SmartSociety  (was  “The  social  computer”)  (it  is  NOT  “The  smart  city”)  

 

Fausto  Giunchiglia  Venice  26  03  2013  Social-­‐ist  workshop  

Social  Computers  beyond  Social  Computing    

Social  intensiveness  of  solution  Compu

te  and

 data  intens

iven

ess  of  solution  

Conven

&onal  

compu

ta&o

n  

Social  decentralised  systems  

Facebook   DARPA  Network  Challenge  

Social  computa&on  decentralised  through  society  

           

Problems in this space have: • Small, direct impact locally magnified when replicated across global society; or • Huge, potential impact globally but need a social infrastructure to harness the local ingenuity and data of humans/sensors.

E-­‐Bay  

Social  control  of  healthcare  and  disease  

My  preferite  application  domain  

•  30 million people suffer from rare diseases in Europe.

•  There are 8000 rare diseases.

•  Only 1900 of these are diagnosable.

•  No Member State Health Service offers diagnostic services in all 1900 conditions

•  Conventional“long tail” problem

* Computers  are  great  at  storing,  processing  and  communicating  data  * People  are  great  at  interpreting  context,  interpersonal  relationships  and  social  norms  * Can  we  combine  the  best  of  both  worlds  to  build  a  "smart  society"?  

4  

The  “big  picture”  

Problem:  there  are  no  systematic  ways  to  guarantee  effective  communication  and  coordinated  action  given  the  scale  and  diversity  in  terms  of  people  involved  (different  opinions,  cultures  and  languages),  systems,  data  produced  and  goals    

ICT  and  society  today  

*  Exponential  increase  in  number  of  devices  *  The  rise  of  social  networking  platforms  *  Physical  and  virtual  dimensions  of  life  are  

more  and  more  intertwined    *  Society  is  progressively  moving  towards  a  

socio-­‐technical  ecosystem  with  a  tight  interaction  people-­‐machines  

The  structure  of  smart  societies  

Ubiquitous  sensing  technologies  

(big  data  produced)  

From  local  to  social    interpretation  of  data  (real  world  global  semantics)  

From  low-­‐level  to  high-­‐level  interpretation  of  data    (real  world  local  semantics)  

Actions  are  taken  locally  and  collectively,  

across  many  different  communities  and  individuals  

Actions  are  taken  locally  by  many  different  individuals  

 

A  new  generation  of  systems  able  to  tackle  societal  challenges  *  Hybrid:  composed  of  humans  and  machines  able  to  seamlessly  

interoperate  and  cooperate    *  Diversity-­‐aware:  pragmatic  semantics  among  and  across  people  and  

machines,  as  required  in  the  future  socio-­‐technical  systems  where:    *  People  provide  individual/local  as  well  as  global/social,  implicit  or  explicit,  

semantics  (the  mapping  to  the  real    world)  and  act  towards  achieving  local/global  goals  

*  Machines  “compose”  and  adapt  to  people  by  learning  from  them,  supporting  them  in  achieving  the  goals  

Smart  society  systems  

* Closing  the  semantic  gap  between  humans  and  machines,  where  humans  are  also  means  and  not  only  ends  

 * Compositionality  of  humans  and  machines    *  ICT-­‐society  co-­‐design:  in  full  respect  of  human  values  

Key  issues  

Diversity:  a  theory  of  diversity  which  covers  multiple  dimensions  *  Vertical:  from  machines  to  people  to  society  *  Horizontal:  among  machines,  people  and  society  * Multi-­‐faceted,  in  layers:    * goals,    * actions,  including  human  and  machine  sensing  * programs  and  processes,    * data  and  knowledge      

   

Closing  the  semantic  gap  

*  Compositionality:  a  theory  of  compositionality,  building  upon  the  theory  of  diversity,  and  mechanisms,  so  that  there  can  be  cooperation  on  the  large  scale  among  machines  and  humans,  by  leveraging  on  their  respective  strengths  and  compensating  their  limitations  *  …  in  layers    *  human  and  machine  goals,    *  Actions,  including  human  and  machine  sensing  *  processes/programs,    *  knowledge/data  

Compositionality  

ICT  and  society  co-­‐design  

With   the   contribution   of   different   disciplines   which  currently  interact  weakly,  if  at  all  

Development of a radically innovative Social Computer Science, drawing on ICT, social sciences and the humanities

Social Sciences and Humanities

ICT

Multi-disciplinary Research Community on the Social Computer

MODELING & SIMULATIONS

DATA AND KNOWLEDGE MANAGEMENT

DISTRIBUTED SYSTEMS

SEMANTICS

SOCIOLOGY

POLITICAL SCIENCE

LAW ECONOMICS

PSHYCHOLOGY ETHICS

SmartSociety  THANK  YOU!  

 

Fausto  Giunchiglia