SOUTH ASIA CONFERENCE ON SANITATION

 SACOSAN IV

 COUNTRY REPORT– SRI LANKA

Content of the Report• A. BACKGROUND – Country Profile

• B. PERFORMANCE related to the Road Map from SACOSAN III-

Five milestones

• C. OVERALL ASSESSMENT –How we achieved & best practices

• D. STATISTIACAL ASSESSMENT - Achievements

/Targets

• E. GAPS & ISSUES

• General Information• Land Area: 64,740 Sqkm• 9 Provinces, 25 districts• Population: 19.8 mln (2006)• Population growth rate: 1.1%(2007)• Life Expectancy: 73 Yrs (2007)• Rural Population: 70%• Gender Ratio (M/F): 49/51• Literacy Rate: 95%• Safe water coverage: 81%

A: Background

Historical Background

4th Century BC

• National Responsibility : MWS&D, NWSDB, RWSSD– Supported by: MoH, MoE, CSOs, Donors ………

• At Local level: – Under decentralized administration, Community sanitation and hygiene promotion is regarded as a key utility service to be provided by the Local Authorities with the support of Provincial Health Ministries.

B: PERFORMANCE related to the Road Map from SACOSAN III, Delhi

• 1. Country commitment -- Satisfactory

• 2. Enabling policies -- Satisfactory

• 3. Effective & accountable institutions -- Satisfactory

• 4. Financing -- Satisfactory

• 5. Monitoring & sustaining change -- Satisfactory

C: OVERALL ASSESSMENT

• General: – Sensitized population, Government and CSO

collaborations

• How we have achieved good results ?– Role of MoH, Legal Provisions, Availability of many

technical options/manuals/guide lines, Knowhow at local level, Special Focus for needy,

– Best practices (sanitation together with hygiene promotion in 3rd ADB, SLRF in 2nd CWSSP, Involvement of CFs )

Coverage Committed under MDG by 2015: 84.5% by 2025: 100%

Sanitation Options• Off Site Sanitation

– Pipe borne sewer (Colombo MC priority areas, Housing schemes, Industrial zones)

– Bucket latrines (now prohibited in Sri Lanka)

• On Site Sanitation– Pit Latrines / VIP – Water Sealed Latrines• Disposal to an underground pit• Septic tanks with soak-away

– Ecological Options

D: STATISTIACAL ASSESSMENT Reference Achievements

a) Persons without access at the base year b)As a percentage of the total population

5.33 mln 31%

a) Persons without access at SACOSAN III in 2008 b) As a percentage of the total population

3.22 mln 6.1 %

a)Persons without access in 2010 (85.7% coverage)b)As a percentage of the total population

2.95 mln

14.3%

a) The additional population from the base year having sanitation

b)Increase in coverage as a percentage

5.78 mln (1.1mln toilets !!!) 16.7 %

(The above statistics does not include PIT Latrines)

E: GAPS & ISSUES • Accuracy of Data

• Improvements need in School Sanitation

• Sustainable sanitation for urban areas – public toilets, septage treatment)

• Areas requiring special attention – Estate & Fishing communities,– N&E resettlements – New approaches to meet climatic changes

• Addressing cultural needs – (water for toilets)

• Enforcement of Policies

Thanks

Additional Slides for further discussions

Having a coverage of 85.7% in 2011 does not mean that we have gone beyond 2015 target of 84.5% !!!

• Population in 2010 = 20.65 mln• Population served in 2010 = 20.65 x 85.7% = 17.7 mln

Population in 2015 = 21.9 mlnIf no more toilets constructed from 2011 to 2015,The coverage will be (17.7/21.9x 100 =) only 80%

coverage by 2015

D. STATISTIACAL ASSESSMENTExcluding PIT Latrines

Reference Achievements

a) Persons without access at the base year (69% coverage)

b)As a percentage of the total population

17.2mln x 31% = 5.33 mln

= 31%

a) Persons without access at SACOSAN III in 2008 (83.9 % coverage)b) As a percentage of the total population

20 mln x 16.1% = 3.22 mln = 16.1 %

a)Persons without access in 2010 (85.7% coverage)b)As a percentage of the total population

20.65mln x 14.3% = 2.95 mln

= 14.3%

a) The additional population from the base year having sanitation

b)Increase in coverage as a percentage

(20.65 – 17.2) mln +(5.33 – 2.95 ) mln = 5.78 mln (1.1mln toilets !!!)

31.0% - 14.3% = 16.7 %

B: PERFORMANCE related to the Road Map from SACOSAN III, Delhi

• 1. Country commitment -- Satisfactory – The need for achieving the MDG sanitation goals are highlighted in development

programmes and are monitored (ex: Mahinda Chinthana )

• 2. Enabling policies -- Satisfactory– A new policy for sanitation incorporating the comments from public is ready for

Cabinet approval. Policy highlights: inclusion of both urban & rural, incorporation of hygiene behavior change in sanitation program, bottom up/ participatory approaches, conservation of the environment as a primary objective, facilities to be managed and operated at the lowest appropriate level. Transport of excreta with human labour (scavenging) is no more a practice in the country.

• 3. Effective & accountable institutions -- Satisfactory– Tasks have been assigned to specific institutions in keeping with their national

responsibilities. Coordination mechanisms are in place. Capability and capacity available at local level is supported by specialized institutions when needed.

PERFORMANCE related to the Road Map from SACOSAN III, Delhi •

• 4. Financing -- Satisfactory– A balanced approach is in place between hardware development and software

support. Annual provisions are made in the national budget for sanitation improvements. Subsidies are available for those who cannot afford.

• 5. Monitoring & sustaining change -- Satisfactory– In addition to the increase in access to sanitation services, qualitative

improvements are evident from health indicators monitored by the MoH. The indicators proposed by the WHO/UNICEF Joint Monitoring Programme have been discussed and agreed amongst the three agencies concerned, the Ministry of Water Supply and Drainage, the Ministry of Health and the Department of Census & Statistics and future monitoring will be through household surveys providing user based information. Additionally, collaborative mechanisms supported by external entities such as UNICEF and WSSCC are in place.