Safety and Social Media ThispublicationwasmadepossiblebyGrantNumberTP1AH000081-01-01fromtheDepartmentofHealthandHumanServices,OfficeofAdolescentHealth;itscontentsaresolelytheresponsibilityoftheauthorsanddonotnecessarilyrepresenttheofficialviews

oftheDepartmentofHealthandHumanServices.

Social Media

• SocialMediais“formsofelectroniccommunicationthroughwhichuserscreateonlinecommunitiestoshareinformation,ideas,personalmessagesandothercontent.”– MerriamWebster• Modernsocialmediaisarelativelynewinvention.

Launchedin2004

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Social Media and Teens • Moreteensareusingsocialmediathaneverbefore.• ThePewResearchCenterreportedin2013that:- TeenTwitterusehasgrownsignificantly:24%ofonlineteensuseTwitter,upfrom16%in2011.

- Thetypical(median)teenFacebook userhas300friends,whilethetypicalteenTwitteruserhas79followers.

-60%ofteenFacebook userskeeptheirprofilesprivate,andmostreporthighlevelsofconfidenceintheirabilitytomanagetheirsettings.

-Teens takeotherstepstoshapetheirreputation,managetheirnetworksandmaskinformationtheydon’twantotherstoknow;74%ofteensocialmediausershavedeletedpeoplefromtheirnetworkorfriendslist.

Dangers of Social Media

1) Catfishing –Youdon’talwaysknowwhoyouaretalkingtoonline!Peoplecanpretendtobewhoever theywantto.Catfishing iswhenapersoncreatesfakepersonalprofilesonsocialmediasiteswiththeintentionofdeception.

Dangers of Social Media

• Peoplecatfishothersforalotofdifferentreasons.Sometimes,peopleareembarrassedoftheirtrueself,sotheypretendtobesomeonemoreattractiveonline.Somepeopleliketheattentionthatcomesfrompretendingtobesomeoneelse.Othersusecatfishing tobullypeople.

Dangers of Social Media SignsofaCatfish- Theyrefusetospeakonthephonewithyou.- Theyrefusetovideochat.- Theyarequicktotryandformastrongbondwithyou.- Theyaskyouformoney.- Alloftheirphotosappearprofessionallydone.- Theyhavetoomanyortoofewinternetfriends.- Theytravelforwork/school,butneverseemtotravelintoyourarea.

- Ifyouliveinthesamearea,theyrefusetomeetinperson.

In Other Words . . .

Ifitsoundstoogoodtobetrue,itprobablyis!

PersonIthinkI’mtalkingto PersonI’mactuallytalkingto

Future Risks

2)– Anythingpostedonlinecanneverbefullydeleted.Youmaythinkthisisnobigdealnow,butitcouldbeinyourfuture.• AccordingtotheNewYorkTimes,31%ofcollegeadmissionstaffadmittosearchingsocialnetworksitesofapplicants(iftheysawthatpictureofyoudrinking,flippingthecameraoff,etc.whatwouldtheythink?)• CareerBuilder says60%ofemployersadmittosearchingsocialnetworksitesfortheirapplicants.Themainthingtheylookfor?Toseeifthepersonpresentsthemselvesprofessionally!

But What are They Looking For?AccordingtoasurveybyCareerBuilder,51%ofemployerswholookatanapplicant’ssocialmediapresencehavefoundcontentthatcausedthemnottohirethecandidate.

Thisincludesoffensessuchas:• Jobcandidatepostedprovocativeorinappropriate photographsorinformation– 46percent;• Jobcandidatepostedinformationaboutthemdrinking orusingdrugs– 41percent;• Jobcandidatesbad-mouthedtheirpreviouscompany orfellowemployee–36percent;• Jobcandidateshowedpoorcommunicationskills – 32percent;• Jobcandidateposteddiscriminatorycomments relatedtorace,gender,religionetc.– 28percent;• Jobcandidatelied aboutqualifications– 25percent;• Jobcandidatesharedconfidentialinformation frompreviousemployers– 24percent;• Jobcandidatewaslinkedtocriminalbehavior– 22percent;• Jobcandidate’sscreennamewasunprofessional – 21percent;• Jobcandidateliedaboutanabsence – 13percent.

Does This Look Professional?

How About This?

The Things You Post Now Can Have Life-Altering Consequences

Dangers of Social Media3)– Privacy• Privacyisabigconcernonsocialmedia.Everysinglesiteandappyouusehasaprivacypolicy.• YOUareresponsibleforknowinghowtouseyourprivacysettings.• Beawarethatprivacysettingsareeverchanging.Somesitesandappswillgiveyounoticewhentheirprivacypolicyhasbeenupdate.Otherswon’t.

Social Media is Like a Giant Bulletin Board

¢ Whenyoupostsomething toasite/app,youarepostingonTHEIRbulletinboard.

¢ This meansthatthecontentnolongerbelongstoYOU.

¢ The site/appyoupostedtocandowhatevertheywantwithyourcontent.

Information Sharing • Online,howmanyofyouhaveposted...- Aphotoofyourself?- Yourschoolname?- Thetown/cityinwhichyoulive?- Youremailaddress?- Yourcellphonenumber?- Yourrealname?- Yourinterests?- Yourbirthdate?- Yourrelationshipstatus?- Avideoofyou?

Information SharingWhileteensaremoreawareoftheirprivacysettingsthaneverbefore,theyarealsosharingmoreinformation:

- 91%postaphotoofthemselves,upfrom79%in2006.- 71%posttheirschoolname,upfrom49%.- 71%postthecityortownwheretheylive,upfrom61%.- 53%posttheiremailaddress,upfrom29%.- 20%posttheircellphonenumber,upfrom2%.- 92%posttheirrealnametotheprofiletheyusemostoften.- 84%posttheirinterests,suchasmovies,music,orbookstheylike.- 82%posttheirbirthdate.- 62%posttheirrelationshipstatus.- 24%postvideosofthemselves.

Be Aware of Your Location Settings

• AllmodernsmartphonesareequippedwithGPS.• GPScanbeausefultoolforalotofdifferentapps.• However,manyappswilltryandaccessyourlocationserviceswhenGPSisunnecessaryfortheapp’sfunction.

Apps that Need GPS

¢ Maps¢ Weather

APPS THAT DON’T

¢ Camera¢ Facebook¢ Instagram¢ Twitter

APPS THAT MAY NEED GPS¢ Safari¢ Siri¢ Location-basedappssuchasLyft,Fitbit,etc.

You Are in Control of Your Location Settings

• Manyapps’defaultsettingsallowthemaccesstoyourlocationservices.• Ifanappisnotlocation-based,thenitdoesn’tneedyourlocation.• YoucanchangethesesettingsandchoosewhichappscanuseyourGPS.• Youcanalsoallowdifferentdegrees towhichappscanusethisinformation.

Beawarethat,unlessyouchangeit,yourcameraissetuptorecordtheGPSlocationofEVERYPHOTOYOUTAKE.

Dangers of Social Media

• 4)– Cyberbullying• Cyberbullying isaformofbullyingthatoccursthroughelectronicmeans,suchasbyphoneorsocialmedia.• Cyberbullying isdifferent fromtraditionalbullyinginthat:-Itcanhappen24hoursaday,7daysaweek.Cyberbullying canreachapersonatanytime.

-Bullyingmessages/imagescanbedistributedanonymouslyandtoawideaudience.

-Deletingbullyingcontentcanbeextremelydifficultonceithasbeenposted/sentout.

Cyberbullying is a Growing Problem

• AccordingtothePewResearchCenter,88%ofteenshavewitnessedcyberbullyingonline.• 66%ofteenswhowitnessedcyberbullying alsowitnessedotherpeoplejoininginonthebullying.• 21%ofteensreportedjoininginonthebullyingthemselves.

Forms of Cyberbullying• Flaming – Onlinefightsthroughemail,instantmessagingorchatroomswhereangry/rudecommentsareexchanged.• Disparaging – Puttingmeanonlinemessagesuptomakefunofsomeone.• Exclusion – Intentionallyleavingsomeoneoutofagroup.• Outing – Sharingsecretsaboutsomeoneonlineincludingprivateinformation,picturesandvideos.• Trickery – Trickingsomeoneintorevealingpersonalinformationthensharingitwithothers.• Impersonation – Pretendingtobesomeoneelseonline.• Harassment – Repeatedlysendingmaliciousmessages.• Cyberstalking – Continuouslyharassinganddisparagingincludingthreatsofphysicalharm.

TylerClementi,18JessicaLogan,18

PhoebePrince,15

AmandaTodd,15 CarlaJamerson,14

RebeccaSedwick,12MeganMeier,13 KennethWeishuhn, 14

JoshuaUnsworth,15

Allem Halkic,17

Dangers of Social Media• 5)InternetAddictionHowmanyofyouhaveaccessto:- Asmartphone?- AniPad/tablet?- AlaptoporPC?- Agamingdevicewithinternetaccess?

Howmanyofyoucheckyourphone/device :- Whenyouwakeup?- Whenyou’reatschool?- Whenyou’rewithfamilyorfriends?- Whenyou’resupposedtobesleeping?

Research on Teen Internet Usage

• Onaverage,teensspendmorethan9hoursadayonline.• Now,becauseteensareusingmultipledevicesatonce,theamountofonlineexposuretheyaregettingishigher.• Morethan87%teensnowowncellphones,comparedtothe45%ofteenswhoownedphonesin2004.• Technologyexposureisstartingatanearlierage,with38%ofchildrenundertheageof2havingusedaniPad,smartphoneortablet.

Effects of Internet Usage

• Heavyinternet/socialmediausagecan:- Resultinlowergrades.- Leadtostressandofflinerelationshipproblems.- Increasefeelingsofloneliness/socialisolation,depression,anxietyandneedforinstantgratification.

- Decreasein-personcommunicationabilities.- Anincreaseintime-wastingandprocrastination.- Promotethespreadofunreliable/falseinformation.

Dangers of Social Media • 6)DigitalAbuse• DigitalAbuseissimilartocyberbullying.• Itistheuseoftechnology(suchastextingandsocialmedia)tobully,stalkorharassadatingpartner.

Signs of Digital Abuse Ifyourdatingpartner:• Tellsyouwhoyoucan/can’tbefriendswithonsocialmedia• Sendsyounegative,insultingorthreateningmessages• Usessocialmediatokeepconstanttabsonyou• Putsyoudowninstatusupdates• Sendsyouunwantedexplicitpicturesorvideos• Pressuresyoutosendexplicitpictures/videos• Stealsorinsiststobegivenyourpasswords• Constantlytextsyouandmakesyoufeel likeyoucan’tbeseparatedfromyourphone• Looksthroughyouphonefrequently,checksuponyourpictures,textsandcalllog• Tagsyouunkindlyinpicturesorinposts

Your Digital Relationship Rights

• Youhavetherighttobeawayfromyourphoneorsocialmediawithoutworryingthatyourpartnerwillgetangryorthattherewillberepercussions.• Youdonothavetosendanypicturesorstatementsthatyouareuncomfortablesending.• Youdonothavetoshareyourpasswordswithanyonethatyouaredating.• Knowthatyoulosecontrolofanymessageyousendout.

The Internet is like a Neighborhood• Justlikeintherealworld,theinternethassafeandunsafeneighborhoods.• Largersites/appslikeGoogle,Facebook,andInstagram aregenerally“safer’becauseoftheirtermsandprivacysettings.Theywillinvestigateclaimsofabuseandtrytomonitorforsafetyandresponsibleusage.• Theywillalsocooperatewithlawenforcementshouldtherebeaninvestigation.

So How Do We Become Good Neighbors?

Being a Good Digital Citizen

• Youareresponsibleforeverythingyousend,postorforward.• Knowyourtermsandconditions.• Keepyourprivacysettingsonlock.• Limityourexposuretostrangersonline.• Beawareofthepersonayouareportraying.• Thethingsyousayinthedigitalworldcancauserealworldpain.• Knowyourreportingandblockingfeatures.• Ifyouorsomeoneyouknowisbeingharassedonline,tellanadultyoutrustIMMEDIATELY.