south valley international school betma2

7/30/2019 South Valley International School Betma2

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Class -11th


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Biotechnology (sometimes shortened to "biotech")is the use of living systems and organisms todevelop or make useful products, and it is usually

seen in agriculture, food production and medicineproduction. Modern use of similar terms includesgenetic engineering as well as cell and tissueculture technologies. Insulin crystals
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Genetic_engineeringhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cell_culturehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tissue_culturehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tissue_culturehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Insulincrystals.jpghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tissue_culturehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tissue_culturehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tissue_culturehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cell_culturehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Genetic_engineeringhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Genetic_engineeringhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Genetic_engineering


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biological sciences (genetics, microbiology,animal cell culture, molecular biology,biochemistry, embryology,)

dependent on knowledge and methods fromoutside the sphere of biology (chemicalengineering, bioprocess engineering,information technology, biorobotics). cell

biology)
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geneticshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microbiologyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Animal_cell_culturehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Molecular_biologyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biochemistryhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Embryologyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chemical_engineeringhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chemical_engineeringhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bioprocess_engineeringhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Information_technologyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bioroboticshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cell_biologyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cell_biologyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cell_biologyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cell_biologyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bioroboticshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Information_technologyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bioprocess_engineeringhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chemical_engineeringhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chemical_engineeringhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Embryologyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biochemistryhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Molecular_biologyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Animal_cell_culturehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microbiologyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geneticshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Genetics


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LIFE

SCIENCE

INDUSTRIES


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Biotechnology is not limed to medical/healthapplications agriculture cultivation of plants may beviewed as the earliest biotechnological enterprise.Agriculture has been theorized to have become the

dominant way of producing food sincehe Neolithic Revolution.

highest yields, to produce enough food to support agrowing population.

the crops and fields became increasingly large anddifficult to maintain.

used to fertilize, restore nitrogen, and control pests.

crops through introducing them to new environmentsand breedingthem with other plants
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Agriculturehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neolithic_Revolutionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fertilizehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nitrogen_fixationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pesticidehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plant_breedinghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plant_breedinghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pesticidehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nitrogen_fixationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fertilizehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neolithic_Revolutionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Agriculture


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. Cultures such as those in Mesopotamia, Egypt, andIndia developed the process of brewingbeer. It is stilldone by the same basic method of using malted grains(containing enzymes) to convert starch from grains intosugar and then adding specific yeasts to produce beer. Inthis process the carbohydrates in the grains were brokendown into alcohols such as ethanol.

. Cultures such as those in Mesopotamia, Egypt, andIndia developed the process of brewingbeer. It is still

done by the same basic method of using malted grains(containing enzymes) to convert starch from grains intosugar and then adding specific yeasts to produce beer. Inthis process the carbohydrates in the grains were broken

down into alcohols such as ethanol.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mesopotamiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Egypthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brewinghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mesopotamiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Egypthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brewinghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brewinghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Egypthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mesopotamiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brewinghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Egypthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mesopotamia


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Four major industrial areas-

health care (medical),

cropproduction

andagriculture

non food (industrial) uses of crops and otherproducts (e.g. biodegradable plastics, vegetable

oil, biofuels),

environmentaluses.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biodegradable_plastichttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vegetable_oilhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vegetable_oilhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biofuelhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biofuelhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vegetable_oilhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vegetable_oilhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biodegradable_plastic


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Bioinformatics

Bluebiotechnology

i

Greenbiotechnology

Whitebiotechnology,

Redbiotechnology
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bioinformaticshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blue_biotechnologyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blue_biotechnologyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Green_biotechnologyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Green_biotechnologyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/White_biotechnologyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/White_biotechnologyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biopharmaceuticalhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biopharmaceuticalhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biopharmaceuticalhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biopharmaceuticalhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/White_biotechnologyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/White_biotechnologyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Green_biotechnologyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Green_biotechnologyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blue_biotechnologyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blue_biotechnologyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bioinformatics


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drug production pharmacogenomics

gene therapy

genetic testing (or genetic screening):techniques in molecular biology detect geneticdiseases. To test the developing fetus for Downsyndrome, Amniocentesis and chorionic villus

sampling can be used. Human Genome .

Cloning
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Drughttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pharmacogenomicshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gene_therapyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Down_syndromehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Down_syndromehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amniocentesishttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chorionic_villus_samplinghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chorionic_villus_samplinghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chorionic_villus_samplinghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chorionic_villus_samplinghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amniocentesishttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Down_syndromehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Down_syndromehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gene_therapyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pharmacogenomicshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Drug


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DNA microarray chip some can do as many as a million blood tests at once

Main article: Pharmacogenomics
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DNA_microarrayhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pharmacogenomicshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pharmacogenomicshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DNA_microarray


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http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Gel_electrophoresis_2.jpg


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bacterium

Escherichia coli
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bacteriumhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Escherichia_colihttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Escherichia_colihttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bacteriumhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Escherichia_colihttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bacterium


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Adenovirus
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adenovirushttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adenovirushttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adenovirus


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http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:InsulinHexamer.jpg

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