Some DefinitionsSome Definitions

Let’s consider this process Let’s consider this process and try to build a coupleand try to build a couple

Why are definitions important?Why are definitions important?

If you can make your own thenIf you can make your own then

1.1. It shows you understand the conceptIt shows you understand the concept

2.2. You are able to explain it to others (not You are able to explain it to others (not parrot)parrot)

3.3. You should be able to illustrate why the You should be able to illustrate why the concept is importantconcept is important

Where are definitions used?Where are definitions used?

Everywhere in lifeEverywhere in life

1.1. Those in education spend their careers Those in education spend their careers definingdefining

2.2. Those working in NGOs are always Those working in NGOs are always educatingeducating

3.3. Even clerks at Lowes need to be able to Even clerks at Lowes need to be able to define thingsdefine things

Definition BuildingDefinition Building

Divide text or powerpoint material into Divide text or powerpoint material into bulletsbullets

Rank them by order of importanceRank them by order of importance

Translate these points into sentence(s) Translate these points into sentence(s) using your own words.using your own words.

Insert examples in the definitionInsert examples in the definition

Human geography is one of the two major branches of geography (versus physical geography) and is often called cultural geography. Human geography is the study of the many cultural aspects found throughout the world and how they relate to the spaces and places where they originate and then travel as people continually move across various areas. Some of the main cultural phenomena studied in human geography include language, religion, different economic and governmental structures, art, music, and other cultural aspects that explain how and/or why people function as they do in the areas in which they live. Globalization is also becoming increasingly important to the field of human geography as it is allowing these specific aspects of culture to easily travel across the globe.Cultural landscapes are also important because they link culture to the physical environments in which people live. This is vital because it can either limit or nurture the development of various aspects of culture. For instance, people living in a rural area are often more culturally tied to the natural environment around them than those living in a large metropolitan area. This is generally the focus of the "Man-Land Tradition" in the Four Traditions of geography and studies human impact on nature, the impact of nature on humans, and people's perception of the environment. http://geography.about.com/od/culturalgeography/a/humangeography.htm

E-Atlas6

Electronic AtlasElectronic Atlas

1.1. Maps on the web, disk, CD,...Maps on the web, disk, CD,...2.2. Static -- what you see is what you getStatic -- what you see is what you get

a.a. Descriptive Descriptive b.b. No analytical tools available in softwareNo analytical tools available in software

3.3. Data Storage DeviceData Storage Devicea.a. Much like paper maps store data in fixed Much like paper maps store data in fixed

static formatstatic format

4.4. Limited Goals/Limited Uses in mindLimited Goals/Limited Uses in mind5.5. May have unexpected/unused informationMay have unexpected/unused information

Here I have already divided things into bullets

Image dataImage data

Image dataImage data

An image is a graphic representation or description of an object that is typically An image is a graphic representation or description of an object that is typically produced by an optical or electronic device. Some common examples of image produced by an optical or electronic device. Some common examples of image data include remotely sensed data, such as satellite data, scanned data, and data include remotely sensed data, such as satellite data, scanned data, and photographs.photographs.Image data is a form of raster data where each grid-cell, or pixel, has a certain Image data is a form of raster data where each grid-cell, or pixel, has a certain value depending on how the image was captured and what it represents. For value depending on how the image was captured and what it represents. For example, if the image is a remotely sensed satellite image, each pixel represents example, if the image is a remotely sensed satellite image, each pixel represents light energy reflected from a portion of the Earth's surface. If, however, the image light energy reflected from a portion of the Earth's surface. If, however, the image is a scanned document, each pixel represents a brightness value associated with is a scanned document, each pixel represents a brightness value associated with a particular point on the document.a particular point on the document.With ArcView you can display image data and feature-based spatial data With ArcView you can display image data and feature-based spatial data together in views. ArcView can display and print black and white, grayscale, together in views. ArcView can display and print black and white, grayscale, pseudocolor and true color images. You can also include them in a layout.pseudocolor and true color images. You can also include them in a layout.To add an image to a view, see Adding a theme to a view.To add an image to a view, see Adding a theme to a view.To change the way an image looks and to derive additional information from an To change the way an image looks and to derive additional information from an image you can edit an image's legend.image you can edit an image's legend.Images are often used as the background to views, with spatial data being drawn Images are often used as the background to views, with spatial data being drawn on top of them. Themes representing images are therefore normally moved to on top of them. Themes representing images are therefore normally moved to the bottom of the view's Table of Contents, so that they are drawn on the view the bottom of the view's Table of Contents, so that they are drawn on the view first.first.The main difference between image data and feature-based spatial data is that The main difference between image data and feature-based spatial data is that images do not contain attribute data about the features they show. images do not contain attribute data about the features they show.

More typical definition in prose. Needs to be abstracted into bullet points

Feature DataFeature Data

In ArcView, features are stored as vector data and In ArcView, features are stored as vector data and their attributes are stored in tables known as their attributes are stored in tables known as attribute tables. Each class of features is stored in attribute tables. Each class of features is stored in a shapefile and has its own attribute table. Attribute a shapefile and has its own attribute table. Attribute tables contain one record for each feature of that tables contain one record for each feature of that class in the coverage.class in the coverage.Points: Points represent features found at discrete Points: Points represent features found at discrete locations, such as telephone poles, wells and locations, such as telephone poles, wells and mountain peaks.mountain peaks.Arcs: Arcs represent linear features such as Arcs: Arcs represent linear features such as streams, streets and contours.streams, streets and contours.Polygons: Polygons represent areas enclosed by Polygons: Polygons represent areas enclosed by specific boundaries, such as countries, states, land specific boundaries, such as countries, states, land parcels and soil types.parcels and soil types.

This looks a little less intimidating

In Class ExerciseIn Class Exercise

Break class into groupsBreak class into groups

Determine and rank main points for given Determine and rank main points for given definitiondefinition

From this write a definition in your own From this write a definition in your own wordswords

Type this in as an MS Word doc and save Type this in as an MS Word doc and save in in J:\saldata\SAL_temp\Egeo250\DefinitionsJ:\saldata\SAL_temp\Egeo250\Definitions

ImagefileImagefile

Imagefiles store Imagefiles store raster dataraster data but but no attributes or entitiesno attributes or entitiesCan be organized in a number of ways depending upon the Can be organized in a number of ways depending upon the particular image format.particular image format.– giff tiff jpeg…giff tiff jpeg…

Typically, the image data file contains a header record that stores Typically, the image data file contains a header record that stores information about the image -- number of rows and columns in the information about the image -- number of rows and columns in the image, the number of bits per pixel (or raster), the color image, the number of bits per pixel (or raster), the color requirements and the georeferencing information. requirements and the georeferencing information. There are four types of images:There are four types of images:– monochrome (one color usually black on white) monochrome (one color usually black on white) – pseudocolor pseudocolor – grayscale (shades of black on white) grayscale (shades of black on white) – true color/multiband true color/multiband

Image FileImage File

RasterRaster

Data no attsData no atts

Blk wht gray…Blk wht gray…

formatsformats

detailsdetails

In simplest form

ShapefileShapefile

Shapefiles store Shapefiles store feature data (vectors)feature data (vectors)– EntitiesEntities– AttributesAttributes– Geocodeshic features.Geocodeshic features.

Required filesRequired files– .shp - the file that stores the feature geometry.(points, lines, or .shp - the file that stores the feature geometry.(points, lines, or

polygons and geocodes) polygons and geocodes) – .shx - the file that stores the index of the feature geometry..shx - the file that stores the index of the feature geometry.– .dbf - the dBASE file that stores the attribute information of .dbf - the dBASE file that stores the attribute information of

features. (descriptors)features. (descriptors)Optional filesOptional files– A number of optional files also exist, but will not be discussed A number of optional files also exist, but will not be discussed

herehereA major difference between shapefiles and image files is the former A major difference between shapefiles and image files is the former has attributes attached to entities, the latter has no attributes or has attributes attached to entities, the latter has no attributes or entitiesentities

Shapefile(s)Shapefile(s)

VectorsVectors….….

Attributes…Attributes…

Pts lines ploy…Pts lines ploy…

Details file 3 min…Details file 3 min…

In simplest form

Now you finishNow you finish

Turn these points into complete sentencesTurn these points into complete sentences

Use you own wordsUse you own words

Add illustrationsAdd illustrations

Define GeographyDefine Geography

ge·og·ra·phy (j-gr-f) n. pl. ge·og·ra·phies 1. The study of the earth and its features and of the distribution of life on the earth, including human life and the effects of human activity.

2. The physical characteristics, especially the surface features, of an area.

3. A book on geography.

4. An ordered arrangement of constituent elements: charting a geography of the mind.

Geography is a discipline concerned with: Why things are Geography is a discipline concerned with: Why things are located where they are.located where they are.

Is a science that deals with two questions: Is a science that deals with two questions: Where are things – Where are things – Looks at and for Looks at and for PATTERNS; PATTERNS; Why/How things are at a location – Why/How things are at a location – Looks at and for Looks at and for PROCESSESPROCESSES