shwe_sakkyar___kone_baung_pyin_thit

98
TOMBSTONE OF THE CHEVALIER MILARD 1778 ( HIC JACT ) PETR, US MILARD GAEX CAPTIVO BELLI REGIBACCEPTUS PRAESBITERIUMENT, CIMITERIUM AECCLESIAF. ( COLSIRUXIT ) REGE GALLIAE CETNURIO ELECTUS MORITUR ANNO MDCCLXXVIII, AETATIS SUAEXLII ed'gef; ed'gef; ed'gef; ed'gef; ed'gef; y&if opf trS K d aywvl rd vwf yspf opf ½S if b&if trS KxH oif abmES if Y vS nf h vnf oG m;vm &rnfcefYxm;í vTifYoGm;onfwGif bk&m; bdk;awmf tavmif;rif;w&m;BuD; bk&m; [H om0wD ud k od rf k H awmf rl onf h vuf xuf awmf 1117 ck ES pf T puf awmf jrwf atmuf od k Y a&muf íbd k ;awmf tavmif ;w&m;BuD ;bk &m; bBuD ;awmf bk &m; vuf xuf awmf [H om0wD / ,dk;',m;u onfrSpí t&yf&yftrSKawmfay:xGuforQudk xH½Guf&onfESifY bk&m; crnf ;awmf qif jzL½S if bk &m; vuf xuf awmf ouf awmf apmif Y uk vm;bd k t&mcef Y xm;awmf rl í &mZom&bG J Utrnf ES if Y wy,f NrKd Uud k toem;awmf jrwf cH &onf / 4if ;aemuf oD &d &mZm ol&ausmfxifbGJUtrnfrsm;udk toem;awmfjrwfcH&onf/ bk&m; a½Tvufxufawmf ouf awmf apmif Y uk vm;bd k t&mxyf í cef Y xm;awmf rl onf / wy,f NrKd UES if Y aersKd ; oD &d &mZ ol &ausmf xif bG J Utrnf ud k vnf ; toem;awmf jrwf cH &onf / aus;Zl ;awmf jrwf ud k quf qyf rukef&m/ toufw&mwrf;aeí aus;Zl;awmfjrwfudk qufqyfcsifvsuf r&PHaocsif; wnf ;[l aom ted pö uH w&m;ES if Y ruif ;rvG wf Ed k if onf jzpf í ouf u&mZf 1097-ck waygif ; vqef ; 10-&uf / 4-aeY om; touf 43-ES pf t0if ouf u&mZf 1140-0gacgif vjynf h ausmf 7-&uf/ 6-aeYwGif tedpö uHw&m;awmf aemufodkY vdkufonf/ aywvlrdvwfoif;BuKdif; (rSwfcsuf / / owfykHowfnTef;rSm rlvausmufpmtwdkif;jzpfí txm;todkrSm pmtk yf wG if cuf cJ ojzif Y jyif qif vd k uf &ygonf / )

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Page 1: shwe_sakkyar___kone_baung_pyin_thit

TOMBSTONE OF THE CHEVALIER MILARD1778

( HIC JACT )PETR, US MILARD GAEX CAPTIVO BELLIREGIBACCEPTUS PRAESBITERIUMENT,

CIMITERIUM AECCLESIAF.( COLSIRUXIT )

REGE GALLIAE CETNURIO ELECTUSMORITUR ANNO MDCCLXXVIII, AETATIS

SUAEXLII

ed'gef;ed'gef;ed'gef;ed'gef;ed'gef;

y&ifopftrSKd aywvlrdvwf yspfopf½Sifb&iftrSKxH oifabmESifY vSnfhvnfoGm;vm

&rnfcefYxm;í vTifYoGm;onfwGif bk&m; bdk;awmf tavmif;rif;w&m;BuD; bk&m;

[Hom0wDudk odrf;½kHawmfrlonfh vufxufawmf 1117 ckESpf a½TpufawmfjrwfatmufodkY

a&mufíbdk;awmftavmif;w&m;BuD;bk&m; bBuD;awmfbk&m; vufxufawmf [Hom0wD/

,dk;',m;u onfrSpí t&yf&yftrSKawmfay:xGuforQudk xH½Guf&onfESifY bk&m;

crnf;awmf qifjzL½Sif bk&m; vufxufawmf oufawmfapmifY ukvm;bdk t&mcefYxm;awmf

rlí &mZom&bGJUtrnfESifY wy,fNrKdUudk toem;awmfjrwfcH&onf/ 4if;aemuf oD&d&mZm

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wnf;[laom tedpö uHw&m;ESifY ruif;rvGwfEdkifonfjzpfí oufu&mZf 1097-ck waygif;

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7-&uf/ 6-aeYwGif tedpö uHw&m;awmf aemufodkY vdkufonf/ aywvlrdvwfoif;BuKdif;

(rSwfcsuf / / owfykHowfnTef;rSm rlvausmufpmtwdkif;jzpfí txm;todkrSm

pmtkyfwGif cufcJojzifY jyifqifvdkuf&ygonf/ )

Page 2: shwe_sakkyar___kone_baung_pyin_thit

txufyg vufwifbmomESifY jrefrmbmompmydk'frsm;um; ...ppfudkif;pD&ifpk? ig;&mjym;½GmrS

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( The JOURNAL of the Burma Research Society ) VOL. XV PART (1)rSawGU½Sdonfhtwdkif; azmfjyvdkufjcif; jzpfayaMumif;/

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jrefrmpmayrsm;oifMum;aepOf waeYoü jyifopfvlrsKd; ukvm;Akdvfac: aywvlrdvwf\taMumif;

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onfhtwdkif; þ ]] ukef;abmifjyifopf }} 0w¦KBuD;udk pDpOfvdkuf&jcif;jzpfayaMumif;/

þ0w¦KBuD;udk a&;om;&mü ...

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vnf;aumif;?

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txl;ojzifY aus;Zl;wifaMumif; þed'gef;rS azmfjyvdkuf&ygownf;/

a½TpMum

27.9.40

Page 3: shwe_sakkyar___kone_baung_pyin_thit

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Page 4: shwe_sakkyar___kone_baung_pyin_thit

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Page 5: shwe_sakkyar___kone_baung_pyin_thit

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Page 6: shwe_sakkyar___kone_baung_pyin_thit

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Page 7: shwe_sakkyar___kone_baung_pyin_thit

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Page 8: shwe_sakkyar___kone_baung_pyin_thit

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Page 9: shwe_sakkyar___kone_baung_pyin_thit

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Page 10: shwe_sakkyar___kone_baung_pyin_thit

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Page 11: shwe_sakkyar___kone_baung_pyin_thit

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Page 12: shwe_sakkyar___kone_baung_pyin_thit

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Page 13: shwe_sakkyar___kone_baung_pyin_thit

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Page 14: shwe_sakkyar___kone_baung_pyin_thit

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Page 15: shwe_sakkyar___kone_baung_pyin_thit

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Page 16: shwe_sakkyar___kone_baung_pyin_thit

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]] i,fawmYri,fvSygbl;? 16 ESpf 17 ESpf½SdaeygNyD? odkYayr,fY rif;w&m;BuD; oefvQifeJY yJcl;

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uefcs vkyfwmyJ? OD;wGef 'DvdkvkyfwmjrifawmY usKyfwdkYvnf; oabFmBuD;udk OD;wGefwufwJY oabFmem;

Page 18: shwe_sakkyar___kone_baung_pyin_thit

ta&mufckwfarmif;NyD; oabFmcsif;,SOfwufMu&w,f? avSwyfuvnf; oabFm 7 pif;em;uyfNyD;

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Muwm }}

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Page 19: shwe_sakkyar___kone_baung_pyin_thit

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a&mufcJY&m aywvlwdkYtdrfom;tm;vkH;uyif jyifopfpum;ajymwwfonfhtwGuf MunfjzLESpfoufvsuf

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Page 20: shwe_sakkyar___kone_baung_pyin_thit

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Page 21: shwe_sakkyar___kone_baung_pyin_thit

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Page 22: shwe_sakkyar___kone_baung_pyin_thit

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Page 24: shwe_sakkyar___kone_baung_pyin_thit

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Page 25: shwe_sakkyar___kone_baung_pyin_thit

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Page 26: shwe_sakkyar___kone_baung_pyin_thit

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Page 27: shwe_sakkyar___kone_baung_pyin_thit

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Page 28: shwe_sakkyar___kone_baung_pyin_thit

]] uJ ...y qkH;? 'k w? w'kjyeYJ rukdufvm; }}

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Page 29: shwe_sakkyar___kone_baung_pyin_thit

taMumif;rlum; aywvl\pdwfwGif pmayynmOmPfü 0goemxkHum vkdufpm;avYusuf vmol

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Page 30: shwe_sakkyar___kone_baung_pyin_thit

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Page 31: shwe_sakkyar___kone_baung_pyin_thit

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Page 33: shwe_sakkyar___kone_baung_pyin_thit

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Page 35: shwe_sakkyar___kone_baung_pyin_thit

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Page 36: shwe_sakkyar___kone_baung_pyin_thit

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Page 37: shwe_sakkyar___kone_baung_pyin_thit

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Page 38: shwe_sakkyar___kone_baung_pyin_thit

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Page 39: shwe_sakkyar___kone_baung_pyin_thit

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Page 45: shwe_sakkyar___kone_baung_pyin_thit

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Page 47: shwe_sakkyar___kone_baung_pyin_thit

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Page 50: shwe_sakkyar___kone_baung_pyin_thit

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Page 51: shwe_sakkyar___kone_baung_pyin_thit

tjcm;olwd k Yxufyd kr d k½ k dao&ma&mufcJ Y&m ...vkH[ltwGuf b,fae&murS tjypfqd kzG,f

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ESifYwa,muf tcsif;csif;twlraeapbJ cGJjcm;xm;vdkufay\/

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,SOfumwdkuf&m pkzef;NrKdUpm;onf qifOD;wGifyif ,dk;',m;uypfvTwfaomajymif;oifYíaoqkH;½Smav\/

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,dk;',m;om;wdkYudk tcsif;csif;raygif;oif;Edkifatmif aoG;cGJaompepfudk pDrHxm;vdkufjcif;yifjzpfay\/

taMumif;rlum; t,k',NrKdUawmfom;wdkYrSm awme,f½Sd ,dk;',m;vlrsKd;wdkYuJYodkYr[kwfbJ yg;eyf

jzwfvwfí vwfwavmOmPf½Sdum t&m&mwGif y&d,m,fa00kpf rsm;vSaomaMumifYwnf;/

axG;jronf vkH[ltay:ü tNrJwrf;t&dyftajcMunfhum tuJcwfvmcJY&m vkH[l b,fvdkvlpm;

jzpfaMumif; wxpfcsavmuf &dyfrdod½SdvmojzifY Zmwdrmefjyif;xefaom tm*owÅ0guav;ygvm;[k

tHYtm;oifYoGm;rdav\/ xdkodkY tHYtm;oifYrdonfESifYwNyKdifeuf vkH[ltwGufrdrdwGif tb,frQavmuf

wm0efBuD;rm;aeonfudk pOf;pm;um aMumuf½GHUwkefvSKyfoGm;av\/

Page 52: shwe_sakkyar___kone_baung_pyin_thit

taMumif;rlum; AdkvfcsKyfBuD; r[maemf&xmrSm ppfOya'udk tvGef½dkaovdkufemoljzpf&m

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tajzxGufonfhwdkifatmif rwwfEdkifbJ ½SdcJYav\/

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]] uRefawmf rESdyfwwfbl; Adkvfrif;? taMumvnf;em;rvnfbl; }}

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[k ajymvdkufav\/

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]] tdk ...'Dppf0wfppfpm;awG cRwfxm;ygOD;? oGm; ...ae&mjyeft0wfvJacs }}

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vkH[lonf anmifapmif;ay:wufum ajcaxmufESpfzufudk atmufodkYwGJvGJcsum wifyg;vTJ

xdkif&if; ...axG;jr\ tusÐryg AvmtjzLxnfjzpfaom &ifbwfudk wHawmifqpfESifY axmufay;

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axG;jronf El;nHhnufanmaom vkH[l\vufrsm;udk pudkifuwnf;u rvTwfawmYbJ udkifae&if;

wcsufwcsufwGif tomt,m MuGwJY rwJYum qkyfae&if;u vufzsm;uav;ESifYyGwfowfNyD;

rwwfomíomudkif&ovdk? raxmufwwfíjyay;&ovdk[efrsKd;ESifY vuft&omcHvsuf½Sdav\/

taMumif;rlum; vkH[lrSm a,mufsm;yifjzpfaomfvnf; tom;t&nfaeykH El;El;nhHnHh½Sdí cifopfudk

udkifvdkuf&bdouJYodkY wtdtdESifY yDwdjzpfzG,faumif;vSaomaMumifYwnf;/ axG;jru vufaumuf0wfudk

udkifxm;aom rdrdnmbufvufudk vkH[l\aygifay:odkY &mxl;a½TUvdkuf&if; ...

Page 53: shwe_sakkyar___kone_baung_pyin_thit

]] vkH[l ...}}

[k ac:vdkuf&m vkH[lu r&Jw&J toH0Juav;jzifY ...

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]] 'DrSmae&wm aysmf&JUvm; ...}}

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vkyfaeav\/

]] ajymav ar;aewmudk ...raysmfbl;vm;? raysmfvJ raysmfbl;aygYuGJU }}

vkH[lum; pum;ar;r&ay/

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[k NAKH;ueJ owdrxm;bJajymvdkuf&m axG;jrvnf;xkdpum;twGuf tcsuf&oGm;um rsm;pGm

0rf;omoGm;rdav\/

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uAsmu&m yckH;pGef;ay:½SdvufESifY *a[qufxnfhum vkH[l\udk,fudkqGJ,lvdkufNyD; vnfyif;udk

oli,fcsif;zuf zufí tm;&yg;& ½TwfueJaeatmif erf;vdkufav\/

þtjzpftysufum; rsufpdwrSdwf vQyfwjyuftwGif; NAKH;ueJjzpfysufaom udpöjzpf&m

vkH[lvnf;...

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ikHYae&if; pOf;pm;ovdkvkyfae&m ...

Page 54: shwe_sakkyar___kone_baung_pyin_thit

]] vkH[l ...}}

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a,mufsm; a,mufsm;csif; 'Dvdkvkyf&if tifrwef apmfum;&ma&mufw,fvdkY ,lqygw,f }}

]] wdkYjrefrmxkH;pHrSmawmY 'Dvdkr[kwfbl;uG,fY }}

[k ajymNyD;vQif ...

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rnfoljzpfaMumif; ususeeod&ojzifY þoluav;twGuf tb,fuJYodk Y pDrHzefwD;&rnfudk

pdwful;xkwfaeav\/ xdkodkY pdwful;xkwfaepOfyif vkH[l&wdkufudk axG;jrvufatmufrS tjcm;wyfrSL;

wa,mufjzpfaom a½TawmifysHcsDvufatmufodkY a½TUajymif;xm;&ef AdkvfcsKyfBuD;xHrS trdefYusvmav&m

axG;jrESifY vkH[lESpfa,mufpvkH; tHYtm;oifYum ,lBuKH;r&jzpfoGm;Muav\/

okHYyef;wyfom;wa,mufudk þwyfrSL;vufatmufrS xdkwyfrSL;vufatmufodkY ajymif;a½TUjcif;ü

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,lqrdav\/

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arT;aeNyD;rS cg;wGifzufxm;aomvufwzufudk NAKH;ueJ 'l;acgufauG;odkYa½TUí ayGUí,liifvdkufNyD;vQif

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tvdkufoifYvkyfwdkif;cHae&aomtjzpfrsKd;odkY a&mufoGm;av\/

Page 55: shwe_sakkyar___kone_baung_pyin_thit

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odkY csDwufvmcJYMu\/

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wef cHwyftoifY½Sday\/

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onfhtwGuf AdkvfvkyfolESifY wyfrSL; 10 a,mufwdkYtm; jyif;pGmtrsufxGufvsuf wkH;zd'PfcHap[k

trdefYay;vdkufav\/

axG;jrrSm Adkvfvkyfol ol&defausmfacgiftm; trDvdkufoifYaMumif; twefwefajymcJYoljzpfí

onf;cHraeEdkifawmYbJ raMumufr½GHUpGefYpm;um ...

]] uRefawmfrsKd;udk avQmufxm;cGifYoem;yg bk&m; }}

[k avQmufvdkufav\/

]] avQmufap ...}}

]] &efoljrif;wyfudk trDvdkufwdkufoifYaMumif; Adkvfrif;udk uRefawmftBudrfBudrfavQmufcJYygw,f?

Adkvfrif;u uRefawmfYudk aigufNyD;wm;jrpfvdkY Adkvfrif;trdefYtwdkif;vdkufem&jcif;yg? r,kH&if wyfrSL; 'Dyoludk

ppfar;awmfrlygbk&m; }}

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]] [kwfuJYvm; ol&defausmfacgif }}

[k ar;vdkuf&m ol&defausmfacgifvnf; oufao 'Dyol½SdaeojzifY ruG,f0YHawmY&um; ...

]] rSefyg }} [k vdkufvdkuf&av\/

]] axG;jrvGwfap? usefolrsm; wkH;zd'PfcHap }}

[k wcsufvTwftrdefYay;NyD; AdkvfcsKyfBuD;xGufoGm;av\/ xdkaeYnu &efolUaemufodkYvdkuf&aom

wyfrSm wwyfwnf;r[kwfbJ wyfaygif;q,fwyfrS ñGefYaygif;pkum wwyfvQif wyfrSL;wa,muf

tkyfcsKyfaom wyfom; 100 q,fpk aygif;pyfí axmifwyfzGJUum Adkvfwa,mufcefYNyD; csDwufoGm;&jcif;

jzpfav\/

Page 56: shwe_sakkyar___kone_baung_pyin_thit

tpOftvmxkH;pHrSm olUwyfESifYol? olUAdkvfESifYol zGJUpnf;NyD;twdkif; tkyfpnf;rysuf csDwufoGm;½dk;

½Sdaomfvnf; ta&;taMumif;ay:í tusOf;tMuyfawGUBuKHvmaomtcg usifYom;&ap&ef þuJYodkY

csDwufapjcif;um; ...AdkvfcsKyfBuD; r[maemf&xm\ xl;jcm;aom ppfy&d,m,fwrsKd;yifjzpfay\/

axG;jrrSm AdkvfcsKyfBuD;udk,fwdkiftkyfcsKyfaom wyfrS wyfrSL;jzpfí tjcm;aom AdkvfvkyfolwdkYxufyif

AdkvfcsKyfBuD;ESifY&if;ESD;um ajym&Jqdk&J½SdcJYonfhtwdkif; xdkaeYnu Adkvfvkyfol ol&defausmfacgif\jyKrlykHudk

xkwfazmfajymqdkcJY&m ...rdrdtwGuf wkH;zd'PfrcH&bJ oufom&m&cJYav\/

odkYaomf a½SUtzdkYwGif rdrdütjypfuif;atmifaeEdkifrS ol&defausmfacgif uJYodkYaomolwdkY\

vufpm;wkefYjyefjcif;udk a½SmifuGif;EdkifrnfhtaMumif; pOf;pm;rd&m &ifyloGm;rdav\/ taMumif;rlum;

vkH[ltwGuf waeYaeYü tjypfay:aygufvmrnfhta&;udk awG;rdaomaMumifYwnf;? aemufwaeY

eHeufvif;onfESifYwNyKdifeuf vHk[lrSm wyfrSL;a½TawmifysHcsD\ vufatmufodkY a½TUajymif;oGm;&av&m

axG;jrrSm vkH[ltwGuf trsKd;rsKd;ta&;rsm; awG;awmylyif pdk;&drfvsuf toufxm;p&mae&m r½Sdoavmuf

jzpfoGm;av\/

tcef; ( * )tcef; ( * )tcef; ( * )tcef; ( * )tcef; ( * )

vkH[ludka½TUNyD; 5 &ufajrmufaomaeY eHeufcif;wGif ,dk;',m;okHYyef; vkH[l&wdkufqdkol nu

xGufajy;oGm;í wm0ef½Sdolt&m½Sdrsm; vdkufvH½SmazGaeaMumif;Mum;&av\/ xdkaeYn okH;csufwD;

wdkifatmif vkH[ludk½SmrawGUojzifY AdkvfcsKyfBuD;onf wm0ef½Sdolrsm;tm; toD;oD;ppfar;um

wkH;zdaevSef;'Pf 3 &ufqufcHap&ef trdefYcsvdkufav\/

ppfwyfwdkY\xkH;pHrSm waxmifwyfESifY ig;&mwyf[lí ESpfrsKd;½Sd&m wyfom;aygif; 1000 zGJUpnf;

xm;aomwyfukdwaxmifwyfac:í wyfom;aygif; 500 zGJUpnf;xm;aomwyfudk ig;&mwyf[k ac:ay\/

wyfzGJUpnf;ykHum; ppfom; 5 a,mufvQif ]]tdk;pm;BuD;}} ac: vlBuD;wa,mufxm;í tkyfcsKyfap\?

tdk;pm;ESpfa,muftay:u ]]aoG;aomufBuD;}} wa,mufxm;í tkyfcsKyfap\? aoG;aomufBuD;rSm

wyfom; 50 udktkyfcsKyf&oljzpfí xD;eDaqmif;um aiGuGyf"m;udkifí wyfcsDonfh tcgwdkif; jrif;pD;vdkuf&\?

aoG;aomufBuD;ESpfa,muftay:u wyfrSL;wa,mufxm;í tkyfcsKyfap\/

wyfrSL;rSm xD;eDtxG#fem;½Guf a½Tcsaqmif;cGifY&\? wyfrSL; 5 a,muftay:u Adkvfwa,muf

tkyfcsKyf&vQif xdkAdkvf\vufatmufwGif wyfom; 500 ½Sdí xdkwyfudk ig;&mwyf[kac:\? wyfrSL; 10

a,muftay:u Adkvfwa,mufxm;ítkyfcsKyfapvQif xdkAdkvf\vufatmufwGif wyfom; waxmif½Sdí

waxmifwyf[kac:ay\? xdkodkY wwyfvkH;udktkyfcsKyf&aom ig;&mwyfAdkvf? waxmifwyfAdkvfrsKd;udk

wyfAdkvf[kvnf;aumif;? wyfrif;[kvnf;aumif;ac:um a½TxD;aqmif;cGifY ay;xm;av\/

wyfAdkvf odkYr[kwf wyfrif;rsm;rSm txufyg rdrdwdkYvufatmufcHwyfom;rsm;tjyif vl,kH?

udk,f&Hac:aom oufawmfapmifYozG,fjzpfonfh tvGwfvl 30 ausmf 40 cefY ac:avY½Sdao;ay\/

xdkwyfAdkvfwdk Y\txufu wyfaygif;Adkvf[kxm;um tkyfcsKyfap&m wyfaygif;Adkvfrsm;

vufatmufwGif wyfAdkvfESpfa,mufjzpfap? xdkxufrsm;rsm;jzpfap yg0ifEdkif\? wyfaygif;AdkvfwdkY

txufurS AdkvfcsKyfwa,mufxm;í tkyfcsKyfap\? AkdvfcsKyfvufatmufwGif wyfaygif;Adkvfwa,muf

upí ta&twGufr½Sdyg0ifEdkif\? xdkAdkvfcsKyfwdkYtxufurS ppfbk&ifxm;umtkyfcsKyfap&m ...

ppfbk&if&mxl;rSm aqGawmfrsKd;awmf rif;nDrif;om;rsm;ESifY bk&ifrif;jrwfudk,fwdkif vdkufygwdkufcdkuf

aomtcgrS xm;aom&mxl;rsKd;omjzpfay\/

Page 57: shwe_sakkyar___kone_baung_pyin_thit

þodkYtqiYfqifYtkyfcsKyfoGm;&m ppfbk&ifukd AdkvfcsKyfuwm0efcHí? AdkvfcsKyfudk wyfaygif;Adkvfu

wm0efcHapNyD;vQif wyfaygif;Adkvfudk wyfAdkvfuwm0efcHvsuf? wyfAdkvfudk wyfrSL;u? wyfrSL;udk

aoG;aomufBuD;u? aoG;aomufBuD;udk ppfMuyfu? ppfMuyfudk tdk;pm;BuD;u toD;oD; wm0efcHum

tkyfcsKyfoGm;&ay\/

odkYjzpfí vkH[l&wdkufta&;wGif wm0efcHjzpfMuaomolrsm;rSm wyfaygif;Adkvfu tdk;pm;BuD;txd

t&m½Sd 6 a,mufjzpfay\? axG;jrrSm vkH[lESifYpyfí rdrdtay:wGiftjypfuif;vGwf½kHru rdrdvufatmuf

aepOf ao0yfydjym;pGm½Sdí a½TUvdkufonfESifYwNyKdifeuf xGufajy;oGm;cJYojzifY rdrdtwGufydkíyif

AdkvfcsKyfBuD;xHü rsufESmaumif;&vdkufav\/

odkYaomf arwÅm u½kPm wPSm"mwfa&mpGufí 0uf0ufuGJatmif pGJrufjrwfEdk;oluav;\

rsufESmudk rjrif&awmYNyDjzpfojzifY ig;&HUjymvl;jzpfum r&yfrwnfEdkifjzpfoGm;rdav\/

axG;jrrSm cGJ&umeD; tcspfBuD;cspf&ef [efjyifaepOf pm;umeD;xrif;yGJtvkcH&ouJodkY tm;rvdk

tm;r& ,lBuKH;r& jzpfoGm;&&m ,ciftcgu tpOf;pm;BuD;um vufaES;cJYonfudk jyefvnf

aemifw&rdav\/

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...aemufqkH;wGif a,mufsm;r[kwfbJ rdef;rtppfjzpfaMumif; od&av\/

xdkodkY rdef;rjzpfaMumif; od&apumrl ...umarokrdpämpm&uH\ tpGrf;tpESifY b0y#doaE¨

upNyD; a,mufsm;pdwf0ifaeaom (a,mufus½Sm) ac: a,mufsm;½SmtrsKd;tpm; jzpfavovm; ...

[k xduyg; &duyg;vkyfMunfhcJY&m xdkodkYvnf;r[kwfaMumif;od&ojzifY? e*dkwnf;uvnf; cspfaerdonfESifY

ppfwyfxJaepOf ysif;&dnnf;aiGUjcif;rS aysmufuif;apawmY cspfvdkufawmYrnf[k oabmydkufNyD;

twnfaygufcspf&ef BuHcJY\/

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vnf;aumif;? rdrdxHa&mufvmrnfhab;udk awG;aMumufpdk;&drfum tpOf;pm;BuD;aecJYpOf vkH[ludk

a½TUajymif;&awmYrnfqdkawmYrS pdk;&drfjcif;wdkYudk NzKdzsufum BuHpnfrdjcif;jzpfay\/

axG;jronf xdkaeYrSpí jrefrmEdkifiHwGifusef&pfcJYaom &nf;pm;cspf cifopfudk vGrf;qGwf&onfu

wzkH ...vkH[ltwGufuwrsKd;? tylwckwdk;um trsKd;rsKd;aqG;ajrUae&av\? tcsdefum; aEG&moDrS

rdk;&moDodkYajymif;&efjyifvsuf½Sdav\/

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jrpfaygufrsm;wnf½Sdae&m xkdjrpf xdkacsmif;rsm;onf t,k',NrKdUawmfudk ywfvnf0ef;&Hvsuf jrpf? acsmif;

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a&jyifyuwdavmufjzpfoGm;rnfhta&; awG;awmpOf;pm;vsuf qif? jrif;wdkYudk a&vGwf&m ukef;jrifY?

awmifylpmrsm;odkYydkYNyD;vQif &JavS? orÁef tajrmuftjrm;wnfvkyfum wmwrH? a&umwmrsm; qnfí

wyfawmfrsm;udk tkwfpD ajrzdkYxm;ESifYMuav\/

t,k'¨,NrKdUawmfrSm tvGefw&mBuD;us,fcdkifcefYí NrKdU½dk;xdyfwGif ajymif;tajrmufwifum

jrefrmwyfrsm;odkYypfcwfaeonfhtjyif NrKdUywfvnf½Sd jrpf? acsmif;rsm;rSmvnf; ,dk;',m;wdkYucsxm;aom

ukvm;jzL? jyifopfvlrsKd;wdkYu oabFm? orÁef &JavSrsm;wGif tajrmuf? pdefajymif;rsm;wifum ckcHypfcwf

aeMuaomaMumifY jrefrmwyfawmfbufrSm tawmfyif txdtcdkuf? tustqkH; rsm;aeav\/

Page 58: shwe_sakkyar___kone_baung_pyin_thit

rMumrD awG;xifarQmfjrifxm;onfhtwkdif; ,dk;',m;wjynfvkH; a&jyiftwduJYodkY jzpfvmav\?

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vlrsKd;jzpfí xdkodk Ya&vTrf;vmjcif;onfyif 4if;wdk YtwGuf tcsuf&vmouJYodk Y 0rf;omtm;&

jzpfaeMuav\/

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500 ESifY a&aMumif;ppfom;vufa½G;pifrsm;udkwifum ppfoH ppfcsufay;íxGufvmav&m AdkvfcsKyfBuD;

r[maemf&xmvnf; &JavS 700 ESifY Adkvf 6 OD;udkac:um udk,fwdkifxGufíwdkufavvQif ,dk;',m;

a&wyf z½dkz&JysufpD;í aemufqkH;wGif jAoHudk,fwdkifudkyif t½Sifvuf& zrf;rdav\/

þodkYum; olwjyef udk,fwjyef wdkufcdkufaeMu&m ...jrefrmwdkYuta&;omonfqdkaomfvnf;

,dk;',m;NrKdUwGif;odkY csOf;eif;aygufa&muf&ef cufcJvsuf½SdcJYav\/ odkY&mwGif t,k',NrKdUawmfudk

4 jyif 4 bufvkH;rS wyfawG0dkif;xm;ojzifY NrKdUwGif;rSvlrsm; NrKdUjyifodkYrxGufEdkif&m ...NrKdUwGif;wGif

tpma&pmukefcef;aomaeYü t,k'NrKdUom;wdkY 'ku©awGUrnfrSm rkcsyifjzpfay\/

jrefrmwdkYtwGufum; t,k',NrKdUawmfudkcsefvSyfí ,dk;',m;wjynfvkH; odrf;ydkuftkyfpdk;ae&&m

tppvdkavao;r½Sd jynfhpkHaeonfhjyif wyfawmfom;tcsKdUtm; v,f,mrsm;vkyfudkifapvsuf rsKd;&du©m

twGufyif tqufrjywfatmif pDrHxm;½SdcJYav\/ rMumrD a&rsm;usum ajryifjzpfvmav\/

axG;jronf waeYaomnaecif;wGif wyfjyifbufppfwvif;ü pBuFavQmufaepOf ukvm;Adkvf

aywvlrdvwf\wyfrS ]]zD;vpf}} ac: wyfrSL;ay:opfa&mufvmav&m? cifopftaMumif;udk pOf;pm;

aecdkufjzpfí ay:opfudkjrifonfESifYwNyKdifeuf tm;&0rf;omjzpfum ...

]] [m ...armifay:opf rvmwmMumvSNyD? bmrsm;jzpfaeovJvdkY }}

]] atmifr,f ...'gxuf cifAsm; Mum;yvm; aejynfawmfa½TUNyD;ywJY }}

]] tifY[if rMum;bl;? aejynfawmfa½TU½kHruvdkY ajrBuD;yg,loGm;? 'if;wdkYrvGwfbl; }}

]] cifAsm;u b,fYES,f[mawGavQmufawG;aeovJ? usKyfwdkYEdkifiHu aejynfawmfajymwmAs }}

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a½TUr,fqdkNyD; tif;0udk NrKdUopftwnfcdkif;wmyJ }}

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a&mufaeMuNyDaygY }}

]] a&mufaeMuNyDav? 'gwifb,furvJ wNrKdUvkH;aygY? a½TbdkrSm qif;&Jom;xJu enf;enf;yJ

usefawmYowJY }}

]] armifay:opf 'Dowif;b,fuMum;vJ }}

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]] b,folrsm;vJ }}

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]] EdkY [dkrSm usef;usef;rmrm½SdMu&JUwJYvm; }}

]] tm;vkH; usef;usef;rmrmygyJwJY? wdkufpdk;BuD;wdkYtdrfom;awGvJ usef;usef;rmrm½SdMuw,fqdkwm

cifAsmYudk ajymvdkufygvdkY uRefawmfwdkYtdrfurSmvdkufw,f }}

Page 59: shwe_sakkyar___kone_baung_pyin_thit

]] 'Djyifaum bmrSmvdkufao;ovJ }}

]] 'DjyifawmY bmrSrrSmygbl; }}

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cGJay;ygvdkY rSmvdkufw,f }}

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ajymojzifY ay:opfudkESKwfqufum xGufvmcJYav\/

aemufwaeYeHeufwGif &wemyl& t0a½TNrKdUawmfrS ...bk&ifrif;jrwf\trdefYESifY AdkvfcsKyfBuD;

r[maemf&xmu bk&ifYudk,fpm; wyfrSL; 3 a,muftm; bGJUwHqdyfay;av&m? axG;jrrSm ...&Jausmfol&

[laom bG J Uemrnftoem;cH&ojzif Y Ak dvfyk Hy&dwfowftvnfwGif xifay:olwa,muf

jzpfoGm;&av\/ppfa&;um; waeYwjcm;ta&;BuD;vmcJY&m jrefrmwdkYrSmwdkufvkdufwdkif;tEdkif&í

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usefaomt,k',NrKdUawmfwHcg;0rsm;udktkwftjynfhpDum taoydwfqdkYxm;av\/

waeYaomeHeufcif;wGif ,dk;',m;trwfBuD; z,m;wdkuf AdkvfcsKyfvkyfí wdkufqif okH;&m?

vSnf;?&xm;wif tajrmufig;&m ...&Jrufwyfom; okH;aomif;ESifY t,k',NrKdUawmfrS xGufvmum?

NrKdUawmftaemufbuf½Sd r[maemf&xm\wyfodkY a½SU½SKxGufvmonfudk t&Hwyfawmfrsm;ujrifMuí

r[maemf&xmxH oGm;a&mufavQmufxm;Muav\/

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AdkvfcsKyfvkyfí xdkrQavmufaom ppfonf&Jruf vufeufrsm;ESifYyif wcsdefwnf; oGm;a&mufwkdufcdkuf

av\? r[maemf&xmonf wcPtwGif; pDrHcefYcGJum ...wyfaygif;Adkvf 6 a,mufwkdYudk wdkufqif

120? ppfjrif; 1200? wyfom; 12000 ESifY xm;0,faMumif;wyfrawmfBuD; wckvkH;\ ppfuJBuD;jzpfol

aersKd;*kPÖ&wftm; AdkvfcsKyfcefYum wdkufcdkufap\? wyfrSL; &Jausmfol& axG;jrudk ppfuJBuD;

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ukvm;Adkvf aywvlrdvwfwyfrS aywvl\nD wyfrSL;ay:opfudkvnf; &Jausmfol& axG;jr

vufatmufwGif wyfrSL;tjzpfESifY vdkufygxrf;½Gufapav\? AdkvfcsKyfBuD;onf wyfxGufumeD; &Jausmfol&

axG;jrtm; ...

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...}}

[k rSmvdkufav\/

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apcsifaompdwfrsKd;jzpfoGm;rdav\/

pnfoH? armif;oH? ESJoH? c&moHwdkYrSm qlnHum yGufavm½dkufvsuf ppfcsuf ppfoHrsm;ay;um

a<u;aMumf[pfatmfaMumfjimí ,dk;',m;wyfBuD;udk w[kefwnf;xdk;wdkufvdkuf&m ,dk;',m;wdkYuvnf;

vltm;ESifYzdum ½SdorSvufeuftpkHESifY w[kefwnf;xdk;twdkufwGif ESpfOD;ESpfbuf tqkwfcufvsuf

wOD;udk wOD; rxdk;azmufEdkifbJ tcuftcJBuKHaeav\/

Page 60: shwe_sakkyar___kone_baung_pyin_thit

xdkodkYjzpfaepOf ta&;jrifaom ppfuJBuD; aersKd;*kPÖ&wfonf wyfawmfrsm;udk eHab;odkY cGmxGuf

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Page 62: shwe_sakkyar___kone_baung_pyin_thit

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[k avQmufxm;vdkufav\/

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[k ppfuJBuD;u rsufESmuJudkodí ar;vdkuf&m ...

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pdwfoefaevdkYjzpfaMumif;yg }}

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vuf½kH;&nfoufoufqdk&if vufr½GHUeJY yg;uGufyJjzpfEdkifw,f ...em;vnfvm; }}

]] rSefvSaMumif;ygbk&m; }}

axG;jronf jrif;pkBuD;0efESifY ppfuJBuD;wdkY\ qufvufqkH;raom Mo0g'pum;rsm;cH,lNyD;

jyefvmcJYav\/

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vTwfawmfü ESvkH;&nfbufu trSKxrf;apvdkaomfvnf; rdrdudk,fwdkifuvnf; rpGrf;aqmifEdkifojzifY

tcGifYomcdkuf &wJY&mxl;om ,lxm;vdkuf [k ajymMum;&avawmY\/

xdkaeYrSpí okH;&ufajrmufaomaeYwGif axG;jrrSm awmifjyifaxmifrSL;&mxl; cefYxm;jcif;

cH&av\/

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tEkMurf;pD;rSK? "m;jywdkufrSK? vufeufxdefcsefrSK? rD;½SKdUrSK? ausmif; bk&m;zsufqD;rSK? olykefolueftrSK?

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wdkYudk apmifYa½Smufí trSKonfrsm;udk zrf;qD;ppfaq;um NrKdU0efrif;xH tyfESH&ay\/

axmifrSL;rSm eef;awmfta½SUbuf½Sd a½SU½kkH;awmfac: NrKdU0efrif; ½kH;xdkifaom &mZ0wf½kH;wGif

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ESpfa,muf vdkufygac:aqmifcGifY&ay\/

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a½TNrKdUawmfwrsufESmvQif vlaygif;waxmifusESifY apmifYa½Smuf&zl;&m xkdtcsufudktpGJjyKí xdkvlaygif;waxmifudk BuD;rSL;

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BuD;rSL;tkyfcsKyf&oltm; txufygtwdkif; trSL;rif;[kvnf;aumif;? axmifBuD;trSL;[lívnf;aumif; ac:ay\/

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axG;jronf axmifrSL;&mxll;wGif wm0ef0wÅ&m;aus>yefpGmaqmif½GufcJY&m a½TNrKdUawmf0efrif;\

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awmifjyifudkom vSnfhywfMunfhae&&m cifopfwdkYaeaomajrmufjyifodkY ra&mufEdkifoavmuf

jzpfoGm;av\/

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tvkyfcGifü vkH;0tm½kHpl;pdkufxm;ojzifYwaMumif;? cifopfudkjrifvQif ,cifutaMumif;rsm; jyefvnf

atmufarY aqG;ajrUvSojzifYwaMumif; rawGU&wmuyJ cyfaumif;aumif;½Sdao;w,f[laom pdwfrsKd;

jzpfum pdwfemjcif;vufpESifY jzwfxm;cJYjcif;jzpfav\/

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axmifrSL;jzpfNyD; okH;vajrmufwGif aywvlxHwGif aiGwydómESifY 0wfpkHwpkH oGm;uefawmYpOf

cifopfudkjrif&avrvm;[k wapYwapmif;MunfhrdcJY\/

odkY&mwGif cifopfum; axG;jrvmrSef;odí tcef;xJurxGufaomaMumifY rawGUcJY&ay? tcsdefum;

rdkCf;OwkESifY aqmif;Owkrsm;ausmfvGefum z*¾KP&moD\ cgawmfrSDjzpfaom o&zDyef;rsm; yGifYvef;csdef

rdef&moDtp waygif;vodkYa&mufcJYav\/

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xl;xl;axGaxGrMum;&ao; ...odkY&mwGif MuG,f0um; cifopfwdkYtdrfoGm;vsufyif½Sdav\? axG;jrum;

aywvlxH uefawmYa&mufonfrSpí aemufxyfwcgrQ ra&mufawmYay/

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ta&;rsm;pDpOfay;ojzifY axmifrSL;&mxl;ESifYvdkufatmif crf;em;aom ESpfaqmifNyKdiftdrfBuD;wvkH;

aqmufvdkufav\/odkYjzpfíaxG;jrrSm ,cktcgudk,fykdiftdrfESifY tajcwus½Sdae&m wynfhvufom;rsm;

arG;jrL xm;&av\/

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trSKxrf;NyD; ,dk;',m;wdkufyGJvdkufygoGm;&mrS ,cktcg ppfbufwGif emrnf&mcJYjcif; taMumif;jyKí

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taemufjyifqdkif&m a½TNrKdUawmf0efrif; uG,fvGeftedpöa&mufoGm;&m &mxl;qufcH&ef om;orD;

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cefYxm;vdkufav\/

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tusÐ? ]]bJ&ef}}ac: wrdkufcefYteHus,faom tem;ywfwyfonfh uwÅDyg0wfvkHtusÐwdkYudk 0wfqif&\/

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yGJobifrsm; oGm;aomtcg 0wfqif&ay\/

Page 71: shwe_sakkyar___kone_baung_pyin_thit

(odk&if;0wfvkHqdkonfrSm yk0gudkcsKyfxm;aom tusÐvuf½SnfBuD; jzpf\)

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oifMum;avYvmcJYzl;í txll;cufcJjcif;r½SdawmYay/

a½TNrKdUawmf0efqdkonfrSm Oya'pnf;urf;t& twdtustm;jzifY vlwa,muf\toufudk

owf&efryg½Sdapumrl &mZ0wfawmfa&;udk umuG,fonfhtaejzifY toufqkH;½SKH;atmifpD&ifEdkif&m

wenf;tm;jzifY tcsKdUae&mu vTwfawmf0efBuD;rsm;xufyif tcGifYta&;aumif;vsuf½Sday\/

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rSefrSefyif½SdMuav\/

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vma&mufum...

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rdrdpmMunfhaqmifodkY ac:oGm;NyD;vQif wdkufpdk;BuD;teD;wGif ½dkaowkyf0yfí em;axmifaeav\/

]] igYwynfhBuD; 'DvdkBuD;yGm;vmwm 0rf;omvdkYrqkH;bl;aygY? wynfhqdkvJ[kwf om;orD;qdkvJ

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wynfheJY vufqufvdkufcsifw,f? tJ'gjrefjrefpDrHcsifvdkY wdkifyifvmwmyJ }}

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ar;vdkuf&m...

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aus;Zl;wifrqkH;ygbl; ...}}

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ygw,fbk&m;...}}

Page 72: shwe_sakkyar___kone_baung_pyin_thit

]] igudk,fwkdifuoabmwlaewm ...bmrwefp&m½S dvJuG,fY? armifESrvdkaecJ Yvd k Y

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ar;Munfhawmfrlyg ...}}

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twefMumatmif pOf;pm;aomtrlt&mESifY awGa0ai;pdkufaeNyD;rS ...

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[k ajymvdkuf&m axG;jrvnf; wkdufpdk;BuD;ESifY xdvkrwwfwkd;&um wdkufpdk;BuD;a½SUarSmufwGif

wkyfysyf0wfwGm;aeav\/

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'Dtem;wifarYypfcJYrSjzpfr,f? 'gudk MuyfMuyf opömapmifYyg }}

]] trdefY½Sdawmfrlygbk&m;? opömudk toufeJYvJNyD; apmifYygYr,f }}

]] pnfomudk,fawmfu cifcifBuD;udk rMumrD aumufawmfrlvdrfYr,fqkdwm twGif;awmfu

taotcsmMum;cJY&w,f? olUqDu trdefYrvmrD 'DuvufxyfNyD;ESifY&if olbmrSrwwfEdkifbl; }}

axG;jrrSm tHYtm;oifYoGm;av\? taMumif;rlum; tjcm;olrsm;rSm rdrdwdkUorD;udk rif;nDrif;om;

r[mEG,frsKd; aeowdk;wdkYu aumufawmfrlrnfMum;vQif a½Tpifwodef;aumuf&ovdk 0rf;ajrmuftm;&

jzpfMuavY½SdaomaMumifYwnf;/

pnfomudk,fawmfqdkonfum; ...tavmif;rif;w&m;BuD;\ ajrmufeef;rdzk&m;rS zGm;jrifaom

i,frnfawmf armifvS ac: pnfomNrKdUpm;rif;om;jzpf&m t½G,fawmftm;jzifY 19? 20 cefY ½SdNyDjzpf&m

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Page 73: shwe_sakkyar___kone_baung_pyin_thit

olu ajrmufeef;zGm; omjzpfw,f? xD;eef;pnf;pdrfudk tNrJwrf;csdefaewJY rif;om;? 'DawmY waeYaeYrSm

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csdefaewm }}

[k wdkufpdk;BuD;ujzwfajymvdkufav\/

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pukxdyfxm;[kom ac:&awmY\? rif;om;wdkY\ xkH;pHrSm 16 ESpf? 17 ESpf½SdvQif udk,fvkyfawmfrsm;xm;avY½SdMu\/ )

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&ifaoG;awmfqdkwJY *kPf[m twdkif;wdkif;tjynfjynfu ½Sifbk&ifawG&JU ½dkaojcif;cH&ygw,f }}

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vufqufzdkYajymaewm uRefawmfrsKd;awmif Mum;zl;ao;wmyJ }}

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ajy;pyf&rSmvJ orD;½SifrdkY t½SufudkapmifYpnf;ae&ao;w,f? NyD;awmYum apYpyfvdkY&onfhwdkifatmif

ckcsufjcif; vufiif;rjzpfbl;? pnfomudk,fawmfu aumufawmfrlrSmrdkY qdkwJYtaMumif;xnfhajym&if

tem;awmifuyf0HYrSmr[kwfbl;? cufw,fuG,f wynfh&,f ...}}

xdkodkY nnf;nnf;nLnL jcLoHygatmif nnf;vkduf&m ...axG;jrvnf; wdkufpdk;BuD;jzpfykHudk

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vmojzifY ...

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apmifYa½SmufoGm;ygYr,f? pnfompufuvGwf&ifNyD;wmyJ r[kwfvm;bk&mY }}

[k ajymvdkufav\? wdkufpdk;BuD;vnf;pdwfat;oGm;aom vu©PmjzifY ...

Page 74: shwe_sakkyar___kone_baung_pyin_thit

]] at; ...wynfh&,f 'Dvd kvJ jyefu,fOD;rSaygY? od k YaomfvJ rif;ajymovkdawmY

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obufcgyJ &if;ESD;wJYvlBuD; 15 a,muf 20 avmufeJY r*Fvmtcrf;tem;vkyf vufxyfvdkufr,f?

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woufvk H;apmif Ya½Smuf&r,f? pnfomaMumif Y 'Dvd kvkyf&w,fqd kwm aygufMum;oGm;&if

'ku©a&mufoGm;r,f ...}}

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ñSKd;vdkuf&if touftEÅ&m,ftxd a&mufoGm;r,f ...}}

[k axG;jru qGJqGJiifiif nnf;nLvdkufav\/

]] aMumufwefoavufvJaMumufaygYuG,f? 'gayr,fY rw&m;vkyf&if b,folcHrvJ? om;awmf

ocif ipOfhul;udk,fawmfuav;udk pmjyaewJY armifazsmf[m igYwynfht&if;yg? igudk,fwkdifvnf;

ipOfhul;udk,fawmfuav;udk wESpfausmfausmf pmoifay;&zl;ygw,f? udk,fawmfuav;u bmrqkd

ta&;½Sd&if avQmufxm;vSnfhvdkY trdefY½Sdxm;wmyg ...}}

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eefYeefYwufvdkY qufcsifaeMuwm? at; ...owday;p&mwck½Sdao;w,f? woufvkH;vJ xif;ykHacgif;cs

aygif;? om;i,f r,m;i,f tqG,ftyGm;rxm;eJYuG,fY }}

[k ajymvdkuf&m axG;jrvnf;½Sufovdkvdk½SdojzifY bmrSjyefrajymawmYbJ? acgif;ikHYem;axmif

aeav\/

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]] vdkufemygYr,f? pdwfcsawmfrlygbk&m; }}

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ykHudk awG;awmum pdwfemoa,mifjzpfrdav\/

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rdrdwwfEdkifaom udpövnf;jzpfí raqmif½GufbJ rsufESmvTJvdkufygu woufvkH;rausreyfjzpfum

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xdkodkY 0efcHvdkufemvdkuf&jcif;onf rdrdtwGufwoufvkH; tñGefYwkef;oGm;aMumif; awG;rdum

,lBuKH;r&jzpf&av\/ taMumif;rlum; rdrdpdwfwGif cifopfudk cspfpdwfrjywfEdkifbJ arQmfvifYaeao;

onfhtjyif ,ck rdrd&mxl;tajctaejzifY txufwef;pm; unmtppf yk&pfzl;uav;rsm; oabm½Sd

qGwfcl;EdkifaMumif; od&aomaMumifYwnf;/

txl;tm;jzifY pnfomudk,fawmf aumufawmfrl&ef BuHpnfxm;oludk ,l&rnfjzpfí pnfom

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om;awmfocif ipOfhul;udk,fawmfuav;udk pmjyay;zl;onfht½SdefESifY þtcsufudk tav;*½kjyKykH r&ay/

odkY&mwGif ab;tEÅ&m,fqdkonfrSm wdkuf½dkufrvmbJ oG,f0kdufvSnfhywfívnf;vmwwfay&m

pOf;pm;avav ...pdwf½SKyfzG,faumif;avavjzpfoGm;av\/

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tcef; ( 11 )tcef; ( 11 )tcef; ( 11 )tcef; ( 11 )tcef; ( 11 )

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r*FvmaqmifESif;NyD;í vifr,m;b0ESifY ae&rnfjzpfaom yxrnjzpfav\/

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ckwifay:ü wifyg;vTJ ajcwGJvGJxkdif&if; rSdKifaeonfudk rD;a&mif[yfojzifY jrif&av\/

axG;jrvnf; £a`E´&& rsufESmxm;wnfwnf rSefrSefESifYyif tcef;wGif;0ifum wHcg;csufcsNyD;

ukwifajc&if;rSvSnfhum twGif;eH&Hbufu0ifí ckwifay:wufum wbufab;apmif;rS

avsmif;aeav\/

ESpfa,mufom; pum;rajymMubJ twefMumNidrfaeMuNyD;rS cifcifBuD;u qdwfNidrfjcif;udk NzKdzsufum

axG;jrbuf rsufESmvSnfhNyD; ...

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a½TUvmcJYav\/

]] tck vufxyfNyD;vdkY ZeD;cifyGef;jzpfvmMuNyDaemf? 'gayr,fY bbbk&m;u twif;ay;pm;vdkY

rjiif;qef0YHvdkYom jzpf&w,fqdkwm ½SifodrSmaygY }}

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pdwfqif;&JaeMu&rSmyJ? uRefrrSefwmajym&&if bbbk&m; aMumufayr,fY uRefrudk uRefr pD&ifypfvdkuf

csif&ifjzpfwmyJ? e*dkuom udkaxG;jreJY vufxyf&r,fqdkwm BuKdod&if pD&ifjzpfrSmrkcsyJ? ckawmYum...}}

]] aeygOD; ...cifYoabmu udkaxG;jrudk rwlbl; rwefbl;xifvdkYvm; ...}}

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]] aumif;NyD 'gjzifY ...b,fvdkvkyfapcsifovJ }}

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jzpfEdkifwmaygY? 'gaywJY udkaxG;jrtdrfrSmr½Sdwkef; uRefrxifwmvkyf&ifvJ jzpfEdkifwmygbJ }}

]] b,fvdkxifwmvkyfrSmvJ }}

]] tqdyfaomufaor,f½Sif }}

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cifcifBuD;u tjyifcef;rS[yfaom rvif;wvif;rD;a&mifwGif axG;jrrsufESmudk r&Jw&JESifY

tuJprf;ovdk ½Suftrf;trf;rsufESmrsKd;jzifY Munfhum ...

Page 76: shwe_sakkyar___kone_baung_pyin_thit

]] uRefrudk cGifYvTwfapcsifwmaygY }}

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[k ajymvdkuf&m axG;jru ...

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ppfudkif;awmif a½T0gacsmifoGm;NyD; r,foDv&ifvkyfrSmyg }}

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udkaxG;jrb,fvdkaew,f? b,fvdkorm"d½Sdw,fqdkwm cifodw,f? tck[mu cifY bbbk&m;u twif;

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woufvkH; vlñGefYwkef;cH&wmbJ ...}}

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[k cifcifBuD;u jzwfar;vdkuf&m ...

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b,frSm½SdawmYrvJ }}

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]] ½SifYcspfolu b,folvJ ...}}

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cifwdkYaus;Zl;u½dSaevdkY cifYbbbk&m; pdwfcsrf;omatmif wrif tepfemcHvkyfay;&wmyg ...'DawmY

cifxifovdkpDrHyg? udkaxG;jrvdkufemzdkYtoifYyJ ...oDv½Sifvkyfcsifvkyf? cspfol&nf;pm;½SdvdkY xdrf;jrm;

ay;apcsifvJ MunfMunfjzLjzLvufxyfay;vdkufr,f? udkaxG;jru cifYudk vufzsm;eJYrS rxdbl; ...

woufvkH;pdwfcsxm; }}

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vdkufav\? axG;jrvnf; cifcifBuD;½Sdcdk;onfudkMunfhum rdrdjzpfykH qef;Mu,fjcif;ukd awG;awm&if;

ai;aeav\/

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,l&w,fqdkwmrsKd; b,folUrSrajymeJY tomBudwfNyD;onf;cHae? cifxifovdk jzpfapYr,f ...}}

[k ajymNyD;vQif nOfheufonfESifY tdyfpufMuav&m? xl;qef;aom vifr,m;ESpfa,mufwdkYonf

ckwifay:wGif wa,mufESifYwa,mufrxdapbJ acgif;tkH;jcm;um oefY½Sif;pGmtdyfpufMuav\/

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axG;jronf cifcifBuD;tay:wGif wu,fvnf;cspfpdwfr½Sd? rcspfapumrl ...]]tdkifawGUírvl;?

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a,mufsm;yJ? bmta&;pdkuf&rSmvJ [laom tm;usrcH jyef*[yfpdwfrsKd;jzpfav\/

cifcifBuD;onf xdkaeYnwnom tdyfcsifrl;wl;ESifY ckwifay:wGiftdyfí aemufnrsm;wGifrl

axG;jrudk ckwifay:wGiftdyfapNyD;vQif rdrdu ckwifatmufrStdyfav\/

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ajymif;aeygu tcef;oD;jcm;ESifY vGwfvGwfvyfvyfxm;rnf[kjyKaom axG;jr\ tBuHay;csuft&

ig;&uft½SdwGif rdbrsm;xHcGifYyefum axG;jrtdrfajymif;aeav&m ...ajymonfhtwkdif; uwdopöm

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{nfhy&dwfowfwdkY\ ac:a0:ajymqdkjcif;rsm;ESifY tcsKdUaomoli,fcsif; rdef;rabmfwdkY\ ]]cifY vlub,fvdk}}?

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twGufrl ,cifu rdrdwdkYtdrfaepOfuyif axG;jrESifYwcgw&Htwlpm;zl;ojzifY 0efrav;vSawmYay/

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pm;aomufNyD;vQif rdrdtkyfcsKyf&aom ajrmufjyifESifY taemufjyif tvSnfhus t&yfom;0wfESifY pBuF

ovm;avY½Sd&m tdyfcsdeftxd cifcifBuD;xHodkY vmvnf;rvm? pum;vnf; taMumif;½SdrS ar;xl;ac:ajym

aecJYav\/

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rsufESmxm;ESifY...

]] bmudpö½SdvdkYvJ }}

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toHMum;ojzifY vSnfhMunfhvdkuf&m ...jynfhjynfhNzKd;NzKd; tcsKd;uspGm uvsmig;axG usufoa&tpkHESifY

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eifYueJjzpfoGm;rdav\/

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cifcifBuD;onf rdrd\jzLpifEkxGwfaom wudk,fvkH;udk oeyfcg;eHYomrsm; rSKHaeatmif vdrf;usHum

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wrsKd;wzkHvSaeoa,mif xifoGm;rdav\/

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cifcifBuD;onf axG;jrjyaomae&mwGifxdkifum jyLwif;ayguf0qDodkY arQmfMunfh&if; pOf;pm;ovdk

vkyfaeNyD;rS ...

]] 'Dvdkae&wm uRefrtwGufawmY oufomwefoavmuf oufomygw,f? udkaxG;jrtwGuf

awG;NyD; pdwfraumif;rdbl; }}

]] pdwfraumif;p&mawGawmY rpOf;pm;eJY? pOf;pm;&if ½l;zdkYeJY aozdkYyJ½Sdw,f }}

]] 'Dvdkjzpf&wm ESpfa,mufpvkH; 'ku©bJ? udkaxG;jrtwGufvJ uRefroem;rdygw,f? udkaxG;jr

pdwfxJrSmvJ tNrJpdwfnpfp&mwckck½Sdaew,fvdkY xifrdwmyJ? uRefr wwfEdkifwJY[mrsKd;qdk&if bmrqdk

ulnDygYr,f? ½SifYaus;Zl; uRefrrSm½Sdygw,f ...}}

]] cifbmrS ulp&mrvdkygbll;? udkaxG;jrrSm pdwfnpfp&mawGuawmY jynfhaewmaygY? 'gaywJY

cifrwwfEdkifwJY[mawGyg ...}}

xdkodkYajymaecdkuf tdrfwGifcdkif;apxm;aom i,fom;wa,mufu tcef;jyifbufrS ...

]] oufawmfapmifYAkdvfrif;u ta&;BuD;wJYudpö½SdvdkY awGUcGifYjyKawmfrlygwJYbk&m; ...}}

[k atmf[pfavQmufxm;vdkufojzifY axG;jrvnf; uAsmu,mt0wfvJum {nfcef;odkY

xGufvmcJY&m ...½kwfw&uf rsufpdwGif 0if;ueJjzpfí tHYtm;oifYoGm;rdav\? taMumif;rlum;

ta&;wBuD; jym,djym,mrsufESmrsKd;ESifY xdkifaeaom cifopfudk jrifvdkuf&aomaMumifYwnf;/

axG;jronf rsufESmcsif;qdkifxdkifaeaom ukvm;Adkvf aywvlrdvwfESifY cifopfudk tHYtm;oifY

pGmjzifY MunfhaeNyD;aemuf NyKH;½Tifaomtrlt&mjzifY ...

]] aMomf ...Adkvfrif;ygvm;? a[Y uGrf;aq; vufzufrsm; ,lcJYMuuG,f? rkefYeJY opfoD;rsm;vnf;

,lcJYa[Y ...}}

Page 79: shwe_sakkyar___kone_baung_pyin_thit

[k tdrf½Sd tapcHrsm;tm; vSrf;ajym&if; ukvm;AdkvfteD; 0ifa&mufxdkifav\/ ukvm;Adkvfu...

]] tdrfBuD;tus,fom;yJ ...}}

[k ajymNyD;vQif ...

]] ta&;uawmY odyfBuD;wmyJ ...}}

[k ajymvdkufav\/ xdktcdkuf uGrf;aq; vufzufESifY rkefYrsm; opfoD;rsm; a&mufvmav&m?

axG;jru cifopfqD xdk;ay;NyD; NyKH;½TifaomrsufESmjzifY ...

]] uJ ...okH;aqmifOD; cif? cifwdkYtdrfucsnf; pm;ae&wm? ckrS jyefauR;EkdifawmYw,f ...}}

[k ajymvsuf ...

]] Akdvfrif;vJ okH;aqmifygOD;? ta&;BuD;wm aemufrSajymwmaygY ...}}

cifcifBuD;onf axG;jrxHvmaom {nfhonfrsm;udk aeYpOfESifYtrQawGUae&ojzifY ½dk;aeapumrl?

axG;jrudk,fwkdif þrQavmuf*½kpdkufaom{nfhonfrsKd; wcgrQrjrifbl;ojzifYvnf;aumif;? cifopfESifY

axG;jr\ taMumif;udk a½TbdkNrKdUawmfaepOfu owif;oefYoefYMum;zl;ívnf;aumif;? pdwfyg0ifpm;um

tcef;wGif;rS acsmif;ajrmif;Munfh½SK em;axmifaeav\? cifopfu ñSKd;i,faomrsufESmjzifY

axG;jrudkMunfhum ...

]] aus;Zl;wifygw,fq&m? aemufrSpm;wmaygY? udpöudkajymyg&apOD; ...}}

]] uJ ...'gjzifY qdkygOD;av ...}}

[k axG;jru ajymvdkufav\/

]] 'DuaeY tdrfrSm udkMuG,f0eJY &efjzpfMuvdkY tck udkMuG,f0 aorvm;? ½Sifrvm;rodbl;?

"m;'Pf&m&NyD; olUtdrfydkYvdkuf&w,f ...}}

]] [if ...b,fvdkjzpfMuwmvJ ...}}

]] jzpfykHudkajymjyygYr,f? tckvufiif; ta&;BuD;wmu cifYazazeJY nDrav;udk vufraxmuf

wef;rSm csKyfxm;w,f? tJ'g zGm;bufausmfwef;rSm a½TUxm;&atmif q&mu ulnDrSyJ }}

]] cifYazazeJY nDrav; ...}}

]] [kwfw,f? cifYazazeJY nDrav; ,dk;',m;uvmwJYtxJrSm ygvmw,f }}

[k ajymvdkuf&m axG;jrrSm tHYtm;oifYoGm;av\/

( rSwfcsuf / / &mZ0wfrSKw&m;cHrsm;udk trSKppfaq;aepOf csKyfxm;aom ]]wef;}} ac: tcsKyfaxmifrsKd;rSm ...

(1) zGm;bufausmfwef; (2) 'dkif;awmfwef; (3) vTwfapav;wef; (4) vuf&okH;wef; (5) vufraxmufwef; [lí ig;rsKd;½Sd&m?

wwef;xufwwef; tpOfvdkufMurf;wrf;í zGm;bufausmfwef;rSm csrf;ompGm tae&qkH;? tacsmifcsdqkH;?

tvGwfvyfqkH;jzpfvsuf aemufqkH;jzpfaom vufraxmufwef;rSm tMurf;wrf;qkH;? tqif;&JqkH;? tusOf;usyfqkH; jzpfav\)

]] cifYazazu i,fi,fuav;xJu qkH;oGm;NyDqdk? nDrav;qkdwmaum t&if;vm;? tJ'D cifYazazeJY

nDrav;qdkwmudk bmjzpfvdkY vufraxmufwef;csxm;wmvJ? udk<u,f0eJYb,fvdk qufoG,fMuwmvJ}}

[k em;rvnfEdkifaomtrlt&mjzifY ar;cGef;aygif;rsm;pGmudk pkaygif;ar;vdkuf&m aywvlu ...

]] 'Dvdk armifaxG;jr? tpujyefajymrS em;½Sif;vdrfYr,f? usKyf jrefrmjynfa&mufawmY ...

(cifopfudkvufñSKd;xdk;NyD;) ol 11 ESpforD;½SdaeNyD? usKyft&D;u cifYtaraygYav? usKyft&if 15 ESpf

avmufuwnf;u yJcl; [Hom0wDNrKdUa&mufaew,f? yJcl;rSm a&mif;0,fazmufum;ae&if; udkpHxGef;qdkwJY

jrefrmvlrsKd;ukefonfwa,mufeJY taMumif;ygNyD; cifYudkarG;w,f? cif tcgvnforD; ay:opf

rsufESmrjrifao;cif yJcl;NrKdU NrKdU0efBuD;om;eJY udkpHxGef; &efjzpfNyD; NrKdU0efBuD;om;udk udkpHxGef;u "m;eJY

ckwfowfvdkufw,f? 'Dwkef;u yJcl;rSm qifusm;½Sifrif;vufxufaygY? udkpHxGef;vJ owfNyD;

Page 80: shwe_sakkyar___kone_baung_pyin_thit

&mZ0wfawmfa&;aMumufwmeJY wcgxJxGufajy;oGm;wmyJ? aemuf yJcl;udk tavmif;rif;w&m;BuD;

odrf;awmfrlrS t&D;eJY usKyfawGUNyD; 'DtaMumif;awGod&vdkY udkpHxGef; owif;tpte pkHprf;Munhfao;w,f?

b,fvdkrS ar;vdkYr&bl;? 'Dvdkajym&wmvJ tjcm;r[kwfbl;? usef&pfol om;orD; (cifopfudkar;xdk;jyum)

olwdkYtwGuf usufoa&,kwfrSmpdk;vdkYwJY ...}}

]] udkpHxGef;u jrefrmtppfvm; }}

[k axG;jruar;vdkuf&m ...

]] [kwfw,f }}

]] uJ ...trdefY½SdygOD;av }}

]] vGefcJYwJY 3 vavmufu udkpHxGef;udk,fwkdif tdrfvmNyD; aqGrsKd;pyfawmYrS cifYtazrSef; od&w,f?

olUtaMumif;ar;Munf hawmY ...yJc l ;u ,d k ;',m;xGufajy; Ny D ; [d kusawmY t,k'¨,

NrKdUawmfapmifYppfwyfrSm 0iftrSKxrf;&if; ppfbufrSmBuD;yGm;vdkY wyfAdkvfjzpfNyD; ,dk;',m;ppfAdkvfwOD;&JU

orD;eJY taMumif;ygowJY? udkpHxGef; ,dkk;',m;reJY orD;wa,muf&w,f? tJ'D orD;uav;arG;NyD; ...

15 ESpforD;½SdawmY? udkpHxGef;rdef;r ,dk;',m;rvJ qkH;oGm;½SmowJY }}

]] aeygOD; Adkvfrif;&JU? udkpHxGef;u Akdvfrif;vJrod? cifYvJrrSwfrdbJeJY b,fvdkvkyf aqGrsKd;pyfovJ}}

]] 'gu 'DvdkwJY? tjrifYeJY ebuf ('kbufNrKdU) oGm;NyD; y&ifopftquftEG,fawG vdkuf½SmowJY?

ebufrSm udkpHxGef;eJYodwJY y&ifopfA&if*sD vlBuD;awG 4? 5? 10 a,mufawGUowJY? tJ'DvlBuD;awG

pkHprf;MunfhawmY usKyfwdkY'DrSm½SdaMumif; odNyD;vdkufvmwmqdkyJ? olUqDrSm t&D;0wfwJY vufpGyfwuGif;eJY

t&D;udk,fwkdifa&;xm;wJY y&ifopfjynfay;zdkY puúLvTmwck awGU&w,f? t&D;vufa&;udkusKyfrSwfrdw,f?

cifYtaz udkpHxGef;qdkwm trSefyJvdkY ,kHMunfvkdufwmaygY }}

]] vufpGyfeJY pmudk olubmjzpfvdkYodrf;xm;wmvJ }}

[k axG;jruar;vdkuf&m ...

]] [m ...'guawmY olUrdef;rudkcspfcifwJY txdrf;trSwfaygY }}

]] 'gjzifY yJcl;udk tavmif;rif;w&m;BuD;odrf;NyD;awmY bmvdkYjyefrvmovJ? 'DtaMumif;

olrMum;bl;wJYvm; ...}}

]] Mum;½kHwifb,furvJ? tavmif;rif;w&m;BuD; ,dk;',m;vmwdkufawmY rif;w&m;BuD;qD

qufozdk YpmawG ola&;&owJY? 'gaywJY [kdrSmtajcusvdk Y ,dk;',m;reJYjzpfaeawmY rvmEdkif

awmYbl;aygY...}}

]] aeygOD; Adkvfrif;&JU? uRefawmfwdkY ,dk;',m;uac:vmwJY okHyef; wvdkif;jrefrmawGxJrSm

udkpHxGef;qdkwJY emrnfygovm;? awGUrdw,frxifbl; }}

aywvlu ]] 'Dvdkav ...}}

[k pum;ajym&ef pvdkufpOf cifopfu ta&;BuD;aomtrlt&mjzifY axG;jrudkMunfhNyD; ...

]] 'D[mawG aemufawmYajymjyygYr,f? tckvufiif; ta&;BuD;wmvkyfprf;ygOD;q&m ...}}

[k ajymvdkuf&m ...

]] tckar;wmawG[m ta&;BuD;wmcsnf;yJ cif&JU? &mZowfoabmrSm tajcupvkduf&wm}}

[k axG;jruajymvdkufrS aywvluvnf; rdrdpum;udk jyefqufum ...

]] 'Dvdkav? udkpHxGef;u [dkrSm jrefrmvdkaewmr[kwfbl;? ,dk;',m;vdk0wf? ,dk;',m;pum;ajym?

,dk;',m;pm enf;enf;usOf;usOf;oifNyD; ,dk;',m;emrnfcH? ,dk;',m;tppfvdkvkyfaewm? 'gaMumifY

wvkdif;jrefrmtkyfpkxJrygbJ ,dk;',m;tkyfpkxJygvmwm }}

Page 81: shwe_sakkyar___kone_baung_pyin_thit

]] trSKjzpfykH trdefY½SdygOD; }}

]] tJ'Dvdk udkpHxGef;tdrfvmNyD; taMumif;od&awmY olwdkY om;tzESpfa,mufudk usKyfeJYtwl

ae&atmifac:xm;vdkY wcgxJ ,dk;',m;pkxJu tNyD;a½TUvmMuw,f? 'DvdkeJY tdrfrSmtwlwl aysmfaysmf

½Tif½TifaeMuawmY armifMuG,f0vJ cPcP tvnftywfvm&if; udkpHxGef;wdkYom;tzeJY rdwfaqG

jzpfMuw,f qdkygawmY ... }}

]] 'DuaeYnae usKyfeef;awmfujyefrvmcif tdrfrSm cifeJY udkpHxGef;wdkY om;tzESpfa,mufyJ

½Sdw,f? AdkvfuawmfuvJ vmpDeJY wy,fNrKdUudk 0g*Grf;odrf;zdkYoGm;aew,f? usKyf eef;awmfujyefvmvdkY

tdrfay:a&mufawmY twGif;cef;rBuD;xJrSm udkpHxGef;wdkY om;tz&,f? cif&,f? armifMuG,f0&,f? olUwynfh

NzKd;atmif&,f? ig;a,mufom; 0kef;0kef;'dkif;'dkif;eJY qGJvm;½kef;vm;jzpfaewmjrif&w,f? usKyfvJjrifjrifcsif;

... }}

]] a[Y a[Y ... bmjzpfMuwmvJvdkYatmfNyD; 0ifvmcJYwmyJ? 'gaywJY usKyfolwdkYqDra&mufcif

usKyfrsufpdatmufrSmyJ armifMuG,f0u udkpHxGef;orD; apm'g&mudk "meJYxdk;zdkY vdkufwmjrif&w,f ...}}

]] "m;eJYxdk;rdovm; }}

]] rxdk;rdbl;? udkpHxGef;u aemufuaeNyD; armifMuG,f0udk "m;eJYckwfcsvdkufw,f? 'DawmY ...

armifMuG,f0u apm'g&mqDrvdkufawmYyJ udkpHxGef;qD 0ifNyD; "m;eJYxdk;w,f? 'Dtcsdefr,f apm'g&mu

ysOfaxmifeH&Hcsdwfxm;wJY usKyf"m;,lNyD; armifMuG,f0udk vSrf;ckwfvdkufw,f? armifMuG,f0u jyefNyD;

ckcHao;w,f? odkYayr,fY ...'Pf&mujyif;vdkY csufcsif;vJusoGm;w,f? NzKd;atmifeJY cifuawmY ...

eHab;uMunfhaewmyJ ...}}

]] tck ajymaewmawG[m usKyfrsufpdatmufrSm jrif&wmawGajymwm? usKyfa&mufawmY

jzefajzr,fvkyfcg½Sdao;? apm'g&mu ckwfvdkufvdkY armifMuG,f0 csufcsif;vdkvJusoGm;wmyJ? 'geJy usKyfvJ

0wÅ&m;twdkif; uif;½kH;oGm;wdkif? NrKdUpma&;eJY axmifrSL;qDwdkifMum; ...armifMuG,f0vJ olUrdbqD

taMumif;Mum;vdkufvdkY tck armifMuG,f0udk olUrdbrsm;tdrfydkY? udkpHxGef;wdkY om;tzvJ axmifrSL;u

ac:NyD; vufraxmufwef;csxm;w,f }}

]] Adkvfrif;ra&mufcifawmY ...olwdkYb,fvdkjzpfMuovJ ...}}

]] rm&D ...ajymvdkufyg }}

[k ukvm;Adkvfu jyifopfvdkajymvdkuf&m ...cifopfvnf; axG;jrrsufESmudk tm;udk;vdkaom

rsufESmxm;rsKd;ESifY MunfhNyD;vQif ...

]] nae okH;csufwD;ausmfavmufupNyD; uRefr aemufaz;O,smOfxJqifNyD; tdrfutapcHawG

yef;yifpdkufwm Munfhaew,f ...}}

]] uRefr O,smOfxJqif;vmawmY tdrfay:rSm nDrav; apmapmeJY azaz ESpfa,mufxJ usef&pfw,f?

azazu tdrfOD;cef;? oltdyfwJYtcef;rSm 0iftdyfaew,f? nDrav;uawmY aemufaz;aqmifrSm

oeyfcg;vdrf;ae&pfw,f ...}}

]] aemuftawmfMumvdkY uRefrtdrfay:wufvmawmY ... qif0ifcef;rSm NzKd;atmifxdkifaewm

awGU&w,f? twGif;cef;rxJ 0ifvmawmY ...vm; vm;? nDrav; apmapm&JUqHyifudk MuG,f0u qGJNyD;

nDrav;yg;udk vufBuD;eJY wtm;½dkufwmudk jrif&w,f ½SifY? uRefrjzifY ckxufxd nDrav;tpm;

MuG,f0tay:rSm a'gojzpfvdkYrqkH;bl;? 'geJY uRefrvJ ½Sifb,fYES,fvkyfwmvJqdkNyD; twif;0if MuG,f0udk

wGef;xdk;vkyfwmaygY ...}}

Page 82: shwe_sakkyar___kone_baung_pyin_thit

]] 'Dvdkvkyfaewkef; azaztdyf&mxJuxvmNyD; ...bmjzpfMuvJar;awmY? MuG,f0u apmapmudk

yg;qGJ½dkufw,fvdkY uRefruajymvdkufawmY? azazu rif;bmjzpfvdkY igYorD;apmfum;&ovJqdkNyD; MuG,f0udk

yg;qGJ½dkufw,f? MuG,f0u azazYudk acG;rom;BuD; eifigYtaMumif;rodbl;vm;qkdNyD; olUcg;u "m;udk

qGJcRwfNyD; azazYudkxdk;w,f }}

]] xdk;rdovm; ...}}

]] xdk;rdw,f? [dkusjrif&ygvdrfYr,f? azazYudk 'Dvdkxdk;wm nDrav;ujrifawmY tem;rSm½SdwJY

uJvm;wkwfqGJNyD; MuG,f0udkvSrf;½dkufw,f? 'DawmYMuG,f0u nDrav;udk "m;eJYxdk;&atmifvdkufwmyJ?

tJ'DtcsdefrSm tdrfavScg; zdeyfcRwftwufeJY qif0ifcef;Mum; armifBuD;a&mufvmwmjrif&w,f?

'DaemufawmY armifBuD;jrifwJYtwdkif;ygyJ }}

xdktcsdefwGif ae0ifí rD;rsm;qGJxGef;Muav\/

]] MuG,f0"m; tckb,frSmvJ }}

]] axmifrSL;qD tyfxm;cJYNyD }}

]] "m;rSm aoG;pGef;ovm; }}

]] pGef;½kHb,furvJ? ododomom aoG;awGayaewmyJ }}

]] NzKd;atmifuaum bmvkyfovJ? qif0ifcef;rSm xdkifaewmyJvm; }}

]] azazu MuG,f0udk yg;½dkufawmY ajy;vmw,f? 'gaywJY tem;a&mufawmY bmrSrvkyf0HYbJ

rwfwwf&yfNyD; ...rvkyfMuygeJY rvkyfMuygeJYqdkNyD; atmfaewmyJ }}

]] aeygOD; ...MuG,f0u cifYnDrav;udk bmjzpfvdkY qHyifqGJ yg;½dkuf&wmvJ }}

xdktcg cifopfu jyifopfpum;jzifY ...

]] tckajymcJYwmawGu uRefrrsufpdeJY jrif&wmawGajymwmaemf? uRefr ra&mufcif tjzpftysuf

uawmY nDrav;ajymwJYtwdkif;od&wmyJ? uRefr nDruav;uvJ r[kwfwm vdrfrajymwwfygbl;½Sif?

MuG,f0a&mufvmrSef;odawmY nDrav;u xGuf{nfhcHowJY? tdrfom;awG b,foGm;ukefMuovJvdkY

MuG,f0uar;awmY ...r½SdMubl;? rreJY vmpDu wy,fNrKdUoGm;w,f? azazu tdyfaew,f? rrcif

(cifopf)u O,smOfxJoGm;w,f? armifBuD;u eef;awmfjyefrvmao;bl;vdkY ususeeajymjyowJY ...

'DawmY MuG,f0u pyfrdpyf&m pum;enf;enf;ajymNyD; nDrav;udkcspfwJYtaMumif; vlysKdpum;ajyma&mwJY?

nDrav;u 'DvdkrajymzdkY awmif;yefowJY? 'Dvdk awmif;yefae&if;u MuG,f0 tem;wdk;vm vufqGJNyD;

zufvSJwuif; qdkovdk twif;vkyfawmY? nDrav;uvJ rvkyfzdkYawmif;yef&if;yJ ½kef;uefukwfzJYvkyf&mu

MuG,f0yg;udk ½dkufvkdufowJY? NyD;awmY nDrav;u qJvJqJowJY? tJ'geJY MuG,f0u qHyifqGJ yg;½dkufwmyJ

vdkYajymw,f? [kwfrSmygyJ? MuG,f0 0goem wNrKdUvkH;odaewm? bmr,kHp&m½SdovJ }}

[k ajymjyvkdufNyD;vQif ...

]] uJ ...q&m? 'D[mawGxm;NyD; wef;ajymif;&atmif vkyfay;prf;ygOD;? q&mY aus;Zl; rarYygbl;}}

[k jrefrmvdk ta&;wBuD;xm; ajymvdkufav\? axG;jrrajymrD aywvlu ...

]] trSKb,fvdkaeovJ }}

[k vdk&if; aumufar;vdkuf&m ...

]] Munfhvkyf&wmaygY Adkvfrif;? odyfBuD;awmY rpdk;&drfygeJY }}

[k ajzvdkufNyD;rS ...

]] zGm;bufausmfwef;awmY &r,frxifbl;? 'dkif;awmfwef;avmuf&&if awmfa&maygY }}

[k ajymvdkufav\/

Page 83: shwe_sakkyar___kone_baung_pyin_thit

]] q&mu xm;ay;&if&wmaygY? q&mudk,fwkdifu "m;ydkif tmPmydkif a½TNrKdUawmf0efBuD;yJ }}

[k cifopfu ajymvdkuf&m ...

]] 'Dvdkav ..."m;ydkif? tmPmydkifqdkaywJY wzufuvmrJYab;vJ Munfh&ao;wmudk? NyD;awmY

a½SUa&;vJMunfh&ao;w,f? tck cPuav; acsmifcsdwm odyfvdkufvdkYrjzpfbl; }}

[k axG;jru ajymvdkufojzifY ...cifopfrSm rauseyfovdkjzpfoGm;um ...

]] q&mYa½SUa&;twGuf iJYuGufae&ifawmY ...}}

[k ajymvdkufrS axG;jru vuf0g;umjyum ...jyifopfpum;jzifY ...

]] tdk tdk ...'Dvdkr[kwfygbl;? q&mYa½SUa&;ajymwmr[kwfbl;? 'DtrSK&JU a½SUa&;ajymwm }}

[k ajymvdkufav\/

cifopfvnf; xdktcgrS twefi,f auseyfoa,mifjzpfoGm;av\/

]] [kwfygw,f? ]]wef;}} u 'Davmufta&;rBuD;vSygbl;? tck armifaxG;jrajymovdk vdk&if;u

trSKrSmwnfaewm? trSKoufomrS [efusrSm }}

[k aywvluajymNyD; axG;jronf aemufvdkufESpfa,mufudkac:um aywvl? cifopfwdkYESifYtwl

eef;awmfta½SUbuf a½SU½kH;awmfac:&mZ0wf½kH; awmifbufem;½Sd vufraxmufwef;odkY vmcJYMuav\/

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Page 84: shwe_sakkyar___kone_baung_pyin_thit

]] axmifrSL; armifol& oGm;ac:vdkufprf; }}

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cifopfESifY aywvlum; wapäajcmufjcif;cH&ouJYodkY jzpfysufykHudkem;rvnfbJ tHYMopGmjzifY

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atmufarYrdav\/

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Page 86: shwe_sakkyar___kone_baung_pyin_thit

axG;jrvnf; tdrfa&mufNyD; t0wfrsm;vJvS,fum? cifopftwGufvnf; cifcifBuD;xHrS

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vGwfvGwfvyfvyf oabm½Sdajymqdk wkdifyifaeMujyefaomaMumifY omírcHr&yfEdkifjzpfoGm;um ...

axG;jrtay:ü ,cifuxm;cJYaomOayu©mpdwfrsm; vGifYpifuG,faysmufNyD; ]]axG;jr[m igYa,mufsm;yJ}}

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vlysKdwOD;toGif xifjrifvsuf½Sdav\/

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bl;vm; }}

Page 87: shwe_sakkyar___kone_baung_pyin_thit

]] a½TNrKdUawmf0efvkyfaeNyD; trSKudk udk,fwkdifrw&m;qifay;&if opömaygufvdkY 'ku©a&muf

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Page 88: shwe_sakkyar___kone_baung_pyin_thit

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Page 93: shwe_sakkyar___kone_baung_pyin_thit

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cifopfa&mufvmojzifY tcefYoifYjzpfoGm;um ...pmMunfhaqmifodkYac:cJYNyD; rdrdESifY cifcifBuD;

tajctaeudk ½Sif;vif;ajymjyvkduf&m cifopfrSm r,kHw0uf ,kHw0ufESifY tHYtm;oifYoGm;av\/

]] 'Dvdk wa,mufeJY wa,muf 'DpdwfrsKd;r½SdMubJeJY bmjzpfvdkY vufxyfMuwmvJq&m }}

]] vlBuD;rdbpum; ry,f0HYvdkY vufxyf&wm? vlBuD;awGuvJ wtdrfxJae wa&xJaomuf?

a½Tbkda&mufuwJu twlaeNyD; &if;&if;ESD;ESD;jzpf cspfBuKdufpkHrufaew,fxifNyD; tvdkufod tvdkyg

vkyfNyD; xdrf;jrm;ay;vdkufwmyJ? tJ'DtaMumif;udk cifcifBuD;udk,fwkdif 0efcHjy&if ,kHEkdifr,fr[kwfvm;?

q&meJY cif&JU &mZ0ifudkawmY olUajymNyD;NyD }}

]] tdk ...q&muvJ ½Sufp&mBuD;? b,fYES,fajymypfvdkuf&wmvJ }}

]] udpör½Sdygbl;? rSefwmajym opömwJY ...waeUus od&rJYtwlwlbJ }}

[k ajymNyD;vQif tcef;xJuxGufoGm;um cifcifBuD;udkac:vmcJYav&m? cifopfESifY cifcifBuD;rSm

wa,mufrsufESmwa,muf ½Suftrf;trf;MunfhNyD; ESKwfquf&cuf? rquf&cuf jzpfysufaeMupOf?

axG;jru rdwfqufoabmajymjyNyD; rdrdESifY cifcifBuD; tajctae rnfodkYaexdkif ajymqdk? BuHpnfxm;

MuykHudk ½Sif;jyvsuf ... cifopfzufrsufESmvSnhfí ...

Page 94: shwe_sakkyar___kone_baung_pyin_thit

]] tJ'gyJ cif&JU? wa,mufeJY wa,muf aygif;zl;bkdYa0;vdkY ukefukefajymr,f? vufcsif;awmif

rxdzl;Mubl;? (cifcifBuD;udk ar;igYjyum) oluvJ q&mYtay:rSm vifpdwf om;pdwf wPSmpdwfrsKd;eJY

enf;enf;rS rcspfbl;? q&muvJ olUudk om;pdwf r,m;pdwfrsKd;eJY enf;enf;rS arwÅmr½dSbl;? tck

vufxyfNyD;wm wvausmfoGm;NyD? aemuf 4? 5 vMum&if olr,foDv&ifvkyfr,f? 4 v? 5 v

qdkwmvJ ½kwfw&ufrdkY raumif;vSvdkY qkdif;ae&wm? oluawmY ckcsufjcif;awmif vkyfcsifaewmyJ?

ol r,foDv&ifvkyfNyD;&if (cifopfbufvSnfhum) cifeJY q&meJY vufxyfcsifw,f ...}}

[k ajymvdkufav\/

cifcifBuD;ESifY cifopfum; bmrSrajymbJ em;axmifvufpESifY ai;pdkufrSKdifawGaeMuav&m

axG;jru cifcifBuD;udk ar;xdk;NyD; ...

]] uJ ...ajymjyvdkufprf;yg cif&JU }}

[k cdkif;vdkufojzifY cifcifBuD;u axG;jrrsufESm 0rf;enf;aomtrlt&mjzifY MunfhNyD;vQif ...

]] bmajym&rSmvJ }}

[k jyefar;vdkufav\/

]] tck udkaxG;jrajymwJYtwdkif; trSefyJqdkwmaygY }}

cifcifBuD;u bmrSjyefrajymbJ ai;ae&m ...cifopfu cifcifBuD;bufvSnfhNyD; ...

]] uRefreJY 'Dq&meJY [dk a½TbkdNrKdUawmfaewkef;u ...cspfcifzl;MuwmawmY trSefygyJ? 'gayr,fY

,dk;',m;ujyefa&mufuwnf;u vlcsif; wOD;eJYwOD; txifvGJNyD;uGJaeMu&mu ...q&meJY 0efuawmf

vufxyfNyD;wmMum;&awmY q&mYtay:rSm 'DpdwfrsKd;rxm;awmYygbl;? 0efuawmftay:rSmvJ b,fvdkrS

remvdkpdwfrsKd;r½Sd&ygbl;? olUuHeJY olUtaMumif;udkvdkY atmufarYNyD; ...ausauseyfeyf? tpyftoG,f

r½SdbJ at;at;aecJYwm? tck 'DtrSKusrS rwwfomvdkYod&ygw,f? od&onfhwdkifatmif uRefru

twefwef jiif;y,fwmygyJ? odkYayr,fY q&mu olU'ku©udk ulnDygOD;ajymwmeJY ]]tif;}} vdkuf&wmyg?

q&meJY 0efuawmfjzpfykH[m ...q&majymjywJYtwkdif; trSefyJvm; 0efuawmff&JU ...}}

[k ar;vdkufojzifY cifcifBuD;vnf; 0rf;enf;aMuuGJ? vSKdufvSKdufvSJvSJ jzpfae&mu axG;jr\

&uf&ufpufpufajym&ufykHudk emovkdvdkvnf;jzpfrd? rdrd e*dkrmeudkvnf;rcscsif? rdrda½SUwGif ol\

&nf;pm;a[mif;udk ac:iifjyoum ...txifcHvkyfykHudkvnf; pdwfem? trsKd;rsKd; a'G;a&mOy'f

rqkH;jzwfEdkifbJ jzpfaeNyD;rS ...

]] [kwfygw,f? trSefygyJ }}

[k ajymvdkufav\/

cifopfum; auseyfaomrsufESmrsKd;jzpfoGm;um ...

]] aMomf ...trSefyJudk }}

[k qdkvdkufav\/

axG;jru cifopfudkMunfhNyD; ...

]] ,kHNyDvm; cif&JU ...}}

[k ar;vdkufpOfyif cifcifBuD;u ...

]] uJ ...uRefrudpö NyD;NyDr[kwfvm; }}

[k ar;vdkuf&m ...

]] NyD;ygNyD ...}}

Page 95: shwe_sakkyar___kone_baung_pyin_thit

[k axG;jru qdkvdkufojzifY cifcifBuD;vnf; cifopfudkMunfhum ...

]] oGm;vdkufygOD;r,faemf ...}}

[k ESKwfqufNyD; tcef;xJu xGufoGm;av\/

axG;jronf cifopfESifY twefMumatmif cspfwif;ESD;aESmaeNyD;aemuf? ½kkH;csdefa&mufojzifY

vlcsif;cGJum ½kH;odkYxGufvmcJY&m ...cifopfvnf; tdrfjyefoGm;av\/

cifcifBuD;um; xdkaeYwaeYvkH; tcef;xJwGif rdrdwd k Y jzpfyk Hud kpOf;pm;um rdrdtwGuf

woufvkH;ta&;udk trsKd;rsKd;awG;awmvsuf yifyef;pGm pdwftvkyfvkyfaeav\/

axG;jronf xdkaeYnae vrf;avQmuf&mu jyefvmNyD;? tcef;xJwGif pdwful;,OfaepOf ñSKd;i,f

0rf;enf;aomtoGifjzifY cifcifBuD;0ifvmum cgwdkif;xdkifaeus ckwifajc&if;bufü vuf&ef;udkrSDNyD;

BuKHUBuKHU½kHU½kHUxdkifaeav&m axG;jrvnf; acgif;&if;bufodkY wdk;a½TUvsuf ckwiftkH;wm;udkrSD&if; ...

]] bmudpövJ cif }}

[k ar;vdkufav\/

]] ajymp&menf;enf;½SdvdkYaygY udkaxG;jr&,f? vmwmawmif rvmapcsifawmYbl;vm; ...}}

]] q&meJY rcifopfwdkYawmY aysmfaysmfBuD; ae&pfMuayawmYaemf? uRefrawmY b0ua&puf

rygvdkY r,foDv½Sifvkyf&awmYr,f? r,foDv½SifvkyfaywJY Mum½Snfae&r,frxifygbl; }}

[k 0rf;enf;oHESifYajymvdkuf&m ...axG;jru ...

]] bmjzpfvdkY Mum½Snfae&r,f rxifwmvJ }}

[k ar;vdkufojzifY

]] toufwdkrSm rdkYvdkYaygY½Sif ..}}

]] bmjzpfvdkY toufwkd&rSmvJ ...}}

]] 'gavmuf pdwfraumif;wJYvl[m b,fYES,fvkyf touf½SnfrvJ? pdwfaxmif;udk,faus

a0'emrsKd;eJY ...}}

[k ajymae&if; toHwkefvmojzifY pum;jzwfxm;vdkuf&m? axG;jru ...

]] cifYrSm 'gavmuf pdwfraumif;p&m bmrsm;½SdvdkYvJ? udkaxG;jrwwfEdkif&if ulnDaqmif½Guf

ay;ygYr,f? ajymprf;yg ...}}

[k ar;vdkufrS cifcifBuD;vnf; vSKdufvSKdufvSJvSJ aMuuGJ0rf;enf;jcif;udk NzKdzsufzdESdyfzdkY rpGrf;Edkif

awmYbJ Munfvif0if;xdefaom rsufvkH;tdrfESpfckrS rsuf&nfrsm;pD;usvsuf toHwkef&DpGmESifYyif ...

]] uRefrajym&rSm odyf½Sufygw,f½Sif? uRefrb0uqdk;vGef;vdkY ckvdk udkaxG;jru &uf&ufpufpuf

vkyf&ufwmaygY }}

[k ajymNyD;vQif w½SKwf½SKwfESifY BudwfíidkaMuG;av&m axG;jrrSm tBuD;tus,ftHtm;oifYum

cifcifBuD;jzpfykH em;rvnfEdkifatmifjzpfvsuf? xdkodkYem;rvnfjcif;udk tcsdef,lpOf;pm;raetm;bJ csufcsif;

vufiif; oem; u½kPmjzpfvmum cifcifBuD;tem; oGm;a&mufí rsufESmcsif;qdkifxdkif&if; idkjcif;

taMumif; &dyfrdvsufESifYyif ...

]] udkaxG;jr bmrSr&ufpuf&ygvm; cif&JU? udkaxG;jru b,fvdkvkyfrdvdkYvJ ...}}

[k yckH;udkudkifí Muifem,k,pGm ar;av\/

]] 'Dxuf &ufpuf&OD;rvm; udkaxG;jr&,f? vludk r,foDv&ifvkyfckdif;NyD; wzufom;a½SUrSm

&uf&ufpufpuf rcspfbl;ajymvdkufwm ...}}

Page 96: shwe_sakkyar___kone_baung_pyin_thit

]] tdk ...'gu cifudk,fwkdifu r,foDv&ifvkyfr,f? udkaxG;jrjzifY rcspfEkdif? raygif;Edkifbl;

ajymxm;vdkY cifYoabmusajym&wm? EdkY ...cifu udkaxG;jrudk cspfrsm;aeovm; ...}}

[k ajymvdkuf&m cifcifBuD;u vufESifY rsuf&nfokwfae&if; acgif;NidrfYvdkufojzifY axG;jrrSm

tHYtm;oifYoGm;um ...

]] tdk ...'Dvdkqdk&ifvJ cif&,f ...tpuajymygawmY? pum;awGvGefukefrS ...}}

cifcifBuD;rSm cifopfxuf ½kyf&nfrnHhonfhjyif cifopfxuf 4 ESpfausmf 5 cefYi,f½G,fí

EkxGwfpdkajy&mwGif ydkrdkvsuf½Sd&m ...ol\ woufvkH;uxm;cJYaom rmevnf;uscJYNyDjzpfí

rdbt½SdefESifY tdrfwGifaecJY&zl;aom aus;Zl;vnf;½SdojzifY rdrdu jyefírcspfygbl;ajymum y,f½Sm;&ef

vkH;vkH;roifYawmfaMumif; pOf;pm;rdav\/

trSeftm;jzifY rdrdudk,frSmvnf; ol rcspfomrcspfbJae&onf? ol cspfvQifjyefí cspfcsif?

cspfEkdifaompdwfrsKd;½SdcJY&um; ...tusyfBuKHoGm;av\/

]] tpuawmY ½SufwmeJY rajymbJaewm? udk,fYvifudk,fYom;jzpfvmrifY rcspfbJ aeygYrvm;}}

[k idkoHygBuD;ESifY wkefwkef&D&D ajymvdkuf&m ...axG;jrvnf; rdrda½SUwGif rdrdudk cspfcif

pkHrufygonf[k twdtvif;ajymaeaom r,m;acsm tom;jzLwkH;uav;tm; ,lBuKH;r&aom rsufpdjzifY

Munfhae&mrS oem;cspfpdwfrsm; ,dkzdwfvmum? &ifcGifay:odkY qGJ,layGUydkufí ESpfNcKdufpGm azmif;jynfh

tdpufaom yg;uav;udk arT;csvdkufpOf NAKH;ueJ cifopf0ifvmojzifY ESpfa,mufom; Muufaoaoum

rsufESmrxm;wwfatmifjzpfaeNyD;rS cifcifBuD;udk &ifcGifay:ucsNyD; ckwifacgif;&if; tkH;wm;em;

oGm;a&mufxdkifaeav\/

cifopfonf cifcifBuD;ESifY ,SOfxdkifvsuf axG;jrbufrsufESmrlaeojzifY rsufvkH;csif;

qkHoGm;av&m ...axG;jrvnf; ½kwfw&uf ½Sufoa,mif jzpfoGm;NyD;rS £a`E´qnfum ajym&rnfh

twlwl vufiif;vnf;rdaeojzifY rxl;awmYbl;oabmydkufí rdrdESifY cifcifBuD;\ ,aeYtajctaeudk

ajymjyum wOD;udkwOD; rypfEkdifawmYonfhtaMumif; ½Sif;vif;jyNyD;vQif ...

]] cufwmyJ cif&JU? 'DrSmuvJ 'DvdkjzpfaeNyD? cifYudkvJ rcspfbJraeEkdifbl;? odyfusyfwmyJ ...}}

[k ajymvdkufav\/

cifopfum; tcef;jyifbufwGif 0ifvdkY awmfrSawmfygYrvm;? {nfhcef;uae ac:,lrvm;

ponfjzifY pOf;pm;aepOf axG;jrESifY cifcifBuD;ajymMuykH tvkH;pkHavmufMum;&&m? aemufqkH;wGif

]]udk,fYvifudk,fYom; jzpfvmrifY rcspfbJaeygYrvm; ...}} [laom cifcifBuD;toHMum;&NyD; ...

pum;oHwdwfoGm;ojzifY rawmfwa&mfjzpfrnfudk onf;rcHEkdifbJ 0ifvmcJYjcif;jzpfav\/

]] 'gYaMumifY uRefr tpu q&mYudk pOf;pOf;pm;pm;vkyfzdkY tcgcgajymw,fr[kwfvm;? q&mu

a½SUavmBuD;NyD; ta&;wBuD;ajymqkdypfwm ...uRefru a½Smifvdkuf½k HaygY ? uRefrtwGuf

0efrav;ygbl;...}}

]] q&mawmY ESpfa,mufpvkH; ,lxm;csifwmyJ ...}}

[k ajymvdkuf&m cifopfu&,fí ...

]] [m ...'DvdkawmY b,f&rvJq&m ...}}

[k ajymvdkufvQif cifcifBuD;u ...

]] uRefruawmY b,fvdkjzpfjzpf auseyfygw,f ...}}

[k ajymvdkufav\/

Page 97: shwe_sakkyar___kone_baung_pyin_thit

cifopfrSm tay:&du omrntm;jzifY rdrdtwGuf 0efrav;aMumif; &,farmajymqkd&apumrl?

tcspfrSm tjrpfodkY a&mufaeojzifY ESvkH;om;rsm; 0½kef;okef;um;jzpfum wkefvSKyfacsmufcsm;oGm;av\/

]] tif; ...usyfwmyJ cif&,f? q&mawmY rpdrf;um;vdkufygeJYOD;aemf? cifYudk ajymqdkrdwmawG

aAGr,lzdkY awmif;yefygw,f }}

cifopfonf twefMum pum;a&mazma&mESifY ajymqdkNyD;aemuf ae0ifvkonfESifY ESKwfquf

jyefoGm;av\/

xdkaeYrSpí axG;jrESifY cifcifBuD;rSm vifr,m;tjzpf cspfcifaygif;oif;aeMu&m? axG;jrrSm

cifcifBuD;udk cspfaomfvnf; cifopfudkvnf;rcspfbJ raeEkdifojzifY cifopftwGuf wrSKdifrSKdif

wawGawGESifY £a`E´r&jzpfae&m cifcifBuD;onf axG;jrtaMumif; twGif;odjzpfí rdrdvifom;tm;

oem;u½kPmoufrdum cifopfudk,lvdku ,lcGifYjyKaMumif; ajymjyvdkufav\/

]] cufw,f cif&,f? cifY bbbk&m;u vufrxyfcifu om;i,f? r,m;i,f tqG,ftyGm;

r,lzdkY y#dnmOfawmif;xm;vdkY y#dnmOfay;xm;&w,f }}

]] 'gjzifY olawmY ...bmjzpfvdkY ESpfa,muf,lxm;&ovJ ...}}

axG;jrrSm cifopftwGuf waeYwjcm; pdwfaxmif;udk,fausjzpfum? tpm;rrSef toGm;rrSef

rl[efysufvmav&m cifopfrSmrl xdkYxufyifuJae½Smav\/

taMumif;rlum; axG;jrrSm azsmfajzp&m teD;wGif cifcifBuD;½Sdao;í cifopfrSm xdkodkY

azsmfajzp&mr½SdaomaMumifYwnf;/

wnoü axG;jronf t&JpGefYum wdkufpdk;BuD;xH rdrd y#dnmOf jyef½kyfodrf;&ef tBuHrsKd;ESifY

xGufvmcJY&m? {nfhcef;wGif rawGUojzifY pmMunfhaqmifrsm;a&mufaeovm;[k pmMunfhaqmif

0ifa&mufMunfh&mvnf; rawGU&aomaMumifY wkdufpd k;BuD;wa,mufxJ tdyfaomtcef;em;

oGm;a&mufum &pfoD&pfoDvkyfaepOf ...

]] ½SifYorufu ukvm;AdkvfESr jyifopfreJY bmvdkvdkMum;ygvm; ...}}

]] ckrS Mum;aeovm;? [dk a½Tbdkaeuwnf;u igodvmwm? w,fyg;wJYrdef;r? 'grsKd;awGjrifvdkY

NrKdU0efjzpfNyD; csufcsif; ta&;wBuD;vkyfypfvdkuf&wm? ½kwfw&ufajymr&vdkY pnfomeJY udkifvSJU

vdkuf&wmaygY }}

]] <u,f0trSKwkef;uqdk&if ukvm;jzLru tdrfudkawmif vmtdyfowJY? waeYurS tapcHawGu

ajymvdkYod&wm ...}}

]] vufrxyfcifuawmY aoaocsmcsm y#dnmOfay;xm;wmyJ? 'gaywJY olu rvdkufemvJ

bmwwfEkdifrSmvJ ... bmjzpfjzpf udk,fYorD; yGJwufr,m; vufqkHpm;jzpf&ifyJ auseyf&rSmaygY }}

axG;jronf wkdufpdk;BuD;\ tcef;0rSaeí xdkpum;rsm;udk Mum;vdkuf&av\? rdrdudk cifcifBuD;ESifY

ay;pm;cJYaom wdkufpdk;BuD;\ OmPfudkvnf; rsm;pGmtHYMooGm;av\/

xdktcgrS axG;jrvnf; cifopfESifY rdrdwkdYa½SUa&;awG;í pdwfat;oGm;rdav\? xdkYaemuf

wdkufpdk;uawmfav;xHodkYoGm;um tenf;i,f pum;pjrnfajymqdkNyD;vQif twefMumaomtcg

jyefvmcJYav\/

axG;jronf tdrfodkYjyefa&mufonfESifY xdktaMumif;udk cifcifBuD;tm;ajymjyNyD; xdkaeYrSpí

pdwfcsrf;ompGm½dSMuav\/

Page 98: shwe_sakkyar___kone_baung_pyin_thit

aemufwvcefY Mumaomtcg tif;0a½TNrKdUawmf0efBuD; aZ,s*grPd ac: axG;jrESifY

oufawmfapmifYAdkvfrif;\ ESr cifopfwdkY vlBuD;pkH&mESifY vufxyfxdrf;jrm;vdkufMuav\/

axG;jronf r,m;ESpfa,mufESifYtwl tdrfBuD;ü csrf;ompGmpHpm;NyD;vQif? OD;pHxGef;wdkY om;tz

udkvnf; tdrfodkYac:,lxm;NyD; apm'g&mudkrl c,frcspfuav;tjzpf apmifYa½Smufxm;av\/ /

NyD;ygNyD/NyD;ygNyD/NyD;ygNyD/NyD;ygNyD/NyD;ygNyD/