shock heating of ions and electrons as:
DESCRIPTION
Ion temperature, T i. Ionization temeprature: T z. shock heating of Ions and electrons as:. Study of SNR Canonical Scenario of Dynamical Evolution This determines the shell-like morphology and thermal spectrum. mv 2 = 3 kT. Enegy transfer. - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
shock heating of
Ions and electrons
as:
Study of SNRCanonical Scenario of DynamicalEvolution
This determines the shell-like morphology
and thermal spectrum
Ion temperature, Ti
Enegy transfer
Ionization temeprature: Tz
mv2 = 3kT
NEI CIE
Electron temperature: Te
Key Project Make a New Scenario of Thermal Plasma in MM-SNRs. This is not theory-oriented, but observation-oriented project : Spectrum Survey of bright MM-SNRs
1. Shell-like SNR Canonical evolution of dynamics : Canonical model & analysis: NEI, PSHOCK Many proposal, Observations & Papers 2. Mixed Morphology (MM) SNR No Canonical Model No analysis method A few observations
Thin thermal spectra = 2 Type of SNRs
○ Are Spectra of MM-SNR Suzaku Legacy ? Yes, because1.A few Observation Unexpected facts may be found ( Observation-Oriented study = DNA of X -ray Astronomy)2.Suzaku has Low background, High energy resolution and Large effective area.
Radiative Recombination Continuum (RRC: 1-st time for Collisional Ionized Plasma) Over-ionized Plasma ( Recombining Plasma: RP):
vs ( Ionizing Plasma :IP=NEI)
Paradigm isSSS (Einstein)
RP may provide a New Science of Suzaku
○ What progress would be in RP ? Hint: RP-detected MM-SNRs ( IC443, W44, W28, W49B, G359.1-0.5) are all TeV/GeV Sources
Spectrum of W28-Center (Sawada et al.) kTe=kTz= 0.90 keV kTe=0.47, kTz=0.96
RRC has large Impacts on the Abundances
RRC
Bremss
Relaiable abundances Proper model of the Plasma Line and RRC based diagnosis is essential (not bremss) Revise the abundances using Suzaku (in particular, those in MM-SNR) Path Finder of Astro-H
CIE model RP model
In RP, Radiative Recombination Continuum (RRC) is Dominant.kTe becomes low-> emissivity of collisional excitation small. bremss becomes small Abundances become large On the other hand, Line flux becomes large by cascade after recombination Abundances become small
G359.1-0.51-CIE
kT Ab(Si) Ab(S) 0.77 2.3 2.5 2-CIE (abundances-link)0.55 11 23 5
RP Model0.29 12 17 0.77 (kTz)
G359.1
ASCA: Shell-like MM SNR
Suzaku A few MM -SNR ,Compared to Shell-like SNRs
Added a few MM-SNR with AO5Then, what does Suzaku change from ASCA ?kTe , Abundances
RP Region
Kawasaki et al.
IP (NEI)
List of RP SNRs and our Progress of the RP Analysis
W44 W28
IC443Brems+lines
G359.1-0.51CIE+Ly+RRCs
W49BICIE+Ly+RRC
Upper: 1CIELower: Full RP
Our mission is to search for these some events.We provide observational evidence for the events.
Science of Recombining Plasma
Ionizing Plasma (IP) traces standard evolution of shock dynamics Canonical model : Shell-llike, NEI, PSHOCKRecombining Plasma (RP) remembers some events in the early phase of MM-SNR.
RP is not Local but Glo b al
W49B
IC443
○ Initial photo ionization such as GRB ? f > 1050 erg (Same order of UV photons in HII region)
○ Rarefaction in initial phase ○ Related to the particle accelaration (CR) ?
Tz/Te mapall > 1
CSMn ~ 大
ISMn ~小
log t (year)
Initial rarefactionHigh density CSM: Te=Tz break out to low density ISM adiabatic cooling Te decrease○ Sudden increase shock velocity ( >normal case) High Energy (∝ v2 ) Low density of ISM suppress the Coulomb interaction with thermal particles more efficient acceleration
log
r
(pc)
1 2 3
1
0
Diffusive Shock Acceleration model does not reach to the Knee Energy( The problem of Cosmic Ray Acceleration )The rarefaction Scinario may solve this problem ?
Itoh & Masai
Big solar flare RP associated with Hard X-ray T
z
Te
Time (~ 1000 sec ) (Kato and Masai)
kTe
CIE
Hard X
kT
z
event
Memory
Normalized by nt , A few thousand years for SNRs
GeV ・ TeV/RP : What is a key ? May be Supra Thermal ( = CR Injector)
0.5keV
Supra Thermal (2 keV) : Highly Ionize
Flu
x
X-ray EnergyIonization of Si
Recombination
Only a few % of Thermal can make RRC, R P
2-componentC ross-Coupling
: CR Injector GeV/TeVStrong Injector for MM-SNR Effective acceleration for Shell-like ?
+2keV
What will the RP Science tell us ? Possible answers are;
Cosmic Ray Injector Supra Thermal RP GeV, TeV astronomy
RRC: kT e and Bremss are separately determined Abundances Search for hidden h ard components
Information of Line and RRC is essential for the Plasma Diagnosis Path Finder for Astro-H
(Yamaguchi et al., submitted to ApJ
| |
G344
StrongAl !
3C397
G344
Tycho
Very strongCr-line (and Ni) !
Unexpectd discovery may not be only RP
Unbiased MM-SNR study will make the Suzaku legacy
Obserbation-oriented science which is the DNA of X-ray astronomy
(Nature may be much more imaginative than we are)
There must be unknown Gold Mines .
Lets search for Gold Mines !
Target selection from ASCA-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Name kTe He-α(Si)* Size(arcmin) Obs(ksec) &
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
G292.0+1.8 0.5 0.5 12×8 40Kes 79+ 0.7 0.5 10 50G350.1-0.3 1.46 0.3 4 70G290.1-0.8 0.63 0.2 19×14 110Kes27 0.55 0.2 21 120G272.2-3.2 0.73 0.15 15 150 G349.7+0.2+ \ 1.1 0.13 3 160G337.2-0.7 0.85 0.08 6 200 $$
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- * peak values of Si Heα (unit is arbitrary) from ASCA, For comparison, the Heα flux in W49B is ~1. + maser source \ GeV source $$Truncated to 2/3
& Observation time is estimated by the simulation assuming that RP spectrum is Tz/Te = 1.4 (typical) and that CIE model is rejected with ~3σ level.
e.g. Simulation for G337.2-0.7 (200ksec ob.)
Te (keV) 0.635 (0.626 -- 0.645)
Tz (keV) 0.635 (0.626 -- 0.645)
Tz/Te ---
Z_Si (solar) 1.23 (1.17 -- 1.29)
Z_S (solar) 1.39 (1.32 -- 1.47)
Z_Ar (solar) 1.11 (0.843 -- 1.38)
chi2/dof 572.43/418 = 1.40
Te (keV) 0.495 (0.477 -- 0.514)
Tz (keV) 0.713 (0.675 -- 0.750)
Tz/Te 1.44 (1.38 -- 1.49)
Z_Si (solar) 1.82 (1.71 -- 1.93)
Z_S (solar) 2.25 (2.05 -- 2.45)
Z_Ar (solar) 2.19 (1.64 -- 2.79)
chi2/dof 447.50/417 = 1.07
CIE RP
The End
Path Finder for Astro-H= Physics of high Temperature Space Plasma ( Pure Plasma )
kTe
kT
z
0.3 kTe 1.2
1.2
kTz
0.3
z/w
e.g. : z/w is not only for density diagnosisPlasma is more fantastic
Diagnosis with degenerated Kα Line Energy Diagnosis with resolved lines ( New Science )Excitation (w) vsCascade, Recombination line (z) : RP
e.g.1.Suzaku can plot data on the kTe-kTz plane.The center energy of He-like Kα should be give by fine structure2. If it deviates , then the plasma has bulk motion, or non/Supra-thermal components or Else ?These are the subjects of Astro-HSuzaku is the path-finder
Fe Kα < 6.7 keV
Ionizing Plasma k Te=3 keV kTz=1 keVCas A
Recombining Plasmak Te=1keVkTz=3 keVW49B
(1) Initial condition kTz >>kTe Canonical SNR Photo-ionization by GRB and Afterglow: W49B (2) Canonical SNR, kTe is cooled down by thermal conduction to clouds. (3) Explosion in a dense CSM (high kT CIE plasma) break-out to the ISM kTe cooling by adiabatic expansion. (4) Ionization by supra /non-thermal electrons (big solar flares: a RP phenomena and a hard X-ray tail ). Hard X-ray is hidden behind the continuum . All the RP-detected SNRs (5 MM-SNRs) are TeV/GeV sources .
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Name kTe He-α(Si) * (Fe)* --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Kes 79 0.7 0.5G272.2-3.2 0.73 0.15G290.1-0.8 0.63 0.2G292.0+1.8 0.5+1.5 0.5 G309.2-0.6 1.96 0.07Kes27 0.4-0.7 0.2G337.2-0.7 0.85 0.06 G349.7+0.2 1.1 0.13 0.003G350.1-0.3 1.46 0.3 0.0015G352.7-0.1 1.6 0.05 0.001--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Caption: * peak values of Heα (Si) and Fe (unit is arbitrary), For comparison, W49B are 0.55 (Heα, Si) and 0.15 (Fe). With XIS, these values become 2 time(for Si) and 10 times (for Fe) larger. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Thse are the ASCA pictureSuzaku make revolution on the ASCA picture
And move on Astro-HWhich is Line+ RRC based Plasma Diagnosis
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Name kTe1 kTz kTe2 TeV GeV
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------RP detected------
W28 0.47 0.96 Y YW44 0.55 0.71 Y YW49B 1.5 2.7 Y YIC443 0.6 1-1.2 Y YG359.1-0.5 0.29 0.77 Y ----possibly detected------ G346.6-0.2 0.7 1.0 ----Non-detection of RP ------G344.7-0.1 0.95 5.0G348.5+0.1 0.4 0.9 Y YG355.6-0.0 0.6 3C397 ?3C391 ?----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Captions: “Y” marks in the row of TeV, GeV, OH and MC
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IP