site investigation (geotechnical studies)
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Site Investigation
(Geotechnical Studies)Lecture 2
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Site Investigation
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Investigation Program
- Desk study- Site reconnaissance - Subsurface exploration
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- Areal photographs-Geological and topographical maps- Hydrological information- Any previous information on the site
Desk study
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Walk over survey
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Subsurface exploration
Planning
- Determine depth of investigation
- Determine extent of investigation
These depends on type and extension of the project .
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Depth
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Depth
.Spacing
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Spacing
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Methods
A- Test pits
- Constructed by excavation of
the ground
- Max depth is less than 5 m
- Provide good inspection and good
- Obtain good samples
- Problem of disturbance of ground
- Problem of ground water
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B- Boring
By drilling a hole into the ground using special motorized equipment .Boring enable the engineer to - identify subsurface condition,
- Perform insitu tests
- Obtain samples for tests in the laboratory
There are mainly Three widely used boring methodsa) Auguring (continuous flight auger)
b) Wash boring
c) Rock rotary drilling
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a) Continuous flight auger Continuous flight augers are available in diameters 76 to 305 mm
They either solid or hollow stem
Can go to depths up to 70 m
Can keep sides of borehole
Sampling and tests can be done
Good for cohesionless soils
Required power to drive
The flights of the auger brings
Loose soils to the top
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b) Wash boring
Casing is required and ,the method is fast but only wash samples can be obtained
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Rotary drilling
Drilling bit required water or
air for cooling and remove chops
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Sampling
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Degree of disturbance
Uiop[
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Thin walled tube
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