SMALL WETLAND OF BRĂILA MANAGEMENT PLAN

Radu MOISEI Ph.D

HG no. 538 / 18 Maz 2011

Oficial Monitor 498 / 13 July 2011

Small Wetland of Brăila localisation Small Wetland of Brăila occupies a stretch of 62 km from Meadow Bridge Lower Danube between Giurgeni - Vadu Oii and Brăila Municipality, representing 2% of the total length of the river 8% of the Romanian sector of the Danube

Modifications of natural landscape in Brăila Wetland

Large hydraulic works executed on the Danube in the second half of the 20th century (former impoundment ponds, dams Iron Gates 1 and 2 and the Danube-Black Sea) produced :

1. a transformation of the territory Danube Floodplain hydrology in a geographical sense ; 2. profound change in the hydrological regime of the river with adverse consequences for the dynamic equilibrium of aquatic biota ; 3. existing biodiversity a decisive blow on the 149 000 ha of meadow, by substituting valuable aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems complexes with agro-bio-system and ploplar and willow ligni-culture ;

4. significant climate changes in barren adjacent meaning of the Romanian Plain and Dobrogea Plateau ;

5. important social changes in the physical plane displacement of human settlements and quality by changing the traditional way of life of the inhabitants.

STATUT

național → Parc natural conform Legii 5/2000

internațional → Sit RAMSAR din iunie 2001

european → Sit Natura 2000 din decembrie 2007 ROSCI0006 ROSPA0005

Need to set up a protected natural areas

DETERMINATION

Braila civil society activity during 1994 - 1998

Actions between academic society 1999 – 2002

ARGUMENTS

Preserves (8%) complexes aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems and eco-tone of the former Inner Delta

Magnitude reaches high biodiversity

Instability in the entropy factors external to the system

Bio-variety scope in Small Wetland of Brăila

Of 208 bird species inventoried in uniform database park, 68 are on Annex I of the Birds Directive and other 123 species are found on other lists of conservation

Regarding the "Habitats Directive, Flora and Fauna" of 19 habitat types identified in Brăila Small Pond, 9 priority habitats are being listed on Annex I of the Directive and of 74 species of mammals, reptiles, amphibians and fish, 23 are special lists are the same species of European directives.

Need to set up a protected natural areas

Integrative and adaptive management plan

NATURAL CAPITAL from Small Wetland of Braila

SOCIO-ECONOMIC SYSTEMS from park cooperation area

Political Factor (central and local power)

Small Wetland of Braila Natural Park

MANAGEMENT PLAN

Scienthific Council (17 personalities)

Administrative Council

(61 institutions)

Planul de management integrat și adaptativ

1. Ediția august 2002 aprobată prin OM nr. 1456 din 14.aug.2003

2. Ediția februarie 2008 adoptată prin HG nr. 538 din 18.mai.2011

3. A - III - a ediție dec. 2013iîn urma contractului POS Mediu din 1.feb.2011

Caracterul adaptativ și integrat al planului de management

Enunciation of 136 MANAGEMENT ACTIONS

Establishing of 23 OPERATIONAL OBJECTIVES

Defining of 12 TACTICAL OBJECTIVES

Fundamenting of 6 STRATEGICAL OBJECTIVES

Integrative and adaptive management plan

1. Biodiversity conservation 2. Research and monitoring 3. Durable economic development

Integrative and adaptive management plan Zonarea parcului 24.123 ha

4 zones of durable development of human activities - 8.936 ha (37%) from which : # Braila Meadow dyke-area – 1.892 ha ; # IMB dyke area – 828 ha ; # dyke area from Dobrogea – 82 ha ; # Danube and branches – 6.134 ha ;

7 Management zones – 9.028 ha . (37%) (buffer area – on the 7 islands)

8 integral protected areas - 5.741 ha (24%) from which 2 important are : # Egreta protection area - 4321 ha ; # Fundu Mare protection area - 1173 ha

2 strict protected areas - 418 ha (2%) # Strict protected area Vulpașu - 128 ha ; # Strict protected area Jigara - 290 ha.

Cooperation area – cca. 100.000 ha

Area III. Visitor access is free motorized means (within the tourism potential of 16,500 visitors / year and anglers to spend the night in the camp given 36 points)

Area II. Visitor access is allowed only on marked trails, non-motorized means and land agents:

Area I. Visitors banned

Area III. – 8.891 ha (38%)

Area I. – 418 ha (2%)

Area II. – 14.769 ha (60%)

Tourism management in Brăila Small Wetland

Park tourism area

within the tourism potential (8,500 visitors / year) in the 7 buffer, within the tourism carrying capacity for the 8 zones of full protection

Registered visitors in 2007, 2009 and 2012

Visitors categories

Potential

Visitors recorded in: 2007 2009 2012

No. % No. % No. % Total tourists 5.600 42 0,8 334 6,0 266 4,8 - bird-watchers 3.600 18 0,5 107 3,0 167 4,6

- other tourists 1.500 24 1,6 220 14,7 99 6,6

- canotors 500 0 0 7 1,4 0 0

Students 800 435 54 1.315 163 376 47 Researchers 100 26 26 9 9 21 21 Sport fisherman 18.500 1.400 7,6 1.254 6,8 400 2,2

TOTAL 25.000 1.903 7,6 2.912 11,6 1.063 4,3

Tourist potential Realisation

Zonal’s Tourist Distributios

Tourism management in Brăila Small Wetland

Populus nigra management

Former Braila Wetland (149.000 ha), as it looked like at the beginning of XX-th century (Antipa, 1910)

Small Wetland of Br`ila (20.562 ha)

(V`dineanu et al,, 2002)

Oldest speciest of Populus

nigra from Small Island of Braila

Populus nigra management

Evolution of radial quota of Populus nigra specie comparative to the evolution of hidrological regime accumulated in soil and atmosphere before and after damming of Great Island ofBr`ila

ferma Edera – Insula Mare a Br`ilei

Evolution of radial quota of Populus nigra specie comparative to the evolution of freatic flooding and deficit between precipitations and evapotranspiration, before and after damming of Great Island of

Braila Edera farm – Great Polder of Braila

Perioada dinaintea [ndiguirii Insulei Mari a Br`ilei Perioada de dup` [ndiguirea Insulei Mari a Br`ilei

Perioada dinaintea [ndiguirii Insulei Mari a Br`ilei Perioada de dup` [ndiguirea Insulei Mari a Br`ilei

Populus nigra management

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fStability of Populus nigra specie in conditions of enbankment comparative to flooding hidrological regime

Haeliatus albicilla management

Foto: Mircea BEZERGHEANU

Conclusions Small Wetland of Braila received management forefront of Romania

approved by Ministerial Order in august 2003 and now is one of the three parks in the country (out of a total of 28 protected areas management) who plan management approved by Government

Adaptative stands completeness and management plan Attracting local communities in tourism activities is an effective way to

reduce local pressure on natural capital of the park

After the promulgation of the 2006 and 2007 environmental legislation harmonized with European principles, the company began visiting the park within the tourism potential and ecological carrying capacity

Administration efforts to make "large color white spot" which is on the tourist map of Romania:

- the classification in this period of 12 traditional houses - by implementing two tourist programs with a total of 7 packages

Sustainable tourism development requires a concerted action park

administration, local power and local communities.

Small Wetland of Braila Natural Park Administration Thank you for your attention