Social Studies Final Review

Who does this quote belong to?

From Stettin in the Baltic to Trieste in the Adriatic, an iron curtain has descended across the continent.

Winston Churchill

Who revolted in 1898 as a means of freeing themselves from Spanish rule?

Cubans

What is Yellow Journalism?

People would often print exaggerated stories and publish them to the public

What is the USS Maine known for?

Following riots that occurred in Havana, the USS Maine was moved, under the request of President McKinley, to the Havana Harbor.

What did the Open Door Policy state?

Hay’s proposal called for the establishment of equal trading rights to all nations in all parts of China and for recognition of Chinese territorial integrity. The impact of such a policy would be to put all of the imperial nations on an equal footing and minimize the power of those nations with existing spheres of influence.

What did the Platt Agreement state?

The Cubans were forced to sign what became known as the Platt Agreement, which gave the United States the right to send troops to the island if they disagreed with the way that the country was being run. This meant that no Cuban government could be elected unless they were willing to implement policies favorable to the United States. In return for their cooperation, government ministers in Cuba received payments from United States businessmen. Elections in Cuba were usually rigged and the victors were rarely popular with the Cuban people.

Great Depression and the Stock Market Crash

Many people began to sell off of their stock, which led to the prices of the stocks to fall. The resulted in the Stock Market Crash. Following the stock market crash, President Roosevelt took office. During the first “hundred days”, Roosevelt enacted the “New Deal” which included many plans in an effort to rebuild the financial standing of the country.

New Deal

The term New Deal was coined during Franklin Roosevelt’s 1932 Democratic presidential nomination acceptance speech, when he said, "I pledge you, I pledge myself, to a new deal for the American people." Roosevelt summarized the New Deal as a "use of the authority of government as an organized form of self-help for all classes and groups and sections of our country."

Programs created under the New Deal

• Civilian Conservation Corp• Agricultural Administration• National Recovery act• Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation• Civil Works Administration

Civil War

• The Confederate States of America (south) and the United States of America (north) did not see eye to eye.

• This reached its break when Abraham Lincoln took office as president

• The north had better technological and financial background

• The south had more military training• The Civil War ended with the surrender of the south

at Appomattox Courthouse

Civil War

• Who was the Confederate States of America’s first president? Jefferson Davis

• Who was the Union’s President? Abraham Lincoln

• Who was the Confederate General who led the south? Robert Lee

Treaty of Paris

• The British and the United States established America’s borders, the possession of Cuba as a Spanish colony was decided

What led to US joining WWII?

On December 7, 1941, the Japanese invaded and dropped bombs on Pearl Harbor

Holocaust

• Around the time of WWII, the Nazi’s killed many Jewish men, women, and children to cleanse the religion.

Why did President Truman order an airlift of supplies to Berlin?

The Soviet Union set up a blockade of Berlin in 1948

Manhattan Project

The Manhattan Project is the code name for the US government's secret project that was established before World War II and culminated in the development of the nuclear bomb. The idea of forming a research team to create a nuclear weapon was endorsed in a letter than Einstein sent to Franklin Roosevelt, the president of America at the time.

John Steinbeck

• Author of the Grapes of Wrath• Described the “dust bowl” from a first person

perspective• During World War II, Steinbeck was a war

correspondent for the New York Herald Tribune. Some of his dispatches were later collected and made into Once There Was a War.

John D. Rockefeller

• He earned an enormous income in the oil business

• He also established a monopoly in the steel business

Dollar Diplomacy

• During 1909 to 1913, the goal of diplomacy, under President William Howard Taft was to make the United States a commercial and financial world power.

• The Taft administration concentrated on assisting American businessmen in the protection and expansion of investment and trade, especially in Latin America and the Far East.

Harry S. Truman

• During his few weeks as Vice President, Harry S Truman scarcely saw President Roosevelt, and received no briefing on the development of the atomic bomb or the unfolding difficulties with Soviet Russia. Suddenly these and a host of other wartime problems became Truman's to solve when, on April 12, 1945, he became President. He told reporters, "I felt like the moon, the stars, and all the planets had fallen on me."

Eleanor Roosevelt

• Served as the First Lady during her husbands term as president during the years 1933 to 1945

• She worked towards causes for African Americans, women and youth

Jackie Robinson

Was an African American who invested his time and career in playing in the American Baseball League.

Who formed NATO?

Formed by the United States and its allies

Senator Joseph McCarthy

Charged that there was communism within the government, thus setting up fear and suspicions. He never did show profound evidence of his accusations