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Power Technology Issue 115
Siemens Industry, Inc.
Siemens PTI’s Microgrid Paper Recognized as one of the “Best Papers” at IEEE General Meeting in Vancouver, Canada
Bo Yang Staff Consultant [email protected]
David LoveladySenior Consultant
The technical paper “A Scenario Driven Reliability Assessment Approach for Microgrids” received accolades at this summer’s IEEE General Meeting. The paper presents a novel approach to quantify reliability improvements through the use of distributed generation and microgrids, along with a demonstration using a simplified distribution power system model of the Miramar Military Base in San Diego. The demonstration was performed using a microgrid simulation tool designed by the Siemens PTI team.
Microgrids are stated to improve reliability and even offer resiliency. The question is, how can we estimate the improvements in reliability for any microgrid design? Traditionally reliability is performed through probabilistic methods that are based on a single time scenario, i.e. one generation dispatch, one network topology and one load level. However, a microgrid consists of multiple elements that can vary significantly hour by hour, such as topology, distributed energy resource (DER) dispatch and loads. To address this issue Siemens PTI developed a solution by breaking down the problem into five steps, as shown in the diagram below:
NetworkModeling
Simplify the 8760 Scenarios
Perform Probabilistic Reliability Simulations
Perform Annual MicrogridSimulations Hour-by-Hour
CalculateWeighted ReliabilityIndices
Figure 1 – Five-step Approach to Microgrid Reliability Assessment
The first step involves creating the detailed power system network model in PSS®SINCAL, including controllable and intermittent distributed generation (DG), energy storage, demand response (DR) and load, plus the associated time dependant profiles, as shown in Figure 2.
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Figure 2 - 1st Image from Left: Network and DG, 2nd Image: Load Profile 3rd Image: Intermittent DG Profile
The second step determines the economic dispatch of energy storage, controllable and intermittent generation to supply the load and then performs 8760 AC steady state power flow (PF) simulations, i.e. each hour of one year. The results of one week’s worth of simulation results are shown below.
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Figure 3 - Power Flow Results of the Load and DER Supply for One Week
The third step takes the PF results and creates continuous annual duration curves for load and each DER, then segments the curves in discrete form (to reduce the number of reliability scenarios from 8760 to 381 for the military base model) and finally identifies the cumulative occurrence probability of each scenario, as shown below.
Figure 4 - 1st Image from Left: Segmented Duration Curves 2nd Image: Cumulative Occurrence Probability
The fourth step performs stand-alone reliability evaluations with given load demand and DG state for each scenario (381) and collects the SAIFI, SAIDI and EENS indices.
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The fifth step calculates the weighted reliability indices for SAIFI, SAIDI and EENS using the occurrence probability for two modes of operation:
Ability to seamlessly switch Passive grid only
Figure 5 - Dashboard Showing the Final Reliability Results Along with Other Data
The 2013 IEEE GM meeting took place in Vancouver Canada July 21 -25 and the Siemens PTI team presented the paper in two sessions: “Best paper at Paper session” and “Best paper at Poster session.” The team comprised of Bo Yang and David Lovelady from the Schenectady Office; Satish Natti from the Houston office; and Holger Mueller and Liang Tao from the Erlangen Office, worked in a collaborative effort to write this award-winning paper.
Dr. Bo Yang and David Lovelady from the Schenectady Office
Subject to change without prior notice.
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