simple water level controller circuit with microcontroller and alarm

Simple Water Level Controller Circuit with Microcontroller and

Alarm

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Simple Water Level Controller Circuit with Microcontroller and Alarm

Water Level Controller Using Microcontroller

A Water level controller using 8051 microcontroller is a low-cost controller that is capable of managing water levels in different systems like water tanks, boilers and swimming pools, etc. Water level controller can be used in houses, industries, factories, power plants, chemical plants and other liquid storage systems to save power and money.

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Water Level Controller Using Microcontroller







Water Level Controller Circuit

A water-level-controller circuit monitors the level of the overhead tank.

It spontaneously switches on the water pump whenever the level goes below a specific limit.

The level of the overhead tank is indicated using 5 LEDs.

The pump is switched off when the overhead tank gets completely filled up.








The water level controller circuit does not allow the pump to start if the water level inside the sump goes low.

It switches off the pump even during the pumping period if the water level

inside the sump sinks low while the process of pumping the water towards the overhead tank continues.

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Water Level Controller Circuit consists of four probes arranged in an overhead tank and is interfaced with port 2 of the microcontroller.

The probes are arranged in such a way that they sense ¼th, 1/2, ¾th and even full levels.

They are placed with equal spacing one above the other with the bottom

positive probe. A positive voltage supply is placed at the bottom of the overhead tank.








A full-level probe is placed in the tank and the other end is connected to the base of the transistor Q4 through a resistor R16.

Whenever the water level rises to the maximum, then the current flows through the base of the transistor.

The programming is done in the microcontroller and sends the data to the

microcontroller and LED.

D1 indicates the level of water and the motor switches off automatically whenever the water level goes below the full-level probe.








The base of the transistor Q2 opens by switching it off; the collector voltage of Q2 is high at P2.4.

Which means the tank is not full and the same process is applied to the remaining sensing probes ¼, 1/2, ¾.

They are connected to the base of the transistors q1,q2,q3 and interfaced

with the ports p2.5, p2.6, and p2.7. The programming is done within the 8051 microcontroller.








The LED D3, D4 and D5 glow as an indication of the levels (¼, 1/2 and empty).

Then the transistor gets on and the motor will be on.

The ports P0.0, P0.1, P0.2, P0.3 and P0.4 are interfaced with the LEDs.

This is for the purpose of indicating the levels and is connected to the

resistors.







The port P0.5 is used to control the pump.

The transistor Q6 remains on as the relay also gets activated.

The port P0.7 is connected to the LED D7 as an indication of low level

in the sump and the LED glows.

Alarm speaker used in Water Level Indicator circuit








Water Level Indicator Circuit with an Alarm

For a particular level, the sensing probes enable appropriate pins of the microcontroller.

When these pins are logic high, the microcontroller sends control signals to

the speaker as well as to the LED indicators depending on the program. The tone system attached to the alarm system gives level information as

‘tank is full’ and ‘tank is empty’.

So that the user can easily recognize the level of the water.







The level control is of contact type wherein the probes are in contact with liquid or water.

So there is a chance of it becoming corrosive easily.

This can be overcome by using a contactless sensor level measuring system.








Contactless Liquid Level Controller Kit







It uses an ultrasonic sensor to sense the level of the liquid in a tank.

This type of level-control system is useful where the liquids are of chemical in nature.

It is not practical and possible to use contact-type level sensors.

Contactless Liquid Level Controller








In Contactless liquid level controllers, the mains’ available power supply is rectified, filtered.

It regulated to a circuit operating range and is given to the microcontroller

and other circuit components.

The ultrasonic sensor is also powered by this regulated DC supply.








The Ultrasonic sensor attached to a liquid tank continuously monitors the set level limit.

Whenever this limit exceeds, the sensor gives input to the microcontroller.

Based on the program, the microcontroller sends control signals to the

transistor. Transistor is responsible for switching the relay so that the pump or

motor gets turned on or off.








Whenever the level distance, which is measured by centimetres falls below a set point limit.

The pump starts sensing the ultrasonic module signal coming out from the Transmitter sensor.

It gets reflected from the level and is received by the ultrasonic Receiver

sensor.

Then the output is fed to the microcontroller.








The level limit can be varied based on the user requirement by arranging ultrasonic sensor in appropriate place.

The level information is also displayed on a LCD display so that a user can

easily know the level in tank.







Contactless Liquid Level Controller Block Diagram







This is all about the water level controller using microcontroller with contact and contactless sensors. We hope that you have got a better understanding with the given circuits and its brief explanation.

Conclusion





simple water level controller circuit with microcontroller and alarm

Documents

level of water

level probe

water pump

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overhead tank