soalan hardware design_pkm_2011.pdf

7/29/2019 Soalan Hardware Design_PKM_2011.pdf

1/10

1 of 10

2011

PERTANDINGAN KEMAHIRAN MALAYSIA

(ELEKTRONIK)

SOALAN

PERINGKAT AKHIR

NAMA: ______________________________________

NO. KP: ______________________________________

JABATAN PEMBANGUNAN KEMAHIRANKEMENTERIAN SUMBER MANUSIA


2/10

2 of 10

Project: Hardware Design

Hardware Circuit Design: Time limit is 3 hours.

Design of Printed Circuit Board: Time limit is 2 hours.

Build and Test Designed Prototype: Time limit is 2 hours.

INTRODUCTION

This project is to test the competitors skill in hardware and printed circuit board design for astepper motor controller. A simple block diagram of stepper motor system is shown in Fig.1. Aunipolar stepper motor with 6 control wires is used. The competitor will design the controller, whichcan control the rotating direction and stepping rate of the motor.

Controller

Power Supply

StepperMotor

Direction

Stepping Rate

Figure 1 Block diagram of stepper motor control system

Fig. 2 illustrates more detail diagram of the designed system. The system consists of 2 majorparts, i.e. 1) a 6-wire unipolar stepper motor and 2) a controller. In the controller, the control signalgenerator produces a set of sequential signals (SAA, SAB, SBA and SBB) that is suitable to drive themotor. To enhance controller performance, however, the control signals are amplified by the drivercircuit. The driver output signals are then connected to the stepper motor. The rotating command(Clockwise/Counter Clockwise) and stepping rate (Step/Second) of motor can be controlled via

switches SW1, SW2 and SW3, respectively. Basically, the stepping rate of the motor can becontrolled by adjusting the frequency of supplied clock signal. The control signal generator can bereceived its clock signal from 2 different sources, which are either external clock (EXCLK) or internalclock (INCLK). The signal from standard function generator can be used as EXCLK. To make thecontroller as standalone unit, the INCLK is employed. The INCLK is square wave generator, whoseoutput frequency can be adjusted. The 7805 circuit is employed to generate 5V for onboard both thecontrol signal generator and INCLK circuit.


3/10

3 of 10

SW3EXCLK

From FunctionGenerator

DRIVER

CONTROLLER

INCLK

SPEED

COMMAND

SAA

SBA

SAB

SBB

GND

+12V

CONTROL SIGNAL

GENERATOR

+12V

GND7805 CIRCUIT +5V

SW1

SW2

Figure 2 Detail of stepper motor control system.


4/10

Pertandingan Kemahiran Malaysia (PKM)

4 of 10

INSTRUCTIONS TO COMPETITORS

1. Hardware Circuit Design (3 Hrs)

The competitors will design the following 3 circuits and implement them on a

proto-board by selecting components from the material list.

1.1 7805 circuitThis circuit is employed to step down the 12V supply to 5V used for digital components.

1.2 Design Control Signal GeneratorThis sequential digital circuit consists of 2 inputs, i.e. COMMAND and SPEED. Itsoutputs are the 4 sequential signals (SAA, SBA, SAB and SBB) to control the waystepper motor work.

1.2.1 A command input consists of 2 switches, i.e., SW1 and SW2.

Based on the combination of these two switches, the stepper motor

can operate based on the following operation modes:

MODE SW1 SW2 Description0 OFF OFF Motor rotates counter clockwise.

1 OFF ON Motor rotates counter clockwise.

2 ON OFF Motor rotates clockwise.

3 ON ON Motor rotates:1. 120-degree clockwise2. Then 120-degree counter clockwise (go

back to the original position).3. Repeat 1 and 2 until other mode is selected.

1.2.2 Applied as speed control, switch SW3 is used to select between

EXCLK and INCLK. EXCLK is an external clock signal supplied

from an external function generator, and INCLK is a clock generatorcircuit designed by the competitor.

1.3 Design INCLK circuit

The competitor will design a square wave generator called INCLK,whose output frequency can be varied from 1 Hz to 200 Hz.

2. Design of Printed Circuit Board (2 Hrs)

The competitors will design a single-side PCB based on their designed

schematic which has drawn in Hardware Circuit Design part.

3. Build and Test Designed Prototype (2 Hrs)

3.1 Assemble the designed PCB using the components, which already

selected in Hardware Circuit Design.

3.2 Test the function of the designed PCB


5/10


5 of 10

The project should be assembled by referring to IPC-A-610 issue D International

acceptability of electronic assemblies. Each project may fit a Euro card standard

using DIN 41612 connectors that will fit a standard back plane connector.

Supplies and I/O signals are as follows:

Pin

No.

Signal of A

line

Signal of C

line

1 +5V Digital +5V Digital

2 N/A N/A

3 Digital

Ground

Digital

Ground

4 EXCLK EXCLK

5 INCLK INCLK

6 SAA SAA

7 SAB SAB

8 SBA SBA

9 SBB SBB

10 N/A N/A

11 N/A N/A

12 N/A N/A

13 +5V Analog +5V Analog

14 N/A N/A

15 +12V Analog +12V Analog

16 Analog

Ground

Analog

Ground

17 -5V Analog -5V Analog18 -12V Analog -12V Analog

19 N/A N/A

20 L1 L1

21 L2 L2

22 L3 L3

23 L4 L4

24 N/A N/A

25 N/A N/A

26 N/A N/A

27 N/A N/A

28 N/A N/A

29 N/A N/A

30 N/A N/A

31 Digital

Ground

Digital

Ground

32 +5V Digital +5V Digital


6/10


6 of 10

MECHANICAL SPECIFICATION

The Europe format for PCB card is specified as follow (PCB only):

All Dimensions are in millimeters. tc = 160 mm


7/10


7 of 10

PROVIDED MATERIALS

Item Qty Part name Description Notes

1 2 CD4001 CMOS NOR GATE

2 2 CD4011 CMOS NAND GATE

3 2 CD4013 CMOS D FLIP FLOP

4 2 CD4027 CMOS J-K FLIP FLOP

5 2 CD4069 CMOS NOT GATE

6 2 CD4070 CMOS XOR GATE

7 2 CD4071 CMOS OR GATE

8 2 CD4077 CMOS XNOR GATE

9 2 CD4081 CMOS AND GATE

10 3 CD4093 CMOS NAND GATE

11 1 LM7805 LINEAR REGULATOR

12 4 IRFZ44 MOSFET

13 1 LM555 TIMER14 1 SMJ40-48 12V Unipolar STEPPER

MOTER48 Steps/Round

15 3 SLIDE SWITCH

16 1 POWER CONNECTER

17 1 EXTERNAL CLOCKCONNECTOR

18 1 STEPPER MOTERCONNECTOR

19 1 DIN-64CPB-CES

MALE DIN CONNECTOR

20 1 100K VARIABLE RESISTOR



23 1 1M VARIABLE RESISTOR

24 Standard RESISTOR

25 Standard CAPACITOR


8/10


8 of 10

DESIGNED RESULTS

1. Draw the designed circuit (7805 circuit) and measure the output voltage.


9/10


9 of 10

2. Draw the control signal generator designed schematic (exclude INCLK,driver and stepper motor circuits)


10/10


10 of 10

3. Design the internal clock (INCLK) circuit

Notes:

Show the calculation

Draw the designed INCLK circuit

Label all component value

3.1 Measure minimum frequency of internal clock (INCLK) circuit. Save thewaveform on storage oscilloscope

3.2 Measure maximum frequency of internal clock (INCLK) circuit. Save thewaveform on storage oscilloscope

soalan hardware design_pkm_2011.pdf

Documents