SESSION 18

Foot Musculature

Objectives

To deduce muscle actions, discuss stability vs mobility, and discuss structure and function relationship of the foot.

The foot is one of the most essential structures to the PT since adjusting gait/running forces (and correcting higher joints) can be done sometimes simply with shoes or inserts.

Pin the muscle on the foot layer!

With your 3 person group, create these structures on the following slide:

AbH; FDB; AbDMMed Plant N & A; Lat Plant N & A

QPFHL; FDL

Lumb

FHB; AdH; FDMSesamoid bones

1st 2nd 3rd

Ab

H

Layer 4

Dorsal InterosseiPlantar InterosseiArcuate ArteryDeep Plantar Arch

Stability vs. Mobility

Increase stability Increase MobilityStrong, tight ligaments Lots of jointsLow ROM for each joint Low amount of fatBones fit together tightly Tibiotalar joint & MTP jointsLots of muscles & tendons

Structure & Function

PositivesProtective of

neurovasculatureEffective force

transferenceEffective for gait

NegativesLots of dysfunctions!

Common Problems

Talotarsal dislocation – talus rotates medially, foot rotates laterally

Common Problems

HammertoeHallux Valgus (Bunions)Pes Planus (Flatfeet)Plantar Fasciitis

Common Problems

Tibial Nerve Entrapment

Medial Plantar Nerve Entrapment (Jogger’s foot)

Objectives

To deduce muscle actions, discuss stability vs mobility, and discuss structure and function relationship of the foot.

The foot is one of the most essential structures to the PT since adjusting gait/running forces (and correcting higher joints) can be done sometimes simply with shoes or inserts.

Your patient stepped on a nail that went between the 1st and 2nd metatarsals. What functions will be most affected?

(ignoring the affect of pain)

A. Flexion of the big MTP joint

B. Flexion of the 2nd MTP joint

C. All movements of the 2nd MTP joint

33% 33%33%

Which common problem is this?

A. Hallux ValgusB. HammertoeC. Jogger’s FootD. Pes Planus

Hallux Valgu

s

Hammertoe

Jogge

r’s Fo

ot

Pes Planus

25% 25%25%25%