SELF DEFENSE MECHANISM IN ROBERT FROST’S “FIRE AND ICE,

STOPPING BY WOODS ON A SNOWY EVENING AND THE ROAD NOT

TAKEN” POEM

DWI ANGGA DEWANTORO

NIM: 20101111033

ENGLISH DEPARTMENT

FACULTY OF TEACHER TRAINING AND EDUCATION

MUHAMMADIYAH UNIVERSITY OF SURABAYA

JULY 2014

ii

SELF DEFENSE MECHANISM IN ROBERT FROST’S “FIRE AND ICE,

STOPPING BY WOODS ON A SNOWY EVENING AND THE ROAD NOT

TAKEN” POEM

SKRIPSI

Diajukan Untuk Memenuhi Salah Satu Syarat Memperoleh Gelar

SARJANA PENDIDIKAN

DWI ANGGA DEWANTORO

20101111033

PROGRAM STUDI PENDIDIKAN BAHASA INGGRIS

FAKULTAS KEGURUAN DAN ILMU PENDIDIKAN

UNIVERSITAS MUHAMMADIYAH SURABAYA

2014

iii

PERSETUJUAN PEMBIMBING

Skripsi yang ditulis oleh Dwi Angga Dewantoro ini telah disetujui pada tanggal

24 Mei 2014 untuk diujikan tanggal 14 Juli 2014

LEMBAR PENGESAHAN

Linda Mayasari, S. Pd, M. Pd.

Mengetahui:

Ketua Program Studi

Linda Mayasari, S.Pd, M.Pd

1. Dra. Mas’ulah, MA (…………………………….)

2. Ari Setyorini, S.S, MA (…………………………....)

Dra. Mas’ulah, MA

iv

LEMBAR PENGESAHAN

Skripsi ini telah diuji dan dinyatakan sah oleh Panitia Ujian Tingkat Sarjana (S-1)

Fakultas Keguruan dan Ilmu Pendidikan Universitas Muhammadiyah Surabaya

sebagai salah satu syarat memperoleh gelar SARJANA PENDIDIKAN, Pada

tanggal 14 Juli 2014

Dosen Penguji: Tanda Tangan

1. Ari Setyorini, S.S, MA (……………………………….)

2. Armeria Wijaya, S.S, M.Pd (……………………………….)

3. Pramudana Ihsan, S.Hum, M.Pd (……………………………….)

Mengetahui:

Fakultas Keguruan dan Ilmu Pendidikan

Universitas Muhammadiyah Surabaya

Dekan,

Dr. M. Ridwan, M. Pd

v

PERNYATAAN KEASLIAN TULISAN

Saya yang bertanda tangan di bawah ini:

Nama : Dwi Angga Dewantoro

NIM : 20101111033

Jurusan/ Program Studi : Bahasa Inggris

Fakultas : Keguruan dan Ilmu Pendidikan

Menyatakan dengan sebenarnya bahwa skripsi (tugas akhir) yang saya tulis ini

benar-benar merupakan hasil karya sendiri, bukan merupakan pengambilalihan,

tulisan atau pikiran orang lain yang saya akui sebagai hasil tulisan atau pikiran

saya sendiri.

Apabila dikemudian hari terbukti atau dapat dibuktikan bahwa skripsi ini hasil

jiplakan, maka saya bersedia menerima sanksi atas perbuatan tersebut sesuai

peraturan yang berlaku.

Surabaya, 12 Juli 2014

Yang membuat pernyataan,

Dwi Angga Dewantoro

vi

MOTTO

”Indeed, Allah SWT won’t change a circumstance

of people, before the people change what is in theirselves:

Endeavor, Patience and Pray”.

vii

DEDICATION

This thesis is dedicated to:

1. My Parents, Mr. Suprianto and

Mrs. Asmiati, as father and

mother of mine.

2. My Brother, Eka Septianto.

3. My Close friends, Didik Amsa,

Rifki Pratama Nungkar Rifandi

and Eko Mardianto.

4. All My Big Family.

viii

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

Bismillahirrahmanirrahiim, In the name of ALLAH SWT The almighty.

Firstly, No other words that I can say except, I thank to god ALLAH SWT who

always blesses me for finishing this thesis entitled “Self Defense Mechanism in

Robert Frost “Fire and Ice, Stopping by Woods on A Snowy Evening and The

Road Not Taken Poem”.

I do realize that this thesis will not finish and complete without the

guidance from my friends who gives me spirit, motivation and suggestion. I

would like to say thank you so much to:

1. Dr. M. Ridwan, M.Pd as the Dean of college the Teacher Training and

Education, University of Muhammadiyah Surabaya.

2. Linda Mayasari, S.Pd, M.Pd as the Chair Person of English Education

Program. Dra. Mas Masulah, MA

3. Dra. Mas Masulah, MA and Drs. Ari Setyorini, S.S, M.A as the First and

Second Advisors, who have given their time and useful corrections and

suggestions in writing this thesis.

4. All lecturers of UM Surabaya especially lecturers of English Department

who gave me the worthy knowledge.

5. My beloved parents. Thank you very much for love, affection, care,

support, motivation, and pray.

6. My beloved friends, thank you for giving pray and love.

Finally, I do expect that it will be useful not only for me but also for the

readers. Any critics and suggestions from the readers for the improvement of this

thesis will be fully appreciated.

Surabaya, 12 July 2014

The researcher

Dwi Angga Dewantoro

ix

NIM 20101111033

TABLE OF CONTENTS

COVER……………………………………………………………………………ii

AGREEMENT OFADVISOR................................................................................iii

VALIDATION........................................................................................................iv

STATEMENT OF AUTHENTICITY……….……………………...…………….v

MOTTO ….............................................................................................................vi

DEDICATION………………………………………………………………...…vii

ABSTRACT..........................................................................................................viii

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT…......................................................................... …….ix

TABLE OF CONTENTS….....................................................................................x

CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION…………………………………………………..1

1.1 The Background of the Study............................................................................1

1.2 Statements of the Problem.................................................................................3

1.3 Objectives of the Study......................................................................................4

1.4 Significance of the Study...................................................................................4

1.5 Scope and Limitation of Study...........................................................................4

1.6 Definition of Key Terms....................................................................................5

1.7 The Organization of the Study…………………………...……………………6

CHAPTER II REVIEW OF THE RELATED LITERATURE…………………....7

2.1 Literature.......................................….................................................................7

2.2 Poetry….............................................................................................................8

x

2.3 Psychoanalysis…………….............................................................................11

2.4 Defense mechanism………………………………………………………….13

2.4 Types of Defense Mechanism…….…….………………………………..15

2.4.1 Repression ………….....……..………………………………….....14

2.4.2 Sublimation …………......……………………………………...….14

2.5.3 Projection ………………………….………………………………15

2.5.4 Displacement……………..……..…………......…………………...15

2.5.5 Rationalization ……………..………………………………….…..15

2.5.6 Reaction Formation …………..……………………………………16

2.5.7 Regression ………………...……………………………………….17

2.5.8 Fantasy.......…………………..…………………………………….17

2.5.9 Denial…………..…………………………………………………..17

2.5 Review of the Previous Study……………….……………………………….18

CHAPTER III RESEARCH METHODOLOGY………...………………………19

3.1 The Nature of the Research..............................................................................19

3.2 Sources of the Data..........................................................................................20

3.3 Data Collection……………………………………………………………….21

3.4 The Steps of the Data Analysis........................................................................21

3.5 Data Analysis Method………………………………………………………..22

CHAPTER IV ANALYSIS AND FINDINGS…………………………………..23

4.1 The Type of Defense Mechanism of Robert Frost that Reflected in a Poem

entitled “Fire and Ice”…………………………………………………................23

4.1.1 Expression of Fire and Ice …………………………….…………….…24

xi

4.1.1.1 Tone…………………………………………………………...….24

4.1.1.2 Meaning…………………………………………..………………24

4.1.2 Defense mechanism of Fire and Ice …………….…………………..…25

4.1.2.1 Repression………………………………………...………….…..26

4.1.2.2 Rationalization………………………………...…………………28

4.2. The Type of Defense Mechanism of Robert Frost that Reflected in a Poem

entitled “Stopping by woods on a snowy evening”…………………………...…29

4.2.1 Expression of Stopping by woods on a snowy evening ………………30

4.2.1.1 Tone………………………………………………………………30

4.2.1.2 Meaning…………………………………………………..………31

4.2.2 Defense mechanism of Stopping by woods on a snowy evening……...31

4.2.2.1 Repression……………………...………..………………..……...31

4.2.2.2 Regression………………….…………………..…………..…….33

4.2.2.3 Projection…………………...……………………………............33

4.2.2.4 Denial…………………………………………………………….35

4.3. The Type of Defense Mechanism of Robert Frost that Reflected in a Poem

entitled “The Road Not Taken”…………………………………….………….....36

4.3.1 Expression of the road not taken……………………………………….36

4.3.1.1 Tone………………………………………………………………36

4.3.1.2 Meaning…………………………………………………………..37

4.3.2 Defense mechanism of the road not taken……………………………..38

4.3.2.1 Repression……………………...……………………...…………38

4.3.2.2 Denial…………………….……………...…………………….....41

xii

4.3.2.3 Rationalization……………………...……………………………42

CHAPTER V CONCLUSIONS …………………………………………………43

5.1 Conclusion……………………………………………………………………43

5.2 Suggestion……………………………………………………………………45

BIBLIOGRAPHY……………………………………………………………….47

APPENDIX ..…………………………………………………………………….49

1

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