Storyboard For Multimedia Presentation: Tablets (iPad)

Segla KossiviEducational TechnologyWalden University

Introduction

BHHS faces academic performance problems at the state level (students failing Regents exams) and local level (reduced graduation rate and low grades on the school report card). The school fails to honor its mission to help students to achieve academic and personal growth, to challenge, and support pupils to reach their potential, and equip them with the necessary skills to become thinking and caring competent adults. The statistics prove the contrary of the administrators vision and goals for the students.

Presently, at the BHHS, 11% of students are scoring 65% in mathematics. The assistant principal (AP) math would like to remedy the low performance problem with a program intervention, which would assist students for a better performance than the actual.

The 2012 school report card revealed an overall of grade “C” as compared to the 2011 overall grade of “A”. In 2013, inside data disclosed that only 11% of students scored 65% or higher on the mathematics exam. The assistant principal (AP) of math is seeking a solution to raise the number of students scoring 65% to 65%. This would be an increase of 54% of students performing at 65% level.

Introduction

Tablet technologies stem from the need of a technology for representation, communication, planning, and coordination, in businesses and government (García, Quesada-Arencibia, Candela, Carrasco, & González, 2012) to bridge the gap between desktops and laptops, and between laptops and mobile phones (Kolakowski, 2012), for anywhere and anytime productivity, and provide suitable computing systems for information systems technologies. The augmented connections to markets and organizations permit training and learning, using virtualization and hosting technologies (Rine, 2003). The user-friendly and portable natures of tablets encourage users to purchase applications (apps) to enhance user quality and experience. Publishers seek to produce high quality reading content in formats that appeal to traditional advertisers. In addition, Bring Your Own Device (BOYD) program, allows employees to bring their personal device to workplace contributes to the diffusion of tablets. Moreover, the push for products diversification and gain for market shares of companies such as Samsung, Motorola, and other Android tablet makers continue to increase the diffusion of tablets as each company strive to perfect its competitive advantage. Apple, with its iPad tablets, increases its market share (Kolakowski, 2012) to rank almost neck to neck with Samsung. Tablets are the new way of interacting with anything and unlocking data and accessing function in every environment. The use of iPad as instructional tool in BBHS math classroom could increase students’ performance.

Proposed Solution

Introduction

Intuitive

Learning

Environment Intercon

nected

BetterLooking

ModernEducation

Mobile Learning

Flexible

Networked

Virtual

Global

Agenda

Need: Problem Giving Rise to The Innovation

Research Organization: Apple, Inc.

Development

Commercialization

Innovation-Decision Process

S-Curve

Attributes of Innovations

Organizational Innovations: Intended and Unintended Consequences of Innovations

The Need

Bridge Between iPhone and

Laptop

Think Diffe

rent

The NeedBridge Between

iPhone and Laptop

Laptops

iPod Touch

iPad MiniiPad 2iPad

The NeedBridge Between

iPhone and Laptop

Root Problem for the Rise of Tablets iPads in Education http://www.apple.com/education/ipad/

Tablet in Business http://www.apple.com/ipad/business/You might watch a video http://www.apple.com/ipad/videos/ - tv-ads-alive

Research Organization

Apple Inc.

Key Innovator: Steve Jobs

Development & ProblemsHardware: Overheating

Low Battery

Weak Wi-Fi

The Product

Product Innovation Time Line

Steve Jobs announced the iPads in 2010

The Product

IPad

Get Started

Commercialization

The production, manufacturing Packaging Marketing and Distribution of iPads.

SK

Commercialization

Commercialization

Creative Conferences Invitation CardsConferencesAdvertisementsMailsBlogs

Commercialization

Product: Shenzhen, China at Foxconn (30,000 employees)Manufacturing (undisclosed)Marketing (initial distribution in USA)Other countries (3-4 months later)Reduction in Price

www.apple.com/ipad/compare/

Tablet Operating Systems, Market Share Forecast and CAGR

Apple Leading

Tablet Operating Systems, Market Share Forecast and CAGR 2012-2016

Tablets OS2012

Market Share

2016 Market Share

CAGR 2012-2016

iOS 53.80% 49.70% 20.90%Androids 42.70% 39.70% 21.00%

Windows 2.90% 10.30% 69.20%

Other 0.60% 0.30% 7.70%

Grand Total 100% 100% 23.30%

Tablet Operating Systems, Market Share Forecast and CAGR 2012-2016

Commercialization

Retail Channel generating more revenue per square foot than any other retailer in the United StatesOutlet

Apple Distribution Strategy

DistributionBy Outlets

Innova

tion-

Decisio

n

Proce

ss

iPad Innovation Time Line

April 3, 2010

Introduction of iPad

2012: 58.31 million iPads

sold

End of 2010: 15 million iPads sold

Http://liliputing.com/2011/01/apple-sold-nearly-15-million-ipads-last-year.htmlHttp://news.cnet.com/8301-13579_3-57540705-37/apples-fiscal-2012-in-numbers-125m-iphones-58.31m-ipads/

Diffusion

Intended Audience

iPad 1 iPad 2 iPad 3 iPad 4

Timeline

1. Knowledge

Communication Channels

Characteristics of Decision-Making Unit• Top Down: Upper to

middle class.• Socioeconomic

characteristics• Personality variables• Communication (face-to-

face, meetings, telephones, memos, e-mails, web conferences)

2. Persuasion 3. Decision

4.

Imp

lem

en

tatio

n

5. Confirmation

Perceived Characteristics of Innovation• Apple has relative

advantage with iPad• Great compatibility for

users• Increased observability

(Businesses, classroom, individual lives)

• Triability of iPad spurs the need to own one and increases

S-Curve: iPad

Early AdoptersEarly MajorityLate MajorityLaggards

Businesspersons and OrganizationsHouseholds (some pilot schools)IndividualsMajority of schools in education system

Early Adopters

InnovatorsEducational Technology TeachersComputer Science teachersSome Administrators and StudentsSome other teachers Apple Brand UsersSome household Individuals

Early Late Majority

Other Business OrganizationOther Brand CustomersOther StudentsHouseholdsTeachersPilots Schools

Laggards

Other AdministratorsOther Teachers with Lack of Technology SkillsOthers

Perceived Attributes ofInnovation, Critical Mass

and Change Agents

Change AgentsInnovators and Early Adopters

AP (Math)Math Teacher and Students

iPad Users

Change AgentsMethods

TrialabilityObservability iPad Users

Change Agents

Roles of Change Agents

Diagnose the existing

performance problem

Use performance

gap to develop a need for change

Commit to change

Establish networked information exchange

Motivating The Laggards

Other Administrators

Teachers with no Technology Skills

Motivating The Laggards

Relative Advantage

Economic Feasibility

Sustainability

Upkeep and Maintenance

Inspiration of Revolutionary Creativity

Appropriate Apps Void of Virus

Teacher and Students Access

Perceived Attribute s o f Innovation

Motivating The LaggardsPerceived Attribute s o f Innovation

Relative Advantage

The Apple iPad exploits multitouch gestures and offers many apps

Motivating the LaggardsRelative Advantage (Meurant, 2010)

The iPad tablet is designed to put the Internet into the hands of the public. It is designed for using fingers on a touch screen rather than with physical keyboard and mouse as with PCs, and this is one contributing factor to what will likely prove to be a revolution in education.

Students only needs to carry and to bring to class their iPad, on which has been installed all of the e-texts they needs for all of her subjects.

Publishers can now create hybridized content that draws from audio, video, and television, to provide interactive graphics in digital publications, whereas traditional paper layouts in books, magazines and newspapers are static. The e-texts can and should readily link to diverse multimedia digital resources and telecommunication services.

Storyist Software, Scrivener and Pages now allow conversion of a file to ePub by simply selecting it from the choice of export formats.

The iPad is likely to make the ePub format the lingua franca of electronic books

Motivating the LaggardsRelative Advantage

iPad supports student networking and online collaboration both in class and off class

iPad provide Face Time for telecommunications integrated with multimedia capability within and outside class, local, and international

iPad applications are cheap, so in principle costs could be absorbed by the educational institution.

A new version of Apple’s productivity software suite iWork, designed specifically for the iPad, includes Keynote (presentation slides), Numbers (spreadsheets), and Pages (word processing). The iWork for iPad suite takes advantage of the iPad’s multitouch input, so slides in Keynote, columns in Numbers, and text and graphics in Pages can be rearranged by tapping, and dragging a finger. An on-screen keyboard appears when text needs to be typed.

iPad/iPhone apps are somewhat sandboxed from one another, so data from one application isn’t generally available to other applications. Application storage can’t be overwritten by another application

It is Not a Commercial!

iPad in the classroomhttp://www.apple.com/education/ipad/

Many Appshttp://www.apple.com/education/apps/#

http://itunes.apple.com/WebObjects/MZStore.woa/wa/viewMultiRoom?fcId=424538228&mt=8

Pioneers Schools

Pioneer School

sBurlington High School

Greene County Schools

Ohio State University

Science Leadership Academy

Northwest Kansas Technical College

Punahou School

RDFZ XISHAN SCHOOL

Pioneer School

sHoughton Mifflin Harcourt, an educational publishing company, has developed a digital app that replaces the print textbook for eighth-grade Algebra 1 through the touch screen interface iPad device

This app creates an interactive learning environment where a student can, with the touch of a finger, receive instant feedback on practice questions, write and save notes, receive guided practice instruction, utilize video re-teaching, access graphing calculators and more (Butler, 2010)

More than 400 California eighth-grade students are receiving instruction strictly via an iPad loaded with the Algebra app (Butler, 2010).

Pioneer School

sTeachers in tertiary education need new strategies to communicate with students of the net generation and to shape enticing educational experiences for them. The Apple iPad – has the potential to change this situation, offering access to effective and efficient pedagogy in an easy and intuitive way (Manuguerra & Petocz, 2011 )

iPad is being used in higher education. Kinash et al. (2011) described an Australian investigation to evaluate the impact on learning of students’ use of mobile devices such as the iPad; feedback from students was positive and optimistic.

Hall and Smith (2011) described an iPad initiative in a US graduate management program and noted that student convenience and flexibility were enhanced, along with aspects of environmental sustainability.

Jalali and colleagues (2011) reported on the use of an iPad in carrying out a multiple-choice examination in anatomy at a Canadian university; while all participants liked the idea, and it saved significant paper resources

Centralized and Decentralized Approaches

Centralized Approach: Math Department as a Pioneer

Decentralized Approach: Other departments (English and Arts, Music, and Sciences)

MeetingCritical Mass

Not Met (only when many individuals adopt the innovation (Rogers, 2003, p. 313)

Provide Incentives

Relative Advantage

Trialability

Observability

Conclusio

n

Educators Need to Be

Innovators

ReferencesButler, K. (2010, Sep 08). Two long beach schools teaching algebra with iPads. Press - Telegram. Retrieved from http://search.proquest.com/docview/749959801?accountid=14872Geist, E. (2011). The game changer: Using ipads in college teacher education classes. College Student Journal, 45(4), 758-768. Retrieved from http://search.proquest.com/docview/918798937?accountid=14872Hahn, J., & Bussell, H. (2012). Curricular Use of the iPad 2 by a First-Year Undergraduate Learning Community. Library Technology Reports, 48(8), 42-47Haydon, T., Hawkins, R., Denune, H., Kimener, L., McCoy, D., & Basham, J. (2012). A comparison of iPads and worksheets on math skills of high school students with emotional disturbance. Behavioral Disorders, 37(4), 232-243. Retrieved from http://search.proquest.com/docview/1146476545?accountid=14872

ReferencesManuguerra, M., & Petocz, P. (2011). Promoting Student Engagement by Integrating New Technology into Tertiary Education: The Role of the iPad. Asian Social Science, 7(11), 61-65. doi:10.5539/ass.v7n11p61Meurant, R. C. (2010). iPad Tablet Computing to Foster Korean EFL Digital Literacy. International Journal Of U- & E-Service, Science & Technology, 3(4), 49-62Miller, W. (2012). iTeaching and learning. Library Technology Reports, 48(8), 54-59. Retrieved from http://search.proquest.com/docview/1261087942?accountid=14872Saine, P. (2012). iPods, iPads, and the SMARTBoard: Transforming literacy instruction and student learning. New England Reading Association Journal, 47(2), 74-79,81. Retrieved from http://search.proquest.com/docview/940889699?accountid=14872 Miller, W. (2012). iTeaching and learning. Library Technology Reports, 48(8), 54-59. Retrieved from http://search.proquest.com/docview/1261087942?accountid=14872Shepherd, C., & Skrabut, S. (2011). Rethinking Electronic Portfolios to Promote Sustainability among Teachers. Techtrends: Linking Research & Practice To Improve Learning, 55(5), 31-38. doi:10.1007/s11528-011-0525-5