slideshare (lesson #...

Using curriculum he has developed especially for English-speakingUsing curriculum he has developed especially for English-speakingMuslim converts and young English-speaking Adult Muslims. Muslim converts and young English-speaking Adult Muslims.

““To seek knowledge is obligatory upon every Muslim (male & female)”To seek knowledge is obligatory upon every Muslim (male & female)”

IT CAN ALSO BE A IT CAN ALSO BE A REFRESHER COURSE REFRESHER COURSE

FOR MUSLIM FOR MUSLIM PARENTS, EDUCATORS, PARENTS, EDUCATORS,

IN CONTEMPORARY IN CONTEMPORARY SINGAPORE. SINGAPORE. OPEN TO ALLOPEN TO ALL

IN THE NAME OF ALLAHIN THE NAME OF ALLAHMOST COMPASIONATEMOST COMPASIONATEMOST MERCIFULMOST MERCIFUL # 11# 11

For further information and registration contact EFor further information and registration contact E-mail : -mail : [email protected] +65 81234669 / +65 96838279or +65 81234669 / +65 96838279

LESSON

“INTRODUCTION TO STUDY OF TAUHEED – (AQA’ID) ”

Intermediate Level Islamic course in English for AdultsIntermediate Level Islamic course in English for Adultsconducted by Ustaz Zhulkeflee Hj Ismailconducted by Ustaz Zhulkeflee Hj Ismail

Updated 30 April 2014Updated 30 April 2014

BATCH -

[JANUARY-MAY 2014]

18 weekly class started on : 18 weekly class started on : 15th JANUARY 2014 15th JANUARY 2014

Every Wadnesday night @ 8pm – 10pmEvery Wadnesday night @ 8pm – 10pm

Wisma Indah, 450 Changi Road, #02-00 next to Masjid KassimWisma Indah, 450 Changi Road, #02-00 next to Masjid Kassim

TAUTAUHHEED SIFAAT –EED SIFAAT –AVOIDING THE AVOIDING THE LINGUISTIC PITFALLS LINGUISTIC PITFALLS

All Rights Reserved © Zhulkeflee Hj Ismail. 2014

mailto:[email protected]

PREVIOUS LESSONPREVIOUS LESSON


This is the continuation from my previous “Intermediate This is the continuation from my previous “Intermediate Lesson on Islam - Lesson on Islam - TAUTAUHHEEDEED” module *. In that part one ” module *. In that part one module, we have covered topics of :module, we have covered topics of :

[1] Introduction to the various Approaches in Developing [1] Introduction to the various Approaches in Developing AQEEDAH AQEEDAH - - TAUTAUHHEEDEED (Attestation to Oneness of God).(Attestation to Oneness of God).

[2] Causes of wrong thinking; Postulates in thinking; and [2] Causes of wrong thinking; Postulates in thinking; and Some important Cornerstone of Islamic thoughts.Some important Cornerstone of Islamic thoughts.

[3] [3] TAUTAUHHEED AL-EED AL-KHKHAALIQIYYAHAALIQIYYAH[4] [4] TAUTAUHHEED AR-RUBIBIYYAHEED AR-RUBIBIYYAH[5] [5] TAUTAUHHEED AL-ULUHIYYAH WAL- ‘UBUDIYYAHEED AL-ULUHIYYAH WAL- ‘UBUDIYYAH

So now, for TauSo now, for Tauhheed part two module, I shall covereed part two module, I shall cover “TAU“TAUHHEED AS-SIFAT”EED AS-SIFAT”


““LIMITLESS in His glory is thy Sustainer, the LIMITLESS in His glory is thy Sustainer, the

Lord of almightiness, [exalted] above anything Lord of almightiness, [exalted] above anything

that men may devise by way of definition!”that men may devise by way of definition!”

((Qur’an: Shaffat: 37: 108Qur’an: Shaffat: 37: 108))


““Utterly remote is Allah, in His limitless glory, Utterly remote is Allah, in His limitless glory,

from anything to which men may ascribe a from anything to which men may ascribe a

share in His divinity!share in His divinity!!”!”

((Qur’an: Shaffat: 59: 23Qur’an: Shaffat: 59: 23))


MUQADDIMAH

MUQADDIMAH

INTRODUCTION

INTRODUCTION

This is one of the traditional approaches in This is one of the traditional approaches in ensuring the understanding of attributes of ensuring the understanding of attributes of

Allah, amongst Muslims who are exposed to Allah, amongst Muslims who are exposed to other religious or philosophical views, does not other religious or philosophical views, does not

deviate from that of the pious predecessors’ deviate from that of the pious predecessors’ (Salafus-Soleheen)(Salafus-Soleheen)


NOW TO CONTINUE ...


WARNINGWARNING


““Whoever seeks knowledge (intending) to argue with Whoever seeks knowledge (intending) to argue with

the learned (scholars), or to brag with the foolish; the learned (scholars), or to brag with the foolish;

or with it to attract peoples’ attention to himself; or with it to attract peoples’ attention to himself;

Allah will make him to enter the Hell-fire.”Allah will make him to enter the Hell-fire.”

((Hadith also reported by Tirmidzi and Ibn MajahHadith also reported by Tirmidzi and Ibn Majah))

There are some people who tries to ‘attack’ Islam by There are some people who tries to ‘attack’ Islam by

misreading the misreading the Qur’anQur’an and and AhadithAhadith; quoting words out of ; quoting words out of

context; applying their own interpretations (or rather context; applying their own interpretations (or rather

misinterpretations) to some of the words pertaining to the misinterpretations) to some of the words pertaining to the

attributes of Allah; accusing Muslims of anthropomorphism , etc.attributes of Allah; accusing Muslims of anthropomorphism , etc.


Allah in the Qur’an has already warned us of this and thus Allah in the Qur’an has already warned us of this and thus

provided the guidelines regarding its interpretation, which all provided the guidelines regarding its interpretation, which all

traditional Islamic scholars have applied since the time of the traditional Islamic scholars have applied since the time of the

Prophet Muhammad s.a.w.Prophet Muhammad s.a.w.

Muslims must be informed of this.Muslims must be informed of this.


“He (Allah) it is Who has sent down to thee the Book: in it

are AAYAT MUHKAMAT - verses basic or fundamental (of

established meaning); they are the foundation of the Book:

others are AAYAT MUTASHAABIHAT – verses not of well-

established meaning. But those in whose hearts is

perversity follow the part thereof that is not of well-

established meaning (AAYAT MUTASHAABIHAT ), seeking

discord, and searching for its interpretation...”

(Qur’an: Aali ‘Imran: 3: 7)


“ “ ... but no one knows its true meanings except Allah ... but no one knows its true meanings except Allah **, and , and

those who are firmly grounded in knowledge say: "We believe in those who are firmly grounded in knowledge say: "We believe in

it; the whole of it is from our Lord"; and none will grasp the it; the whole of it is from our Lord"; and none will grasp the

Message except men of understanding.”Message except men of understanding.”

((Qur’an: Aali ‘Imran: 3: 7Qur’an: Aali ‘Imran: 3: 7))

Some Islamic scholars opine that this phrase ends here Some Islamic scholars opine that this phrase ends here ** – –

therefore they contend that nobody else knows the interpretation therefore they contend that nobody else knows the interpretation

((TA’WILTA’WIL) of the ) of the MUTASHABIHATMUTASHABIHAT verses except Allah alone. verses except Allah alone.


“ “ ... but no one knows its true meanings except Allah ... but no one knows its true meanings except Allah **, and , and

those who are firmly grounded in knowledge say: "We believe in those who are firmly grounded in knowledge say: "We believe in

it; the whole of it is from our Lord"; and none will grasp the it; the whole of it is from our Lord"; and none will grasp the

Message except men of understanding.”Message except men of understanding.”


While many others differ from this view and contend that knowledge While many others differ from this view and contend that knowledge

of of TA’WILTA’WIL is also known by “ is also known by “those firmly grounded in knowledge those firmly grounded in knowledge “ - “ -

e.g. Companion Ibnu Abbas r.a. whom the Prophet s.a.w. approved of e.g. Companion Ibnu Abbas r.a. whom the Prophet s.a.w. approved of

and make Du’a for it to be given to him by Allah SWT.and make Du’a for it to be given to him by Allah SWT.


“Whoever claims that Allah is in something or on something

or from something, commits the “SHIRK.”

Because if He was in something, He would be contained,

and if He was on something, He would be carried, and if He

was from something, He would be a creature (creation)."

** Imam Ja’afar ibn Muhammad ibn ‘Ali ibn Hussein ibn ‘Ali wa Fatimah binte Rasulillah Imam Ja’afar ibn Muhammad ibn ‘Ali ibn Hussein ibn ‘Ali wa Fatimah binte Rasulillah s.a.a.w. Regarded by the s.a.a.w. Regarded by the SHI’ITE MADZHAB SHI’ITE MADZHAB as their sixth Imam, he was the most as their sixth Imam, he was the most prominent leader of Prophet’s Household (prominent leader of Prophet’s Household (AHLIL-BAYTAHLIL-BAYT ) of his time, the teacher also to ) of his time, the teacher also to many Imams of many Imams of AHLUS-SUNNAHAHLUS-SUNNAH like Abu Hanifa, Malik, etc. like Abu Hanifa, Malik, etc.


(In agreement to this) Imam Abu Ja’far At-Tahaawiy rh.m. said: (In agreement to this) Imam Abu Ja’far At-Tahaawiy rh.m. said:

"Whoever ascribe meaning to Allah’s attribute, with (the same) "Whoever ascribe meaning to Allah’s attribute, with (the same)

meanings as the attributes of humans, commits (meanings as the attributes of humans, commits (KUFRKUFR) a ) a

blasphemy.“blasphemy.“

((Quote from “Aqeedatut-Tahaawiyyah”Quote from “Aqeedatut-Tahaawiyyah”))


They are those NEO-SALAFIS * who insist that Allah, literally, is

in a place i.e. the heaven (sky), as in a verse:

* True SALAFIS are only those of the SAHABI, TABI-’IN and TABI’-TA-BI-’IN period.


They are those NEO-SALAFIS * who insist that Allah, literally, is

in a place i.e. the heaven (sky), as in a verse:

* True SALAFIS are only those of the SAHABI, TABI-’IN and TABI’-TA-BI-’IN period.

““Do ye feel secure that He Who is in heaven (Do ye feel secure that He Who is in heaven (FIS-SAMAA’FIS-SAMAA’) )

will not cause you to be swallowed up by the earth when will not cause you to be swallowed up by the earth when

it shakes (as in an earthquake)?” it shakes (as in an earthquake)?”

((Qur’an: Mulk: 67: 16Qur’an: Mulk: 67: 16))


Yet they adamantly insist that they are being true to the

Salafus-Soleheen, whereas their argument in fact, indicate

insistence to defend a literal interpretation (anthropomorphic)

by always quoting many of these mutashaabihat ayat while

preventing (or condemning even) any one who tries to offer a

clear and correct interpretation (TA’WIL) consistent with aayat

Muhkamat (which is as explained and commanded by Allah).


It is true that some SALAF did not apply TA’WIL , like Imam

Malik r.a. yet in actual fact they also “forbade” people from

ever applying “any literal meanings” to these verses.





Their stand was as Imam Shafi-’ie r.a. said:


"I believe in what Allah revealed according to the meaning that "I believe in what Allah revealed according to the meaning that

Allah intended, and in what the Messenger of Allah conveyed Allah intended, and in what the Messenger of Allah conveyed

according to the meaning that the Messenger of Allah intend."according to the meaning that the Messenger of Allah intend."




Their stand was as Imam Shafi-’ie r.a. said:


The statement is to warn others from tampering or changing the

actual words as used by Allah or His Prophet.




At the time, there was real danger of TAHRIF (possibility of

interpolation or TAMPERING to the original text of revelation).




At the time, there was real danger of TAHRIF (possibility of

interpolation or TAMPERING to the original text of revelation).

Many of our SALAF simply accepted it as ‘allegorical’ or

metaphorical (figure of speech) of which the meaning is not to be

understood in their literal sense.


The proper meanings are not literal according to the sensuous

and physical meanings, such as ascribing places, shapes, limbs,

movements, sitting, colours, directions, smiling, laughing, or any

other meanings which are not permissible to be attributed to Allah.


The proper meanings are not literal according to the sensuous

and physical meanings, such as ascribing places, shapes, limbs,

movements, sitting, colours, directions, smiling, laughing, or any

other meanings which are not permissible to be attributed to Allah.

In the KHALAF period, the danger now is that the ignorant

people are mistakenly assuming or interpreting their meaning,

literally. Thus the necessity for TA’WIL to ensure they have the

correct understanding.


But these NEO-SALAFIS suppressed or twisted the fact into a

blatant lie, as though ‘implying’ that – there was not even a single

scholars amongst the pious predecessors (SALAFUS-SOLIHEEN) of

the three generations who has ever applied any TA’WIL

(interpretation) upon these aayat Mutashaabihat. Therefore to do

so now is deviancy according to them.


But these NEO-SALAFIS suppressed or twisted the fact into a

blatant lie, as though ‘implying’ that – there was not even a single

scholars amongst the pious predecessors (SALAFUS-SOLIHEEN) of

the three generations who has ever applied any TA’WIL

(interpretation) upon these aayat Mutashaabihat. Therefore to do

so is now deviancy according to them.

Whereas in actual fact, historically and well-known by them who

study , there were many SALAF who applied TA’WIL, even SAHABIY

whom the Prophet s.a.a.w. sought that Allah grant him the ability.


Prophet Muhammad s.a.a.w. made this Du’a for Ibnu Abbas. r.a.

“O Allah! Teach him the Wisdom (knowledge of Sunnah) and

TA’WIL (interpretation) of the Book.”

(Hadith reported by Bukhary, Ibnu Majah and others)


Ibn ‘Abbas, Sufyan ath Thaury, Mujaahid, Sa’id Ibn Jubayr, Malik,

Ahmad, al Bukhary, an-Nawawy, Ibn Rajab al Hanbaly, Ibnul-

Jawziyy, Ibn Hajar, al Bayhaqy, Abu Fadl at-Tamimy, ‘Abdul-Qahir

al-Baghdady,

And even the famous linguist and scholar of Hadith, Murtada az-

Zabidiyy, and others.


““But those in whose hearts is perversity follow the part thereof But those in whose hearts is perversity follow the part thereof

that is not of well-established meaning (that is not of well-established meaning (MUTASHAABIHATMUTASHAABIHAT), ),

seeking discord (seeking discord (FITNAHFITNAH)”)”



““(Allah) Most Gracious is firmly established (Allah) Most Gracious is firmly established

((ISTAWAISTAWA) on the Throne (of authority).” ) on the Throne (of authority).”

((Qur’an: Ta Ha: 20: 5Qur’an: Ta Ha: 20: 5))

The Arabic word “The Arabic word “ISTAWAISTAWA” literally means “sit” or “establish”, but ” literally means “sit” or “establish”, but

can also be used as a figure of speech, in a metaphorical or can also be used as a figure of speech, in a metaphorical or

allegorical sense – which is why Allah clearly referred to such verses allegorical sense – which is why Allah clearly referred to such verses

as as AAYAT MUTASHAABIHATAAYAT MUTASHAABIHAT. (. (ref: Qur’an: Aali ‘Imran: 3: 7ref: Qur’an: Aali ‘Imran: 3: 7))


Their meanings must be referred to and consistent with the Their meanings must be referred to and consistent with the

Foundation of the Book, the clear verses termed Foundation of the Book, the clear verses termed AAYAT AAYAT

MUMUHHKAMATKAMAT..





“He (Allah) it is Who has sent down to thee the

Book: in it are AAYAT MUHKAMAT - verses basic

or fundamental (of established meaning); they

are the foundation of the Book: others are AAYAT

MUTASHAABIHAT – verses not of well-established

meaning…”

(Qur’an: Aali ‘Imran: 3: 7)


Therefore correct way of explaining the MUTASHAABIHAT aayat in

the Qur‘an is to say one believes in them according to the meaning

that Allah willed or intended it, without implying literally what that

meaning is; and without a 'how,' i.e., without attributing to Allah

‘sitting, standing, occupying places, sensuous attributes’, or any of

the meanings that apply to humans and others in creations.





“ISTAWA” (Establishment) is known; the ‘how’ of it is unknown;

and this act is beyond (any finite) conception; belief in it is

obligatory, and the questioning about it is (reprehensible)

innovation –BID’AH.”


The NEO-SALAFIS often use this statement to accuse

(or insinuate) that traditional Islamic scholars today

who accepts and apply TA’WIL , are committing

BID’AH.


The NEO-SALAFIS often use this statement to accuse

(or insinuate) the traditional Islamic scholars today

who accepts and apply TA’WIL , are committing BID’AH.

This is malicious because actually the BID’AH is

when ordinary people began to ‘question’ the apparent

anthropomorphic implication of these verses – as

warned by Imam Malik r.a. : “and the questioning about

it is (reprehensible) innovation –BID’AH.”


So our traditional scholars are only responding to this

BID’AH by ensuring that such misinterpretation is avoided.

While it is those NEO-SALAFIS or whosoever who allow such

‘misinterpretation’ to these “MUTASHAABIHAT” verses to

persist, not giving the correct TA’WIL (some even preventing

by condemning others who are giving it’s correct

interpretation), they are the ones who are being irresponsible

to the ummah and indeed, condoning the real BID’AH.


So our traditional scholars are only responding to this

BID’AH by ensuring that such misinterpretation is avoided.

While it is those NEO-SALAFIS or whosoever who allow such

‘misinterpretation’ to these “MUTASHAABIHAT” verses to

persist, not giving the correct TA’WIL (some even preventing

by condemning others who are giving it’s correct

interpretation), they are the ones who are being irresponsible

to the ummah and indeed, condoning the real BID’AH.

WaAllaahu A’-lam


“Whithersoever ye turn, there is Allah's

countenance (WAJH’).”

(Qur’an: Baqarah: 2: 115)

Imam Mujahid, the student of Ibn ‘Abbas r.a., said that the word

WAJH means ‘QIBLAH,' i.e., the direction of prayers during the

voluntary prayers while traveling and riding on an animal. Yet, the

literalist (anthropomorphist) insist on taking the literal meaning; they

say the term, WAJH means 'face.'


““And We breathed (And We breathed (NAFAKH-NAANAFAKH-NAA) into her (body) ) into her (body)

of Our spirit.”of Our spirit.”

((Qur’an: Tahrim: 66: 12Qur’an: Tahrim: 66: 12))

When taken literally, it may mean that “Allah blew part of His

Soul” into Mary to conceive ‘Isa (Jesus) a.s. However, this is wrong

thus the scholars said that this ayah must be understood to mean:

“Allah ordered arch-angel Jibril to blow into Mary the soul ‘Isa a.s.

which is honorable to Allah.”


““(Allah) said: "O Iblis! what prevents thee from (Allah) said: "O Iblis! what prevents thee from

prostrating thyself to one whom I have created prostrating thyself to one whom I have created

with My hands (with My hands (BI-YADAYBI-YADAY)?.” )?.”

((Qur’an: Sad: 38: 75Qur’an: Sad: 38: 75))

The Arabic word “YAD” literally do means ‘hands’, yet here it is

clearly being used as a figure of speech, in a metaphorical sense.

Glory be Allah from the deviant assertions of the anthropomorphist.


AND THERE ARE MANY MORE …..AND THERE ARE MANY MORE …..


““Glory to thy Lord, the Lord of Honour and Power! Glory to thy Lord, the Lord of Honour and Power!

(He is free) from what they ascribe (to Him)! (He is free) from what they ascribe (to Him)!

And Peace on the Messengers! And Peace on the Messengers!

And praise to Allah, the Lord and Cherisher of the Worlds.”And praise to Allah, the Lord and Cherisher of the Worlds.”


LAA- ILAA-HA- IL-LALLAAHU - WALAA- ILAA-HA- IL-LALLAAHU - WAHHDAHU –DAHU –LAA – SHAREE-KA LAH, LAHUL-MULKU – LAA – SHAREE-KA LAH, LAHUL-MULKU –

WALAHUL-WALAHUL-HHAMD, WA-HUWA - ‘ALAA AMD, WA-HUWA - ‘ALAA KUL-LI- SHAY -INQ- QADEER,KUL-LI- SHAY -INQ- QADEER,

““There is no god (none has the right to be worshipped) There is no god (none has the right to be worshipped) except Allexcept Allaah, alone, without partner, to Him belongs h, alone, without partner, to Him belongs all sovereignty and praise and He is All-Powerful over all sovereignty and praise and He is All-Powerful over all things .”all things .”

IMPORTANT DZIKRIMPORTANT DZIKR


DU’A TAUGHT BY OUR PROPHET MUHAMMAD DU’A TAUGHT BY OUR PROPHET MUHAMMAD

ALLAA-HUM-MA - IN-NEE – A –’UU-DZU-BIKA - MIN AN - USH-RI-KA – BI-KA – SHAY-AN – WA –ANA –

A’-LAMU, WA –AS-TAGH-FIRU-KA – MI-NADZ—DZAM - BIL– LADZII - LAA – A’-LAM

“O Allah! I seek refuge with You from committing SHIRK i.e. associating

others with You, knowingly, and I seek Your forgiveness from the

committing of the sins (of SHIRK) which I do not know.”

(Hadith reported by Ahmad, Tabarani & Abu Ya’la)


IMPORTANT DU’AIMPORTANT DU’A

““O Allah! Make us see the Truth to be true O Allah! Make us see the Truth to be true

and grant us ability to follow it.and grant us ability to follow it.

And make us see Falsehood to be false and And make us see Falsehood to be false and

grant us the ability to reject it.”grant us the ability to reject it.”


ALLAA-HUM-MA – ARI-NAL-HAQ-QA - HAQ-QANWAR- ZUQ-NAT - TI-BAA- ’A

WA-ARI-NAL – BAA-TWILA – BAA-TWI-LAANWAR-ZUQ-NAJ – TI –NAA - BAH

TO BE CONTINUED TO BE CONTINUED - -


TO BE CONTINUED TO BE CONTINUED - -

This is one of the traditional approaches in ensuring the This is one of the traditional approaches in ensuring the understanding of attributes of Allah, amongst Muslims understanding of attributes of Allah, amongst Muslims

who are exposed to other religious or philosophical views, who are exposed to other religious or philosophical views, does not deviate from that of the pious predecessorsdoes not deviate from that of the pious predecessors

(Salafus-Sole(Salafus-Solehheen)een)


http://an-naseehah.blogspot.com/

http://introductiontotauhid.blogspot.com/

http://oyoubelievers.blogspot.com/

http://al-amthaal.blogspot.com/

http://zhulkeflee-archive.blogspot.com/

http://criteriaforaholybook-quran.blogspot.com/

http://with-the-truthful.blogspot.com/

http ://muqaddam-nurul.blogspot.com/

All welcome to visit my web-blog:All welcome to visit my web-blog:

57All Rights Reserved © Zhulkeflee Hj Ismail. 2014

slideshare (lesson #...

Spiritual

attributes of allah

lesson introduction

islam lesson

islam tautauhheedeed

adult muslims

limitless glory

previous intermediate

various approaches