okil Hkts h vkjS dgk fd ;s cgrq ekVs h gAS jlkbs ;s us fQj iryk dj fHktok;kA fQj Hkh xkz gd us dgk fd vHkh Hkh ;g ekVs h gAaS xLq ls ea s jlkbs ;s us vkyw ds dkxt tlS s irys Vdq M+ s+ dkVdj ÝkbZ dj Hkts As xkz gd dks cgrq ila n vk x, vkjS mlus fQj blh dk vkMW jZ fn;k vkjS bl idz kj jlkbs ;s ds xLq ls us vkyw ds fpIl dks tUe fn;kA

fjady&Ýh VkbZ;g lVaS ybq lZ ds gjS h okVlZ dh [kkts gAS ,d ckj muds ,d LVus kxs kz Qj us muds Åij =fq V ls ikuh Mky fn;kA mUga s fdlh fof'k"V O;fDr ls eyq kdkr djuh FkhA tkus ls igys mudh deht ij ikuh fxj x;k ftls l[q kkus ij flyoV vk xbZ rFkk flyoVa s gVkus grs q ilsz djokuh iMh+ A mudh vkfFkdZ fLFkfr vPNh ugha Fkh fQj Hkh mUgkuas s le; ij igp¡q us ds fy, VDS lh yh ftlds Mkª boj us ,d flyoV iMh+ VkbZ iguh FkhA tYnhckth ea s Mkª boj VDS lh xyr jkLrs

oKS kfud ybq Z ik'pj us ,d ckj dgk fd dbZ cMs + vfo"dkj =fq Vo'k g,q vfo"dkj gAaS ;g ,d rjg ls =fq V;ka s ds mi;kxs ds mnkgj.k gAaS buea s ls dbZ rks cMs +m|e cu x, gAaS dNq vkfo"dkjka s dk o.kuZ bl ppkZ ds Øe ea s fd;k tk jgk gAS

dkuZ ¶ysDl&;g Mk0W tkuW dyS kxS dh [kkts gAS og fef'kxu luS Vs kfs j;e ea s MkDW Vj FkAs og ejhtka s grs q ik"s kdrRoka s ls Hkjijw 'kkdkgkjh Hkkts u dh ryk'k ea s FkAs og mcys xgs ¡ wds nkus jkys j ij Mky jgs FkAs xgs ¡ w ds nkus mNydj fxj tkrs FkAs bu nkuka sdks mUgkuas s jkys j ij nck;k rkfd bldh ijra s cuk ldAas yfs du os Qyw tkrs FkAs blh ls ijsz .kk yds j ckn ea s eDdh ij Hkh ,ls k gh i;z kxs fd;kA ifj.kkeLo:i ifz l) dkuZ ¶yDs l dh [kkts gbq AZ dyS kxW cnlz Z us dkuZ ¶yDs l dk O;kolkf;d mRiknu dj vkikj /ku dek;kA

ekbØksoso vksou1945 ea s ils hZ Li's kuj exs ukVkª uW ] oDS ;ew V;cw ij dk;Z dj jgs FkAs mUgkuas s ik;k fd bl nkjS ku muds tcs ea s j[kh VkQW h fi?ky tkrh gAS ;g dk;Z mUgkuas s ikidkuZ ds lkFk Hkh fd;k rks ik;k fd ikiW dkuZ eyq k;e gks jgk gS tlS k fd xeZ djus ij gkrs k gAS mUgkuas s n[s kk fd vkl&ikl xehZ dk dkbs Z lkz rs ugha gS fQj Hkh VkQW h tcs ea s fi?ky tkrh gAS fo'y"s k.k djus ij mUgkuas s ik;k fd vn'; fdj.kka s ds dkj.k og fi?ky jgh FkhA ;g okLro ea s ekbØks oos FkhA bl rjg fcuk vkx dk pYw gk vfLrRo ea svk;kA bl idz kj tcs ea s VkQW h ;k d.S Mh j[kus dh =fq V ls ekbØkos os vkos u dk vfo"dkj gvq kA

isUlhfyuiUs lhfyu ,d ,Va hck;kfs Vd gS tks fd ,yDs t.s Mj ¶yfs exa dh [kkts gAS o"kZ 1928 ea s ¶yfs exa ,d ckj iVS hª fM'k ea sdNq cfS DVfj;k dk v/;;u dj jgs FkAs i;z kxs ds ckn og fcuk mls lkQ fd, i;z kxs 'kkyk NkMs d+ j pys x,A ,d lIrkg ckn ykVS dj n[s kk fd iVS hª fM'k ds vklikl QQnwa inS k gks xbZ gS vkjS ik;k fd tgk&¡ tgk¡ ij QQnwa ektS nw Fkh ogk¡

ij ys x;k vkjS okilh dh gMc+ Mh+ ea sn?q kVuZ k gks xbZ ftlea s okVlZ dks pkVs yx xbAZ tc mUgs as vLirky ea s vkiW j's ku ds fy, cgs k's kh dh nok nh xbZ rks cgs k's kh ls igys mUgkuas s n[s kk fd muds fy, yk;k x;k jcM+ dk jLs ihjVs j cxS fldMq r+ k gS vkjS rjq Ur Bhd gks tkrk gAS cgs k's kh ea s tkus ls igys mUga s fopkj vk;k fd ,ls k dIkMs + es as D;ka s ugha gks ldrk gAS blds i'pkr mUgkuas s fjda y Ýh VkbZ dk fuek.Z k fd;k ftlea s jcM+ dk mi;kxs fd;k x;kA gjS h okVlZ ij xyrh ls ikuh fxjus ds dkj.k deht ij vkbZ flyoVka s us ,d u, vkfo"dkj flyoV eDq r dIkMs + dks tUe fn;k vkjS blds mRiknu ls mudh vkfFkdZ fLFkfr Hkh Bhd gks xbAZ

QSjkMs ds fo|qr&pqEcdh; vfHkizsj.k ds fu;edgk tkrk gS fd ekbdy QjS kMs o"kZ 1831 ea s bl rF; dk v/;;u dj jgs Fks fd fo|rq dk pEq cdh; iHz kko gkrs k gS vFkkrZ fo|rq ls pEq cd r;S kj fd, tk ldrs gS rks pEq cd ls fo|rq D;ka s ugha r;S kj dh tk ldrhA dgk tkrk gS fd dbZ rjg ds i;z kxs vuds ka s ckj djus ij Hkh mudks fo|rq /kkjk mRiUu djus ea slQyrk ugha feyhA ,d fnu =fq Vo'k mUgkuas s ik;k fd ,d d.q Myh ds ikl ftlea s /kkjk mifLFkfr ekid ;=a xYS ous kes hVj yxk Fkk ,d pEq cd fxjk rks vpkud /kkjk lda rs d fgykA mUgkuas s bls vklk/kkj.k ekuk vkjS ik;k fd tc&tc d.q Myh vkjS pEq cd ,d nlw js ds lki{s k xfr ea s gkrs s gS rks fo|rq /kkjk mRiUu gkrs h gAS ;gh fl)kra Vjckbu ea s mi;kxs gkrs k gS vkjS blh fl}kra ds dkj.k vkt nfq u;k fctyh ls ped jgh gAS

;wjsdk dh dgkuhdgk tkrk gS fd o"kZ 256 bŒZ iŒw ea sxhz d 'kgj lk;jkdklS dks 'k=vq ka s ls eDq r djkus ds ckn gkbjks jktk cukA mlus b'Z oj dk /kU;okn djus grs q ,d Lo.keZ dq Vq cukokus ds fy, ,d dkfcy Lo.kdZ kj dks fn;kA yfs du mls lUngs gvq k fd dgha lkus s es a feykoV rks ugha gAS mlus ;g leL;k ml le; ds xf.krK 22 o"kh;Z vkdfZ efMt ds lkeus j[khA

29

28

=fq Vi.w kZ lek/kku crkrk gS fd ;g jkLrk gekjh efa ty dh vkjs ugha tkrk yfs du ,d u;k jkLrk rks irk yx gh tkrk gAS yfs du dbZ ckj tks u;k jkLrk gkrs k gS ge mldk vkHkkl ugha dj ikrs D;kfas d gekjk /;ku =fq V ij gkrs k g]S blds mi;kxs ij ugha gkrs k g]S blfy, =fq V;ka s dk voykds u o fo'y"s k.k vko';d gAS

dksbZ Hkh O;fDr tkucw> dj =qfV ugha djuk pkgrk ysfdu fQj Hkh =qfV;k¡ gks tkrh gSaA O;fDr vius dk;Z dks lQyrk ds lkFk lEiUu djuk pkgrk gS ysfdu ges'kk ,slk ugha gksrk gSA dbZ ckj =qfV gksus ij ge vius vkidks dkslrs gSa fd gels =qfV D;ksa gqbZ ;k D;ksa gks jgh gS\ lc dqN Bhd ls D;ksa ugha gks jgk bR;kfn&bR;kfnA =qfV;k¡ ijs'kku Hkh djrh gSa o >qa>ykgV Hkh ykrh gSaA dbZ ckj =qfV;k¡ gksrh gSA ^=qfV;k¡ cM+h f'k{kd gSa tks gesa fl[kkrh gSa fd dk;Z djus dk ;g jkLrk ugha gSA* D;k bl okD; esa ,d u;k jkLrk ughaa fNik yxrk gS\

l;a Dq r jkT; vefs jdk ea s fpfdRlh; =fq V;ka s dk v/;;u dj bls 1999 ea s;0w ,l0 bLa VhV;Vw vkQ efs Mflu }kjk lkotZ fud fd;k x;kA vxa tsz h dfo ,yXtMas j ikis us ,d ckj dgk fd dNq ykxs dHkh Hkh dNq Hkh ugha lh[k ikrs D;kfas d os lcdNq cgrq tYnh le> tkrs gAaS bl rjg lh[kus ds fy, vko';d gS fd ge =fq V;k¡ Lohdkjuk]

mudk voykds u djuk] muls lh[kuk le>a s vkjS vkiuk,A¡ fpfdRld bls cMk+ f'k{kd le>rs ga S ;g dbZ ckj u, mipkj ds jkLrs l>q krk gAS

ftKklq O;fDr vDlj =fq V djrk gAS OkKS kfud ije ftKklq gkrs s ga S tks ,d r; oKS kfud ifz Ø;k viukdj i;z kxs djrs gASa uohu [kkts djuk pkgrs gAaS bl nkjS ku muls =fq V;k¡ Hkh gkrs h gAaS

dNq =fq V;k¡ tks cMh+ oKS kfud [kkts ka s dk dkj.k cuh

foKku ifjppkZ o"kZ 2] vad 3 tuojh&ekpZ 2012

dqynhi xSjksyk

ij cDS Vhfj;k ugha Fks vFkkrZ QQnwa ds lEidZ ls cDS Vhfj;k Uk"V gks x, FkAs bl rjg ¶yfs exa dh bl =fq V ls ,UVhck;W kfs Vd nok iUS lhyhu dh [kkts gbq Z ftlus djkMs k+ a s ykxs ka s dh tku cpkbZ o vkxs ds mPp J.s kh ds ,UVhck;kfs Vd ds jkLrs l>q k,A

jlxqYyk20oha lnh ds ikz jEHk ea s jlxYq yk ugha FkkA Lokfn"V jlnkj jlxYq yk Hkh =fq V dh gh nus gAS dgk tkrk gS fd ,d feBkboZ kys xxa jw ke dh d<k+ bZ ds flji ea sdNq nXq /k lkexhz NVw xbAZ nlw js fnu mUgkuas s mls jl ea s Mcw s xkys s ds :i ea sik;kA tc bls p[kk rks Lokn mUga s cgrq vPNk yxkA fQj D;k Fkk\ ;g mUgkuas s vU; O;fDr;ka s dks Hkh f[kyk;k tks fd lHkh dks ilUn vk;k vkjS jlxYq yk ifz l) gks x;k vkjS xxa jw ke th y[kifr gks x,A

vkyw ds fpIlo"kZ 1853 ea s l;a Dq r jkT; vefs jdk ea sU;;w kdZ ds ;uw yds yktW dks ,d xkz gd Ýpas Ýkb & tks fd vkyw dh ryh gbq Z ZNMh+ lh gkrs h gS & mlds ?kj Hkts us dk vkMjZ fn;kA jLs Vkjs Us V ds jlkbs ;s us Ýpas ÝkbZ fHktokbZ rks xkz gd us okil Hkts h vkjS dgk fd ;s cgrq ekVs h gAS jlkbs ;s us fQj iryk dj fHktok;kA fQj Hkh xkz gd us dgk fd vHkh Hkh ;g ekVs h gAaS xLq ls ea s jlkbs ;s us vkyw ds dkxt tlS s irys Vdq M+ s+ dkVdj ÝkbZ dj Hkts As xkz gd dks cgrq ila n vk x, vkjS mlus fQj blh dk vkMW jZ fn;k vkjS bl idz kj jlkbs ;s ds xLq ls us vkyw ds fpIl dks tUe fn;kA

fjady&Ýh VkbZ;g lVaS ybq lZ ds gjS h okVlZ dh [kkts gAS ,d ckj muds ,d LVus kxs kz Qj us muds Åij =fq V ls ikuh Mky fn;kA mUga s fdlh fof'k"V O;fDr ls eyq kdkr djuh FkhA tkus ls igys mudh deht ij ikuh fxj x;k ftls l[q kkus ij flyoV vk xbZ rFkk flyoVa s gVkus grs q ilsz djokuh iMh+ A mudh vkfFkdZ fLFkfr vPNh ugha Fkh fQj Hkh mUgkuas s le; ij igp¡q us ds fy, VDS lh yh ftlds Mkª boj us ,d flyoV iMh+ VkbZ iguh FkhA tYnhckth ea s Mkª boj VDS lh xyr jkLrs

oKS kfud ybq Z ik'pj us ,d ckj dgk fd dbZ cMs + vfo"dkj =fq Vo'k g,q vfo"dkj gAaS ;g ,d rjg ls =fq V;ka s ds mi;kxs ds mnkgj.k gAaS buea s ls dbZ rks cMs +m|e cu x, gAaS dNq vkfo"dkjka s dk o.kuZ bl ppkZ ds Øe ea s fd;k tk jgk gAS

dkuZ ¶ysDl&;g Mk0W tkuW dyS kxS dh [kkts gAS og fef'kxu luS Vs kfs j;e ea s MkDW Vj FkAs og ejhtka s grs q ik"s kdrRoka s ls Hkjijw 'kkdkgkjh Hkkts u dh ryk'k ea s FkAs og mcys xgs ¡ wds nkus jkys j ij Mky jgs FkAs xgs ¡ w ds nkus mNydj fxj tkrs FkAs bu nkuka sdks mUgkuas s jkys j ij nck;k rkfd bldh ijra s cuk ldAas yfs du os Qyw tkrs FkAs blh ls ijsz .kk yds j ckn ea s eDdh ij Hkh ,ls k gh i;z kxs fd;kA ifj.kkeLo:i ifz l) dkuZ ¶yDs l dh [kkts gbq AZ dyS kxW cnlz Z us dkuZ ¶yDs l dk O;kolkf;d mRiknu dj vkikj /ku dek;kA

ekbØksoso vksou1945 ea s ils hZ Li's kuj exs ukVkª uW ] oDS ;ew V;cw ij dk;Z dj jgs FkAs mUgkuas s ik;k fd bl nkjS ku muds tcs ea s j[kh VkQW h fi?ky tkrh gAS ;g dk;Z mUgkuas s ikidkuZ ds lkFk Hkh fd;k rks ik;k fd ikiW dkuZ eyq k;e gks jgk gS tlS k fd xeZ djus ij gkrs k gAS mUgkuas s n[s kk fd vkl&ikl xehZ dk dkbs Z lkz rs ugha gS fQj Hkh VkQW h tcs ea s fi?ky tkrh gAS fo'y"s k.k djus ij mUgkuas s ik;k fd vn'; fdj.kka s ds dkj.k og fi?ky jgh FkhA ;g okLro ea s ekbØks oos FkhA bl rjg fcuk vkx dk pYw gk vfLrRo ea svk;kA bl idz kj tcs ea s VkQW h ;k d.S Mh j[kus dh =fq V ls ekbØkos os vkos u dk vfo"dkj gvq kA

isUlhfyuiUs lhfyu ,d ,Va hck;kfs Vd gS tks fd ,yDs t.s Mj ¶yfs exa dh [kkts gAS o"kZ 1928 ea s ¶yfs exa ,d ckj iVS hª fM'k ea sdNq cfS DVfj;k dk v/;;u dj jgs FkAs i;z kxs ds ckn og fcuk mls lkQ fd, i;z kxs 'kkyk NkMs d+ j pys x,A ,d lIrkg ckn ykVS dj n[s kk fd iVS hª fM'k ds vklikl QQnwa inS k gks xbZ gS vkjS ik;k fd tgk&¡ tgk¡ ij QQnwa ektS nw Fkh ogk¡

ij ys x;k vkjS okilh dh gMc+ Mh+ ea sn?q kVuZ k gks xbZ ftlea s okVlZ dks pkVs yx xbAZ tc mUgs as vLirky ea s vkiW j's ku ds fy, cgs k's kh dh nok nh xbZ rks cgs k's kh ls igys mUgkuas s n[s kk fd muds fy, yk;k x;k jcM+ dk jLs ihjVs j cxS fldMq r+ k gS vkjS rjq Ur Bhd gks tkrk gAS cgs k's kh ea s tkus ls igys mUga s fopkj vk;k fd ,ls k dIkMs + es as D;ka s ugha gks ldrk gAS blds i'pkr mUgkuas s fjda y Ýh VkbZ dk fuek.Z k fd;k ftlea s jcM+ dk mi;kxs fd;k x;kA gjS h okVlZ ij xyrh ls ikuh fxjus ds dkj.k deht ij vkbZ flyoVka s us ,d u, vkfo"dkj flyoV eDq r dIkMs + dks tUe fn;k vkjS blds mRiknu ls mudh vkfFkdZ fLFkfr Hkh Bhd gks xbAZ

QSjkMs ds fo|qr&pqEcdh; vfHkizsj.k ds fu;edgk tkrk gS fd ekbdy QjS kMs o"kZ 1831 ea s bl rF; dk v/;;u dj jgs Fks fd fo|rq dk pEq cdh; iHz kko gkrs k gS vFkkrZ fo|rq ls pEq cd r;S kj fd, tk ldrs gS rks pEq cd ls fo|rq D;ka s ugha r;S kj dh tk ldrhA dgk tkrk gS fd dbZ rjg ds i;z kxs vuds ka s ckj djus ij Hkh mudks fo|rq /kkjk mRiUu djus ea slQyrk ugha feyhA ,d fnu =fq Vo'k mUgkuas s ik;k fd ,d d.q Myh ds ikl ftlea s /kkjk mifLFkfr ekid ;=a xYS ous kes hVj yxk Fkk ,d pEq cd fxjk rks vpkud /kkjk lda rs d fgykA mUgkuas s bls vklk/kkj.k ekuk vkjS ik;k fd tc&tc d.q Myh vkjS pEq cd ,d nlw js ds lki{s k xfr ea s gkrs s gS rks fo|rq /kkjk mRiUu gkrs h gAS ;gh fl)kra Vjckbu ea s mi;kxs gkrs k gS vkjS blh fl}kra ds dkj.k vkt nfq u;k fctyh ls ped jgh gAS

;wjsdk dh dgkuhdgk tkrk gS fd o"kZ 256 bŒZ iŒw ea sxhz d 'kgj lk;jkdklS dks 'k=vq ka s ls eDq r djkus ds ckn gkbjks jktk cukA mlus b'Z oj dk /kU;okn djus grs q ,d Lo.keZ dq Vq cukokus ds fy, ,d dkfcy Lo.kdZ kj dks fn;kA yfs du mls lUngs gvq k fd dgha lkus s es a feykoV rks ugha gAS mlus ;g leL;k ml le; ds xf.krK 22 o"kh;Z vkdfZ efMt ds lkeus j[khA

29

30

vkt vkdfZ efMt dk ;g fl)kUr iuMCq ch] uko] tgkt bR;kfn ds fuek.Z k dk vk/kkj gAS

flyhdkWu iqV~Vh;g flfydkuW vk/kkfjr IykfLVd Dys gS ftlls f[kykuS s Hkh curs gASa ;g tehu ls Vdjk dj mNyrh gAS f}rh; fo'o ;)q ds le; ea ss tEs l jkbV jcM+ dk fodYi <<wa u+ s ds fy, i;z kxs dj jgs FkAs mUgkuas s flfydkuW vk;y ea s ckfs jd ,flM MkykA ;g te x;k vkjS mls og ij[kuyh ls ckgj ugha fudky ik,A vpkud =fq Vo'k ij[kuyh fxj xbZ vkjs mlds vUnj dk tek inkFkZ fxj dj mNykA mUgkuas s mls fQj fxjk;kA og fQj dkQh Åp¡ k mNykA bl rjg flyhdkuW iVq V~ h dk vkfo"dkj gvq kA

lSdfju

;g df=e ehBk gS ftls ge phuh ds de dyS kjs h okys fodYi ds :i ea s i;z kxs dj jgs gAaS oKS kfud dkuS lVVaS kbu

vkdfZ efMt ij's kku gks x, vkjS lkps us yxs fd dlS s irk d:¡ fd edq Vq dk lkus k 'k)q gAS ,d ckj tc og ugkus ds fy, Vc ea s mrjs rks mUgkuas s ik;k fd ikuh Vc ls ckgj fxj jgk gAS mUga s bl ?kVuk ls ,d fopkj vk;kA og mBs vkjS fcuk ;g lkps s fd og lefq pr diMk+ a s ea sugha gS Vc ls dnw s vkjS ^^;jw ds k&;jw ds k** ^^euS s [kkts fy;k** ^^euS s ik fy;k** fpYykrs g,q HkkxAs mUgkuas s le> fy;k fd ;fn edq Vq ea s feykoV gbq Z rks feykoVh edq Vq dk vk;ru leku Hkkj ds 'k)q lkus s ds edq Vq ls vf/kd gkxs kA bl rjhds ls mUgkuas s fl) dj fn;k fd luq kj us feykoV dh FkhA dgk tkrk gS fd luq kj dh ;g =fq V cMh+ [kkts dk dkj.k cuh vkjS mUgkuas s rjS us ds fu;e cuk,A bl ?kVuk dk o.kuZ jkes u okLrfq on ekjdlq foV:fu;l ikys ks us b-Zi-w iFz ke 'krkCnh ea s fy[kh viuh iLq rd ^Ms vkfdVZ Ds pjq k* ea s fd;k gAS

foKku ifjppkZ o"kZ 2] vad 3 tuojh&ekpZ 2012

Vslh FkkWel¼Hkkjrh; efgyk felkby oSKkfud½¼VkbEl vkWQ bafM;k] 25 vizSy] 2012 dks izdkf’kr lk{kkRdkj ls½

urs Ro ;k ikz |S kfs xdh ea s i:q "k&L=h Hkns Hkko ugha gkrs kA foKku dk bl ckr ls dkbs Z lca /a k ugha gkrs k fd Kku dk lkz rs D;k gAS dos y lh[kuk vkjS vf/kd ls vf/kd Kku ikz Ir djuk gh egRoi.w kZ gAS ;fn vki ubZ ls ubZ puq kfS r;ka sdk lkeuk djus ds fy;s r;S kj ga S rFkk vius vuHq koka s ls lh[k ikz Ir dj jgs ga S rks ogh vko';d gAS urs Ro dh {kerk rFkk foKku dh le> ,d nlw js ds lkFk gkFk ls gkFk fey dj pya s rks ixz fr fuf'pr gAS oKS kfud tc ,d Vhe ds :i ea s dke djrs ga S rks iRz ;ds lnL; viuh ftEens kjh le>rk gS vkjS ijLij lg;kxs ds lkFk dke djrk gS fcuk ;g n[s ks fd lg;kxs h i#q "k gS vFkok L=hA ea S tkurh g¡ w fd nkf;Ro fdl idz kj foHkkftr fd;k tk;A vxj vkidks fo'okl gS fd vki vius oKS kfud Kku dk mfpr mi;kxs dj ldrs ga S rks vki lQyrk ds f'k[kj ij fuf'pr :i ls igpaq xas As vkt fo|kfFk;Z ka s ds chp foKku ,d ykds fi;z fo"k; gS vkjS ;gh rduhdh fodkl dk eyw vk/kkj gAS fo|ky;ka s rFkk egkfo|ky;ka sea s vf/kd ls vf/kd Nk= rFkk Nk=k,¡ foKku i<u+ s ea s #fp fn[kk jgs gAaaS

foKku ,oa izkS|ksfxdh foHkkx

mŸkjk[k.M jkT; foKku ,oa izkS|ksfxdh ifj"kn

31

lekpkj&i=d tuojh ls ekpZ 2012

QkgycxZ ,d ckj i;z kxs 'kkyk ea s i;z kxs ds ckn gkFk lkQ djuk Hkyw x,A ?kj tkus ij mudh iRuh us mUga s cMsz [kkus dks nh rks mUgkuas s vius gkFk ij ,d lxq U/k egllw dh rFkk vius gkFk ea sj[kh cMsz dks ehBk ik;kA bl ij mUga s/;ku vk;k fd [kkus ls igys mUgkuas s gkFk ugha /kk,s gAaS i;z kxs 'kkyk ea s tkdj ijh{k.k djus ij mUgkuas s ;g inkFkZ iuq % r;S kj fd;kA ckn ds o"kka Zs ea s bls iVs Us V djokdj bldk O;kolkf;d mRiknu fd;kA vkt og cgrq cMh+ [kkts ka s ea s ls ,d gAS fdruk vPNk gvq k fd mUgkuas s vius gkFk ugha /kk;s s FkAs

vkb, ge lc Hkh viuh =fq V;ka s ds ifz r lprs jgs o muls lh[kAas irk ugha dkuS lh =fq V vkfo"dkj cu tk,A

foHkkxk/;{k] 'kks/k ,oa ewY;kadujkT; 'kSf{kd izca/ku ,oa izf'k{k.k laLFkku

¼lheSV½] mÙkjk[k.MA

egkfuns'kd dh dye ls*foKku ifjppk*Z dk o"kZ 2012 dk iFz ke vda ¼ekg tuojh&ekp]Z 2012½ ikBdka s ds lEe[q k iLz rrq gAS mRrjk[k.M jkT; foKku ,oa ikz |S kfs xdh ifj"kn }kjk foKku ,oa rduhdh ds foLrkj] ipz kj&ilz kj ,oa foKku dks ykds kis ;kxs h o mRrjk[k.M jkT; dh vko';drkvka s ds vu:q Ik foKku ds mi;kxs ds fy;s fd;s tk jgs i;z klka s dk lfa {kIr fooj.k blea s idz kf'kr fd;k tk jgk gAS iow Z idz kf'kr vda ka s ij ikz Ir ikBdka s dh ifz rfØ;k;a as mRlkgo/kdZ gAS

foxr frekgh ea s ifj"kn }kjk i;s ty ls lca f/kr 'kk/s k ifj;kts ukvka s ds vra xrZ dk;'Z kkykvka s dk vk;kts u] rduhdh fodkl ,oa rduhdh gLrkja .k grs q fofHkUu n's kka s ds fo'k"s kKka s ls fopkj&foe'kZ fd;k x;kA bl vof/k ea s 28 Qjojh] 2012 dks jk"Vhª ; foKku fnol vk0s ,u0th0lh0] vkfW MVkfs j;e ngs jknuw ea s ,oa fnukda 22 viySz ] 2012 dks fo'o iFoh fnol lhek ljq {kk cy] vkfW MVkfs j;e] lhek}kj] ngs jknuw ea s cMs + ieS kus ij vk;kfs tr fd;s x;s ftlea s inz 's k fLFkr fofHkUu 'k{S kf.kd] oKS kfud o vU; lLa Fkkvka s dh lgHkkfxrk jghAa Xykcs y okfexZa o Ik;koZ j.k ds le{k vklUu puq kfS r;ka s dks n[s krs g,q xhz u VDS ukys kth ds mi;kxs dh vko';drk dks xEHkhjrk ls vuHq ko fd;k tk jgk gAS ifj"kn }kjk x:q dyq dkxa Mh+ fo'ofo|ky;] gfj}kj es as bl fo"k; ij ,d vra jk"Vhª ; ifjppkZ dk vk;kts u 11 Qjojh] 2012 dks rFkk x<o+ ky

bl laLdj.k esafo'ofo|ky; ds lkFk feydj rhu fnolh; bMa ks ;0w ,l0 dk;'Z kkyk dk vk;kts u fd;k x;kA ifj"kn dk;kyZ ; ea sLFkkfir ckfS )d lEink dUs nz dh vkjs ls inz 's k ds vk|S kfs xd {k=s ka s ea s tkx:drk] lykg o lpw uk ds ilz kj grs q fujra j dk;Z fd;s tk jgs gAaS ifj"kn }kjk fuek.Z kk/khu foKku /kke ea s HkkHkk ijek.kq lLa Fkku ds lg;kxs ls ckdZ iofs y;u dh LFkkiuk grs q lLa Fkku ls lgefr ikz Ir djuk ,d egRoi.w kZ miyfC/k gAS

mRrjk[k.M foKku f'k{kk ,oa vulq /a kku dUs nz ¼;lw d½Z ,oa deq k;¡ w fo'ofo|ky; }kjk xf.krh; foKku ds mRd"V dUs nz dh lQyrkiow dZ LFkkiuk ilz Uurk dk fo"k; gAS dUs nz }kjk ikfs "kr ifj;kts uk ds vra xrZ lheiS }kjk vk"S k/kh; ,oa lx/a k ik/S kka s ij vk/kkfjr lkroa s o vkBoa sm|ferk ifz 'k{k.k dk;ØZ e bl vof/k ea slQyrk iow dZ lEiUu g;q s gAS

o"kZ dh vkxkeh frekgh ea s ifj"kn }kjk vuds egRoi.w kZ dk;ØZ e iLz rkfor gAS jkT; dh oKS kfud lLa Fkkvka s ,oa oKS kfud lenq k; ds lg;kxs ls foKku ,oa rduhdh lEiUu jkT; dh vo/kkj.kk dks i[q rk djus ds i;z kl vuojr tkjh gAS

vk'kk gS iow oZ r~ vkidk lg;kxs ] l>q ko o lEefr;k¡ gea s ikz Ir gkrs h jgxas hA

MkΠjktsUnz MksHkkyegkfun's kd

�ty xq.krRrk izca/ku ij dk;Z'kkyk

�vkjŒchŒ,QŒ rduhd ,oa ty xq.koRrk izca/ku fo"k; ij dk;Z'kkyk dk vk;kstu

�baLik;j ;kstuk ds rgr vkbt vkWQ CykbaM dks Mh,lVh us ljkgk

�i;kZoj.k laj{k.k ds fy, xzhu dsfeLVªh ds fl)kUrksa ij tksj

�foKku /kke esa cusxkk ckdZ iosfy;u

�xzhu VsDuksykWth ij fopkj eaFku

�jk"Vªh; foKku fnol

�lw{e y?kq m|ksxksa esa tkx:drk gsrq dk;Z'kkyk

�vkbZŒihŒvkjŒ fo"k; ij dk;Z'kkykvksa dk vk;kstu

�dqekš fo'ofo|ky; ds ,l-,l-ts- ifjlj vYeksM+k esa xf.krh; foKku ds mRd`"V dsUnz dh LFkkiuk

�ty laca/kh 'kks/kksa ij teZu fo'ks"kKksa ls fd;k eaFku

�lkrosa ,oa vkBosa vkS"k/kh; ,oa lax/k ikS/kksa ij vk/kkfjr m|ferk izf'k{k.k dk;ZØe dk vk;kstu

30

vkt vkdfZ efMt dk ;g fl)kUr iuMCq ch] uko] tgkt bR;kfn ds fuek.Z k dk vk/kkj gAS

flyhdkWu iqV~Vh;g flfydkuW vk/kkfjr IykfLVd Dys gS ftlls f[kykuS s Hkh curs gASa ;g tehu ls Vdjk dj mNyrh gAS f}rh; fo'o ;)q ds le; ea ss tEs l jkbV jcM+ dk fodYi <<wa u+ s ds fy, i;z kxs dj jgs FkAs mUgkuas s flfydkuW vk;y ea s ckfs jd ,flM MkykA ;g te x;k vkjS mls og ij[kuyh ls ckgj ugha fudky ik,A vpkud =fq Vo'k ij[kuyh fxj xbZ vkjs mlds vUnj dk tek inkFkZ fxj dj mNykA mUgkuas s mls fQj fxjk;kA og fQj dkQh Åp¡ k mNykA bl rjg flyhdkuW iVq V~ h dk vkfo"dkj gvq kA

lSdfju

;g df=e ehBk gS ftls ge phuh ds de dyS kjs h okys fodYi ds :i ea s i;z kxs dj jgs gAaS oKS kfud dkuS lVVaS kbu

vkdfZ efMt ij's kku gks x, vkjS lkps us yxs fd dlS s irk d:¡ fd edq Vq dk lkus k 'k)q gAS ,d ckj tc og ugkus ds fy, Vc ea s mrjs rks mUgkuas s ik;k fd ikuh Vc ls ckgj fxj jgk gAS mUga s bl ?kVuk ls ,d fopkj vk;kA og mBs vkjS fcuk ;g lkps s fd og lefq pr diMk+ a s ea sugha gS Vc ls dnw s vkjS ^^;jw ds k&;jw ds k** ^^euS s [kkts fy;k** ^^euS s ik fy;k** fpYykrs g,q HkkxAs mUgkuas s le> fy;k fd ;fn edq Vq ea s feykoV gbq Z rks feykoVh edq Vq dk vk;ru leku Hkkj ds 'k)q lkus s ds edq Vq ls vf/kd gkxs kA bl rjhds ls mUgkuas s fl) dj fn;k fd luq kj us feykoV dh FkhA dgk tkrk gS fd luq kj dh ;g =fq V cMh+ [kkts dk dkj.k cuh vkjS mUgkuas s rjS us ds fu;e cuk,A bl ?kVuk dk o.kuZ jkes u okLrfq on ekjdlq foV:fu;l ikys ks us b-Zi-w iFz ke 'krkCnh ea s fy[kh viuh iLq rd ^Ms vkfdVZ Ds pjq k* ea s fd;k gAS

foKku ifjppkZ o"kZ 2] vad 3 tuojh&ekpZ 2012

Vslh FkkWel¼Hkkjrh; efgyk felkby oSKkfud½¼VkbEl vkWQ bafM;k] 25 vizSy] 2012 dks izdkf’kr lk{kkRdkj ls½

urs Ro ;k ikz |S kfs xdh ea s i:q "k&L=h Hkns Hkko ugha gkrs kA foKku dk bl ckr ls dkbs Z lca /a k ugha gkrs k fd Kku dk lkz rs D;k gAS dos y lh[kuk vkjS vf/kd ls vf/kd Kku ikz Ir djuk gh egRoi.w kZ gAS ;fn vki ubZ ls ubZ puq kfS r;ka sdk lkeuk djus ds fy;s r;S kj ga S rFkk vius vuHq koka s ls lh[k ikz Ir dj jgs ga S rks ogh vko';d gAS urs Ro dh {kerk rFkk foKku dh le> ,d nlw js ds lkFk gkFk ls gkFk fey dj pya s rks ixz fr fuf'pr gAS oKS kfud tc ,d Vhe ds :i ea s dke djrs ga S rks iRz ;ds lnL; viuh ftEens kjh le>rk gS vkjS ijLij lg;kxs ds lkFk dke djrk gS fcuk ;g n[s ks fd lg;kxs h i#q "k gS vFkok L=hA ea S tkurh g¡ w fd nkf;Ro fdl idz kj foHkkftr fd;k tk;A vxj vkidks fo'okl gS fd vki vius oKS kfud Kku dk mfpr mi;kxs dj ldrs ga S rks vki lQyrk ds f'k[kj ij fuf'pr :i ls igpaq xas As vkt fo|kfFk;Z ka s ds chp foKku ,d ykds fi;z fo"k; gS vkjS ;gh rduhdh fodkl dk eyw vk/kkj gAS fo|ky;ka s rFkk egkfo|ky;ka sea s vf/kd ls vf/kd Nk= rFkk Nk=k,¡ foKku i<u+ s ea s #fp fn[kk jgs gAaaS

foKku ,oa izkS|ksfxdh foHkkx

mŸkjk[k.M jkT; foKku ,oa izkS|ksfxdh ifj"kn

31

lekpkj&i=d tuojh ls ekpZ 2012

QkgycxZ ,d ckj i;z kxs 'kkyk ea s i;z kxs ds ckn gkFk lkQ djuk Hkyw x,A ?kj tkus ij mudh iRuh us mUga s cMsz [kkus dks nh rks mUgkuas s vius gkFk ij ,d lxq U/k egllw dh rFkk vius gkFk ea sj[kh cMsz dks ehBk ik;kA bl ij mUga s/;ku vk;k fd [kkus ls igys mUgkuas s gkFk ugha /kk,s gAaS i;z kxs 'kkyk ea s tkdj ijh{k.k djus ij mUgkuas s ;g inkFkZ iuq % r;S kj fd;kA ckn ds o"kka Zs ea s bls iVs Us V djokdj bldk O;kolkf;d mRiknu fd;kA vkt og cgrq cMh+ [kkts ka s ea s ls ,d gAS fdruk vPNk gvq k fd mUgkuas s vius gkFk ugha /kk;s s FkAs

vkb, ge lc Hkh viuh =fq V;ka s ds ifz r lprs jgs o muls lh[kAas irk ugha dkuS lh =fq V vkfo"dkj cu tk,A

foHkkxk/;{k] 'kks/k ,oa ewY;kadujkT; 'kSf{kd izca/ku ,oa izf'k{k.k laLFkku

¼lheSV½] mÙkjk[k.MA

egkfuns'kd dh dye ls*foKku ifjppk*Z dk o"kZ 2012 dk iFz ke vda ¼ekg tuojh&ekp]Z 2012½ ikBdka s ds lEe[q k iLz rrq gAS mRrjk[k.M jkT; foKku ,oa ikz |S kfs xdh ifj"kn }kjk foKku ,oa rduhdh ds foLrkj] ipz kj&ilz kj ,oa foKku dks ykds kis ;kxs h o mRrjk[k.M jkT; dh vko';drkvka s ds vu:q Ik foKku ds mi;kxs ds fy;s fd;s tk jgs i;z klka s dk lfa {kIr fooj.k blea s idz kf'kr fd;k tk jgk gAS iow Z idz kf'kr vda ka s ij ikz Ir ikBdka s dh ifz rfØ;k;a as mRlkgo/kdZ gAS

foxr frekgh ea s ifj"kn }kjk i;s ty ls lca f/kr 'kk/s k ifj;kts ukvka s ds vra xrZ dk;'Z kkykvka s dk vk;kts u] rduhdh fodkl ,oa rduhdh gLrkja .k grs q fofHkUu n's kka s ds fo'k"s kKka s ls fopkj&foe'kZ fd;k x;kA bl vof/k ea s 28 Qjojh] 2012 dks jk"Vhª ; foKku fnol vk0s ,u0th0lh0] vkfW MVkfs j;e ngs jknuw ea s ,oa fnukda 22 viySz ] 2012 dks fo'o iFoh fnol lhek ljq {kk cy] vkfW MVkfs j;e] lhek}kj] ngs jknuw ea s cMs + ieS kus ij vk;kfs tr fd;s x;s ftlea s inz 's k fLFkr fofHkUu 'k{S kf.kd] oKS kfud o vU; lLa Fkkvka s dh lgHkkfxrk jghAa Xykcs y okfexZa o Ik;koZ j.k ds le{k vklUu puq kfS r;ka s dks n[s krs g,q xhz u VDS ukys kth ds mi;kxs dh vko';drk dks xEHkhjrk ls vuHq ko fd;k tk jgk gAS ifj"kn }kjk x:q dyq dkxa Mh+ fo'ofo|ky;] gfj}kj es as bl fo"k; ij ,d vra jk"Vhª ; ifjppkZ dk vk;kts u 11 Qjojh] 2012 dks rFkk x<o+ ky

bl laLdj.k esafo'ofo|ky; ds lkFk feydj rhu fnolh; bMa ks ;0w ,l0 dk;'Z kkyk dk vk;kts u fd;k x;kA ifj"kn dk;kyZ ; ea sLFkkfir ckfS )d lEink dUs nz dh vkjs ls inz 's k ds vk|S kfs xd {k=s ka s ea s tkx:drk] lykg o lpw uk ds ilz kj grs q fujra j dk;Z fd;s tk jgs gAaS ifj"kn }kjk fuek.Z kk/khu foKku /kke ea s HkkHkk ijek.kq lLa Fkku ds lg;kxs ls ckdZ iofs y;u dh LFkkiuk grs q lLa Fkku ls lgefr ikz Ir djuk ,d egRoi.w kZ miyfC/k gAS

mRrjk[k.M foKku f'k{kk ,oa vulq /a kku dUs nz ¼;lw d½Z ,oa deq k;¡ w fo'ofo|ky; }kjk xf.krh; foKku ds mRd"V dUs nz dh lQyrkiow dZ LFkkiuk ilz Uurk dk fo"k; gAS dUs nz }kjk ikfs "kr ifj;kts uk ds vra xrZ lheiS }kjk vk"S k/kh; ,oa lx/a k ik/S kka s ij vk/kkfjr lkroa s o vkBoa sm|ferk ifz 'k{k.k dk;ØZ e bl vof/k ea slQyrk iow dZ lEiUu g;q s gAS

o"kZ dh vkxkeh frekgh ea s ifj"kn }kjk vuds egRoi.w kZ dk;ØZ e iLz rkfor gAS jkT; dh oKS kfud lLa Fkkvka s ,oa oKS kfud lenq k; ds lg;kxs ls foKku ,oa rduhdh lEiUu jkT; dh vo/kkj.kk dks i[q rk djus ds i;z kl vuojr tkjh gAS

vk'kk gS iow oZ r~ vkidk lg;kxs ] l>q ko o lEefr;k¡ gea s ikz Ir gkrs h jgxas hA

MkΠjktsUnz MksHkkyegkfun's kd

�ty xq.krRrk izca/ku ij dk;Z'kkyk

�vkjŒchŒ,QŒ rduhd ,oa ty xq.koRrk izca/ku fo"k; ij dk;Z'kkyk dk vk;kstu

�baLik;j ;kstuk ds rgr vkbt vkWQ CykbaM dks Mh,lVh us ljkgk

�i;kZoj.k laj{k.k ds fy, xzhu dsfeLVªh ds fl)kUrksa ij tksj

�foKku /kke esa cusxkk ckdZ iosfy;u

�xzhu VsDuksykWth ij fopkj eaFku

�jk"Vªh; foKku fnol

�lw{e y?kq m|ksxksa esa tkx:drk gsrq dk;Z'kkyk

�vkbZŒihŒvkjŒ fo"k; ij dk;Z'kkykvksa dk vk;kstu

�dqekš fo'ofo|ky; ds ,l-,l-ts- ifjlj vYeksM+k esa xf.krh; foKku ds mRd`"V dsUnz dh LFkkiuk

�ty laca/kh 'kks/kksa ij teZu fo'ks"kKksa ls fd;k eaFku

�lkrosa ,oa vkBosa vkS"k/kh; ,oa lax/k ikS/kksa ij vk/kkfjr m|ferk izf'k{k.k dk;ZØe dk vk;kstu

32 33

baLik;j ;kstuk ds rgr vkbt vkWQ CykbaM

dks Mh,lVh us ljkgk

foKku ifjppkZ o"kZ 2] vad 3 tuojh&ekpZ 2012

ty xq.koRrk izca/ku ij dk;Z'kkyk

foKku ,oa izkS|ksfxdh foHkkx] ubZ fnYyh us fnukad 07 tuojh] 2012 dks mRrjk[k.M jkT; foKku ,oa izkS|ksfxdh ifj"kn] ty laLFkku o Mh0,0oh0 egkfo|ky; ds lkStU; ls *odZ'kkWi

,aM czsu LVksfeax ls'ku vku okVj DokfyVh eSustesaV ,aM fjoj cSd fQYVªs'ku* fo"k; ij

dk;Z'kkyk vk;ksftr dhA

Hkkjr ljdkj ds okVj VsDuksykWth buhf'k,fVo dk;ZØe ds rgr xzkfQd ,jk fo'ofo|ky; esa

vk;ksftr dk;Z'kkyk esa ikY;w'ku fjlpZ baLVhV~;wV gfj}kj ds vij egkizca/kd rFkk foHkkx/;{k Mk0 [kkfyn tghj us ty xq.koRrk izca/ku ds fofHkUu

igyqvksa ds ckjs esa tkudkjh nhA dk;ZØe esa dsUnzh; Hkwfe ty ifj"kn ds mRrjkapy jhtu ds

{ks=h; funs'kd] Mk0 vkj0lh0 tSu us dsUnzh; Hkwfe ty ifj"kn }kjk mRrjk[k.M esa Hkwfe ty dh ek=k ,oa xq.koRrk ds ckjs esa tkudkjh nhA

jk"Vªh; ty foKku laLFkku] :M+dh ds funs'kd] MkW0 vkj0Mh0 flag us okVj DokfyVh eSustesaV

,aM fjoj cSad fQYVªs'ku fo"k; ij rduhdh tkudkjh nhA mUgksaus vius O;k[;ku esa jk"Vª ds le{k ty xq.koRrk rFkk ek=k dh leL;k dks

nwj djus ds mik;ksa dh tkudkjh nh o f'k{kdkas&oSKkfudksa ls bl {ks= esa vkxs vkus dk

vkg~oku fd;kA dk;ZØe esa ;wdkWLV ds egkfuns'kd] Mk0 jktsUnz MksHkky us vius lacks/ku

esa jkT; esa ty L=ksrksa dh xq.koRrk ds izca/ku ,oa fjoj cSad fQYVªs'ku rduhd }kjk

mRrjk[k.M esa fofHkUu LFkkuksa ij fd, tk jgs oSKkfud iz;klksa ds fo"k; esa tkudkjh nhA

mUgksaus ;wdkWLV }kjk jkT; ds igys ty xq.koRrk ekufp= ds ckjs esa Hkh foLrkj ls tkudkjh nhA

vkj0ch0,Q0 rduhd ,oa ty xq.koRrk izca/ku fo"k; ij dk;Z'kkyk dk vk;kstufnukda 4 Qjojh] 2012 dks okVj VDs ukys ktW h buhf'k,fVo dk;ØZ e ds vra xrZ mRrjk[k.M jkT; foKku ,oa ikz |S kfs xdh ifj"kn ¼;dw kLW V½ mRrjk[k.M ty lLa Fkku] o Mh0,0oh0 ihth dkyts ds l;a Dq r rRok/kku ea s *okVj DokfyVh euS ts eVaS ,Ma jhoj cdaS fQYV'sª ku fo"k; ij dk;'Z kkyk o cusz LVkfs exa l= dk vk;kts u fd;k x;kA

;fw uoflVZ h vkQW iVs kª fs y;e ,Ma ,uthZ LVMht ¼;iw hb,Z l½ ea s vk;kfs tr dk;'Z kkyk ea s ty x.q koRrk icz /a ku ds fofHkUu

igyvq ka s ij foLrr ppkZ dh xbAZ bl nkjS ku fo'k"s kKka s us ty x.q koRrk icz /a ku ea sjhoj cdaS fQYV'sª ku ¼vkj0ch0,Q0½ dks dkjxj rduhd crk;kA lkFk gh bl fn'kk ea s gks jgs 'kk/s kdk;kZ as ds ckjs ea stkudkjh nh xbAZ

dk;ØZ e ds mn?~ kkVu l= ea s crkjS e[q ; vfrfFk jk"Vhª ; ty foKku lLa Fkku ¼:Md+ h½ ds fun's kd] Mk0 vkj0Mh0 flga us ty dh x.q koRrk c<k+ us ds fy, lpa kfyr fd;s tk jgs

dk;ØZ eka s o 'kk/s k }kjk mfpr ek=k ea sx.q koRrk;Dq r ty miyC/k djkus ij tkjs fn;kA lkFk gh ty x.q koRrk ds {k=s ea sjhoj cdaS fQYV'ªs ku rduhdh dks yds j vra jjk"Vhª ; o jk"Vhª ; Lrj ij py jgs i;z klks a dh tkudkjh nhA

;dw kLW V ds egkfun's kd] Mk0 jktUs nz MkHs kky us mRrjk[k.M ds fofHkUu tyL=kras ka s dh x.q koRrk] icz /a ku o vkjch,Q rduhdka s ij jkT; ea s gks jgs 'kk/s kdk;ka sZ a dh tkudkjh nhA

Hkkjr ljdkj ds foKku ,oa izkS|ksfxdh foHkkx ¼Mh,lVh½ us ,lthvkjvkj eksFkjksokyk ds Nk= vk;q"k xxZ ds ekWMy *vkbt vkWQ CykabM dks mRd`"V ekWMy ds :Ik esa p;fur dj iz'kfLr i= iznku fd;k x;k gSaA

iwjs ns'k ls Mh,lVh ds baLik;j ;kstuk ds rgr 14&16 vxLr rd fnYyh ds izxfr eSnku eas ekWMy izfr;ksfxrk vk;ksftr dh xbZ FkhA blesa ns'k ds djhc 750 Ldwyh Nk=&Nk=kvksa us Hkkx fy;k FkkA mRrjk[k.M esa ;wdkWLV bl ;kstuk dk fØ;kUo;u dj jgk gSA ftys ds ckn jkT; Lrjh; izfr;ksfxrk esa vk;q"k dk *vkbt vkWQ CykabM* ekWMy loZJs"B pquk x;k FkkA blds ckn jk"Vªh; izfr;ksfxrk ds fy, fnYyh Hkstk x;k ,oa ogka Hkh Mh,lVh us 20 ekWMyksa esa ls *vkbt vkWQ CykbaM* dks mRd`"V ekWMy ds :Ik esa pquk gSA

x<+oky fo'ofo|ky; dh vksjls xzhu dsfeLVªh ds egRo fo"k; ij vk;ksftr rhu fnolh; baMks ;w,l dk;Z'kkyk esa Ik;kZoj.k dks nwf"kr gksus ls cpkus ds fy, xzhu dsfeLVªh ds fl)karksa dks n`f"Vxr j[kdj dk;Z ij tksj fn;k x;kA ns'k&fons'k ls nsgjknwu igqaps fofHkUu fo'ofo|ky;ksa ds izksQsljksa us dgk fd Ik;kZoj.k dks lqjf{kr j[k Xykscy okfeaZx ls cpk tk ldrk gSaA ifj"kn ds egkfuns'kd] Mk0 jktsUnz MksHkky us crk;k fd ftyk Lrj ij eksckby oSu ds ek/;e ls ;qok oSKkfudksa dks Ik;kZoj.k lja{k.k vkSj xzhu dsfeLVªh dh vko';d tkudkfj;ka miyC/k djkbZ tkuh pkfg,A

i;kZoj.k laj{k.k ds fy,

xzhu dsfeLVªh ds fl)krksa ij tksj

32 33

baLik;j ;kstuk ds rgr vkbt vkWQ CykbaM

dks Mh,lVh us ljkgk

foKku ifjppkZ o"kZ 2] vad 3 tuojh&ekpZ 2012

ty xq.koRrk izca/ku ij dk;Z'kkyk

foKku ,oa izkS|ksfxdh foHkkx] ubZ fnYyh us fnukad 07 tuojh] 2012 dks mRrjk[k.M jkT; foKku ,oa izkS|ksfxdh ifj"kn] ty laLFkku o Mh0,0oh0 egkfo|ky; ds lkStU; ls *odZ'kkWi

,aM czsu LVksfeax ls'ku vku okVj DokfyVh eSustesaV ,aM fjoj cSd fQYVªs'ku* fo"k; ij

dk;Z'kkyk vk;ksftr dhA

Hkkjr ljdkj ds okVj VsDuksykWth buhf'k,fVo dk;ZØe ds rgr xzkfQd ,jk fo'ofo|ky; esa

vk;ksftr dk;Z'kkyk esa ikY;w'ku fjlpZ baLVhV~;wV gfj}kj ds vij egkizca/kd rFkk foHkkx/;{k Mk0 [kkfyn tghj us ty xq.koRrk izca/ku ds fofHkUu

igyqvksa ds ckjs esa tkudkjh nhA dk;ZØe esa dsUnzh; Hkwfe ty ifj"kn ds mRrjkapy jhtu ds

{ks=h; funs'kd] Mk0 vkj0lh0 tSu us dsUnzh; Hkwfe ty ifj"kn }kjk mRrjk[k.M esa Hkwfe ty dh ek=k ,oa xq.koRrk ds ckjs esa tkudkjh nhA

jk"Vªh; ty foKku laLFkku] :M+dh ds funs'kd] MkW0 vkj0Mh0 flag us okVj DokfyVh eSustesaV

,aM fjoj cSad fQYVªs'ku fo"k; ij rduhdh tkudkjh nhA mUgksaus vius O;k[;ku esa jk"Vª ds le{k ty xq.koRrk rFkk ek=k dh leL;k dks

nwj djus ds mik;ksa dh tkudkjh nh o f'k{kdkas&oSKkfudksa ls bl {ks= esa vkxs vkus dk

vkg~oku fd;kA dk;ZØe esa ;wdkWLV ds egkfuns'kd] Mk0 jktsUnz MksHkky us vius lacks/ku

esa jkT; esa ty L=ksrksa dh xq.koRrk ds izca/ku ,oa fjoj cSad fQYVªs'ku rduhd }kjk

mRrjk[k.M esa fofHkUu LFkkuksa ij fd, tk jgs oSKkfud iz;klksa ds fo"k; esa tkudkjh nhA

mUgksaus ;wdkWLV }kjk jkT; ds igys ty xq.koRrk ekufp= ds ckjs esa Hkh foLrkj ls tkudkjh nhA

vkj0ch0,Q0 rduhd ,oa ty xq.koRrk izca/ku fo"k; ij dk;Z'kkyk dk vk;kstufnukda 4 Qjojh] 2012 dks okVj VDs ukys ktW h buhf'k,fVo dk;ØZ e ds vra xrZ mRrjk[k.M jkT; foKku ,oa ikz |S kfs xdh ifj"kn ¼;dw kLW V½ mRrjk[k.M ty lLa Fkku] o Mh0,0oh0 ihth dkyts ds l;a Dq r rRok/kku ea s *okVj DokfyVh euS ts eVaS ,Ma jhoj cdaS fQYV'sª ku fo"k; ij dk;'Z kkyk o cusz LVkfs exa l= dk vk;kts u fd;k x;kA

;fw uoflVZ h vkQW iVs kª fs y;e ,Ma ,uthZ LVMht ¼;iw hb,Z l½ ea s vk;kfs tr dk;'Z kkyk ea s ty x.q koRrk icz /a ku ds fofHkUu

igyvq ka s ij foLrr ppkZ dh xbAZ bl nkjS ku fo'k"s kKka s us ty x.q koRrk icz /a ku ea sjhoj cdaS fQYV'sª ku ¼vkj0ch0,Q0½ dks dkjxj rduhd crk;kA lkFk gh bl fn'kk ea s gks jgs 'kk/s kdk;kZ as ds ckjs ea stkudkjh nh xbAZ

dk;ØZ e ds mn?~ kkVu l= ea s crkjS e[q ; vfrfFk jk"Vhª ; ty foKku lLa Fkku ¼:Md+ h½ ds fun's kd] Mk0 vkj0Mh0 flga us ty dh x.q koRrk c<k+ us ds fy, lpa kfyr fd;s tk jgs

dk;ØZ eka s o 'kk/s k }kjk mfpr ek=k ea sx.q koRrk;Dq r ty miyC/k djkus ij tkjs fn;kA lkFk gh ty x.q koRrk ds {k=s ea sjhoj cdaS fQYV'ªs ku rduhdh dks yds j vra jjk"Vhª ; o jk"Vhª ; Lrj ij py jgs i;z klks a dh tkudkjh nhA

;dw kLW V ds egkfun's kd] Mk0 jktUs nz MkHs kky us mRrjk[k.M ds fofHkUu tyL=kras ka s dh x.q koRrk] icz /a ku o vkjch,Q rduhdka s ij jkT; ea s gks jgs 'kk/s kdk;ka sZ a dh tkudkjh nhA

Hkkjr ljdkj ds foKku ,oa izkS|ksfxdh foHkkx ¼Mh,lVh½ us ,lthvkjvkj eksFkjksokyk ds Nk= vk;q"k xxZ ds ekWMy *vkbt vkWQ CykabM dks mRd`"V ekWMy ds :Ik esa p;fur dj iz'kfLr i= iznku fd;k x;k gSaA

iwjs ns'k ls Mh,lVh ds baLik;j ;kstuk ds rgr 14&16 vxLr rd fnYyh ds izxfr eSnku eas ekWMy izfr;ksfxrk vk;ksftr dh xbZ FkhA blesa ns'k ds djhc 750 Ldwyh Nk=&Nk=kvksa us Hkkx fy;k FkkA mRrjk[k.M esa ;wdkWLV bl ;kstuk dk fØ;kUo;u dj jgk gSA ftys ds ckn jkT; Lrjh; izfr;ksfxrk esa vk;q"k dk *vkbt vkWQ CykabM* ekWMy loZJs"B pquk x;k FkkA blds ckn jk"Vªh; izfr;ksfxrk ds fy, fnYyh Hkstk x;k ,oa ogka Hkh Mh,lVh us 20 ekWMyksa esa ls *vkbt vkWQ CykbaM* dks mRd`"V ekWMy ds :Ik esa pquk gSA

x<+oky fo'ofo|ky; dh vksjls xzhu dsfeLVªh ds egRo fo"k; ij vk;ksftr rhu fnolh; baMks ;w,l dk;Z'kkyk esa Ik;kZoj.k dks nwf"kr gksus ls cpkus ds fy, xzhu dsfeLVªh ds fl)karksa dks n`f"Vxr j[kdj dk;Z ij tksj fn;k x;kA ns'k&fons'k ls nsgjknwu igqaps fofHkUu fo'ofo|ky;ksa ds izksQsljksa us dgk fd Ik;kZoj.k dks lqjf{kr j[k Xykscy okfeaZx ls cpk tk ldrk gSaA ifj"kn ds egkfuns'kd] Mk0 jktsUnz MksHkky us crk;k fd ftyk Lrj ij eksckby oSu ds ek/;e ls ;qok oSKkfudksa dks Ik;kZoj.k lja{k.k vkSj xzhu dsfeLVªh dh vko';d tkudkfj;ka miyC/k djkbZ tkuh pkfg,A

i;kZoj.k laj{k.k ds fy,

xzhu dsfeLVªh ds fl)krksa ij tksj

34 35

foKku ifjppkZ o"kZ 2] vad 3 tuojh&ekpZ 2012

foKku /kke esa cusxk ckdZ iosfy;u ijek.kq foKku ds {k=s ea s vulq /a kku djus okys gj Nk= ds eu ea s ecaq bZ fLFkr HkkHkk ijek.kq vulq /a kku dUs nz dks djhc ls n[s kus dh pkgr gkrs h gAS tYnh gh mudh ;g reUuk nuw ea s gh ijw h gks tk,xhA vxys ,d ;k nks o"kZ ea s >k>jk ea s LFkkfir gks jgs foKku /kke ea s bl

dUs nz dh >yd ekMW y ds Lo:Ik ea s n[s kh tk ldxs hA

bl lca /a k ea s mRrjk[k.M jkT; foKku ,oa ikz |S kfs xdh ifj"kn ¼;dw kLW V½ vkjS HkkHkk ijek.kq vulq /a kku dUs nz ¼ckd½Z ds chp djkj gks pdq k gAS ckdZ us ;dw kLW V }kjk LFkkfir gks jgs foKku /kke ea s ckdZ

iofs y;u LFkkfir djus dh lgefr inz ku dj nh ga S ckdZ ds iez [q k ofj"B lykgdkj Mk0 ,u jkekefw r]Z Mk0 ;0w Jo.k deq kj] vkj0d0s flga vkjS foKku /kke ds ifj;kts uk vf/kdkjh Mk0 ch0ih0 ijq kfs gr ds chp gbq Z okrkZ ea s vU; dbZ enq n~ ka s ij Hkh lgefr cuhA

xzhu VsDuksykWth ij fopkj eaFkunqfu;k dks cpkus ds fy, fdl rjg xzhu VsDuksykWth ¼gfjr rduhd½ dk mi;ksx fd;k tk ldrk gS] bl ij ns'k&fons'k ds fo'ks"kKksa us eaFku fd;kA oDrkvkas us dgk fd dkcZu mRltZu ls Ik;kZoj.k dks lcls T;knk uqdlku igqap jgk gSA xq:dqy dkaxM+h fo'ofo|ky; esa fnukad 11 Qjojh] 2012 ls *xzhu VsDuksykWth QkWj ,Uok;jesaVy fjgsfcyhVs'ku* fo"k; ij 'kq: gq, varjk"Vªh; lsfeukj ds igys fnu fo'ks"kKksa us 93 'kks/k i= i<+sA lsfeukj esa mRrjk[k.M jkT; foKku ,oa izkS|ksfxdh ifj"kn ds egkfuns'kd Mk0 jktsUnz MksHkky us dgk fd nqfu;k Hkj esa bl le; Ik;kZoj.k dks cpkuk lcls cM+h pqukSrh gSA reke ns'kksa ds oSKkfud bl le; Ik;kZoj.k laj{k.k ds fy, 'kks/k vkSj iz;ksx dj jgs gSa dkcZu mRltZu ls Ik;kZoj.k dks lcls T;knk uqdlku igqap jgk gSA bl fn'kk esa xzhu VsDuksykWth dh enn ls Ik;kZoj.k laj{k.k fd;k tk ldrk gSA cqYxkfj;k ds iwoZ Ik;kZoj.k miea=h izks0 osadksa os"kdksa us dgk fd Ik;kZoj.k laj{k.k ds fy, varjk"Vªh; Lrj ij ,d uhfr cuk, tkus dh t:jr gSA

lw{e y?kq m|ksxksa esa tkx:drk gsrq dk;Z'kkyk

mRrjk[k.M jkT; foKku ,oa ikz |S kfs xdh ifj"kn us fnukda 28 Qjojh] 2012 dks jk"Vhª ; foKku fnol] vk0s ,u0th0lh ds ,0,e0,u0 ?kk"s k vkfW MVkfs j;e ea s vk;kfs tr fd;k] blea sMkfW YQu bLa VhV;~ Vw ] Mh0,0oh0] Mh0ch0,l0] ,l0th0vkj0vkj0 ¼ih0th0½ dkyW ts o Hkkjrh; iVs kª fs y;e lLa Fkku lers fofHkUu f'k{k.k lLa Fkkuka s ds 400 ls vf/kd Nk=&Nk=kvka sus ifz rHkkx fd;kA ;dw kLW V ds egkfun's kd Mk0 jktUs nz MkHs kky us dgk fd foKku ds Kku ls gh n's k rjDdh dh jkg ij vkxs c<+ ldrk gAS Hkkjrh; iVs kª fs y;e lLa Fkku ds fun's kd] ,0,e0vk0s xxZ us **fjVys {k=s ea s i;z Dq r b/Z ku ds ok"ihdj.k** o x<o+ ky fofo ds iow Z dyq ifr ikz 0s ,- ,u- ijq kfs gr us Nk=ka s dks **idz fr ds LoHkko** ij O;k[;ku fn;kA bl volj ij vk0s ,u0th0lh0 ds vf/k'kklh fun's kd] Jh 'kyS Us nz nRrk us Hkh vius thou ls dNq foKku lca f/kr vuHq ko ckV¡ As

jk"Vªh; foKku fnol

ifj;kstuk vf/kdkjh] ckSf/kd lEink lqfo/kk dsUnz] ;wdkWLV nsgjknwu] Jh papy flag cksgjk] izcU/ku ftyk m|ksx dsUnz] fiFkkSjkx<+ }kjk ckSf}d lEink dh mi;ksfxrk ij O;k[;ku fn;s x;sA dk;Z'kkyk esa Mk0 ,u0 iqusBk] ftyk leUo;d] ;wdkWLV] ftyk fiFkkSjkx<+] Mk0 vkj0,0 flag] ,lksfl,V izksQslj]

,y0,l0,e0 ih0th0 dkWyst] fiFkkSjkx<+] Mk0 ,0ds0 'kqDyk] gSM] fgUnh foHkkx] ,y0,l0,e0 ih0th0 dkWyst] fiFkkSjkx<+ vkfn ekStwn FksA dk;Z'kkyk esa ,e0,l0,e0bZ0 {ks= ls vk;s 100 izfrHkkfx;ksa us izfrHkkx fd;k rFkk muls vkbZ0ih0vkj0 ls lEcaf/kr iz'ukoyh dks Hkjok;k x;kA

ifj"kn ,oa ,y0,l0,e0 ih0th0 dkWyst fiFkkSjkx<+ ds la;qDr rRo/kku esa ,y0,l0,e0 ih0th0 dkWyst fiFkkSjkx<+ esa fnukad 21 ekpZ] 2012 dks *lw{e ,oa y?kq m|ksaxks gsrq ckSf)d lEink dh mi;ksfxrk^ uked fo"k; ij dk;Z'kkyk dk vk;kstu fd;k x;kA dk;Z'kkyk dk 'kqHkkjaHk] Mk0 Mh0,l0 ikaxrh] iz/kkukpk;Z] ,y0,l0,e0 ih0th0 dkWyst] fiFkkSjkx<+ }kjk fd;k x;k rFkk vkbZ0ih0vkj0 fo"k; ij vius fopkj izLrqr fd,A dk;Z'kkyk ds eq[; vfrfFk MkW lfjrk [k.Mdk] ofj"B oSKkfud vf/kdkjh] ;wdkWLV }kjk ifj"kn dh fofHkUu ifj;kstukvksa ij izdk'k Mkyk x;k rFkk ifj"kn ds vUrxZr ckSf/kd lEink lqfo/kk dsUnz ds ckjs esa crk;kA dk;Z'kkyk esa Jh xkSjo dqekj vks>k] izeq[k isVsUV ,ukfyLV] lh0ih0ds0 Xykscy] ubZ fnYyh] Jh eukst dqekj flag]

34 35

foKku ifjppkZ o"kZ 2] vad 3 tuojh&ekpZ 2012

foKku /kke esa cusxk ckdZ iosfy;u ijek.kq foKku ds {k=s ea s vulq /a kku djus okys gj Nk= ds eu ea s ecaq bZ fLFkr HkkHkk ijek.kq vulq /a kku dUs nz dks djhc ls n[s kus dh pkgr gkrs h gAS tYnh gh mudh ;g reUuk nuw ea s gh ijw h gks tk,xhA vxys ,d ;k nks o"kZ ea s >k>jk ea s LFkkfir gks jgs foKku /kke ea s bl

dUs nz dh >yd ekMW y ds Lo:Ik ea s n[s kh tk ldxs hA

bl lca /a k ea s mRrjk[k.M jkT; foKku ,oa ikz |S kfs xdh ifj"kn ¼;dw kLW V½ vkjS HkkHkk ijek.kq vulq /a kku dUs nz ¼ckd½Z ds chp djkj gks pdq k gAS ckdZ us ;dw kLW V }kjk LFkkfir gks jgs foKku /kke ea s ckdZ

iofs y;u LFkkfir djus dh lgefr inz ku dj nh ga S ckdZ ds iez [q k ofj"B lykgdkj Mk0 ,u jkekefw r]Z Mk0 ;0w Jo.k deq kj] vkj0d0s flga vkjS foKku /kke ds ifj;kts uk vf/kdkjh Mk0 ch0ih0 ijq kfs gr ds chp gbq Z okrkZ ea s vU; dbZ enq n~ ka s ij Hkh lgefr cuhA

xzhu VsDuksykWth ij fopkj eaFkunqfu;k dks cpkus ds fy, fdl rjg xzhu VsDuksykWth ¼gfjr rduhd½ dk mi;ksx fd;k tk ldrk gS] bl ij ns'k&fons'k ds fo'ks"kKksa us eaFku fd;kA oDrkvkas us dgk fd dkcZu mRltZu ls Ik;kZoj.k dks lcls T;knk uqdlku igqap jgk gSA xq:dqy dkaxM+h fo'ofo|ky; esa fnukad 11 Qjojh] 2012 ls *xzhu VsDuksykWth QkWj ,Uok;jesaVy fjgsfcyhVs'ku* fo"k; ij 'kq: gq, varjk"Vªh; lsfeukj ds igys fnu fo'ks"kKksa us 93 'kks/k i= i<+sA lsfeukj esa mRrjk[k.M jkT; foKku ,oa izkS|ksfxdh ifj"kn ds egkfuns'kd Mk0 jktsUnz MksHkky us dgk fd nqfu;k Hkj esa bl le; Ik;kZoj.k dks cpkuk lcls cM+h pqukSrh gSA reke ns'kksa ds oSKkfud bl le; Ik;kZoj.k laj{k.k ds fy, 'kks/k vkSj iz;ksx dj jgs gSa dkcZu mRltZu ls Ik;kZoj.k dks lcls T;knk uqdlku igqap jgk gSA bl fn'kk esa xzhu VsDuksykWth dh enn ls Ik;kZoj.k laj{k.k fd;k tk ldrk gSA cqYxkfj;k ds iwoZ Ik;kZoj.k miea=h izks0 osadksa os"kdksa us dgk fd Ik;kZoj.k laj{k.k ds fy, varjk"Vªh; Lrj ij ,d uhfr cuk, tkus dh t:jr gSA

lw{e y?kq m|ksxksa esa tkx:drk gsrq dk;Z'kkyk

mRrjk[k.M jkT; foKku ,oa ikz |S kfs xdh ifj"kn us fnukda 28 Qjojh] 2012 dks jk"Vhª ; foKku fnol] vk0s ,u0th0lh ds ,0,e0,u0 ?kk"s k vkfW MVkfs j;e ea s vk;kfs tr fd;k] blea sMkfW YQu bLa VhV;~ Vw ] Mh0,0oh0] Mh0ch0,l0] ,l0th0vkj0vkj0 ¼ih0th0½ dkyW ts o Hkkjrh; iVs kª fs y;e lLa Fkku lers fofHkUu f'k{k.k lLa Fkkuka s ds 400 ls vf/kd Nk=&Nk=kvka sus ifz rHkkx fd;kA ;dw kLW V ds egkfun's kd Mk0 jktUs nz MkHs kky us dgk fd foKku ds Kku ls gh n's k rjDdh dh jkg ij vkxs c<+ ldrk gAS Hkkjrh; iVs kª fs y;e lLa Fkku ds fun's kd] ,0,e0vk0s xxZ us **fjVys {k=s ea s i;z Dq r b/Z ku ds ok"ihdj.k** o x<o+ ky fofo ds iow Z dyq ifr ikz 0s ,- ,u- ijq kfs gr us Nk=ka s dks **idz fr ds LoHkko** ij O;k[;ku fn;kA bl volj ij vk0s ,u0th0lh0 ds vf/k'kklh fun's kd] Jh 'kyS Us nz nRrk us Hkh vius thou ls dNq foKku lca f/kr vuHq ko ckV¡ As

jk"Vªh; foKku fnol

ifj;kstuk vf/kdkjh] ckSf/kd lEink lqfo/kk dsUnz] ;wdkWLV nsgjknwu] Jh papy flag cksgjk] izcU/ku ftyk m|ksx dsUnz] fiFkkSjkx<+ }kjk ckSf}d lEink dh mi;ksfxrk ij O;k[;ku fn;s x;sA dk;Z'kkyk esa Mk0 ,u0 iqusBk] ftyk leUo;d] ;wdkWLV] ftyk fiFkkSjkx<+] Mk0 vkj0,0 flag] ,lksfl,V izksQslj]

,y0,l0,e0 ih0th0 dkWyst] fiFkkSjkx<+] Mk0 ,0ds0 'kqDyk] gSM] fgUnh foHkkx] ,y0,l0,e0 ih0th0 dkWyst] fiFkkSjkx<+ vkfn ekStwn FksA dk;Z'kkyk esa ,e0,l0,e0bZ0 {ks= ls vk;s 100 izfrHkkfx;ksa us izfrHkkx fd;k rFkk muls vkbZ0ih0vkj0 ls lEcaf/kr iz'ukoyh dks Hkjok;k x;kA

ifj"kn ,oa ,y0,l0,e0 ih0th0 dkWyst fiFkkSjkx<+ ds la;qDr rRo/kku esa ,y0,l0,e0 ih0th0 dkWyst fiFkkSjkx<+ esa fnukad 21 ekpZ] 2012 dks *lw{e ,oa y?kq m|ksaxks gsrq ckSf)d lEink dh mi;ksfxrk^ uked fo"k; ij dk;Z'kkyk dk vk;kstu fd;k x;kA dk;Z'kkyk dk 'kqHkkjaHk] Mk0 Mh0,l0 ikaxrh] iz/kkukpk;Z] ,y0,l0,e0 ih0th0 dkWyst] fiFkkSjkx<+ }kjk fd;k x;k rFkk vkbZ0ih0vkj0 fo"k; ij vius fopkj izLrqr fd,A dk;Z'kkyk ds eq[; vfrfFk MkW lfjrk [k.Mdk] ofj"B oSKkfud vf/kdkjh] ;wdkWLV }kjk ifj"kn dh fofHkUu ifj;kstukvksa ij izdk'k Mkyk x;k rFkk ifj"kn ds vUrxZr ckSf/kd lEink lqfo/kk dsUnz ds ckjs esa crk;kA dk;Z'kkyk esa Jh xkSjo dqekj vks>k] izeq[k isVsUV ,ukfyLV] lh0ih0ds0 Xykscy] ubZ fnYyh] Jh eukst dqekj flag]

36 37

dqekÅ¡ fo'ofo|ky; ds ,l-,l-ts- ifjlj vYeksM+k esa Xkf.krh; foKku ds mRd`"V dsUnz dh LFkkiukmRrjk[k.M jkT; foKku ,oa izkS|ksfxdh dkWxzsl 2011 ds xf.krh; foKku fo"k;d fopkj eaFku l= dh laLrqfr;ksa ds vkyksd esa mRrjk[k.M foKku f'k{kk ,oa vuqla/kku dsUnz ¼;w&ldZ½ }kjk dqekÅ¡ fo'ofo|ky; ds lksou flag thuk ifjlj vYeksM+k] ds xf.kr foHkkx esa Xkf.krh; foKku ds mRd`"V dsUnz dh LFkkiuk tuojh 2012] esa dh xbZ gSA bl dsUnz dks Hkkjrh; mPprj xf.kr ifj"kn~ }kjk izk/;kidksa gsrq nks vuqns'kkRed Ldwy vk;ksftr djus dh vuqefr feyh gS

vc rd ;g Lohd`fr ns'k esa fLFkr fdlh Hkh fo'ofo|ky; ¼'kks/k laLFkkuksa dks NksM+dj½ dks ugha feyh gSA viuh LFkkiuk ds cgqr vYi le; esa gh dsUnz }kjk 20 Qjojh] 2012 ls 3 ekpZ] 2012 rd Hkkjrh; ijek.kq ÅtkZ foHkkx }kjk fuf/kc) chtxf.krh; vuqns'kkRed Ldwy lQyrk iwoZd vk;ksftr fd;k x;k] ftlesa VkVk QkmaMs'ku] eqEcbZ] gjh'k pUnz 'kks/k laLFkku bykgckn] psUubZ xf.kr laLFkku] Hkkjrh; foKku f'k{k.k ,oa 'kks/k laLFkku eksgkyh ds vuqns'kdksa us ns'k Hkj ls vk;s gq,

xf.kr izk/;kidksa dk Kkuo/kZu fd;kA bl Ldwy esa mRrjk[k.M ds lkr izk/;kidksa lfgr vYeksM+k ifjlj ds LukrdksRrj fo|kfFkZ;ksa ,oa 'kks/k Nk=ksa us izfrHkkx fd;kA

foKku ifjppkZ o"kZ 2] vad 3 tuojh&ekpZ 2012

mRrjk[k.M jkT; foKku ,oa izkS|ksfxdh ifj"kn] ty laLFkku ,oa teZuh ds fo'ks"kKksa us vk;ksftr cSBd esa mRrjk[k.M esa py jgs 'kks/kksa ij eaFku fd;kA cSBd esa teZu fo'ks"kKksa us oSdfYid ÅtkZ 'kks/k ifj;kstuk ij uohure rduhd dk gLrkarj.k fd;s tkus ij lgefr O;Dr dhA

egkfuns'kd foKku ,oa izkS|ksfxdh ifj"kn Mk0 jktsUnz MksHkky us dgk fd ifj"kn] ty laLFkku o ;wfuoflZVh

ty laca/kh 'kks/kksa ij teZu fo'ks"kKksa ls fd;k eaFku vkWQ ,IykbM lkablst] teZuh foxr nks o"kksaZ ls **MsoysiesaV vkWQ fjoj cSad fQYVªs'ku bu fgy fjtu vkWQ mRrjk[k.M** ifj;kstuk ij dk;Z dj jgs gSaA ifj;kstuk ds rgr fjoj cSad fQYVªs'ku o 'kq) is;ty dh teZu oSKkfudksa }kjk lapkfyr uohure rduhdksa dks le>k o fØ;kfUor fd;k x;k gSA

'kks/k ifj;kstuk vafre pj.k esa gSA 'kh?kz gh yksxksa dks ihus ds fy, 'kq) ikuh miyC/k gksxkA cSBd esa nh?kZ vof/k dh 'kks/k ifj;kstukvksa ij fopkj&foe'kZ fd;k x;kA

mŸkjk[k.M foKku f'k{kk ,oa vuqla/kku dsUnz ¼;w&ldZ½

lkrosa ,oa vkBosa vkS"k/kh; ,oa lax/k ikS/kksa ij vk/kkfjr m|ferk izf'k{k.k dk;ZØe dk vk;kstu

mRrjk[k.M foKku f'k{kk ,oa vuqla/kku dsUnz ¼;w&ldZ½ }kjk foRriksf"kr ifj;kstuk ds vUrxZr vk;ksftr lkrosa m|ferk izf'k{k.k dk;ZØe dk vk;kstu fnukad 12&13 tuojh] 2012 dks lh-,l-vkbZ-vkj- dsUnzh; vkS"k/kh; ,oa lxa/k ikS/kk laLFkku&¼lheSi½ 'kks/k dsUnz] iUruxj Å/keflag uxj esa fd;k x;kA bl dk;ZØe esa mRrjk[k.M ds fofHkUu ftyksa vYeksM+k] gfj}kj]

ckxs'oj] nsgjknwu] fiFkkSjkx<+] uSuhrky ,oa Å/keflag uxj ds 21 izfrHkkfx;ksa us Hkkx fy;kA izf'k{k.kkfFkZ;ksa dks mRrjk[k.M jkT; ds fy;s vkfFkZd :i ls egRoiw.kZ vkS"k/kh; ,oa lxa/k ikS/kksa dh mUur [ksrh] mudk izlaLdj.k ,oa ewY;kadu rFkk mudh fcØh ds lEcU/k esa fo'ks"k :i ls izf'kf{kr fd;k x;k ,oa vkS"k/kh; o lxa/k ikS/kksa ij vk/kkfjr gcZy izksMDV~l fuekZ.k dh rduhd ,oa izkstsDV rS;kj djus ds lEcU/k esa Hkh foLrkj ls crk;k x;kA

blh Øe esa mRrjk[k.M foKku f'k{kk ,oa vuqla/kku dsUnz ¼;w&ldZ½ }kjk foRriksf"kr vkBosa vkS"k/kh; ,oa lax/k ikS/kksa ij vk/kkfjr m|ferk izf'k{k.k dk;Zdze dk vk;kstu fnukad 20&21 ekpZ] 2012 dks lh-,l-vkbZ-vkj- 'kks/k dsUnz] iqjkM+k] ftyk ckxs'oj esa fd;k

x;k bl vk;kstu esa mRrjk[k.M ds fofHkUu ftyksa vYeksM+k] gfj}kj] ckxs'oj] fVgjh x<+oky] vkSj uSuhrky ls vk;s 29 izfrHkkfx;ksa }kjk esUFkk dh fofHkUu fdLeksa] lrkoj] uhcw?kkl] jksteSjh] dkyes?k] liZxU/kk] ik;jsFkze] xqykc ,oa ftjsfu;e vkfn vkS"k/kh; ,oa lax/k ikS/kksa ds mRiknu ,oa izlaLdj.k fo"k;ksa ij fo'ks"kKksa }kjk izf'k{k.k iznku fd;k x;kA

vkbZ0ih0vkj0 fo"k; ij dk;Z'kkykvksa dk vk;kstu

ifj"kn] ikz |S kfs xdh lpw uk] iow kuZ eq ku ,oa eYw ;kda u ifj"kn ¼VkbQZ dS ½] ubZ fnYyh rFkk jktdh; ¼ih0th0½ dkyW ts ] d.kiZ ;z kx] pekys h ds l;a Dq r rRok/kku ea s vkb0Z ih0vkj0 fo"k; ij ,d fnolh; dk;'Z kkyk dk vk;kts u fnukda 27 ekp]Z 2012 dks fd;k x;kA dk;ØZ e dk mn?~ kkVu e[q ; vfrfFk ikz 0s ,l0,l0 jkor] fun's kd] ;fw uoflVZ h dES il us fd;kA dk;'Z kkyk ds iFz ke rduhdh l= ea s Jh lh0,e0 xUS n] iVS Vas ,VkuW h]Z ubZ fnYyh }kjk "IPR & their Management" rFkk Jh jkt's k nhf{kr] ,flfLVVas dkUVkª ys j vkQW iVS Vas ,.M Mhtkbul vkfW Ql] ubZ fnYyh }kjk "Patenting System in

India " fo"k; ij O;k[;ku fn;k x;kA dk;'Z kkyk ds f}rh; l= ea s Jh

,l0d0s ixa klk] d0s ,u0,l0] ikVuZ j xMq xkoa }kjk "Novelty & Inventiveness

in Patent" rFkk Mk0 Mh0ih0 mfu;ky] ofj"B oKS kfud vf/kdkjh] ;dw kLW V }kjk ih0vkb0Z lh0 lUs Vj rFkk ifj"kn ds dk;kZ asdh foLrkj ls tkudkjh nhA dk;ØZ e ea syxHkx 145 ifz rHkkfx;ka s us ifz rHkkx fd;kA

mRrjk[k.M jkT; foKku ,oa ikz |S kfs xdh ifj"kn] ikz |S kfs xdh lpw uk] iow kuZ eq ku ,oa eYw ;kda u ifj"kn ¼VkbQZ dS ½] ubZ fnYyh rFkk ,p0,u0ch0 x<o+ ky fo'ofo|ky;] Jhuxj ds l;a Dq r rRok/kku ea s;0w ,l0vkb0Z lh0] dES il] pkjS kl ifjlj ea s vkb0Z ih0vkj0 fo"k; ij ,d fnolh; dk;'Z kkyk dk vk;kts u fnukda 28 ekp]Z 2012 dks fd;k x;kA dk;ØZ e dk

mn?~ kkVu e[q ; vfrfFk ikz 0s ,l0,l0 jkor] fun's kd] ;fw uoflVZ h dES il us fd;kA dk;'Z kkyk ds iFz ke rduhdh l= ea s Jh lh0,e0 xUS n] iVS Vas ,VkuW h]Z ubZ fnYyh }kjk "IPR & their Management" rFkk Mk0 jkt's k nhf{kr] ,flfLVVas dkUVkª ys j vkQW iVS Vas ,.M Mhtkbul vkfW Ql] ubZ fnYyh }kjk "Patenting

System in India" fo"k; ij O;k[;ku fn;k x;kA dk;'Z kkyk ds f}rh; l= ea sJh ,l0d0s ixa klk] d0s ,u0,l0] ikVuZ j xMq xkoa }kjk "Novelty & Inventiveness

in Patent" rFkk ;dw kLW V ds ofj"B oKS kfud vf/kdkjh Mk0 Mh0ih0 mfu;ky }kjk ih0vkb0Z lh0 lUs Vj rFkk ifj"kn ds dk;kZ as dh foLrkj ls tkudkjh nhA dk;ØZ e ea s yxHkx 145 ifz rHkkfx;ka s us ifz rHkkx fd;kA

36 37

dqekÅ¡ fo'ofo|ky; ds ,l-,l-ts- ifjlj vYeksM+k esa Xkf.krh; foKku ds mRd`"V dsUnz dh LFkkiukmRrjk[k.M jkT; foKku ,oa izkS|ksfxdh dkWxzsl 2011 ds xf.krh; foKku fo"k;d fopkj eaFku l= dh laLrqfr;ksa ds vkyksd esa mRrjk[k.M foKku f'k{kk ,oa vuqla/kku dsUnz ¼;w&ldZ½ }kjk dqekÅ¡ fo'ofo|ky; ds lksou flag thuk ifjlj vYeksM+k] ds xf.kr foHkkx esa Xkf.krh; foKku ds mRd`"V dsUnz dh LFkkiuk tuojh 2012] esa dh xbZ gSA bl dsUnz dks Hkkjrh; mPprj xf.kr ifj"kn~ }kjk izk/;kidksa gsrq nks vuqns'kkRed Ldwy vk;ksftr djus dh vuqefr feyh gS

vc rd ;g Lohd`fr ns'k esa fLFkr fdlh Hkh fo'ofo|ky; ¼'kks/k laLFkkuksa dks NksM+dj½ dks ugha feyh gSA viuh LFkkiuk ds cgqr vYi le; esa gh dsUnz }kjk 20 Qjojh] 2012 ls 3 ekpZ] 2012 rd Hkkjrh; ijek.kq ÅtkZ foHkkx }kjk fuf/kc) chtxf.krh; vuqns'kkRed Ldwy lQyrk iwoZd vk;ksftr fd;k x;k] ftlesa VkVk QkmaMs'ku] eqEcbZ] gjh'k pUnz 'kks/k laLFkku bykgckn] psUubZ xf.kr laLFkku] Hkkjrh; foKku f'k{k.k ,oa 'kks/k laLFkku eksgkyh ds vuqns'kdksa us ns'k Hkj ls vk;s gq,

xf.kr izk/;kidksa dk Kkuo/kZu fd;kA bl Ldwy esa mRrjk[k.M ds lkr izk/;kidksa lfgr vYeksM+k ifjlj ds LukrdksRrj fo|kfFkZ;ksa ,oa 'kks/k Nk=ksa us izfrHkkx fd;kA

foKku ifjppkZ o"kZ 2] vad 3 tuojh&ekpZ 2012

mRrjk[k.M jkT; foKku ,oa izkS|ksfxdh ifj"kn] ty laLFkku ,oa teZuh ds fo'ks"kKksa us vk;ksftr cSBd esa mRrjk[k.M esa py jgs 'kks/kksa ij eaFku fd;kA cSBd esa teZu fo'ks"kKksa us oSdfYid ÅtkZ 'kks/k ifj;kstuk ij uohure rduhd dk gLrkarj.k fd;s tkus ij lgefr O;Dr dhA

egkfuns'kd foKku ,oa izkS|ksfxdh ifj"kn Mk0 jktsUnz MksHkky us dgk fd ifj"kn] ty laLFkku o ;wfuoflZVh

ty laca/kh 'kks/kksa ij teZu fo'ks"kKksa ls fd;k eaFku vkWQ ,IykbM lkablst] teZuh foxr nks o"kksaZ ls **MsoysiesaV vkWQ fjoj cSad fQYVªs'ku bu fgy fjtu vkWQ mRrjk[k.M** ifj;kstuk ij dk;Z dj jgs gSaA ifj;kstuk ds rgr fjoj cSad fQYVªs'ku o 'kq) is;ty dh teZu oSKkfudksa }kjk lapkfyr uohure rduhdksa dks le>k o fØ;kfUor fd;k x;k gSA

'kks/k ifj;kstuk vafre pj.k esa gSA 'kh?kz gh yksxksa dks ihus ds fy, 'kq) ikuh miyC/k gksxkA cSBd esa nh?kZ vof/k dh 'kks/k ifj;kstukvksa ij fopkj&foe'kZ fd;k x;kA

mŸkjk[k.M foKku f'k{kk ,oa vuqla/kku dsUnz ¼;w&ldZ½

lkrosa ,oa vkBosa vkS"k/kh; ,oa lax/k ikS/kksa ij vk/kkfjr m|ferk izf'k{k.k dk;ZØe dk vk;kstu

mRrjk[k.M foKku f'k{kk ,oa vuqla/kku dsUnz ¼;w&ldZ½ }kjk foRriksf"kr ifj;kstuk ds vUrxZr vk;ksftr lkrosa m|ferk izf'k{k.k dk;ZØe dk vk;kstu fnukad 12&13 tuojh] 2012 dks lh-,l-vkbZ-vkj- dsUnzh; vkS"k/kh; ,oa lxa/k ikS/kk laLFkku&¼lheSi½ 'kks/k dsUnz] iUruxj Å/keflag uxj esa fd;k x;kA bl dk;ZØe esa mRrjk[k.M ds fofHkUu ftyksa vYeksM+k] gfj}kj]

ckxs'oj] nsgjknwu] fiFkkSjkx<+] uSuhrky ,oa Å/keflag uxj ds 21 izfrHkkfx;ksa us Hkkx fy;kA izf'k{k.kkfFkZ;ksa dks mRrjk[k.M jkT; ds fy;s vkfFkZd :i ls egRoiw.kZ vkS"k/kh; ,oa lxa/k ikS/kksa dh mUur [ksrh] mudk izlaLdj.k ,oa ewY;kadu rFkk mudh fcØh ds lEcU/k esa fo'ks"k :i ls izf'kf{kr fd;k x;k ,oa vkS"k/kh; o lxa/k ikS/kksa ij vk/kkfjr gcZy izksMDV~l fuekZ.k dh rduhd ,oa izkstsDV rS;kj djus ds lEcU/k esa Hkh foLrkj ls crk;k x;kA

blh Øe esa mRrjk[k.M foKku f'k{kk ,oa vuqla/kku dsUnz ¼;w&ldZ½ }kjk foRriksf"kr vkBosa vkS"k/kh; ,oa lax/k ikS/kksa ij vk/kkfjr m|ferk izf'k{k.k dk;Zdze dk vk;kstu fnukad 20&21 ekpZ] 2012 dks lh-,l-vkbZ-vkj- 'kks/k dsUnz] iqjkM+k] ftyk ckxs'oj esa fd;k

x;k bl vk;kstu esa mRrjk[k.M ds fofHkUu ftyksa vYeksM+k] gfj}kj] ckxs'oj] fVgjh x<+oky] vkSj uSuhrky ls vk;s 29 izfrHkkfx;ksa }kjk esUFkk dh fofHkUu fdLeksa] lrkoj] uhcw?kkl] jksteSjh] dkyes?k] liZxU/kk] ik;jsFkze] xqykc ,oa ftjsfu;e vkfn vkS"k/kh; ,oa lax/k ikS/kksa ds mRiknu ,oa izlaLdj.k fo"k;ksa ij fo'ks"kKksa }kjk izf'k{k.k iznku fd;k x;kA

vkbZ0ih0vkj0 fo"k; ij dk;Z'kkykvksa dk vk;kstu

ifj"kn] ikz |S kfs xdh lpw uk] iow kuZ eq ku ,oa eYw ;kda u ifj"kn ¼VkbQZ dS ½] ubZ fnYyh rFkk jktdh; ¼ih0th0½ dkyW ts ] d.kiZ ;z kx] pekys h ds l;a Dq r rRok/kku ea s vkb0Z ih0vkj0 fo"k; ij ,d fnolh; dk;'Z kkyk dk vk;kts u fnukda 27 ekp]Z 2012 dks fd;k x;kA dk;ØZ e dk mn?~ kkVu e[q ; vfrfFk ikz 0s ,l0,l0 jkor] fun's kd] ;fw uoflVZ h dES il us fd;kA dk;'Z kkyk ds iFz ke rduhdh l= ea s Jh lh0,e0 xUS n] iVS Vas ,VkuW h]Z ubZ fnYyh }kjk "IPR & their Management" rFkk Jh jkt's k nhf{kr] ,flfLVVas dkUVkª ys j vkQW iVS Vas ,.M Mhtkbul vkfW Ql] ubZ fnYyh }kjk "Patenting System in

India " fo"k; ij O;k[;ku fn;k x;kA dk;'Z kkyk ds f}rh; l= ea s Jh

,l0d0s ixa klk] d0s ,u0,l0] ikVuZ j xMq xkoa }kjk "Novelty & Inventiveness

in Patent" rFkk Mk0 Mh0ih0 mfu;ky] ofj"B oKS kfud vf/kdkjh] ;dw kLW V }kjk ih0vkb0Z lh0 lUs Vj rFkk ifj"kn ds dk;kZ asdh foLrkj ls tkudkjh nhA dk;ØZ e ea syxHkx 145 ifz rHkkfx;ka s us ifz rHkkx fd;kA

mRrjk[k.M jkT; foKku ,oa ikz |S kfs xdh ifj"kn] ikz |S kfs xdh lpw uk] iow kuZ eq ku ,oa eYw ;kda u ifj"kn ¼VkbQZ dS ½] ubZ fnYyh rFkk ,p0,u0ch0 x<o+ ky fo'ofo|ky;] Jhuxj ds l;a Dq r rRok/kku ea s;0w ,l0vkb0Z lh0] dES il] pkjS kl ifjlj ea s vkb0Z ih0vkj0 fo"k; ij ,d fnolh; dk;'Z kkyk dk vk;kts u fnukda 28 ekp]Z 2012 dks fd;k x;kA dk;ØZ e dk

mn?~ kkVu e[q ; vfrfFk ikz 0s ,l0,l0 jkor] fun's kd] ;fw uoflVZ h dES il us fd;kA dk;'Z kkyk ds iFz ke rduhdh l= ea s Jh lh0,e0 xUS n] iVS Vas ,VkuW h]Z ubZ fnYyh }kjk "IPR & their Management" rFkk Mk0 jkt's k nhf{kr] ,flfLVVas dkUVkª ys j vkQW iVS Vas ,.M Mhtkbul vkfW Ql] ubZ fnYyh }kjk "Patenting

System in India" fo"k; ij O;k[;ku fn;k x;kA dk;'Z kkyk ds f}rh; l= ea sJh ,l0d0s ixa klk] d0s ,u0,l0] ikVuZ j xMq xkoa }kjk "Novelty & Inventiveness

in Patent" rFkk ;dw kLW V ds ofj"B oKS kfud vf/kdkjh Mk0 Mh0ih0 mfu;ky }kjk ih0vkb0Z lh0 lUs Vj rFkk ifj"kn ds dk;kZ as dh foLrkj ls tkudkjh nhA dk;ØZ e ea s yxHkx 145 ifz rHkkfx;ka s us ifz rHkkx fd;kA

pw¡fd ckSf)d lEink ^ekuo cqf) dk ,d mRikn gS* ;g dsoy fof/kor Lokeh }kjk ;k fof/kor Lokeh dh vuqefr ls gh bLrseky fd;k tk ldrk gSA

oSKkfud ,oa vkS|ksfxd vuqla/kku foHkkx ¼Mh0,l0vkbZ0vkj0½]

Hkkjr ljdkj] ubZ fnYyh }kjk ifj"kn dks Technopreneur Outreach

Centre (TUC) Lohd`r fd;k x;k gSSA mDr lsUVj gsrq ifj"kn jkT; ds

tu&ekul rFkk fo|kfFkZ;ksa ¼fo”ks’kdj ch0Vsd0 ,oa ,e0Vsd0 fMtVsZalu½

ls uohu rduhdksa ,oa vkfo"dkjksa dks O;olkf;d izksRlkgu nsus gsrq izLrko

vkeaf=r djrh gSA mDr dsUæ ds pkj oxZ 1½ Micro Technopreneurship

Support 2½ TePP Project Fund 3½ Seamless Scale-up Support for

TePP ,oa 4½ Supplementary TePP Fund ds vUrxZr fu/kkZfjr izk:Ik ij

izLrko vkeaf=r fd;s tkrs gSaA izLrko cukus lEcU/kh tkudkjh

Mh0,l0vkbZ0vkj0] ubZ fnYyh dh osolkbZV http://www.dsir.gov.in ,oa

ifj"kn dh osclkbZV http://ucost.in ij miyC/k gSA

lw{e] y?kq ,oa e/;e m|e (MSMEs) ea=ky; }kjk Lohd`r ¼lgk;rk izkIr½] izns'k ds izFke ckSf)d lEink lqfo/kk dsUnz (IPFC) dh LFkkiuk] mŸkjk[k.M jkT; foKku ,oa izkS|ksfxdh ifj"kn (UCOST) mŸkjk[k.M] nsgjknwu esa dh tk pqdh gSA vkbZ0ih0,Q0lh0 (IPFC) lw{e] y?kq ,oa e/;e m|e (MSMEs) ds vUrxZr isVsUV Qkbfyax] VªsMekdZ jftLVªs'ku] baMfLVª;y fMtkbZu bR;kfn lEcfU/k dk;Z djsxkA lkFk gh ;g dsUnz isVsUV] VªsMekdZ] dkWihjkbV RkFkk baMfLVª;y fMtkbZu bR;kfn lEkcfU/k lq>ko yksxksa dks nsxk ,oa buls lecfU/kr dkuwuh lykg Hkh bl ifj;kstuk dk eq[; y{; gSA bl dsUnz ds eq[; mn~ns'; ,oa lsoka, fuEuor~ gS&

1- ckSf)d lEink vf/kdkj (IPR) fo"k;d tkx:drk ,oa izksRlgu gsrq dk;kZ'kkykvksa dk vk;kstu djukA

2- MSMEs {ks= ds fy, IPR dh t:jr dk vkdyu dj mlds vuq:i lsok,a miyC/k djokukA

3- isVsUV Qkbfyax o vkuykbZu lpZ dh lqfo/kk iznku djukA

4- isVsUV] dkWihjkbZV] fMtkbZu ,oa VªsMekdZ jftLVªs'ku gsrq izksRlkfgr djukA

5- lw{e y?kq ,oa e/;e m|ksxksa dks isVsUV lecU/kh lykg nsuk RkFkk isVsUV Vwy dh tkudkjh iznku djukA

6- MSMEs {ks= esa ,d usVodZ LFkkfir djuk ftlls ckSf)d lEink dk lnqi;ksx fd;k tk ldsaA

INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY FACILITATION CENTRE (IPFC) 39

Ikgy ds lekpkjIkgy

ekWl dk;ZØe ds vUrxZr [kxksyh; Kku

jk"Vhª ; foKku ,oa ikz |S kfs xdh lpa kj ifj"kn]~ foKku ,oa ikz |S kfs xdh foHkkx Hkkjr ljdkj ds rRo/kku ea s ihiYq l ,lkfs 'k,'ku vkQW fgy ,fj;k ykUW plZ ¼igy½ lLa Fkk }kjk deq kÅ¡ {k=s ds fofHkUu fo|ky;ka s ea s ¼ekcs kby Iyus Vs fs j;e QkjW ,LVkª us kfW edy v.MjLVfaS .Mxa vexa LVMw .as Vl~ ½ ds f}rh; pj.k dk lpa kyu fd;k x;kA dk;ØZ e ea s ifj;kts ukf/kdkjh Jh olUr deq kj HkVV~ us crk;k fd py rkjke.My ds ifz r fo|kfFk;Z ka s es a vR;Ur dkrS gw y jgkA Hkkjh l[a ;k ea s Iyus Vs fs j;e ds Hkhrj ikz ts Ds Vj ,oa ,y-lh-Mh- ds ek/;e ls cãz k.M xgz ] u{k= ,oa rkjka s ds ckjs ea s fo|kfFk;Z ka s dks ikz jfEHkd tkudkjh inz ku dh xbAZ bl chp dbZ LFkkuka s ij jkf= ea s [kyq s vkleku ea s Hkh rkjka s dh fLFkfr;k¡ crkbZ xbAZ Jh HkVV~ us dgk fd Hkfo"; ea s ^igy* lLa Fkk ds ek/;e ls jkf=dkyhu vkdk'k n'kuZ dk;ØZ e vke ukxfjdka s ,oa fo|kfFk;Z ka s ds fy, vk;kfs tr fd;s tkus dh ;kts uk gAS

foKku fnol ij igy }kjk dk;ZØe 28 Qjojh dks jk"Vhª ; foKku fnol ds volj ij ^igy* lLa Fkk }kjk fiFkkjS kx<+ ds dbZ fo|ky;ka s ds ek/;e ls oKS kfud tkx:drk dk;ØZ eka s dk vk;kts u fd;k x;kA iez [q k dk;ØZ e ekul ,dMs eh ea svk;kfs tr fd;k x;kA dk;ØZ e ea s ikLs Vj] fucU/k ,oa Hkk"k.k ifz r;kfs xrk dk vk;kts u fd;k x;k rFkk fot;h ifz rHkkfx;ka s dks ijq Ldr fd;k x;kA dk;ØZ e dks lEckfs /kr djrs g,q jk"Vhª ; cky foKku dkxa lsz ds jkT; leUo;d Mk0W v'kkds deq kj iUr us fo|kfFk;Z ka s dk vkàku fd;k fd oKS kfud lkps inS k dj ds gh ge lokxaZ h.k fodkl dh dYiuk dks lkdkj dj ldrs gAaaS bl volj ij vk;kfs tr foKku inz 'kuZ h ea s fo|kfFk;Z ka s us viu&s vius ekMW y iLz rrq fd;s ftudk

eYw ;kda u Jh iez kns deq kj ik.M;s ] Jh xkjS o dkiMh+ ,oa Jh ctz 's k ik.M;s us fd;kA bl volj ij fo|ky; ds i'z kkld Jh clUr deq kj HkVV~ ,oa i/z kkukpk;kZ Jherh ihz fr flga us igy lLa Fkk }kjk foKku ykds fi;z dj.k ij vk/kkfjr dk;ØZ eka s ds vk;kts uka s dh ljkguk dhA

^l`tu* dk foekspu lekjksg o"kZ 2011 ea s jk"Vhª ; cky foKku dkxa lsz ds jkT; ,oa jk"Vhª ; Lrj ij ifz rHkkx djus okys cky OkKS kfudka s ds 'kk/s k vuHq ko i=ka s ds lkjk'a kka s dk lda yu ^^ltu** ds :i ea s r;S kj dj 28 ekpZ dks foekps u fd;k x;kA ^ltu* dk foekps u f'k{kkfon~ Jh clUr deq kj HkVV~ us fd;k ftlea s^igy* lLa Fkk ds lHkkxkj ea s vk;kfs tr bl lekjkgs ea s foKku ykds fi;z dj.k ls tMq s + ykxs ka s us Hkkx fy;kA Jh HkVV~ us ^ltu* dks cky oKS kfudka s dh ltukRedrk dk ,d nLrkots crkrs g,q bl i;z kl dh ljkguk dhA Jh iez kns deq kj ik.M;s ] lfpo] vdknfed lfefr us cky foKku dkxa lsz ds ek/;e ls fo|kfFk;Z ka s ds fy;s r;S kj fd;s x, bl epa grs q ^igy* lLa Fkk dh ljkguk dhA jkT; leUo;d Mk0W v'kkds deq kj iUr us crk;k fd vkxkeh o"kka sZ ls ltu ea s'kk/s k lkjk'a kka s ds vfrfjDr iow Z cky oKS kfudka s ds y[s k Hkh idz kf'kr fd;s tkus dh ;kts uk gAS

'kqØ ikjxeu ij dk;Z'kkyk esa lgHkkfxrkbl lnh dh lcls egRoi.w kZ [kxkys h; ?kVuk 'kØq ikjxeu grs q igy lLa Fkk }kjk r;S kjh dh tk jgh gAS gky gh ea s ;w dkLW V }kjk jk"Vhª ; dk;'Z kkyk ea s ifz rHkkx grs q Jh clUr deq kj HkVV~ dks ita kc ;fw uoflVZ h] p.Mhx<+ grs q ukfer fd;k x;kA Jh HkVV~ us voxr djk;k fd 'kØq dk ikjxeu ,d nyq HZ k [kxkys h; ?kVuk gS ftls n[s k ikuk gj ih<h+ ds fy, lEHko ugha gAS vly ea s ;g ?kVuk l;w Z xgz .k ls feyrh&tyq rh gAS 'kØq xgz

tc gekjh iFoh vkjS l;w Z ds chp ,d gh ry ij vk tkrk gS rks ikjxeu dh ?kVuk ?kfVr gkrs h gAS 'kØq xgz iFoh ls cgrq njw h ij gAS vkjS l;w Z dh ryq uk ea scgrq NkVs k gS blfy, mldh Nk;k rks iFoh dks <d+ ugha ikrh ij og l;w Z ds xkys s ds Hkhrj ls xtq jrk gvq k vo'; fn[kkbZ nrs k gAS ;g [kxkys h; ?kVuk ,d lnh ds ckn vkB o"kZ ds vUrjky ea s nks ckj ?kfVr gkrs h gAS lu~ 2004 ds ckn bl ?kVuk dh iuq jkofÙk 6 tuw 2012 dks ikz r% 4 cts ls 10 cts ds chp gkxs hA fdUrq ge bls l;w knsZ ; ds ckn gh n[s k ik,xas As bl utkjs dks n[s kus ds fy, vPNs fQYVj dh lgk;rk yus h vko';d gS D;kfas d uxa h vk[¡ kka s ls bls n[s kus dk i;z kl vk[¡ kka s ds fy, gkfudkjd gks ldrk gAS 6 tuw 2012 ds ckn 'kØq ikjxeu dh ?kVuk dk lk{kh cuus ds fy, /kjrh okfl;ka s dks fnlEcj 2017 rd dk bUrtkj djuk iMxs+ kA

6 tuw 2012 grs q Hkh vke ykxs ka s ds fy, lLa Fkk }kjk ;&w dkLV ds ek/;e ls r;S kjh dh tk jgh gAS

22 vizSy 2012fo'o iFoh fnol dk vk;kts u

11 ebZ 2012jk"Vhª ; ikz |S kfs xdh fnol ij O;k[;ku

20 ebZ 2012'kØq ikjxeu ij {k=s h; dk;'Z kkyk dk vk;kts u

22 ebZ 2012vUrjk"Z Vhª ; toS fofo/krk o"kZ ij fo|kfFk;Z ka s grs q ifz r;kfs xrkvka s dk vk;kts u

5 twu 2012fo'o i;koZ j.k fnol dk vk;kts u ,oa fo'k"s k O;k[;ku ekykdk vk;kts u

6 twu 2012^^'kØq ikjxeu** voykds u grss q leUo;u

ebZ f}rh; lIrkg& jk"Vhª ; cky foKku dkxa lzs grs q jkT; Lrjh; vfHke[q khdj.k dk;'Z kkyk dk vk;kts u

igy ds vkxkeh dk;ZØe

TECHNOPRENEUR OUTREACH CENTRE

(TePP)

pw¡fd ckSf)d lEink ^ekuo cqf) dk ,d mRikn gS* ;g dsoy fof/kor Lokeh }kjk ;k fof/kor Lokeh dh vuqefr ls gh bLrseky fd;k tk ldrk gSA

oSKkfud ,oa vkS|ksfxd vuqla/kku foHkkx ¼Mh0,l0vkbZ0vkj0½]

Hkkjr ljdkj] ubZ fnYyh }kjk ifj"kn dks Technopreneur Outreach

Centre (TUC) Lohd`r fd;k x;k gSSA mDr lsUVj gsrq ifj"kn jkT; ds

tu&ekul rFkk fo|kfFkZ;ksa ¼fo”ks’kdj ch0Vsd0 ,oa ,e0Vsd0 fMtVsZalu½

ls uohu rduhdksa ,oa vkfo"dkjksa dks O;olkf;d izksRlkgu nsus gsrq izLrko

vkeaf=r djrh gSA mDr dsUæ ds pkj oxZ 1½ Micro Technopreneurship

Support 2½ TePP Project Fund 3½ Seamless Scale-up Support for

TePP ,oa 4½ Supplementary TePP Fund ds vUrxZr fu/kkZfjr izk:Ik ij

izLrko vkeaf=r fd;s tkrs gSaA izLrko cukus lEcU/kh tkudkjh

Mh0,l0vkbZ0vkj0] ubZ fnYyh dh osolkbZV http://www.dsir.gov.in ,oa

ifj"kn dh osclkbZV http://ucost.in ij miyC/k gSA

lw{e] y?kq ,oa e/;e m|e (MSMEs) ea=ky; }kjk Lohd`r ¼lgk;rk izkIr½] izns'k ds izFke ckSf)d lEink lqfo/kk dsUnz (IPFC) dh LFkkiuk] mŸkjk[k.M jkT; foKku ,oa izkS|ksfxdh ifj"kn (UCOST) mŸkjk[k.M] nsgjknwu esa dh tk pqdh gSA vkbZ0ih0,Q0lh0 (IPFC) lw{e] y?kq ,oa e/;e m|e (MSMEs) ds vUrxZr isVsUV Qkbfyax] VªsMekdZ jftLVªs'ku] baMfLVª;y fMtkbZu bR;kfn lEcfU/k dk;Z djsxkA lkFk gh ;g dsUnz isVsUV] VªsMekdZ] dkWihjkbV RkFkk baMfLVª;y fMtkbZu bR;kfn lEkcfU/k lq>ko yksxksa dks nsxk ,oa buls lecfU/kr dkuwuh lykg Hkh bl ifj;kstuk dk eq[; y{; gSA bl dsUnz ds eq[; mn~ns'; ,oa lsoka, fuEuor~ gS&

1- ckSf)d lEink vf/kdkj (IPR) fo"k;d tkx:drk ,oa izksRlgu gsrq dk;kZ'kkykvksa dk vk;kstu djukA

2- MSMEs {ks= ds fy, IPR dh t:jr dk vkdyu dj mlds vuq:i lsok,a miyC/k djokukA

3- isVsUV Qkbfyax o vkuykbZu lpZ dh lqfo/kk iznku djukA

4- isVsUV] dkWihjkbZV] fMtkbZu ,oa VªsMekdZ jftLVªs'ku gsrq izksRlkfgr djukA

5- lw{e y?kq ,oa e/;e m|ksxksa dks isVsUV lecU/kh lykg nsuk RkFkk isVsUV Vwy dh tkudkjh iznku djukA

6- MSMEs {ks= esa ,d usVodZ LFkkfir djuk ftlls ckSf)d lEink dk lnqi;ksx fd;k tk ldsaA

INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY FACILITATION CENTRE (IPFC) 39

Ikgy ds lekpkjIkgy

ekWl dk;ZØe ds vUrxZr [kxksyh; Kku

jk"Vhª ; foKku ,oa ikz |S kfs xdh lpa kj ifj"kn]~ foKku ,oa ikz |S kfs xdh foHkkx Hkkjr ljdkj ds rRo/kku ea s ihiYq l ,lkfs 'k,'ku vkQW fgy ,fj;k ykUW plZ ¼igy½ lLa Fkk }kjk deq kÅ¡ {k=s ds fofHkUu fo|ky;ka s ea s ¼ekcs kby Iyus Vs fs j;e QkjW ,LVkª us kfW edy v.MjLVfaS .Mxa vexa LVMw .as Vl~ ½ ds f}rh; pj.k dk lpa kyu fd;k x;kA dk;ØZ e ea s ifj;kts ukf/kdkjh Jh olUr deq kj HkVV~ us crk;k fd py rkjke.My ds ifz r fo|kfFk;Z ka s es a vR;Ur dkrS gw y jgkA Hkkjh l[a ;k ea s Iyus Vs fs j;e ds Hkhrj ikz ts Ds Vj ,oa ,y-lh-Mh- ds ek/;e ls cãz k.M xgz ] u{k= ,oa rkjka s ds ckjs ea s fo|kfFk;Z ka s dks ikz jfEHkd tkudkjh inz ku dh xbAZ bl chp dbZ LFkkuka s ij jkf= ea s [kyq s vkleku ea s Hkh rkjka s dh fLFkfr;k¡ crkbZ xbAZ Jh HkVV~ us dgk fd Hkfo"; ea s ^igy* lLa Fkk ds ek/;e ls jkf=dkyhu vkdk'k n'kuZ dk;ØZ e vke ukxfjdka s ,oa fo|kfFk;Z ka s ds fy, vk;kfs tr fd;s tkus dh ;kts uk gAS

foKku fnol ij igy }kjk dk;ZØe 28 Qjojh dks jk"Vhª ; foKku fnol ds volj ij ^igy* lLa Fkk }kjk fiFkkjS kx<+ ds dbZ fo|ky;ka s ds ek/;e ls oKS kfud tkx:drk dk;ØZ eka s dk vk;kts u fd;k x;kA iez [q k dk;ØZ e ekul ,dMs eh ea svk;kfs tr fd;k x;kA dk;ØZ e ea s ikLs Vj] fucU/k ,oa Hkk"k.k ifz r;kfs xrk dk vk;kts u fd;k x;k rFkk fot;h ifz rHkkfx;ka s dks ijq Ldr fd;k x;kA dk;ØZ e dks lEckfs /kr djrs g,q jk"Vhª ; cky foKku dkxa lsz ds jkT; leUo;d Mk0W v'kkds deq kj iUr us fo|kfFk;Z ka s dk vkàku fd;k fd oKS kfud lkps inS k dj ds gh ge lokxaZ h.k fodkl dh dYiuk dks lkdkj dj ldrs gAaaS bl volj ij vk;kfs tr foKku inz 'kuZ h ea s fo|kfFk;Z ka s us viu&s vius ekMW y iLz rrq fd;s ftudk

eYw ;kda u Jh iez kns deq kj ik.M;s ] Jh xkjS o dkiMh+ ,oa Jh ctz 's k ik.M;s us fd;kA bl volj ij fo|ky; ds i'z kkld Jh clUr deq kj HkVV~ ,oa i/z kkukpk;kZ Jherh ihz fr flga us igy lLa Fkk }kjk foKku ykds fi;z dj.k ij vk/kkfjr dk;ØZ eka s ds vk;kts uka s dh ljkguk dhA

^l`tu* dk foekspu lekjksg o"kZ 2011 ea s jk"Vhª ; cky foKku dkxa lsz ds jkT; ,oa jk"Vhª ; Lrj ij ifz rHkkx djus okys cky OkKS kfudka s ds 'kk/s k vuHq ko i=ka s ds lkjk'a kka s dk lda yu ^^ltu** ds :i ea s r;S kj dj 28 ekpZ dks foekps u fd;k x;kA ^ltu* dk foekps u f'k{kkfon~ Jh clUr deq kj HkVV~ us fd;k ftlea s^igy* lLa Fkk ds lHkkxkj ea s vk;kfs tr bl lekjkgs ea s foKku ykds fi;z dj.k ls tMq s + ykxs ka s us Hkkx fy;kA Jh HkVV~ us ^ltu* dks cky oKS kfudka s dh ltukRedrk dk ,d nLrkots crkrs g,q bl i;z kl dh ljkguk dhA Jh iez kns deq kj ik.M;s ] lfpo] vdknfed lfefr us cky foKku dkxa lsz ds ek/;e ls fo|kfFk;Z ka s ds fy;s r;S kj fd;s x, bl epa grs q ^igy* lLa Fkk dh ljkguk dhA jkT; leUo;d Mk0W v'kkds deq kj iUr us crk;k fd vkxkeh o"kka sZ ls ltu ea s'kk/s k lkjk'a kka s ds vfrfjDr iow Z cky oKS kfudka s ds y[s k Hkh idz kf'kr fd;s tkus dh ;kts uk gAS

'kqØ ikjxeu ij dk;Z'kkyk esa lgHkkfxrkbl lnh dh lcls egRoi.w kZ [kxkys h; ?kVuk 'kØq ikjxeu grs q igy lLa Fkk }kjk r;S kjh dh tk jgh gAS gky gh ea s ;w dkLW V }kjk jk"Vhª ; dk;'Z kkyk ea s ifz rHkkx grs q Jh clUr deq kj HkVV~ dks ita kc ;fw uoflVZ h] p.Mhx<+ grs q ukfer fd;k x;kA Jh HkVV~ us voxr djk;k fd 'kØq dk ikjxeu ,d nyq HZ k [kxkys h; ?kVuk gS ftls n[s k ikuk gj ih<h+ ds fy, lEHko ugha gAS vly ea s ;g ?kVuk l;w Z xgz .k ls feyrh&tyq rh gAS 'kØq xgz

tc gekjh iFoh vkjS l;w Z ds chp ,d gh ry ij vk tkrk gS rks ikjxeu dh ?kVuk ?kfVr gkrs h gAS 'kØq xgz iFoh ls cgrq njw h ij gAS vkjS l;w Z dh ryq uk ea scgrq NkVs k gS blfy, mldh Nk;k rks iFoh dks <d+ ugha ikrh ij og l;w Z ds xkys s ds Hkhrj ls xtq jrk gvq k vo'; fn[kkbZ nrs k gAS ;g [kxkys h; ?kVuk ,d lnh ds ckn vkB o"kZ ds vUrjky ea s nks ckj ?kfVr gkrs h gAS lu~ 2004 ds ckn bl ?kVuk dh iuq jkofÙk 6 tuw 2012 dks ikz r% 4 cts ls 10 cts ds chp gkxs hA fdUrq ge bls l;w knsZ ; ds ckn gh n[s k ik,xas As bl utkjs dks n[s kus ds fy, vPNs fQYVj dh lgk;rk yus h vko';d gS D;kfas d uxa h vk[¡ kka s ls bls n[s kus dk i;z kl vk[¡ kka s ds fy, gkfudkjd gks ldrk gAS 6 tuw 2012 ds ckn 'kØq ikjxeu dh ?kVuk dk lk{kh cuus ds fy, /kjrh okfl;ka s dks fnlEcj 2017 rd dk bUrtkj djuk iMxs+ kA

6 tuw 2012 grs q Hkh vke ykxs ka s ds fy, lLa Fkk }kjk ;&w dkLV ds ek/;e ls r;S kjh dh tk jgh gAS

22 vizSy 2012fo'o iFoh fnol dk vk;kts u

11 ebZ 2012jk"Vhª ; ikz |S kfs xdh fnol ij O;k[;ku

20 ebZ 2012'kØq ikjxeu ij {k=s h; dk;'Z kkyk dk vk;kts u

22 ebZ 2012vUrjk"Z Vhª ; toS fofo/krk o"kZ ij fo|kfFk;Z ka s grs q ifz r;kfs xrkvka s dk vk;kts u

5 twu 2012fo'o i;koZ j.k fnol dk vk;kts u ,oa fo'k"s k O;k[;ku ekykdk vk;kts u

6 twu 2012^^'kØq ikjxeu** voykds u grss q leUo;u

ebZ f}rh; lIrkg& jk"Vhª ; cky foKku dkxa lzs grs q jkT; Lrjh; vfHke[q khdj.k dk;'Z kkyk dk vk;kts u

igy ds vkxkeh dk;ZØe

TECHNOPRENEUR OUTREACH CENTRE

(TePP)

40

foKku ifjppkZ o"kZ 2] vad 3 tuojh&ekpZ 2012

99oha Hkkjrh; foKku dkx¡ lsz

¼Hkkfodk½¡

vHkrw iow Z foKku&egkdHaq k

fnus'k pUnz 'kekZ

eq[; fo"k; % ÞlkaHkkosf'kr vfHkuohdj.k gsrq foKku ,oa izkS|ksfxdh &efgykvksa dh Hkwfedkß

¼lkbal ,.M VsDuksykWth QkWj bUuksos'ku & jksy vkWQ foesu½

99oha Hkkjrh; foKku dkx¡ lsz ds #i ea s oKS kfudka s dk vHkrw iow Z egkda Hq k foxr 3 ls 7 tuojh 2012 dks dfyxa k bLa VhV;~ Vw vkQW b.MfLV;ª y VDs ukyktW h ^fdV fo'ofo|ky;* ds fo'kky ,oa lfq o/kktud ikz xa .k ea s lEiUu gvq kA bl vk;kts u ea s n's k vkjS fon's k ds yxHkx 15]000 oKS kfudka s us lgHkfxrk dhA blds vfrfjDr fdV fo'ofo|ky; ds yxHkx 15]000 Nk=] vkfnokfl;ka s grs q lpa kfyr fo|ky;ka s ls yxHkx 15]000 Nk=] vkfs Mlk jkT; ds fofHk™k fo|ky;ka s ls cMh+ l[a ;k ea s Ldyw h cPp]s jk"Vhª ; o vUrjk"Z Vhª ; fudk;ka s ds ifz rfuf/k;ka s lfgr ,d yk[k ls Hkh vf/kd vkxa rdq bl volj ij fdV fo'ofo|ky; ea s i/kkjs ftuea s8 ukcs y ijq Ldkj fotrs k Hkh FkAs

;g HkO; vk;kts u fdV fo'ofo|ky; ,oa u's kuy bLa VhV;~ Vw vkQW lkbla ,tdw 's ku ,.M fjlpZ ¼,uvkb,Z lbvZ kj½ }kjk vkfs Mlk ljdkj ds lg;kxs ls vk;kfs tr fd;k x;kA jkT; dks igys Hkh nks ckj ;g loq lj ikz Ir gks pdq k gAS iFz ke ckj 49oha Hkkfodk¡ jkoUs 'kkW dkyts dVd ea s lu~ 1962 ea s vk;kfs tr gbq Z rFkk nlw jh ckj lu~ 1977 ea s 64oha Hkkfodk¡ vk;kfs tr djus dk lkHS kkX; ikz Ir gvq k mRdy fo'ofo|ky; Hkoq u's oj dkAs

41

mn~?kkVu lekjksg 99oha Hkkfodk¡ dk 'kkunkj mn?~ kkVu lekjkgs 3 tuojh ds ikz r% vkjHa k gvq kA bl egRoi.w kZ volj ij oKS kfudka s o ifz rHkkfx;ka s dks lEckfs /kr djrs g;q s n's k ds i/z kkue=a h Mk0 euekgs u flga us dgk fd lkekU; rkjS ls ,ls k ekuk tkrk gS fd foKku vehjka s dh leL;kvka s ds lek/kku ds fy;s gh iow Z LFkkfir gS tcfd xjhcka s dh leL;kvka s dh mi{s kk djrk g&S tks fd cgrq T;knk gAaS vr% gea s oreZ ku le; dh vko';drkvka s ds vu#q i ikz lfa xd oKS kfud lek/kku iLz rrq djus gAaS mUgkuas s vk|S kfs xd {k=s ka s ea sikfjr=a ds fy;s fe=or 'kk/s k vkjS fodkl ea s fuo's k c<k+ us ij cy fn;kA i/z kkue=a h us cryk;k fd mudh ljdkj us foKku ,oa ikz |S kfs xdh ds {k=s ea s mPp f'k{kk grs q u;s lLa Fkkuka s dh LFkkiuk dh gAaS 11 oha ipa o"kh;Z ;kts uk ea s 'kk/s k ,oa fodkl ij lkotZ fud fuo's k 20&25 ifz r'kr ifz ro"kZ dh nj ls c<k+ gS rFkk fo'ofo|ky;ka s ea s 'kk/s k vkjS oKS kfud J"s Brk ds fy;s ldS Mk+ a s ;kts ukvka s dks /ku miyC/k djok;k x;k gAS lkFk gh bLa ik;j ;kts uk ds vUrxrZ vuds Nk=ofRr;ka inz ku dh tk jgh gAaS bu i;z klka s ds cgs rj ifj.kke Hkh fey jgs gAS

bl volj ij vkfs Mlk ds e[q ;e=a h Jh uohu iVukod us foKku ds {k=s ea sjkT; dh egku foHkfw r;ka s ds ;kxs nku dk ftØ djrs g;q s dgk fd lkera pUnz 'k[s kj ,ls s ifz rHkk'kkyh fo}ku Fks tks fd igkMka s dh Åp¡ kbZ dks lk/kkj.k NMh+ ls ekirs FkAs e[q ;e=a h us jkT; ds iow Z

e[q ;e=a h Jh chtw iVuk;d dk mYy[s k djrs g;q s dgk fd mUgkuas s foKku f'k{kk dks c<k+ ok nus s ds fy;s dbZ f'k{kk lLa Fkkuka s dh J[a` kyk LFkkfir dh rFkk ofS 'od Lrj ij foKku dks c<k+ ok nus s ds fy;s ifz rf"Br ;uw Ls dk&s dfyxa ijq Ldkj dks ikz jEHk fd;kA fo'o ds dbZ egku oKS kfud bl ijq Ldkj ls lEekfur gks pdq s gAaS

dUs nhz ; foKku ,oa ikz |S kfs xdh e=a h Jh foykl jko n's ke[q k us n's k ds iFz ke i/z kkue=a h i0a tokgj yky ugs # ds dFku & Þdos y foKku ls gh ge viuh Hk[w k] xjhch] vLoPNrk] fuj{kjrk ,oa v/a kfo'okl tlS h leL;kvka s dk fuokj.k dj ldrs gßaS dk mYy[s k djds viuh ckr vkjHa k dhA Jh n's ke[q k us dgk fd foKku ds lgkjs gh n's k us cgeq [q kh ixz fr dh gAS gfjr Økfa r] mPp mRiknd fdLeka s rFkk df"k ea s ;=a hdj.k ds }kjk gh n's k vkRe fuHkjZ cuk gAS

mn?~ kkVu lekjkgs ea s vkfs M;k ds jkT;iky Jh ,e-lh- Hk.Mkj]s dUs nhz ; ;kts uk] foKku ,oa ikz |S kfs xdh rFkk iFoh foKku jkT;e=a h Mk0 v'ouh deq kj] Hkkfodk,¡ dh tujy v/;{k ikz 0s xhrk ckyh ,oa ikz 0s v'kkds dkys kjdj us Hkh epa dh 'kkHs kk c<k+ bAZ bl volj ij o"kZ 2011&12 ds fy;s 32 oKS kfudka s dks Hkkfodk,¡ ijq Ldkj Hkh inz ku fd;s x;As

rduhdh l=bl fo'kky vk;kts u ea s fo"k; okj iFkd&iFkd Iyus jh l'a kUl] ius y fMLd'ku] fo'k"s k O;k[;ku] ykds fi;z

O;k[;ku o ifjppkvZ ka s grs q rduhdh l= g;q As 8 ukcs y fotrs kvka s us Hkh O;k[;ku fn;As

dqN egRoiw.kZ O;k[;ku %&

Mk0ds0 dLrwjh jaxu%& ¼iz[;kr oSKkfud ,oa lnL;&;kstuk vk;ksx½

ÞfoKku uhfr fuek.Z kß fo"k; ij vius O;k[;ku ea s Mk0 dLrjw hjxa u us dgk fd 12oha ipa o"kh;Z ;kts uk ea s foKku uhfr }kjk n's k df"k] f'k{kk] LokLFk o lekt dY;k.k ds fodkl ds fy;s i;z Ru'khy gAS ;g Hkh i;z kl fd;s tk jgs gS fd fuek.Z k {k=s ea s jkts xkj ds volj inS k fd;s tk;a s rFkk ;oq k ifz rHkkvka s dk lja {k.k [kkts ,oa fodkl fd;k tk;s lkFk gh 'kk/s k ea s lgHkkfxrk c<k+ dj vk|S kfs xd o vdknfed {k=s ka s ea s ijLij lEc/a kka s dka sc<k+ ok fn;k tk;As

Mk0 oh0,e0 dVksp%& ¼lfpo] LokLFk ,oa 'kks/k foHkkx] Hkkjr ljdkj ,oa egkfuns'kd] bf.M;u dkmafly vkWQ esfMdy fjlpZ&vkbZlh,evkj½

ÞlHkh ds fy;s LokLFkß gekjk y{; gAS Mk0 dVkps us Mk0 euekgs u flga dh Þekuluw ykfa pxa flLVeß ij dh x;h fVIi.kh dh i'z kla k djrs g;q s dgk fd gea s^tyok;q ifjoruZ * o ^vFkZ flLVe* tlS s enq n~ ka s dks egRo nus k gkxs kA vkids dgk fd ,d Lor=a uhfr dk;fZ Uor gkus h pkfg;s ftlls <kp¡ kxr iuq fueZ k.Z k dk dk;Z vkjHa k gkAs

Mk0 lxhj ds czºepkjh%& ¼Mk;jDs Vj tujy] dkmfa ly vkQW lkbfa VfQd ,.M

40

foKku ifjppkZ o"kZ 2] vad 3 tuojh&ekpZ 2012

99oha Hkkjrh; foKku dkx¡ lsz

¼Hkkfodk½¡

vHkrw iow Z foKku&egkdHaq k

fnus'k pUnz 'kekZ

eq[; fo"k; % ÞlkaHkkosf'kr vfHkuohdj.k gsrq foKku ,oa izkS|ksfxdh &efgykvksa dh Hkwfedkß

¼lkbal ,.M VsDuksykWth QkWj bUuksos'ku & jksy vkWQ foesu½

99oha Hkkjrh; foKku dkx¡ lsz ds #i ea s oKS kfudka s dk vHkrw iow Z egkda Hq k foxr 3 ls 7 tuojh 2012 dks dfyxa k bLa VhV;~ Vw vkQW b.MfLV;ª y VDs ukyktW h ^fdV fo'ofo|ky;* ds fo'kky ,oa lfq o/kktud ikz xa .k ea s lEiUu gvq kA bl vk;kts u ea s n's k vkjS fon's k ds yxHkx 15]000 oKS kfudka s us lgHkfxrk dhA blds vfrfjDr fdV fo'ofo|ky; ds yxHkx 15]000 Nk=] vkfnokfl;ka s grs q lpa kfyr fo|ky;ka s ls yxHkx 15]000 Nk=] vkfs Mlk jkT; ds fofHk™k fo|ky;ka s ls cMh+ l[a ;k ea s Ldyw h cPp]s jk"Vhª ; o vUrjk"Z Vhª ; fudk;ka s ds ifz rfuf/k;ka s lfgr ,d yk[k ls Hkh vf/kd vkxa rdq bl volj ij fdV fo'ofo|ky; ea s i/kkjs ftuea s8 ukcs y ijq Ldkj fotrs k Hkh FkAs

;g HkO; vk;kts u fdV fo'ofo|ky; ,oa u's kuy bLa VhV;~ Vw vkQW lkbla ,tdw 's ku ,.M fjlpZ ¼,uvkb,Z lbvZ kj½ }kjk vkfs Mlk ljdkj ds lg;kxs ls vk;kfs tr fd;k x;kA jkT; dks igys Hkh nks ckj ;g loq lj ikz Ir gks pdq k gAS iFz ke ckj 49oha Hkkfodk¡ jkoUs 'kkW dkyts dVd ea s lu~ 1962 ea s vk;kfs tr gbq Z rFkk nlw jh ckj lu~ 1977 ea s 64oha Hkkfodk¡ vk;kfs tr djus dk lkHS kkX; ikz Ir gvq k mRdy fo'ofo|ky; Hkoq u's oj dkAs

41

mn~?kkVu lekjksg 99oha Hkkfodk¡ dk 'kkunkj mn?~ kkVu lekjkgs 3 tuojh ds ikz r% vkjHa k gvq kA bl egRoi.w kZ volj ij oKS kfudka s o ifz rHkkfx;ka s dks lEckfs /kr djrs g;q s n's k ds i/z kkue=a h Mk0 euekgs u flga us dgk fd lkekU; rkjS ls ,ls k ekuk tkrk gS fd foKku vehjka s dh leL;kvka s ds lek/kku ds fy;s gh iow Z LFkkfir gS tcfd xjhcka s dh leL;kvka s dh mi{s kk djrk g&S tks fd cgrq T;knk gAaS vr% gea s oreZ ku le; dh vko';drkvka s ds vu#q i ikz lfa xd oKS kfud lek/kku iLz rrq djus gAaS mUgkuas s vk|S kfs xd {k=s ka s ea sikfjr=a ds fy;s fe=or 'kk/s k vkjS fodkl ea s fuo's k c<k+ us ij cy fn;kA i/z kkue=a h us cryk;k fd mudh ljdkj us foKku ,oa ikz |S kfs xdh ds {k=s ea s mPp f'k{kk grs q u;s lLa Fkkuka s dh LFkkiuk dh gAaS 11 oha ipa o"kh;Z ;kts uk ea s 'kk/s k ,oa fodkl ij lkotZ fud fuo's k 20&25 ifz r'kr ifz ro"kZ dh nj ls c<k+ gS rFkk fo'ofo|ky;ka s ea s 'kk/s k vkjS oKS kfud J"s Brk ds fy;s ldS Mk+ a s ;kts ukvka s dks /ku miyC/k djok;k x;k gAS lkFk gh bLa ik;j ;kts uk ds vUrxrZ vuds Nk=ofRr;ka inz ku dh tk jgh gAaS bu i;z klka s ds cgs rj ifj.kke Hkh fey jgs gAS

bl volj ij vkfs Mlk ds e[q ;e=a h Jh uohu iVukod us foKku ds {k=s ea sjkT; dh egku foHkfw r;ka s ds ;kxs nku dk ftØ djrs g;q s dgk fd lkera pUnz 'k[s kj ,ls s ifz rHkk'kkyh fo}ku Fks tks fd igkMka s dh Åp¡ kbZ dks lk/kkj.k NMh+ ls ekirs FkAs e[q ;e=a h us jkT; ds iow Z

e[q ;e=a h Jh chtw iVuk;d dk mYy[s k djrs g;q s dgk fd mUgkuas s foKku f'k{kk dks c<k+ ok nus s ds fy;s dbZ f'k{kk lLa Fkkuka s dh J[a` kyk LFkkfir dh rFkk ofS 'od Lrj ij foKku dks c<k+ ok nus s ds fy;s ifz rf"Br ;uw Ls dk&s dfyxa ijq Ldkj dks ikz jEHk fd;kA fo'o ds dbZ egku oKS kfud bl ijq Ldkj ls lEekfur gks pdq s gAaS

dUs nhz ; foKku ,oa ikz |S kfs xdh e=a h Jh foykl jko n's ke[q k us n's k ds iFz ke i/z kkue=a h i0a tokgj yky ugs # ds dFku & Þdos y foKku ls gh ge viuh Hk[w k] xjhch] vLoPNrk] fuj{kjrk ,oa v/a kfo'okl tlS h leL;kvka s dk fuokj.k dj ldrs gßaS dk mYy[s k djds viuh ckr vkjHa k dhA Jh n's ke[q k us dgk fd foKku ds lgkjs gh n's k us cgeq [q kh ixz fr dh gAS gfjr Økfa r] mPp mRiknd fdLeka s rFkk df"k ea s ;=a hdj.k ds }kjk gh n's k vkRe fuHkjZ cuk gAS

mn?~ kkVu lekjkgs ea s vkfs M;k ds jkT;iky Jh ,e-lh- Hk.Mkj]s dUs nhz ; ;kts uk] foKku ,oa ikz |S kfs xdh rFkk iFoh foKku jkT;e=a h Mk0 v'ouh deq kj] Hkkfodk,¡ dh tujy v/;{k ikz 0s xhrk ckyh ,oa ikz 0s v'kkds dkys kjdj us Hkh epa dh 'kkHs kk c<k+ bAZ bl volj ij o"kZ 2011&12 ds fy;s 32 oKS kfudka s dks Hkkfodk,¡ ijq Ldkj Hkh inz ku fd;s x;As

rduhdh l=bl fo'kky vk;kts u ea s fo"k; okj iFkd&iFkd Iyus jh l'a kUl] ius y fMLd'ku] fo'k"s k O;k[;ku] ykds fi;z

O;k[;ku o ifjppkvZ ka s grs q rduhdh l= g;q As 8 ukcs y fotrs kvka s us Hkh O;k[;ku fn;As

dqN egRoiw.kZ O;k[;ku %&

Mk0ds0 dLrwjh jaxu%& ¼iz[;kr oSKkfud ,oa lnL;&;kstuk vk;ksx½

ÞfoKku uhfr fuek.Z kß fo"k; ij vius O;k[;ku ea s Mk0 dLrjw hjxa u us dgk fd 12oha ipa o"kh;Z ;kts uk ea s foKku uhfr }kjk n's k df"k] f'k{kk] LokLFk o lekt dY;k.k ds fodkl ds fy;s i;z Ru'khy gAS ;g Hkh i;z kl fd;s tk jgs gS fd fuek.Z k {k=s ea s jkts xkj ds volj inS k fd;s tk;a s rFkk ;oq k ifz rHkkvka s dk lja {k.k [kkts ,oa fodkl fd;k tk;s lkFk gh 'kk/s k ea s lgHkkfxrk c<k+ dj vk|S kfs xd o vdknfed {k=s ka s ea s ijLij lEc/a kka s dka sc<k+ ok fn;k tk;As

Mk0 oh0,e0 dVksp%& ¼lfpo] LokLFk ,oa 'kks/k foHkkx] Hkkjr ljdkj ,oa egkfuns'kd] bf.M;u dkmafly vkWQ esfMdy fjlpZ&vkbZlh,evkj½

ÞlHkh ds fy;s LokLFkß gekjk y{; gAS Mk0 dVkps us Mk0 euekgs u flga dh Þekuluw ykfa pxa flLVeß ij dh x;h fVIi.kh dh i'z kla k djrs g;q s dgk fd gea s^tyok;q ifjoruZ * o ^vFkZ flLVe* tlS s enq n~ ka s dks egRo nus k gkxs kA vkids dgk fd ,d Lor=a uhfr dk;fZ Uor gkus h pkfg;s ftlls <kp¡ kxr iuq fueZ k.Z k dk dk;Z vkjHa k gkAs

Mk0 lxhj ds czºepkjh%& ¼Mk;jDs Vj tujy] dkmfa ly vkQW lkbfa VfQd ,.M

foKku ifjppkZ o"kZ 2] vad 3 tuojh&ekpZ 2012

bMa fLV;ª y fjlpZ lh,lvkbvZ kj½ vc rd cgrq lkjh ;kts uk;a s o uhfr;ka cuk;h x;h gS yfs du buds tehuh Lrj ij dk;kUZ o;u o tu lgHkkfxrk dh vko';drk gAS vkius dgk fd mPp eYw ;ka s ,oa J"s Brk ds lkFk fo'ofo|ky;h O;oLFkk ds u;s ekxka Zs dh vko';drk gAS gea s foKku vkjS ikz |S kfs xdh ea s leUo; LFkkfir djds dke vkxs c<k+ uk gAS

Mk0 ,e0 jkt'ks[kju fiYybZ%& ¼midyq ifr] bfa njkxk/a kh eDq r fo'ofo|ky;] ubZ fnYyh½ Mk0 fiYybZ us foKku uhfr fuek.Z k ea s puq kfS r;ks a dk ftØ djrs g;q s dgk fd vlra fq yr vfHkuohdj.k lekt ds fy;s mi;kxs h ugha gkrs kA mUgkuas s crk;k fd foKku ,oa ikz |S kfs xdh ds ykHk vkt Hkh vke vkneh dh igp¡q ds ckgj gAaS

Mk0 ckykd`".k fi'kqifr %& ¼p;s jeus ] u's kuy ck;kMs k;oflVZ h vFkkfjVh&,u-ch-,½ lkbla vkQW ck;kMs k;oflVZ h ,oa ikfW ylh vkQW ck;kMs k;cflVZ h ds chp tMq k+ o o leUo; gkus k pkfg;As vkius bl ckr dk Hkh leFkuZ fd;k fd uhfr;k¡ lkotZ fud o futh Hkkxhnkjh ls gh cuk;h tkuh pkfg;As

Mk0Vh0 jkeklkeh %& ¼lfpo] foKku ,oa ikz |S kfs xdh foHkkx] Hkkjr ljdkj½ fd vkt le; vk x;k gS tc gea s ÞfoKku ds fy;s tu uhfr;kßas ds LFkku ij Þvke tu ds fy;s foKku uhfr;kßas ds rF; dk le>dj ifjoruZ djus gAaS mUgkuas s dgk fd foKku uhfr fuek.Z k ea s ;oq kvka s dks egRo fn;k tkrk gAS

Mk0 vkj0 fpnacje~ %& ¼iez [q k oKS kfud lykgdkj] Hkkjr ljdkj½ ÞfjlpZ ,.M buksos'ku% eus h Mk;e'as kUlß fo"k; ij O;k[;ku nrs s g;q s Mk0 vkj fpna cje us dgk fd Hkkjr ea s foKku ,oa ikz |S kfs xdh dk;ØZ eka s ea s cfs ld rFkk ,IykbM fjlpZ ds vfHkuohdj.k ds lkFk lUryq u Hkh dk;e gkus k pkfg;As mUgkuas s dgk fd n's k ea s rhoz vk|S kfs xd fodkl vkjS lkekftd fodkl bl ckr dk lcrw gS fd foKku ,oa ikz |S kfs xdh ds dkj.k xkz eh.k {k=s ka s ea sHkh rts h ls ifjoruZ gks jgs gAaS Mk0- fpnca je us dgk fd fofHkUu m|eka s dks mPp rduhdh ds uohdj.k grs q etcrw h ls 'kk/s k ,oa fodkl dh vko';drk

egllw gks jgh gAS mlds fy;s m|kxs ka svkjS vdknfed lLa Fkkvka s ds chp ijLij ifjppk;Z a s o lEc/a k vko';d gAaS mUgkuas s Þ'kk/s k&fodkl&forj.k dh J[a` kyk dk ftØ djrs g;q s dgk fd vk|S kfs xd fodkl ea s ^fodkl ,oa 'kk/s kß dMh+ detkjs gS tcfd xkz eh.k fodkl ea s^forj.k* vkMs + vk jgk gAS vr% bu leL;kvka s ls m|kxs o vdknfed lLa Fkk;a s ijLij feydj gh fuiV ldrs ga S vkjS xkz eh.k fodkl grs q ikz |S kfs xdh ea sl/q kkj yk;k tk ldrk gAS

Mk0 okbZ ch jkekd`".kk %& ¼p;s jeuS ] ck;k¶s ;yw ckMs ]Z xouxZ Vas vkQW dukVZ d½ vkt ÅtkZ dk n#q i;kxs gks jgk gAaS df"k vo'k"s kka s o xkcs j ls cuus okyh ck;kxs lS dks xkz eh.k {k=s ka s ea s rFkk Bkls o rjy dpjs ls cuus okyh ck;kxs lS dks 'kgjh {k=s ka s ea s c<k+ ok fn;k tkuk pkfg;As blls vYiek=k ea s gh inz "w k.k gkrs k gAS vkius ;g Hkh dgk fd gekjs ikl dkQh ek=k ea s uohdj.kh; ÅtkZ Hkh gS yfs du ge bldk mi;kxs ugha dj ik jgs gAaS

Mk0 f'kusZ'k ch0 dsnkjs %& ¼vkb-Z vkb-ZVh&eEq cb½Z lkjS ÅtkZ dks lkys j FkeyZ ,uthZ ds #i ea s bLres ky djuk uohdj.kh; ÅtkZ ds mi;kxs dk lcls vklku rjhdk gAS blls ge n's k ds ,d cMs + Hkkx ea s ÅtkZ dh deh dks ijw k dj ldrs gAaS

bl volj ij n's k ,oa fon's k ds i[z ;kr oKS kfudka s us ^gYS Fk d;s j fonkmV ckMW lZ &Z n Vys hefs Mflu o]s eVs juy ,.M pkbYM gYS Fk dis j&U;fw V'ª ku flD;kfs jVh] DykbeVs ptas ,.M QMw flD;kfs jVh] ÝfUVvlZ bu ,VeklQvs fjd lkbla ] Vfs dxa U;jw kfs Mtus jfs Vo fMthtts ] ,u ch lh VDs ukyktW ht QkjW vkEMZ Qkls lZs ,.M flfofy;Ul] xhz u fcfYMxa VDs ukyktW ht] uus kls kba l ,.M befs txa ] ,uhey vYVjufs VOl bu Vhfpxa ,.M Vfsa LVxa ] Dyhu ,uthZ Ýke fjU;,w cy lkls lZs ] dlas j LVes lys ] fjlVas ,Mokla ls bu QkekLZ ;fq Vdy lkbla ls ] #jy fyoyhgMq ,.M ykboLVkdW eus ts eVas rFkk ,uthZ ,.M lLVus fs cfyVh QkjW , xhz uj Veq kjks mifo"k;ka s ds vUrxrZ fofHkUu 'kh"kdZ ka s ij cMs + mi;kxs h O;k[;ku fn;As

foKku izn'kZuh vk;kts u ds iFz ke fnol gh dUs nhz ; foKku ,oa ikz |S kfs xdh rFkk iFoh foKku e=a h Jh foykl jko n's ke[q k us ^fdV LVfs M;e ea s fo'kky ^foKku inz 'kuZ h* dk mn?~ kkVu fd;kA bl volj ij 99oha Hkkfodk¡ ds e[q ; lja {kd ,oa fdV fo'ofo|ky; ds lLa Fkkid Mk0 ,- lkxa r rFkk tujy ilz hMVas ikz 0s xhrk ckyh Hkh mifLFkr FkhAa inz 'kuZ h 7000 oxZ eh0 {k=s ea s yxk;h x;h FkhA blea s 700 inz 'kdZ ka s,oa 150 lxa Buka s us Hkkxhnkjh dh FkhA

fMQlas fjlpZ ,.M Mos yieVas vkxuZs kbt's ku ¼MhvkjMhvk½s us viuh miyfC/k;ka s o xfrfof/k;ka s dks vius LVkyW ij n'kk;Z k FkkA blea s ,jkus kfW VDl] vkekeZ Us Vl~ ] dkEcVs ofs gdy ,.M bta hfu;fjxa ] byDs Vkª fuDl ,.M dEI;Vw j flLVe] ykbQ lkblZ las ] eVs fs j;Yl] felkbYl] uos y flLVel~ ] ,uchlh fMQUs l ,.M VDs ukyktW hl vkjS ,y-vkb-Zlh vkfn fcUnvq ka s dks fp=ka s ,oa ekMYl ds ek/;e ls n'kk;Z k x;k FkkA

Hkkjrh; paqcdRo lLa Fkku ¼uoh eqacb½Z ds LVkyW ij mudh o/s k'kkykvka s ,oa vkd¡ Mk+ fo'y"s k.k] mPprj ok;eq .Myh; v/;;u] HkHw kkfS rdh; pcaq dRo] vda h; vk;ukls kMs ,oa vra fj{k eklS e ds lEc/a k ea s tkudkjh nh x;h FkhA bLVhV;~ Vw vkQ feujYl ,.M eVs fs j;Yl VDs ukys ktW h ¼Hkoq u's oj½ us lLrk Vjs kfQy okVW j fQYVj cukus dh fof/k fn[kk;h ftlea s jrs ] feVV~ h o ydMh+ dk mi;kxs fd;k x;k FkkA ty lla k/ku e=a ky; Hkkjr ljdkj ds vUrxrZ l.S Vyª okVW j deh'ku us vius LVkyW ij vius lxa BukRed <kp¡ ]s xfrfof/k;k]a miyfC/k;k]a flpa kbZ fodkl] Vds uk&s Vd~ kuW kfs ed ,Ijts y vkQW ikz ts Ds Vl~ rFkk ikz ts Ds Vl~ dh ekuW hVfjxa dh tkudkjh nh FkhA ck;kVs Ds ukys ktW h M.~ MLVhª fjlpZ vflLVlas ikz xs kz e&chvkbvZ kjih ¼ck;kVs Ds ukys ktW h foHkkx] Hkkjr ljdkj½ dh vkjs ls yxk;s x;s LVkyW ea s ikz xs kz e dh foLrr tkudkjh nh x;h Fkh ftues & LekyW fctuls bukos 's ku fjlpZ bfuf'k,fVo VDs ukyktW h Mcs yieVas ikz xs kz e] bEiOwz M ,xhz dYpjy ikz Ms fDVfoVh] ,Qkfs McZ y gYs Fk d;s js ] ups jq y fjlkls lZs MkVk eus ts eVas flLVe] foKku ,oa ikz |S kfs xdh foHkkx ¼Hkkjr

42 43

ljdkj½ ds LVkyW ij Ldhe tus jVs j ;fq VfyVh] T;ks ocs lfolZ ikz Vs kVs kbi ocs cLs M flLVe QkjW gYs Fk] bVa hxVsz Ms ck;kfs t;kMs kVkols ] Vfªs uxa ,.M ;vw j vo;s juls o eus ts eVas LVDª pj ds fo"k; ea s cryk;k x;k FkkA

blh idz kj jktho xk/a kh ty df"k dUs nz ¼ukxiVV~ ue ftyk] rfeyukM½q ;xa bf.M;k fQYel ¼pUs ub]Z Dyfs jVh bf.M;k yfuxaZ lkYs ;'q kUl ¼pUs ub½Z ] jk"Vhª ; vfLFk fodykxa lLa Fkku ¼dkys dkrk½] u's kuy fe'ku vkuW cEcw ,Iyhd's ku] dkds kus V Mos yieVas ckMs ]Z ,UFkkz is kys kts hdy loZ svkQ bf.M;k] u's kuy dkmfa ly vkQW lkbla E;fw t;e ¼,ulh,l,e½] xtq jkr dkmfa ly vkuW lkbla ,.M VDs uhyktW h] dukVZ d LVVs ck;k¶s ;yw Mos yieVas ckMs ]Z jhtuy lkbla lVas j ¼Hkoq u's oj½ rFkk fdV fo'ofo|ky; ds fo'kky LVkYW l ij Kkuc/a kdZ o mRlkgo/kdZ tkudkfj;ka nh x;ha FkhAa

izFke efgyk foKku dk¡xzsl eq[; fo"k; & ÞfoKku esa efgyk;sa ,oa efgykvksa ds fy;s foKkuß

99oha Hkkfodk¡ ds ,d Hkkx ds #i ea siFz ke efgyk foKku dkx¡ lzs Hkh vk;kfs tr gbq Z ftldk mn?~ kkVu l;a Dq r jk"Vª vejs hdk ea s Hkkjr dh jktnrw Jherh fu#iek jko us fd;kA bldh l;a kts d Fkha Jherh ohuk xkLs okehA vius mn?~ kkVu Hkk"k.k ea s fu#iek jko us lgHkkxh efgyk oKS kfudka s dks mRlkfgr djrs g;q s efgyk f'k{kk dks c<k+ ok nus s rFkk mudh foKku ,oa ikz |S kfs xdh ea s lgHkkfxrk c<k+ us ij tkjs fn;kA bl volj ij Mk0 xhz Vpus dykxas h ¼, Mh xh QkjW ups jq y lkbla ;uq Ls dk½as ikz 0s xhrk ckyh] Mk0 Mh0 ijq na 's ojh ¼dUs nhz ; ekuo lla k/ku fodkl jkT;e=a h] Hkkjr ljdkj½ ,oa Mk0 fot; y{eh lDlus k ¼tujy lØs Vs hª ] lkbfZ VfQd ,fQ;l&Z 99oha Hkkfodk½¡ us Hkh lca kfs /kr fd;kA bl vk;kts u ea sO;k[;kuka o iLz rfq rdj.k ds pkj l= g;q As nks l=ka s ea s ÞfoKku ea s efgyk;ßas rFkk nks l=ka s ea s Þefgykvka s ds fy;s foKkuß fo"k;ka s dks dfs Unrz djds O;k[;kuka s o iLz rfq rdj.k g;q As buea s e[q ; #i ls n's k dh i[z ;kr 17 efgyk oKS kfudka s us viuk O;k[;ku iLz rrq fd;k] ftuea s Jherh

xhrk c/kuZ ¼Mk;jDs Vj] ,Mhvkjvkb,Z u bljk]s Mk0 fp=k jktxkis ky ¼,lkfs l,V Mk;jDs Vj lh,QbbZ ,Z l½ Mk0 dej jgeku tlS h efgyk oKS kfud 'kkfey FkhAa efgyk foKku dkx¡ lasz ea s ikLs Vj l's ku Hkh vk;kftr gvq kA lekiu l= es vkfs Mlk ljdkj dh efgyk ,oa cky fodkl foHkkx dh deh'uj de lØs Vs jh vkjrh vkgtq k Hkh i/kkjhA

5ok¡ foKku lapkjd lEesyu 99oha Hkkfodk¡ ds ,d Hkkx ds #i ea s 5ok¡ foKku lpa kjd lEeys u Hkh vk;kfs tr fd;k x;k ftldh l;a kfs tdk Fkha Mk0 xhrk lRiFkh ¼,lkfs l,V Mhu] Ldyw vkQW º;ew fuVht] fdV fo'ofo|ky;½

vk;kts u ds nlw js fnu 4 tuojh 2012 dks lEeys u dk mn?~ kkVu gvq k ftlea sMk0 xhrk lRiFkh us dk;ØZ e ds y{;ka sds fo"k; ea s crk;kA jk"Vhª ; foKku ,oa ikz |S kfs xdh lpa kj ifj"kn~ ¼foKku ,oa ikz |S kfs xdh foHkkx] Hkkjr ljdkj ds iez [q k Mk0 ch0ih0 flga us l= dks fo'k"s k lEck/s ku fn;kA mn?~ kkVu lekjkgs ds e[q ; vfrfFk Fks ikz 0s Mh0 cky loq Ez g.;e ¼fun's kd] fjlpZ fMohtu] ,y-oh-ih-b-Z vkb]Z gnS jkckn½A dk;ØZ e ea s lkjk'a k ifq Lrdk dk foekps u Hkh gvq kA lkblZ VkbEl U;tw ] O;tw ¼'kkgtgki¡ jq ] m0i0z ds lEiknd Jh bjQku º;ew us dks Mk0ch-lh-nos Lekjd ijq Ldkj ls lEekfur fd;k x;kA Jh º;ew us us bl volj ij viuk iLz rfq rdj.k Hkh fd;kA lEeys u ea se[q ; #i ls 18 O;k[;ku@itzs Vas 's ku gh ikLs Vj itz Vas 's ku g;q As e[q ; #i ls inz hi ds dnaq y ¼ukxijq ½] lfpu 'kekZ ¼t;ijq ½]

Jh fudtqa fcgkjh lkgw ¼Hkoq u's oj½ ikz 0s ,p-vkj- t;HHkk ¼cxa ykjS ½ Mk0 T;kRs Luk 'kekZ ¼xkft;kckn½ us vius iLz rfq rdj.k fn;As 5 tuojh dks vk;kfs tr lekiu l= ea s ikz 0s fprja tu nkl ¼p;s jeus ] LVVs ,Uok;eZs Vas bEiDs V vlls eVas vFkkfjVh] vkfs Mlk½ Hkh i/kkjAs

cky foKku dk¡xszl oKS kfudka s ds bl HkgkdHaq k ea s nLrd nus s ds fy, cky oKS kfud Hkh igp¡q s FkAs bu 80 cky foKkkfu;ka s us jk"Vhª ; cky foKku dkx¡ lsz ls rFkk 30 cky foKkfu;ks a us ,u lh bZ vkj Vh ls vkdj vius vfHkuo dk;ka Zs dk inz 'kuZ fd;kA egRoi.w kZ ckr ;g jgh fd vkfs Mlk jkT; ds fofHkUu Ldyw ka s ls yxHkx 90]000 Nk=@Nk=k;a sbu cky oKS kfudka s ds vfHkuo dk;ka Zs dks n[s kus vkjS muds mRlkgo/kuZ grs q igp¡q As

cky foKku dkx¡ lsz ds mn?~ kkVu lekjkgs ea s e[q ; vfrfFk ds #i ea s Hkkjr ds iow Z jk"Viª fr ,oa i[z ;kr oKS kfud Mk0 ,-ih-t-s vCnyq dyke Hkh i/kkjAs vius ijsz .kkLin mnc~ k/s ku ea s Mk0 dyke us cky foKkfu;ka s dks Þvius liuka s dks i[a k nks vkjS Åp¡ k mMk+ ßs dk e=a fn;kA mUgkuas s cPpka s ls foKku ,oa ikz |S kfs xdh ds {k=s ea svfHkuo dk;Z djus dk vkokgu fd;kA mUgkuas s dgk fd cPps ,d cMh+ 'kfDr ga SrFkk mudk mojZ efLr"d iFoh ij ,d 'kfDr'kkyh lla k/ku gAS Mk0 dyke us cPpka s dks ikz Rs lkfgr djrs g;q s dgk fd ;fn req vius ea s egku y{; lkeus j[kkxs s vkjS mlds fy;s Kku ikz Ir djds i;z kl djkxs s rks dkbs Z dkj.k ugha gS fd req mls ikz Ir u djkAs

foKku ifjppkZ o"kZ 2] vad 3 tuojh&ekpZ 2012

bMa fLV;ª y fjlpZ lh,lvkbvZ kj½ vc rd cgrq lkjh ;kts uk;a s o uhfr;ka cuk;h x;h gS yfs du buds tehuh Lrj ij dk;kUZ o;u o tu lgHkkfxrk dh vko';drk gAS vkius dgk fd mPp eYw ;ka s ,oa J"s Brk ds lkFk fo'ofo|ky;h O;oLFkk ds u;s ekxka Zs dh vko';drk gAS gea s foKku vkjS ikz |S kfs xdh ea s leUo; LFkkfir djds dke vkxs c<k+ uk gAS

Mk0 ,e0 jkt'ks[kju fiYybZ%& ¼midyq ifr] bfa njkxk/a kh eDq r fo'ofo|ky;] ubZ fnYyh½ Mk0 fiYybZ us foKku uhfr fuek.Z k ea s puq kfS r;ks a dk ftØ djrs g;q s dgk fd vlra fq yr vfHkuohdj.k lekt ds fy;s mi;kxs h ugha gkrs kA mUgkuas s crk;k fd foKku ,oa ikz |S kfs xdh ds ykHk vkt Hkh vke vkneh dh igp¡q ds ckgj gAaS

Mk0 ckykd`".k fi'kqifr %& ¼p;s jeus ] u's kuy ck;kMs k;oflVZ h vFkkfjVh&,u-ch-,½ lkbla vkQW ck;kMs k;oflVZ h ,oa ikfW ylh vkQW ck;kMs k;cflVZ h ds chp tMq k+ o o leUo; gkus k pkfg;As vkius bl ckr dk Hkh leFkuZ fd;k fd uhfr;k¡ lkotZ fud o futh Hkkxhnkjh ls gh cuk;h tkuh pkfg;As

Mk0Vh0 jkeklkeh %& ¼lfpo] foKku ,oa ikz |S kfs xdh foHkkx] Hkkjr ljdkj½ fd vkt le; vk x;k gS tc gea s ÞfoKku ds fy;s tu uhfr;kßas ds LFkku ij Þvke tu ds fy;s foKku uhfr;kßas ds rF; dk le>dj ifjoruZ djus gAaS mUgkuas s dgk fd foKku uhfr fuek.Z k ea s ;oq kvka s dks egRo fn;k tkrk gAS

Mk0 vkj0 fpnacje~ %& ¼iez [q k oKS kfud lykgdkj] Hkkjr ljdkj½ ÞfjlpZ ,.M buksos'ku% eus h Mk;e'as kUlß fo"k; ij O;k[;ku nrs s g;q s Mk0 vkj fpna cje us dgk fd Hkkjr ea s foKku ,oa ikz |S kfs xdh dk;ØZ eka s ea s cfs ld rFkk ,IykbM fjlpZ ds vfHkuohdj.k ds lkFk lUryq u Hkh dk;e gkus k pkfg;As mUgkuas s dgk fd n's k ea s rhoz vk|S kfs xd fodkl vkjS lkekftd fodkl bl ckr dk lcrw gS fd foKku ,oa ikz |S kfs xdh ds dkj.k xkz eh.k {k=s ka s ea sHkh rts h ls ifjoruZ gks jgs gAaS Mk0- fpnca je us dgk fd fofHkUu m|eka s dks mPp rduhdh ds uohdj.k grs q etcrw h ls 'kk/s k ,oa fodkl dh vko';drk

egllw gks jgh gAS mlds fy;s m|kxs ka svkjS vdknfed lLa Fkkvka s ds chp ijLij ifjppk;Z a s o lEc/a k vko';d gAaS mUgkuas s Þ'kk/s k&fodkl&forj.k dh J[a` kyk dk ftØ djrs g;q s dgk fd vk|S kfs xd fodkl ea s ^fodkl ,oa 'kk/s kß dMh+ detkjs gS tcfd xkz eh.k fodkl ea s^forj.k* vkMs + vk jgk gAS vr% bu leL;kvka s ls m|kxs o vdknfed lLa Fkk;a s ijLij feydj gh fuiV ldrs ga S vkjS xkz eh.k fodkl grs q ikz |S kfs xdh ea sl/q kkj yk;k tk ldrk gAS

Mk0 okbZ ch jkekd`".kk %& ¼p;s jeuS ] ck;k¶s ;yw ckMs ]Z xouxZ Vas vkQW dukVZ d½ vkt ÅtkZ dk n#q i;kxs gks jgk gAaS df"k vo'k"s kka s o xkcs j ls cuus okyh ck;kxs lS dks xkz eh.k {k=s ka s ea s rFkk Bkls o rjy dpjs ls cuus okyh ck;kxs lS dks 'kgjh {k=s ka s ea s c<k+ ok fn;k tkuk pkfg;As blls vYiek=k ea s gh inz "w k.k gkrs k gAS vkius ;g Hkh dgk fd gekjs ikl dkQh ek=k ea s uohdj.kh; ÅtkZ Hkh gS yfs du ge bldk mi;kxs ugha dj ik jgs gAaS

Mk0 f'kusZ'k ch0 dsnkjs %& ¼vkb-Z vkb-ZVh&eEq cb½Z lkjS ÅtkZ dks lkys j FkeyZ ,uthZ ds #i ea s bLres ky djuk uohdj.kh; ÅtkZ ds mi;kxs dk lcls vklku rjhdk gAS blls ge n's k ds ,d cMs + Hkkx ea s ÅtkZ dh deh dks ijw k dj ldrs gAaS

bl volj ij n's k ,oa fon's k ds i[z ;kr oKS kfudka s us ^gYS Fk d;s j fonkmV ckMW lZ &Z n Vys hefs Mflu o]s eVs juy ,.M pkbYM gYS Fk dis j&U;fw V'ª ku flD;kfs jVh] DykbeVs ptas ,.M QMw flD;kfs jVh] ÝfUVvlZ bu ,VeklQvs fjd lkbla ] Vfs dxa U;jw kfs Mtus jfs Vo fMthtts ] ,u ch lh VDs ukyktW ht QkjW vkEMZ Qkls lZs ,.M flfofy;Ul] xhz u fcfYMxa VDs ukyktW ht] uus kls kba l ,.M befs txa ] ,uhey vYVjufs VOl bu Vhfpxa ,.M Vfsa LVxa ] Dyhu ,uthZ Ýke fjU;,w cy lkls lZs ] dlas j LVes lys ] fjlVas ,Mokla ls bu QkekLZ ;fq Vdy lkbla ls ] #jy fyoyhgMq ,.M ykboLVkdW eus ts eVas rFkk ,uthZ ,.M lLVus fs cfyVh QkjW , xhz uj Veq kjks mifo"k;ka s ds vUrxrZ fofHkUu 'kh"kdZ ka s ij cMs + mi;kxs h O;k[;ku fn;As

foKku izn'kZuh vk;kts u ds iFz ke fnol gh dUs nhz ; foKku ,oa ikz |S kfs xdh rFkk iFoh foKku e=a h Jh foykl jko n's ke[q k us ^fdV LVfs M;e ea s fo'kky ^foKku inz 'kuZ h* dk mn?~ kkVu fd;kA bl volj ij 99oha Hkkfodk¡ ds e[q ; lja {kd ,oa fdV fo'ofo|ky; ds lLa Fkkid Mk0 ,- lkxa r rFkk tujy ilz hMVas ikz 0s xhrk ckyh Hkh mifLFkr FkhAa inz 'kuZ h 7000 oxZ eh0 {k=s ea s yxk;h x;h FkhA blea s 700 inz 'kdZ ka s,oa 150 lxa Buka s us Hkkxhnkjh dh FkhA

fMQlas fjlpZ ,.M Mos yieVas vkxuZs kbt's ku ¼MhvkjMhvk½s us viuh miyfC/k;ka s o xfrfof/k;ka s dks vius LVkyW ij n'kk;Z k FkkA blea s ,jkus kfW VDl] vkekeZ Us Vl~ ] dkEcVs ofs gdy ,.M bta hfu;fjxa ] byDs Vkª fuDl ,.M dEI;Vw j flLVe] ykbQ lkblZ las ] eVs fs j;Yl] felkbYl] uos y flLVel~ ] ,uchlh fMQUs l ,.M VDs ukyktW hl vkjS ,y-vkb-Zlh vkfn fcUnvq ka s dks fp=ka s ,oa ekMYl ds ek/;e ls n'kk;Z k x;k FkkA

Hkkjrh; paqcdRo lLa Fkku ¼uoh eqacb½Z ds LVkyW ij mudh o/s k'kkykvka s ,oa vkd¡ Mk+ fo'y"s k.k] mPprj ok;eq .Myh; v/;;u] HkHw kkfS rdh; pcaq dRo] vda h; vk;ukls kMs ,oa vra fj{k eklS e ds lEc/a k ea s tkudkjh nh x;h FkhA bLVhV;~ Vw vkQ feujYl ,.M eVs fs j;Yl VDs ukys ktW h ¼Hkoq u's oj½ us lLrk Vjs kfQy okVW j fQYVj cukus dh fof/k fn[kk;h ftlea s jrs ] feVV~ h o ydMh+ dk mi;kxs fd;k x;k FkkA ty lla k/ku e=a ky; Hkkjr ljdkj ds vUrxrZ l.S Vyª okVW j deh'ku us vius LVkyW ij vius lxa BukRed <kp¡ ]s xfrfof/k;k]a miyfC/k;k]a flpa kbZ fodkl] Vds uk&s Vd~ kuW kfs ed ,Ijts y vkQW ikz ts Ds Vl~ rFkk ikz ts Ds Vl~ dh ekuW hVfjxa dh tkudkjh nh FkhA ck;kVs Ds ukys ktW h M.~ MLVhª fjlpZ vflLVlas ikz xs kz e&chvkbvZ kjih ¼ck;kVs Ds ukys ktW h foHkkx] Hkkjr ljdkj½ dh vkjs ls yxk;s x;s LVkyW ea s ikz xs kz e dh foLrr tkudkjh nh x;h Fkh ftues & LekyW fctuls bukos 's ku fjlpZ bfuf'k,fVo VDs ukyktW h Mcs yieVas ikz xs kz e] bEiOwz M ,xhz dYpjy ikz Ms fDVfoVh] ,Qkfs McZ y gYs Fk d;s js ] ups jq y fjlkls lZs MkVk eus ts eVas flLVe] foKku ,oa ikz |S kfs xdh foHkkx ¼Hkkjr

42 43

ljdkj½ ds LVkyW ij Ldhe tus jVs j ;fq VfyVh] T;ks ocs lfolZ ikz Vs kVs kbi ocs cLs M flLVe QkjW gYs Fk] bVa hxVsz Ms ck;kfs t;kMs kVkols ] Vfªs uxa ,.M ;vw j vo;s juls o eus ts eVas LVDª pj ds fo"k; ea s cryk;k x;k FkkA

blh idz kj jktho xk/a kh ty df"k dUs nz ¼ukxiVV~ ue ftyk] rfeyukM½q ;xa bf.M;k fQYel ¼pUs ub]Z Dyfs jVh bf.M;k yfuxaZ lkYs ;'q kUl ¼pUs ub½Z ] jk"Vhª ; vfLFk fodykxa lLa Fkku ¼dkys dkrk½] u's kuy fe'ku vkuW cEcw ,Iyhd's ku] dkds kus V Mos yieVas ckMs ]Z ,UFkkz is kys kts hdy loZ svkQ bf.M;k] u's kuy dkmfa ly vkQW lkbla E;fw t;e ¼,ulh,l,e½] xtq jkr dkmfa ly vkuW lkbla ,.M VDs uhyktW h] dukVZ d LVVs ck;k¶s ;yw Mos yieVas ckMs ]Z jhtuy lkbla lVas j ¼Hkoq u's oj½ rFkk fdV fo'ofo|ky; ds fo'kky LVkYW l ij Kkuc/a kdZ o mRlkgo/kdZ tkudkfj;ka nh x;ha FkhAa

izFke efgyk foKku dk¡xzsl eq[; fo"k; & ÞfoKku esa efgyk;sa ,oa efgykvksa ds fy;s foKkuß

99oha Hkkfodk¡ ds ,d Hkkx ds #i ea siFz ke efgyk foKku dkx¡ lzs Hkh vk;kfs tr gbq Z ftldk mn?~ kkVu l;a Dq r jk"Vª vejs hdk ea s Hkkjr dh jktnrw Jherh fu#iek jko us fd;kA bldh l;a kts d Fkha Jherh ohuk xkLs okehA vius mn?~ kkVu Hkk"k.k ea s fu#iek jko us lgHkkxh efgyk oKS kfudka s dks mRlkfgr djrs g;q s efgyk f'k{kk dks c<k+ ok nus s rFkk mudh foKku ,oa ikz |S kfs xdh ea s lgHkkfxrk c<k+ us ij tkjs fn;kA bl volj ij Mk0 xhz Vpus dykxas h ¼, Mh xh QkjW ups jq y lkbla ;uq Ls dk½as ikz 0s xhrk ckyh] Mk0 Mh0 ijq na 's ojh ¼dUs nhz ; ekuo lla k/ku fodkl jkT;e=a h] Hkkjr ljdkj½ ,oa Mk0 fot; y{eh lDlus k ¼tujy lØs Vs hª ] lkbfZ VfQd ,fQ;l&Z 99oha Hkkfodk½¡ us Hkh lca kfs /kr fd;kA bl vk;kts u ea sO;k[;kuka o iLz rfq rdj.k ds pkj l= g;q As nks l=ka s ea s ÞfoKku ea s efgyk;ßas rFkk nks l=ka s ea s Þefgykvka s ds fy;s foKkuß fo"k;ka s dks dfs Unrz djds O;k[;kuka s o iLz rfq rdj.k g;q As buea s e[q ; #i ls n's k dh i[z ;kr 17 efgyk oKS kfudka s us viuk O;k[;ku iLz rrq fd;k] ftuea s Jherh

xhrk c/kuZ ¼Mk;jDs Vj] ,Mhvkjvkb,Z u bljk]s Mk0 fp=k jktxkis ky ¼,lkfs l,V Mk;jDs Vj lh,QbbZ ,Z l½ Mk0 dej jgeku tlS h efgyk oKS kfud 'kkfey FkhAa efgyk foKku dkx¡ lasz ea s ikLs Vj l's ku Hkh vk;kftr gvq kA lekiu l= es vkfs Mlk ljdkj dh efgyk ,oa cky fodkl foHkkx dh deh'uj de lØs Vs jh vkjrh vkgtq k Hkh i/kkjhA

5ok¡ foKku lapkjd lEesyu 99oha Hkkfodk¡ ds ,d Hkkx ds #i ea s 5ok¡ foKku lpa kjd lEeys u Hkh vk;kfs tr fd;k x;k ftldh l;a kfs tdk Fkha Mk0 xhrk lRiFkh ¼,lkfs l,V Mhu] Ldyw vkQW º;ew fuVht] fdV fo'ofo|ky;½

vk;kts u ds nlw js fnu 4 tuojh 2012 dks lEeys u dk mn?~ kkVu gvq k ftlea sMk0 xhrk lRiFkh us dk;ØZ e ds y{;ka sds fo"k; ea s crk;kA jk"Vhª ; foKku ,oa ikz |S kfs xdh lpa kj ifj"kn~ ¼foKku ,oa ikz |S kfs xdh foHkkx] Hkkjr ljdkj ds iez [q k Mk0 ch0ih0 flga us l= dks fo'k"s k lEck/s ku fn;kA mn?~ kkVu lekjkgs ds e[q ; vfrfFk Fks ikz 0s Mh0 cky loq Ez g.;e ¼fun's kd] fjlpZ fMohtu] ,y-oh-ih-b-Z vkb]Z gnS jkckn½A dk;ØZ e ea s lkjk'a k ifq Lrdk dk foekps u Hkh gvq kA lkblZ VkbEl U;tw ] O;tw ¼'kkgtgki¡ jq ] m0i0z ds lEiknd Jh bjQku º;ew us dks Mk0ch-lh-nos Lekjd ijq Ldkj ls lEekfur fd;k x;kA Jh º;ew us us bl volj ij viuk iLz rfq rdj.k Hkh fd;kA lEeys u ea se[q ; #i ls 18 O;k[;ku@itzs Vas 's ku gh ikLs Vj itz Vas 's ku g;q As e[q ; #i ls inz hi ds dnaq y ¼ukxijq ½] lfpu 'kekZ ¼t;ijq ½]

Jh fudtqa fcgkjh lkgw ¼Hkoq u's oj½ ikz 0s ,p-vkj- t;HHkk ¼cxa ykjS ½ Mk0 T;kRs Luk 'kekZ ¼xkft;kckn½ us vius iLz rfq rdj.k fn;As 5 tuojh dks vk;kfs tr lekiu l= ea s ikz 0s fprja tu nkl ¼p;s jeus ] LVVs ,Uok;eZs Vas bEiDs V vlls eVas vFkkfjVh] vkfs Mlk½ Hkh i/kkjAs

cky foKku dk¡xszl oKS kfudka s ds bl HkgkdHaq k ea s nLrd nus s ds fy, cky oKS kfud Hkh igp¡q s FkAs bu 80 cky foKkkfu;ka s us jk"Vhª ; cky foKku dkx¡ lsz ls rFkk 30 cky foKkfu;ks a us ,u lh bZ vkj Vh ls vkdj vius vfHkuo dk;ka Zs dk inz 'kuZ fd;kA egRoi.w kZ ckr ;g jgh fd vkfs Mlk jkT; ds fofHkUu Ldyw ka s ls yxHkx 90]000 Nk=@Nk=k;a sbu cky oKS kfudka s ds vfHkuo dk;ka Zs dks n[s kus vkjS muds mRlkgo/kuZ grs q igp¡q As

cky foKku dkx¡ lsz ds mn?~ kkVu lekjkgs ea s e[q ; vfrfFk ds #i ea s Hkkjr ds iow Z jk"Viª fr ,oa i[z ;kr oKS kfud Mk0 ,-ih-t-s vCnyq dyke Hkh i/kkjAs vius ijsz .kkLin mnc~ k/s ku ea s Mk0 dyke us cky foKkfu;ka s dks Þvius liuka s dks i[a k nks vkjS Åp¡ k mMk+ ßs dk e=a fn;kA mUgkuas s cPpka s ls foKku ,oa ikz |S kfs xdh ds {k=s ea svfHkuo dk;Z djus dk vkokgu fd;kA mUgkuas s dgk fd cPps ,d cMh+ 'kfDr ga SrFkk mudk mojZ efLr"d iFoh ij ,d 'kfDr'kkyh lla k/ku gAS Mk0 dyke us cPpka s dks ikz Rs lkfgr djrs g;q s dgk fd ;fn req vius ea s egku y{; lkeus j[kkxs s vkjS mlds fy;s Kku ikz Ir djds i;z kl djkxs s rks dkbs Z dkj.k ugha gS fd req mls ikz Ir u djkAs

44

foKku ifjppkZ o"kZ 2] vad 3 tuojh&ekpZ 2012

ckfodk¡ ea s fo|rq ifj"kn b.Vj dkyts ] iudh] dkuijq ] ¼m0i0z ½ ds Nk= xkjS o itz kifr us Þn ,ufyfll vkQW eVs fs j;Yl ;Tw M bu efs dxa lk;s y vkbMYl QkjW bdks ÝMas yh Mos yieVsa bu n ,fj;kß fo"k; ij viuk 'kk/s k i= iLz rrq fd;kA xoueZ Vas lhfu;j lds .s Mhª Ldyw c[kVs k] jkgs rd] ¼gfj;k.kk½ ds Nk= tkxs Us nz deq kj us ÞQlyka s ds vo'k"s k tyk;s tkus ls toS fofo/krk ij iMu+ s okys n"q iHz kko ,oa bldk icz /a kuÞ fo"k; ij fd;s vius v/;;u dk O;kjS k iLz rrq fd;kA xoueZ Vas lh-l-s Ldyw dY;k.k] ifV;kyk ¼ita kc½ ds Nk= xjq foUnj flga us Þfodykxa ka s ds fy;s edas fudy LVMh Vcs y ij ikz ts Ds V r;S kj fd;k Fkk tcfd ch-t-s b-Z ,e- Ldyw ¼Hkoq u's oj½ dh Nk=k LoksLrnk i/z kku us vius legw lkfFk;ka sds lkFkÞ Hkoq u's oj uxj ds vkl&ikl Hkfw e mi;kxs ds cnyrs rjhdka s ij viuk 'kk/s k i= iLz rrq fd;k FkkA

;ax lkabfVLV vokMZ 2011&2012 bl volj ij n's k Hkj ds 16 ;oq k oKS kfudka s dks ;xa lkbfZ VLV vokMZ 2011&12 ls lEekfur fd;k x;kA ;s oKS kfud g%aS & foKk dls jh ¼xoq kgkVh½] fufru ikBd ¼Hkkis ky½] 'kcue~ ¼verlj½] eg's k lUq njjktu ¼ecaq b½Z ikyS kxh ?kk"s k ¼tknoijq fo'ofo|ky;½] ,l-ik;kys ¼rts ijq ½] ljq fHk nhikyh ¼Hkoq u's oj½] nos kjkrh pØorhZ ¼dkys dkrk½] vk'krq k"s k deq kj ncw s ¼dkuijq ½] fnyhi deq kj ¼djs y½] lpq Unu dk;y ¼vkbvZ kbVZ h [kMx+ ijq ½] jktUs nz flga ¼y[kuŽ] lthr e[q kthZ ¼dkys dkrk½] jkt's k ds uk;j ¼eEq cb½Z ] jf'e flga ¼Hknkgs h½] tehn[w kj ¼f'kykxa ½]

lkaLd`frd dk;ZØeksa dk vk;kstu fnuHkj ifjpkpkvZ ka s o O;k[;kuka s ea s O;Lr jgs oKS kfudka s o ifz rfuf/k;ka s ds eukjs tu ds fy;s ifz rfnu l/a ;k le; mPp dkfs V

ds jxa kjxa lkLa dfrd dk;ØZ eka s dk vk;kts u fd;k x;k FkkA ftuea s filaz xizq ] mn;'kda j xiqz ] gfjgj xiqz ] dey's k HkkbZ ,p-iVys ] fuR;kuna xiqz ] vkfVDZ ;yw Vs xiqz us viuh cgs rjhu ifz rHkkvka s dk inz 'kuZ fd;kA bl volj ij ek/kok Hktue]~ tVk;ew k{s ;] r=a ] xkVs h ivq k] NkÅ uR; ,oa lca yijq h uR; tlaS s dk;ØZ e Hkh iLz rrq fd;s x;As lHkh us eDq r d.B ls bu dk;ØZ eka s dh i'z kla k dhA

bl idz kj ikp¡ fnuka s rd pys bl cgvq k;keh foKku egkdHaq k dk lekiu gvq kA ijw s mRlkg] mexa ka s vkjS egRokdk{a kkvka s ds lkFk lHkh lgHkkxh@oKS kfud viu&s vius xra O;ka sdh vkjs jokuk g,q A

okys.Vjh baLVhV~;wV QkWjdE;qfuVh ,IykbM lkbal fodkl

izks0 veR;Zlsu %& ikz 0s veR;lZ us dk tUe 1933 ea s ,d lHa kkz r cxa kyh ifjokj ea s gvq k FkkA vkidh ikz jfa Hkd f'k{kk <kdk ea s gbq AZ vkius fo'oHkkjrh ea svkxs i<k+ bZ dhA o"kZ 1998 ea s vkidks bdkuW kfs ed lkba l* ea s ukcs y ijq Ldkj ikz Ir gvq kA vkidh dbZ iLq rda s rFkk 'kk/s k i= dbZ tuYZ l ea s idz kf'kr gAaS vkidh iLq rds 30 ls vf/kd Hkk"kkvka s ea s vufw nr gks pdq ha gAaS

lqJh dkjksfyu MCY;w xzkbaMj %& vkidk tUe 1961 ea s dys hQkfs u;Z k ea s gvq k FkkA vius v/;;u dky ea s fo'o fo|ky; ea s Hkh vkius dbZ vfo"dkj fd;As vkius ekys Ds ;yw j ck;kys ktW h ea s ih,p-Mh- i.w kZ dhA vkidks fjlpZ vkuW n LVDª pj vkQW Vys kes kjs * ds dkj.k o"kZ 2009 ea s fQft;kys ktW h vkjS efs Mflu ds fy;s ukcs y ijq Ldkj ikz Ir gvq kA blds vykok Hkh vkidks ,d ntuZ ls vf/kd lEeku o ijq Ldkj ikz Ir g;q s gAaS

izks0 fjpMZ jkWcVZ vUlZV %& vkidk tUe 1933 ea s fLoVtjy.S M ea s gvq k FkkA fQftdy dfs eLVhª ea s vkius viuk fMIykes k o ih,p-Mh- i.w kZ dhA vkius o"kZ 1921 ea s jlk;u foKku ea s ukcs y ijq Ldkj ikz Ir fd;kA 99oha Hkkfodk¡ ea s vkius ,dMs fed vikpW fZq uVht QkjW 'kfs ixa , cVs j ¶;pw j* fo"k; ij viuk O;k[;ku fn;kA

izks0 jksYQ ,e0 ftadjusxy %& vkidk tUe 1944 ea s fLoVtjy.S M ea s gvq kA vkius efs Mflu ,.M dfS eLVhª ea s vius v/;;u dks vkxs c<k+ ;kA vkius vkLVfsª y;k ds ihVj lh Mkgs VhZ ds lkFk 1996 ea s fQft;kys ktW h vkjS efs Mflu ea s ukcs y ijq Ldkj ikz Ir fd;kA 99oha Hkkfodk¡ ea s ÞOgkbZ Mw oh ukVW goS , oDs lhu vxLas V ,p vkbZ oh vkjW Vh chß fo"k; ij viuk O;k[;ku fn;kA

izks0 dqVZ chFkfjp %& vkidk tUe lu~ 1938 ea s fLoVtjy.S M ds ,d xko¡ ea s gvq k FkkA xkz eh.k i;koZ j.k] iMs + ik/S kka s ,oa i'kvq ka s ls lEidZ us de vk;q ea s gh ups jq y lkbla ea s mudh fnypLih dk c<k+ ;kA xko¡ ds fo|ky; ea s v/;;u ds nkjS ku gh vkius vius vdknfed dk;Z Hkh tkjh j[kAs vkius lu~ 2002 ea s jlk;u foKkku ea s ukcs y ijq Ldkj ikz Ir fd;kA 99oha Hkkfodk¡ ea s vkius cfs ld fjlpZ ,.M º;ew us Mys h ykbQ* fo"k; ij O;k[;ku fn;kA

jkcVZ th ,MoM~lZ %& vki fcVz us ds ,d fQft;kys kfW tLV gAaS vkius 1955 ea s ih,p-Mh- i.w kAZ dbZ ifz rf"Br fo'ofo|ky;ka s ea s v/;kiu dk;Z ds lkFk&lkFk viuk v/;;u o 'kk/s k Hkh tkjh j[kkA ,d oKS kfud o efs Mdy tuyZ ds lEiknd ds #i ea s vki vius dfS j;j dks vkxs c<k+ jgs gAaS

xks0 ;quql%& ekgs Een ;uq lq dk tUe 1940 ea s gvq k FkkA mudk cpiu xko¡ ea s chrk rFkk LukrdkÙs kj f'k{kk <kdk ea s ikz Ir dhA vki i[z ;ku vFk'Z kkL=h gS rFkk vkius ckXa ykn's k ea s dbZ egRoi.w kZ nkf;Ro fuHkk;s gAaS vkius ,d fjlpZ ikz Qs ls j ds #i ea s ljy bdkuW kfs ed ikz xs kz e LFkkfir fd;kA vkidks fo'o Lrj ij vuds lEeku ikz Ir g;q s gASa o"kZ 2006 ea s vkidks ukcs y 'kkfa r ijq Ldkj ls lEekfur fd;k x;kA

Msy Vh- ekWVsZlu%& vki 1939 ea s tUes ,d vefs jdh vFk'Z kkL=h gAaS vkidks lu~ 2010 ea s bdkuW kfs ld lkbla es ukcs y ijq Ldkj ikz Ir gvq kA ebZ 2011 ea s vkidks Þ,ukfyfll vkQW ekdVZs l~ fon~ lpZ fÝD'kUlß ds fy;s ^MkDVj vkQW lkblZ * dh ekun mikf/k ls Hkh lEekfur fd;k x;kA vkFklZ fo'ofo|ky; us vkids lEeku ea s ,d Hkou dk uke n U;w Mys Vh- efVlZ u fcfYMxa * j[kk gS tgk¡ vUrjk"Z Vhª ; 'kk/s k dh xfrfof/k;k¡ gkrs h gAS

^ukcs y fotrs k tks 99oha Hkkfodk¡ ea s i/kkj*s

fooj.k] forj.k ,oa mRifÙk

*dnyh* laLd`r Hkk"kk dk 'kCn gSA bls fgUnh esa *dsyk* dgrs gSaA fo'o dk lcls cM+k 'kkdh; ikS/kk dnyh E;wtslh dqy dk gS] ftldk ySfVu uke E;wtk iSjkfMfl,dk ,y0 gSA bldk mRifÙk LFkku nf{k.kh ,f'k;k fo'ks"kdj nf{k.kh phu] eyk;k o Hkkjr ekuk tkrk gSA fo'oHkj esa bldh 33 iztkfr;k¡ feyrh gSa ftuesa dqN iztkfr;ksa ds Qy cht jfgr rFkk dqN ds cht;qDr gksrs gSaA

dnyh o`{k vkLFkk ,oa

oSKkfud n`f"V

ih0 lh0 ik.Ms ,oa Hkkouk tks'kh ik.Ms

;qx&;qxkUrj ls osn gekjs fy, tSo fofo/krk ds laj{k.k ,oa lao/kZu ds izsj.kk lzksr jgs gSa D;ksafd euq";ksa ds vf/kdka'k dk;Z tSo fofo/krk ds fcuk lEiUu ugha gks ldrs gSaA ;g rF; ftls nsoHkwfe mÙkjk[k.M dh laLd`fr vHkh Hkh vius esa lesVs gq, gS tks ufn;ksa] ioZrksa] o`{kksa] ouksa bR;kfn dks laLd`fr ls tksM+dj osnksa ls pyh vk jgh izkd`frd lalk/kuksa ds laj{k.k ,oa lao/kZu dh izkphu vo/kkj.kk dks vuojr izHkkoeku cuk;s gq, gSA ijUrq dksà Hkh tSfod o vtSfod ?kVd fdlh ioZ@mRlo@R;kSgkjksa ls D;ksa tqM+k ;k dSls tqM+k] blls gekjk lekt vufHkK jgkA gekjs fopkj ls bl vufHkKrk dk izFke&n`"V~;k dkj.k ;g tku iM+rk gS fd gekjs _f"k&eqfu;ksa dks bl ckr dk Hkh Kku gksxk fd fdlh Hkh ?kVd ds vR;f/kd mi;ksx dh tkudkjh izlkfjr gksus ij vR;f/kd nksgu ls ml ?kVd ds lekIr gksus dk Hk; jgrkA vRk% mUgksaus izR;sd mi;ksxh ?kVd@ouLifr dks /keZ@vkLFkk@ fo'okl ls tksM+dj lajf{kr ,oa laof/kZr djus dk iz;kl fd;k tks *losZ HkoUrq lqf[ku%A losZ lUrq fujke;k%* dh Hkkouk dks lkdkj djrk gSA fo"k; oLrq dks /;ku esa j[kdj izLrqr ys[k esa *dnyh* ls lEcfU/kr /kkfeZd@lkaLd`frd ekU;rkvksa dks mn~?kkfVr djus ds lkFk gh mu vfHkizk;ksa dk oSKkfud vUos"k.k dj ladfyr djus dk iz;kl fd;k tk jgk gSA

dqekÅ¡ esa dsys dh nks iztkfr;k¡ nqfnD;y o eqaxjh mxkbZ tkrh gSaA dsys dk ifÙk;ksa ds i.kZo`Urksa ls cuk ruk okLrfod ruk ugha gS vFkkZr Nn~eruk gSA blds okLrfod rus dks jkÃtkse dgrs gSa tks tehu ds vUnj jgrk gS rFkk bl Hkwfexr rus ls *ldj* fudyrs gSa tks yxkrkj u;s ikS/ks dks tUe nsrs jgrs gSaA

/kkfeZd fo'okl

/kkfeZd fo'okl ds vuqlkj dnyh o`{k

45

44

foKku ifjppkZ o"kZ 2] vad 3 tuojh&ekpZ 2012

ckfodk¡ ea s fo|rq ifj"kn b.Vj dkyts ] iudh] dkuijq ] ¼m0i0z ½ ds Nk= xkjS o itz kifr us Þn ,ufyfll vkQW eVs fs j;Yl ;Tw M bu efs dxa lk;s y vkbMYl QkjW bdks ÝMas yh Mos yieVsa bu n ,fj;kß fo"k; ij viuk 'kk/s k i= iLz rrq fd;kA xoueZ Vas lhfu;j lds .s Mhª Ldyw c[kVs k] jkgs rd] ¼gfj;k.kk½ ds Nk= tkxs Us nz deq kj us ÞQlyka s ds vo'k"s k tyk;s tkus ls toS fofo/krk ij iMu+ s okys n"q iHz kko ,oa bldk icz /a kuÞ fo"k; ij fd;s vius v/;;u dk O;kjS k iLz rrq fd;kA xoueZ Vas lh-l-s Ldyw dY;k.k] ifV;kyk ¼ita kc½ ds Nk= xjq foUnj flga us Þfodykxa ka s ds fy;s edas fudy LVMh Vcs y ij ikz ts Ds V r;S kj fd;k Fkk tcfd ch-t-s b-Z ,e- Ldyw ¼Hkoq u's oj½ dh Nk=k LoksLrnk i/z kku us vius legw lkfFk;ka sds lkFkÞ Hkoq u's oj uxj ds vkl&ikl Hkfw e mi;kxs ds cnyrs rjhdka s ij viuk 'kk/s k i= iLz rrq fd;k FkkA

;ax lkabfVLV vokMZ 2011&2012 bl volj ij n's k Hkj ds 16 ;oq k oKS kfudka s dks ;xa lkbfZ VLV vokMZ 2011&12 ls lEekfur fd;k x;kA ;s oKS kfud g%aS & foKk dls jh ¼xoq kgkVh½] fufru ikBd ¼Hkkis ky½] 'kcue~ ¼verlj½] eg's k lUq njjktu ¼ecaq b½Z ikyS kxh ?kk"s k ¼tknoijq fo'ofo|ky;½] ,l-ik;kys ¼rts ijq ½] ljq fHk nhikyh ¼Hkoq u's oj½] nos kjkrh pØorhZ ¼dkys dkrk½] vk'krq k"s k deq kj ncw s ¼dkuijq ½] fnyhi deq kj ¼djs y½] lpq Unu dk;y ¼vkbvZ kbVZ h [kMx+ ijq ½] jktUs nz flga ¼y[kuŽ] lthr e[q kthZ ¼dkys dkrk½] jkt's k ds uk;j ¼eEq cb½Z ] jf'e flga ¼Hknkgs h½] tehn[w kj ¼f'kykxa ½]

lkaLd`frd dk;ZØeksa dk vk;kstu fnuHkj ifjpkpkvZ ka s o O;k[;kuka s ea s O;Lr jgs oKS kfudka s o ifz rfuf/k;ka s ds eukjs tu ds fy;s ifz rfnu l/a ;k le; mPp dkfs V

ds jxa kjxa lkLa dfrd dk;ØZ eka s dk vk;kts u fd;k x;k FkkA ftuea s filaz xizq ] mn;'kda j xiqz ] gfjgj xiqz ] dey's k HkkbZ ,p-iVys ] fuR;kuna xiqz ] vkfVDZ ;yw Vs xiqz us viuh cgs rjhu ifz rHkkvka s dk inz 'kuZ fd;kA bl volj ij ek/kok Hktue]~ tVk;ew k{s ;] r=a ] xkVs h ivq k] NkÅ uR; ,oa lca yijq h uR; tlaS s dk;ØZ e Hkh iLz rrq fd;s x;As lHkh us eDq r d.B ls bu dk;ØZ eka s dh i'z kla k dhA

bl idz kj ikp¡ fnuka s rd pys bl cgvq k;keh foKku egkdHaq k dk lekiu gvq kA ijw s mRlkg] mexa ka s vkjS egRokdk{a kkvka s ds lkFk lHkh lgHkkxh@oKS kfud viu&s vius xra O;ka sdh vkjs jokuk g,q A

okys.Vjh baLVhV~;wV QkWjdE;qfuVh ,IykbM lkbal fodkl

izks0 veR;Zlsu %& ikz 0s veR;lZ us dk tUe 1933 ea s ,d lHa kkz r cxa kyh ifjokj ea s gvq k FkkA vkidh ikz jfa Hkd f'k{kk <kdk ea s gbq AZ vkius fo'oHkkjrh ea svkxs i<k+ bZ dhA o"kZ 1998 ea s vkidks bdkuW kfs ed lkba l* ea s ukcs y ijq Ldkj ikz Ir gvq kA vkidh dbZ iLq rda s rFkk 'kk/s k i= dbZ tuYZ l ea s idz kf'kr gAaS vkidh iLq rds 30 ls vf/kd Hkk"kkvka s ea s vufw nr gks pdq ha gAaS

lqJh dkjksfyu MCY;w xzkbaMj %& vkidk tUe 1961 ea s dys hQkfs u;Z k ea s gvq k FkkA vius v/;;u dky ea s fo'o fo|ky; ea s Hkh vkius dbZ vfo"dkj fd;As vkius ekys Ds ;yw j ck;kys ktW h ea s ih,p-Mh- i.w kZ dhA vkidks fjlpZ vkuW n LVDª pj vkQW Vys kes kjs * ds dkj.k o"kZ 2009 ea s fQft;kys ktW h vkjS efs Mflu ds fy;s ukcs y ijq Ldkj ikz Ir gvq kA blds vykok Hkh vkidks ,d ntuZ ls vf/kd lEeku o ijq Ldkj ikz Ir g;q s gAaS

izks0 fjpMZ jkWcVZ vUlZV %& vkidk tUe 1933 ea s fLoVtjy.S M ea s gvq k FkkA fQftdy dfs eLVhª ea s vkius viuk fMIykes k o ih,p-Mh- i.w kZ dhA vkius o"kZ 1921 ea s jlk;u foKku ea s ukcs y ijq Ldkj ikz Ir fd;kA 99oha Hkkfodk¡ ea s vkius ,dMs fed vikpW fZq uVht QkjW 'kfs ixa , cVs j ¶;pw j* fo"k; ij viuk O;k[;ku fn;kA

izks0 jksYQ ,e0 ftadjusxy %& vkidk tUe 1944 ea s fLoVtjy.S M ea s gvq kA vkius efs Mflu ,.M dfS eLVhª ea s vius v/;;u dks vkxs c<k+ ;kA vkius vkLVfsª y;k ds ihVj lh Mkgs VhZ ds lkFk 1996 ea s fQft;kys ktW h vkjS efs Mflu ea s ukcs y ijq Ldkj ikz Ir fd;kA 99oha Hkkfodk¡ ea s ÞOgkbZ Mw oh ukVW goS , oDs lhu vxLas V ,p vkbZ oh vkjW Vh chß fo"k; ij viuk O;k[;ku fn;kA

izks0 dqVZ chFkfjp %& vkidk tUe lu~ 1938 ea s fLoVtjy.S M ds ,d xko¡ ea s gvq k FkkA xkz eh.k i;koZ j.k] iMs + ik/S kka s ,oa i'kvq ka s ls lEidZ us de vk;q ea s gh ups jq y lkbla ea s mudh fnypLih dk c<k+ ;kA xko¡ ds fo|ky; ea s v/;;u ds nkjS ku gh vkius vius vdknfed dk;Z Hkh tkjh j[kAs vkius lu~ 2002 ea s jlk;u foKkku ea s ukcs y ijq Ldkj ikz Ir fd;kA 99oha Hkkfodk¡ ea s vkius cfs ld fjlpZ ,.M º;ew us Mys h ykbQ* fo"k; ij O;k[;ku fn;kA

jkcVZ th ,MoM~lZ %& vki fcVz us ds ,d fQft;kys kfW tLV gAaS vkius 1955 ea s ih,p-Mh- i.w kAZ dbZ ifz rf"Br fo'ofo|ky;ka s ea s v/;kiu dk;Z ds lkFk&lkFk viuk v/;;u o 'kk/s k Hkh tkjh j[kkA ,d oKS kfud o efs Mdy tuyZ ds lEiknd ds #i ea s vki vius dfS j;j dks vkxs c<k+ jgs gAaS

xks0 ;quql%& ekgs Een ;uq lq dk tUe 1940 ea s gvq k FkkA mudk cpiu xko¡ ea s chrk rFkk LukrdkÙs kj f'k{kk <kdk ea s ikz Ir dhA vki i[z ;ku vFk'Z kkL=h gS rFkk vkius ckXa ykn's k ea s dbZ egRoi.w kZ nkf;Ro fuHkk;s gAaS vkius ,d fjlpZ ikz Qs ls j ds #i ea s ljy bdkuW kfs ed ikz xs kz e LFkkfir fd;kA vkidks fo'o Lrj ij vuds lEeku ikz Ir g;q s gASa o"kZ 2006 ea s vkidks ukcs y 'kkfa r ijq Ldkj ls lEekfur fd;k x;kA

Msy Vh- ekWVsZlu%& vki 1939 ea s tUes ,d vefs jdh vFk'Z kkL=h gAaS vkidks lu~ 2010 ea s bdkuW kfs ld lkbla es ukcs y ijq Ldkj ikz Ir gvq kA ebZ 2011 ea s vkidks Þ,ukfyfll vkQW ekdVZs l~ fon~ lpZ fÝD'kUlß ds fy;s ^MkDVj vkQW lkblZ * dh ekun mikf/k ls Hkh lEekfur fd;k x;kA vkFklZ fo'ofo|ky; us vkids lEeku ea s ,d Hkou dk uke n U;w Mys Vh- efVlZ u fcfYMxa * j[kk gS tgk¡ vUrjk"Z Vhª ; 'kk/s k dh xfrfof/k;k¡ gkrs h gAS

^ukcs y fotrs k tks 99oha Hkkfodk¡ ea s i/kkj*s

fooj.k] forj.k ,oa mRifÙk

*dnyh* laLd`r Hkk"kk dk 'kCn gSA bls fgUnh esa *dsyk* dgrs gSaA fo'o dk lcls cM+k 'kkdh; ikS/kk dnyh E;wtslh dqy dk gS] ftldk ySfVu uke E;wtk iSjkfMfl,dk ,y0 gSA bldk mRifÙk LFkku nf{k.kh ,f'k;k fo'ks"kdj nf{k.kh phu] eyk;k o Hkkjr ekuk tkrk gSA fo'oHkj esa bldh 33 iztkfr;k¡ feyrh gSa ftuesa dqN iztkfr;ksa ds Qy cht jfgr rFkk dqN ds cht;qDr gksrs gSaA

dnyh o`{k vkLFkk ,oa

oSKkfud n`f"V

ih0 lh0 ik.Ms ,oa Hkkouk tks'kh ik.Ms

;qx&;qxkUrj ls osn gekjs fy, tSo fofo/krk ds laj{k.k ,oa lao/kZu ds izsj.kk lzksr jgs gSa D;ksafd euq";ksa ds vf/kdka'k dk;Z tSo fofo/krk ds fcuk lEiUu ugha gks ldrs gSaA ;g rF; ftls nsoHkwfe mÙkjk[k.M dh laLd`fr vHkh Hkh vius esa lesVs gq, gS tks ufn;ksa] ioZrksa] o`{kksa] ouksa bR;kfn dks laLd`fr ls tksM+dj osnksa ls pyh vk jgh izkd`frd lalk/kuksa ds laj{k.k ,oa lao/kZu dh izkphu vo/kkj.kk dks vuojr izHkkoeku cuk;s gq, gSA ijUrq dksà Hkh tSfod o vtSfod ?kVd fdlh ioZ@mRlo@R;kSgkjksa ls D;ksa tqM+k ;k dSls tqM+k] blls gekjk lekt vufHkK jgkA gekjs fopkj ls bl vufHkKrk dk izFke&n`"V~;k dkj.k ;g tku iM+rk gS fd gekjs _f"k&eqfu;ksa dks bl ckr dk Hkh Kku gksxk fd fdlh Hkh ?kVd ds vR;f/kd mi;ksx dh tkudkjh izlkfjr gksus ij vR;f/kd nksgu ls ml ?kVd ds lekIr gksus dk Hk; jgrkA vRk% mUgksaus izR;sd mi;ksxh ?kVd@ouLifr dks /keZ@vkLFkk@ fo'okl ls tksM+dj lajf{kr ,oa laof/kZr djus dk iz;kl fd;k tks *losZ HkoUrq lqf[ku%A losZ lUrq fujke;k%* dh Hkkouk dks lkdkj djrk gSA fo"k; oLrq dks /;ku esa j[kdj izLrqr ys[k esa *dnyh* ls lEcfU/kr /kkfeZd@lkaLd`frd ekU;rkvksa dks mn~?kkfVr djus ds lkFk gh mu vfHkizk;ksa dk oSKkfud vUos"k.k dj ladfyr djus dk iz;kl fd;k tk jgk gSA

dqekÅ¡ esa dsys dh nks iztkfr;k¡ nqfnD;y o eqaxjh mxkbZ tkrh gSaA dsys dk ifÙk;ksa ds i.kZo`Urksa ls cuk ruk okLrfod ruk ugha gS vFkkZr Nn~eruk gSA blds okLrfod rus dks jkÃtkse dgrs gSa tks tehu ds vUnj jgrk gS rFkk bl Hkwfexr rus ls *ldj* fudyrs gSa tks yxkrkj u;s ikS/ks dks tUe nsrs jgrs gSaA

/kkfeZd fo'okl

/kkfeZd fo'okl ds vuqlkj dnyh o`{k

45

46 47

foKku ifjppkZ o"kZ 2] vad 3 tuojh&ekpZ 2012

dh mRifÙk leqnz eaFku ls gqà Fkh] blhfy, ;g o`{k vusd /kkfeZd fo'oklksa ,oa ekU;rkvksa ls tqM+k gS] ;Fkk&

lbl 'kkdh; o`{k esa ldj gksus ds dkj.k u;s ikS/k yxkrkj curs jgrs gSa ftlls blesa o"kZ Hkj Qy vkrs jgrs gSaA blfy, bls iztuu 'kfDr] iq#"kRo ,oa oSHko ¼lEiUurk½ dk izrhd ekuk tkrk gSA

lmDr ekU;rkuqlkj gekjs lkaLd`frd dk;Z&dykiksa esa ;Fkk& fookg LFky ds eq[; }kj] 'kknh dk eaMi dsys ds o`{kksa ls gh fufeZr fd;s tkrs gSaA ;gk¡ rd fd 'kknh ds vkea=.k dkMZ@i= ij Hkh dsys ds o`{k dks vyad`r djus dh ijEijk gSA

lrqylhnkl }kjk jfpr *jkepfjrekul* ds v;ks/;kdk.M ¼nksgk 5 dh 3 pkSiký esa Hkh Hkxoku Jh jkepUnz th ds jkT;kfHk"ksd dh rS;kjh ds le; dqyxq# ofl"B th us osnksa dk fo/kku crkdj dsys ds o`{kksa dks vke] lqikjh ds o`{kksa ds lkFk uxj dh xfy;ksa esa pkjksa vksj jksius dks dgk&

*csn fofnr dfg ldy fc/kkukA dgsgq jpgq iqj fcfc/k fcrkukAA

lQy jlky iwxQy dsjkA jksigq chfFkUg iqj pgq¡ QsjkAA*

lf'ko iqjk.k esa f'ko&ikoZrh fookg o.kZu ds vuqlkj dnyh o`{k ,d vR;Ur 'kqHk o`{k gSA

ldnyh o`{k dks *nsoh&ikoZrh* dk vorkj ekuk tkrk gS ,oa *izHkq czãk dh iRuh* dgk tkrk gSA if'fpeh ?kkV esa bl o`{k dks *Hkxorh uUnk nsoh* ekuk tkrk gSA ¼HkkxZo ,oa [kqYcs] 2007½

ldnyh o`{k Hkxoku fo".kq dh Hkh fiz; ouLifr ekuh tkrh gSA blhfy, bldk mi;ksx lR;ukjk;.k Hkxoku dh dFkk fo'ks"k esa fd;k tkrk gSA

*uSos|a HkfDrrksn|kRliknaHk{;eqÙkee~A

vk;q cgqr de gksrh gSA vr% bl rF; dks izHkkoghu djus gsrq dnyh o`{k dks jksfir djus dk le; czkãeqgwrZ ;k lU/;kdky gksuk pkfg, rkfd bl o`{k dh Nk;k jksfir djus okys O;fDr ij u iM+sA

oSKkfudrk

Hkkjr o"kZ esa dnyh o`{k dks ifo= le>k tkrk gS vkSj lHkh jhfr&fjoktksa] laLdkjksa] mRloksa] ioksaZ ij blds Qyksa dks p<+kos ds :Ik esa vfiZr fd;k tkrk gSA dsys ds Qyksa dks p<+kos esa nsus dk oSKkfud dkj.k ;g gks ldrk gS fd dnyh Qy ds ckgj eksVk fNDdy gksus ls Qy ds [kk;s tkus okys Hkkx ij ckgjh oLrqvksa ¼efUnj esa p<+kos dh vU; oLrq,a] iqtkjh th o vU; yksxksa ds gkFkksa ij yxs fiB~ok] gkFkksa dk ilhuk bR;kfn½ dk dksà izHkko ugha iM+rk tks LokLF;dh n`f"V ls *izlkn* xzg.k djus okyksa ds fy, fgrdj gSA *eka* Hkh rks ;gh pkgrh gS fd muds cPps ges'kk LoLFk jgsaA dgk Hkh x;k gS *[kkus dh oLrq dks Nhydj [kkvks] /kksdj [kkvks ;k mcky dj [kkvks ojuk mls Hkwy tkvks*A blds vykok dnyh Qy vU; Qyksa dh vis{kk lLrk ,oa loZlqyHk gS rFkk ;g Hkh dgk tkrk gS fd dnyh o`{k ds ids Qyksa esa dHkh Hkh dhM+s ugha iM+rs gSaA

,d dFkk lqukbZ tkrh gSA ,slk izlax vkrk gS fd dqUrh iq= Hkhe ls ;q) ds iwoZ xka/kkjh us vius iq= nq;ksZ/ku dk 'kjhj otz:ih cukus gsrq mls vius le{k fuoZL= gksdj vkus dks dgk] ijUrq Jhd`".k ds dgus ij og fuoZL= u tkdj v/kksHkkx esa dnyh o`{k dh iÙkh dks yisVdj eka xka/kkjh ds le{k izLrqr gqvkA Hkhe ls ;q) djrs oDr ogh vax nq;ksZ/ku dk detksj iMkA bldk oSKkfud dkj.k [kkstus dh vko';drk gSA

eka uUnk nsoh ds lanHkZ esa dnyh o`{k

mÙkjk[k.M ds ioZrh; Hkkxksa esa Hkknzekl dh iapeh frfFk ls uUnk egksRlo dk 'kqHkkjEHk eafnj esa x.kifr vkfn nsoh]

jEHkkQya?k`ra {khja xks/kweL; p pw.kZde~A*

¼Jh lR;ukjk;.k ozr dFkk] izFke v/;k;] chloha iafDr½

*Pk<+r izlkn lok;ks dnyh Qy esokA /kwi nhi rqylh ls jkth lR;nsokAA*

¼Jh lR;ukjk;.k th dh vkjrh½

blds vfrfjDr dnyh o`{k dks Hkxoku fo".kq dk :Ik Hkh ekuk tkrk gS blfy, gj Ok`gLifrokj ds ozr ds fnu yksx *dnyh o`{k* ;k blds Qy dh iwtk djrs gSaA ;g ekuk tkrk gS fd o`gLifrokj dk ozr djus okys tu ,oa mlds ifjokj ds lnL; ml fnu dsys ds Qy dks ugha [kkrs gSaA

ekU;rk,a

l,d nUr dFkk ds vuqlkj gekjs _f"k&eqfu ¼rr~dkyhu oSKkfud½ blh dnyh o`{k ds uhps cSBdj /;ku o euu fd;k djrs FksA blhfy, bl o`{k dks *cqf)eku yksxksa dk Qy* Hkh dgk tkrk gSA ¼dkspj] 1981½

ldsys ls tqM+h ,d ekU;rk ikrky Hkqous'oj dh xqQk ds lEcU/k esa Hkh gSA tuJqfr gS fd bl xqQk esa dHkh dnyh ou FkkA ¼txnh'ojh izlkn] 1991( tks'kh ,oa fc"V] 2009½

ldsys ds o`{k dks ?kj ds njokts ds lkeus jksfir ugha fd;k tkrk gSA okLrq 'kkL=kuqlkj blds o`{k dks ;k rks ?kj ds fiNokMs+ ;k cxy esa fo'ks"kdj mÙkj] if'pe fn'kk esa gh yxk;k tkrk gSA ekU;rkuqlkj ?kj ds njokts ds lkeus yxkus ls ;g dnyh o`{k tc Qyksa ls yn tkrk gS rc ;g gok ds >ksadksa ls fgyrs le; d"Vnk;d pw¡&pw¡ dh vkokt djrk gSA ;fn dsys ds isM+ Bhd njokts ds lkeus gksa rks bldk izHkko ¼Bhd blh rjg dk d"V½ ?kj esa jgus okyh xHkZorh L=h ij Hkh iM+rk gSA

lblds vykok ,slh Hkh ekU;rk gS fd dsys ds o`{k dks efgyk;sa u rks jksfir djrh gSa vkSj u gh dkVrh gSaA dgk tkrk gS fd bl o`{k dh

*dkVsfga ib dnjh Qjb dksfV tru dksm lhapAfou; u eku [kxsl lquq MkVsfga ib uo uhpAA*

dchj ,oa jghe us dnyh o`{k ,oa csj dk mnkgj.k nsrs gq, dqlaxfr ls iM+us okys izHkko dk nksgksa esa o.kZu fd;k gS&

dg jghe dSls fuHks csj dsj dks laxAos Mksyr jl vkius muds QkVr vaxAA* &jghe

*dsyk rcfga u psfr;k tc f<x tkeh csfjAvc ds psrs D;k Hk;k dkaVksa yhUgk ?ksfjAA*

& dchj

dkfynkl iz.khr *dqekjlEHkoe~*] *j?kaqoa'ke~*] *es?knwre~* vkfn dkO;ksa esa dnyh o`{k dh dkseyrk] 'khryrk ,oa ljlrk vkfn dk lanHkZ miek nsus gsrq dÃa 'yksdksa esa gqvk gS ;Fkk&

ls bl dnyh o`{k dk mi;ksx eka uUnk nsoh dh izfrekvksa dks cukus esa pyk gksxkA eka uUnk nsoh ds efUnj ioZr f'k[kjksa ij ?kus taxyksa ds e/; cuk;s x;s gSaA /kkfeZd ekU;rkuqlkj eafnjksa ds vkl&ikl ds ou ,oa o`{k dkVs ugha tkrs gSaa vkSj thu iwy dk dke djrs gSaA QyLo:Ik ;s ou ,oa o`{k tSo fofo/krk dk laj{k.k ,oa lao/kZu djrs jgrs gSa tks ;g n'kkZrk gS fd fnO;'kfDr:ik] ekr`Lo:ik] oUnuh;k eka uUnk nsoh dk Ik;kZoj.k larqyu o laj{k.k ls lh/kk lEcU/k gSA

lkfgR; esa dnyh o`{k

lqUnjdk.M ds nksgk la0 58 esa Hkh rqylhnkl us dnyh o`+{k dks mn/k`r fd;k gS&

nsorkvksa o eka uUnk nsoh ds iwtu ds lkFk fd;k tkrk gSA 'kekZ ¼2007½ ds vuqlkj blds vxys fnu eka uUnk o lquUnk dh izfrek,¡ cukus gsrq dnyh o`{k dk p;u fd;k tkrk gSA blds fy, dnyh ou esa tkdj dnyh o`{kksa dh v{kr] panu rFkk nhi ls iwtk dh tkrh gS vkSj fQj vfHkeaf=r v{krksa dks mudh vksj mNkyk tkrk gS] ftl o`{k ds iÙks igys fgysa mls nsoh ds fy, Lohdk;Z le>k tkrk gSA bl izdkj pkj o`{kksa dk p;u fd;k tkrk gSA lIreh ds fnu dsys ds o`{kksa ds bu ruksa dks dkVdj uUnk nsoh ds eafnj ds izkax.k esa ykdj iwtk dh tkrh gSA fQj mlesa ls nks ruksa ¼tks fdlh izdkj ls fo{kr ;k fod`r u gksa½ dks fu;r vkdkj esa dkVdj dykdkjksa }kjk mUgsa uUnk o lquUnk dh izfrekvksa dk :Ik fn;k tkrk gSA ¼eka uUnk ,oa lquUnk dh izfrekvksa ds fuekZ.k dh foLr`r tkudkjh gsrq fc"V ¼1988% 25&27½ ,oa 'kekZ ¼2007% 176&181½ns[ksa½A eka uUnk nsoh dh izfrek,¡ dsys ds LrEHkksa ls D;ksa cukà tkrh gS blds ihNs dh ,d fdaonfUr ds vuqlkj *uUnk ;gk¡ ds 'kkldksa dh b"V nsoh gksus ds vfrfjDr pUn 'kkldksa dh ,d cgu dk uke Hkh uUnk FkkA ,d fnu tc og vius ek;ds ds fy, vk jgh Fkha rks ekxZ esa muds ihNs ,d taxyh HkSalk iM+ x;kA mlls cpus ds fy, og ikl esa gh fLFkr dnyh o`{k ds >q.M esa fNi xÃaA fdUrq mlh le; ogka ij ,d cdjk vk x;k vkSj mlus dnyh o`{k dh og ifÙk;ka [kk nha ftudh vksV esa og fNih gqÃa FkhA Qyr% ml HkSals us mUgsa ekj fn;kA cdjh ,oa HkSals dh cfy Hkh blhfy, nh tkrh gS rFkk dnyh o`{k dks egRo iznku djus gsrq mlds rus ls nsoh dh izfrekvksa dk fuekZ.k fd;k tkrk gSA ¼fc"V] 1988% 25&26( 'kekZ] 2007% 180&181½ blds vfrfjDr bldk nwljk igyw ;g Hkh gks ldrk gS fd bl o`{k dh lqUnjrk] eueksgd] dkseyrk] 'khryrk] iq"iØe] vkd"kZ.k] mi;ksfxrk vkSj vklkuh ls miyC/krk rFkk ikS/ks ds rus dks dkV nsus ds ckn Hkh 'kh?kz gh u, ikS/ks ds cu tkus ls Ik;kZoj.k ij dksà foijhr izHkko u gksus

46 47

foKku ifjppkZ o"kZ 2] vad 3 tuojh&ekpZ 2012

dh mRifÙk leqnz eaFku ls gqà Fkh] blhfy, ;g o`{k vusd /kkfeZd fo'oklksa ,oa ekU;rkvksa ls tqM+k gS] ;Fkk&

lbl 'kkdh; o`{k esa ldj gksus ds dkj.k u;s ikS/k yxkrkj curs jgrs gSa ftlls blesa o"kZ Hkj Qy vkrs jgrs gSaA blfy, bls iztuu 'kfDr] iq#"kRo ,oa oSHko ¼lEiUurk½ dk izrhd ekuk tkrk gSA

lmDr ekU;rkuqlkj gekjs lkaLd`frd dk;Z&dykiksa esa ;Fkk& fookg LFky ds eq[; }kj] 'kknh dk eaMi dsys ds o`{kksa ls gh fufeZr fd;s tkrs gSaA ;gk¡ rd fd 'kknh ds vkea=.k dkMZ@i= ij Hkh dsys ds o`{k dks vyad`r djus dh ijEijk gSA

lrqylhnkl }kjk jfpr *jkepfjrekul* ds v;ks/;kdk.M ¼nksgk 5 dh 3 pkSiký esa Hkh Hkxoku Jh jkepUnz th ds jkT;kfHk"ksd dh rS;kjh ds le; dqyxq# ofl"B th us osnksa dk fo/kku crkdj dsys ds o`{kksa dks vke] lqikjh ds o`{kksa ds lkFk uxj dh xfy;ksa esa pkjksa vksj jksius dks dgk&

*csn fofnr dfg ldy fc/kkukA dgsgq jpgq iqj fcfc/k fcrkukAA

lQy jlky iwxQy dsjkA jksigq chfFkUg iqj pgq¡ QsjkAA*

lf'ko iqjk.k esa f'ko&ikoZrh fookg o.kZu ds vuqlkj dnyh o`{k ,d vR;Ur 'kqHk o`{k gSA

ldnyh o`{k dks *nsoh&ikoZrh* dk vorkj ekuk tkrk gS ,oa *izHkq czãk dh iRuh* dgk tkrk gSA if'fpeh ?kkV esa bl o`{k dks *Hkxorh uUnk nsoh* ekuk tkrk gSA ¼HkkxZo ,oa [kqYcs] 2007½

ldnyh o`{k Hkxoku fo".kq dh Hkh fiz; ouLifr ekuh tkrh gSA blhfy, bldk mi;ksx lR;ukjk;.k Hkxoku dh dFkk fo'ks"k esa fd;k tkrk gSA

*uSos|a HkfDrrksn|kRliknaHk{;eqÙkee~A

vk;q cgqr de gksrh gSA vr% bl rF; dks izHkkoghu djus gsrq dnyh o`{k dks jksfir djus dk le; czkãeqgwrZ ;k lU/;kdky gksuk pkfg, rkfd bl o`{k dh Nk;k jksfir djus okys O;fDr ij u iM+sA

oSKkfudrk

Hkkjr o"kZ esa dnyh o`{k dks ifo= le>k tkrk gS vkSj lHkh jhfr&fjoktksa] laLdkjksa] mRloksa] ioksaZ ij blds Qyksa dks p<+kos ds :Ik esa vfiZr fd;k tkrk gSA dsys ds Qyksa dks p<+kos esa nsus dk oSKkfud dkj.k ;g gks ldrk gS fd dnyh Qy ds ckgj eksVk fNDdy gksus ls Qy ds [kk;s tkus okys Hkkx ij ckgjh oLrqvksa ¼efUnj esa p<+kos dh vU; oLrq,a] iqtkjh th o vU; yksxksa ds gkFkksa ij yxs fiB~ok] gkFkksa dk ilhuk bR;kfn½ dk dksà izHkko ugha iM+rk tks LokLF;dh n`f"V ls *izlkn* xzg.k djus okyksa ds fy, fgrdj gSA *eka* Hkh rks ;gh pkgrh gS fd muds cPps ges'kk LoLFk jgsaA dgk Hkh x;k gS *[kkus dh oLrq dks Nhydj [kkvks] /kksdj [kkvks ;k mcky dj [kkvks ojuk mls Hkwy tkvks*A blds vykok dnyh Qy vU; Qyksa dh vis{kk lLrk ,oa loZlqyHk gS rFkk ;g Hkh dgk tkrk gS fd dnyh o`{k ds ids Qyksa esa dHkh Hkh dhM+s ugha iM+rs gSaA

,d dFkk lqukbZ tkrh gSA ,slk izlax vkrk gS fd dqUrh iq= Hkhe ls ;q) ds iwoZ xka/kkjh us vius iq= nq;ksZ/ku dk 'kjhj otz:ih cukus gsrq mls vius le{k fuoZL= gksdj vkus dks dgk] ijUrq Jhd`".k ds dgus ij og fuoZL= u tkdj v/kksHkkx esa dnyh o`{k dh iÙkh dks yisVdj eka xka/kkjh ds le{k izLrqr gqvkA Hkhe ls ;q) djrs oDr ogh vax nq;ksZ/ku dk detksj iMkA bldk oSKkfud dkj.k [kkstus dh vko';drk gSA

eka uUnk nsoh ds lanHkZ esa dnyh o`{k

mÙkjk[k.M ds ioZrh; Hkkxksa esa Hkknzekl dh iapeh frfFk ls uUnk egksRlo dk 'kqHkkjEHk eafnj esa x.kifr vkfn nsoh]

jEHkkQya?k`ra {khja xks/kweL; p pw.kZde~A*

¼Jh lR;ukjk;.k ozr dFkk] izFke v/;k;] chloha iafDr½

*Pk<+r izlkn lok;ks dnyh Qy esokA /kwi nhi rqylh ls jkth lR;nsokAA*

¼Jh lR;ukjk;.k th dh vkjrh½

blds vfrfjDr dnyh o`{k dks Hkxoku fo".kq dk :Ik Hkh ekuk tkrk gS blfy, gj Ok`gLifrokj ds ozr ds fnu yksx *dnyh o`{k* ;k blds Qy dh iwtk djrs gSaA ;g ekuk tkrk gS fd o`gLifrokj dk ozr djus okys tu ,oa mlds ifjokj ds lnL; ml fnu dsys ds Qy dks ugha [kkrs gSaA

ekU;rk,a

l,d nUr dFkk ds vuqlkj gekjs _f"k&eqfu ¼rr~dkyhu oSKkfud½ blh dnyh o`{k ds uhps cSBdj /;ku o euu fd;k djrs FksA blhfy, bl o`{k dks *cqf)eku yksxksa dk Qy* Hkh dgk tkrk gSA ¼dkspj] 1981½

ldsys ls tqM+h ,d ekU;rk ikrky Hkqous'oj dh xqQk ds lEcU/k esa Hkh gSA tuJqfr gS fd bl xqQk esa dHkh dnyh ou FkkA ¼txnh'ojh izlkn] 1991( tks'kh ,oa fc"V] 2009½

ldsys ds o`{k dks ?kj ds njokts ds lkeus jksfir ugha fd;k tkrk gSA okLrq 'kkL=kuqlkj blds o`{k dks ;k rks ?kj ds fiNokMs+ ;k cxy esa fo'ks"kdj mÙkj] if'pe fn'kk esa gh yxk;k tkrk gSA ekU;rkuqlkj ?kj ds njokts ds lkeus yxkus ls ;g dnyh o`{k tc Qyksa ls yn tkrk gS rc ;g gok ds >ksadksa ls fgyrs le; d"Vnk;d pw¡&pw¡ dh vkokt djrk gSA ;fn dsys ds isM+ Bhd njokts ds lkeus gksa rks bldk izHkko ¼Bhd blh rjg dk d"V½ ?kj esa jgus okyh xHkZorh L=h ij Hkh iM+rk gSA

lblds vykok ,slh Hkh ekU;rk gS fd dsys ds o`{k dks efgyk;sa u rks jksfir djrh gSa vkSj u gh dkVrh gSaA dgk tkrk gS fd bl o`{k dh

*dkVsfga ib dnjh Qjb dksfV tru dksm lhapAfou; u eku [kxsl lquq MkVsfga ib uo uhpAA*

dchj ,oa jghe us dnyh o`{k ,oa csj dk mnkgj.k nsrs gq, dqlaxfr ls iM+us okys izHkko dk nksgksa esa o.kZu fd;k gS&

dg jghe dSls fuHks csj dsj dks laxAos Mksyr jl vkius muds QkVr vaxAA* &jghe

*dsyk rcfga u psfr;k tc f<x tkeh csfjAvc ds psrs D;k Hk;k dkaVksa yhUgk ?ksfjAA*

& dchj

dkfynkl iz.khr *dqekjlEHkoe~*] *j?kaqoa'ke~*] *es?knwre~* vkfn dkO;ksa esa dnyh o`{k dh dkseyrk] 'khryrk ,oa ljlrk vkfn dk lanHkZ miek nsus gsrq dÃa 'yksdksa esa gqvk gS ;Fkk&

ls bl dnyh o`{k dk mi;ksx eka uUnk nsoh dh izfrekvksa dks cukus esa pyk gksxkA eka uUnk nsoh ds efUnj ioZr f'k[kjksa ij ?kus taxyksa ds e/; cuk;s x;s gSaA /kkfeZd ekU;rkuqlkj eafnjksa ds vkl&ikl ds ou ,oa o`{k dkVs ugha tkrs gSaa vkSj thu iwy dk dke djrs gSaA QyLo:Ik ;s ou ,oa o`{k tSo fofo/krk dk laj{k.k ,oa lao/kZu djrs jgrs gSa tks ;g n'kkZrk gS fd fnO;'kfDr:ik] ekr`Lo:ik] oUnuh;k eka uUnk nsoh dk Ik;kZoj.k larqyu o laj{k.k ls lh/kk lEcU/k gSA

lkfgR; esa dnyh o`{k

lqUnjdk.M ds nksgk la0 58 esa Hkh rqylhnkl us dnyh o`+{k dks mn/k`r fd;k gS&

nsorkvksa o eka uUnk nsoh ds iwtu ds lkFk fd;k tkrk gSA 'kekZ ¼2007½ ds vuqlkj blds vxys fnu eka uUnk o lquUnk dh izfrek,¡ cukus gsrq dnyh o`{k dk p;u fd;k tkrk gSA blds fy, dnyh ou esa tkdj dnyh o`{kksa dh v{kr] panu rFkk nhi ls iwtk dh tkrh gS vkSj fQj vfHkeaf=r v{krksa dks mudh vksj mNkyk tkrk gS] ftl o`{k ds iÙks igys fgysa mls nsoh ds fy, Lohdk;Z le>k tkrk gSA bl izdkj pkj o`{kksa dk p;u fd;k tkrk gSA lIreh ds fnu dsys ds o`{kksa ds bu ruksa dks dkVdj uUnk nsoh ds eafnj ds izkax.k esa ykdj iwtk dh tkrh gSA fQj mlesa ls nks ruksa ¼tks fdlh izdkj ls fo{kr ;k fod`r u gksa½ dks fu;r vkdkj esa dkVdj dykdkjksa }kjk mUgsa uUnk o lquUnk dh izfrekvksa dk :Ik fn;k tkrk gSA ¼eka uUnk ,oa lquUnk dh izfrekvksa ds fuekZ.k dh foLr`r tkudkjh gsrq fc"V ¼1988% 25&27½ ,oa 'kekZ ¼2007% 176&181½ns[ksa½A eka uUnk nsoh dh izfrek,¡ dsys ds LrEHkksa ls D;ksa cukà tkrh gS blds ihNs dh ,d fdaonfUr ds vuqlkj *uUnk ;gk¡ ds 'kkldksa dh b"V nsoh gksus ds vfrfjDr pUn 'kkldksa dh ,d cgu dk uke Hkh uUnk FkkA ,d fnu tc og vius ek;ds ds fy, vk jgh Fkha rks ekxZ esa muds ihNs ,d taxyh HkSalk iM+ x;kA mlls cpus ds fy, og ikl esa gh fLFkr dnyh o`{k ds >q.M esa fNi xÃaA fdUrq mlh le; ogka ij ,d cdjk vk x;k vkSj mlus dnyh o`{k dh og ifÙk;ka [kk nha ftudh vksV esa og fNih gqÃa FkhA Qyr% ml HkSals us mUgsa ekj fn;kA cdjh ,oa HkSals dh cfy Hkh blhfy, nh tkrh gS rFkk dnyh o`{k dks egRo iznku djus gsrq mlds rus ls nsoh dh izfrekvksa dk fuekZ.k fd;k tkrk gSA ¼fc"V] 1988% 25&26( 'kekZ] 2007% 180&181½ blds vfrfjDr bldk nwljk igyw ;g Hkh gks ldrk gS fd bl o`{k dh lqUnjrk] eueksgd] dkseyrk] 'khryrk] iq"iØe] vkd"kZ.k] mi;ksfxrk vkSj vklkuh ls miyC/krk rFkk ikS/ks ds rus dks dkV nsus ds ckn Hkh 'kh?kz gh u, ikS/ks ds cu tkus ls Ik;kZoj.k ij dksà foijhr izHkko u gksus

48

foKku ifjppkZ o"kZ 2] vad 3 tuojh&ekpZ 2012

ukxsUnzgLrkLRofp ddZ'kRoknsdkUr'kSR;kRdnyh fo'ks"kk%A

yC/okfi yksds ifj.kkfg :ia tkrkLrnwoksZ#iekuckº;k%AA

¼dqekjlEHkoe~] izFke% lxZ%½

vusu ;wuk lg ikfFkZosu jEHkks# dfPpUeulks #fpLrsA

f{kizkrjaxkfuydfEirklq fogrqZeq|kuijEijklqAA

¼j?kqoa'k~e~] "k"B% lxZ%]½

*jk?koks jFkeizkIrka rkek'kka p lqjf}"kke~A

v)ZpUnz eq[kSckZ.kSf'pPNsn dnyh lq[ke~AA*

¼j?kqoa'ke~] }kn'k% lxZ%½

*dq#"o rkor~djHkks# i'pkUekxsZ e`xizsf{kf.k n`f"Vikre~A

,"kk fonwjhHkor% leqnzkRldkuuk fu"irrho Hkwfe%AA*

¼j?kqoa'ke~] =;ksn'k% lxZ%½

izdh.kZ lkfgR; esa dnyh o`{k

dqekÅ¡uh lkfgR; esa Hkh dÃa txg dnyh o`{k dk o.kZu feyrk gS] ;Fkk&

l*dFkyh vk¡oyd ikr~ esa ys vVS tka] dFkyh D;kod ikr~ esa ys BkSj u gqfuA*

ldHkh FkksM+s lsokHkko ls izlUu gksuk vkSj dHkh vR;f/kd lsokHkko ls Hkh vizlUu jgukA

lcnzhnÙk ik.Ms ¼1937% 264&267½ }kjk txnh'ojh izlkn ds vuqlkj ¼1991½ dsys ds iÙks esa [khj [kkus dk ,d izpfyr fdLlk bl izdkj gS&,d cqf<+;k czkºe.kh }kjk iq#"k iUr] tks muds ;gk¡ Hkw[k yxus ij x;s Fks dks dsys ds iÙks esa [khj nsus ds mijkUr tc os [khj iÙks ds chp ls [kkus yxs vkSj [khj iÙks ds fdukjs ls fxjus yxh rc cqf<+;k us mudk migkl dj dgk ¼foLr`r dFkkud gsrq lEcfU/kr lkfgR; ns[ksa½&

*Rohy uh [kS tk.kh [khj] iq:"k iUr yS uh yh lfd lhjA*

dnyh o`{k ds fofo/k mi;ksx

ldsys dh dqN iztkfr;k¡ lkSUn;hZdj.k gsrq yxkrs gSaA

fufeZr½ dks jaxus ds dke esa ykrs gSA

vkgkj ds :Ik esa dnyh o`{k

l;g vDlj lLrk] Lokfn"V] ikSf"Vd o vklkuh ls ipus okyk Qy gS ftls yxHkx lHkh yksx [kkrs gaSA

ldnyh Qy cydkjd ,oa thou 'kfDrnk;d gksrk gS rFkk otu c<+kus ds fy, Hkh ids dsyksa dk lsou fd;k tkrk gSA

ldPps Qyksa dh lCth cuk;h tkrh gSA

ligkM+ esa dgha&dgha ij dsys dh eqM+h gqà uà ifÙk;ksa dks Hkh lCth ds :Ik esa iz;qDr djrs gSaA

lNn~erus ls i.kZo`Urksa dks vyx dj chp ds Hkkx dks lCth cukus gsrq iz;ksx djrs gSaA

liq"iØe ds chp dk xwnk ¼lQsn jax dk½ dPpk [kk;k tkrk gSA

lids dsyksa dks elydj ngh esa feykds jk;rk cuk;k tkrk gSA

lnwf/k;k fdLe ds ids dsyksa dks ¼tks vkdkj esa NksVs gksrs gSa½ nw/k esa feykdj [kk;k tkrk gSA

leqaxjh fdLe ds ids Qyksa dks ¼tks vkdkj esa cM+s gksrs gSa½ ?kh ds lkFk feykdj [kkrs gSaA ?kh ds lkFk [kkus ls ;s dsys isV esa nnZ ugha djrs gSa vkSj vklkuh ls ip tkrs gSaA

ldPps dsys ds pw.kZ dks f'k'kq vkgkj ds :Ik esa rFkk fcLdqV@o pkdysV cukus esa Hkh iz;ksx fd;k tkrk gS ¼flag rFkk vU; 1983½A

lbldh ifÙk;ksa ,oa i.kZo`Urksa dh jk[k ikSVsf'k;e] eSXuhf'k;e] QkWLQksjl] dSfY'k;e ,oa lksfM;e dk vPNk lzksr gS ¼HkkxZo ,oa [kqYcs] 2007½A dsys ds ids Qy esa 1-3% izksVhu] 0-2 olk] 0-7 [kfut yo.k] 36-4% dkcksZgkbMsªV] 0-01% dSfY'k;e] 0-05% QkLQksjl rFkk 0-04% vk;ju gksrk gS ¼ik.Ms ,oa p<~<k] 1996½A

% %

ldnyh o`{k dh /kkfeZd o lkaLd`frd egÙkk ls izHkkfor gksdj f'kfYi;ksa us iqjkus Hkouksa ds dk"B vyadj.k esa dnyh o`{k ds iq"iØe dk iz;ksx fd;k gSA ¼pkS/kjh ,oa ik.Ms] 2009½ blds vykok /kwfyv?;Z dh oj pkSdh esa Hkh dnyh o`{k dk vyadj.k fd;k tkrk gSA

ldsys ds iÙky [kkuk [kkus gsrq iz;qDr fd;s tkrs gSaA

ldsys dh lw[kh ifÙk;ksa dk fljkSuk cuk;k tkrk gS ftls flj ij j[kdj cks> <ksus gsrq iz;qDr djrs gSaA

ldsys dh iÙkh dk iz;ksx eMqos dh jksVh csydj ros esa Mkyus gsrq iz;qDr dh tkrh gSA

ldsys dh ifÙk;ksa dks lkewfgd jlksà esa [kk| inkFkksZa ls Hkjs cMs+ crZuksa dks <dus ds dke esa yk;k tkrk gSaA

ldsys dk ruk ¼i.kZo`Urksa ls cuk½ eNyh ekjus gsrq cuk;s x;s *xksnk* esa iz;qDr fd;k tkrk gSA

ldsys ds i.kZo`Ur ikuh dh /kkjk cukus ds fy;s iz;qDr gksrk gSA

lufn;ksa ls ikuh eksM+us gsrq iRFkjksa ds lkFk bldh lw[kh ifÙk;k¡ iz;ksx djrs gSaA

ldsys ds i.kZo`Urksa ds chp esa eNyh dks Mky ds xeZ jk[k ds vUnj <ddj idkrs gSa A

lbldh lw[kh ifÙk;ksa dks ;k i.kZo`Ur dks xëj cka/kus gsrq Hkh iz;ksx djrs gSaA

ldnyh o`{k dh tM+ksa dk iz;ksx cqjh vkRekvksa ds fuokj.k gsrq Hkh fd;k tkrk gSA ¼lzksr% Jh ch0 Mh0 i.Mk] vYeksM+k½

ldsys ds isM+ dks dkVus ds mijkUr fudyus okyk rjy inkFkZ ¼lSi½ dk nkx oL=ksa esa LFkk;h :Ik esa iM+rk gSA vr% LFkkuh; rkSj ij bl isM+ ds jl ¼lSi½ esa jax feykdj cSyksa ds fljs ij yxk;s tkus okys Qqu ¼js'kksa ls

49

vkHkkj% dkfynkl ds mn~/k~r 'yksd MkW- ch-Mh- i.Mk th ls izkIr gq,A

lanHkZ

dkspj] bdksuksfed ckWVuh

pkS/kjh ,oa ik.Ms] e/; fgeky; dh lkaLd`frd fojklr ¼la ikaMs ,oa tks'kh½

txnh'ojh izlkn] dqekš ds nsoky;

tks'kh ,oa fc"V] e/; fgeky; dh lkaLd`frd fojklr esa

uUnk nsoh Lekfjdk] 2009

ik.Ms ,oa pM+<k] bdksuksfed ckWVuh

ik.Ms ,oa ikMs] e/; fgeky; dh ijEijk,a ,oa ikjEifjd Kku

fc"V] ih-lh- tks'kh ,oa fueZy tks'kh laikfnr uank nsoh lUnHkZ if=dk esa

HkkxZo ,oa [kqYcs] iykaV~l & QsFk ,.M esfMflu

'kekZ] Mh- Mh-] mÙkjk[k.M ds yksdksRlo rFkk ioksZRlo

'kekZ ,oa ik.Ms] e/; fgeky; dh lkaLd`frd fojklr esa flag ,oa vyh] gcZy Mªx vkWQ fgeky;k

flag o vU;] fMD'ujh vkWQ ,dksuksfed IykaV~l bu bafM;k

ouLifr foKku foHkkx] dqekš fo'ofo|ky;]

,l0 ,l0 ts0 ifjlj] vYeksM+k&263 601

lblds dPps Qyksa dh lCth dks vk¡o&vfrlkj esa f[kykrs gSaA

ldsys ds Qyksa dks ihldj ?kh esa rydj ¼ftls dqekÅW esa *l~kb* dgrs gSa½ xHkZ /kkj.k ds mijkUr xHkZ fVdkus gsrq efgyk dks nsrs gSaA

lxk;&HkSlksa dks Hkh xkfHku gksus ds rqjUr ckn dPps dsyksa o gjh ifÙk;ksa dks f[kykrs gSaA

ldsys ds isM+ dks dkVus ds mijkUr fudyus okys rjy inkFkZ ¼lSi½ dk mi;ksx tys ds mipkj gsrq djrs gSaA

Jh uUnk nsoh Lekfjdk 2009 ds i`"B 196 ls Kkr gqvk fd *eka uUnk egksRlo ij Jh jke lsod lHkk] uSuhrky okyksa us ;g fu.kZ; fy;k gS fd ftl xkao ls eka uUnk dh izfrek cukus gsrq dnyh o`{k yk;k tkrk gS ml xkao esa xkao okyksa ds lg;ksx ls ekSlekuqdwy izfro"kZ 21 ikS/ks jksfir djrs gSa tks Ik;kZoj.kh; n`f"V ls ,d egRoiw.kZ dk;Z gSA vkLFkk ,oa fo'okl ls tqM+s ikS/ks tks vR;Ur gh mi;ksxh gksrs gSa] esa ls fdlh Hkh ,d o`{k@ikS/kksa dks efUnjksa ;k okuLifrd m|kuksa esa yxkdj ge lHkh yksx *Jh jke lsod lHkk] uSuhrky* dh rjg ls bl eka uUnk nsoh egksRlo ds ikou volj ij Ik;kZoj.k laj{k.k gsrq jpukRed lg;ksx ns ldrs gSaA

vkS"kf/k ds :Ik esa dnyh o`{k

lvk;qosZn esa bl o`{k dks yEch vk;q nsus okyk ekuk x;k gSA blds vykok blds Qwyksa dks 'okluyh 'kks/k] nLr] vYlj esa fn;k tkrk gSA Qwyksa ds jl dks isV esa ejksM+ gksus ij nsrs gSaA blds Qwyksa dks mckydj ngh ds lkFk [kkus ls jtks/keZ ds le; vR;f/kd jDrlzko gksus ij fn;k tkrk gSA iq"idyh ds fljs ij dkVus ds ckn tks Hkh jl dh cwansa fudyrh gSa mls detksj cPps dks rkdr gsrq nsrs gSaA ¼HkkxZo ,oa [kqYcs] 2007½

lflag rFkk vU; ¼1983½ ds vuqlkj e/kqesg] ân; jksx] ew=jDrnks"k] xqnsZ dh lwtu] okr jksx o vfrruko dh fLFkfr esa dsys ds ids Qy mi;ksxh gksrs gSaA

lblds Qwy ,oa Qyksa dks elydj vnjd] dkyh fepZ] gjM+] tk;Qy ,oa djkSank ds lkFk ikyrw Ik'kqvksa dks nLr yxus ij nsrs gSaA ¼HkkxZo ,oa [kqYcs] 2007½

ldsys ds isM+ dh tM+ ds ikl ik;s tkus okys dsapqvksa dks ihldj dkys HkÍ ds lkFk idkdj cuk;s x;s inkFkZ dks izlwrk dks nw/k c<+kus gsrq f[kykrs gSaA ¼lzksr% Jherh izsek lqoky] uxqfu;k] uSuhrky }kjk 'kekZ ,oa ik.Ms] 2009½

lIk'kqvksa ls vf/kd nw/k izkIr djus gsrq ids gq, dsyksa dks elydj ihls gq, ek"k ¼mjn½ ds lkFk f[kykrs gSaA dqN yksx dPps ;k ids dsyksa dks mjn ds fNDdy ;k eSnk ;k xsgw¡ ds pksdj ds lkFk Hkh f[kykrs gSaA ¼ik.Ms ,oa ik.Ms] 2004½

lflag ,oa vyh ¼1998½ ds vuqlkj dPps Qy ,oa idk;s x;s Qwy e/kqesg esa mi;ksxh gksrs gSaA bUgha ds vuqlkj dnyh o`{k dh tM+ksa dk 25 feyh vdZ izfrfnu lkr fnu rd ysus ls iq#"kksa esa cU/;rk gksrh gSA

cqf) ds fy, [kk|

nks vda ka s okyh ,d l[a ;k 1%2 ds vuiq kr ea s gAS ;fn bl l[a ;k ea s 1 tkMs + na s rks

;g ,d oxZ l[a ;k cu tkrh gAS ;fn bl l[a ;k ds vk/ks ea s 1 tkMs + na s rks iuq %

,d oxZ l[a ;k ikz Ir gkrs h gAS

;g l[a ;k nks oxkZ s dk vra j Hkh gS ftlds vda 2%1 ds vuiq kr ea s Hkh gAaS ;gh ugh]a

;g iuq % nks oxkZ s dk vra j Hkh gS ftuds vda ka s dk ;kxs 8 gAS bl l[a ;k dk lca /a k

dNq vU; l[a ;kvka s ls Hkh gS tlS s 2304] 110592] 5308416A

;gh ugh]a bl l[a ;k dk lca /a k jklk;fud rRo dMS fe;e ls Hkh gAS tjk cfq } ij

tkjs yxkb;s vkjS crkb;s fd ;g l[a ;k dkuS lh gAS

& fot; [kaMwjh

¼mRrj blh vda e½as

48

foKku ifjppkZ o"kZ 2] vad 3 tuojh&ekpZ 2012

ukxsUnzgLrkLRofp ddZ'kRoknsdkUr'kSR;kRdnyh fo'ks"kk%A

yC/okfi yksds ifj.kkfg :ia tkrkLrnwoksZ#iekuckº;k%AA

¼dqekjlEHkoe~] izFke% lxZ%½

vusu ;wuk lg ikfFkZosu jEHkks# dfPpUeulks #fpLrsA

f{kizkrjaxkfuydfEirklq fogrqZeq|kuijEijklqAA

¼j?kqoa'k~e~] "k"B% lxZ%]½

*jk?koks jFkeizkIrka rkek'kka p lqjf}"kke~A

v)ZpUnz eq[kSckZ.kSf'pPNsn dnyh lq[ke~AA*

¼j?kqoa'ke~] }kn'k% lxZ%½

*dq#"o rkor~djHkks# i'pkUekxsZ e`xizsf{kf.k n`f"Vikre~A

,"kk fonwjhHkor% leqnzkRldkuuk fu"irrho Hkwfe%AA*

¼j?kqoa'ke~] =;ksn'k% lxZ%½

izdh.kZ lkfgR; esa dnyh o`{k

dqekÅ¡uh lkfgR; esa Hkh dÃa txg dnyh o`{k dk o.kZu feyrk gS] ;Fkk&

l*dFkyh vk¡oyd ikr~ esa ys vVS tka] dFkyh D;kod ikr~ esa ys BkSj u gqfuA*

ldHkh FkksM+s lsokHkko ls izlUu gksuk vkSj dHkh vR;f/kd lsokHkko ls Hkh vizlUu jgukA

lcnzhnÙk ik.Ms ¼1937% 264&267½ }kjk txnh'ojh izlkn ds vuqlkj ¼1991½ dsys ds iÙks esa [khj [kkus dk ,d izpfyr fdLlk bl izdkj gS&,d cqf<+;k czkºe.kh }kjk iq#"k iUr] tks muds ;gk¡ Hkw[k yxus ij x;s Fks dks dsys ds iÙks esa [khj nsus ds mijkUr tc os [khj iÙks ds chp ls [kkus yxs vkSj [khj iÙks ds fdukjs ls fxjus yxh rc cqf<+;k us mudk migkl dj dgk ¼foLr`r dFkkud gsrq lEcfU/kr lkfgR; ns[ksa½&

*Rohy uh [kS tk.kh [khj] iq:"k iUr yS uh yh lfd lhjA*

dnyh o`{k ds fofo/k mi;ksx

ldsys dh dqN iztkfr;k¡ lkSUn;hZdj.k gsrq yxkrs gSaA

fufeZr½ dks jaxus ds dke esa ykrs gSA

vkgkj ds :Ik esa dnyh o`{k

l;g vDlj lLrk] Lokfn"V] ikSf"Vd o vklkuh ls ipus okyk Qy gS ftls yxHkx lHkh yksx [kkrs gaSA

ldnyh Qy cydkjd ,oa thou 'kfDrnk;d gksrk gS rFkk otu c<+kus ds fy, Hkh ids dsyksa dk lsou fd;k tkrk gSA

ldPps Qyksa dh lCth cuk;h tkrh gSA

ligkM+ esa dgha&dgha ij dsys dh eqM+h gqà uà ifÙk;ksa dks Hkh lCth ds :Ik esa iz;qDr djrs gSaA

lNn~erus ls i.kZo`Urksa dks vyx dj chp ds Hkkx dks lCth cukus gsrq iz;ksx djrs gSaA

liq"iØe ds chp dk xwnk ¼lQsn jax dk½ dPpk [kk;k tkrk gSA

lids dsyksa dks elydj ngh esa feykds jk;rk cuk;k tkrk gSA

lnwf/k;k fdLe ds ids dsyksa dks ¼tks vkdkj esa NksVs gksrs gSa½ nw/k esa feykdj [kk;k tkrk gSA

leqaxjh fdLe ds ids Qyksa dks ¼tks vkdkj esa cM+s gksrs gSa½ ?kh ds lkFk feykdj [kkrs gSaA ?kh ds lkFk [kkus ls ;s dsys isV esa nnZ ugha djrs gSa vkSj vklkuh ls ip tkrs gSaA

ldPps dsys ds pw.kZ dks f'k'kq vkgkj ds :Ik esa rFkk fcLdqV@o pkdysV cukus esa Hkh iz;ksx fd;k tkrk gS ¼flag rFkk vU; 1983½A

lbldh ifÙk;ksa ,oa i.kZo`Urksa dh jk[k ikSVsf'k;e] eSXuhf'k;e] QkWLQksjl] dSfY'k;e ,oa lksfM;e dk vPNk lzksr gS ¼HkkxZo ,oa [kqYcs] 2007½A dsys ds ids Qy esa 1-3% izksVhu] 0-2 olk] 0-7 [kfut yo.k] 36-4% dkcksZgkbMsªV] 0-01% dSfY'k;e] 0-05% QkLQksjl rFkk 0-04% vk;ju gksrk gS ¼ik.Ms ,oa p<~<k] 1996½A

% %

ldnyh o`{k dh /kkfeZd o lkaLd`frd egÙkk ls izHkkfor gksdj f'kfYi;ksa us iqjkus Hkouksa ds dk"B vyadj.k esa dnyh o`{k ds iq"iØe dk iz;ksx fd;k gSA ¼pkS/kjh ,oa ik.Ms] 2009½ blds vykok /kwfyv?;Z dh oj pkSdh esa Hkh dnyh o`{k dk vyadj.k fd;k tkrk gSA

ldsys ds iÙky [kkuk [kkus gsrq iz;qDr fd;s tkrs gSaA

ldsys dh lw[kh ifÙk;ksa dk fljkSuk cuk;k tkrk gS ftls flj ij j[kdj cks> <ksus gsrq iz;qDr djrs gSaA

ldsys dh iÙkh dk iz;ksx eMqos dh jksVh csydj ros esa Mkyus gsrq iz;qDr dh tkrh gSA

ldsys dh ifÙk;ksa dks lkewfgd jlksà esa [kk| inkFkksZa ls Hkjs cMs+ crZuksa dks <dus ds dke esa yk;k tkrk gSaA

ldsys dk ruk ¼i.kZo`Urksa ls cuk½ eNyh ekjus gsrq cuk;s x;s *xksnk* esa iz;qDr fd;k tkrk gSA

ldsys ds i.kZo`Ur ikuh dh /kkjk cukus ds fy;s iz;qDr gksrk gSA

lufn;ksa ls ikuh eksM+us gsrq iRFkjksa ds lkFk bldh lw[kh ifÙk;k¡ iz;ksx djrs gSaA

ldsys ds i.kZo`Urksa ds chp esa eNyh dks Mky ds xeZ jk[k ds vUnj <ddj idkrs gSa A

lbldh lw[kh ifÙk;ksa dks ;k i.kZo`Ur dks xëj cka/kus gsrq Hkh iz;ksx djrs gSaA

ldnyh o`{k dh tM+ksa dk iz;ksx cqjh vkRekvksa ds fuokj.k gsrq Hkh fd;k tkrk gSA ¼lzksr% Jh ch0 Mh0 i.Mk] vYeksM+k½

ldsys ds isM+ dks dkVus ds mijkUr fudyus okyk rjy inkFkZ ¼lSi½ dk nkx oL=ksa esa LFkk;h :Ik esa iM+rk gSA vr% LFkkuh; rkSj ij bl isM+ ds jl ¼lSi½ esa jax feykdj cSyksa ds fljs ij yxk;s tkus okys Qqu ¼js'kksa ls

49

vkHkkj% dkfynkl ds mn~/k~r 'yksd MkW- ch-Mh- i.Mk th ls izkIr gq,A

lanHkZ

dkspj] bdksuksfed ckWVuh

pkS/kjh ,oa ik.Ms] e/; fgeky; dh lkaLd`frd fojklr ¼la ikaMs ,oa tks'kh½

txnh'ojh izlkn] dqekš ds nsoky;

tks'kh ,oa fc"V] e/; fgeky; dh lkaLd`frd fojklr esa

uUnk nsoh Lekfjdk] 2009

ik.Ms ,oa pM+<k] bdksuksfed ckWVuh

ik.Ms ,oa ikMs] e/; fgeky; dh ijEijk,a ,oa ikjEifjd Kku

fc"V] ih-lh- tks'kh ,oa fueZy tks'kh laikfnr uank nsoh lUnHkZ if=dk esa

HkkxZo ,oa [kqYcs] iykaV~l & QsFk ,.M esfMflu

'kekZ] Mh- Mh-] mÙkjk[k.M ds yksdksRlo rFkk ioksZRlo

'kekZ ,oa ik.Ms] e/; fgeky; dh lkaLd`frd fojklr esa flag ,oa vyh] gcZy Mªx vkWQ fgeky;k

flag o vU;] fMD'ujh vkWQ ,dksuksfed IykaV~l bu bafM;k

ouLifr foKku foHkkx] dqekš fo'ofo|ky;]

,l0 ,l0 ts0 ifjlj] vYeksM+k&263 601

lblds dPps Qyksa dh lCth dks vk¡o&vfrlkj esa f[kykrs gSaA

ldsys ds Qyksa dks ihldj ?kh esa rydj ¼ftls dqekÅW esa *l~kb* dgrs gSa½ xHkZ /kkj.k ds mijkUr xHkZ fVdkus gsrq efgyk dks nsrs gSaA

lxk;&HkSlksa dks Hkh xkfHku gksus ds rqjUr ckn dPps dsyksa o gjh ifÙk;ksa dks f[kykrs gSaA

ldsys ds isM+ dks dkVus ds mijkUr fudyus okys rjy inkFkZ ¼lSi½ dk mi;ksx tys ds mipkj gsrq djrs gSaA

Jh uUnk nsoh Lekfjdk 2009 ds i`"B 196 ls Kkr gqvk fd *eka uUnk egksRlo ij Jh jke lsod lHkk] uSuhrky okyksa us ;g fu.kZ; fy;k gS fd ftl xkao ls eka uUnk dh izfrek cukus gsrq dnyh o`{k yk;k tkrk gS ml xkao esa xkao okyksa ds lg;ksx ls ekSlekuqdwy izfro"kZ 21 ikS/ks jksfir djrs gSa tks Ik;kZoj.kh; n`f"V ls ,d egRoiw.kZ dk;Z gSA vkLFkk ,oa fo'okl ls tqM+s ikS/ks tks vR;Ur gh mi;ksxh gksrs gSa] esa ls fdlh Hkh ,d o`{k@ikS/kksa dks efUnjksa ;k okuLifrd m|kuksa esa yxkdj ge lHkh yksx *Jh jke lsod lHkk] uSuhrky* dh rjg ls bl eka uUnk nsoh egksRlo ds ikou volj ij Ik;kZoj.k laj{k.k gsrq jpukRed lg;ksx ns ldrs gSaA

vkS"kf/k ds :Ik esa dnyh o`{k

lvk;qosZn esa bl o`{k dks yEch vk;q nsus okyk ekuk x;k gSA blds vykok blds Qwyksa dks 'okluyh 'kks/k] nLr] vYlj esa fn;k tkrk gSA Qwyksa ds jl dks isV esa ejksM+ gksus ij nsrs gSaA blds Qwyksa dks mckydj ngh ds lkFk [kkus ls jtks/keZ ds le; vR;f/kd jDrlzko gksus ij fn;k tkrk gSA iq"idyh ds fljs ij dkVus ds ckn tks Hkh jl dh cwansa fudyrh gSa mls detksj cPps dks rkdr gsrq nsrs gSaA ¼HkkxZo ,oa [kqYcs] 2007½

lflag rFkk vU; ¼1983½ ds vuqlkj e/kqesg] ân; jksx] ew=jDrnks"k] xqnsZ dh lwtu] okr jksx o vfrruko dh fLFkfr esa dsys ds ids Qy mi;ksxh gksrs gSaA

lblds Qwy ,oa Qyksa dks elydj vnjd] dkyh fepZ] gjM+] tk;Qy ,oa djkSank ds lkFk ikyrw Ik'kqvksa dks nLr yxus ij nsrs gSaA ¼HkkxZo ,oa [kqYcs] 2007½

ldsys ds isM+ dh tM+ ds ikl ik;s tkus okys dsapqvksa dks ihldj dkys HkÍ ds lkFk idkdj cuk;s x;s inkFkZ dks izlwrk dks nw/k c<+kus gsrq f[kykrs gSaA ¼lzksr% Jherh izsek lqoky] uxqfu;k] uSuhrky }kjk 'kekZ ,oa ik.Ms] 2009½

lIk'kqvksa ls vf/kd nw/k izkIr djus gsrq ids gq, dsyksa dks elydj ihls gq, ek"k ¼mjn½ ds lkFk f[kykrs gSaA dqN yksx dPps ;k ids dsyksa dks mjn ds fNDdy ;k eSnk ;k xsgw¡ ds pksdj ds lkFk Hkh f[kykrs gSaA ¼ik.Ms ,oa ik.Ms] 2004½

lflag ,oa vyh ¼1998½ ds vuqlkj dPps Qy ,oa idk;s x;s Qwy e/kqesg esa mi;ksxh gksrs gSaA bUgha ds vuqlkj dnyh o`{k dh tM+ksa dk 25 feyh vdZ izfrfnu lkr fnu rd ysus ls iq#"kksa esa cU/;rk gksrh gSA

cqf) ds fy, [kk|

nks vda ka s okyh ,d l[a ;k 1%2 ds vuiq kr ea s gAS ;fn bl l[a ;k ea s 1 tkMs + na s rks

;g ,d oxZ l[a ;k cu tkrh gAS ;fn bl l[a ;k ds vk/ks ea s 1 tkMs + na s rks iuq %

,d oxZ l[a ;k ikz Ir gkrs h gAS

;g l[a ;k nks oxkZ s dk vra j Hkh gS ftlds vda 2%1 ds vuiq kr ea s Hkh gAaS ;gh ugh]a

;g iuq % nks oxkZ s dk vra j Hkh gS ftuds vda ka s dk ;kxs 8 gAS bl l[a ;k dk lca /a k

dNq vU; l[a ;kvka s ls Hkh gS tlS s 2304] 110592] 5308416A

;gh ugh]a bl l[a ;k dk lca /a k jklk;fud rRo dMS fe;e ls Hkh gAS tjk cfq } ij

tkjs yxkb;s vkjS crkb;s fd ;g l[a ;k dkuS lh gAS

& fot; [kaMwjh

¼mRrj blh vda e½as

50

e/kqesg dh eq[; :i ls rhu fdLesa gksrh gS%&

1- Vkbi & 1] 2- Vkbi & 2 vkSj 3- tSLVs'kuy ;k xHkkZof/kdA buesa ls Vkbi&2 euq"; dks e/kqesg dk jksxh cuk nsrk gSA ,slh fLFkfr esa 'kjhj olk vkSj izksVhu dh ÅtkZ dks bLrseky djus yxrk gSA blds ifj.kkeLo:i ew=R;kx tYnh&tYnh gksus yxrk gS] Hkw[k&I;kl esa o`f) gks tkrh gS vkSj 'kjhj dk Hkkj ;k rks ?kVus ;k c<us yxrk gSA ;fn mi;qZDr y{k.k izdV gksus yxsa rks

lko/kku! e/kqesg tkuysok gS

izsepUnz JhokLro

e/kqesg cgqr iqjkuk jksx gSA vkerkSj ls fgUnh Hkk"kk esa Þe/kqesgß 'kCn dk iz;ksx MkbfcVht esfyVl ds fy, gksrk gSA MkbfcVht eSfyVl uke loZizFke 17oha 'krkCnh esa iz;qDr gqvk Fkk] D;ksafd ;g ew= dh ,slk voLFkk gS ftlesa ew= e/kq ¼'kgn½ dh Hkkafr ehBk ¼esfyVl½ gks tkrk gSA esfyVl ySfVu Hkk"kk dk 'kCn gSA ew= ds ehBk gksus dk vFkZ gS fd ew= esa vf/kd 'kdZjk vkrh gSA okLro esa ;g ,d mikip;h ¼esVkckWfyd½ xM+cM+h gSA bl voLFkk esa 'kjhj ;k rks balqfyu dk mRiknu ugha dj ikrk vFkok ;fn djrk Hkh gS rks bruh de ek=k esa dj ikrk gS fd mldk mi;ksx ugha gks ikrkA balqfyu ,d izdkj dk gkekZsau gSA 'kjhj dks balqfyu dh t:jr 'kdZjk vkSj e.M ¼LVkpZ½ vkSj dqN nwljs [kk| inkFkksZa dks ÅtkZ eas ifjofrZr djus ds fy, iM+Rkh gSA ew= ds vfrjDr e/kqesg dh igpku [kwu esa fujarj vf/kd ek=k esa 'kdZjk dh mifLFkfr ls Hkh dh tkrh gSA euq"; ds 'kjhj esa 'kdZjk dh ek=k de cuh jgs] vf/kd u gksus ik;s] blds fy, balqfyu vkSj XywdksxkWu dh vko';drk gksrh gsA ;s jDr esa 'kdZjk dh ek=k dks c<+us ugha nsrs gSaA XyqdksxkWu dksf'kdkvksa esa lafpr 'kdZjk dks [kwu esa Hkstus ds fy, izsfjr djrk gSA ,slk ÅtkZ mRiUu djus ds fy, fd;k tkrk gSA

lko/kku gks tkuk pkfg, D;ksafd gks ldrk fd vkidk e/kqesg jksx dh pisV esa vkuk izkjaHk gks x;k gksA ,slh fLFkfr esa vfoyEc fpfdRld dh lykg ysa vkSj vius 'kjhj dh jDr 'kdZjk dh tk¡p djk;saA Lej.k jgs fd ;g fcuk Hkkstu fd, 70 feyhxzke@Mh-,y ¼MslhyhVj½ lss de vkSj 110 feyhxzke@Mh-,y- ls vkf/kd u gksA 70 feyhxzke@Mh-,y- ls de dks gkbiksXykblhfe;k vkSj 110 feyhxzke@Mh-,y- ls vf/kd dks gkbijXykblhfe;k dgrs gSaA

e/kqesg jksx ds izfr dHkh Hkh ykijokgh ugha djuh pkfg,A yEcs le; ls e/kqesg ls ihfM+r O;fDr dHkh&dHkh vlko/kkuh ds dkj.k vk¡[k dh jks'kuh [kks nsrs gSa] dHkh muds xqnsZ dke djuk can dj nsrs gSaA vFkok iSj dh m¡xfy;kW Þxsaxjhuß ds dkj.k lM+us yxrh gSaA ,slh n'kk esa jksx dks QSyus ls jksdus ds fy, izHkkfor vax dks dkVuk Hkh iM+rk gSA

e/kqesg jksx dh laHkkouk mu O;fDr;ksa esa vf/kd ik;h x;h gS ftuds 'kjhj dk

foKku ifjppkZ o"kZ 2] vad 3 tuojh&ekpZ 2012

51

Hkkj eksVkis ds dkj.k vk;q vkSj yEckbZ ds vuqikr esa vf/kd gksrk gS] vFkok os O;fDr tks ekufld ncko esa jgrs gSa ;k ftuds ifjokj esa ;g jksx vkuqokaf'kd :i ls ekStwn jgrk gSA ,slh fLFkfr esa vius 'kjhj dh jDr'kdZjk dh fu;fer tk¡p vo'; djkrs jguk pkfg,A ;fn jDr esa 'kdZjk vf/kd gS rks ;g bl ckr dh laHkkouk dk ladsr gS fd xqnsZ [kjkc gks ldrs gSaA vkSj Luk;q jksx ls lacaf/kr leL;kvksa esa o`f) gks ldrh gSA ;gh ugha] e/kqesg jksxh dks e/kqesg eqDr O;fDr dh rqyuk esa g`n;k?kkr gksus dh vk'kadk pkSxquh gksrh gSA xHkZorh efgyk;sa ;fn e/kqesg jksx ls ihfM+r gSa rks ;g fLFkfr xHkZLFk f'k'kq ds fy, Hkh [krjukd gks ldrh gS vkSj xHkZLFk f'k'kq dh tku Hkh tk ldrh gSA

e/kqesg ,d ,slk jksx gS ftlls xzLr gksus ij dHkh iwjh rjg ls NqVdkjk ugha izkIr gks ldrkA fQj djsa D;k\ ;gk¡ jksxh dh Hkwfedk egRoiw.kZ gSA jksxh dks MkWDVj ds crk;s vuqlkj [kku&iku vkSj jgu&lgu esa fo'ks"k /;ku nsdj fu;fer thou O;rhr djuk pkfg,A nokvksa dks fu;fer :i ls] fpfdRld ds funsZ'kkuqlkj ysuk pkfg, vkSj ,slh phtsa tks jDr 'kdZjk esa o`f) djrh gSa] muds lsou ls cpuk pkfg,A ehBh phtsa mruh gh ek=k esa ysuh pkfg, ftldh vuqefr fpfdRld us nh gksA fu;fer :i ls vkS"kf/k dk lsou vkSj [kku&iku esa ijgst jksx dks fu;a=.k esa j[krk gSA bldh iwjh ftEesnkjh jksxh dh gSA orZeku esa ubZ nokvksa ds mi;ksx ls jksx dks fu;a=.k esa j[kk tk ldrk gSA

Vkbi 1 e/kqesg vf/kdrj cPpksa esa gksrk gSA dHkh&dHkh cPpksa ds vfrfjDr o;Ldksa] vkSj eksVs yksxksa dks gks ldrk gS ysfdu muesa bldh laHkkouk vR;Ur {kh.k gksrh gSA blds 10 izfr'kr jksxh mRrjh vesfjdk vkSj ;wjksi esa ik;s tkrs gSaA bl jksx dk dkj.k balqfyu iSnk djus okyh chVk dksf'kdkvksa dh deh gSA chVk dksf'kdk;sa ySaxj gSUl ds vkbySM ¼ySaxj gSUl dh dksf'kdk }hfidk½ ls tqM+h gksrh gSaA oSls bl jksx ds laca/k esa ,d pkaSdkus okyh ckr ;g gS fd

fpfdRlk foKku esa vR;f/kd izxfr ds ckotwn bldk mipkj vHkh Hkh vKkr gSA

Vkbi 2 e/kqesg xzLr jksfx;ksa dh la[;k vf/kd gksrh gSA e/kqesg dk ;g Lo:i gh lkekU;r% ik;k tkrk gSA bldh igpku balqfyu izfrjks/kd ds :i esa gqbZ gSA ;g vkerkSj ls de balqfyu ds lzko ds lkFk fey tkrk gSA jksx ds c<+us ds lkFk gh lkFk balqfyu dk lzko uqdlkunk;d gksrk gSA ,slh fo"ke fLFkfr esa balqfyu dk fpfdRlk dh n`f"V ls ifjorZu t:jh gks tkrk gSA nokvksa ds }kjk Xywdkst ds cuus esa deh ykbZ tk ldrh gSA

tsLVª'ku Mk;fcVht ;k xHkkZof/kd e/kqesg efgykvksa dh xHkkZoLFkk esa gksrk gSA vusd ekeyksa esa bldh lekurk Vkbi&2 e/kqesg ls ikbZ xbZ gSA ;g jksx xHkZorh efgykvksa esa 2 ls 5 izfr'kr ik;k tkrk gSA bl jksx ds lkFk ,d vPNkbZ ;g gS fd f'k'kq dks tUe nsus ds ckn lq/kkj vk tkrk gS vkSj efgyk jksxeqDr gks tkrh gS fdUrq xHkZdky ds nkSjku efgyk dh fpfdRlk vkSj Hkyh Hkk¡fr ns[k&Hkky dh t:jr gksrh gSA fQj Hkh vkxs pydj 20 ls 30 izfr'kr izHkkfor efgyk;sa Vkbi&2 e/kqesg dh f'kdkj gks tkrh gSaA

Vkbi &1 vkSj Vkbi &2 e/kqesgksa esa bl n`f"V ls dkQh lekurk gS fd nksuksa rjg ds e/kqesgksa dk dkj.k balqfyu dh deh gS vkSj balqfyu dh deh ls 'kjhj }kjk vf/kd 'kdZjk ds mRiknu ls [kwu esa 'kdZjk dh ek=k c<+ tkrh gSA vkS"kf/k;ksa ds lsou ls jDr 'kdZjk dh ek=k de gks tkrh gS] jksx ds y{k.k ugha fn[krs gSa vkSj LokLF; ls lacaf/kr leL;kvksa esa Hkh deh gksus yxrh gSA

okLrfodrk ;g gS fd Vkbi&1 e/kqesg ds izHkko ls vXU;k'k; ¼iSufØ;kt½ balqfyu mRiUu djuk can dj nsrk gSA balqfyu u jgus ls 'kjhj dh dksf'kdk;sa ,fMuksflu VªkbQkWLQsV ¼, Vh ih½ ;wfuV iSnk djus ds fy, ftruh ek=k esa Xywdkst pkfg, gksrk gS mruh ek=k esa Xywdkst ugha ys ikrh gSaA bldk ifj.kke ;g gksrk gS fd 'kq: 'kq: esa

jksx ds y{k.k fepyh vkSj mYVh ds :i esa fn[krs gSaA ckn esa tc 'kjhj ÅtkZ iSnk djus ds fy, ekalisf'k;ksa ds Årdksa vkSj olk dk iz;ksx djus yxrk gS rks Hkkj esa deh vkrh gSA ,d vkSj mYys[kuh; ckr ;g gS fd bysDVªksykbV dh deh ds dkj.k futZyhdj.k ¼MhgkbMªs'ku½ dh fLFkfr lkeus vk tkrh gSA ;gh ugha] futZyhdj.k dh voLFkk esa csgks'kh vkSj dHkh&dHkh e`R;q Hkh gks tkrh gSA

Vkbi &2 e/kqesg jksx dh n'kk esa dksf'kdk;sa Xywdkst ds p;kip; ;k esVkcksfyTe ds fy, v{ke gksrh gSa blfy, 'kjhj ÅtkZ izkIr djus ds fy, olk dk p;kip; izkjaHk dj nsrk gSA tc olk 'kjhj eas fi?ky tkrh gS rc 'kjhj Xywdkst dh rqyuk esa olk dk vf/kd iz;ksx djrk gSA fdUrq olk ls 'kjhj dh dSyksjh dh ek=k dh iwfrZ ugha gks ikrh vkSj ifj.kkeLo:i Fkdku eglwl gksrh gS] I;kl vf/kd yxrh gSA vf/kd Xywdkst ds dkj.k ew= vf/kd

mRiUu gksrk gSA ew= ds lkFk gh vfrfjDr jDr 'kdZjk ckgj fudyrh gSA blls 'kjhj ls vf/kd ikuh Hkh fudyrk gSA vf/kd ikuh fudyus ls futZyhdj.k dh fLFkfr mRiUu gks tkrh gSA

balqfyu gkeksZu dk ,d vkSj dk;Z gS vkSj og ;g fd balqfyu gkeksZu Hkw[k yxus ds fy, Hkh mRrjnk;h gSA de Hkw[k dk lkeuk djus ds fy, 'kjhj vf/kd balqfyu iSnk djrk gS] ftlls Hkw[k c<+rh gSA Hkw[k c<+us ls 'kjhj dk Hkkj Hkh c<+rk gSA lk/kkj.kr;k cgqew= ¼ik¡yk;wfj;k½ Xywdkslwfj;k] izksVhu dh deh vkSj olk dk p;kip; dqN ,sls dkjd gSa ftuds dkj.k 'kjhj ds Hkkj esa deh vk tkrh gSA blds foijhr fdlh&fdlh e/kqesg jksxh ds 'kjhj dk Hkkj vf/kd Hkw[k yxus ds dkj.k c<+us Hkh yxrk gSA dqN e/kqesg jksfx;ksa esa ;g Hkh ns[kk x;k gS fd muds 'kjhj dk nzo&inkFkZ Årdksa vkSj vk¡[k ds yasl ls ckgj fudyus yxrk gSA ,slh fLFkfr esa dqN n`f"V nks"k Hkh mRiUu gks tkrk gSA ;g fLFkfr gkbijksLeksyj gkbij Xykblhfe;k ukudsVksfud flaMªkse dgykrh gSA

50

e/kqesg dh eq[; :i ls rhu fdLesa gksrh gS%&

1- Vkbi & 1] 2- Vkbi & 2 vkSj 3- tSLVs'kuy ;k xHkkZof/kdA buesa ls Vkbi&2 euq"; dks e/kqesg dk jksxh cuk nsrk gSA ,slh fLFkfr esa 'kjhj olk vkSj izksVhu dh ÅtkZ dks bLrseky djus yxrk gSA blds ifj.kkeLo:i ew=R;kx tYnh&tYnh gksus yxrk gS] Hkw[k&I;kl esa o`f) gks tkrh gS vkSj 'kjhj dk Hkkj ;k rks ?kVus ;k c<us yxrk gSA ;fn mi;qZDr y{k.k izdV gksus yxsa rks

lko/kku! e/kqesg tkuysok gS

izsepUnz JhokLro

e/kqesg cgqr iqjkuk jksx gSA vkerkSj ls fgUnh Hkk"kk esa Þe/kqesgß 'kCn dk iz;ksx MkbfcVht esfyVl ds fy, gksrk gSA MkbfcVht eSfyVl uke loZizFke 17oha 'krkCnh esa iz;qDr gqvk Fkk] D;ksafd ;g ew= dh ,slk voLFkk gS ftlesa ew= e/kq ¼'kgn½ dh Hkkafr ehBk ¼esfyVl½ gks tkrk gSA esfyVl ySfVu Hkk"kk dk 'kCn gSA ew= ds ehBk gksus dk vFkZ gS fd ew= esa vf/kd 'kdZjk vkrh gSA okLro esa ;g ,d mikip;h ¼esVkckWfyd½ xM+cM+h gSA bl voLFkk esa 'kjhj ;k rks balqfyu dk mRiknu ugha dj ikrk vFkok ;fn djrk Hkh gS rks bruh de ek=k esa dj ikrk gS fd mldk mi;ksx ugha gks ikrkA balqfyu ,d izdkj dk gkekZsau gSA 'kjhj dks balqfyu dh t:jr 'kdZjk vkSj e.M ¼LVkpZ½ vkSj dqN nwljs [kk| inkFkksZa dks ÅtkZ eas ifjofrZr djus ds fy, iM+Rkh gSA ew= ds vfrjDr e/kqesg dh igpku [kwu esa fujarj vf/kd ek=k esa 'kdZjk dh mifLFkfr ls Hkh dh tkrh gSA euq"; ds 'kjhj esa 'kdZjk dh ek=k de cuh jgs] vf/kd u gksus ik;s] blds fy, balqfyu vkSj XywdksxkWu dh vko';drk gksrh gsA ;s jDr esa 'kdZjk dh ek=k dks c<+us ugha nsrs gSaA XyqdksxkWu dksf'kdkvksa esa lafpr 'kdZjk dks [kwu esa Hkstus ds fy, izsfjr djrk gSA ,slk ÅtkZ mRiUu djus ds fy, fd;k tkrk gSA

lko/kku gks tkuk pkfg, D;ksafd gks ldrk fd vkidk e/kqesg jksx dh pisV esa vkuk izkjaHk gks x;k gksA ,slh fLFkfr esa vfoyEc fpfdRld dh lykg ysa vkSj vius 'kjhj dh jDr 'kdZjk dh tk¡p djk;saA Lej.k jgs fd ;g fcuk Hkkstu fd, 70 feyhxzke@Mh-,y ¼MslhyhVj½ lss de vkSj 110 feyhxzke@Mh-,y- ls vkf/kd u gksA 70 feyhxzke@Mh-,y- ls de dks gkbiksXykblhfe;k vkSj 110 feyhxzke@Mh-,y- ls vf/kd dks gkbijXykblhfe;k dgrs gSaA

e/kqesg jksx ds izfr dHkh Hkh ykijokgh ugha djuh pkfg,A yEcs le; ls e/kqesg ls ihfM+r O;fDr dHkh&dHkh vlko/kkuh ds dkj.k vk¡[k dh jks'kuh [kks nsrs gSa] dHkh muds xqnsZ dke djuk can dj nsrs gSaA vFkok iSj dh m¡xfy;kW Þxsaxjhuß ds dkj.k lM+us yxrh gSaA ,slh n'kk esa jksx dks QSyus ls jksdus ds fy, izHkkfor vax dks dkVuk Hkh iM+rk gSA

e/kqesg jksx dh laHkkouk mu O;fDr;ksa esa vf/kd ik;h x;h gS ftuds 'kjhj dk

foKku ifjppkZ o"kZ 2] vad 3 tuojh&ekpZ 2012

51

Hkkj eksVkis ds dkj.k vk;q vkSj yEckbZ ds vuqikr esa vf/kd gksrk gS] vFkok os O;fDr tks ekufld ncko esa jgrs gSa ;k ftuds ifjokj esa ;g jksx vkuqokaf'kd :i ls ekStwn jgrk gSA ,slh fLFkfr esa vius 'kjhj dh jDr'kdZjk dh fu;fer tk¡p vo'; djkrs jguk pkfg,A ;fn jDr esa 'kdZjk vf/kd gS rks ;g bl ckr dh laHkkouk dk ladsr gS fd xqnsZ [kjkc gks ldrs gSaA vkSj Luk;q jksx ls lacaf/kr leL;kvksa esa o`f) gks ldrh gSA ;gh ugha] e/kqesg jksxh dks e/kqesg eqDr O;fDr dh rqyuk esa g`n;k?kkr gksus dh vk'kadk pkSxquh gksrh gSA xHkZorh efgyk;sa ;fn e/kqesg jksx ls ihfM+r gSa rks ;g fLFkfr xHkZLFk f'k'kq ds fy, Hkh [krjukd gks ldrh gS vkSj xHkZLFk f'k'kq dh tku Hkh tk ldrh gSA

e/kqesg ,d ,slk jksx gS ftlls xzLr gksus ij dHkh iwjh rjg ls NqVdkjk ugha izkIr gks ldrkA fQj djsa D;k\ ;gk¡ jksxh dh Hkwfedk egRoiw.kZ gSA jksxh dks MkWDVj ds crk;s vuqlkj [kku&iku vkSj jgu&lgu esa fo'ks"k /;ku nsdj fu;fer thou O;rhr djuk pkfg,A nokvksa dks fu;fer :i ls] fpfdRld ds funsZ'kkuqlkj ysuk pkfg, vkSj ,slh phtsa tks jDr 'kdZjk esa o`f) djrh gSa] muds lsou ls cpuk pkfg,A ehBh phtsa mruh gh ek=k esa ysuh pkfg, ftldh vuqefr fpfdRld us nh gksA fu;fer :i ls vkS"kf/k dk lsou vkSj [kku&iku esa ijgst jksx dks fu;a=.k esa j[krk gSA bldh iwjh ftEesnkjh jksxh dh gSA orZeku esa ubZ nokvksa ds mi;ksx ls jksx dks fu;a=.k esa j[kk tk ldrk gSA

Vkbi 1 e/kqesg vf/kdrj cPpksa esa gksrk gSA dHkh&dHkh cPpksa ds vfrfjDr o;Ldksa] vkSj eksVs yksxksa dks gks ldrk gS ysfdu muesa bldh laHkkouk vR;Ur {kh.k gksrh gSA blds 10 izfr'kr jksxh mRrjh vesfjdk vkSj ;wjksi esa ik;s tkrs gSaA bl jksx dk dkj.k balqfyu iSnk djus okyh chVk dksf'kdkvksa dh deh gSA chVk dksf'kdk;sa ySaxj gSUl ds vkbySM ¼ySaxj gSUl dh dksf'kdk }hfidk½ ls tqM+h gksrh gSaA oSls bl jksx ds laca/k esa ,d pkaSdkus okyh ckr ;g gS fd

fpfdRlk foKku esa vR;f/kd izxfr ds ckotwn bldk mipkj vHkh Hkh vKkr gSA

Vkbi 2 e/kqesg xzLr jksfx;ksa dh la[;k vf/kd gksrh gSA e/kqesg dk ;g Lo:i gh lkekU;r% ik;k tkrk gSA bldh igpku balqfyu izfrjks/kd ds :i esa gqbZ gSA ;g vkerkSj ls de balqfyu ds lzko ds lkFk fey tkrk gSA jksx ds c<+us ds lkFk gh lkFk balqfyu dk lzko uqdlkunk;d gksrk gSA ,slh fo"ke fLFkfr esa balqfyu dk fpfdRlk dh n`f"V ls ifjorZu t:jh gks tkrk gSA nokvksa ds }kjk Xywdkst ds cuus esa deh ykbZ tk ldrh gSA

tsLVª'ku Mk;fcVht ;k xHkkZof/kd e/kqesg efgykvksa dh xHkkZoLFkk esa gksrk gSA vusd ekeyksa esa bldh lekurk Vkbi&2 e/kqesg ls ikbZ xbZ gSA ;g jksx xHkZorh efgykvksa esa 2 ls 5 izfr'kr ik;k tkrk gSA bl jksx ds lkFk ,d vPNkbZ ;g gS fd f'k'kq dks tUe nsus ds ckn lq/kkj vk tkrk gS vkSj efgyk jksxeqDr gks tkrh gS fdUrq xHkZdky ds nkSjku efgyk dh fpfdRlk vkSj Hkyh Hkk¡fr ns[k&Hkky dh t:jr gksrh gSA fQj Hkh vkxs pydj 20 ls 30 izfr'kr izHkkfor efgyk;sa Vkbi&2 e/kqesg dh f'kdkj gks tkrh gSaA

Vkbi &1 vkSj Vkbi &2 e/kqesgksa esa bl n`f"V ls dkQh lekurk gS fd nksuksa rjg ds e/kqesgksa dk dkj.k balqfyu dh deh gS vkSj balqfyu dh deh ls 'kjhj }kjk vf/kd 'kdZjk ds mRiknu ls [kwu esa 'kdZjk dh ek=k c<+ tkrh gSA vkS"kf/k;ksa ds lsou ls jDr 'kdZjk dh ek=k de gks tkrh gS] jksx ds y{k.k ugha fn[krs gSa vkSj LokLF; ls lacaf/kr leL;kvksa esa Hkh deh gksus yxrh gSA

okLrfodrk ;g gS fd Vkbi&1 e/kqesg ds izHkko ls vXU;k'k; ¼iSufØ;kt½ balqfyu mRiUu djuk can dj nsrk gSA balqfyu u jgus ls 'kjhj dh dksf'kdk;sa ,fMuksflu VªkbQkWLQsV ¼, Vh ih½ ;wfuV iSnk djus ds fy, ftruh ek=k esa Xywdkst pkfg, gksrk gS mruh ek=k esa Xywdkst ugha ys ikrh gSaA bldk ifj.kke ;g gksrk gS fd 'kq: 'kq: esa

jksx ds y{k.k fepyh vkSj mYVh ds :i esa fn[krs gSaA ckn esa tc 'kjhj ÅtkZ iSnk djus ds fy, ekalisf'k;ksa ds Årdksa vkSj olk dk iz;ksx djus yxrk gS rks Hkkj esa deh vkrh gSA ,d vkSj mYys[kuh; ckr ;g gS fd bysDVªksykbV dh deh ds dkj.k futZyhdj.k ¼MhgkbMªs'ku½ dh fLFkfr lkeus vk tkrh gSA ;gh ugha] futZyhdj.k dh voLFkk esa csgks'kh vkSj dHkh&dHkh e`R;q Hkh gks tkrh gSA

Vkbi &2 e/kqesg jksx dh n'kk esa dksf'kdk;sa Xywdkst ds p;kip; ;k esVkcksfyTe ds fy, v{ke gksrh gSa blfy, 'kjhj ÅtkZ izkIr djus ds fy, olk dk p;kip; izkjaHk dj nsrk gSA tc olk 'kjhj eas fi?ky tkrh gS rc 'kjhj Xywdkst dh rqyuk esa olk dk vf/kd iz;ksx djrk gSA fdUrq olk ls 'kjhj dh dSyksjh dh ek=k dh iwfrZ ugha gks ikrh vkSj ifj.kkeLo:i Fkdku eglwl gksrh gS] I;kl vf/kd yxrh gSA vf/kd Xywdkst ds dkj.k ew= vf/kd

mRiUu gksrk gSA ew= ds lkFk gh vfrfjDr jDr 'kdZjk ckgj fudyrh gSA blls 'kjhj ls vf/kd ikuh Hkh fudyrk gSA vf/kd ikuh fudyus ls futZyhdj.k dh fLFkfr mRiUu gks tkrh gSA

balqfyu gkeksZu dk ,d vkSj dk;Z gS vkSj og ;g fd balqfyu gkeksZu Hkw[k yxus ds fy, Hkh mRrjnk;h gSA de Hkw[k dk lkeuk djus ds fy, 'kjhj vf/kd balqfyu iSnk djrk gS] ftlls Hkw[k c<+rh gSA Hkw[k c<+us ls 'kjhj dk Hkkj Hkh c<+rk gSA lk/kkj.kr;k cgqew= ¼ik¡yk;wfj;k½ Xywdkslwfj;k] izksVhu dh deh vkSj olk dk p;kip; dqN ,sls dkjd gSa ftuds dkj.k 'kjhj ds Hkkj esa deh vk tkrh gSA blds foijhr fdlh&fdlh e/kqesg jksxh ds 'kjhj dk Hkkj vf/kd Hkw[k yxus ds dkj.k c<+us Hkh yxrk gSA dqN e/kqesg jksfx;ksa esa ;g Hkh ns[kk x;k gS fd muds 'kjhj dk nzo&inkFkZ Årdksa vkSj vk¡[k ds yasl ls ckgj fudyus yxrk gSA ,slh fLFkfr esa dqN n`f"V nks"k Hkh mRiUu gks tkrk gSA ;g fLFkfr gkbijksLeksyj gkbij Xykblhfe;k ukudsVksfud flaMªkse dgykrh gSA

52

e/kqesg dh psrkouh

foKku ifjppkZ o"kZ 2] vad 3 tuojh&ekpZ 2012

n`f"Vnks"k dk mRiUu gksuk vFkkZr /kq¡/kyk fn[kkbZ nsuk jDr esa 'kdZjk dh c<+h gqbZ ek=k dh igpku gSA jDr esa 'kdZjk dh ek=k ds c<+us ls e/kqesg jksxh Fkdk&Fkdk lk eglwl djrs gSa D;ksafd efLr"d vkSj vU; vaxksa dks Xywdkst dh vkiwfrZ Bhd ls ugha gks ikrh gSA jDr 'kdZjk dh ek=k ds c<+us vFkok ?kVus ls izfrj{k.k iz.kkyh ¼bE;wu flLVe½ Hkh izHkkfor gksrh gS vkSj ew= uyh esa ¼Qaxl½ ;k thok.kq ¼cSDVhfj;k½ dk laØe.k gks tkrk gSA jDr esa 'kdZjk dh vf/kd ek=k ds dkj.k 'osr jDr df.kdkvksa ¼MCyw ch lh½ dk fodkl ckf/kr gksrk gSA ;gk¡ ;g tku ysuk vko';d gS fd 'osr jDr df.kdk,¡ 'kjhj dh izfrj{k.k iz.kkyh ds fy, ftEesnkj gksrh gSaA ,slk izk;% ns[kus esa vkrk gS fd ,d rks e/kqesg jksfx;ksa ds ?kko tYnh ugha Hkjrs gSa vkSj nwljs e/kqesg jksxh ;fn yEcs le; ls jksxxzLr gSa rks mudh jDr dh /kefu;k¡ eksVh gks tkrh gSaA /kefu;ksa ds eksVh gksus ls jDr dk lapkj 'kjhj ds fofHkUu vaxksa esa Bhd ls ugha gks ikrk gSA

mijksDr xM+cfM+;ksa ds dkj.k e/kqesg jksxh dh ns[kHkky dh fo'ks"k :i ls vko';drk gksrh gSA jksxh dh ns[kHkky esa vusd dfBukb;k¡ lkeus vkrh gSaA igyh dfBukbZ rks ;g gS fd jksx dk okLrfod dkj.k irk ugha gS vr,o jksdFkke esa dfBukbZ gksrh gSA nwljs

e/kqesg dh pisV esa vk;k jksxh thoui;ZUr e/kqesg jksxh cuk jgrk gSA dgrs gSa jksx jksxh ds lkFk gh tkrk gSA blfy, jksxh dks Lo;a vius LokLF; dh ns[kHkky djuh iM+rh gS] [kku&iku esa fu;a=.k j[kuk iM+rk gS vkSj fpfdRld dh lykg ls vkS"kf/k;ksa dk lsou fu;er% djrs jguk gksrk gSA

e/kqesg jksxh dks nSfud thou esa dqN lko/kkfu;k¡ cjruh vko';d gSaA mnkgj.k ds fy,

1- jksx dh xEHkhjrk ds vuqlkj fu;r le; ij jDr'kdZjk dk ijh{k.k djkrs jguk pkfg,A

2- fpfdRld }kjk crkbZ xbZ vkS"kf/k;ksa dk lsou fcuk ukxk fd, le; ij djuk pkfg, vkSj vko';drkuqlkj balqfyu ysrs jguk pkfg,A

3- [kwu esa 'kdZjk dh ek=k dks c<+us u nsus ds fy, fpfdRld }kjk crk, x, O;k;ke dks djrs jguk pkfg,A lqcg&'kke [kqyh gok ;k ikdZ esa Vgyuk e/kqesg jksxh dks vf/kd ykHk igq¡pkrk gSA

4- 'kdZjk dk jDr esa Lrj vko';drk ls vf/kd ?kV tkus ij vU; izdkj dh tfVyrk,a mRiUu gks tkrh gSa blfy, ,slh voLFkk esa Qy dk jl] Xywdkst dk is; ;k dqN ehBk

ys ysuk pkfg,A blls jDr 'kdZjk lkekU; gks tkrh gSA

5- 'kjhj dk Hkkj ;k eksVkik e/kqesg jksxh ds fy, [krjukd gksrk gSA blfy, os lHkh mik; viukus pkfg, ftlls 'kjhj dk Hkkj c<+us u ik;sA

pw¡fd e/kqesg thouHkj lkFk jgus okyk jksx gS blfy, bls fu;a=.k esa j[kuk gh ,dek= mik; gSA jksxh dks jksx ds lkFk jgus vkSj mls fu;a=.k esa j[kus dh vknr Mky ysuh pkfg,A

lk/kkj.kr;k e/kqesg jksxh vkxs py dj mPp jDr pki vkSj g`n; jksx dh pisV esa Hkh vk tkrs gSaA ,sls jksfx;ksa esa /kweziku Hkh dksysLVsjkWy c<+krk gSA mPp jDr pki dk c<+uk] jDr /kefu;ksa esa dksysLVsjkWy dk teko vkSj eksVkik ?kkrd gks ldrs gSaA bl ckr dks Hkyh Hkkafr le> ysuk pkfg,A

blfy, jksxh dk jksx ds izfr f'kf{kr gksuk] [kku&iku ij fu;a=.k j[kuk vkSj fu;fer O;k;ke dh lgk;rk ls jksx dks fu;a=.k esa j[kuk gh bldh ,dek= fpfdRlk gSA blh dk vuqlj.k djds thou dk Hkjiwj vkuUn mBk;k tk ldrk gSA cl vkidks viuh thou 'kSyh ij fu;a=.k vkSj vius fpfdRld esa iwjk fo'okl gksuk pkfg,A

iwoZ LkEiknd ^foKku if=dk*] foKku ifj"kn] iz;kx] bykgckn

vc e/keq gs jkxs ls xfz lr gkus s dh prs kouh 10 o"kZ iow Z fey ldrh gAS fcVz us ds cKS kfudka s us jDr & ijh{k.k ds ek/;e ls ,d ,ls h rduhd fodflr dh gS tks e/keq gs dk iow kuZ eq ku dj ldrh gAS

fda Xa l dkyW ts ] yna u ds oKS kfudka s ds ,d ny us nkok fd;k gS fd muds }kjk fodflr rduhd dh lgk;rk ls lkekU; e/keq gs ¼Vkbi 2 e/keq gs ½ dk igys ls irk yxk;k tk ldrk gAS ;g Hkh irk fd;k tk ldrk gS fd fdUga s ;g jkxs viuh piVs ea s yxs k vkjS fdUga s ughAa jDr 'kdjZ k dh tkp¡ ls ;g Hkh irk djuk lHa ko gS fd fdu O;fDr;ka s dks e/keq gs ls lca fa /kr gn;k?kkr ¼gkVvZ VdS ½] i{kk?kkr vkjS vlkekU; jDr&lpa kj dh xMc+ fM;+ k¡ gks ldrh gAaS vc ijh{k.k }kjk e/keq gs jkfs x;ka s ds jDr ea s vkuoq kfa 'kd v.kvq ka s ds Lrj dks ekyew djuk Hkh lHa ko gks x;k gAS bUgh v.kvq ka s dks ekbØks vkj ,u , ¼MiR½ dgrs gAaS ÞMys h Vfs yxkz Qß ds vulq kj ;s l{w ke vkj ,u , ¼jkbckls U;fw Dyd ,flM½ gn;k?kkr ds [krjs vkjS f'kjkvka s dh xMc+ fM;+ ka s dk lgh irk ns ldrs gAaS vx.z kh foKkuh euS ;q y ejs us dgk gS fd ikjia fjd ijh{k.kka s ds lkFk gh bl ubZ ijh{k.k rduhd dh Hkh lgk;rk yh tk ldrh gAS bl rduhd dk lcls cMk+ ykHk ;g gS fd blls ;g vueq ku yxk;k tk ldrk gS fd blls jDr&ufydkvka s dks fdruk udq lku igp¡q k gAS

53

fgUnh Hkk"kk dk ;g cgrq cMk+ nHq kkXZ ; jgk gS fd gekjs cfq )thoh tc Hkh cky&lkfgR; ;k cky&y[s ku dh ppkZ djrs ga S rks os bls dos y dgkuh&dfork ds nk;js ea s leVs dj ml i{k dh ijw h rjg vogys uk dj nrs s ga S tks vkt ds le; dh lcls cMh+ t:jr gS vkjS og gS foKku vk/kkfjr y[s ku] foKku lEcU/kh lkfgR; ftlds fcuk fodflr gbq Z ih<h+ Hkfo"; ea s luq gys i[a kka s okys lQns ?kkMs s +ij cBS dj flQZ dkYifud :i ls gh vUrfj{k dh ljS dj ik,xh vkjS ml nkjS ea s Hkh egt ^ge gkxas s dke;kc ,d fnu* dk jkx vykirs g,q gh gea s fon's kka sls vk;kfrr rduhd ij vk/kkfjr jguk gkxs kA

fgUnh esa cky foKku lkfgR;% ,d n`f"Vvkt dk ;qx ftlesa ge th jgs gSa] iwjh rjg foKku dk ;qx gSA foKku ls vyx jgdj thou dh dYiuk dj ikuk Hkh vc laHko ugha jg x;k gSA vr% ,d Lora= jk"Vª ds ftEesnkj ukxfjd dh gSfl;r ls ge lcdk ;g dÙkZO; curk gS fd ge viuh vkus okyh ih<+h ds fy, ,d ,sls vk/kqfud okrkoj.k dk fuekZ.k djsa tgk¡ foKku muds lkFk 'kq: ls ,d 'kq"d o uhjl fo"k; ds ctk; etsnkj nksLr dh Hkwfedk vnk djs vkSj bl fn'kk esa jkspd oSKkfud cky lkfgR; vk'kkrhr izHkko iSnk dj ldrk gSA

Kku pkgs iqLrd vkSj i=&if=dkvksa ds izdk'ku ds :i esa gks ;k jsfM;ks] Vh-oh- }kjk izLrqr dk;ZØeksa ds izlkj.k ds :i esa ij ys[ku dk egRo viuh txg iwjh rjg cuk gh jgrk gSA blh egRo dks Lohdkjrs gq, dqN bl rjg ds lkfgR; dk ys[ku vkt dh lcls cM+h t:jr gS tks ^'kqxj dksVsM* nokbZ dh rjg gekjs cky&ikBdksa ds fy, lqxzkº; Hkh gks vkSj ykHkizn HkhA

vkboj ;wf'k,y

gekjs n's k ea s vHkh rd Lrjh; o ikz ekf.kd oKS kfud lkfgR; dk viuh Hkkjrh; Hkk"kkvka s ea s vHkko D;ka s ga S & bl egRoi.w kZ i'z u dks yds j fd;s x;s ,d lo{Zs k.k ds nkjS ku lcls igys tks ckr lkeus vk;h og 'kk;n ikBd dh Hkk"kk vkjS mldh vkfFkdZ fLFkfr ls feys tyq s rkjS ij lEcfU/kr FkhA vxa tsz h ea s idz kf'kr iLq rdka s ds Åp¡ s nkeka s ij fcdus dh lHa kkouk Hkys gh gks ij l[a ;k ea s fuf'pr :i ls mudh igp¡q ,d [kkl ikBd oxZ rd gh lhfer gAS fgUnh ea s ,ls s ikBdka s dh l[a ;k fu%lna gs dgha vf/kd gS ij bl oxZ dh vkfFkdZ fLFkfr ,ls s mi;kxs h lkfgR; dks [kjhnus ls bUga svf/kdrj ofa pr j[krh gAS ;gk¡ ds mPp

Lrjh; oxZ dk fon's k ls vk;kfrr iLq rdka s ds ifz r >dq ko ;k ekgs nls h idz k'kdka s dh vxa tsz h iLq rdka s ij tgk¡ ,d lh/kk igz kj djrk g]S ogha ikz ;% fgUnh idz k'kuka s dk fuEuLr pkgs og fo"k; dk detkjs iLz rfq rdj.k gk]s vukd"kdZ fp= o NikbZ ;k fQj ekVs k&ekVs k dkxt] vius ikBdka s dks fdlh ,ls s ekgs ik'k ea sugha ck/¡ k ikrk tgk¡ os viuh lhek ls fudydj Hkh bls [kjhn yAas

nlw jh e[q ; leL;k lkeus vk;h y[s kdka sls lEcfU/kr! gekjs n's k ea s vkt Hkh foKku dh Åp¡ h f'k{kk vxa tsz h ekk/;e ls gh gkfly djkbZ tk jgh gAS ,d Hkk"kk ds ek/;e ls ikz Ir fd;s x;s Kku dks nlw jh Hkk"kk ea s iLz rrq djuk y[s kd ds fy, vklku ugha gkrs kA fo'k"s k rkjS ij mu ikBdka s ds fy, fy[kuk ftuds eu ea s fo"k; ds ifz r #fp Hkh txkuh gks vkjS lkFk&lkFk mUga s lh/kh&ljy Hkk"kk ea sle>kuk Hkh gks rks ;g dk;Z nkgs js mÙkjnkf;Ro dks ogu djus tlS k gks tkrk gAS pfaw d y[s kd ds ikl bl puq krS h dks Lohdkjus ds fy, uke ;k nke tlS k dkbs Z Hkh vkd"k.Z k ugha gkrs k vr% cgrq de jpuk'khy efLr"d bl {k=s dh vkjS #[k djrs gAaS

52

e/kqesg dh psrkouh

foKku ifjppkZ o"kZ 2] vad 3 tuojh&ekpZ 2012

n`f"Vnks"k dk mRiUu gksuk vFkkZr /kq¡/kyk fn[kkbZ nsuk jDr esa 'kdZjk dh c<+h gqbZ ek=k dh igpku gSA jDr esa 'kdZjk dh ek=k ds c<+us ls e/kqesg jksxh Fkdk&Fkdk lk eglwl djrs gSa D;ksafd efLr"d vkSj vU; vaxksa dks Xywdkst dh vkiwfrZ Bhd ls ugha gks ikrh gSA jDr 'kdZjk dh ek=k ds c<+us vFkok ?kVus ls izfrj{k.k iz.kkyh ¼bE;wu flLVe½ Hkh izHkkfor gksrh gS vkSj ew= uyh esa ¼Qaxl½ ;k thok.kq ¼cSDVhfj;k½ dk laØe.k gks tkrk gSA jDr esa 'kdZjk dh vf/kd ek=k ds dkj.k 'osr jDr df.kdkvksa ¼MCyw ch lh½ dk fodkl ckf/kr gksrk gSA ;gk¡ ;g tku ysuk vko';d gS fd 'osr jDr df.kdk,¡ 'kjhj dh izfrj{k.k iz.kkyh ds fy, ftEesnkj gksrh gSaA ,slk izk;% ns[kus esa vkrk gS fd ,d rks e/kqesg jksfx;ksa ds ?kko tYnh ugha Hkjrs gSa vkSj nwljs e/kqesg jksxh ;fn yEcs le; ls jksxxzLr gSa rks mudh jDr dh /kefu;k¡ eksVh gks tkrh gSaA /kefu;ksa ds eksVh gksus ls jDr dk lapkj 'kjhj ds fofHkUu vaxksa esa Bhd ls ugha gks ikrk gSA

mijksDr xM+cfM+;ksa ds dkj.k e/kqesg jksxh dh ns[kHkky dh fo'ks"k :i ls vko';drk gksrh gSA jksxh dh ns[kHkky esa vusd dfBukb;k¡ lkeus vkrh gSaA igyh dfBukbZ rks ;g gS fd jksx dk okLrfod dkj.k irk ugha gS vr,o jksdFkke esa dfBukbZ gksrh gSA nwljs

e/kqesg dh pisV esa vk;k jksxh thoui;ZUr e/kqesg jksxh cuk jgrk gSA dgrs gSa jksx jksxh ds lkFk gh tkrk gSA blfy, jksxh dks Lo;a vius LokLF; dh ns[kHkky djuh iM+rh gS] [kku&iku esa fu;a=.k j[kuk iM+rk gS vkSj fpfdRld dh lykg ls vkS"kf/k;ksa dk lsou fu;er% djrs jguk gksrk gSA

e/kqesg jksxh dks nSfud thou esa dqN lko/kkfu;k¡ cjruh vko';d gSaA mnkgj.k ds fy,

1- jksx dh xEHkhjrk ds vuqlkj fu;r le; ij jDr'kdZjk dk ijh{k.k djkrs jguk pkfg,A

2- fpfdRld }kjk crkbZ xbZ vkS"kf/k;ksa dk lsou fcuk ukxk fd, le; ij djuk pkfg, vkSj vko';drkuqlkj balqfyu ysrs jguk pkfg,A

3- [kwu esa 'kdZjk dh ek=k dks c<+us u nsus ds fy, fpfdRld }kjk crk, x, O;k;ke dks djrs jguk pkfg,A lqcg&'kke [kqyh gok ;k ikdZ esa Vgyuk e/kqesg jksxh dks vf/kd ykHk igq¡pkrk gSA

4- 'kdZjk dk jDr esa Lrj vko';drk ls vf/kd ?kV tkus ij vU; izdkj dh tfVyrk,a mRiUu gks tkrh gSa blfy, ,slh voLFkk esa Qy dk jl] Xywdkst dk is; ;k dqN ehBk

ys ysuk pkfg,A blls jDr 'kdZjk lkekU; gks tkrh gSA

5- 'kjhj dk Hkkj ;k eksVkik e/kqesg jksxh ds fy, [krjukd gksrk gSA blfy, os lHkh mik; viukus pkfg, ftlls 'kjhj dk Hkkj c<+us u ik;sA

pw¡fd e/kqesg thouHkj lkFk jgus okyk jksx gS blfy, bls fu;a=.k esa j[kuk gh ,dek= mik; gSA jksxh dks jksx ds lkFk jgus vkSj mls fu;a=.k esa j[kus dh vknr Mky ysuh pkfg,A

lk/kkj.kr;k e/kqesg jksxh vkxs py dj mPp jDr pki vkSj g`n; jksx dh pisV esa Hkh vk tkrs gSaA ,sls jksfx;ksa esa /kweziku Hkh dksysLVsjkWy c<+krk gSA mPp jDr pki dk c<+uk] jDr /kefu;ksa esa dksysLVsjkWy dk teko vkSj eksVkik ?kkrd gks ldrs gSaA bl ckr dks Hkyh Hkkafr le> ysuk pkfg,A

blfy, jksxh dk jksx ds izfr f'kf{kr gksuk] [kku&iku ij fu;a=.k j[kuk vkSj fu;fer O;k;ke dh lgk;rk ls jksx dks fu;a=.k esa j[kuk gh bldh ,dek= fpfdRlk gSA blh dk vuqlj.k djds thou dk Hkjiwj vkuUn mBk;k tk ldrk gSA cl vkidks viuh thou 'kSyh ij fu;a=.k vkSj vius fpfdRld esa iwjk fo'okl gksuk pkfg,A

iwoZ LkEiknd ^foKku if=dk*] foKku ifj"kn] iz;kx] bykgckn

vc e/keq gs jkxs ls xfz lr gkus s dh prs kouh 10 o"kZ iow Z fey ldrh gAS fcVz us ds cKS kfudka s us jDr & ijh{k.k ds ek/;e ls ,d ,ls h rduhd fodflr dh gS tks e/keq gs dk iow kuZ eq ku dj ldrh gAS

fda Xa l dkyW ts ] yna u ds oKS kfudka s ds ,d ny us nkok fd;k gS fd muds }kjk fodflr rduhd dh lgk;rk ls lkekU; e/keq gs ¼Vkbi 2 e/keq gs ½ dk igys ls irk yxk;k tk ldrk gAS ;g Hkh irk fd;k tk ldrk gS fd fdUga s ;g jkxs viuh piVs ea s yxs k vkjS fdUga s ughAa jDr 'kdjZ k dh tkp¡ ls ;g Hkh irk djuk lHa ko gS fd fdu O;fDr;ka s dks e/keq gs ls lca fa /kr gn;k?kkr ¼gkVvZ VdS ½] i{kk?kkr vkjS vlkekU; jDr&lpa kj dh xMc+ fM;+ k¡ gks ldrh gAaS vc ijh{k.k }kjk e/keq gs jkfs x;ka s ds jDr ea s vkuoq kfa 'kd v.kvq ka s ds Lrj dks ekyew djuk Hkh lHa ko gks x;k gAS bUgh v.kvq ka s dks ekbØks vkj ,u , ¼MiR½ dgrs gAaS ÞMys h Vfs yxkz Qß ds vulq kj ;s l{w ke vkj ,u , ¼jkbckls U;fw Dyd ,flM½ gn;k?kkr ds [krjs vkjS f'kjkvka s dh xMc+ fM;+ ka s dk lgh irk ns ldrs gAaS vx.z kh foKkuh euS ;q y ejs us dgk gS fd ikjia fjd ijh{k.kka s ds lkFk gh bl ubZ ijh{k.k rduhd dh Hkh lgk;rk yh tk ldrh gAS bl rduhd dk lcls cMk+ ykHk ;g gS fd blls ;g vueq ku yxk;k tk ldrk gS fd blls jDr&ufydkvka s dks fdruk udq lku igp¡q k gAS

53

fgUnh Hkk"kk dk ;g cgrq cMk+ nHq kkXZ ; jgk gS fd gekjs cfq )thoh tc Hkh cky&lkfgR; ;k cky&y[s ku dh ppkZ djrs ga S rks os bls dos y dgkuh&dfork ds nk;js ea s leVs dj ml i{k dh ijw h rjg vogys uk dj nrs s ga S tks vkt ds le; dh lcls cMh+ t:jr gS vkjS og gS foKku vk/kkfjr y[s ku] foKku lEcU/kh lkfgR; ftlds fcuk fodflr gbq Z ih<h+ Hkfo"; ea s luq gys i[a kka s okys lQns ?kkMs s +ij cBS dj flQZ dkYifud :i ls gh vUrfj{k dh ljS dj ik,xh vkjS ml nkjS ea s Hkh egt ^ge gkxas s dke;kc ,d fnu* dk jkx vykirs g,q gh gea s fon's kka sls vk;kfrr rduhd ij vk/kkfjr jguk gkxs kA

fgUnh esa cky foKku lkfgR;% ,d n`f"Vvkt dk ;qx ftlesa ge th jgs gSa] iwjh rjg foKku dk ;qx gSA foKku ls vyx jgdj thou dh dYiuk dj ikuk Hkh vc laHko ugha jg x;k gSA vr% ,d Lora= jk"Vª ds ftEesnkj ukxfjd dh gSfl;r ls ge lcdk ;g dÙkZO; curk gS fd ge viuh vkus okyh ih<+h ds fy, ,d ,sls vk/kqfud okrkoj.k dk fuekZ.k djsa tgk¡ foKku muds lkFk 'kq: ls ,d 'kq"d o uhjl fo"k; ds ctk; etsnkj nksLr dh Hkwfedk vnk djs vkSj bl fn'kk esa jkspd oSKkfud cky lkfgR; vk'kkrhr izHkko iSnk dj ldrk gSA

Kku pkgs iqLrd vkSj i=&if=dkvksa ds izdk'ku ds :i esa gks ;k jsfM;ks] Vh-oh- }kjk izLrqr dk;ZØeksa ds izlkj.k ds :i esa ij ys[ku dk egRo viuh txg iwjh rjg cuk gh jgrk gSA blh egRo dks Lohdkjrs gq, dqN bl rjg ds lkfgR; dk ys[ku vkt dh lcls cM+h t:jr gS tks ^'kqxj dksVsM* nokbZ dh rjg gekjs cky&ikBdksa ds fy, lqxzkº; Hkh gks vkSj ykHkizn HkhA

vkboj ;wf'k,y

gekjs n's k ea s vHkh rd Lrjh; o ikz ekf.kd oKS kfud lkfgR; dk viuh Hkkjrh; Hkk"kkvka s ea s vHkko D;ka s ga S & bl egRoi.w kZ i'z u dks yds j fd;s x;s ,d lo{Zs k.k ds nkjS ku lcls igys tks ckr lkeus vk;h og 'kk;n ikBd dh Hkk"kk vkjS mldh vkfFkdZ fLFkfr ls feys tyq s rkjS ij lEcfU/kr FkhA vxa tsz h ea s idz kf'kr iLq rdka s ds Åp¡ s nkeka s ij fcdus dh lHa kkouk Hkys gh gks ij l[a ;k ea s fuf'pr :i ls mudh igp¡q ,d [kkl ikBd oxZ rd gh lhfer gAS fgUnh ea s ,ls s ikBdka s dh l[a ;k fu%lna gs dgha vf/kd gS ij bl oxZ dh vkfFkdZ fLFkfr ,ls s mi;kxs h lkfgR; dks [kjhnus ls bUga svf/kdrj ofa pr j[krh gAS ;gk¡ ds mPp

Lrjh; oxZ dk fon's k ls vk;kfrr iLq rdka s ds ifz r >dq ko ;k ekgs nls h idz k'kdka s dh vxa tsz h iLq rdka s ij tgk¡ ,d lh/kk igz kj djrk g]S ogha ikz ;% fgUnh idz k'kuka s dk fuEuLr pkgs og fo"k; dk detkjs iLz rfq rdj.k gk]s vukd"kdZ fp= o NikbZ ;k fQj ekVs k&ekVs k dkxt] vius ikBdka s dks fdlh ,ls s ekgs ik'k ea sugha ck/¡ k ikrk tgk¡ os viuh lhek ls fudydj Hkh bls [kjhn yAas

nlw jh e[q ; leL;k lkeus vk;h y[s kdka sls lEcfU/kr! gekjs n's k ea s vkt Hkh foKku dh Åp¡ h f'k{kk vxa tsz h ekk/;e ls gh gkfly djkbZ tk jgh gAS ,d Hkk"kk ds ek/;e ls ikz Ir fd;s x;s Kku dks nlw jh Hkk"kk ea s iLz rrq djuk y[s kd ds fy, vklku ugha gkrs kA fo'k"s k rkjS ij mu ikBdka s ds fy, fy[kuk ftuds eu ea s fo"k; ds ifz r #fp Hkh txkuh gks vkjS lkFk&lkFk mUga s lh/kh&ljy Hkk"kk ea sle>kuk Hkh gks rks ;g dk;Z nkgs js mÙkjnkf;Ro dks ogu djus tlS k gks tkrk gAS pfaw d y[s kd ds ikl bl puq krS h dks Lohdkjus ds fy, uke ;k nke tlS k dkbs Z Hkh vkd"k.Z k ugha gkrs k vr% cgrq de jpuk'khy efLr"d bl {k=s dh vkjS #[k djrs gAaS

54 55

foKku ifjppkZ o"kZ 2] vad 3 tuojh&ekpZ 2012

rhljk vkSj 'kk;n cgqr gh egRoiw.kZ i{k tks bl leL;k ls lEcfU/kr gS lh/ks rkSj ij izdk'ku O;olk; ls tqM+k gSA ;g cgqr nqHkkZX;iw.kZ fLFkfr gS fd izdk'ku ls tqMs+ O;fä;ksa dk ,d cgqr cM+k izfr'kr yXkHkx vf'kf{kr vkSj iwjh rjg O;kikfjd izo`fÙk dk jgk gSA ljdkjh [kjhn ds vUrxZr yk;czsfj;ksa ds fy, iqLrdksa dh [kjhn Qjks[r djus okys Hkz"V vf/dkfj;ksa ds lkFk lk¡B&xk¡B djds Å¡ps nkeksa ij Nih uhps Lrj dh iqLrdksa dh ?kj cSBs lIykbZ dj nsus okys bu ykyph fdLe ds izdk'kdksa ls lekt fgrdkjh dksbZ ubZ igy djus dh vk'kk Hkh Hkyk dSls dh tk ldrh gSA izdk'ku ls tqMs+ ys[kd fp=dkj dk 'kks"k.k djuk ftl O;olk; dk ,d vke fjokt cu x;k gks ogk¡ vPNs Lrj ds cqf)thoh bl {ks= esa dqN u;k djus ds izfr vkdf"kZr gksa Hkh rks dSls\

ys[ku vkSj izdk'ku dh iwjh izfØ;k ls xqtj dj tks lkexzh rS;kj gksrh gS mldk vfUre iM+ko ikBd ds :i esa gksrk gS ftlds ckjs esa okrkuqdfyr d{kksa esa cSBdj dh xbZ leh{kkvksa ij vk/kkfjr vk¡dMs dqN dgrs gSa] tcfd okLrfodrk blls dgha fHkUu dqN vkSj gh gksrh gSA lu 1984 esa foKku ds vk/kkjHkwr fl)kUrksa dks n'kkZrh NksVs&NksVs iz;ksxksa ij vk/kkfjr esjh ,d iqLrd ^108 lkbal xsEl* us mu iwoZ fu/kkZfjr leLr /kkj.kkvksa dks fuewZy fl) dj fn;k ftuds vUrxZr ges'kk ;g Hkze mitk;k tkrk jgk fd gekjs ;gk¡ ,slh iqLrdksa ds izfr cPpksa dk >qdko gh ugha gS vkSj O;kikfjd rkSj ij ,sls izdk'kd }kjk dh xbZ bl lkgfld vkSj pqukSrh iw.kZ igy dk Lokxr ns'k Hkj ds cPpksa us ftl mRlkg ls fd;k mldh rks dHkh dYiuk Hkh ugha dh tk ldrh FkhA

bl iqLrd us u flQZ yksdfiz;rk dk ,d vyx Lrj n'kkZ;k cfYd] vaxzsth vfrfjDr dbZ vU; Hkkjrh; Hkk"kkvksa esa vuqokn ds lkFk gh fcØh ds u, ekun.M LFkkfir fd;sA iqLrd ds izdk'ku ij ns'k ds dksus dksus ls cky ikBdksa }kjk izsf"kr gtkjksa i=ksa us bl fodkl'khy ih<+h ds vUnj dh ml fiiklk dks mtkxj fd;k ftls 'kkUr

djus ds fy, vkt u tkus fdrus dÙkZO;fu"B ,oa iw.kZr;k lefiZr ys[kdksa o izdk'kdksa dh gekjs lekt dks csgn vko';drk gSA ijUrq gj ckj ;gh ;{k iz'u gekjs lkeus vk [kM+k gksrk gS fd bl {ks= esa vkf[kj ,slk gS D;k tks thou;kiu ds vkt tSls dfBu nkSj esa izfrHkk'kkyh vkSj izcq) ys[kdksa dks viuh vksj vkdf"kZr dj ldsA dqfV;k esa cSBdj rsy ds nh;ksa ls mRiUu izdk'k esa pk.kD; dh Hkk¡fr fuf'apr Hkko ls ys[ku dk dk;Z djrs jgus dh vis{kk vkt ds ys[kd ls ugha dh tk ldrh] ;g rks fuf'pr gSA gk¡] vxj gesa bl {ks= esa yxs ys[kdksa ls dqN csgrj ifj.kke gkfly djus dh vk'kk gS rks muds Lrj vkSj lqfo/kkvksa esa fuf'pr rkSj ij lq/kkj fd;k tkuk vko';d gS D;ksfd bfrgkl xokg gS fd leFkZ ys[kd lekt dh flQZ fn'kk gh ugh cnyrk cfYd n'kk Hkh cny nsrk gSA

cky foKku ys[ku ds {ks= esa dk;Z djrs gq, eq>s iPphl o"kZ iwjs gks pqds gSaA tgk¡ rd eq>s Lej.k gS tho&tUrqvksa ds Åij muds vius eq[k ls vius xq.k&nks"kksa dks c[kku djkrh esjh igyh iqLrd fnlEcj 1981 esa cktkj esa vk;h FkhA uUgh lh phaVh ls ysdj fo'kkydk; g~osy tSls ipkl izkf.k;ksa ds fØ;k dykiksa dk o.kZu lesVs bl iqLrd dks cPpksa us 'kq: 'kq: esa 'kk;n blds ys[kksa ds 'kh"kZdksa dh otg ls gh mBk;kA

^rSjrk Vkiw rsy dk] fdLlk eq> g~osy dk* ^Hkhrj ls uktqd ckgj dM+h] lhih gw¡ eSa eksrh tM+h*] ^js'ke nsrk eSa js'ke dk dhM+k] >sydj Lo;a ekSr dh ihM+k*] eq> esfUVl dh ckr] tqMs+ gkFk f'kdkj dh ?kkr*] {k.k esa nq'eu dj nw¡ <sj] ,slk gw¡ esa cCcj 'ksjA vkSj ^Fky ij clrk] ty Hkkrk] eSa isUxqbu i{kh dgykrk* tSls 'kh"kZdksa esa ikBdksa dks dqN ,slk u;kiu o rkt+xh yxh ftlds ckjs esa bUgs fy[krs le; rks eSaus lkspk Hkh ugha FkkA ml le; rd cky ys[ku ds dk;Z dks eSaus cgqr lk/kkj.k Lrj dk vk¡drs gq, bls okLro esa cPpksa ds [ksy tSlk gh dqN le>k FkkA ijUrq bl iqLrd ds izdk'ku ds lkFk gh O;fDrxr vkSj

i=ksa ds ek/;e ls cPpksa }kjk fd;s x;s lEidksZa ds vk/kkj ij eq>s tYnh gh viuh xyrQgeh dk vUnktk gks x;k vkSj eSa le> x;k fd ;g dke mruk vklku ugha gS ftruk eSa vHkh rd le>s gq, FkkA bl fo'ks"k {ks= esa ys[ku ds fy, lgt ljy Hkk"kk ds lkFk rF;ksa dh izkekf.kdrk dk iwjk /;ku rks j[kuk gh gksrk gS( lkFk gh fo"k; dh jkspdrk dk lgh vFkksZa esa ,glkl djkus ds fy, ml vk;q oxZ esa vkidh okilh vkids fy, lQyrk dh xkjaVh cu tkrh gS ftl oxZ ds fy, iBu lkexzh rS;kj dh tk jgh gksrh gSA blh vk/kkj ij fy[kh xbZ esjh vxyh iqLrdksa dks cky ikBdksa dk tks I;kj o Lusg feyk oks fdlh Hkh ys[kd ds fy, flQZ lUrqf"V gh ugha cfYd xkSjo dh ckr gSA fo'ks"k dj bldk egRo rc vkSj c<+ tkrk gS tc ;g iz;kl fgUnh ds {ks= esa fd;k tk jgk gks vkSj lh/ks rkSj ij foKku tSls fo"k; ds yksdfiz;dj.k ls tqM+k gksA ijUrq eSa ;gk¡ ;g Hkh Li"V djuk pkgwaxk fd cky foKku ys[ku ds {ks= esa feyh bl lQyrk dks u rks dHkh eSaus viuh ys[kuh dk dfj'ek ekuk vkSj u gh bldk Js; lEcfU/kr izdk'kd ds ns'kHkj esa QSys lcy foØ; ra= dks fn;k ftlus nwjnjkt bykdksa ds ikBdksa rd oh-ih-ih- }kjk viuh igqap vkSj idM+ cukus dk ,d xSj&ikjEifjd l'kä o Lora= ek/;e [kkstk vkSj bl rjg ljdkjh [kjhn ds Hkaojtky ls ges'kk nwjh cuk;s j[kdj bu iqLrdksa dks yk;czsjh ds 'ksYQksa ij lM+rs jgus ls cpk;kA dk'k fd bl mnkgj.k ls izsj.kk ysdj fgUnh ds nwljs izdk'kd Hkh bldk vuqlj.k djrs rks fuf'pr rkSj ij os vius ykHk ds lkFk] lekt dk Hkh cgqr cM+k fgr dj ldrs FksA

oSls izkjEHk ls vc rd esjh rks ;gh /kkj.kk jgh gS fd bu iqLrdksa dh vdYiuh; lQyrk ds ihNs tks eq[; dkj.k jgk og Fkk ns'k ds lqnwj vapy esa clh bl fodflr gksrh ih<+h ds vanj ubZ&ubZ tkudkfj;k¡ ikus dh yyd tks vU;Fkk mi;qä lk/kuksa ds vHkko esa le; ds lkFk /khjs&/khjs ne rksM+ nsrh gSaA losZ{k.kksa ds vk/kkj ij ;g rF; t:j lkeus vk;s fd fo"k; vkSj

blds izLrqfrdj.k us cPpksa dks bu iqLrdksa dh vksj vkdf"kZr dj bUgsa viukus ds fy, izsfjr fd;k vkSj izdk'kd }kjk iz;ksx esa yk;h xbZ oh-ih-ih- iz.kkyh us ikBdksa ds njoktksa rd bu iqLrdksa dks igqapkdj bUgsa loZlqyHk cukus dk ,d u;k fodYi [kksykA oSls Hkh bu iqLrdksa dks D;ksafd flQZ iqLrdky;ksa esa [kikus ds fopkj ls rS;kj ugha fd;k x;k Fkk cfYd gj n`f"Vdks.k ls bUgsa ckyikBdksa dh #fp vkSj muds #>ku ds vuq:i <kyk x;k Fkk rkfd vizR;{k :i esa phuh p<+h nokbZ dh rjg Kku dks muds vanj igq¡pk;k tk lds] 'kk;n blhfy, ckyikBdksa us bUgsa csgn ilUn fd;kA

,d fo'ys"k.k ds vk/kkj ij ;g pkSadkus okyk lR; Hkh mHkjdj lkeus vk;k fd vk/kqfudrk ds jax es jaxrs egkuxjksa vkSj nwljs cM+s 'kgjksa esa cls lEi™k ifjokjksa dh cfuLir NksVs 'kgjksa vkSj ;gk¡ rd fd dLcksa o xk¡oksa ds lk/kkj.k ifjokjksa ds cPpksa esa i<+us dh yyd dgha T;knk gSA vius ifjokj vkSj vklikl ds lekt esa iyusokys vHkkoksa dks lekIr djus dk ladYi ys vkbZ-,-,l- tSls vkleku Nwrs y{;ksa rd igq¡pus ds fy, iz;kljr ;qokoLFkk dh ngyht dh rjQ rsth ls c<rs ;s dne mfpr lqfo/kkvksa ds vHkko esa viuh eafty rd igqapus ds cgqr igys gh VwVdj ;fn fc[kj tkrs gksa rks blesa nks"k mudk ugha lekt dk gS] ljdkj dk gSA

vkt ds ;qx esa Hkyk dkSu ,slk gksxk tks ;g u tkurk gks fd lCth vkSj Qyksa dh rjg iqLrdsa Hkh lH; ekuo lekt ds fy, t:jh ikSf"Vd Hkkstu tSlh gSaA ,d ls 'kjhj dks iks"k.k feyrk gS rks nwljs ls efLr"d dksA ijUrq 'kgj ds gj eksM+ ij 'kjkc ds Bsds [kqyokus dh fQjkd esa jgus okyksa dks vius LokFkZ ls mij mBdj vxj viuh fodflr gksrh bl ih<h dh FkksM+h&lh fQØ gksrh rks vkt NksVs&NksVs iqLrdky; txg&txg ut+j vk jgs gksrs vkSj lekt esa iqLrdksa vkSj blds ys[kdksa ds izfr fnu ij fnu c<rh mis{kk dk ;g gky u gksrkA

vk'p;Z dh ckr rks ;g gS fd viuh iqLrdksa ls lEcfU/kr eq>s tks i= feyrs jgs gSa mueas f'kf{kr ,oa lEiUu ifjokjksa ds cPpksa dh la[;k yxHkx ux.; gh gS vkSj ges'kk gh T;knkrj mu cky ikBdksa us i=ksa ds ek/;e ls eq> rd igqap cukus dk iz;kl fd;k gS tks u flQZ vkfFkZd :i ls csgn detksj gSa cfYd uxjh; lH;rk dh ped ned ls vHkh rd vNwrs] nwj njkt vkSj fiNM+s dgs tkus okys bykdksa esa cls gq, gSaA iqLrdksa dh izkfIr gsrq vkt Hkh oh-ih-ih- muds fy, ,d ek= lk/ku cuk gqvk gS ;k fQj fodYi ds rkSj ij vius {ks= ds fudVre cl vM~Ms ij fLFkr ogk¡ dk bdykSrk ^cqd LVkWy* dHkh&dHkh mudh Qjekb'k iwjh djus esa ennxkj cu tkrk gSA dSlh foM+Ecuk gS fd iqLrd izse dh lqxcqgkgV ogk¡ gS tgk¡ ,d ikBd dks chl&iPphl :i;s dh iqLrd ds fy, Hkh nks rhu lk>snkj ryk'kus iM+rs gSa vkSj rc dgha tkdj lIrkg esa caVs dsoy vius fgLls ds fnuksa esa mls bfPNr iqLrd ds jlkLoknu dk vkuan fey tkrk gSA

vius bu cky ikBdkas ds i=ksa esa vfHkO;Dr izfrfØ;k;sa vkSj izdk'kdksa ds lg;ksx ls le;&le; ij fd;s x;s losZ{k.k i<us ds izfr #fp n'kkZrh cky ekufldrk dk ,d ,slk nLrkost cu ldrs gSa tks vkus okys le; esa vkt ds f'k{kk {ks= ds uhfr fu/kkZjdksa dks dV?kjs esa [kM+k djus ds fy, dkQh gksaxsA lts&/kts MªkWbax:eksa esa cSBdj dkWQh ;k mlls Hkh vf/kd dM+os rjy is; ls xys rj djrk vkt dk tks lEHkzkar oxZ cPpksa dh i<us ds izfr mnklhurk dk jkx vykirk jgrk gS mls igys vius fxjgcku esa >k¡ddj Hkh ns[k ysuk pkfg, fd mlus okLro esa bl ih<+h ds fy, D;k iBu lkexzh ijksl j[kh gSA vkt cktkj esa cPpksa dks muds Lrj ij mrjdj jkspdrk ds lkFk vk/kqfud tkudkjh nsusokyk ,slk fdruk lkfgR; gS tks ewY; vkSj miyC/krk ds vk/kkj ij mudh igq¡p ds nk;js esa gSA lkFk gh gesa ;g fo'ys"k.k Hkh djuk gksxk fd bu ftKklq ckyikBdksa dks muds vfHkHkkod o v/;kid bl rjg ds lkfgR; dks i<us

ds fy, fdruk izsfjr djrs gSa\

orZeku nkSj esa ;g ckr le> ysuk cgqr t:jh gS fd foKku flQZ ,d fo"k; Hkj ugha gS] ;g gekjs thou dk ,d cgqr egRoiw.kZ Hkkx gSA ij bls fo"k; ds :i esa lesVdj ftl rjg d{kkvksa vkSj ikB~; iqLrdksa ds nk;js esa dSn dj fn;k x;k gS] mlls bldk de] gekjk vfgr T;knk gqvk gSA fo|ky;ksa esa i<k;s tkus okys foKku o xf.kr ;s nks ,sls fo"k; gSa ftuls ns'kHkj ds cPpksa dk ,d cgqr cM+k izfr'kr csgn ?kcjkrk gSA mudh ;gh ?kcjkgV vkxs py dj bruh cyorh gks tkrh gS fd os fdlh Hkh :i esa bls Lohdkjus dh ckr rd ugha lksp ikrsA nqHkkZX;o'k vius vanj tUeh blh lksp ds dkj.k os vius nks ,sls etsnkj o mi;ksxh nksLr [kks cSBrs gSa ftuls fcNqMdj thou esa os lQyrk ds 'kk;n ml ik;nku rd 'kk;n ugha igqap ikrs ftlds os okLro esa gdnkj FksA

ubZ ih<+h esa bu fo"k;ksa ds izfr cSBs Mj ds fy, gekjh orZeku f'k{kk iz.kkyh iwjh rjg ftEesnkj gSA Hkkjh Hkjde ikB~;Øe esa lek;s :[ks lw[ks ikBksa dks fdlh rjg jV jVkdj dsoy vPNs vad gkfly dj ysus dk ncko cukrh ;g iz.kkyh ;fn bu cky Nk=ksa dks Lo;a dqN djds ns[kus o izksRlkfgr djrs gq, buesa ftKklk vkSj mRlqdrk iSnk dj ikrh rks fuf'pr rkSj ij gekjs ;gk¡ vkt flQZ bathfu;j vkSj MkWDVj gh ugha] vPNs vUos"kd vkSj vkfo"dkjd Hkh tUes gksrsA dk'k fd Lora= Hkkjr dh f'k{kk uhfr dk fu/kkZj.k djrs le; cPpksa dh f'k{kk vkSj muds fy, oSKkfud lksp ckys csgrj lkfgR; dh t:jr dks Hkh iwjh rjg le>k tk ikrk rks lu 1930 esa lh ch jkeu dks ukscsy iqjLdkj ds :i esa feys vUrjkZ"Vªh; lEeku ds ckn gekjs ns'k ds fy, bruk cM+k le; dk 'kwU; u mifLFkr gksrkA

fdlh izkphu fons'kh fopkjd ds ;s 'kCn fdrus lVhd gSa fd tks ns'k vius Lrjh; cky&lkfgR; ds l`tu ds izfr lpsr ugha og vius Hkfo"; ds lkFk f[kyokM+ djus dk tksf[ke mBkrk gS vkSj gekjh ohjHkwfe Hkkjr us ekuksa bu

54 55

foKku ifjppkZ o"kZ 2] vad 3 tuojh&ekpZ 2012

rhljk vkSj 'kk;n cgqr gh egRoiw.kZ i{k tks bl leL;k ls lEcfU/kr gS lh/ks rkSj ij izdk'ku O;olk; ls tqM+k gSA ;g cgqr nqHkkZX;iw.kZ fLFkfr gS fd izdk'ku ls tqMs+ O;fä;ksa dk ,d cgqr cM+k izfr'kr yXkHkx vf'kf{kr vkSj iwjh rjg O;kikfjd izo`fÙk dk jgk gSA ljdkjh [kjhn ds vUrxZr yk;czsfj;ksa ds fy, iqLrdksa dh [kjhn Qjks[r djus okys Hkz"V vf/dkfj;ksa ds lkFk lk¡B&xk¡B djds Å¡ps nkeksa ij Nih uhps Lrj dh iqLrdksa dh ?kj cSBs lIykbZ dj nsus okys bu ykyph fdLe ds izdk'kdksa ls lekt fgrdkjh dksbZ ubZ igy djus dh vk'kk Hkh Hkyk dSls dh tk ldrh gSA izdk'ku ls tqMs+ ys[kd fp=dkj dk 'kks"k.k djuk ftl O;olk; dk ,d vke fjokt cu x;k gks ogk¡ vPNs Lrj ds cqf)thoh bl {ks= esa dqN u;k djus ds izfr vkdf"kZr gksa Hkh rks dSls\

ys[ku vkSj izdk'ku dh iwjh izfØ;k ls xqtj dj tks lkexzh rS;kj gksrh gS mldk vfUre iM+ko ikBd ds :i esa gksrk gS ftlds ckjs esa okrkuqdfyr d{kksa esa cSBdj dh xbZ leh{kkvksa ij vk/kkfjr vk¡dMs dqN dgrs gSa] tcfd okLrfodrk blls dgha fHkUu dqN vkSj gh gksrh gSA lu 1984 esa foKku ds vk/kkjHkwr fl)kUrksa dks n'kkZrh NksVs&NksVs iz;ksxksa ij vk/kkfjr esjh ,d iqLrd ^108 lkbal xsEl* us mu iwoZ fu/kkZfjr leLr /kkj.kkvksa dks fuewZy fl) dj fn;k ftuds vUrxZr ges'kk ;g Hkze mitk;k tkrk jgk fd gekjs ;gk¡ ,slh iqLrdksa ds izfr cPpksa dk >qdko gh ugha gS vkSj O;kikfjd rkSj ij ,sls izdk'kd }kjk dh xbZ bl lkgfld vkSj pqukSrh iw.kZ igy dk Lokxr ns'k Hkj ds cPpksa us ftl mRlkg ls fd;k mldh rks dHkh dYiuk Hkh ugha dh tk ldrh FkhA

bl iqLrd us u flQZ yksdfiz;rk dk ,d vyx Lrj n'kkZ;k cfYd] vaxzsth vfrfjDr dbZ vU; Hkkjrh; Hkk"kkvksa esa vuqokn ds lkFk gh fcØh ds u, ekun.M LFkkfir fd;sA iqLrd ds izdk'ku ij ns'k ds dksus dksus ls cky ikBdksa }kjk izsf"kr gtkjksa i=ksa us bl fodkl'khy ih<+h ds vUnj dh ml fiiklk dks mtkxj fd;k ftls 'kkUr

djus ds fy, vkt u tkus fdrus dÙkZO;fu"B ,oa iw.kZr;k lefiZr ys[kdksa o izdk'kdksa dh gekjs lekt dks csgn vko';drk gSA ijUrq gj ckj ;gh ;{k iz'u gekjs lkeus vk [kM+k gksrk gS fd bl {ks= esa vkf[kj ,slk gS D;k tks thou;kiu ds vkt tSls dfBu nkSj esa izfrHkk'kkyh vkSj izcq) ys[kdksa dks viuh vksj vkdf"kZr dj ldsA dqfV;k esa cSBdj rsy ds nh;ksa ls mRiUu izdk'k esa pk.kD; dh Hkk¡fr fuf'apr Hkko ls ys[ku dk dk;Z djrs jgus dh vis{kk vkt ds ys[kd ls ugha dh tk ldrh] ;g rks fuf'pr gSA gk¡] vxj gesa bl {ks= esa yxs ys[kdksa ls dqN csgrj ifj.kke gkfly djus dh vk'kk gS rks muds Lrj vkSj lqfo/kkvksa esa fuf'pr rkSj ij lq/kkj fd;k tkuk vko';d gS D;ksfd bfrgkl xokg gS fd leFkZ ys[kd lekt dh flQZ fn'kk gh ugh cnyrk cfYd n'kk Hkh cny nsrk gSA

cky foKku ys[ku ds {ks= esa dk;Z djrs gq, eq>s iPphl o"kZ iwjs gks pqds gSaA tgk¡ rd eq>s Lej.k gS tho&tUrqvksa ds Åij muds vius eq[k ls vius xq.k&nks"kksa dks c[kku djkrh esjh igyh iqLrd fnlEcj 1981 esa cktkj esa vk;h FkhA uUgh lh phaVh ls ysdj fo'kkydk; g~osy tSls ipkl izkf.k;ksa ds fØ;k dykiksa dk o.kZu lesVs bl iqLrd dks cPpksa us 'kq: 'kq: esa 'kk;n blds ys[kksa ds 'kh"kZdksa dh otg ls gh mBk;kA

^rSjrk Vkiw rsy dk] fdLlk eq> g~osy dk* ^Hkhrj ls uktqd ckgj dM+h] lhih gw¡ eSa eksrh tM+h*] ^js'ke nsrk eSa js'ke dk dhM+k] >sydj Lo;a ekSr dh ihM+k*] eq> esfUVl dh ckr] tqMs+ gkFk f'kdkj dh ?kkr*] {k.k esa nq'eu dj nw¡ <sj] ,slk gw¡ esa cCcj 'ksjA vkSj ^Fky ij clrk] ty Hkkrk] eSa isUxqbu i{kh dgykrk* tSls 'kh"kZdksa esa ikBdksa dks dqN ,slk u;kiu o rkt+xh yxh ftlds ckjs esa bUgs fy[krs le; rks eSaus lkspk Hkh ugha FkkA ml le; rd cky ys[ku ds dk;Z dks eSaus cgqr lk/kkj.k Lrj dk vk¡drs gq, bls okLro esa cPpksa ds [ksy tSlk gh dqN le>k FkkA ijUrq bl iqLrd ds izdk'ku ds lkFk gh O;fDrxr vkSj

i=ksa ds ek/;e ls cPpksa }kjk fd;s x;s lEidksZa ds vk/kkj ij eq>s tYnh gh viuh xyrQgeh dk vUnktk gks x;k vkSj eSa le> x;k fd ;g dke mruk vklku ugha gS ftruk eSa vHkh rd le>s gq, FkkA bl fo'ks"k {ks= esa ys[ku ds fy, lgt ljy Hkk"kk ds lkFk rF;ksa dh izkekf.kdrk dk iwjk /;ku rks j[kuk gh gksrk gS( lkFk gh fo"k; dh jkspdrk dk lgh vFkksZa esa ,glkl djkus ds fy, ml vk;q oxZ esa vkidh okilh vkids fy, lQyrk dh xkjaVh cu tkrh gS ftl oxZ ds fy, iBu lkexzh rS;kj dh tk jgh gksrh gSA blh vk/kkj ij fy[kh xbZ esjh vxyh iqLrdksa dks cky ikBdksa dk tks I;kj o Lusg feyk oks fdlh Hkh ys[kd ds fy, flQZ lUrqf"V gh ugha cfYd xkSjo dh ckr gSA fo'ks"k dj bldk egRo rc vkSj c<+ tkrk gS tc ;g iz;kl fgUnh ds {ks= esa fd;k tk jgk gks vkSj lh/ks rkSj ij foKku tSls fo"k; ds yksdfiz;dj.k ls tqM+k gksA ijUrq eSa ;gk¡ ;g Hkh Li"V djuk pkgwaxk fd cky foKku ys[ku ds {ks= esa feyh bl lQyrk dks u rks dHkh eSaus viuh ys[kuh dk dfj'ek ekuk vkSj u gh bldk Js; lEcfU/kr izdk'kd ds ns'kHkj esa QSys lcy foØ; ra= dks fn;k ftlus nwjnjkt bykdksa ds ikBdksa rd oh-ih-ih- }kjk viuh igqap vkSj idM+ cukus dk ,d xSj&ikjEifjd l'kä o Lora= ek/;e [kkstk vkSj bl rjg ljdkjh [kjhn ds Hkaojtky ls ges'kk nwjh cuk;s j[kdj bu iqLrdksa dks yk;czsjh ds 'ksYQksa ij lM+rs jgus ls cpk;kA dk'k fd bl mnkgj.k ls izsj.kk ysdj fgUnh ds nwljs izdk'kd Hkh bldk vuqlj.k djrs rks fuf'pr rkSj ij os vius ykHk ds lkFk] lekt dk Hkh cgqr cM+k fgr dj ldrs FksA

oSls izkjEHk ls vc rd esjh rks ;gh /kkj.kk jgh gS fd bu iqLrdksa dh vdYiuh; lQyrk ds ihNs tks eq[; dkj.k jgk og Fkk ns'k ds lqnwj vapy esa clh bl fodflr gksrh ih<+h ds vanj ubZ&ubZ tkudkfj;k¡ ikus dh yyd tks vU;Fkk mi;qä lk/kuksa ds vHkko esa le; ds lkFk /khjs&/khjs ne rksM+ nsrh gSaA losZ{k.kksa ds vk/kkj ij ;g rF; t:j lkeus vk;s fd fo"k; vkSj

blds izLrqfrdj.k us cPpksa dks bu iqLrdksa dh vksj vkdf"kZr dj bUgsa viukus ds fy, izsfjr fd;k vkSj izdk'kd }kjk iz;ksx esa yk;h xbZ oh-ih-ih- iz.kkyh us ikBdksa ds njoktksa rd bu iqLrdksa dks igqapkdj bUgsa loZlqyHk cukus dk ,d u;k fodYi [kksykA oSls Hkh bu iqLrdksa dks D;ksafd flQZ iqLrdky;ksa esa [kikus ds fopkj ls rS;kj ugha fd;k x;k Fkk cfYd gj n`f"Vdks.k ls bUgsa ckyikBdksa dh #fp vkSj muds #>ku ds vuq:i <kyk x;k Fkk rkfd vizR;{k :i esa phuh p<+h nokbZ dh rjg Kku dks muds vanj igq¡pk;k tk lds] 'kk;n blhfy, ckyikBdksa us bUgsa csgn ilUn fd;kA

,d fo'ys"k.k ds vk/kkj ij ;g pkSadkus okyk lR; Hkh mHkjdj lkeus vk;k fd vk/kqfudrk ds jax es jaxrs egkuxjksa vkSj nwljs cM+s 'kgjksa esa cls lEi™k ifjokjksa dh cfuLir NksVs 'kgjksa vkSj ;gk¡ rd fd dLcksa o xk¡oksa ds lk/kkj.k ifjokjksa ds cPpksa esa i<+us dh yyd dgha T;knk gSA vius ifjokj vkSj vklikl ds lekt esa iyusokys vHkkoksa dks lekIr djus dk ladYi ys vkbZ-,-,l- tSls vkleku Nwrs y{;ksa rd igq¡pus ds fy, iz;kljr ;qokoLFkk dh ngyht dh rjQ rsth ls c<rs ;s dne mfpr lqfo/kkvksa ds vHkko esa viuh eafty rd igqapus ds cgqr igys gh VwVdj ;fn fc[kj tkrs gksa rks blesa nks"k mudk ugha lekt dk gS] ljdkj dk gSA

vkt ds ;qx esa Hkyk dkSu ,slk gksxk tks ;g u tkurk gks fd lCth vkSj Qyksa dh rjg iqLrdsa Hkh lH; ekuo lekt ds fy, t:jh ikSf"Vd Hkkstu tSlh gSaA ,d ls 'kjhj dks iks"k.k feyrk gS rks nwljs ls efLr"d dksA ijUrq 'kgj ds gj eksM+ ij 'kjkc ds Bsds [kqyokus dh fQjkd esa jgus okyksa dks vius LokFkZ ls mij mBdj vxj viuh fodflr gksrh bl ih<h dh FkksM+h&lh fQØ gksrh rks vkt NksVs&NksVs iqLrdky; txg&txg ut+j vk jgs gksrs vkSj lekt esa iqLrdksa vkSj blds ys[kdksa ds izfr fnu ij fnu c<rh mis{kk dk ;g gky u gksrkA

vk'p;Z dh ckr rks ;g gS fd viuh iqLrdksa ls lEcfU/kr eq>s tks i= feyrs jgs gSa mueas f'kf{kr ,oa lEiUu ifjokjksa ds cPpksa dh la[;k yxHkx ux.; gh gS vkSj ges'kk gh T;knkrj mu cky ikBdksa us i=ksa ds ek/;e ls eq> rd igqap cukus dk iz;kl fd;k gS tks u flQZ vkfFkZd :i ls csgn detksj gSa cfYd uxjh; lH;rk dh ped ned ls vHkh rd vNwrs] nwj njkt vkSj fiNM+s dgs tkus okys bykdksa esa cls gq, gSaA iqLrdksa dh izkfIr gsrq vkt Hkh oh-ih-ih- muds fy, ,d ek= lk/ku cuk gqvk gS ;k fQj fodYi ds rkSj ij vius {ks= ds fudVre cl vM~Ms ij fLFkr ogk¡ dk bdykSrk ^cqd LVkWy* dHkh&dHkh mudh Qjekb'k iwjh djus esa ennxkj cu tkrk gSA dSlh foM+Ecuk gS fd iqLrd izse dh lqxcqgkgV ogk¡ gS tgk¡ ,d ikBd dks chl&iPphl :i;s dh iqLrd ds fy, Hkh nks rhu lk>snkj ryk'kus iM+rs gSa vkSj rc dgha tkdj lIrkg esa caVs dsoy vius fgLls ds fnuksa esa mls bfPNr iqLrd ds jlkLoknu dk vkuan fey tkrk gSA

vius bu cky ikBdkas ds i=ksa esa vfHkO;Dr izfrfØ;k;sa vkSj izdk'kdksa ds lg;ksx ls le;&le; ij fd;s x;s losZ{k.k i<us ds izfr #fp n'kkZrh cky ekufldrk dk ,d ,slk nLrkost cu ldrs gSa tks vkus okys le; esa vkt ds f'k{kk {ks= ds uhfr fu/kkZjdksa dks dV?kjs esa [kM+k djus ds fy, dkQh gksaxsA lts&/kts MªkWbax:eksa esa cSBdj dkWQh ;k mlls Hkh vf/kd dM+os rjy is; ls xys rj djrk vkt dk tks lEHkzkar oxZ cPpksa dh i<us ds izfr mnklhurk dk jkx vykirk jgrk gS mls igys vius fxjgcku esa >k¡ddj Hkh ns[k ysuk pkfg, fd mlus okLro esa bl ih<+h ds fy, D;k iBu lkexzh ijksl j[kh gSA vkt cktkj esa cPpksa dks muds Lrj ij mrjdj jkspdrk ds lkFk vk/kqfud tkudkjh nsusokyk ,slk fdruk lkfgR; gS tks ewY; vkSj miyC/krk ds vk/kkj ij mudh igq¡p ds nk;js esa gSA lkFk gh gesa ;g fo'ys"k.k Hkh djuk gksxk fd bu ftKklq ckyikBdksa dks muds vfHkHkkod o v/;kid bl rjg ds lkfgR; dks i<us

ds fy, fdruk izsfjr djrs gSa\

orZeku nkSj esa ;g ckr le> ysuk cgqr t:jh gS fd foKku flQZ ,d fo"k; Hkj ugha gS] ;g gekjs thou dk ,d cgqr egRoiw.kZ Hkkx gSA ij bls fo"k; ds :i esa lesVdj ftl rjg d{kkvksa vkSj ikB~; iqLrdksa ds nk;js esa dSn dj fn;k x;k gS] mlls bldk de] gekjk vfgr T;knk gqvk gSA fo|ky;ksa esa i<k;s tkus okys foKku o xf.kr ;s nks ,sls fo"k; gSa ftuls ns'kHkj ds cPpksa dk ,d cgqr cM+k izfr'kr csgn ?kcjkrk gSA mudh ;gh ?kcjkgV vkxs py dj bruh cyorh gks tkrh gS fd os fdlh Hkh :i esa bls Lohdkjus dh ckr rd ugha lksp ikrsA nqHkkZX;o'k vius vanj tUeh blh lksp ds dkj.k os vius nks ,sls etsnkj o mi;ksxh nksLr [kks cSBrs gSa ftuls fcNqMdj thou esa os lQyrk ds 'kk;n ml ik;nku rd 'kk;n ugha igqap ikrs ftlds os okLro esa gdnkj FksA

ubZ ih<+h esa bu fo"k;ksa ds izfr cSBs Mj ds fy, gekjh orZeku f'k{kk iz.kkyh iwjh rjg ftEesnkj gSA Hkkjh Hkjde ikB~;Øe esa lek;s :[ks lw[ks ikBksa dks fdlh rjg jV jVkdj dsoy vPNs vad gkfly dj ysus dk ncko cukrh ;g iz.kkyh ;fn bu cky Nk=ksa dks Lo;a dqN djds ns[kus o izksRlkfgr djrs gq, buesa ftKklk vkSj mRlqdrk iSnk dj ikrh rks fuf'pr rkSj ij gekjs ;gk¡ vkt flQZ bathfu;j vkSj MkWDVj gh ugha] vPNs vUos"kd vkSj vkfo"dkjd Hkh tUes gksrsA dk'k fd Lora= Hkkjr dh f'k{kk uhfr dk fu/kkZj.k djrs le; cPpksa dh f'k{kk vkSj muds fy, oSKkfud lksp ckys csgrj lkfgR; dh t:jr dks Hkh iwjh rjg le>k tk ikrk rks lu 1930 esa lh ch jkeu dks ukscsy iqjLdkj ds :i esa feys vUrjkZ"Vªh; lEeku ds ckn gekjs ns'k ds fy, bruk cM+k le; dk 'kwU; u mifLFkr gksrkA

fdlh izkphu fons'kh fopkjd ds ;s 'kCn fdrus lVhd gSa fd tks ns'k vius Lrjh; cky&lkfgR; ds l`tu ds izfr lpsr ugha og vius Hkfo"; ds lkFk f[kyokM+ djus dk tksf[ke mBkrk gS vkSj gekjh ohjHkwfe Hkkjr us ekuksa bu

56 57

foKku ifjppkZ o"kZ 2] vad 3 tuojh&ekpZ 2012

'kCnksa dks pqukSrh ds :i esa Lohdkj dj ;gh tksf[ke mBk;kA Lora=rk ds ckn prqfnZd fodkl dh ;kstukvksa dk fuekZ.k djrs le; Hkh oSKkfud lksp okys cky lkfgR; tSls egRoiw.kZ {ks= dh mis{kk djuk mi;qZDr pqukSrh dks Lohdkjuk ugha rks vkSj D;k ekuk tk,xk\

vr% la{ksi esa dgk tk, rks vkt t:jr bl ckr dh gS fd gekjs lekt ds fofHkUu oxZ bl tfVy leL;k dk Lo;a feytqy dj gy fudkysaA blds fy, ns'k Hkj esa txg&txg oSKkfudksa] f'k{kkfonksa m|ksxifr;ksa] O;kikfj;ksa ¼ftuesa izdk'kd izeq[k gSa½ foKku ys[kdks] lekt lsfo;ksa vkSj fp=dkjksa dks lkFk lkFk cSBdj o fopkj foe'kZ dj dqN ,sls jkLrs ryk'kus gksaxs tks bu lcds vkilh lg;ksx ls de ls de cnyko dh dqN laHkkouk rks yk ldsaA foKku lEcU/kh fofHkUu Lrjksa dh i=&if=dkvksa ds izdk'ku rFkk ekStwnk i=&if=dkvksa esa foKku ds fy, dqN LFkku izk;ksftr djk;s tkus dh O;oLFkk ds ckjs eas fopkj foe'kZ ds vykok Vh- oh- o jsfM;ks ij gksus okys izk;ksftr dk;ZØeksa ds <jsZ ij gh foKku lEcU/kh jkspd izlkj.k dh fn'kk esa ;fn bu cSBdksa esa dqN fu.kZ; fy, tk ldsa rks fu'p; gh ;g lekt dh vksj ls ,d Bksl igy gksxhA

blds lkFk gh ehfM;k dks flQZ usrkvksa vfHkusrkvksa ds ihNs Hkkxrs jgus vkSj MdSrh] vigj.k o cykRdkj dh luluh[kst ?kVukvksa dh izeq[krk ls izpkj&izlkj dh viuh izo`fÙk ds lkFk viuk uSfrd nkf;Ro le>rs gq, foKku dks vke turk rd igq¡pkus okys gj ,d dne dks izeq[krk vkSj izkFkfedrk nsuh gksxh rHkh bl fn'kk esa fudV Hkfo"; esa dqN csgrj ifj.kkeksa dh vk'kk dh tk ldrh gS ojuk bl vUns'ks dh xqatkb'k T;knk gS fd dgha t; toku t; fdlku ds lkFk yxk;k t; foKku Hkh egt ukjs dk ,d Hkkx cudj gh u jg tk,A

ofj"B foKku ys[kd]cjsyh

foKku ys[ku ds izdk'k LrEHk foKku ys[ku ds izdk'k LrEHk Mk0 jes'k nRr 'kekZMk0 jes'k nRr 'kekZ

vpZuk cgqxq.kkvpZuk cgqxq.kk

mRrj izns'k us fgUnh txr dks dbZ izfl) dfo ys[kd bl ns'k dks fn, gSa ftudh dfork,¡ o dgkfu;k¡ vkt Hkh gesa jksekafpr djrh gSA blh mRrj izns'k ds ,Vk ftys ls bl ns'k esa ,sls ,d foKku ys[kd Hkh gq, ftudh dye us foKku esa fgUnh dk ncnck cuk;k o bl ns'k esa vaxzsth esa i<+s tkus okys foKku dks] tks dqN yksxksa rd lhfer gks tkrk gS gj oxZ esa jkspd cukdj igq¡pk;kA ,sls Fks M+Wk0 jes'k nRr 'kekZ ftudk fu/ku 6 Qjojh 2012 dks gks x;kA

15 Qjojh 1939 esa ,Vk ds tyslj dLcs esa iSnk gq, M+Wk0 jes'k nRr 'kekZ dk foKku ls yxko cpiu ls gh jgkA tyslj dLcs esas dqN i<+s fy[ks yksxksa us ,d vPNk iqLrdky; cuk j[kk Fkk tgk¡ jes'k th cpiu ls gh tk;k djrsA ogha mUgksaus foKku dh dbZ iqLrdsa i<+ MkyhA vkxjk dkWyst ls ouLifr foKku esas LukrdksRrj ijh{kk mRrhZ.k dhA ijUrq ijh{kk esa vPNs Øksekslkse ;kfu xq.klw= dh LykbM+ cukus ds Qsj esa] mUgksaus vPNh cuh LykbM+ dwM+snku esa M++ky nh vkSj vadksa esa fiNM+ x,A D;ksafd eSa mudh csVh gw¡ rks mUgksaus ;g ckr cgqr vQlksl ds lkFk] tc eSa foKku dh Nk=k Fkh crkbZA rHkh ls eSaus ;g lh[k yh fd izsfDVdy ijh{kk esa vkidk tks csgrj gS mls gh ijksl nsuk pkfg,A vkSj csgrj cukuk gSa rks igys okys dke dks lgst dj j[kus ds cknA ;g eSa vkt oSKkfud gksus ds ckn Hkh vius iz;ksx esa ykxw djrh gw¡A

Tkyslj dLck NksM+ jes'k th fnYyh vk x, D;ksafd fnYyh esa Hkkjrh; dkWmfUly d`f"k vuqla/kku vkbZ0 lh0 ,0 vkj0 ds vUrxZr vkus okys nQrj d`f"k Hkou esa mudh ukSdjh yx x;hA

d`f"k dks ml le; fgUnh ds ek/;e ls fy[ks tkus dh vko';Drk eglwl dh x;hA jes'k th dks bl nrj ls Nius okyh if=dkvksa ds laiknu dk Hkkj fn;k x;kA cpiu ls gh mUgsa dfork,¡ i<+us vkSj Lo;a fy[kus dk Hkh 'kkSd Fkk D;ksafd og ml ekgkSy esa iys c<s+ FksA fnYyh tSls 'kgj esa jk.kk izrki ckx esa jgrs gq,] d`f"k i=dkfjrk djrs gq, og dfo lEesyuksa ds vk;kstuksa esa tqV x,A mlh nkSjku ,d dfo lEesyu ds vk;kstu ds fy, mUgksaus izfl} dfo gfjoa'kjk; cPpu th dks vkaef=r fd;kA muls ckrphr ds nkSjku cPpu th us mUgsa lq>ko fn;k fd vki foKku dks fgUnh esa tutu rd igq¡pkb,A jes'k th dks fgUnh o foKku ds bl esy dk lq>ko Hkk x;k vkSj mUgksaus foKku dks tutu igqWpkus dk ftEek mBk fy;kA lIrkfgd fgUnqLrku] /keZ;qx] uouhr tSlh if=dk,¡ tks dgk¡fu;ksa o jktuhfr ls tqM+s ys[kksa ls Hkjh iM+h Fkha] mUgksaus foKku dks fgUnh esa mfpr LFkku nsuk vkjEHk dj fn;kA 1965 ls 1975 ds nl lky ds vUrjky esa jes'k th us fgUnh esa cgqr mPp Lrj ds ys[k bu if=dkvksa esa fy[ks vkSj ?kj & ?kj esa foKku yksdfiz; gks x;kA bl chp mudh izsj.kk ls dbZ vkSj foKku ys[kd fgUnh ls tqM+ x;sA

d`f"k ds eqf'dy oSKkfud rjhdksa dks ljyhdj.k ls fdlkuksa rd igq¡pkus ds fy, nwjn'kZu ls MkW0 jes'k us d`f"k n'kZu dk;ZØe dk vkjEHk fd;kA mldh etcwr uhao mUgksaus gh j[kh vkSj mlesa Hkh og yksd xhrksa o u`R;ksa dks Hkh txg nsrs jgs o cgqr gh jkspd rjhds ls n'kZdksa dks [kkn] Qlyksa dh dVkbZ ds rjhds] chekfj;ksa ds mipkj vkfn dh tkudkjh nsrs jgsA ;g dk;ZØe os tc rd LoLFk jgs yxkrkj djrs jgsA bl dk;ZØe dh fo'ks"krk ;g jgh fd mUgksaus oSKkfudksa dks fdlkuksa ds cgqr utnhd yk fn;kA ;g dk;Zdze vkt Hkh fdlkuksa ds fy, tkudkjh nsus okyk lcls yksdfiz; dk;Zdze gSA blls d`f"k fo"k;

i<+us okys Nk=ksa dh tkudkjh gh ugha

c<+h cfYd 'kgjh efgyk,¡ o iq#"k tks ?kj esa ckxokuh dk 'kkSd j[krs gS] mUgsa Hkh dbZ tkudkfj;k¡ bl dk;ZØe ls feyus yxhA

vius pkyhl o"kZ esa fgUnh esa foKku ds ;ksxnku esa 1000 ls vf/kd d`f"k foKku o rduhd ij ys[k fy[ksA 500 ls vf/kd dk;ZØe nwjn'kZu ij fn;sA 200 ls vf/kd fdrkcksa dk laiknu fd;kA mUgksaus dbZ izfl} oSKkfudksa ij fQYesa cUkkbZa vkSj 12 fdrkcsa foKku ds izpkj vkSj izlkj ds fy, fy[khaA gekjs ns'k esa tgk¡ vfHkusrkvksa o usrkvksa dh ppkZ jgrh gSa ogk¡ vke vkneh rd oSKkfudksa dks igq¡pk;kA yksx gfjr ØkfUr ls tqM+s izfl} oSKkfud M+kW0 LokehukFku ds ;ksxnku dks fgUnh esa i<+us yxs vkSj ,sls gh dbZ oSKkfud mudh dye ls Nk=ksa vkSj vke vkneh rd igq¡psA blh chp og dbZ dk;Zdze jsfM+;ks ij nsrs jgsA ftlesa dbZ dk;ZØe cPpksa esa foKku igq¡pkus ds Hkh jgsaA

mudk ,d cgqr cM+k ;ksxnku fgUnh esa ekWyhD;wyj tho foKku fy[kuk jgkA ftls i<+dj eSa Lo;a lkroha d{kk ls Mh0 ,u0 ,0 ftls mUgksaaus fo"kk.kq dk uke fn;k dks tkuus dh bPNqd jghaA 'kk;n blh dk vlj Fkk fd eSaus dksf'kdk foKku esa fo'ks"kKrk yh vkSj vk.kfod tho foKku esa vuqla/kku djus esa vkt eSa lcls vf/kd vkuUn ys jgh gw¡A

mRrjk[kaM ds th0 ch0 iar fo'o fo|ky; esa og 1968 ls 70] d`f"k o rduhdh dh i= if=dkvkssa ds lapkyu ds fy, ,lksfl,V Mk;jsDVj jgsA mlds ckn 1970&1995 rd mUgksaus fnYyh d`f"k ea=ky; ds n¶rj d`f"k Hkou esa viuh lsok,s nhA varjkZ"Vªh; lh0 ,0 ch0 vkbZ0 esa 2002&2003 rd ehfM+;k dUlyVsaV jgsaA fQyhihal] ds pkoy ds vUrjkZ"Vªh; laLFkku vkbZ vkj vkj vkbZ esa fo'ks"k :Ik ls ljdkj }kjk ehfM+;k dUlyVsaV Hksts x,A

Ekq[; iqjLdkj

1- jk"Vªh; iqjLdkj lcls vPNs dk;ZØe ds fy, foKku o rduhdh ea=ky; }kjkA

2- thoui;ZUr foKku ds izlkj ds ;ksxnku ds fy, jk"Vªifr M+kW 'kadj n;ky 'kekZ }kjk

3- bfUnjk xkW/kh vkokMZ vkbZ ,u ,l , }kjkA

4- MWk0 vkRekjke iqjLdkjA

vius vafre fnuksa esa og bXuw esa tSo rduhd] ck;ksVsDuksykWth fo"k; ds eq[; ijke'kZdrkZ jgsA

mudh ik¡p fdrkcsa mudh e`R;q ds ,d eghus ckn Niha ftlesa ls ,d fdrkc mudh fy[kh dforkvksa dk laxzg gS xqLrk[kh ekQA mUgksaus foKku esa vaxzsth;r dh ?kqliSB o vQljh dks fgUnh ls ekr nsus dh xqLrk[kh dh vkSj vke vkneh o fdlkuksa ds chp foKku dks yksdfiz; fd;kA

bl ns'k ds nwj bykdksa esa tgk¡ Lukrd rd Nk= fgUnh esa foKku i<+us ds ckn] 'kgjh {ks=ksa esa vkdj Hkk"kk ds }a} esa Qaldj foKku ls ijgst dj ysrs gSa muds fy, foKku o f'k{kk ls tqM+s lekt dk D;k nkf;Ro gS ;g le>kus dh dksf'k'k M+kW jes'k nRr 'kekZ th us vius thoudky esa dhA fgUnh esa foKku dks jkspd cukdj vke turk o Nk=ksa rd igq¡pkus dk iz;Ru ;fn lPps eu o lksp ls fd;k tk, rks og fnu nwj u gksaaxs tc vUrjkZ"Vªh; if=dkvksa ¼tuZy½ esa fgUnh dks ogh LFkku feyus yxs tks teZu o Qzsap dks feyrk gSA

vkSj varr% viuh e`R;q ls Hkh mUgksaus foKku dks ;ksxnku fn;kA viuh vk¡[ksa o 'kjhj dks fpfdRlk vuqla/kku ds fy, mUgksaus nku dj fn;kA mudh vkW[kksa ls nks yM+fd;k¡ vkt nqfu;k ns[k jgh gaS] ftuls M+kW jes'k 'kekZ th us fgUnh esa foKku fy[kdj mlds izpkj izlkj dk liuk latks;k FkkA

mRrjh {ks=h; dsUnz] Hkkjrh; izk.kh losZ{k.k foHkkx218] dkSykx<+ jksM+] nsgjknwu

mRrjk[k.M+

56 57

foKku ifjppkZ o"kZ 2] vad 3 tuojh&ekpZ 2012

'kCnksa dks pqukSrh ds :i esa Lohdkj dj ;gh tksf[ke mBk;kA Lora=rk ds ckn prqfnZd fodkl dh ;kstukvksa dk fuekZ.k djrs le; Hkh oSKkfud lksp okys cky lkfgR; tSls egRoiw.kZ {ks= dh mis{kk djuk mi;qZDr pqukSrh dks Lohdkjuk ugha rks vkSj D;k ekuk tk,xk\

vr% la{ksi esa dgk tk, rks vkt t:jr bl ckr dh gS fd gekjs lekt ds fofHkUu oxZ bl tfVy leL;k dk Lo;a feytqy dj gy fudkysaA blds fy, ns'k Hkj esa txg&txg oSKkfudksa] f'k{kkfonksa m|ksxifr;ksa] O;kikfj;ksa ¼ftuesa izdk'kd izeq[k gSa½ foKku ys[kdks] lekt lsfo;ksa vkSj fp=dkjksa dks lkFk lkFk cSBdj o fopkj foe'kZ dj dqN ,sls jkLrs ryk'kus gksaxs tks bu lcds vkilh lg;ksx ls de ls de cnyko dh dqN laHkkouk rks yk ldsaA foKku lEcU/kh fofHkUu Lrjksa dh i=&if=dkvksa ds izdk'ku rFkk ekStwnk i=&if=dkvksa esa foKku ds fy, dqN LFkku izk;ksftr djk;s tkus dh O;oLFkk ds ckjs eas fopkj foe'kZ ds vykok Vh- oh- o jsfM;ks ij gksus okys izk;ksftr dk;ZØeksa ds <jsZ ij gh foKku lEcU/kh jkspd izlkj.k dh fn'kk esa ;fn bu cSBdksa esa dqN fu.kZ; fy, tk ldsa rks fu'p; gh ;g lekt dh vksj ls ,d Bksl igy gksxhA

blds lkFk gh ehfM;k dks flQZ usrkvksa vfHkusrkvksa ds ihNs Hkkxrs jgus vkSj MdSrh] vigj.k o cykRdkj dh luluh[kst ?kVukvksa dh izeq[krk ls izpkj&izlkj dh viuh izo`fÙk ds lkFk viuk uSfrd nkf;Ro le>rs gq, foKku dks vke turk rd igq¡pkus okys gj ,d dne dks izeq[krk vkSj izkFkfedrk nsuh gksxh rHkh bl fn'kk esa fudV Hkfo"; esa dqN csgrj ifj.kkeksa dh vk'kk dh tk ldrh gS ojuk bl vUns'ks dh xqatkb'k T;knk gS fd dgha t; toku t; fdlku ds lkFk yxk;k t; foKku Hkh egt ukjs dk ,d Hkkx cudj gh u jg tk,A

ofj"B foKku ys[kd]cjsyh

foKku ys[ku ds izdk'k LrEHk foKku ys[ku ds izdk'k LrEHk Mk0 jes'k nRr 'kekZMk0 jes'k nRr 'kekZ

vpZuk cgqxq.kkvpZuk cgqxq.kk

mRrj izns'k us fgUnh txr dks dbZ izfl) dfo ys[kd bl ns'k dks fn, gSa ftudh dfork,¡ o dgkfu;k¡ vkt Hkh gesa jksekafpr djrh gSA blh mRrj izns'k ds ,Vk ftys ls bl ns'k esa ,sls ,d foKku ys[kd Hkh gq, ftudh dye us foKku esa fgUnh dk ncnck cuk;k o bl ns'k esa vaxzsth esa i<+s tkus okys foKku dks] tks dqN yksxksa rd lhfer gks tkrk gS gj oxZ esa jkspd cukdj igq¡pk;kA ,sls Fks M+Wk0 jes'k nRr 'kekZ ftudk fu/ku 6 Qjojh 2012 dks gks x;kA

15 Qjojh 1939 esa ,Vk ds tyslj dLcs esa iSnk gq, M+Wk0 jes'k nRr 'kekZ dk foKku ls yxko cpiu ls gh jgkA tyslj dLcs esas dqN i<+s fy[ks yksxksa us ,d vPNk iqLrdky; cuk j[kk Fkk tgk¡ jes'k th cpiu ls gh tk;k djrsA ogha mUgksaus foKku dh dbZ iqLrdsa i<+ MkyhA vkxjk dkWyst ls ouLifr foKku esas LukrdksRrj ijh{kk mRrhZ.k dhA ijUrq ijh{kk esa vPNs Øksekslkse ;kfu xq.klw= dh LykbM+ cukus ds Qsj esa] mUgksaus vPNh cuh LykbM+ dwM+snku esa M++ky nh vkSj vadksa esa fiNM+ x,A D;ksafd eSa mudh csVh gw¡ rks mUgksaus ;g ckr cgqr vQlksl ds lkFk] tc eSa foKku dh Nk=k Fkh crkbZA rHkh ls eSaus ;g lh[k yh fd izsfDVdy ijh{kk esa vkidk tks csgrj gS mls gh ijksl nsuk pkfg,A vkSj csgrj cukuk gSa rks igys okys dke dks lgst dj j[kus ds cknA ;g eSa vkt oSKkfud gksus ds ckn Hkh vius iz;ksx esa ykxw djrh gw¡A

Tkyslj dLck NksM+ jes'k th fnYyh vk x, D;ksafd fnYyh esa Hkkjrh; dkWmfUly d`f"k vuqla/kku vkbZ0 lh0 ,0 vkj0 ds vUrxZr vkus okys nQrj d`f"k Hkou esa mudh ukSdjh yx x;hA

d`f"k dks ml le; fgUnh ds ek/;e ls fy[ks tkus dh vko';Drk eglwl dh x;hA jes'k th dks bl nrj ls Nius okyh if=dkvksa ds laiknu dk Hkkj fn;k x;kA cpiu ls gh mUgsa dfork,¡ i<+us vkSj Lo;a fy[kus dk Hkh 'kkSd Fkk D;ksafd og ml ekgkSy esa iys c<s+ FksA fnYyh tSls 'kgj esa jk.kk izrki ckx esa jgrs gq,] d`f"k i=dkfjrk djrs gq, og dfo lEesyuksa ds vk;kstuksa esa tqV x,A mlh nkSjku ,d dfo lEesyu ds vk;kstu ds fy, mUgksaus izfl} dfo gfjoa'kjk; cPpu th dks vkaef=r fd;kA muls ckrphr ds nkSjku cPpu th us mUgsa lq>ko fn;k fd vki foKku dks fgUnh esa tutu rd igq¡pkb,A jes'k th dks fgUnh o foKku ds bl esy dk lq>ko Hkk x;k vkSj mUgksaus foKku dks tutu igqWpkus dk ftEek mBk fy;kA lIrkfgd fgUnqLrku] /keZ;qx] uouhr tSlh if=dk,¡ tks dgk¡fu;ksa o jktuhfr ls tqM+s ys[kksa ls Hkjh iM+h Fkha] mUgksaus foKku dks fgUnh esa mfpr LFkku nsuk vkjEHk dj fn;kA 1965 ls 1975 ds nl lky ds vUrjky esa jes'k th us fgUnh esa cgqr mPp Lrj ds ys[k bu if=dkvksa esa fy[ks vkSj ?kj & ?kj esa foKku yksdfiz; gks x;kA bl chp mudh izsj.kk ls dbZ vkSj foKku ys[kd fgUnh ls tqM+ x;sA

d`f"k ds eqf'dy oSKkfud rjhdksa dks ljyhdj.k ls fdlkuksa rd igq¡pkus ds fy, nwjn'kZu ls MkW0 jes'k us d`f"k n'kZu dk;ZØe dk vkjEHk fd;kA mldh etcwr uhao mUgksaus gh j[kh vkSj mlesa Hkh og yksd xhrksa o u`R;ksa dks Hkh txg nsrs jgs o cgqr gh jkspd rjhds ls n'kZdksa dks [kkn] Qlyksa dh dVkbZ ds rjhds] chekfj;ksa ds mipkj vkfn dh tkudkjh nsrs jgsA ;g dk;ZØe os tc rd LoLFk jgs yxkrkj djrs jgsA bl dk;ZØe dh fo'ks"krk ;g jgh fd mUgksaus oSKkfudksa dks fdlkuksa ds cgqr utnhd yk fn;kA ;g dk;Zdze vkt Hkh fdlkuksa ds fy, tkudkjh nsus okyk lcls yksdfiz; dk;Zdze gSA blls d`f"k fo"k;

i<+us okys Nk=ksa dh tkudkjh gh ugha

c<+h cfYd 'kgjh efgyk,¡ o iq#"k tks ?kj esa ckxokuh dk 'kkSd j[krs gS] mUgsa Hkh dbZ tkudkfj;k¡ bl dk;ZØe ls feyus yxhA

vius pkyhl o"kZ esa fgUnh esa foKku ds ;ksxnku esa 1000 ls vf/kd d`f"k foKku o rduhd ij ys[k fy[ksA 500 ls vf/kd dk;ZØe nwjn'kZu ij fn;sA 200 ls vf/kd fdrkcksa dk laiknu fd;kA mUgksaus dbZ izfl} oSKkfudksa ij fQYesa cUkkbZa vkSj 12 fdrkcsa foKku ds izpkj vkSj izlkj ds fy, fy[khaA gekjs ns'k esa tgk¡ vfHkusrkvksa o usrkvksa dh ppkZ jgrh gSa ogk¡ vke vkneh rd oSKkfudksa dks igq¡pk;kA yksx gfjr ØkfUr ls tqM+s izfl} oSKkfud M+kW0 LokehukFku ds ;ksxnku dks fgUnh esa i<+us yxs vkSj ,sls gh dbZ oSKkfud mudh dye ls Nk=ksa vkSj vke vkneh rd igq¡psA blh chp og dbZ dk;Zdze jsfM+;ks ij nsrs jgsA ftlesa dbZ dk;ZØe cPpksa esa foKku igq¡pkus ds Hkh jgsaA

mudk ,d cgqr cM+k ;ksxnku fgUnh esa ekWyhD;wyj tho foKku fy[kuk jgkA ftls i<+dj eSa Lo;a lkroha d{kk ls Mh0 ,u0 ,0 ftls mUgksaaus fo"kk.kq dk uke fn;k dks tkuus dh bPNqd jghaA 'kk;n blh dk vlj Fkk fd eSaus dksf'kdk foKku esa fo'ks"kKrk yh vkSj vk.kfod tho foKku esa vuqla/kku djus esa vkt eSa lcls vf/kd vkuUn ys jgh gw¡A

mRrjk[kaM ds th0 ch0 iar fo'o fo|ky; esa og 1968 ls 70] d`f"k o rduhdh dh i= if=dkvkssa ds lapkyu ds fy, ,lksfl,V Mk;jsDVj jgsA mlds ckn 1970&1995 rd mUgksaus fnYyh d`f"k ea=ky; ds n¶rj d`f"k Hkou esa viuh lsok,s nhA varjkZ"Vªh; lh0 ,0 ch0 vkbZ0 esa 2002&2003 rd ehfM+;k dUlyVsaV jgsaA fQyhihal] ds pkoy ds vUrjkZ"Vªh; laLFkku vkbZ vkj vkj vkbZ esa fo'ks"k :Ik ls ljdkj }kjk ehfM+;k dUlyVsaV Hksts x,A

Ekq[; iqjLdkj

1- jk"Vªh; iqjLdkj lcls vPNs dk;ZØe ds fy, foKku o rduhdh ea=ky; }kjkA

2- thoui;ZUr foKku ds izlkj ds ;ksxnku ds fy, jk"Vªifr M+kW 'kadj n;ky 'kekZ }kjk

3- bfUnjk xkW/kh vkokMZ vkbZ ,u ,l , }kjkA

4- MWk0 vkRekjke iqjLdkjA

vius vafre fnuksa esa og bXuw esa tSo rduhd] ck;ksVsDuksykWth fo"k; ds eq[; ijke'kZdrkZ jgsA

mudh ik¡p fdrkcsa mudh e`R;q ds ,d eghus ckn Niha ftlesa ls ,d fdrkc mudh fy[kh dforkvksa dk laxzg gS xqLrk[kh ekQA mUgksaus foKku esa vaxzsth;r dh ?kqliSB o vQljh dks fgUnh ls ekr nsus dh xqLrk[kh dh vkSj vke vkneh o fdlkuksa ds chp foKku dks yksdfiz; fd;kA

bl ns'k ds nwj bykdksa esa tgk¡ Lukrd rd Nk= fgUnh esa foKku i<+us ds ckn] 'kgjh {ks=ksa esa vkdj Hkk"kk ds }a} esa Qaldj foKku ls ijgst dj ysrs gSa muds fy, foKku o f'k{kk ls tqM+s lekt dk D;k nkf;Ro gS ;g le>kus dh dksf'k'k M+kW jes'k nRr 'kekZ th us vius thoudky esa dhA fgUnh esa foKku dks jkspd cukdj vke turk o Nk=ksa rd igq¡pkus dk iz;Ru ;fn lPps eu o lksp ls fd;k tk, rks og fnu nwj u gksaaxs tc vUrjkZ"Vªh; if=dkvksa ¼tuZy½ esa fgUnh dks ogh LFkku feyus yxs tks teZu o Qzsap dks feyrk gSA

vkSj varr% viuh e`R;q ls Hkh mUgksaus foKku dks ;ksxnku fn;kA viuh vk¡[ksa o 'kjhj dks fpfdRlk vuqla/kku ds fy, mUgksaus nku dj fn;kA mudh vkW[kksa ls nks yM+fd;k¡ vkt nqfu;k ns[k jgh gaS] ftuls M+kW jes'k 'kekZ th us fgUnh esa foKku fy[kdj mlds izpkj izlkj dk liuk latks;k FkkA

mRrjh {ks=h; dsUnz] Hkkjrh; izk.kh losZ{k.k foHkkx218] dkSykx<+ jksM+] nsgjknwu

mRrjk[k.M+

58 59Nk=ksa] f'k{kdksa] 'kks/kkfFkZ;ksa o vketu esa foKku ds ykdO;kihdj.k ds fufeRr izdkf'kr =Sekfld if=dk foKku ifjppkZ dk vad vkids gkFkksa esa gSA if=dk ftl Hkh izdkj ls ftu&ftu rd igq¡pkbZ tk ldh mu lHkh us bls gkFkksa&gkFk fy;k vkSj if=dk dh lnL;rk izkIr djus o vuojr :i ls bldh izkfIr dk vuqjks/k fd;k gSA eSa vkids laKku esa ykuk pkgrh gw¡ fd foKku ifjppkZ fu%'kqYd forj.k gsrq izdkf'kr dh tkrh gS fdUrq lq/kh ikBdksa rd bls igq¡pkus dk Mkd&O;; cgqr vf/kd gS ftlls gj ftKklq rd bls igq¡pkuk laHko ugha gks ik jgk gSA bl vad dks ge cqd&iksLV @LihM iksLV@dqfj;j ls vkidks Hkst jgs gSaA ;fn if=dk vkidks fey tkrh gS rks gekjk vuqjks/k gS fd &

1- VsyhQksu] bZ&esy vFkok fyf[kr :i esa blh izkfIr dh lwpuk gesa vo'; nsa vkSj vius irs esa vko';d la'kks/ku ¼fiu dksM] Qksu uEcj vkfn lfgr Hkh½ djds Hkstus dk d"V djsa rkfd vkxkeh vadks dks vki rd ig¡qpkuk lqfuf'pr fd;k tk ldsaA

2- nsgjknwu 'kgj ds ckgj dh laLFkk;sa vkSj ftKklq ;fn if=dk dh lqfuf'pr izkfIr pkgrs gSa rks vkxkeh vadksa dh izkfIr gsrq :Œ 25@ ¼iPphl :i;k ek=½ ds pkj iksLVy fVdV Hkstus dk d"V djsaA

3- nsgjknwu o fiFkkSjkx<+ dh LFkkuh; laLFkk;sa o ftKklq if=dk dks igy dk;kZy; ekul eafnj] dSUV jksM] fiFkkSjkx<+ rFkk eqR;qat; /kke] 18 'kkL=huxj] nsgjknwu ls fdlh Hkh dk;Z fnol ij fu%'kqYd izkIr dj ldrs gSaA

4- viuh izfrfØ;k;sa] lq/kkj gsrq lq>ko rFkk izdk'ku gsrq lkexzh LihM iksLV ;k dwfj;j ls if=dk ds fuEukafdr izdk'kdh; dk;kZy; ds irs ij gh Hkstus dh d`ik djsa &

izcU/k lEiknd

e`R;aqt; /kke] 18 'kkL=huxj] gfj}kj jksM] nsgjknwu] fiu & 248001

Qksu & 0135 & 2669236] eksΠ& 9412047994Email-pahal_uttarakhand@yahoo.co.in,

Website-www.pahal_understanding.org

o;kso`) fgj.k us ekSu rksM+k] Þvdsys fgj.kksa dk gh D;k dguk] ekuo us rks gkfFk;ksa dk thuk Hkh nq'okj dj j[kk gSAß

ÞD;k gkfFk;ksa dks Hkh ekuo nq[kh dj jgk gS] vady\ lquk gS gkFkh rks cM+k cqf)eku vkSj 'kkar izd`fr dk i'kq gksrk gSAß 'kkod us izfrfØ;k O;Dr dhA

o;kso`) fgj.k us gkeh Hkjh] Þgk¡ csVk] gkFkh cgqr gh cqf)eku vkSj lw>cw> okyk i'kq gksrk gSA mldh cqf)ekuh dh rks vusd dgkfu;ka izfl) gSAß

dgkuh dk uke lqudj 'kkod pgd dj cksy mBk] ÞgkFkh dh cqf)ekuh dh dksbZ dgkuh eq>s Hkh lqukb;s vady! eq>s dgkfu;ka cgqr vPNh yxrh gSaAÞ

o;kso`) fgj.k FkksM+k lkspdj cksyk] Þ;fn ,slk gS rks Bhd gS] eSa rqEgsa gkfFk;ksa dh cqf)ekuh vkSj lw>cw> dh ,d rkth dgkuh lqukrk gw¡A /;ku ls lquks

Þuthckckn&dksV}kj ekxZ ij dksV}kj ds ikl lq[kjks uked unh cgrh gS tks fd vkxs tkdj ^[kksg ugh esa fey tkrh gSA o"kZ 2006 esa ykyokyk ls

gkfFk;ksa dh cqf)ekuhdkQh Åij ,d gfFkuh vius cPps ds lkFk blh unh esa ikuh ihus vk;hA ikuh ihrs le; <k¡x <g tkus ds dkj.k cPps dk lUrqyu fcxM+ x;k vkSj og unh esa fxj x;kA cPpk unh ds ikuh ds rst cgko esa cgus yxkA vius cPps dks cgrk ns[kdj gfFkuh ?kcjk x;h vkSj mlus dbZ ckj tksj&tksj ls fpa?kkM+ ekjhA gfFkuh dh fpa?kkM+ lqudj vkuu&Qkuu esa pkj gkFkh ogk¡ vk x;sA vkSj mlds ckn dk n`'; rks cM+k gh vn~Hqkr Fkk csVk] eSus Lo;a og n`'; viuh vk¡[kksa ls ns[kk FkkA vkt Hkh tc eSa mls ;kn djrk gw¡ rks esjk jkse&jkse iqyfdr gks tkrk gSA mlds ckn ls rks eSa gkfFk;ksa dh cqf)ekuh ds lkeus ureLrd gks x;k gw¡A

'kkod us mRlqdrk ls iwNk] ßD;k Fkk og vn~Hkqr n`'; tjk eq>s Hkh rks crykb;s\Þ

ßgk¡ csVk] crykrk gw¡A njvly gkfFk;ksa ds vkus rd dh vof/k esa cPpk unh esa cgdj yxHkx ,d QykZax nwj rd tk pqdk FkkA pkjksa gkFkh o gfFkuh cM+h

rsth ls cPps ds uhps dh vksj vk;sA ,d gkFkh unh ds chpksa&chp vkdj [kM+k gqvk vkSj 'ks"k gkfFk;ksa us ,d&nwljs dh iwN o lwaM tdM+dj idM+h rFkk ,d J`a[kyk cuk;hA vkxs okys gkFkh us cPps dh xnZu dks etcwrh ls viuh lwaM+ ls idM+k vkSj lHkh us feydj cPps dks lqjf{kr unh ls ckgj fudky fy;kAÞ

'kkod us [kq'kh ls mNyrs gq;s dgk] ÞvkSj NksVs cPps dh tku cp x;hA okg ebZ okg!Þ

o;kso`) fgj.k us dgk] Þgk¡ csVk bl rjg gkfFk;ksa us vius cPps dh tku cpk yhA ge i'kqvksa dks fy;s rks ;g cM+h vn~Hkqr vkSj izsj.kkLin ?kVuk FkhAß

fgj.k us Hkh viuh jk; nh] ÞcsVk] gkFkh okLro esa cM+k cqf)eku i'kq gksrk gSA ;gk¡ rd fd taxy esa Hkh og vius lqfuf'pr jkLrksa ls etcwjh esa gh b/kj&m/kj HkVdrk gSAß

o;kso`) fgj.k us Hkh lgefr O;Dr dh] Þgk¡] njvly gkfFk;ksa dks ;g Hkyh Hkk¡fr irk gksrk gS fd mudk {ks= dgk¡ [kRe gksrk gS vkSj ekuoh; {ks= dgk¡ ls

vkjaHk gksrk gSA os lnSo ekuoh; {ks=ksa esa tkus ls drjkrs gSa vkSj fdlh ijs'kkuh esa ;k ck/; gksdj gh ,slk djrs gSaAß

'kkod us iwNk] Þvady] ,sls dkSu ls dkj.k gS ftuls gkfFk;ksa dks ekuoh; {ks=ksa esa tkus dks ck/; gksuk iM+rk gS\Þ

o;kso`) fgj.k us le>k;k] Þnjvly gkfFk;ksa ds vkoklh; o Hkze.k {ks=ksa esa ekuo dk vfrØe.k c<+rk gh tk jgk gSA taxy dkVus o tylzksrksa dks u"V djus ds lkFk gh mu {ks=ksa ls gksdj lM+dsa o jsyekxZ Hkh cuk fn;s x;s gSaAÞ

fgj.k us dgk] ÞbUgha ckrksa dk fojks/k djus ds fy;s gh rks fnlacj 2006 esa ,d gkFkh us nsgjknwu & _f"kds'k ekxZ tke dj fn;k FkkA

ÞekxZ tke dj fn;k Fkk\ß 'kkod us mRlqdrk ls iwNkA

Þgk¡] ,d gkFkh taxy ls fudydj lM+d ij vk x;k vkSj dkQh nsj rd pgydneh djrk jgkA ;fn fdlh us mlsa vksojVsd djus dh dksf'k'k Hkh dh rks mlds ihNs nkSM+dj vkSj fpa?kkM+dj mls /kedk;kA bl rjg mlus viuk fojks/k O;Dr fd;kAß o;kso`) fgj.k us vius ckr iwjh dhA

fgj.k us ckr dks vkxs c<+k;k] ÞekpZ&2009 dh ?kVuk ;kn gS u HkkbZ tc jktkth jk"Vªh; ikdZ dh phyk jsat ds vUrxZr p.Mh iqy csfj;j ds ikl ,d gfFkuh us chp lM+d ij ,d cPps dks tUe fn;k Fkk ftlds dkj.k yxHkx pkj ?k.Vs rd lM+d ij ;krk;kr jksd nsuk iM+k FkkA tc gfFkuh vius cPps dks ysdj taxy esa pyh x;h Fkh rHkh ;krk;kr lqpk# gks ldk FkkAß

'kkod us [kq'kh ls pgdrs gq;s dgk]

Þvjs okg] uUgs vIiw dk tUe lM+d ij gqvk FkkA fgj.k us crk;k] Þgk¡ csVk] ysfdu ,slh ?kVuk;sa rHkh ?kVrh gSa tc gkFkh taxy esa vlqfo/kk eglwl djrs gSaA vkt ekuo dh gjdrksa ds dkj.k gkfFk;ksa esa xqLlk vkSj vkØks'k Hkh c<+ jgk gSAß

ÞgkfFk;ksa esa xqLlk vkSj vkØks'k c<+ jgk gS\ og dSls\ß 'kkod us iwNk Þekuo dh ,slh dkSu lh gjdrsa gSa tjk eq>s Hkh crykb;s\ß

fgj.k us dgk] Þ;fn tkuuk gh pkgrs gks rks lquks---Aß

Øe'k%

jkT; vdknfed leUo;djk"Vªh; cky foKku dkaxzsl] mŒ izŒ

fnus'k pUnz 'kekZ

d`i;k bls vo'; i<as+

ifjra= dh dgkuh & 7

foKku ifjppkZ o"kZ 2] vad 3 tuojh&ekpZ 2012

58 59Nk=ksa] f'k{kdksa] 'kks/kkfFkZ;ksa o vketu esa foKku ds ykdO;kihdj.k ds fufeRr izdkf'kr =Sekfld if=dk foKku ifjppkZ dk vad vkids gkFkksa esa gSA if=dk ftl Hkh izdkj ls ftu&ftu rd igq¡pkbZ tk ldh mu lHkh us bls gkFkksa&gkFk fy;k vkSj if=dk dh lnL;rk izkIr djus o vuojr :i ls bldh izkfIr dk vuqjks/k fd;k gSA eSa vkids laKku esa ykuk pkgrh gw¡ fd foKku ifjppkZ fu%'kqYd forj.k gsrq izdkf'kr dh tkrh gS fdUrq lq/kh ikBdksa rd bls igq¡pkus dk Mkd&O;; cgqr vf/kd gS ftlls gj ftKklq rd bls igq¡pkuk laHko ugha gks ik jgk gSA bl vad dks ge cqd&iksLV @LihM iksLV@dqfj;j ls vkidks Hkst jgs gSaA ;fn if=dk vkidks fey tkrh gS rks gekjk vuqjks/k gS fd &

1- VsyhQksu] bZ&esy vFkok fyf[kr :i esa blh izkfIr dh lwpuk gesa vo'; nsa vkSj vius irs esa vko';d la'kks/ku ¼fiu dksM] Qksu uEcj vkfn lfgr Hkh½ djds Hkstus dk d"V djsa rkfd vkxkeh vadks dks vki rd ig¡qpkuk lqfuf'pr fd;k tk ldsaA

2- nsgjknwu 'kgj ds ckgj dh laLFkk;sa vkSj ftKklq ;fn if=dk dh lqfuf'pr izkfIr pkgrs gSa rks vkxkeh vadksa dh izkfIr gsrq :Œ 25@ ¼iPphl :i;k ek=½ ds pkj iksLVy fVdV Hkstus dk d"V djsaA

3- nsgjknwu o fiFkkSjkx<+ dh LFkkuh; laLFkk;sa o ftKklq if=dk dks igy dk;kZy; ekul eafnj] dSUV jksM] fiFkkSjkx<+ rFkk eqR;qat; /kke] 18 'kkL=huxj] nsgjknwu ls fdlh Hkh dk;Z fnol ij fu%'kqYd izkIr dj ldrs gSaA

4- viuh izfrfØ;k;sa] lq/kkj gsrq lq>ko rFkk izdk'ku gsrq lkexzh LihM iksLV ;k dwfj;j ls if=dk ds fuEukafdr izdk'kdh; dk;kZy; ds irs ij gh Hkstus dh d`ik djsa &

izcU/k lEiknd

e`R;aqt; /kke] 18 'kkL=huxj] gfj}kj jksM] nsgjknwu] fiu & 248001

Qksu & 0135 & 2669236] eksΠ& 9412047994Email-pahal_uttarakhand@yahoo.co.in,

Website-www.pahal_understanding.org

o;kso`) fgj.k us ekSu rksM+k] Þvdsys fgj.kksa dk gh D;k dguk] ekuo us rks gkfFk;ksa dk thuk Hkh nq'okj dj j[kk gSAß

ÞD;k gkfFk;ksa dks Hkh ekuo nq[kh dj jgk gS] vady\ lquk gS gkFkh rks cM+k cqf)eku vkSj 'kkar izd`fr dk i'kq gksrk gSAß 'kkod us izfrfØ;k O;Dr dhA

o;kso`) fgj.k us gkeh Hkjh] Þgk¡ csVk] gkFkh cgqr gh cqf)eku vkSj lw>cw> okyk i'kq gksrk gSA mldh cqf)ekuh dh rks vusd dgkfu;ka izfl) gSAß

dgkuh dk uke lqudj 'kkod pgd dj cksy mBk] ÞgkFkh dh cqf)ekuh dh dksbZ dgkuh eq>s Hkh lqukb;s vady! eq>s dgkfu;ka cgqr vPNh yxrh gSaAÞ

o;kso`) fgj.k FkksM+k lkspdj cksyk] Þ;fn ,slk gS rks Bhd gS] eSa rqEgsa gkfFk;ksa dh cqf)ekuh vkSj lw>cw> dh ,d rkth dgkuh lqukrk gw¡A /;ku ls lquks

Þuthckckn&dksV}kj ekxZ ij dksV}kj ds ikl lq[kjks uked unh cgrh gS tks fd vkxs tkdj ^[kksg ugh esa fey tkrh gSA o"kZ 2006 esa ykyokyk ls

gkfFk;ksa dh cqf)ekuhdkQh Åij ,d gfFkuh vius cPps ds lkFk blh unh esa ikuh ihus vk;hA ikuh ihrs le; <k¡x <g tkus ds dkj.k cPps dk lUrqyu fcxM+ x;k vkSj og unh esa fxj x;kA cPpk unh ds ikuh ds rst cgko esa cgus yxkA vius cPps dks cgrk ns[kdj gfFkuh ?kcjk x;h vkSj mlus dbZ ckj tksj&tksj ls fpa?kkM+ ekjhA gfFkuh dh fpa?kkM+ lqudj vkuu&Qkuu esa pkj gkFkh ogk¡ vk x;sA vkSj mlds ckn dk n`'; rks cM+k gh vn~Hqkr Fkk csVk] eSus Lo;a og n`'; viuh vk¡[kksa ls ns[kk FkkA vkt Hkh tc eSa mls ;kn djrk gw¡ rks esjk jkse&jkse iqyfdr gks tkrk gSA mlds ckn ls rks eSa gkfFk;ksa dh cqf)ekuh ds lkeus ureLrd gks x;k gw¡A

'kkod us mRlqdrk ls iwNk] ßD;k Fkk og vn~Hkqr n`'; tjk eq>s Hkh rks crykb;s\Þ

ßgk¡ csVk] crykrk gw¡A njvly gkfFk;ksa ds vkus rd dh vof/k esa cPpk unh esa cgdj yxHkx ,d QykZax nwj rd tk pqdk FkkA pkjksa gkFkh o gfFkuh cM+h

rsth ls cPps ds uhps dh vksj vk;sA ,d gkFkh unh ds chpksa&chp vkdj [kM+k gqvk vkSj 'ks"k gkfFk;ksa us ,d&nwljs dh iwN o lwaM tdM+dj idM+h rFkk ,d J`a[kyk cuk;hA vkxs okys gkFkh us cPps dh xnZu dks etcwrh ls viuh lwaM+ ls idM+k vkSj lHkh us feydj cPps dks lqjf{kr unh ls ckgj fudky fy;kAÞ

'kkod us [kq'kh ls mNyrs gq;s dgk] ÞvkSj NksVs cPps dh tku cp x;hA okg ebZ okg!Þ

o;kso`) fgj.k us dgk] Þgk¡ csVk bl rjg gkfFk;ksa us vius cPps dh tku cpk yhA ge i'kqvksa dks fy;s rks ;g cM+h vn~Hkqr vkSj izsj.kkLin ?kVuk FkhAß

fgj.k us Hkh viuh jk; nh] ÞcsVk] gkFkh okLro esa cM+k cqf)eku i'kq gksrk gSA ;gk¡ rd fd taxy esa Hkh og vius lqfuf'pr jkLrksa ls etcwjh esa gh b/kj&m/kj HkVdrk gSAß

o;kso`) fgj.k us Hkh lgefr O;Dr dh] Þgk¡] njvly gkfFk;ksa dks ;g Hkyh Hkk¡fr irk gksrk gS fd mudk {ks= dgk¡ [kRe gksrk gS vkSj ekuoh; {ks= dgk¡ ls

vkjaHk gksrk gSA os lnSo ekuoh; {ks=ksa esa tkus ls drjkrs gSa vkSj fdlh ijs'kkuh esa ;k ck/; gksdj gh ,slk djrs gSaAß

'kkod us iwNk] Þvady] ,sls dkSu ls dkj.k gS ftuls gkfFk;ksa dks ekuoh; {ks=ksa esa tkus dks ck/; gksuk iM+rk gS\Þ

o;kso`) fgj.k us le>k;k] Þnjvly gkfFk;ksa ds vkoklh; o Hkze.k {ks=ksa esa ekuo dk vfrØe.k c<+rk gh tk jgk gSA taxy dkVus o tylzksrksa dks u"V djus ds lkFk gh mu {ks=ksa ls gksdj lM+dsa o jsyekxZ Hkh cuk fn;s x;s gSaAÞ

fgj.k us dgk] ÞbUgha ckrksa dk fojks/k djus ds fy;s gh rks fnlacj 2006 esa ,d gkFkh us nsgjknwu & _f"kds'k ekxZ tke dj fn;k FkkA

ÞekxZ tke dj fn;k Fkk\ß 'kkod us mRlqdrk ls iwNkA

Þgk¡] ,d gkFkh taxy ls fudydj lM+d ij vk x;k vkSj dkQh nsj rd pgydneh djrk jgkA ;fn fdlh us mlsa vksojVsd djus dh dksf'k'k Hkh dh rks mlds ihNs nkSM+dj vkSj fpa?kkM+dj mls /kedk;kA bl rjg mlus viuk fojks/k O;Dr fd;kAß o;kso`) fgj.k us vius ckr iwjh dhA

fgj.k us ckr dks vkxs c<+k;k] ÞekpZ&2009 dh ?kVuk ;kn gS u HkkbZ tc jktkth jk"Vªh; ikdZ dh phyk jsat ds vUrxZr p.Mh iqy csfj;j ds ikl ,d gfFkuh us chp lM+d ij ,d cPps dks tUe fn;k Fkk ftlds dkj.k yxHkx pkj ?k.Vs rd lM+d ij ;krk;kr jksd nsuk iM+k FkkA tc gfFkuh vius cPps dks ysdj taxy esa pyh x;h Fkh rHkh ;krk;kr lqpk# gks ldk FkkAß

'kkod us [kq'kh ls pgdrs gq;s dgk]

Þvjs okg] uUgs vIiw dk tUe lM+d ij gqvk FkkA fgj.k us crk;k] Þgk¡ csVk] ysfdu ,slh ?kVuk;sa rHkh ?kVrh gSa tc gkFkh taxy esa vlqfo/kk eglwl djrs gSaA vkt ekuo dh gjdrksa ds dkj.k gkfFk;ksa esa xqLlk vkSj vkØks'k Hkh c<+ jgk gSAß

ÞgkfFk;ksa esa xqLlk vkSj vkØks'k c<+ jgk gS\ og dSls\ß 'kkod us iwNk Þekuo dh ,slh dkSu lh gjdrsa gSa tjk eq>s Hkh crykb;s\ß

fgj.k us dgk] Þ;fn tkuuk gh pkgrs gks rks lquks---Aß

Øe'k%

jkT; vdknfed leUo;djk"Vªh; cky foKku dkaxzsl] mŒ izŒ

fnus'k pUnz 'kekZ

d`i;k bls vo'; i<as+

ifjra= dh dgkuh & 7

foKku ifjppkZ o"kZ 2] vad 3 tuojh&ekpZ 2012

60

foKku ifjppkZ o"kZ 2] vad 3 tuojh&ekpZ 2012

6120

viuk foKku Kku c<+kb,

^foKku ifjppkZ* ds fiNys vadks esa geus iz'ukoyh o ys[kksa ds ek/;e ls izd`fr dh vHkwriwoZ d`fr;ksa ls lEcaf/kd jkspd Kku dks lq/kh&ikBdksa ds le{k j[kus dk iz;kl fd;kA if=dk ¼o"kZ&1½ ds vad&2 esa geus yxHkx 57 ,sls if{k;ksa ds ckjs esa ys[k izLrqr fd;k Fkk] tks u tkus fdruh nwjh r; dj] vkdk'k esa mM+dj o vius ewy vkolksa dks NksM+ dj 'kjn dky esa Hkkjr o vU; lehiLFk {ks=ksa esa izokl gsrq vkrs gSaA vk'p;Z gS] tgk¡ ,d vksj ^mÙkjh /kzqoh; VuZ* uked i{kh viuh izoklh ;k=k esa 'khrdky ds le; ^nf{k.kh /kqzo* dh vksj] 200 fd0eh0 izfr fnu dh nj ls mM+ku Hkj dj yxHkx 18]000 fd0eh0 nwj igq¡p tkrk gS] vkSj xzh"e _rq vkus ij iqu% vius ewy vkokl ykSV vkrk gS( ogk¡ nwljh vksj if{k;ksa dh dqN tkfr;k¡ ,slh Hkh gSa] tks mM+ ugha ldrhA os ;k rks /kjrh ij jgrs gq, nkSM+rh gSa ;k ty esa rSjrh gSaA ,sls gh dqN ^u mM+us okys if{k;ksa* ls ikBdksa dk lk{kkRdkj] bl vad esa gksxkA

Þdhfo;ksa dks /kksuh ds /kqjanjksa us /kqukß------- bl izdkj ds lekpkj dh gsMykbZu lekpkj i=ksa ds [ksy lekpkjksa esa vkius vDlj i<+h gksxhA bl gsMykbZu esa iz;ksx fd;k x;k 'kCn ^dhoh* ml mM+kufoghu i{kh dk uke gS] tks U;wt+hySaM dk jk"Vªh; i{kh gSA mlh uke ls ogk¡ ds jgus okys iqdkjs tkrs gSaA

,Sls cgqr ls mM+kufoghu ¼¶ykbZVysl½ i{kh gSa tks fo'o ds dqN lhfer {ks=ksa esa gh ik;s tkrs gSa] tSl vkLVªsfy;k] U;wt+hySaM] vÝhdk] vjc o nf{k.k vesfjdkA

vkius fdlh ^fÝt+* ds foKkiu ds lkFk ,d i{kh dk fp= ns[kk gksxkA og i{kh Hkh mM+kufoghu gh gS] ijUrq og nf{k.kh /kzqo ds cQhZys leqnzh rVksa ij ty esa gh thou O;rhr djus okyk ^iSafXou* uked i{kh gSA rHkh rks] ^fÝt* ds foKkiu ds lkFk mldk fn[kk;k tkuk 'kwU; ls Hkh de rkiØe dks fn[kkus ;k vf/kd BaMk djus dk ladsr gksrk gSA

vaxzsth esa ,d dgkor gS] Þ,su vkWfLVªp LVedß ¼vFkkZr~ ^,d 'kqrqjeqxZ isV*½ ftldk vFkZ ;g gS] fd ,Slk isV tks lc dqN gt+e dj tk,A ¼bl eqgkojs dk iz;ksx 'kk;n ;w¡ dj ldrs gSa] ÞfpUrk u djks] bruk [kk ysus ds ckn Hkh rqEgkjk fe= chekj ugha gksxk] D;ksafd] ßgh gSt+ ,su vkWfLVªp LVedß½A ^vkWfLVªp* Hkh ,d mM+kufoghu vÝhdh@vjch i{kh gS] tks

i{kh fnol ¼5 tuojh½ ij fo'ks"k %

u mM+ ldus okys] i{kh!

nhikyh jk.kk

jksM+k] iRFkj] yksgk] lc&dqN fuxy ysrk gS] vkSj vius Hkkstu dks budh lgk;rk ls vius isV dh fo'ks"k jpuk] ^fxtkMZ*] esa ihlrk gSA lHkh mM+kufoghu i{kh Fky ij jgus okys if{k;ksa tSls gh gksrs gSa] ijUrq ;s lkekU;r% dkQh cM+s ¼2-5 ehVj ls Hkh vf/kd Å¡ps½ gksrs gSa vkSj buds vo'ks"kh ia[kks ¼foax½ ij jksa;sankj ^ij* ¼Qs+nj½ gksrs gSaA blh dkj.k ;s mM+ ugha ldrs vkSj viuh QqrhZyh nkSM+ ij gh viuh lqj{kk ds fy, fuHkZj jgrs gSaA jkspd rF; ;g gS fd fo'o ds ftu {ks=ksa esa ;s ik;s tkrs gSa ogk¡ ,d le; fcYyh o HksfM+;ksa tSls NksVs ;k cM+s ekalkgkjh tUrq ugha ik;s tkrs FksA 'kk;n mM+us okys iwoZtksa o mM+us ds cgqr ls vuwdwyuksa ds gksus ds ckotwn+ Hkh mUgksaus mM+kufoghu gksuk gh mfpr le>k D;ksafd Fky ij gh muds fy, Hkkstu dh izpqj ek=k miyC/k Fkh vkSj ogk¡ mudks fdlh ek¡lkgkjh dk [krjk ugha FkkA

vkb;s! dqN fofp= o mi;ksxh mM+kufoghu if{k;ksa dk ifjp; izkIr djsaA

1- 'kqrjHkqxZ ;k vÝhdh vkWfLVªp ¼LVwªfFk;ks dSesyl½ % ;g lcls cM+k ¼2-5 ehVj] 150 fd0xzk0½ i{kh vÝhdk o vjsfc;k ds 'kq"d {ks=ksa esa ik;k tkrk

0 0gS] o 2-0 ls0 ls 50 lsa0 rd ds rkiØe esa thfor jg ldrk gSA budh yEch Vk¡xs] tsczk o uhyxk;ksa tSlh rhoz

xfr ds fy, mi;qDr gksrh gSaA ;s 80 fd0eh0 izfr ?kaVk dh j¶rkj ls nkSM+ ldrs gSa] vkSj ,d Nyk¡x esa 8 ehVj ls Hkh vf/kd dwn tkrs gSaA buds iSjksa esa yEcsa iats okyh dsoy 2 gh m¡xfy;ksa gksrh gSaA pksap cM+h et+cwr gksrh gSA flj] xnZu o iSjksa ij fNrjs gq, ^Qs+nj* gksrs gSaA uj esa iw¡N o ia[kksa ds lQsn ijksa ds vfrfjDr lHkh ^ij* dkys gksrs gSa] tcdh eknk ds lHkh ^ij* Hkwjs gksrs gSaA budh vk[kksa dh Åijh iydksa ij lw;Z ds izdk'k ls cpus ds fy, jksa;sa gksrs gSa vkSj budh vk¡[ks fdlh Hkh Fkyh; jh<+/kkjh dh rqyuk esa dkQh cM+h ¼2 bap½ gksrh gSaA 'kqrqjeqxZ izk;% >q¡M esa jgrs gSa vkSj izR;sd >q¡M esa ,d uj o 4&5 eknk,¡ gksrh gSaA 2&4 o"kZ dh vk;q esa ;s ifjiDo gks tkrs gSaA budk iztuu dky ekpZ&vizSy esa izkjEHk gksdj flrEcj rd pyrk gSA 60&70 o"kZ rd dh vk;q okys bu if{k;ksa dh eknk,¡ ,d iztuu dky esa vkSlru 60 vaMs nsrh gSaA izR;sd vaMk ihys&lQsn jax dk] yxHkx 1-5 fd0xzk0 ¼eqxhZ ds 24 vaMksa ds ot+u ds cjkcj½ o 1-4 fyVj vk;ru okyk gksrk gSA bls mckyus esa yxHkx 1 ?kaVk yx tkrk gSA eknk,¡ vius vaMksa dks 30&60 lsa0eh0 xgjs o 3 ehVj pkSM+s xÔksa esa j[krh gSaA ;s xïs uj cukrs gSaA detksj vaMksa dks R;kxus ij ,d xïs esa yxHkx 20 vaMs j[ks tkrs gSaA

vaMksa dks lsus dk dk;Z fnu esa eknkvksa

uksV % ys[k esa lanfHkZr ^fp=ksa* ds fy, d`i;k fiNys doj i`"B ds vUnj ns[ksaA

vkWfLVªp dh [kky ls cuk cSx

}kjk o jk=h esa uj }kjk fd;k tkrk gSA 35&45 fnu lsus ds ckn pwt+s fudyrs gSA izk;% uj }kjk pwt+ksa dh

vkWfLVªp Q+kfeZax

vk/kqfudrk ds ;qx esa LokLF; ds izfr tkx#drk c<+us ds dkj.k fofo/k Hkkstu #fp;k¡ viukbZ tkus yxh gSaA LokLF; dh n`f"V ls vk¡fLVªp ds ek¡l dks] 'kwU; olk izfr'kr] de dSyksjh o vYi dksysLVªksy] izksVhu o ykSg dh vf/kdrk okyk ekuk tkrk gSA fo'ks"k izdkj ds O;atuksa ds fodflr gks tkus ds dkj.k 'kqrqjeqxZ ds ek¡l dh ;wjksi] tkiku] vkLVªsfy;k o phu esa vR;f/kd ek¡x gksus yxh gSA ek¡l ds vfrfjDr] 'kqrqjeqxksaZa ls mPpdksfV ds ^ij*] olk&rsy] peM+k vkfn Hkh izkIr gksrs gSaA

^ijksa* dks izkIr djus ds fy, izFke laxfBr ^vkWfLVªp QkeZ*] nf{k.kk vÝhdk ds dk# o iwohZ dsi {ks= esa 1863 esa LFkkfir fd;k x;kA mlh dky esa mÙkjh o nf{k.kh vejhdk o vkLVªsfy;k esa Hkh ^vkWfLVªp QkfeZax* ds fy, mudk vk;kr fd;k x;kA 1881&1905 ds e/; cgqr ls i{kh vkLVªsfy;k ys tk;s x;sA ^vkWfLVªp QkfeZax* dh yksdfiz;rk bruh c<+h dh vkLVªsfy;k esa ,d ^vkLVªsfy;u vkWfLVªp la?k* dh LFkkiuk gqbZ] ftlds vkt yxHkx 4000 lnL; gS vkSj ftuds ikl dqy 70]000 i{kh gSaA blds vfrfjDr flaxkiqj] gk¡x&dk¡x] b.Mksusf'k;k] bt+jkbZy] ;w0,l0,0 o Ýk¡l es Hkh vkWfLVªp QkeZ gSaA

1991 esa mnkj vfFkZd uhfr;ksa dks viukus ds QyLo#i Hkkjr esa d`f"k dks dkQh izksRlkgu feyk gSA eqxhZ ikyu esa vk'kkrhr lQyrk,¡ fey tkus ij ^vk¡fLVªp&ikyu m|ksx* dh vikj laHkkouk,¡ Hkkjr esa Hkh mRié gksus yxh gSaA ;gk¡ fgeky;h; {ks=ksa

0ds 'kwU; o jktLFkku ds 45 ls Hkh vf/kd rkieku okys {ks=ksa esa ^vkWfLVªp QkeZ* LFkkfir fd;s tkus dh vkn'kZ ifjfLFkfr;k¡ miyC/k gSaA 25 Qjojh] 1997 dks caxyw# esa ^,MokaLM QwM VsDuksykWth ,oa vkWfLVªp QkfeZax* ij Hkkjr&Ýk¡l lg;ksx ls ,d laxks"Bh dk v;kstu fd;k x;kA ckn esa 3&4 uoEcj] 1997 dks] vkLVªsfy;k dh ,d dEiuh ds la;qDr rRoko/kku esa ^Xykscy vkWfLVªp ¼bf.M;k½ izkbZosV fyfeVsM* us ^vfLVªp QkfeZax ij ,d laxks"Bh o izn'kZuh* dk Hkh vk;kstu fd;kA ,sls dbZ vk;kstuksa ds QyLo#i cgqr ls d`"kd o O;olk;h vkWfLVªp&ikyu ds izfr vkdf"kZr gq,A dukZVd o rfeyukMw ljdkjksa us QkfeZax ds fy, cSadks ls _.k o ljdkjh Hkwfe miyC/k djkus dh igy dh gS] rkfd bl m|ksx dks ,d ykHkdkjh O;olk; ds #i esa viuk;k tk ldsA

^Qksje vkWu VsDuksykWth QkWj vkfLVªpst* ,d ,slh laLFkk LFkkfir gks pqdh gS] ftlds ek/;e ls vkWfLVªp&ikyu ds fy, fo'o&Lrjh; fopkj&foeZ'k fd;k tk lds vkSj rduhdh Kku izkIr gks ldsA 30&35 fd0xzk0 ek¡l] 1-40 oxZ ehVj peM+s o dksey ^ijksa* dks iznku djus okys ,d vkWfLVªp dh vkS|ksfxd mi;ksfxrk us vkWfLVªp QkfeZax ds mTtoy Hkfo"; dh LFkkiuk dj nh gSA

2- fj;k ;k vejhdu vkWfLVªp ¼fj;k vesfjdkuk½ ¼fp= 2½ % nf{k.k vejhdk esa ik;k tkus okyk ;g lcls cM+k i{kh yxHkx 1-5 ehVj Å¡pk ¼23&25 fd0xzk0½ gksrk gS vkSj blds fiNys iSj ds iatks esa 3 m¡xfy;k¡ gksrh gSaA blds flj o xnZu ij ^ij* gksrs gSa] ijUrq vÝhdh vkfLVªp dh rqyuk esa buds ^ij* T;knk lqanj ugha gksrs vkSj iw¡N ij Hkh ugha gksrsA buds ^ij* lysVh&Hkwjs jax ds gksrs gSaA izk;% uj dk jax eknk ls vf/kd xgjk gksrk gSA vtsZuVkbZuk esa lQsn ^ij* o uhyh vk¡[kksa okys i{kh ¼,sfYcuks½ Hkh fodflr gks x;sa gSaA pwt+ksa ij /kkfj;k¡ gksrh gSaA ifÙk;ksa] Qyksa o chtksa ij fuHkZj djus okys ;s i{kh fo"kSys rrS;ksa] e/kqefD[k;ksa] fcPNqvksa dks [kkus ds vfrfjDr pwgksa] liksZa] fNidfy;ksa o NksVs&NksVs if{k;ksa dks Hkh [kk ysrs gSaA dqN ek¡lkgkjh f'kdkjh ¼ogk¡ ik;s tkus okys tsxqvkj]

lqj{kk o mudks Hkkstu djuk fl[kk;k tkrk gSA

vkWfLVªp ds ek¡l] efgykvksa ds fy,

^ijksa* ls fufeZr ltkoV ds lkeku] [kky ls fufeZr peM+s dh mi;ksfxrk fo'o Hkj esa fl) gks pqdh gSA

taxyh dqÙks] vkekZfMyks uked tUrq½ budk f'kdkj djrs gSaA vxLr o tuojh ds e/; budk iztuu dky gksrk gSA uj dbZ eknkvksa ls lekxe djrs gSaA eknk,¡ Hkh Øekuqlkj ujksa ls lekxe djrh gSa] ftldk rkRi;Z ;g gS fd ,d uj ls lekxe ds ckn os ml uj ds lg;ksx ls vaMs nsrh gS] vkSj fQj vU; uj ds lkFk lekxe dj ;g izfØ;k nksgjkrh gSA ujksa }kjk vaMs j[kus ds fy, xÔs&uqek ?kksalys cuk, tkrs gSa vkSj lkewfgd #i ls dbZ eknkvksa }kjk muesa vaMs j[ks tkrs gSaA ,d ntZu ls Hkh vf/kd eknkvksa }kjk muesa 80 vaMs rd j[ks tk ldrs gSaA ,d ckj esa ,d eknk 5&10 vaMs ns nsrh gSA ^fj;k* }kjk fn;s x;s vaMs gjs &ihys ¼lw[kus ij ihys&lQsn½ o yxHkx 130×90 eh0eh0 ¼600 xzke½ gksrs gSaA vaMksa dks lsus dk le; 29&43 fnu gksrk gSA lHkh vaMs 36 ?kaVksa esa QwV

tkrs gSa vkSj pwts+ ckgj vkrs gSa] tks 14 eghuksa ckn ySafxd&ifjiDork izkIr dj iqu% viuh oa'k&ijEijk dk fuokZg djrs gSaA

;|fi 'kqrqjHkqxZ dh rqyuk esa buds ^ijksa* dh xq.koÙkk de gksrh gS] fQj Hkh buls >kM+u cuk;s tkrs gSaA mÙkjh vejhdk o ;wjksi esa ek¡l o vaMksa ds fy, budk lao/kZu fd;k tkrk gSA ^fj;k* ls izkIr rsy dks lkcqu o lkSUn;Z izlk/ku cukus esa iz;qDr fd;k tkrk gSA

60

foKku ifjppkZ o"kZ 2] vad 3 tuojh&ekpZ 2012

6120

viuk foKku Kku c<+kb,

^foKku ifjppkZ* ds fiNys vadks esa geus iz'ukoyh o ys[kksa ds ek/;e ls izd`fr dh vHkwriwoZ d`fr;ksa ls lEcaf/kd jkspd Kku dks lq/kh&ikBdksa ds le{k j[kus dk iz;kl fd;kA if=dk ¼o"kZ&1½ ds vad&2 esa geus yxHkx 57 ,sls if{k;ksa ds ckjs esa ys[k izLrqr fd;k Fkk] tks u tkus fdruh nwjh r; dj] vkdk'k esa mM+dj o vius ewy vkolksa dks NksM+ dj 'kjn dky esa Hkkjr o vU; lehiLFk {ks=ksa esa izokl gsrq vkrs gSaA vk'p;Z gS] tgk¡ ,d vksj ^mÙkjh /kzqoh; VuZ* uked i{kh viuh izoklh ;k=k esa 'khrdky ds le; ^nf{k.kh /kqzo* dh vksj] 200 fd0eh0 izfr fnu dh nj ls mM+ku Hkj dj yxHkx 18]000 fd0eh0 nwj igq¡p tkrk gS] vkSj xzh"e _rq vkus ij iqu% vius ewy vkokl ykSV vkrk gS( ogk¡ nwljh vksj if{k;ksa dh dqN tkfr;k¡ ,slh Hkh gSa] tks mM+ ugha ldrhA os ;k rks /kjrh ij jgrs gq, nkSM+rh gSa ;k ty esa rSjrh gSaA ,sls gh dqN ^u mM+us okys if{k;ksa* ls ikBdksa dk lk{kkRdkj] bl vad esa gksxkA

Þdhfo;ksa dks /kksuh ds /kqjanjksa us /kqukß------- bl izdkj ds lekpkj dh gsMykbZu lekpkj i=ksa ds [ksy lekpkjksa esa vkius vDlj i<+h gksxhA bl gsMykbZu esa iz;ksx fd;k x;k 'kCn ^dhoh* ml mM+kufoghu i{kh dk uke gS] tks U;wt+hySaM dk jk"Vªh; i{kh gSA mlh uke ls ogk¡ ds jgus okys iqdkjs tkrs gSaA

,Sls cgqr ls mM+kufoghu ¼¶ykbZVysl½ i{kh gSa tks fo'o ds dqN lhfer {ks=ksa esa gh ik;s tkrs gSa] tSl vkLVªsfy;k] U;wt+hySaM] vÝhdk] vjc o nf{k.k vesfjdkA

vkius fdlh ^fÝt+* ds foKkiu ds lkFk ,d i{kh dk fp= ns[kk gksxkA og i{kh Hkh mM+kufoghu gh gS] ijUrq og nf{k.kh /kzqo ds cQhZys leqnzh rVksa ij ty esa gh thou O;rhr djus okyk ^iSafXou* uked i{kh gSA rHkh rks] ^fÝt* ds foKkiu ds lkFk mldk fn[kk;k tkuk 'kwU; ls Hkh de rkiØe dks fn[kkus ;k vf/kd BaMk djus dk ladsr gksrk gSA

vaxzsth esa ,d dgkor gS] Þ,su vkWfLVªp LVedß ¼vFkkZr~ ^,d 'kqrqjeqxZ isV*½ ftldk vFkZ ;g gS] fd ,Slk isV tks lc dqN gt+e dj tk,A ¼bl eqgkojs dk iz;ksx 'kk;n ;w¡ dj ldrs gSa] ÞfpUrk u djks] bruk [kk ysus ds ckn Hkh rqEgkjk fe= chekj ugha gksxk] D;ksafd] ßgh gSt+ ,su vkWfLVªp LVedß½A ^vkWfLVªp* Hkh ,d mM+kufoghu vÝhdh@vjch i{kh gS] tks

i{kh fnol ¼5 tuojh½ ij fo'ks"k %

u mM+ ldus okys] i{kh!

nhikyh jk.kk

jksM+k] iRFkj] yksgk] lc&dqN fuxy ysrk gS] vkSj vius Hkkstu dks budh lgk;rk ls vius isV dh fo'ks"k jpuk] ^fxtkMZ*] esa ihlrk gSA lHkh mM+kufoghu i{kh Fky ij jgus okys if{k;ksa tSls gh gksrs gSa] ijUrq ;s lkekU;r% dkQh cM+s ¼2-5 ehVj ls Hkh vf/kd Å¡ps½ gksrs gSa vkSj buds vo'ks"kh ia[kks ¼foax½ ij jksa;sankj ^ij* ¼Qs+nj½ gksrs gSaA blh dkj.k ;s mM+ ugha ldrs vkSj viuh QqrhZyh nkSM+ ij gh viuh lqj{kk ds fy, fuHkZj jgrs gSaA jkspd rF; ;g gS fd fo'o ds ftu {ks=ksa esa ;s ik;s tkrs gSa ogk¡ ,d le; fcYyh o HksfM+;ksa tSls NksVs ;k cM+s ekalkgkjh tUrq ugha ik;s tkrs FksA 'kk;n mM+us okys iwoZtksa o mM+us ds cgqr ls vuwdwyuksa ds gksus ds ckotwn+ Hkh mUgksaus mM+kufoghu gksuk gh mfpr le>k D;ksafd Fky ij gh muds fy, Hkkstu dh izpqj ek=k miyC/k Fkh vkSj ogk¡ mudks fdlh ek¡lkgkjh dk [krjk ugha FkkA

vkb;s! dqN fofp= o mi;ksxh mM+kufoghu if{k;ksa dk ifjp; izkIr djsaA

1- 'kqrjHkqxZ ;k vÝhdh vkWfLVªp ¼LVwªfFk;ks dSesyl½ % ;g lcls cM+k ¼2-5 ehVj] 150 fd0xzk0½ i{kh vÝhdk o vjsfc;k ds 'kq"d {ks=ksa esa ik;k tkrk

0 0gS] o 2-0 ls0 ls 50 lsa0 rd ds rkiØe esa thfor jg ldrk gSA budh yEch Vk¡xs] tsczk o uhyxk;ksa tSlh rhoz

xfr ds fy, mi;qDr gksrh gSaA ;s 80 fd0eh0 izfr ?kaVk dh j¶rkj ls nkSM+ ldrs gSa] vkSj ,d Nyk¡x esa 8 ehVj ls Hkh vf/kd dwn tkrs gSaA buds iSjksa esa yEcsa iats okyh dsoy 2 gh m¡xfy;ksa gksrh gSaA pksap cM+h et+cwr gksrh gSA flj] xnZu o iSjksa ij fNrjs gq, ^Qs+nj* gksrs gSaA uj esa iw¡N o ia[kksa ds lQsn ijksa ds vfrfjDr lHkh ^ij* dkys gksrs gSa] tcdh eknk ds lHkh ^ij* Hkwjs gksrs gSaA budh vk[kksa dh Åijh iydksa ij lw;Z ds izdk'k ls cpus ds fy, jksa;sa gksrs gSa vkSj budh vk¡[ks fdlh Hkh Fkyh; jh<+/kkjh dh rqyuk esa dkQh cM+h ¼2 bap½ gksrh gSaA 'kqrqjeqxZ izk;% >q¡M esa jgrs gSa vkSj izR;sd >q¡M esa ,d uj o 4&5 eknk,¡ gksrh gSaA 2&4 o"kZ dh vk;q esa ;s ifjiDo gks tkrs gSaA budk iztuu dky ekpZ&vizSy esa izkjEHk gksdj flrEcj rd pyrk gSA 60&70 o"kZ rd dh vk;q okys bu if{k;ksa dh eknk,¡ ,d iztuu dky esa vkSlru 60 vaMs nsrh gSaA izR;sd vaMk ihys&lQsn jax dk] yxHkx 1-5 fd0xzk0 ¼eqxhZ ds 24 vaMksa ds ot+u ds cjkcj½ o 1-4 fyVj vk;ru okyk gksrk gSA bls mckyus esa yxHkx 1 ?kaVk yx tkrk gSA eknk,¡ vius vaMksa dks 30&60 lsa0eh0 xgjs o 3 ehVj pkSM+s xÔksa esa j[krh gSaA ;s xïs uj cukrs gSaA detksj vaMksa dks R;kxus ij ,d xïs esa yxHkx 20 vaMs j[ks tkrs gSaA

vaMksa dks lsus dk dk;Z fnu esa eknkvksa

uksV % ys[k esa lanfHkZr ^fp=ksa* ds fy, d`i;k fiNys doj i`"B ds vUnj ns[ksaA

vkWfLVªp dh [kky ls cuk cSx

}kjk o jk=h esa uj }kjk fd;k tkrk gSA 35&45 fnu lsus ds ckn pwt+s fudyrs gSA izk;% uj }kjk pwt+ksa dh

vkWfLVªp Q+kfeZax

vk/kqfudrk ds ;qx esa LokLF; ds izfr tkx#drk c<+us ds dkj.k fofo/k Hkkstu #fp;k¡ viukbZ tkus yxh gSaA LokLF; dh n`f"V ls vk¡fLVªp ds ek¡l dks] 'kwU; olk izfr'kr] de dSyksjh o vYi dksysLVªksy] izksVhu o ykSg dh vf/kdrk okyk ekuk tkrk gSA fo'ks"k izdkj ds O;atuksa ds fodflr gks tkus ds dkj.k 'kqrqjeqxZ ds ek¡l dh ;wjksi] tkiku] vkLVªsfy;k o phu esa vR;f/kd ek¡x gksus yxh gSA ek¡l ds vfrfjDr] 'kqrqjeqxksaZa ls mPpdksfV ds ^ij*] olk&rsy] peM+k vkfn Hkh izkIr gksrs gSaA

^ijksa* dks izkIr djus ds fy, izFke laxfBr ^vkWfLVªp QkeZ*] nf{k.kk vÝhdk ds dk# o iwohZ dsi {ks= esa 1863 esa LFkkfir fd;k x;kA mlh dky esa mÙkjh o nf{k.kh vejhdk o vkLVªsfy;k esa Hkh ^vkWfLVªp QkfeZax* ds fy, mudk vk;kr fd;k x;kA 1881&1905 ds e/; cgqr ls i{kh vkLVªsfy;k ys tk;s x;sA ^vkWfLVªp QkfeZax* dh yksdfiz;rk bruh c<+h dh vkLVªsfy;k esa ,d ^vkLVªsfy;u vkWfLVªp la?k* dh LFkkiuk gqbZ] ftlds vkt yxHkx 4000 lnL; gS vkSj ftuds ikl dqy 70]000 i{kh gSaA blds vfrfjDr flaxkiqj] gk¡x&dk¡x] b.Mksusf'k;k] bt+jkbZy] ;w0,l0,0 o Ýk¡l es Hkh vkWfLVªp QkeZ gSaA

1991 esa mnkj vfFkZd uhfr;ksa dks viukus ds QyLo#i Hkkjr esa d`f"k dks dkQh izksRlkgu feyk gSA eqxhZ ikyu esa vk'kkrhr lQyrk,¡ fey tkus ij ^vk¡fLVªp&ikyu m|ksx* dh vikj laHkkouk,¡ Hkkjr esa Hkh mRié gksus yxh gSaA ;gk¡ fgeky;h; {ks=ksa

0ds 'kwU; o jktLFkku ds 45 ls Hkh vf/kd rkieku okys {ks=ksa esa ^vkWfLVªp QkeZ* LFkkfir fd;s tkus dh vkn'kZ ifjfLFkfr;k¡ miyC/k gSaA 25 Qjojh] 1997 dks caxyw# esa ^,MokaLM QwM VsDuksykWth ,oa vkWfLVªp QkfeZax* ij Hkkjr&Ýk¡l lg;ksx ls ,d laxks"Bh dk v;kstu fd;k x;kA ckn esa 3&4 uoEcj] 1997 dks] vkLVªsfy;k dh ,d dEiuh ds la;qDr rRoko/kku esa ^Xykscy vkWfLVªp ¼bf.M;k½ izkbZosV fyfeVsM* us ^vfLVªp QkfeZax ij ,d laxks"Bh o izn'kZuh* dk Hkh vk;kstu fd;kA ,sls dbZ vk;kstuksa ds QyLo#i cgqr ls d`"kd o O;olk;h vkWfLVªp&ikyu ds izfr vkdf"kZr gq,A dukZVd o rfeyukMw ljdkjksa us QkfeZax ds fy, cSadks ls _.k o ljdkjh Hkwfe miyC/k djkus dh igy dh gS] rkfd bl m|ksx dks ,d ykHkdkjh O;olk; ds #i esa viuk;k tk ldsA

^Qksje vkWu VsDuksykWth QkWj vkfLVªpst* ,d ,slh laLFkk LFkkfir gks pqdh gS] ftlds ek/;e ls vkWfLVªp&ikyu ds fy, fo'o&Lrjh; fopkj&foeZ'k fd;k tk lds vkSj rduhdh Kku izkIr gks ldsA 30&35 fd0xzk0 ek¡l] 1-40 oxZ ehVj peM+s o dksey ^ijksa* dks iznku djus okys ,d vkWfLVªp dh vkS|ksfxd mi;ksfxrk us vkWfLVªp QkfeZax ds mTtoy Hkfo"; dh LFkkiuk dj nh gSA

2- fj;k ;k vejhdu vkWfLVªp ¼fj;k vesfjdkuk½ ¼fp= 2½ % nf{k.k vejhdk esa ik;k tkus okyk ;g lcls cM+k i{kh yxHkx 1-5 ehVj Å¡pk ¼23&25 fd0xzk0½ gksrk gS vkSj blds fiNys iSj ds iatks esa 3 m¡xfy;k¡ gksrh gSaA blds flj o xnZu ij ^ij* gksrs gSa] ijUrq vÝhdh vkfLVªp dh rqyuk esa buds ^ij* T;knk lqanj ugha gksrs vkSj iw¡N ij Hkh ugha gksrsA buds ^ij* lysVh&Hkwjs jax ds gksrs gSaA izk;% uj dk jax eknk ls vf/kd xgjk gksrk gSA vtsZuVkbZuk esa lQsn ^ij* o uhyh vk¡[kksa okys i{kh ¼,sfYcuks½ Hkh fodflr gks x;sa gSaA pwt+ksa ij /kkfj;k¡ gksrh gSaA ifÙk;ksa] Qyksa o chtksa ij fuHkZj djus okys ;s i{kh fo"kSys rrS;ksa] e/kqefD[k;ksa] fcPNqvksa dks [kkus ds vfrfjDr pwgksa] liksZa] fNidfy;ksa o NksVs&NksVs if{k;ksa dks Hkh [kk ysrs gSaA dqN ek¡lkgkjh f'kdkjh ¼ogk¡ ik;s tkus okys tsxqvkj]

lqj{kk o mudks Hkkstu djuk fl[kk;k tkrk gSA

vkWfLVªp ds ek¡l] efgykvksa ds fy,

^ijksa* ls fufeZr ltkoV ds lkeku] [kky ls fufeZr peM+s dh mi;ksfxrk fo'o Hkj esa fl) gks pqdh gSA

taxyh dqÙks] vkekZfMyks uked tUrq½ budk f'kdkj djrs gSaA vxLr o tuojh ds e/; budk iztuu dky gksrk gSA uj dbZ eknkvksa ls lekxe djrs gSaA eknk,¡ Hkh Øekuqlkj ujksa ls lekxe djrh gSa] ftldk rkRi;Z ;g gS fd ,d uj ls lekxe ds ckn os ml uj ds lg;ksx ls vaMs nsrh gS] vkSj fQj vU; uj ds lkFk lekxe dj ;g izfØ;k nksgjkrh gSA ujksa }kjk vaMs j[kus ds fy, xÔs&uqek ?kksalys cuk, tkrs gSa vkSj lkewfgd #i ls dbZ eknkvksa }kjk muesa vaMs j[ks tkrs gSaA ,d ntZu ls Hkh vf/kd eknkvksa }kjk muesa 80 vaMs rd j[ks tk ldrs gSaA ,d ckj esa ,d eknk 5&10 vaMs ns nsrh gSA ^fj;k* }kjk fn;s x;s vaMs gjs &ihys ¼lw[kus ij ihys&lQsn½ o yxHkx 130×90 eh0eh0 ¼600 xzke½ gksrs gSaA vaMksa dks lsus dk le; 29&43 fnu gksrk gSA lHkh vaMs 36 ?kaVksa esa QwV

tkrs gSa vkSj pwts+ ckgj vkrs gSa] tks 14 eghuksa ckn ySafxd&ifjiDork izkIr dj iqu% viuh oa'k&ijEijk dk fuokZg djrs gSaA

;|fi 'kqrqjHkqxZ dh rqyuk esa buds ^ijksa* dh xq.koÙkk de gksrh gS] fQj Hkh buls >kM+u cuk;s tkrs gSaA mÙkjh vejhdk o ;wjksi esa ek¡l o vaMksa ds fy, budk lao/kZu fd;k tkrk gSA ^fj;k* ls izkIr rsy dks lkcqu o lkSUn;Z izlk/ku cukus esa iz;qDr fd;k tkrk gSA

63

foKku ifjppkZ o"kZ 2] vad 3 tuojh&ekpZ 2012

62

if{k;ksa o vU; tUrqvksa dks laj{k.k! lEeku!!

li{kh fnol % ;g ,d vodk'kksa dk izrhd fnu gS] ftl fnu if{k;ksa dk mRlo euk;k tkrk gSA bl fnu dh LFkkiuk izFke ckj 1894 esa isuflYosfu;k ¼la;qDr jkT; vejhdk½ ds Ldwyksa ds v/kh{kd pkYlZ cscdksfdu us dh FkhA mudk fopkj Fkk fd if{k;ksa dk laj{k.k djuk ge lcdk uSfrd nkf;Ro gSA ;g fnol izfro"kZ 4 ebZ dks euk;k tkrk gSA

ljk"Vªh; i{kh fnol % la;qDr jkT; vejhdk o vU; ns'kksa ds fuoklh if{k;ksa dks ikyrw cukdj muds izfr gks jgs vR;kpkj o 'kks"k.k dh vksj /;ku vkdf"kZr djus ds fy,] vejhdk ds nks laxBuks] ¼ckWuZ Ýh ;w0,l0,0 ;wukbZVsM fon ,suhey izksVsD'ku bULVhV;wV rFkk ,sfo;u osyQs;j dksyh'ku½] us izfro"kZ 5 tuojh dks ^jk"Vªh; i{kh fnol* eukus dk vkg~oku fd;kA bl fnu yk[kksa yksx if{k;ksa dk v/;;u] if{k;ksa dks fugkjuk ¼cMZ okfpax½ o vU; ,Slh xfrfof/k;k¡ djrs gSa] ftuls if{k;ksa ds laj{k.k dh vksj /;ku dsfUnzr gksA ;wukbZVsM fdaxMe esa ^jk"Vªh; i{kh fnol* 22 tuojh dks euk;k tkrk gSA

lfo'o izoklh i{kh fnol % izoklh if{k;ksa ¼ekbZxzsVjh cMZl~½ o muds vkoklksa dh lqj{kk ds izfr tkx#drk & vfHk;ku dks 2006 esa izkjEHk fd;k x;kA la;qDr jkT; vejhdk o dukMk esa ;g fnol ebZ ekg ds f}rh; 'kuhokj dks] ySfVu vesfjdk esa vDVwcj ekg ds f}rh; 'kfuokj dks] dksyfEc;k esa vDVwcj ekg esa o dksLVkfjdk esa vizSy ekg esa euk;k tkrk gSA

lfo'o xkSjS;k fnol % gj ?kj ds vk¡xu esa pgpgkus okyh ^xkSjS;k* dk thou [krjs esa iM x;k gSA vk/kqfud vkoklksa] eksckbZy Vkoj&rjaxksa o vU; dkj.kksa ls ;g ^xkSjS;k* yqIr&izk;% gks xbZ gSA xkSjS;k ds laj{k.k ds fy, o"kZ 2010 ls ^fo'o xkSjS;k fnol* eukus dh ?kks"k.kk dh xbZ gSA ;g fnol izfro"kZ 20 ekpZ dks euk;k tkrk gSA lcls vis{kk dh tkrh gS fd os vius ?kj&vk¡xu esa ,sls ydM+h ds cDls yxk,¡ ftuesa xkSjS;k viuk vkJ; cuk ldsaA Nrksa ij vukt ds nkus Mkysa rkfd os iqu% vkids vkaxu dh vksj vkdf"kZr gks ldsaA

lfo'o tUrq fnol % lHkh izdkj ds tUrqvksa ds izfr lEeku o lja{k.k dh n`f"V ls i;kZoj.k&foKkfu;ksa ds ,d lEesyu esa] tks 1931 esa bVyh ds ¶yksjsal LFkku ij vk;ksftr fd;k x;k Fkk] ^fo'o tUrq fnol* eukus dh ?kks"k.kk dh xbZA ;g fnol izfro"kZ 4 vDVwcj dks euk;k tkrk gSA

3- bZew ¼Mªkses;l½ ¼fp= 3½ % ;g mM+kufoghu i{kh] vÝhdk ds 'kqrqjeqxZ ds ckn fo'o dk nwljk ¼yxHkx 2-0 ehVj o 18 ls 55 fd0xzk0½ o vkWLVªsfy;k dk lcls cM+k i{kh ,oa dk jk"Vªh; i{kh gSA ;g vkWLVªsfy;k dk lkaLd`frd izrhd & fpUg Hkh gSA lSdM+ksa LFkkuksa dk uke bu ij vk/kkfjr gS] ogk¡ dh /kkfeZd ppkZvksa esa budk lanHkZ vkrk gS] o 'kL=ksa ds vkoj.kksa] flDdksa vkfn ij budks fp=kafdr fd;k tkrk gSA Hkwjs ijksa okys ;s i{kh 50 fd0eh0 izfr ?kaVk dh nj ls nkSM+ ldrs gSa vkSj 2-75 ehVj rd dh Nyk¡x yxk ldrs gSaA ty esa Mqcdh yxkuk o rSjuk bUgsa cgqr ilan gSA ifÙk;ksa] Qyksa] chtksa ds vfrfjDr ;s dadM+] iRFkj] dk¡p ds VqdM+s] /kkrq ds VqdM+s Hkh [kk tkrs gSa] ftudh lgk;rk ls ;s ^fxtkMZ* ¼'kqrqjHkqxZ ds leku½ esa Hkkstu dks ihlrs gSaA uj o eknk nksuksa ,d leku yxrs gSa ijUrq vkokl ds vuqlkj buds ^ijksa* dk jax xgjk Hkh gks ldrk gSA budh vk¡[kksa ij ,d f>Yyh&uqek rhljh iyd Hkh gksrh gS] ftls vko';drk iM+us ij] vk¡[kksa ij

vkxs ls ihNs dh vksj p<+k;k tk ldrk gSA okLro esa /kwy Hkjs 'kq"d {ks=ksa esa /kwy ds dkj.kkssa ls] ;g f>Yyh vk¡[kksa dh lqj{kk djrh gSA ebZ&twu budk iztuu dky gksrk gSA ;s izfrfnu ;k gj nwljs fnu lekxe djrs gSa] vkSj nwljs ;k rhljs fnu ,d eknk vkSlru 11 ¼vf/kdre 20 eksVs dop okys] xgjs gjs jax ds vaMs ¼13-5×9-0fe0eh0( 700&900 xzke½ nsrh gSA tc eknk vaMs nsus yxrh gS rks uj mUgsa lsus dk dk;Z izkjEHk dj nsrk gSA og u [kkrk gS] u ihrk gS vkSj u gh ey&R;kx djrk gS]

cl dsoy fnu esa muds ikl gh jgrk gS] vkSj de ls de 10 ckj mUgsa iyVrk gSA jk=h esa gh og vaMksa ls nwj tkrk gS D;ksafd ^bZew* ds vaMksa ds f'kdkjh T;+knkrj jkf=pj ugha gksrsA ,d ckj ;fn uj vaMksa dh lqj{kk esa yx tkrk gS rks eknk vU; ujksa ds lkFk lekxe djds vkSj vf/kd vaMs nsrh gSA 60 fnu ds i'pkr~ vaMksa ls /kkjhnkj pwts ckgj vkrs gSaA ^bZew* dk thoudky 10 ls 20 o"kksZa rd gks ldrk gSA phy] ckt o taxyh dqÙks budk f'kdkj djrs ik;s x;s gSaA

bZew QkeZ bZew & vkLVªsfy;k dk jk"Vªh; izrhd fpUg

bZew QkfeZax

bZew fcfj;kuh] bZew dVysV] bZew ihTt+k vkfn ,lS s O;ta u g]aS tks Hkkjr ea s 'kh?kz gh vU; tUr&q mRiknka s ds leku ipz fyr gkus s okys gAaS ^beZ *w dks muds ekl¡ ] peMh+ o rys ds fy, vf/kd mi;kxs h ekuk x;k gAS buds ekl¡ dks de olk ¼1-5% ls Hkh de½ o de dkys Ls Vkª ys ¼85 fe0xkz 0 ifz r 100 xkz e½ ds dkj.k vf/kd ojh;rk nh tkus yxh gAS ;gh dkj.k gS fd 1987 ea s if'peh vkLVfsª y;k ea s O;kolkf;d nf"V ls beZ w dh QkfexaZ ikz jEHk gbq AZ blds vfrfjDr mÙkjh vejhdk] i#s ] phu vkfn n's kka s ea s ^beZ *w dk mRiknu O;kid Lrj ij fd;k tk jgk gAS vkt Hkkjr ea s xMq x+ ko¡ ] t;ijq ] iìq pw jS h] cxa y#w vkfn ea s beZ &w vk/kkfjr jLs Vkjs Vas J[a kyk ikz jEHk djus ds ;kts uk xfr idM+ jgh gAS

rkfeyukMq ds bjkMs ftys ea s ijs uq rjq kbZ ,d ,lS h NkVs h txg gS tgk¡ ij 28 ,lS h dEifu;k¡ ga S tks ^beZ *w ds ptw k+ a s dks d"kdka s ea sforfjr djus dk dk;Z djrh gAaS mUga s ifz rekg ,d ptw s + dks ikyu&s ikls us o cMk+ djus ds fy, 1000 #i;k fn;k tkrk gAS ^lqlh bZew QkeZ* uked ,d ,lS k ^Qke*Z gS ftls bjZ kMs + ftys ea s 5 o"kZ iow Z ikz jEHk fd;k x;k Fkk vkjS bldk ekfyd ,d cuq dj gkus s ds lkFk&lkFk bl vuk[s ks O;olk; ea s tVq x;k vkjS vkt og ,d vPNk beZ &w O;olk;h gAS mlus dNq le; iow Z cxa y#w &dkPs ph ekxZ ij ,d ,lS k jLs Vkjs Us V ikz jEHk fd;k tgka beZ w fcj;kuh] beZ w dVyVs ] beZ w ihTtk+ ] beZ &w Ýkb]Z beZ &w jkLs V tlS s O;ta u ipz fyr gks x;s vkjS cgrq ls O;olk;h bl vkjs vkdf"krZ gkus s yxs gAaS nks o"kZ ds ^beZ *w dh vueq kfur ykxr 21]000 gkrs h gS o budk ekl¡ 300&400#0 ifz r fd0xkz 0 fcdrk gAS dk,s EcVjw ea s ;g ,d vPNk O;olk; gkus s okyk gAS ohjIiu ds x<+ ^lR;exa ye* ea s 100 ,dM+ Hkfw e ij vkLVfsª y;k ds fo'k"s kKka s dh lgk;rk ls beZ w ds ekl¡ ] vMa k]s ijk]as uk[kuw ka s o [kky ls mRié mRiknka s dks cukus dh ;kts uk cukbZ xbZ gAS ^,f'k;u bZew Qke~Zl~* }kjk ,lS h vk|S kfs xd bdkb;Z k¡ 'kh?kz LFkkfir gkus s okyh ga S tgk¡ beZ w ds ekl¡ o vMa ka s l]s idkus o lknaS ;Z ilz k/ku cukus ds fy,] rys dk mRiknu fd;k tk;xs kA

O;olk;ka s dh deh ugha gAS cl vko';drk gS rks bekunkj] ifjJeh m|fe;ka s dhA mÙkjk[k.M ea s Hkh ;g O;olk; vlk/; ugha gAS

4- dSlksosjh ¼dStw,fj;l½ ¼fp= 4½ % ;g i{kh mÙkj&iwoZ vkWLVªsfy;k ds U;wxhfu;k o lehiLFk Vkiqvksa ds Å".k&dfVcU/k ouksa esa ik;k tkrk gSA iztuu dky dks NksM+dj ;s lHkh vdsys gh fopj.k djrs gSaA 'kqrqjeqxZ o bZew ds ckn ;g rhljk lcls Å¡pk ¼1-5&2-0 ehVj½ o nwljk lcls Hkkjh ¼58-5 fd0xzk0½ i{kh gSA lHkh dSlksosjh tkfr;k¡ 'kehZyh o jkf=pj gksrh gSaA o;Ldksa dk jax dkyk o pwt+ksa dk Hkwjk gksrk gSA buds ia[k dkQh NksVs o 'kjhj ls yVds ^ij* daVhys ¼lkgh tSls½ gksrs gSaA ia[k ¼vxyk iSj½ dh nwljh m¡xyh ij ,d uqdhyk iatk gksrk gSA fiNys iSjksa esa uqfdys iats okyh 3 m¡xfy;k¡ gksrh gSa] ftuesa ls nwljh ij 12-5 lsa0eh0 yEck] dVkj&uqek ,d ?kkrd iatk gksrk gS] ftldh lgk;rk ls ;s ekuo o vU; 'k=qvksa ij tkuysok geyk djrs gSaA dhfrZekuksa dh ^fxuht cqd* esa dSlksosjht+ dks fo'o dk lcls ?kkrd i{kh fy[kk x;k gSA

;s i{kh eq[;r% Qykgkjh gksrs gSa] ijUrq vko';drk iM+us ij iq"i] QQw¡n] ?kksa?ks] dhV] esa<d] i{kh] eNyh] pwgs vkfn Hkh [kk ysrs gSaA Fky ij jgdj 50 fd0eh0 izfr ?kaVk dh j¶rkj ls nkSM+us o 1-5 ehVj rd dh Nykax yxkus okys ;s

i{kh vPNs rSjkd Hkh gksrs gSa vkSj leqnz o cM+h&cM+h ufn;ksa esa rSj ldrs gSaA

lHkh mM+kufoghu thfor if{k;ksa ls ;s i{kh] vius flj ij lhax tSlh] dksey o Liath] yxHkx 18-0 lsa0eh0 mBh gqbZ lajpuk ¼ftls ^dSLd* dgk tkrk gS½ ds dkj.k] vklkuh ls igpkus tkrs gSaA ,Slk ekuk tkrk gS fd ;g lajpuk] ?kus taxyksa esa fopj.k djrs o 30 ehVj ls Hkh vf/kd Å¡pkbZ;ksa ls fxjus okys dBksj Qyksa ls budh lqj{kk djrh gSA dqN dk ekuuk gS] fd Hkkstu dh ryk'k djrs le; ;s ^dSLd* dh lgk;rk ls dwM+s&djdV dks b/kj&m/kj gVkrs gSa] vkSj dqN rks

;gk¡ rd ekurs gSa fd 'kk;n /ofu xzg.k djus ;k /ofu }kjk lEidZ LFkkfir djus esa Hkh budh Hkwfedk gSA

budk iztuu dky ebZ&twu esa gksrk gSA uj lkekU;r% 7 oxZ fdyksehVj rd vius lhekvksa dh lqj{kk djrs gSaA eknkvksa }kjk ,d ckj esa 3&8 cM+s ¼9-0&14-0 ls0eh0½] xgjs gjs ;k gjs&uhys vaMksa dks lw[kh ifÙk;ksa ds <sj esa j[kk tkrk gSA ujksa }kjk vaMksa dks 50&52 fnuksa rd ls;k tkrk gS] fQj yxHkx 9 ekg rd Hkwjh /kkjh okys pwt+ksa dh ns[kHkky o lqj{kk dh tkrh gSA dSlksosjht dk thou dky yxHkx 40&50 o"kZ dk gksrk gSA

dSlksosjh vkWfLVªp ds vUMksa ls ltkoV dh oLrq

63

foKku ifjppkZ o"kZ 2] vad 3 tuojh&ekpZ 2012

62

if{k;ksa o vU; tUrqvksa dks laj{k.k! lEeku!!

li{kh fnol % ;g ,d vodk'kksa dk izrhd fnu gS] ftl fnu if{k;ksa dk mRlo euk;k tkrk gSA bl fnu dh LFkkiuk izFke ckj 1894 esa isuflYosfu;k ¼la;qDr jkT; vejhdk½ ds Ldwyksa ds v/kh{kd pkYlZ cscdksfdu us dh FkhA mudk fopkj Fkk fd if{k;ksa dk laj{k.k djuk ge lcdk uSfrd nkf;Ro gSA ;g fnol izfro"kZ 4 ebZ dks euk;k tkrk gSA

ljk"Vªh; i{kh fnol % la;qDr jkT; vejhdk o vU; ns'kksa ds fuoklh if{k;ksa dks ikyrw cukdj muds izfr gks jgs vR;kpkj o 'kks"k.k dh vksj /;ku vkdf"kZr djus ds fy,] vejhdk ds nks laxBuks] ¼ckWuZ Ýh ;w0,l0,0 ;wukbZVsM fon ,suhey izksVsD'ku bULVhV;wV rFkk ,sfo;u osyQs;j dksyh'ku½] us izfro"kZ 5 tuojh dks ^jk"Vªh; i{kh fnol* eukus dk vkg~oku fd;kA bl fnu yk[kksa yksx if{k;ksa dk v/;;u] if{k;ksa dks fugkjuk ¼cMZ okfpax½ o vU; ,Slh xfrfof/k;k¡ djrs gSa] ftuls if{k;ksa ds laj{k.k dh vksj /;ku dsfUnzr gksA ;wukbZVsM fdaxMe esa ^jk"Vªh; i{kh fnol* 22 tuojh dks euk;k tkrk gSA

lfo'o izoklh i{kh fnol % izoklh if{k;ksa ¼ekbZxzsVjh cMZl~½ o muds vkoklksa dh lqj{kk ds izfr tkx#drk & vfHk;ku dks 2006 esa izkjEHk fd;k x;kA la;qDr jkT; vejhdk o dukMk esa ;g fnol ebZ ekg ds f}rh; 'kuhokj dks] ySfVu vesfjdk esa vDVwcj ekg ds f}rh; 'kfuokj dks] dksyfEc;k esa vDVwcj ekg esa o dksLVkfjdk esa vizSy ekg esa euk;k tkrk gSA

lfo'o xkSjS;k fnol % gj ?kj ds vk¡xu esa pgpgkus okyh ^xkSjS;k* dk thou [krjs esa iM x;k gSA vk/kqfud vkoklksa] eksckbZy Vkoj&rjaxksa o vU; dkj.kksa ls ;g ^xkSjS;k* yqIr&izk;% gks xbZ gSA xkSjS;k ds laj{k.k ds fy, o"kZ 2010 ls ^fo'o xkSjS;k fnol* eukus dh ?kks"k.kk dh xbZ gSA ;g fnol izfro"kZ 20 ekpZ dks euk;k tkrk gSA lcls vis{kk dh tkrh gS fd os vius ?kj&vk¡xu esa ,sls ydM+h ds cDls yxk,¡ ftuesa xkSjS;k viuk vkJ; cuk ldsaA Nrksa ij vukt ds nkus Mkysa rkfd os iqu% vkids vkaxu dh vksj vkdf"kZr gks ldsaA

lfo'o tUrq fnol % lHkh izdkj ds tUrqvksa ds izfr lEeku o lja{k.k dh n`f"V ls i;kZoj.k&foKkfu;ksa ds ,d lEesyu esa] tks 1931 esa bVyh ds ¶yksjsal LFkku ij vk;ksftr fd;k x;k Fkk] ^fo'o tUrq fnol* eukus dh ?kks"k.kk dh xbZA ;g fnol izfro"kZ 4 vDVwcj dks euk;k tkrk gSA

3- bZew ¼Mªkses;l½ ¼fp= 3½ % ;g mM+kufoghu i{kh] vÝhdk ds 'kqrqjeqxZ ds ckn fo'o dk nwljk ¼yxHkx 2-0 ehVj o 18 ls 55 fd0xzk0½ o vkWLVªsfy;k dk lcls cM+k i{kh ,oa dk jk"Vªh; i{kh gSA ;g vkWLVªsfy;k dk lkaLd`frd izrhd & fpUg Hkh gSA lSdM+ksa LFkkuksa dk uke bu ij vk/kkfjr gS] ogk¡ dh /kkfeZd ppkZvksa esa budk lanHkZ vkrk gS] o 'kL=ksa ds vkoj.kksa] flDdksa vkfn ij budks fp=kafdr fd;k tkrk gSA Hkwjs ijksa okys ;s i{kh 50 fd0eh0 izfr ?kaVk dh nj ls nkSM+ ldrs gSa vkSj 2-75 ehVj rd dh Nyk¡x yxk ldrs gSaA ty esa Mqcdh yxkuk o rSjuk bUgsa cgqr ilan gSA ifÙk;ksa] Qyksa] chtksa ds vfrfjDr ;s dadM+] iRFkj] dk¡p ds VqdM+s] /kkrq ds VqdM+s Hkh [kk tkrs gSa] ftudh lgk;rk ls ;s ^fxtkMZ* ¼'kqrqjHkqxZ ds leku½ esa Hkkstu dks ihlrs gSaA uj o eknk nksuksa ,d leku yxrs gSa ijUrq vkokl ds vuqlkj buds ^ijksa* dk jax xgjk Hkh gks ldrk gSA budh vk¡[kksa ij ,d f>Yyh&uqek rhljh iyd Hkh gksrh gS] ftls vko';drk iM+us ij] vk¡[kksa ij

vkxs ls ihNs dh vksj p<+k;k tk ldrk gSA okLro esa /kwy Hkjs 'kq"d {ks=ksa esa /kwy ds dkj.kkssa ls] ;g f>Yyh vk¡[kksa dh lqj{kk djrh gSA ebZ&twu budk iztuu dky gksrk gSA ;s izfrfnu ;k gj nwljs fnu lekxe djrs gSa] vkSj nwljs ;k rhljs fnu ,d eknk vkSlru 11 ¼vf/kdre 20 eksVs dop okys] xgjs gjs jax ds vaMs ¼13-5×9-0fe0eh0( 700&900 xzke½ nsrh gSA tc eknk vaMs nsus yxrh gS rks uj mUgsa lsus dk dk;Z izkjEHk dj nsrk gSA og u [kkrk gS] u ihrk gS vkSj u gh ey&R;kx djrk gS]

cl dsoy fnu esa muds ikl gh jgrk gS] vkSj de ls de 10 ckj mUgsa iyVrk gSA jk=h esa gh og vaMksa ls nwj tkrk gS D;ksafd ^bZew* ds vaMksa ds f'kdkjh T;+knkrj jkf=pj ugha gksrsA ,d ckj ;fn uj vaMksa dh lqj{kk esa yx tkrk gS rks eknk vU; ujksa ds lkFk lekxe djds vkSj vf/kd vaMs nsrh gSA 60 fnu ds i'pkr~ vaMksa ls /kkjhnkj pwts ckgj vkrs gSaA ^bZew* dk thoudky 10 ls 20 o"kksZa rd gks ldrk gSA phy] ckt o taxyh dqÙks budk f'kdkj djrs ik;s x;s gSaA

bZew QkeZ bZew & vkLVªsfy;k dk jk"Vªh; izrhd fpUg

bZew QkfeZax

bZew fcfj;kuh] bZew dVysV] bZew ihTt+k vkfn ,lS s O;ta u g]aS tks Hkkjr ea s 'kh?kz gh vU; tUr&q mRiknka s ds leku ipz fyr gkus s okys gAaS ^beZ *w dks muds ekl¡ ] peMh+ o rys ds fy, vf/kd mi;kxs h ekuk x;k gAS buds ekl¡ dks de olk ¼1-5% ls Hkh de½ o de dkys Ls Vkª ys ¼85 fe0xkz 0 ifz r 100 xkz e½ ds dkj.k vf/kd ojh;rk nh tkus yxh gAS ;gh dkj.k gS fd 1987 ea s if'peh vkLVfsª y;k ea s O;kolkf;d nf"V ls beZ w dh QkfexaZ ikz jEHk gbq AZ blds vfrfjDr mÙkjh vejhdk] i#s ] phu vkfn n's kka s ea s ^beZ *w dk mRiknu O;kid Lrj ij fd;k tk jgk gAS vkt Hkkjr ea s xMq x+ ko¡ ] t;ijq ] iìq pw jS h] cxa y#w vkfn ea s beZ &w vk/kkfjr jLs Vkjs Vas J[a kyk ikz jEHk djus ds ;kts uk xfr idM+ jgh gAS

rkfeyukMq ds bjkMs ftys ea s ijs uq rjq kbZ ,d ,lS h NkVs h txg gS tgk¡ ij 28 ,lS h dEifu;k¡ ga S tks ^beZ *w ds ptw k+ a s dks d"kdka s ea sforfjr djus dk dk;Z djrh gAaS mUga s ifz rekg ,d ptw s + dks ikyu&s ikls us o cMk+ djus ds fy, 1000 #i;k fn;k tkrk gAS ^lqlh bZew QkeZ* uked ,d ,lS k ^Qke*Z gS ftls bjZ kMs + ftys ea s 5 o"kZ iow Z ikz jEHk fd;k x;k Fkk vkjS bldk ekfyd ,d cuq dj gkus s ds lkFk&lkFk bl vuk[s ks O;olk; ea s tVq x;k vkjS vkt og ,d vPNk beZ &w O;olk;h gAS mlus dNq le; iow Z cxa y#w &dkPs ph ekxZ ij ,d ,lS k jLs Vkjs Us V ikz jEHk fd;k tgka beZ w fcj;kuh] beZ w dVyVs ] beZ w ihTtk+ ] beZ &w Ýkb]Z beZ &w jkLs V tlS s O;ta u ipz fyr gks x;s vkjS cgrq ls O;olk;h bl vkjs vkdf"krZ gkus s yxs gAaS nks o"kZ ds ^beZ *w dh vueq kfur ykxr 21]000 gkrs h gS o budk ekl¡ 300&400#0 ifz r fd0xkz 0 fcdrk gAS dk,s EcVjw ea s ;g ,d vPNk O;olk; gkus s okyk gAS ohjIiu ds x<+ ^lR;exa ye* ea s 100 ,dM+ Hkfw e ij vkLVfsª y;k ds fo'k"s kKka s dh lgk;rk ls beZ w ds ekl¡ ] vMa k]s ijk]as uk[kuw ka s o [kky ls mRié mRiknka s dks cukus dh ;kts uk cukbZ xbZ gAS ^,f'k;u bZew Qke~Zl~* }kjk ,lS h vk|S kfs xd bdkb;Z k¡ 'kh?kz LFkkfir gkus s okyh ga S tgk¡ beZ w ds ekl¡ o vMa ka s l]s idkus o lknaS ;Z ilz k/ku cukus ds fy,] rys dk mRiknu fd;k tk;xs kA

O;olk;ka s dh deh ugha gAS cl vko';drk gS rks bekunkj] ifjJeh m|fe;ka s dhA mÙkjk[k.M ea s Hkh ;g O;olk; vlk/; ugha gAS

4- dSlksosjh ¼dStw,fj;l½ ¼fp= 4½ % ;g i{kh mÙkj&iwoZ vkWLVªsfy;k ds U;wxhfu;k o lehiLFk Vkiqvksa ds Å".k&dfVcU/k ouksa esa ik;k tkrk gSA iztuu dky dks NksM+dj ;s lHkh vdsys gh fopj.k djrs gSaA 'kqrqjeqxZ o bZew ds ckn ;g rhljk lcls Å¡pk ¼1-5&2-0 ehVj½ o nwljk lcls Hkkjh ¼58-5 fd0xzk0½ i{kh gSA lHkh dSlksosjh tkfr;k¡ 'kehZyh o jkf=pj gksrh gSaA o;Ldksa dk jax dkyk o pwt+ksa dk Hkwjk gksrk gSA buds ia[k dkQh NksVs o 'kjhj ls yVds ^ij* daVhys ¼lkgh tSls½ gksrs gSaA ia[k ¼vxyk iSj½ dh nwljh m¡xyh ij ,d uqdhyk iatk gksrk gSA fiNys iSjksa esa uqfdys iats okyh 3 m¡xfy;k¡ gksrh gSa] ftuesa ls nwljh ij 12-5 lsa0eh0 yEck] dVkj&uqek ,d ?kkrd iatk gksrk gS] ftldh lgk;rk ls ;s ekuo o vU; 'k=qvksa ij tkuysok geyk djrs gSaA dhfrZekuksa dh ^fxuht cqd* esa dSlksosjht+ dks fo'o dk lcls ?kkrd i{kh fy[kk x;k gSA

;s i{kh eq[;r% Qykgkjh gksrs gSa] ijUrq vko';drk iM+us ij iq"i] QQw¡n] ?kksa?ks] dhV] esa<d] i{kh] eNyh] pwgs vkfn Hkh [kk ysrs gSaA Fky ij jgdj 50 fd0eh0 izfr ?kaVk dh j¶rkj ls nkSM+us o 1-5 ehVj rd dh Nykax yxkus okys ;s

i{kh vPNs rSjkd Hkh gksrs gSa vkSj leqnz o cM+h&cM+h ufn;ksa esa rSj ldrs gSaA

lHkh mM+kufoghu thfor if{k;ksa ls ;s i{kh] vius flj ij lhax tSlh] dksey o Liath] yxHkx 18-0 lsa0eh0 mBh gqbZ lajpuk ¼ftls ^dSLd* dgk tkrk gS½ ds dkj.k] vklkuh ls igpkus tkrs gSaA ,Slk ekuk tkrk gS fd ;g lajpuk] ?kus taxyksa esa fopj.k djrs o 30 ehVj ls Hkh vf/kd Å¡pkbZ;ksa ls fxjus okys dBksj Qyksa ls budh lqj{kk djrh gSA dqN dk ekuuk gS] fd Hkkstu dh ryk'k djrs le; ;s ^dSLd* dh lgk;rk ls dwM+s&djdV dks b/kj&m/kj gVkrs gSa] vkSj dqN rks

;gk¡ rd ekurs gSa fd 'kk;n /ofu xzg.k djus ;k /ofu }kjk lEidZ LFkkfir djus esa Hkh budh Hkwfedk gSA

budk iztuu dky ebZ&twu esa gksrk gSA uj lkekU;r% 7 oxZ fdyksehVj rd vius lhekvksa dh lqj{kk djrs gSaA eknkvksa }kjk ,d ckj esa 3&8 cM+s ¼9-0&14-0 ls0eh0½] xgjs gjs ;k gjs&uhys vaMksa dks lw[kh ifÙk;ksa ds <sj esa j[kk tkrk gSA ujksa }kjk vaMksa dks 50&52 fnuksa rd ls;k tkrk gS] fQj yxHkx 9 ekg rd Hkwjh /kkjh okys pwt+ksa dh ns[kHkky o lqj{kk dh tkrh gSA dSlksosjht dk thou dky yxHkx 40&50 o"kZ dk gksrk gSA

dSlksosjh vkWfLVªp ds vUMksa ls ltkoV dh oLrq

64

foKku ifjppkZ o"kZ 2] vad 3 tuojh&ekpZ 2012

7- isafXou ¼,iVsuksMkbZV~l] LQsfuLdl vkfn½ ¼fp= 7½ % oxhZdj.k ds vk/kkj ij ;s mM+kufoghu i{kh Åij fy[ks x;s 6 if{k;ksa ls fHké lewg ds gSa] ijUrq mM+kufoghu gSa] blfy, budk lanHkZ ;gk¡ fy;k x;k gSA ^dsYohusVj fÝt* ds foKkiu ds lkFk dkQh fnuksa rd ,d i{kh n'kkZ;k tkrk FkkA og isafXou i{kh gh gS] tks nf{k.kh /kqzo ij cQhZys] leqnzh okrkoj.k esa jgrk gSA oSls bu if{k;ksa dh yxHkx 20 tkfr;k¡ nf{k.kh xksyk/kZ esa ik;h tkrh gSa] ftuesa lcls cM+h ¼1-1 ehVj( 35 fd0xzk0½ tkfr ¼,Eijj isafXou½ nf{k.kh /kzqo ds BaMs {ks=ksa esa o lcls NksVh ¼40 lsa0eh0( 1-0 fd0xzk0½ tkfr ¼Qs;jh isafXou½ le'khrks".k ;k Å".k dfVcU/k {ks=ksa esa ik;h tkrh gSaA

iw.kZr% ty esa rSjus ds fy, vuqdwfyr bu if{k;ksa ds 'kjhj dh ihB ij dkys o uhps lQsn ^ijksa* dk vkoj.k gksrk gS vkSj buds ia[k ty esa rSjus ds fy, ^pIiw* tSls ¼¶yhIij leku½ gksrs gSaA ty esa rSjrs gq, ;s eq[;r% >haxksa] eNfy;ksa o lhfi;ksa dks [kkrs gSaA xksrk yxkdj thou O;rhr djus okys bu fofp= if{k;ksa dh xfr 6 ls 27 fd0eh0 izfr ?kaVk o ,Eijj isafXou dh xksrk yxkus dh xgjkbZ 556 ehVj rd gks ldrh gSA ;s vius tkyhnkj fiNys iSjksa ij pyrs gSa ;k dHkh&dHkh cQZ ij vius mnj ds lgkjs fQlyrs ¼Vkscksxsfuax xfr½ gSaA Å¡ph pêkuksa dks ikj djus ds fy, ;s vius fiNys iSjksa ij mNyrs Hkh gSaA leqnzh ty ih ysus ds ckn 'kjhj esa ,d= vf/kd yo.k dh ek=k dks ;s vius uklk }kjksa ls ckgj L=kfor djrs jgrs gSaA

3 ls 8 o"kZ dh vk;q esa ;s ifjiDo gksrs gSa o vf/kdk¡'k tkfr;ksa dk iztuu dky olUr ls xzh"e _rq ds e/; gksrk gSA nf{k.kh /kzqo ds ,Eijj isafXou okf"kZd #i ls ogk¡ dh 'kjn~ _rq

0 ¼twu@vxLr½ esa 'kwU; ls 60 lsfYl;l uhps] 200 fd0eh0 xfr ls pyus okyh cQhZyh gokvksa o va/kdkj&iw.kZ i;kZoj.kh; ifjfLFk;ksa esa iztuu djrs gSaA dqN oSKkfudksa dk ekuuk gS fd ;s nf{k.kk&/kqzoh; isafXou 'kk;n brus dBksj

i;kZoj.k esa blfy, iztuu djrs gSa fd 5 eghus ckn ¼tuojh&Qjojh½ tc ogk¡ dh xzh"e _rq vkrh gS rks muds pwt+s vkRefuHkZj gks pqds gksrs gSaA fHké&fHké tkfr;ksa esa izse&izlax ¼dksVZf'ki½ fof/k vyx&vyx gksrh gSA vf/kdk¡'k tkfr;k¡ ^eksuksxSel* ¼,d uj] ,d eknk½ gksrh gSa] ijUrq mi;qDr lkFkh dk p;u eknk gh djrh gSA xqQkvksa] pêkuksa] pêkuksa ds chp njkjksa] ?kkfV;ksa] cQhZys leqnzh rVksa] rVh; o"kkZ ouksa] ?kuh >kfM+;ksa vkfn fofo/k LFkkuksa ij vaMs nsus ds lqjf{kr LFkku ¼?kksalys½ [kksts tkrs gSaA ,Eijj ,oa fdax isafXou }kjk fdlh izdkj dk ?kksalyk ugha cuk;k tkrk] cfYd os ,d vaMs dks vius iatksa o mnj dh <hyh Ropk ds chp j[kdj lsrs gSa ¼fp= 6½A vaMksa dk jax uhys&lQsn ls gjk o vkd`fr xksykdkj ls uk'kikrh ds vkdkj dh gksrh gSA vaMksa dh eki ¼5-5&8-6 ;k 11-0&12-7 lsa0eh0 yEcs½ o Hkkj ¼61&154 ;k 345&515 xzke½ esa Hkh dkQh fHkérk gksrh gSA vaMs lsus dk dk;Z ¼yxHkx 2 ekg½ uj djrs gSa vkSj tqykbZ&vxLr esa pwt+s ckgj vk tkrs gSaA

8- MksMks ¼jsQl½ ¼fp= 8½ % le; ds vUrjky esa cgqr ls i{kh bl i`Foh ij thfor jgs vkSj fQj os foyqIr gks x;sA ^MksMks* uked mM+kufoghu i{kh fgan egklkxj ds eksjsf'k;l uked Vkiw ij ik;k tkrk FkkA okLro esa ;g i{kh ewyr% dcwrj tkfr;ksa dk fudV lEca/kh Fkk] ijUrq Hkkstu dh vf/kdrk o f'kdkfj;ksa dh vuqifLFkfr ds dkj.k buds mM+us dh {kerk lekIr gks xbZA ;s yxHkx 1 ehVj Å¡ps o 20 fd0xzk0 Hkkj okys FksA miyC/k izek.kksa ds vuqlkj Mp lSfudksa us bUgsa loZizFke 1598 esa ns[kk vkSj 1681 rd lSfudksa o muds ikyrw tkuojksa us budk f'kdkj dj bUgsa lekIr dj fn;kA budh 'kkjhfjd jpuk ds ckjs esa tks Hkh fooj.k feyrs gSa os 17oha 'krkCnh ds fp=ksa ;k fyf[kr m}j.kksa ls feyrs gSaA bu if{k;ksa ds 'kjhj ij lysVh&Hkwjs ^ij* Fks] iw¡N ij gYds jax ds ^ijksa* dk xqPNk gksrk Fkk]

flj lysVh o uXu Fkk] pksap gjh&dkyh&ihyh Fkh o Vk¡xs et+cwr]

ihyh vkSj dkys iatksa okyh FkhA ia[kksa ds LFkku ij 3&4 cM+s] dkys ^ij* fudys jgrs FksA Qyksa ij fuokZg djus okys ;s i{kh /kjrh ij ?kkl&Qwl dk ?kksalyk cukrs Fks vkSj dsoy ,d ckj esa ,d vaMk nsrs FksA

^MksMks* ds yqIr gksus dh cgqr lh izpfyr] jkspd dgkfu;ksa o rF;ksa us izekf.kr djus dk iz;kl fd;k gS fd fdl izdkj ,d tUrq foyqIr gks tkrk gS] vkSj ^MksMks* ds foyqfIrdj.k eas rks euq"; ds gLr{ksi dk cM+k ;ksxnku jgkA vkt eksjsf'k;l esa ^MksMks* dk viuk lkaLd`frd egRo gSA og ogk¡ dk jk"Vªh; izrhd gS vkSj ogk¡ ls tkjh Mkd fVdVksa vkfn ij mls fp=kafdr fd;k x;k gSA lkfgR; esa rks dqN eqgkojs] tSl ^e`r ,Slk fd] tSls MksMks* ¼MSM ,t+ , MksMks½] mi;ksx esa yk;s x;s] ftldk rkRi;Z ;g Fkk fd veqd O;fDr dh ^e`R;q esa rks dksbZ la'k; gh ugha gSA* ^Vw xks n os vkWQ nh MksMks* ¼^MksMks ds jkLrs ij py iM+uk*½ ,d vU; eqgkojk Fkk] ftldk vFkZ Fkk&foyqIr gks tkuk] fdlh oLrq dk fu;fer vH;kl ;k mi;ksx ls nwj gks tkuk vFkkZr og oLrq tks fdlh le; egRo dh FkhA ;s lHkh bl ckr dks izekf.kr djrs gSa fd ml i{kh dk fouk'k@ foyqIrhdj.k vlkef;d FkkA okLro esa ^MksMks* 'kCn] Mp Hkk"kk esa iz;qDr gksus okys 'kCn ^MwM* ls cuk gS] ftldk vFkZ gksrk gS] ^e`r*A

'kks/k Nk=k]tUrq foKku foHkkx]

Mh0ch0,l0 ¼ih&th½ dkyst] nsgjknwu

MksMks & ek¡fj'kl dk jk"Vªh; izrhd fpUg

65

5- dhoh ¼,iVsfjDl½ ¼fp= 5½ % ?kjsyw eqfxZ;ksa ds eki ¼45ls0eh0( 1-3&4-5 fd0xzk0½ ds U;wt+hySaM fuoklh] ogk¡ ds ;s jk"Vªh; i{kh lHkh mM+kufoghu if{k;ksa esa lcls NksVs gksrs gSa vkSj vius 'kjhj ds vuqikr dh rqyuk esa] fo'o ds vU; if{k;ksa ds lkis{k lcls cM+s vaMs nsrs gSaA

1886 o 1887 esa Øe'k% bu if{k;ksa dks jk"Vªh; izrhd&fpUg ds #i esa nf{k.kh dsUVjcjh cVkfy;u o gsfLVaXl jkbZQy okWyUVh;j lsukvksa ds fcYyksa ¼cStst+½ ij vafdr fd;k x;k FkkA 1906 esa tc vesfjdk o fczVsu esa ^dhoh 'kw ikWfy'k* dk O;kikj gqvk rks ;g izrhd fpUg vkSj Hkh izpfyr gks x;kA izFke fo'o ;q) ds le; U;wt+hySaM ds lSfudksa dks ^dhoh* uke ls tkuk tkus yxkA ;gh dkj.k gS fd vius ns'k esa o fons'kksa esa U;wt+hySaM okfl;ksa dks ^dhoh* dgdj iqdkjk tkrk gSA

13oha 'krkCnh esa tc euq"; us U;wt+hySaM dh /kjrh ij dne j[kk rc ogk¡ ds LFkk;h Lru/kkjh fuoklh dsoy 3 izdkj dh pexknM+ tkfr;k¡ gh FkhaA euq"; }kjk vU; Lru/kkjh tSls dqÙks] fcfYy;k¡] ?kksM+sa ogk¡ ys tk;s x;sA ogk¡ euq"; dh ^ekvksjh* uked tu&tkfr;ksa us ^dhoh* i{kh dks dkQh gkfu igq¡pkbZA ek¡l] v.Mksa o ^ijksa* ds fy, mudk bruk f'kdkj fd;k x;k fd ^dhoh* dk vfLrRo gh [k+rjs esa iM+ x;kA ^dhoh* 'kCn Hkh ekvksjh Hkk"kk ls gh fy;k x;k gSA

;s i{kh 'kehZys o jkf=pj gksrs gSaA 'kjhj ij yky ;k lysVh&Hkwjs jax ds cky&leku ^ij* gksrs gSaA xnZu ij NksVk flj o NksVh vk¡[ksa gksrh gSaA LVhy dh NksVh ryokj tSlh eqM+h gqbZ budh yEch pksap ds fljksa ij uklkfNnz gksus ds dkj.k budh lw¡?kus dh 'kfDr vf/kd rhoz gksrh gS ¼vU; lHkh if{k;ksa esa ukd ds fNnz pksap ds vk/kkj ij gksrs gSaA½ blh dkj.k ;s feêh esa fNis dhVksa o d`fe;ksa dks fcuk mUgsa ns[ks [kkst ysrs gSaA NksVs&eksVs dhM+s&edksM+ksa ds vfrfjDr ;s Qy] NksVs >haxksa] esa<+dkas vkfn dk Hkh Hk{k.k djrs

gSaA fnu ds le; lqajxksa esa foJke dj] ;s jkf= esa gh ckgj fudy dj vius Hkkstu dh ryk'k djrs gSaA uj dh rqyuk esa eknk,¡ cM+h gksrh gSaA

budk iztuu dky twu ls ekpZ rd gksrk gSA ^dhoh* vR;f/kd {ks=j{k.kdkjh ¼VsjhVksfj;y½ gksrs gSaA ujksa esa {ks=j{k.k dks ysdj la?k"kZ Hkh gksrk gSA bl la?k"kZ esa os ,d nwljs dks ekj Hkh Mkyrs gSaA 100 gsDVs;j ls Hkh vf/kd budh lhek,¡ gksrh gSaA ,d uj] ,d eknk ds lkFk gh jgrk gSA ,d ckj tksM+k cu tkus ij os thou i;ZUr ,d lkFk jgrs gSaA 18 eghus dh vk;q ij uj ifjiDo gksrs gSaA eknkvksa ds nksuks v.Mk'k; ¼vksojh½ lfØ; gksrs gSa ¼vU; lHkh if{k;ksa esa dsoy ckbZa vksojh gh lfØ; gksrh gS½ vkSj ;fn ,d iztuu dky esa ,d ls vf/kd vaMs fn;s tkrs gSa rks ;g dk;Z ,dkUrj Øe esa nksuks v.Mk'k;ksa ls gksrk gSA izFke ckj ,d eknk 3&5 o"kZ dh vk;q gksus ij vaMs nsrh gSA xHkZorh eknk dhoh ds vaMs muds 'kjhj ds Hkkj dk 15&20 izfr'kr gksrs gSa] vkSj tc lkis{k #i ls bruk cM+k vaMk ¼120 fe0eh0 yEck o 80 fe0eh0 O;kl½ muds 'kjhj esa gksrk gS rks mudk mnj Hkkx bruk QSy tkrk gS fd t+ehu Nwus yxrk gSA bl d"Vdkjh le; esa vkjke ikus ds fy,

^dhoh* dHkh&dHkh vius mnj Hkkx dks BaMs ikuh ij fVdk nsrh gSA vaMk fn;s tkus ls iwoZ og 'kjhj dk bruk LFkku ?ksjs jgrk gS fd isV esa Hkkstu j[kus esa Hkh dfBukbZ gksrh gSA ;gh dkj.k gS fd vaMs nsus ls 2&3 fnu iwoZ eknk dhoh Hkkstu ugha dj ldrhA vaMk ns nsus ds i'pkr~ eknk rqjar lqjax dks NksM+ nsrh gS vkSj uj }kjk vaMs dks lsus dk nk;hRo ys fy;k tkrk gSA yxHkx 2&3 eghus esa pwt+s ckgj vkrs gSaA D;ksafd

pwt+ksa dk vkdkj cM+k gksrk gS] os dsoy 3 lIrkg rd ek¡&cki ds lkFk jg ldrs gSaA rRi'pkr~ mUgsa /kdsy dj lqjax ls ckgj dj fn;k tkrk gSA

6- fVusew ¼fVusel½ ¼fp= 6½% Hkkjrh; ^rhrj* tSls ;s i{kh mM+kufoghu if{k;ksa ds lcls iqjkru lEca/kh gSa tks e/; o nf{k.kh vesfjdk esa ik;s tkrs gSaA lysVh&Hkwjs] yEcs&irys] xBhys 'kjhj ij NksVk lk flj o yEch] iryh] uhps dks eqM+h pksap gksrh gSA budh yxHkx 47 tkfr;ksa esa lcls NksVh 20 lsa0eh0 ¼43 xzke½ o lcls cM+h 53 lsa0eh0 ¼2-3 fd0xzk0½ rd gksrh gSaA buds ia[k NksVs gksrs gSa] ijUrq vU; mM+kufoghu if{k;ksa ds rqyuk esa ;s dqN mM+ku Hkj ysrs gSaA okLro esa bUgsa rst+ nkSM+us okyk ekuk tkrk gSA Hkkstu izkIr djus ds fy, ;s 10 lsa0eh0 rd mNy ldrs gSaA budk Hkkstu eq[;r% ,sls NksVs&NksVs Qy o cht gksrs gSa tks [kklrkSj ls uhps iM+s gksrs gSa ;k ikS/kksa ij /kjrh ds lehi yxs gksrs gSaA blds vfrfjDr ;s viuh pksap dh lgk;rk ls dwM+s&djdV dks b/kj&m/kj dj] ;k 2&3 lsa0eh0 feêh dh xgjkbZ ls dfy;ksa] dksey tM+ksa o ifÙk;ksa] dhVksa o muds ykoksZa] d`fe;ksa] ?kksa?kksa vkfn dks Hkh [kk ysrs gSA ,d uj dbZ eknkvksa ;k ,d eknk dbZ ujksa ds lkFk jgrs gSaA ?kkl&Qwl] ifÙk;ksa o >kfM+;ksa dh chp ;s cgqr ls ¼1 ls 12½] pVdhyh jaxksa o phuh feêh ds cjruksa tSlh ped okys vaMs ¼fp= 6½ nsrs gSaA uj }kjk vaMs ls;s tkrs gSaA

dhoh & U;wt+hySaM dk jk"Vªh; izrhd fpUg

fVusew

64

foKku ifjppkZ o"kZ 2] vad 3 tuojh&ekpZ 2012

7- isafXou ¼,iVsuksMkbZV~l] LQsfuLdl vkfn½ ¼fp= 7½ % oxhZdj.k ds vk/kkj ij ;s mM+kufoghu i{kh Åij fy[ks x;s 6 if{k;ksa ls fHké lewg ds gSa] ijUrq mM+kufoghu gSa] blfy, budk lanHkZ ;gk¡ fy;k x;k gSA ^dsYohusVj fÝt* ds foKkiu ds lkFk dkQh fnuksa rd ,d i{kh n'kkZ;k tkrk FkkA og isafXou i{kh gh gS] tks nf{k.kh /kqzo ij cQhZys] leqnzh okrkoj.k esa jgrk gSA oSls bu if{k;ksa dh yxHkx 20 tkfr;k¡ nf{k.kh xksyk/kZ esa ik;h tkrh gSa] ftuesa lcls cM+h ¼1-1 ehVj( 35 fd0xzk0½ tkfr ¼,Eijj isafXou½ nf{k.kh /kzqo ds BaMs {ks=ksa esa o lcls NksVh ¼40 lsa0eh0( 1-0 fd0xzk0½ tkfr ¼Qs;jh isafXou½ le'khrks".k ;k Å".k dfVcU/k {ks=ksa esa ik;h tkrh gSaA

iw.kZr% ty esa rSjus ds fy, vuqdwfyr bu if{k;ksa ds 'kjhj dh ihB ij dkys o uhps lQsn ^ijksa* dk vkoj.k gksrk gS vkSj buds ia[k ty esa rSjus ds fy, ^pIiw* tSls ¼¶yhIij leku½ gksrs gSaA ty esa rSjrs gq, ;s eq[;r% >haxksa] eNfy;ksa o lhfi;ksa dks [kkrs gSaA xksrk yxkdj thou O;rhr djus okys bu fofp= if{k;ksa dh xfr 6 ls 27 fd0eh0 izfr ?kaVk o ,Eijj isafXou dh xksrk yxkus dh xgjkbZ 556 ehVj rd gks ldrh gSA ;s vius tkyhnkj fiNys iSjksa ij pyrs gSa ;k dHkh&dHkh cQZ ij vius mnj ds lgkjs fQlyrs ¼Vkscksxsfuax xfr½ gSaA Å¡ph pêkuksa dks ikj djus ds fy, ;s vius fiNys iSjksa ij mNyrs Hkh gSaA leqnzh ty ih ysus ds ckn 'kjhj esa ,d= vf/kd yo.k dh ek=k dks ;s vius uklk }kjksa ls ckgj L=kfor djrs jgrs gSaA

3 ls 8 o"kZ dh vk;q esa ;s ifjiDo gksrs gSa o vf/kdk¡'k tkfr;ksa dk iztuu dky olUr ls xzh"e _rq ds e/; gksrk gSA nf{k.kh /kzqo ds ,Eijj isafXou okf"kZd #i ls ogk¡ dh 'kjn~ _rq

0 ¼twu@vxLr½ esa 'kwU; ls 60 lsfYl;l uhps] 200 fd0eh0 xfr ls pyus okyh cQhZyh gokvksa o va/kdkj&iw.kZ i;kZoj.kh; ifjfLFk;ksa esa iztuu djrs gSaA dqN oSKkfudksa dk ekuuk gS fd ;s nf{k.kk&/kqzoh; isafXou 'kk;n brus dBksj

i;kZoj.k esa blfy, iztuu djrs gSa fd 5 eghus ckn ¼tuojh&Qjojh½ tc ogk¡ dh xzh"e _rq vkrh gS rks muds pwt+s vkRefuHkZj gks pqds gksrs gSaA fHké&fHké tkfr;ksa esa izse&izlax ¼dksVZf'ki½ fof/k vyx&vyx gksrh gSA vf/kdk¡'k tkfr;k¡ ^eksuksxSel* ¼,d uj] ,d eknk½ gksrh gSa] ijUrq mi;qDr lkFkh dk p;u eknk gh djrh gSA xqQkvksa] pêkuksa] pêkuksa ds chp njkjksa] ?kkfV;ksa] cQhZys leqnzh rVksa] rVh; o"kkZ ouksa] ?kuh >kfM+;ksa vkfn fofo/k LFkkuksa ij vaMs nsus ds lqjf{kr LFkku ¼?kksalys½ [kksts tkrs gSaA ,Eijj ,oa fdax isafXou }kjk fdlh izdkj dk ?kksalyk ugha cuk;k tkrk] cfYd os ,d vaMs dks vius iatksa o mnj dh <hyh Ropk ds chp j[kdj lsrs gSa ¼fp= 6½A vaMksa dk jax uhys&lQsn ls gjk o vkd`fr xksykdkj ls uk'kikrh ds vkdkj dh gksrh gSA vaMksa dh eki ¼5-5&8-6 ;k 11-0&12-7 lsa0eh0 yEcs½ o Hkkj ¼61&154 ;k 345&515 xzke½ esa Hkh dkQh fHkérk gksrh gSA vaMs lsus dk dk;Z ¼yxHkx 2 ekg½ uj djrs gSa vkSj tqykbZ&vxLr esa pwt+s ckgj vk tkrs gSaA

8- MksMks ¼jsQl½ ¼fp= 8½ % le; ds vUrjky esa cgqr ls i{kh bl i`Foh ij thfor jgs vkSj fQj os foyqIr gks x;sA ^MksMks* uked mM+kufoghu i{kh fgan egklkxj ds eksjsf'k;l uked Vkiw ij ik;k tkrk FkkA okLro esa ;g i{kh ewyr% dcwrj tkfr;ksa dk fudV lEca/kh Fkk] ijUrq Hkkstu dh vf/kdrk o f'kdkfj;ksa dh vuqifLFkfr ds dkj.k buds mM+us dh {kerk lekIr gks xbZA ;s yxHkx 1 ehVj Å¡ps o 20 fd0xzk0 Hkkj okys FksA miyC/k izek.kksa ds vuqlkj Mp lSfudksa us bUgsa loZizFke 1598 esa ns[kk vkSj 1681 rd lSfudksa o muds ikyrw tkuojksa us budk f'kdkj dj bUgsa lekIr dj fn;kA budh 'kkjhfjd jpuk ds ckjs esa tks Hkh fooj.k feyrs gSa os 17oha 'krkCnh ds fp=ksa ;k fyf[kr m}j.kksa ls feyrs gSaA bu if{k;ksa ds 'kjhj ij lysVh&Hkwjs ^ij* Fks] iw¡N ij gYds jax ds ^ijksa* dk xqPNk gksrk Fkk]

flj lysVh o uXu Fkk] pksap gjh&dkyh&ihyh Fkh o Vk¡xs et+cwr]

ihyh vkSj dkys iatksa okyh FkhA ia[kksa ds LFkku ij 3&4 cM+s] dkys ^ij* fudys jgrs FksA Qyksa ij fuokZg djus okys ;s i{kh /kjrh ij ?kkl&Qwl dk ?kksalyk cukrs Fks vkSj dsoy ,d ckj esa ,d vaMk nsrs FksA

^MksMks* ds yqIr gksus dh cgqr lh izpfyr] jkspd dgkfu;ksa o rF;ksa us izekf.kr djus dk iz;kl fd;k gS fd fdl izdkj ,d tUrq foyqIr gks tkrk gS] vkSj ^MksMks* ds foyqfIrdj.k eas rks euq"; ds gLr{ksi dk cM+k ;ksxnku jgkA vkt eksjsf'k;l esa ^MksMks* dk viuk lkaLd`frd egRo gSA og ogk¡ dk jk"Vªh; izrhd gS vkSj ogk¡ ls tkjh Mkd fVdVksa vkfn ij mls fp=kafdr fd;k x;k gSA lkfgR; esa rks dqN eqgkojs] tSl ^e`r ,Slk fd] tSls MksMks* ¼MSM ,t+ , MksMks½] mi;ksx esa yk;s x;s] ftldk rkRi;Z ;g Fkk fd veqd O;fDr dh ^e`R;q esa rks dksbZ la'k; gh ugha gSA* ^Vw xks n os vkWQ nh MksMks* ¼^MksMks ds jkLrs ij py iM+uk*½ ,d vU; eqgkojk Fkk] ftldk vFkZ Fkk&foyqIr gks tkuk] fdlh oLrq dk fu;fer vH;kl ;k mi;ksx ls nwj gks tkuk vFkkZr og oLrq tks fdlh le; egRo dh FkhA ;s lHkh bl ckr dks izekf.kr djrs gSa fd ml i{kh dk fouk'k@ foyqIrhdj.k vlkef;d FkkA okLro esa ^MksMks* 'kCn] Mp Hkk"kk esa iz;qDr gksus okys 'kCn ^MwM* ls cuk gS] ftldk vFkZ gksrk gS] ^e`r*A

'kks/k Nk=k]tUrq foKku foHkkx]

Mh0ch0,l0 ¼ih&th½ dkyst] nsgjknwu

MksMks & ek¡fj'kl dk jk"Vªh; izrhd fpUg

65

5- dhoh ¼,iVsfjDl½ ¼fp= 5½ % ?kjsyw eqfxZ;ksa ds eki ¼45ls0eh0( 1-3&4-5 fd0xzk0½ ds U;wt+hySaM fuoklh] ogk¡ ds ;s jk"Vªh; i{kh lHkh mM+kufoghu if{k;ksa esa lcls NksVs gksrs gSa vkSj vius 'kjhj ds vuqikr dh rqyuk esa] fo'o ds vU; if{k;ksa ds lkis{k lcls cM+s vaMs nsrs gSaA

1886 o 1887 esa Øe'k% bu if{k;ksa dks jk"Vªh; izrhd&fpUg ds #i esa nf{k.kh dsUVjcjh cVkfy;u o gsfLVaXl jkbZQy okWyUVh;j lsukvksa ds fcYyksa ¼cStst+½ ij vafdr fd;k x;k FkkA 1906 esa tc vesfjdk o fczVsu esa ^dhoh 'kw ikWfy'k* dk O;kikj gqvk rks ;g izrhd fpUg vkSj Hkh izpfyr gks x;kA izFke fo'o ;q) ds le; U;wt+hySaM ds lSfudksa dks ^dhoh* uke ls tkuk tkus yxkA ;gh dkj.k gS fd vius ns'k esa o fons'kksa esa U;wt+hySaM okfl;ksa dks ^dhoh* dgdj iqdkjk tkrk gSA

13oha 'krkCnh esa tc euq"; us U;wt+hySaM dh /kjrh ij dne j[kk rc ogk¡ ds LFkk;h Lru/kkjh fuoklh dsoy 3 izdkj dh pexknM+ tkfr;k¡ gh FkhaA euq"; }kjk vU; Lru/kkjh tSls dqÙks] fcfYy;k¡] ?kksM+sa ogk¡ ys tk;s x;sA ogk¡ euq"; dh ^ekvksjh* uked tu&tkfr;ksa us ^dhoh* i{kh dks dkQh gkfu igq¡pkbZA ek¡l] v.Mksa o ^ijksa* ds fy, mudk bruk f'kdkj fd;k x;k fd ^dhoh* dk vfLrRo gh [k+rjs esa iM+ x;kA ^dhoh* 'kCn Hkh ekvksjh Hkk"kk ls gh fy;k x;k gSA

;s i{kh 'kehZys o jkf=pj gksrs gSaA 'kjhj ij yky ;k lysVh&Hkwjs jax ds cky&leku ^ij* gksrs gSaA xnZu ij NksVk flj o NksVh vk¡[ksa gksrh gSaA LVhy dh NksVh ryokj tSlh eqM+h gqbZ budh yEch pksap ds fljksa ij uklkfNnz gksus ds dkj.k budh lw¡?kus dh 'kfDr vf/kd rhoz gksrh gS ¼vU; lHkh if{k;ksa esa ukd ds fNnz pksap ds vk/kkj ij gksrs gSaA½ blh dkj.k ;s feêh esa fNis dhVksa o d`fe;ksa dks fcuk mUgsa ns[ks [kkst ysrs gSaA NksVs&eksVs dhM+s&edksM+ksa ds vfrfjDr ;s Qy] NksVs >haxksa] esa<+dkas vkfn dk Hkh Hk{k.k djrs

gSaA fnu ds le; lqajxksa esa foJke dj] ;s jkf= esa gh ckgj fudy dj vius Hkkstu dh ryk'k djrs gSaA uj dh rqyuk esa eknk,¡ cM+h gksrh gSaA

budk iztuu dky twu ls ekpZ rd gksrk gSA ^dhoh* vR;f/kd {ks=j{k.kdkjh ¼VsjhVksfj;y½ gksrs gSaA ujksa esa {ks=j{k.k dks ysdj la?k"kZ Hkh gksrk gSA bl la?k"kZ esa os ,d nwljs dks ekj Hkh Mkyrs gSaA 100 gsDVs;j ls Hkh vf/kd budh lhek,¡ gksrh gSaA ,d uj] ,d eknk ds lkFk gh jgrk gSA ,d ckj tksM+k cu tkus ij os thou i;ZUr ,d lkFk jgrs gSaA 18 eghus dh vk;q ij uj ifjiDo gksrs gSaA eknkvksa ds nksuks v.Mk'k; ¼vksojh½ lfØ; gksrs gSa ¼vU; lHkh if{k;ksa esa dsoy ckbZa vksojh gh lfØ; gksrh gS½ vkSj ;fn ,d iztuu dky esa ,d ls vf/kd vaMs fn;s tkrs gSa rks ;g dk;Z ,dkUrj Øe esa nksuks v.Mk'k;ksa ls gksrk gSA izFke ckj ,d eknk 3&5 o"kZ dh vk;q gksus ij vaMs nsrh gSA xHkZorh eknk dhoh ds vaMs muds 'kjhj ds Hkkj dk 15&20 izfr'kr gksrs gSa] vkSj tc lkis{k #i ls bruk cM+k vaMk ¼120 fe0eh0 yEck o 80 fe0eh0 O;kl½ muds 'kjhj esa gksrk gS rks mudk mnj Hkkx bruk QSy tkrk gS fd t+ehu Nwus yxrk gSA bl d"Vdkjh le; esa vkjke ikus ds fy,

^dhoh* dHkh&dHkh vius mnj Hkkx dks BaMs ikuh ij fVdk nsrh gSA vaMk fn;s tkus ls iwoZ og 'kjhj dk bruk LFkku ?ksjs jgrk gS fd isV esa Hkkstu j[kus esa Hkh dfBukbZ gksrh gSA ;gh dkj.k gS fd vaMs nsus ls 2&3 fnu iwoZ eknk dhoh Hkkstu ugha dj ldrhA vaMk ns nsus ds i'pkr~ eknk rqjar lqjax dks NksM+ nsrh gS vkSj uj }kjk vaMs dks lsus dk nk;hRo ys fy;k tkrk gSA yxHkx 2&3 eghus esa pwt+s ckgj vkrs gSaA D;ksafd

pwt+ksa dk vkdkj cM+k gksrk gS] os dsoy 3 lIrkg rd ek¡&cki ds lkFk jg ldrs gSaA rRi'pkr~ mUgsa /kdsy dj lqjax ls ckgj dj fn;k tkrk gSA

6- fVusew ¼fVusel½ ¼fp= 6½% Hkkjrh; ^rhrj* tSls ;s i{kh mM+kufoghu if{k;ksa ds lcls iqjkru lEca/kh gSa tks e/; o nf{k.kh vesfjdk esa ik;s tkrs gSaA lysVh&Hkwjs] yEcs&irys] xBhys 'kjhj ij NksVk lk flj o yEch] iryh] uhps dks eqM+h pksap gksrh gSA budh yxHkx 47 tkfr;ksa esa lcls NksVh 20 lsa0eh0 ¼43 xzke½ o lcls cM+h 53 lsa0eh0 ¼2-3 fd0xzk0½ rd gksrh gSaA buds ia[k NksVs gksrs gSa] ijUrq vU; mM+kufoghu if{k;ksa ds rqyuk esa ;s dqN mM+ku Hkj ysrs gSaA okLro esa bUgsa rst+ nkSM+us okyk ekuk tkrk gSA Hkkstu izkIr djus ds fy, ;s 10 lsa0eh0 rd mNy ldrs gSaA budk Hkkstu eq[;r% ,sls NksVs&NksVs Qy o cht gksrs gSa tks [kklrkSj ls uhps iM+s gksrs gSa ;k ikS/kksa ij /kjrh ds lehi yxs gksrs gSaA blds vfrfjDr ;s viuh pksap dh lgk;rk ls dwM+s&djdV dks b/kj&m/kj dj] ;k 2&3 lsa0eh0 feêh dh xgjkbZ ls dfy;ksa] dksey tM+ksa o ifÙk;ksa] dhVksa o muds ykoksZa] d`fe;ksa] ?kksa?kksa vkfn dks Hkh [kk ysrs gSA ,d uj dbZ eknkvksa ;k ,d eknk dbZ ujksa ds lkFk jgrs gSaA ?kkl&Qwl] ifÙk;ksa o >kfM+;ksa dh chp ;s cgqr ls ¼1 ls 12½] pVdhyh jaxksa o phuh feêh ds cjruksa tSlh ped okys vaMs ¼fp= 6½ nsrs gSaA uj }kjk vaMs ls;s tkrs gSaA

dhoh & U;wt+hySaM dk jk"Vªh; izrhd fpUg

fVusew

66

foKku ifjppkZ o"kZ 2] vad 3 tuojh&ekpZ 2012

foKku oxZ igsyh & 5 dk gy

foKku oxZ igsyh & 6 1 2 5

7

10

6

1312

14 15

19

15

23 24

17

21

3 4

18

8 9

22

11

16

20

ladsr

Åij ls uhps1- 'kjhj ds vna j fiÙk cukus okyk

vxa ¼3½

3- ifjek.k( ieS kuk( uki( rkyS ¼2½

4- cna djus okyk( deS js ea s QkVs ks [khpa us ds fy;s bls nckuk gkrs k gS ¼3½

5- fryguka s dk fNydk ¼2½

7- vpkud cgs k's kh ykus okyk ,d jkxs ( fQv ¼3½

9- ,d ehVj dk ,d gtkjok¡ Hkkx ¼5½

12- noz vk;ru ukius dh ,d bdkbZ ¼3½

16- njoktk( ckYW o ¼3½

18- lvq j ¼3½

20- x/a kd dk vxa tz h uke ¼3½

22- dk;Z ;k ÅtkZ dh ,d bdkbZ ¼2½

cka;s ls nka;sa

2- jh</+ kkjh thoka s dh ikpu i.z kkyh ea svkr ls igys dh og FkyS h tgk¡ Hkkts u e[q ; :i ls iprk gS ¼4½

6- dhMk+ ( fo'k"s kdj iVs ds vna j dk ¼2½

8- dBkjs Qy( ckYs V dk lk'kh ¼2½

9- ,d gtkjoka Hkkx ¼2½

10- tks cgs ¼noz rFkk xlS ½ ¼3½

11- 'kjhj ea s cuh xkB¡ ¼3½

13- njw h dh bdkbZ tks 1760 xt ds cjkcj gkrs h gS ¼2½

15- 1000 fdykxs kz e ¼6½

17- tkS dk lLa dr uke( yca kbZ rFkk Hkkj ukius dh ,d Hkkjrh; bdkbZ ¼2½

19- ,d ,ls k dkYifud iRFkj ftlds Li'kZ ls ykgs k lkus k gks tkrk gS ¼3½

21- otu rkyS us dk ;=a ¼3½

22- ,d iMs + ftlds j's kka s ls VkV] ckjs s vkfn curs g(aS iVlu ¼2½

23- ekuo fuferZ unh ¼3½

24- Mus ekdZ ds ,d v.kq oKS kfud ¼1885&1962½ ftUgkuas s v.kq lja puk le>us ea s DokVa e fl)kUr dk i;z kxs fd;k ¼2½

1 3 4

5

6

8 97

10 11 12 13

14

15

16 17 1918

20

Iyh

gk fj dkdkfu

v i ?k V u

u l

fi dks

fV

jts

ls

eh

u

yhyh fo fd jj .k

lk

cZ

Ms fu ; y

rk fy dk

fFk

;

e

fVª d V u

; ;fVª

e

Ms

{ek

d

gq

67

ge bls leqnz esa nQuk rks jgs gSa exj vkus okys le; esa HkwoSKkfud le>saxs fd ekuo dh ,d iztkfr leqnz esa ikuh ds vanj jgrh FkhA

lkbVs'ku baMsDl dh ckr dsjds eq>s tyhy er dfj;sA Qsl cqd esa esjs nks gtkj ls T;knk ÝsM gSaA

;g l[;k gS 48A2

48+1 = 49 = 7

248/2 = 24+1 = 25 = 5

2 2 2 248 = 8 - 4 ;k 7 -1

2 48 =2304

3 48 =110592

4 48 =5308416

48 = dSMfe;e dh ijek.kq la[;k

cqf} ds fy;s [kk| dk mRrj

;g okLro es fpra k dh ckr gS fd gekjs vkt ds vf/kdk'a k cfq }eku fo|kFkhZ fo"k; dh tfVy vkjS dfBu leL;kvka s dk gy ikz Ir djus ds fy;s ikB; iLq rdka s ij fuHkjZ jgrs gAS cgrq gh de ,ls s gkrs s ga S tks bu leL;kvka sij ekfS yd <xa ls lkps ldrs ;k viuk LorU= fpUru dj ldrs gAaS mUga s ub]Z vipz fyr ;k vLokHkkfod lh fn[kus okyh dYiuk,¡ djuk fdlh us fl[kk;k gh ughAa vkt dh i<k+ us rFkk ijh{kk yus s dh i}fr ea s bl ckr ds fy;s dkbs Z LFkku ughAa fdlh ,d fo"k; dk v/;;u djus okys fo|kFkhZ dos y mlh fo"k; ea s tes jgrs gAaS nlw js fo"k; i<r+ s gh ughAa mnkgj.k ds fy;s mUga s;g ugha crk;k tkrk fd ,d vPNk HkkfS rd foKkuh cuus ds fy;s jlk;u 'kkL= dk Hkh vPNk Kku gkus k vko';d gAS D;k ge bl ckr dk i;z kxs dj ldrs ga S fd ckjgoha d{kk rd ds foKku ds fo|kfFk;Z ka s ds ikB;~ Øe ea s dyk oxZ ds Hkh ,d ;k nks fo"k; tlS s n'kuZ 'kkL=] lekt'kkL= j[ka s tk;a \ ,ls k dja s rks foKku ds ikB;~ Øe dk dNq ck>s de djuk iMx+s kA

vkt gekjk /;ku dos y bl rjQ gS fd ge fo|kFkhZ dks vius fo"k; dh vf/kd tkudjh ns na s vkjS dYiuk rFkk ifz rfØ;k ds fd;s dkbs Z txg u NkMs Aas ge Hkyw tkrs ga S fd ;fn fdlh dk efLr"d mÙke gks rks tkudkfj;ka s dks og Lo;a gh ikz Ir dj yxs kA dNq gn rd fo|ky; ;k xtsz ,q V Lrj rd tkudkfj;ka s dks dUs nhz dr djus ls jkds k tk; rks fo|kfFk;Z ka s ds Kku dh lkhek,¡ c<+ tk,xs hA foKku f'k{kk lca fa /kr O;fÙk;ka s dks bl ckjs ea s fopkj djuk pkfg,A foKku dh 'kk/s k ifj;kts uk,¡ cukus okys ijq kus vuHq koh O;fDr ubZ ckra s lkps gh ugha ldrAs ;g dk;Z rks i[z kj cfq } okys ;oq k rxZ dks gh djuk gkxs kA ;g LokHkkfod gS fd vf/kdk'a k 'kk/s kdrkZ ygj ds lcls Åp¡ s LFkku ij cBS uk ilUn djrs ga S ijUrq fdlh u fdlh dks ubZ ygj mRiUu Hkh rks djuh pkfg,A

izksŒ ih- ,u- ?kks"k¼{ks= laiknd] HkkSfrd rFkk i`Foh foKku]

,ojheSUl lkbal] Qjojh&ekpZ 2005½

66

foKku ifjppkZ o"kZ 2] vad 3 tuojh&ekpZ 2012

foKku oxZ igsyh & 5 dk gy

foKku oxZ igsyh & 6 1 2 5

7

10

6

1312

14 15

19

15

23 24

17

21

3 4

18

8 9

22

11

16

20

ladsr

Åij ls uhps1- 'kjhj ds vna j fiÙk cukus okyk

vxa ¼3½

3- ifjek.k( ieS kuk( uki( rkyS ¼2½

4- cna djus okyk( deS js ea s QkVs ks [khpa us ds fy;s bls nckuk gkrs k gS ¼3½

5- fryguka s dk fNydk ¼2½

7- vpkud cgs k's kh ykus okyk ,d jkxs ( fQv ¼3½

9- ,d ehVj dk ,d gtkjok¡ Hkkx ¼5½

12- noz vk;ru ukius dh ,d bdkbZ ¼3½

16- njoktk( ckYW o ¼3½

18- lvq j ¼3½

20- x/a kd dk vxa tz h uke ¼3½

22- dk;Z ;k ÅtkZ dh ,d bdkbZ ¼2½

cka;s ls nka;sa

2- jh</+ kkjh thoka s dh ikpu i.z kkyh ea svkr ls igys dh og FkyS h tgk¡ Hkkts u e[q ; :i ls iprk gS ¼4½

6- dhMk+ ( fo'k"s kdj iVs ds vna j dk ¼2½

8- dBkjs Qy( ckYs V dk lk'kh ¼2½

9- ,d gtkjoka Hkkx ¼2½

10- tks cgs ¼noz rFkk xlS ½ ¼3½

11- 'kjhj ea s cuh xkB¡ ¼3½

13- njw h dh bdkbZ tks 1760 xt ds cjkcj gkrs h gS ¼2½

15- 1000 fdykxs kz e ¼6½

17- tkS dk lLa dr uke( yca kbZ rFkk Hkkj ukius dh ,d Hkkjrh; bdkbZ ¼2½

19- ,d ,ls k dkYifud iRFkj ftlds Li'kZ ls ykgs k lkus k gks tkrk gS ¼3½

21- otu rkyS us dk ;=a ¼3½

22- ,d iMs + ftlds j's kka s ls VkV] ckjs s vkfn curs g(aS iVlu ¼2½

23- ekuo fuferZ unh ¼3½

24- Mus ekdZ ds ,d v.kq oKS kfud ¼1885&1962½ ftUgkuas s v.kq lja puk le>us ea s DokVa e fl)kUr dk i;z kxs fd;k ¼2½

1 3 4

5

6

8 97

10 11 12 13

14

15

16 17 1918

20

Iyh

gk fj dkdkfu

v i ?k V u

u l

fi dks

fV

jts

ls

eh

u

yhyh fo fd jj .k

lk

cZ

Ms fu ; y

rk fy dk

fFk

;

e

fVª d V u

; ;fVª

e

Ms

{ek

d

gq

67

ge bls leqnz esa nQuk rks jgs gSa exj vkus okys le; esa HkwoSKkfud le>saxs fd ekuo dh ,d iztkfr leqnz esa ikuh ds vanj jgrh FkhA

lkbVs'ku baMsDl dh ckr dsjds eq>s tyhy er dfj;sA Qsl cqd esa esjs nks gtkj ls T;knk ÝsM gSaA

;g l[;k gS 48A2

48+1 = 49 = 7

248/2 = 24+1 = 25 = 5

2 2 2 248 = 8 - 4 ;k 7 -1

2 48 =2304

3 48 =110592

4 48 =5308416

48 = dSMfe;e dh ijek.kq la[;k

cqf} ds fy;s [kk| dk mRrj

;g okLro es fpra k dh ckr gS fd gekjs vkt ds vf/kdk'a k cfq }eku fo|kFkhZ fo"k; dh tfVy vkjS dfBu leL;kvka s dk gy ikz Ir djus ds fy;s ikB; iLq rdka s ij fuHkjZ jgrs gAS cgrq gh de ,ls s gkrs s ga S tks bu leL;kvka sij ekfS yd <xa ls lkps ldrs ;k viuk LorU= fpUru dj ldrs gAaS mUga s ub]Z vipz fyr ;k vLokHkkfod lh fn[kus okyh dYiuk,¡ djuk fdlh us fl[kk;k gh ughAa vkt dh i<k+ us rFkk ijh{kk yus s dh i}fr ea s bl ckr ds fy;s dkbs Z LFkku ughAa fdlh ,d fo"k; dk v/;;u djus okys fo|kFkhZ dos y mlh fo"k; ea s tes jgrs gAaS nlw js fo"k; i<r+ s gh ughAa mnkgj.k ds fy;s mUga s;g ugha crk;k tkrk fd ,d vPNk HkkfS rd foKkuh cuus ds fy;s jlk;u 'kkL= dk Hkh vPNk Kku gkus k vko';d gAS D;k ge bl ckr dk i;z kxs dj ldrs ga S fd ckjgoha d{kk rd ds foKku ds fo|kfFk;Z ka s ds ikB;~ Øe ea s dyk oxZ ds Hkh ,d ;k nks fo"k; tlS s n'kuZ 'kkL=] lekt'kkL= j[ka s tk;a \ ,ls k dja s rks foKku ds ikB;~ Øe dk dNq ck>s de djuk iMx+s kA

vkt gekjk /;ku dos y bl rjQ gS fd ge fo|kFkhZ dks vius fo"k; dh vf/kd tkudjh ns na s vkjS dYiuk rFkk ifz rfØ;k ds fd;s dkbs Z txg u NkMs Aas ge Hkyw tkrs ga S fd ;fn fdlh dk efLr"d mÙke gks rks tkudkfj;ka s dks og Lo;a gh ikz Ir dj yxs kA dNq gn rd fo|ky; ;k xtsz ,q V Lrj rd tkudkfj;ka s dks dUs nhz dr djus ls jkds k tk; rks fo|kfFk;Z ka s ds Kku dh lkhek,¡ c<+ tk,xs hA foKku f'k{kk lca fa /kr O;fÙk;ka s dks bl ckjs ea s fopkj djuk pkfg,A foKku dh 'kk/s k ifj;kts uk,¡ cukus okys ijq kus vuHq koh O;fDr ubZ ckra s lkps gh ugha ldrAs ;g dk;Z rks i[z kj cfq } okys ;oq k rxZ dks gh djuk gkxs kA ;g LokHkkfod gS fd vf/kdk'a k 'kk/s kdrkZ ygj ds lcls Åp¡ s LFkku ij cBS uk ilUn djrs ga S ijUrq fdlh u fdlh dks ubZ ygj mRiUu Hkh rks djuh pkfg,A

izksŒ ih- ,u- ?kks"k¼{ks= laiknd] HkkSfrd rFkk i`Foh foKku]

,ojheSUl lkbal] Qjojh&ekpZ 2005½

@@TMTMTMTM®® ®®SMSM ©©

PATENTINFORMATION CENTRE (PIC)

@@SMSM

orZeku esa ckSf)d lEink vf/kdkj dks lqjf{kr djuk fo'o LRkj ij ,d egRoiw.kZ fo"k; cu x;k gSA izns'k esa fofHkUu izdkj ds ijEijkxr Kku ds lkFk&lkFk xSj ijEijkxr Kku miyC/k gSA bl rkjrE; esa foKku ,oa izkS|ksfxdh foHkkx] Hkkjr ljdkj] ubZ fnYyh ds foRrh; ,oa rduhdh lg;ksx }kjk izns'k ds fofHkUu vuqla/kkudrkZvksa@ vkS|ksfxd {ks=ksa @ vuqla/kku o fodkl laLFkkuksa @ fo'ofo|ky;ksa ,oa vU; dh lqfo/kk ds fy, mŸkjk[k.M jkT; foKku ,oa izkS|ksfxdh ifj"kn~ ¼;wdkWLV½ esa isVsUV lwpuk dsUnz dh LFkkiuk dh xbZ gSA bl dsUnz esa vuqla/kku ls gksus okyh fodflr izkS|ksfxdh dks isVsUV djk;k tk ldrk gSA

�ckSf)d lEink vf/kdkjksa dk izpkj izlkj ,oa fo'ofo|ky;ksa] 'kks/k laLFkkuksa] m|ksxksa ,oa 'kkldh; foHkkxksa dks ek¡ax ds vk/kkj ij isVsUV lpZ dh lqfo/kk miyC/k djokukA

�isVsUV lwpukvksa dk ijh{k.k rFkk vuqla/kku ,oa fodkl ls tqM+h laLFkkvksa dks u;h ;kstukvksa ds fu/kkZj.k eas lgk;rk nsukA

�vUos"kdksa dks muds dk;Z dk isVsUV fnyokusa gsrq ekxZn'kZu djukA

�izns'k eas miyC/k ckSf)d lEink dh lqj{kk ds mik; djukA

dsUnz ds eq[; mn~ns';

mM+kufoghu i

{kh

¼fp=ksa dh la[;

k dk lanH

kZ vUnj ys[k e

sa ns[ksa½

eRL; i

kyu ;

ksX; e

Nfy

;k¡

¼fp=ksa dh la[;

k dk lanH

kZ vUnj ys[k e

sa ns[ksa½

@@TMTMTMTM®® ®®SMSM ©©

PATENTINFORMATION CENTRE (PIC)

@@SMSM

orZeku esa ckSf)d lEink vf/kdkj dks lqjf{kr djuk fo'o LRkj ij ,d egRoiw.kZ fo"k; cu x;k gSA izns'k esa fofHkUu izdkj ds ijEijkxr Kku ds lkFk&lkFk xSj ijEijkxr Kku miyC/k gSA bl rkjrE; esa foKku ,oa izkS|ksfxdh foHkkx] Hkkjr ljdkj] ubZ fnYyh ds foRrh; ,oa rduhdh lg;ksx }kjk izns'k ds fofHkUu vuqla/kkudrkZvksa@ vkS|ksfxd {ks=ksa @ vuqla/kku o fodkl laLFkkuksa @ fo'ofo|ky;ksa ,oa vU; dh lqfo/kk ds fy, mŸkjk[k.M jkT; foKku ,oa izkS|ksfxdh ifj"kn~ ¼;wdkWLV½ esa isVsUV lwpuk dsUnz dh LFkkiuk dh xbZ gSA bl dsUnz esa vuqla/kku ls gksus okyh fodflr izkS|ksfxdh dks isVsUV djk;k tk ldrk gSA

�ckSf)d lEink vf/kdkjksa dk izpkj izlkj ,oa fo'ofo|ky;ksa] 'kks/k laLFkkuksa] m|ksxksa ,oa 'kkldh; foHkkxksa dks ek¡ax ds vk/kkj ij isVsUV lpZ dh lqfo/kk miyC/k djokukA

�isVsUV lwpukvksa dk ijh{k.k rFkk vuqla/kku ,oa fodkl ls tqM+h laLFkkvksa dks u;h ;kstukvksa ds fu/kkZj.k eas lgk;rk nsukA

�vUos"kdksa dks muds dk;Z dk isVsUV fnyokusa gsrq ekxZn'kZu djukA

�izns'k eas miyC/k ckSf)d lEink dh lqj{kk ds mik; djukA

dsUnz ds eq[; mn~ns';

mM+kufoghu i

{kh

¼fp=ksa dh la[;

k dk lanH

kZ vUnj ys[k e

sa ns[ksa½

eRL; i

kyu ;

ksX; e

Nfy

;k¡

¼fp=ksa dh la[;

k dk lanH

kZ vUnj ys[k e

sa ns[ksa½

mDr dkaxszl gsrq jftLVªs'ku Qhl fuEuor~

fu/kkZfjr dh x;h gS %&

1- oSKkfud@izoDrk & 750-00

2- 'kks/kkFkhZ (Nk=ofRr izkIr) & 500-00

3- 'kks/kkFkhZ (fcuk Nk=ofRr izkIr)

@Nk=& 'kwU;

mDr dkaxzsl esa izR;sd fo"k; ds vUrxZr

;qok oSKkfud iqjLdkj (ekSf[kd o iksLVj

izLrqfr) rFkk ,d vUos"kd iqLLdkj&2012

Hkh iznku fd;k tk;sxkA

mDr Demand Draft dk;Zdkjh v/;{k (Executive Chairman)] lIre mRrjk[k.M jkT; foKku ,oa izkS|ksfxdh dkaxszl&2012 ds uke ls ns; gksxk tks 'kks/k i= ds lkajk'k dh ,d izfr ds lkFk (cSolkbZV www.ucost.in esa fn;s x;s izk:i

o editable MS Word esa) izHkkjh oSKkfud] lIre mRrjk[k.M jkT; foKku ,oa izkS|ksfxdh dkaxzsl&2012 dks mijksDr irs ij Mkd ,oa bZesy (usstc7@ucost.in) }kjk fnukad 30 twu] 2012 rd vo'; ig¡aqp tkuh pkfg,A

MkΠjktsUnz MksHkky] egkfuns'kd

mRrjk[k.M jkT; foKku ,oa izkS|ksfxdh ifj"kn

(;wdkWLV) fnukad 21 ls 23 uoEcj] 2012 rd 3

fnolh; lIre mRrjk[k.M jkT; foKku ,oa izkS|ksfxdh

dkaxzsl&2012 dk vk;kstu nsgjknwu esa djus tk jgh gSA

ekSf[kd ,oa iksLVj izLrqfrdj.k gsrq fuEu 16 fo"k;ksa esa

'kks/k i= ds lkjka'k vkaef=r fd;s tkrs gS %&

1- d`f"k foKku

2- tSo izkS|ksfxdh] tSo jlk;u ,oa lw{e tSfodh

3- ouLifr foKku

4- jlk;u foKku

5- i`Foh foKku lg Hkw&foKku] Hkw&HkkSfrdh

6- vfHk;kfU=dh foKku ,oa rduhdh

7- i;kZoj.k foKku ,oa okfudh

8- x`g foKku

9- eSfVfj;y lkbal ,.M uSuks VSDuksykWth

10- xf.kr] lkaf[;dh rFkk dEI;wVj foKku

11- fpfdRlk foKku ,oa QkekZL;wfVdy lkbal

12- HkkSfrd foKku

13- foKku ,oa lekt@foKku lapkj

14- i'kq fpfdRlk ,oa i'kqikyu foKku

15- tUrq foKku

16- :jy VSDuksykWth ¼xzkeh.k izkS|ksfxdh½

mÙkjk[k.M jkT; foKku ,oa izkS|ksfxdh ifj"knfoKku ,oa izkS|ksfxdh foHkkx ¼mRrjk[k.M 'kklu½6 olra fogkj] Qts &I, ngs jknuw &248 006] mRrjk[k.M

Ph. 0135-2762759; 2762766 (O); 2761063 (Fax); Email: ucost@ucost.in

foKkue~ yksdfgrk;

dsUnzh; fo"k;%

lkFk gh ,d uklh yksdfiz; O;k[;ku 'kh"kZd ykbZQLVkby fMfttsl** dk Hkh vk;kstu fd;k tk;sxkA

1-U;wfDy;j lkabl ,.M VSDuksykWth2-gkbZMªksdkcZul% lLVsusfcfyVh ,.M fjlkbZdfyax3-lkbal ,.M buksos'ku4-oweSu fbu lkabl ,.M VSDuksykWth5-izksLisDVl vkWQ ,IykbZM eSFksesfVDl

foKku esa efgykvksa dh Hkkxhnkjh

mDr dkaxzsl esa fuEufyf[kr 05 fo"k;ksa ij efLr"d eaFku l=ksa dk vk;kstu Hkh fd;k tk;sxk ftlesa ns'k Hkj ls fofHkUu mRd"V oSKkfudksa }kjk fopkj foeZ'k fd;k tk;sxk%&

2012

STATE SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY CONGRESS7th