Attaching electrical wires to a chain of atoms is a lot harder than wiring alight bulb.

That may explain why Sandia researcher Julia Hsu’s (1114) invited talk oncreating electrical contacts for molecules attracted approximately 250

researchers at the American Physical Society’s March Meeting in Montreal.The overflow crowd filled the seats and jammed the aisles of the too-smalldouble room.

Single molecules could function as inexpensive, reliable chem/bio detec-tors, if an electrical signal could be made to flow through a molecule in a con-trolled manner. Such molecules can be designed to chemically bind to specificsubstances. Attachment of a target substance onto the molecule would thenresult in easily detectable variations in electrical output.

The American Institute of Physics’ The Industrial Physicist magazine hadbriefly highlighted Julia in its December issue. The magazine noted that while“large changes in conductivity can be achieved with a single molecule,” still“conductivity is profoundly affected by the way in which molecules are con-tacted.” The article helped emphasize the need to return to pursuing morefundamental problems in molecular electronics after the journal Science hadattacked the fledgling field in an article last year for claims of technological

(Continued on page 5)

Vol. 56, No. 8 April 16, 2004

Managed by Lockheed Martin for the National Nuclear Security Administration

Presidential dialogue

PRESIDENT GEORGE W. BUSH speaks with Sandia retiree Irv Hall duringthe president’s March 26 visit to Albuquerque. Irv was invited because ofhis work with Habitat for Humanity. President Bush thanked him forbeing a volunteer. Irv says he told the president, “It is an honor for aman who went to school in a one-room school house to meet the presi-dent of the United States.” Bush, during his speech, singled out Irv’swork with Habitat. Sandia’s next Habitat for Humanity project will breakground on April 24. For more information on volunteering or donatingmoney or materials, contact Darlene Leonard (12650) at 844-8024.

(Photo by Dean Hanson, Albuquerque Journal)(Published by arrangement with the Albuquerque Publishing Co.)

Sandia researcher brings Bell Labstechnique to wiring moleculesJulia Hsu establishes electrical circuits in thenano-realm

(Continued on page 4)

Standdown report offers recommendations, resultsin new security awareness effort for Labs workforceStanddown Report Team releases 34-page report soon to be available to all managers

Author Tom Reed shares up-closeinsights about the ‘real’ Cold War

3

7

CRF researchers, partners measuremoving car’s particulate emissions

Retiree Pat Long finds joy insmallest things after auto accident

Researcher Guylaine Pollock wins‘Women on the Move’ recognition8

12

Security changes designed to raise workforceawareness are on their way to Sandia — most as aresult of the Novem-ber Safeguards andSecurity Standdown.

On March 30 theStanddown ReportTeam delivered the34-page report to LabsPresident C. PaulRobinson, who con-curred with theresults. It will soon bemade available to allmanagers to sharewith staff.

The report identi-fies concerns Sandianscited during thestanddown and offers short- and long-term solu-tions to reduce potential security risks. A largetable as an attachment contains the consolidated

comments and questions expressed as part of thestanddown.

“I am pleased with the report and recommen-dations it contains,” says Ron Detry, Chief Secu-rity Officer and VP for Integrated Security Div.4000. “It shows the thoroughness and thoughtful-ness people gave during the standdown and thatsecurity is back in the consciousness of Sandians.”

11,500 people participatedSome 11,500 people, including employees,

contractors, and consultants, received at least 16hours of security-related training from Nov.16-26. All divisions submitted consolidatedstanddown reports that were analyzed by Centers4100 and 5500, using data-mining software.

Terri Lovato, Level II Manager of Safe-guards and Security Operations Dept. 4220,says most comments from employees focusedon five areas of concern: access control, foreigninteractions, prohibited articles, protection ofclassified material, and telecommunications.These concerns in most cases correspond toareas where the workforce experienced security

incidents or infractions.“Some of these concerns are being addressed

with simple fixes,” Terri says. “Others will take awhile as we identify long-term actions.”

One of the first changes made increases secu-rity police officer presence at entrances to secu-rity areas. There they can identify prohibiteditems before they reach the limited area. Also, aforeign national request (FNR) decision diagramis being designed for FNRs.

A ‘front door’ to securityComing soon will be a “new front door to

security.” A telephone hotline will connect callerswho have security questions to individuals whocan quickly provide answers to their questions or

Sandia launches new Security AwarenessCampaign on May 5 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Page 5

Kickoff speakers will address identity theft,Post-9/11 rescue efforts, terrorist threats . . . . Page 5

Inside . . .

“Some of theseconcerns arebeing addressedwith simplefixes. Others willtake a while aswe identify long-term actions.”

By Neal Singer

“[While] large changes in conductivity can beachieved with a single molecule . . . conductivityis profoundly affected by the way in which mole-cules are contacted.” from The Industrial Physicist

By Chris Burroughs

Sandia National Laboratorieshttp://www.sandia.gov/LabNews

Albuquerque, New Mexico 87185-0165Livermore, California 94550-0969Tonopah, Nevada • Nevada Test Site • Amarillo, Texas •Carlsbad, New Mexico • Washington, D.C.

Sandia National Laboratories is a multiprogram laboratory operated bySandia Corporation, a Lockheed Martin company, for the US Departmentof Energy’s National Nuclear Security Administration.

Ken Frazier, Editor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 505/844-6210Bill Murphy, Writer. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 505/845-0845Chris Burroughs, Writer. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 505/844-0948Randy Montoya, Photographer . . . . . . . . 505/844-5605Nancy Garcia, California site contact. . . . . 925/294-2932Contributors: Janet Carpenter (844-7841), John German(844-5199), Neal Singer (845-7078), Larry Perrine (845-8511),Howard Kercheval (columnist, 844-7842), Will Keener (844-1690),Iris Aboytes (844-2282), Michael Padilla (284-5325), Rod Geer(844-6601), Michael Lanigan (844-2297), and Michelle Fleming(Ads, Milepost photos, 844-4902). Dept. 12640, Manager: ChrisMiller (844-0587).

Lab News fax ................................................505/844-0645Classified ads ................................................505/844-4902

Published on alternate Fridays by Media Relationsand Communications Dept. 12640, MS 0165

Plain English Campaign reported recently that in a poll of themost irritating clichés in the English language, “at the end of theday” is the most irritating. That is followed closely by “at thismoment in time” and the ubiquitous use of “like” as if it were a formof punctuation. <www.plainenglish.co.uk/pressrelease.html>

Agreeing wholeheartedly, I went right to work on a letterpraising the organization’s effort to restore some majesty to thelanguage by eliminating, or at least reducing, such reliance onclichés.

“I hear you,” I wrote, “and at the end of the day, this is anabsolutely, like, awesome example of thinking outside the box.Although it’s not rocket science, at this point in time, to beperfectly honest with you, the fact of the matter is, with all duerespect, we’ll push the envelope and move the goalposts so we’re allsinging from the same hymn sheet in terms of an ongoing effort toprioritize. The bottom line, of course, is that our crack troopsalways see the glass half full (rather than half empty), and to beperfectly honest with you, can address the issue without puttingthemselves between a rock and a hard place.”

But then I thought, Naaaa. . . maybe not.* * *

While we’re on the subject of wordsmithing, Mike Lord (6853)wrote from Yucca Mountain, “I’m not sure if road signs qualify forjournalism, but the following street sign I saw in Al Khubar, SaudiArabia, demonstrates the poetic nature of the Arabic language.” InArabic and English, it was a warning to drivers to watch for and becareful near pedestrians. It read: “Do not expose pedestrians to thedangers of your vehicle.”

* * *And if you’re a purist, this mania we seem to have to “verb-ize”

nouns is another maddening aspect of today’s loosey-goosey lingo.A colleague fumed recently about hearing a pitch on the radio

for the retraining of people out of work — or for people who need to“re-career.”

If I were an English instructor, I might be so aggravated bysuch liberties taken with the language that I would consider de-careering.

* * *Hold it! Everybody knows the spam issue is out of hand, but it’s

now reaching otherworldly dimensions. I got an e-mail from BarryGoldwater, who has been dead for six years!

He was hustling sales of “the most expensive coin in the world”— the 1933 US Double Eagle $20 gold coin. But his death must haveaffected his reasoning power. He wanted to sell me the coin for just$19.95.

OK, so maybe it was a replica. But the offer came from BarryGoldwater! Surely you’re impressed with that!

— Howard Kercheval (844-7842, MS 0165, hckerch@sandia.gov)

What’s what

The Coblentz Society has recognized SandiaSenior Scientist David Haaland (1812) with theprestigious Bomem-Michelson Award for his con-tributions to the advancement of vibrationalspectroscopy.

The award, dedicated to the memory of Pro-fessor A. E. Michelson and sponsored by ABBBomem, is presented annually to honor scientists

who have advanced thetechniques of vibrational,molecular, Raman, or elec-tronic spectroscopy.

Dave won his awardbased on his seminal workregarding quantitative analy-sis of near and mid-infraredspectroscopy. As one col-league pointed out, DavidHaaland “is possibly the

most important individual in the development ofquantitative infrared spectroscopy.”

His most influential work was published withSandia co-author Edward Thomas in 1988 in twoarticles in Analytical Chemistry. These articles havebeen cited more than 800 times since then andmore than 100 times in 2002-03.

Dave received the award and honorarium atthe Pittsburgh Conference in March, followed by anaward symposium honoring Dave and his research.

Dave received his PhD in physical chemistryfrom the University of Rochester in 1973. He hasbeen at Sandia since 1972. In 1989, he was named aDistinguished Member of the Technical Staff, fol-lowed by promotion to Senior Scientist in 1998. Hehas held joint appointments with the University ofNew Mexico as Adjunct Professor of Chemistry,1988-present, Adjunct Research Associate, Univer-sity of New Mexico School of Medicine, 1993-2001,and Adjunct Professor of Molecular Genetics andMicrobiology, 2002-present.

He has won previous awards for developmentof Chemometrics PC software (1991 with D. K.Melgaard, 1812) and for infrared emission analysisof thin-film dielectrics (1993, with T. M. Niem-czyk, UNM). Dave and Ed Thomas (12323) wereawarded the first Chemistry in Statistics Awardfrom the American Statistical Association in 1991.Along with co-inventors, Dave received the NewMexico Inventor of the Year Outstanding Achieve-ment Award for the noninvasive glucose monitor(1993) and the New Mexico Inventor of the YearAward for Reliable Noninvasive Measurement ofBlood Gases (1994).

Dave Haaland’s workhonored with prestigiousCoblentz SocietyBomem-Michelson Award

DAVID HAALAND

Steve Knudsen (6211), a gas well drilling tech-nology expert, went to the Carlsbad/Sandia site tohelp following the gas well blowout March 11.His name was misspelled in an article about theblowout that ran in the April 2 Lab News.

The last few words in a March 5 Lab Newsarticle about the 2003 ethics survey were inadver-tently dropped. The last sentence should haveread: “In addition, Jennifer reports statistics,trends, and issues to the Sandia Audit and EthicsCommittee, a subcommittee of the GovernanceCommittee of Sandia’s Board of Directors.”

For the record

The Test Capabilities Revitalization (TCR) sto-ries in the March 19 Lab News should have recog-nized several local companies that designed anddeveloped construction documents for the Ther-mal Test Complex Project in Area 3 and the AerialCable Site Improvements Project in Sol Se MeteCanyon.

Both projects were awarded to Dekker/Perich/Sabatini (DPS), which teamed with Bridgers &Paxton Consulting Engineers (B&P). DPS alsoprovided the computer renderings of the facilitiesused in the March 19 articles.

“The design firms worked under tight dead-lines, with multiple layers of oversight to createdesigns that met Sandia’s functional and bud-getary requirements,” says Paul Schlavin, TCRProject Manager (10824). The design firms createdinnovative solutions to meet the unusually shortdesign schedule. Solutions included creation ofindependent design teams for each project andformal “over-the-shoulder” review presentationsto augment the traditional reviews.

DPS managed the Aerial Cable design teamand provided architectural design services. B&Pprovided mechanical, electrical, and communica-tions designs; Chavez-Grieves Engineers providedstructural design; and Smith Engineering pro-vided the civil design.

B&P managed the Thermal Test Complex

design team and provided the mechanical, electri-cal, process controls, and communicationdesigns. DPS provided structural and architecturaldesign services, and Smith Engineering providedthe civil design.

Other firms involved with these projectsincluded Balis & Co. for construction costs andschedule development for both projects; Jacobs-Sverdrup, which provided computer modelingand consulting on thermal issues; and Architec-tural Research Consultants, which supported theinitial programming efforts. —Will Keener

Several local companies helping withTest Capabilities Revitalization project

* * *

Combustion Research Facility team and partnersmeasure car’s particulate emissions driving on road

Using a unique laser-based, soot-heating technique, a team led byresearchers at Sandia’s CombustionResearch Facility (CRF) has demon-strated the ability to measure “realworld” particulate emissions from avehicle under actual driving conditions.

While on-board measurements ofgaseous emissions are routine, real-timeparticulate measurements have been farmore elusive, yet are essential for vali-dating federal emissions guidelines forvehicle compliance.

Laser-induced incandescencePete Witze (8362) recently collabo-

rated with Artium Technologies,Chevron Oronite, and the NationalResearch Council (NRC) Canada todemonstrate the feasibility of obtainingon-board measurements of vehicle par-ticulate emissions using laser-induced incandes-cence (LII) technology. LII is a nonintrusive diag-nostic technology that can perform “real-time”measurements of particulate emissions producedby internal combustion engines.

Sandia, Artium Technologies, and the NRChave worked together to develop the portableversion of LII instrumentation that was success-fully applied during this recent trial. Conse-quently, this new method may alter the way in

which the automotive industry effectively gaugesparticulate emissions.

During the past decade, CRF and NRCresearchers honed the LII technique, discovered inthe 1970s, with the NRC securing an importanttemperature-measurement patent that is key to thecurrent measurement capability.

The most notable result during the recenttests, says Pete, was obtained during the coastingdescent. “Although the vehicle speed and engine

rpm were reasonably steady for the periodfrom 470 to 600 seconds, the particulateemissions suggest that fuel injectioncycled on and off intermittently,” he says.

While the researchers believe the idealfueling strategy would be to turn off injec-tion for the entire descent, the vehicle isequipped with a catalyst that needs to bekept at its operating temperature.

The average particulate emissionsmeasured by LII during this period were8.4 ppb, as compared to 10-11 ppb duringsteady-state idle. This suggests that theengine control module has been pro-grammed to minimize fuel consumptionduring a descent while maintaining idle-like particulate emission levels and anactive catalyst.

Increasing environmental interestThe ability to measure on-board par-

ticulate tailpipe emissions is of growingenvironmental interest because of the

desire to validate current US EnvironmentalProtection Agency (EPA) vehicle certification pro-cedures. These procedures, which have been theindustry standard for more than 30 years, measureemissions using a chassis dynamometer and spec-ify engine speed to be applied during testing.Because such tests do not replicate variables such

as grade changes and weather encountered underactual driving conditions, the automotive industryexpects dynamometer emissions testing to be sup-plemented with on-road measurements in thefuture.

In general, innovative new methods are neededto evaluate the effects of mobile source emissions —both from off- and on-road sources — on air qual-ity, especially as the EPA and state agencies, such asthe California Air Resources Board (CARB), updatetheir mobile source emission models.

In conducting the tests, Artium’s commer-cially available LII instrument and ancillaryequipment were placed in the trunk and on oneside of the rear seat of a 2002 Volkswagen Jettawith automatic transmission and a turbochargeddirect-injection (TDI) diesel engine. An on-boarddiagnostics scan tool interface was used to accessthe vehicle and engine speeds for recording whilethe vehicle was driven on a test route in the Liver-more valley.

These measurements were then time-matchedwith the LII measurements to obtain a synchro-nized data set correlating time-resolved particulateemissions with a variety of vehicle operating con-ditions that included city driving, freeway drivingwith entrance-acceleration and hill ascent, andcoasting descent on a rural road.

Pete said another unique aspect of the LII mea-surement technique is that, unlike other systems, itdoes not require an operator to conduct the tests. Forthis and other reasons, he said engine manufacturershave proven to be “extremely interested” in LII.

Pete spoke on the topic of on-board particulateemissions at the Coordinating Research Council’s14th On-Road Vehicle Emissions Workshop onMarch 29 in San Diego.

SANDIA LAB NEWS • April 16, 2004 • Page 3

AS IT COASTS on a downhill grade heading into Livermore, this VolkswagenJetta’s vehicle and engine speed measurements are time-matched with LIImeasurements to obtain a synchronized data set correlating real-time par-ticulate emissions. (Photos by Bud Pelletier)

THE RESEARCH TEAM with the Volkswagen Jetta testvehicle. From left: Will Bachalo and Greg Payne(Artium), Greg Smallwood (NRC), Pete Witze(Sandia’s CRF), Gary Hubbard (consultant), BrianGraskow (Chevron), and Mike Fidrich (Artium).

WOOSH! — The F-117 Stealth fighter, a B-2 stealth bomber, and the F-22 Raptor are caught in this singlephoto of a low-level flyover during the Rose Bowl parade in Pasadena, Calif. Sandia President and Laborato-ries Director C. Paul Robinson was feeling the thrill of hearing the Marine Corps Band playing our nationalanthem, followed by the sounds of the jets flying over. He clicked the shutter of his new digital camera andwas pleasantly surprised to see the outcome.

Airpower display catches Paul Robinson’s eye

By Mike Janes

successes that the journal found dubious.One problem was that earlier attempts to

pass a current through a molecule foundered onthe difficulty of attaching electrical nanocontactpoints to molecules. Electrical short-circuitingbetween the positive and negative contactsgenerally plagued device yields, and spuriouselectrical paths have often been misinterpreted ascurrents passing through the length of the signalmolecule.

Julia’s solution, brought with her from BellLabs, uses a technique that resembles a child’sprinting set. It is called nanotransfer printing.

SANDIA LAB NEWS • April 16, 2004 • Page 4

The molecules she uses have a chain of carbonatoms anchored by sulfur atoms at each end.These moleculesform a monolayer ona gallium-arsenidesubstrate with one ofthe sulfur ends bind-ing to the galliumarsenide. The carbonchains and the othersulfur end groups ele-vate above the sub-strate like a field ofwheat rising abovethe ground. To thetop of this raisedfield, Julia applies asoft silicone stampcovered by a gold film. The gold film is able tochemically bond to the raised sulfur atoms whileremaining strong enough to form an otherwiseunsupported canopy (something like the way anumbrella’s fabric does not need to be supported atevery point to form a surface), rather than drip-ping down to the substrate and shorting out thedevice.

This gold canopy and the gallium arsenidesubstrate form positive and negative contacts forthe attached field of molecules.

Her method boasts a 97 percent success rate,she says, compared to less than five percent suc-cessful yield in devices that involved merely evap-orating metals onto the stand-up molecules.

“This is still basic science, not a usefuldevice yet,” Julia says. “It does not yet have fea-

tures such as integration with silicon or a sepa-rate gate to make a transistor. There are manytechnical challenges to realize these goals andmany researchers are tackling these questions.What I am doing is laying the basic scientificfoundation for this very promising but stillemerging technology.”

More work remains to be done, she says, toestablish parameters for different metals and vary-ing temperatures and pressures. She is building

collaborations with researchers in 1100, 1700,and 8700 to establish a research program in thisarea within Sandia.

Mark J. Cardillo, executive director at theCamille and Henry Dreyfus Foundation in NewYork, exited Julia’s talk smiling. Asked why, hesaid it was an excellent talk and then volunteeredthat “I’ve never had a better postdoc for beingunafraid to get to the core of an issue, and I havehad some very good postdocs.” Cardillo was a for-mer executive at Bell Labs, from which Juliarecently emigrated to Sandia.

Julia will co-chair the fall meeting of theMaterials Research Society in 2004.

Molecules(Continued from page 1)

Faster ways to heal wounds, better pros-thetic devices for amputees, and a detectorthat prevents injuries to humans from land-mines by finding them first were presentedin brief overviews to media on April 1 atSandia’s International Programs Building inResearch Park.

Efforts coming to fruitionThe five Sandia-led humanitarian and

medical projects, with histories thatstretch back several years and now arecoming to fruition, have the commonthread of involving former Russian nuclearweapons scientists in productive, usefulbusinesses that help people. They alsoinvolve American companies that partnerwith the Russians.

The Sandia and Russian researchers wereavailable to answer questions after the pre-sentations, as were the American entrepre-neurs. Sandia researchers present includedMark Vaughn, Deepesh Kholwadwala, ElaineHinman-Sweeney (all 15222), and KeithMiller (9125).

Improvement after the first dayHospital administrators from Mimbres

Memorial Hospital in Deming, N.M., wereavailable to talk about their experiences usingone of the devices — a thin-plastic, high-oxy-gen bag — to help a patient heal. “You couldsee the improvement after the first day,” saidone administrator.

The news conference was part of a weekof discussion among Sandia principal investi-gators, US private industry partners, potentialinvestors, and researchers and executivesfrom Spektr Conversion, a company made upof former Russian nuclear weapons scientistsin the closed Russian city of Snezhinsk.

Innovative medical and humanitarian devicesdisplayed at Sandia-hosted media eventJoint US-Russian work on inflatable wheelchair seat, wound-healing bag, prosthetic leg, landminedetector, other devices explainedBy Neal Singer

NOT EXACTLY A DAY AT THE BEACH — In foregroundof the photo above, a mannequin in a relaxed posedemonstrates one arrangement of the wound-healingNumobag, which increases the amount of oxygenavailable for destruction of potentially lethal bacteria.In background, Keith Miller addresses an audience ofmedia, Russians, Sandians, and entrepreneurs at theInternational Programs Building on life-saving Sandiaprojects. To Keith’s left, Bob Martin (KRQE-TV 13) andhis video camera captures the event for his station. Thephoto at left shows an arrangement of enhanced pros-thetic devices jointly created by Sandia researchers, theRussian company Spektr-Conversion, and Americanentrepreneurs. (Photos by Randy Montoya)

“This is still basic science, not auseful device yet. . . . What I amdoing is laying the basic scientificfoundation for this very promisingbut still emerging technology.”

JULIA HSU

Looking for child care? Summerinfo fair is April 27 at C-Club

Sandia’s annual Summer/Childcare Infor-mation Fair will be Tuesday, April 27, from11-4 p.m. in the Fiesta Room at the Coron-ado Club. The fair provides information on awide variety of childcare options for the sum-mer. Explora, Camp Invention, and manyother summer camp reps will be present.Information on preschools, and child carecenters for all ages will also be available, aswill a variety of parenting information.

If you have questions or comments, contactTama Nielsen-Trujillo at tmniels@sandia.gov.

SANDIA LAB NEWS • April 16, 2004 • Page 5

Security report(Continued from page 1)

will answer questions directly from a database offrequently asked questions.

Also on its way is the addition of a securitye-mail hotline (security@sandia.gov). Employ-ees may want to use the hotline to direct theirsecurity questions and concerns to a securityexpert and receive guidance. In addition a“question online subscriber-only newsletter” isbeing established. People who subscribe willreceive an e-mail notice when new questionsare answered in the newsletter, located on thestanddown homepage.

More initiatives plannedOther security-related initiatives planned for

the near future include:• Implementing a corporate approach to

Anytime, anywhere — security — it’s your watch.That’s the theme of the new Sandia Security Awareness campaign that kicks

off May 5 with a celebration at the Steve Schiff Auditorium.“Our goal is to keep members of the workforce thinking seriously

about security — about how they affect the security of thework they do — and to remind them to continue incor-porating security into their daily lives at work and athome,” says Ann Marie Griego (4222), AwarenessCampaign lead. “This goal is reflected in our newmotto. We’re going to start with a full day of secu-rity-related activities that will get members of theworkforce thinking about security.”

Planning is underway for a similar event at theCalifornia site.

The campaign is a project of Security Education andAwareness Lessons Learned (SEALL) team. (See “SEALL’smantra” below.)

The May 5 event will carry a Cinco de Mayo theme and start at 10 a.m. Mas-ter of Ceremonies Reggie Tibbetts (4224) will introduce Ron Detry, Chief SecurityOfficer and VP of the Integrated Security Div. 4000. Ron will give a generaloverview about some of the changes underway in security, followed by presenta-tions by three individuals well-versed in security issues. They are Joseph Ruffini, aretired army lieutenant colonel and security expert; Lette Birn, a search and res-cue expert; and Wayne Morris, an Operations Security (OPSEC) professionalassigned to Wackenhut Services Inc.

From 3-4 p.m. Security Education Film Awards — similar to the AcademyAwards — will be presented to people who helped make and starred in thehumorous security awareness videos everyone watched during the securitystanddown. Bloopers will also be shown. Security-related exhibits and demon-strations such as decontamination foam and how to lock a classified safe will beavailable in the Bldg. 823 breezeway. Most other security functions will also berepresented to answer any security related questions.

Mariachi and guitar music will be performed all day by Sandians. Membersof Mariachi Sandia are Manny Trujillo (14153), Isidro Molina (1645), JohnGuillen (2523), Roque Gallegos (15341), Mel Chavez (2997), and Eloy Marquez(5734).

Reggie, who helped plan the event, says people will also be able to see areproduction of the “World Famous Original Fighting Vehicle, the Batmobile,”from the 1960s television series. Cast from the original molds, it is locally owned

by Michael and Khristine Esch. The convertible will be on display at the event,weather permitting.

“What better way to illustrate the history of security than to have theGotham City Cruiser present,” Reggie says. “You’ll be able to see all the original

features of the Batmobile such as the Bat Phone, Bat Turbine, Bat Scope, andthe Bat TV. This promises to be a fun and educational day. We hope

everyone will take time out of their day to attend.”Throughout the day there will be free chips, salsa, biscochitos,

and securitas (like margaritas but without the alcohol) availablefor participants. During the noon hour the Coronado Club willhave Mexican food for sale outside the Steve Schiff Auditorium.There will be drawings for fun gifts throughout the day.

Another part of the Security Awareness Campaign will be abrown bag lunch series emphasizing issues brought up in the security

standdown. The first topic, which focuses on reporting requirementsrelated to foreign interactions, counterintelligence, personnel security, and

security incidents, will be presented April 28, from 11:30 a.m.-1 p.m. in the Bldg.823 breezeway. — Chris Burroughs

Security Awareness Campaign to kick off May 5

About the May 5 speakers

Joseph Ruffini retired from active duty as an Army lieutenant colonelin 1995. He has more than 25 years of experience in infrastructuresecurity, counterterrorist operations, operations security, and informa-tion warfare. He will talk about threats in today’s world.

Lette Birn, a Denmark native who went to college and worked as ateacher in Germany, is involved in New Mexico’s Ski Patrol and insearch and rescue in the state. She is a canine search specialist whoseK-9 partner over the last 11 years has been Guinness, a black lab. Herecently retired and currently she is training Spenser, another blacklab. She will talk about search and rescue efforts inside the Pentagonafter 9/11.

Wayne Morris is a security professional assigned to WackenhutServices Inc. He has provided direct support to the NNSA Nevada Siteoffice and its OPSEC Program for the last 10 years. He will talk aboutidentity theft.

security as opposed to a site approach. Forexample, at Sandia/California, people can’t“vouch” others into the limited areas. At San-dia/New Mexico vouching is permitted. Policy

will be identical at all sites, unless there is acompelling business reason for a difference. Pro-cedures by which policy is implemented may bedifferent because of such factors as site size andorganization structure.

• Improving corporate process requirementsto make them easier to read.

• Explaining security changes as they occur andcommunicating the reasons for the requirements.

• Improving training by providing an initialsecurity briefing, a comprehensive security brief-ing, and an annual security refresher briefing forpersonnel with security duties.

• Investigating technology equipment thatcan be used to stop people from accidentallybringing their cell phones into limited areas. Cen-ter 4100 is evaluating a cell phone detection capa-bility that should be ready for testing by the endof the fiscal year.

“The goal of each of these initiatives is tomake it easy for people to do the right thing anddifficult to do the wrong thing in the area ofsecurity,” Terri says.

ON TARGET — A Sandia Security Police Officer shows hisskills in a recent shoot-off to choose members of the Sandiapistol team. The five-member team will compete in anannual DOE-sponsored cmpetition at the Savannah RiverSite in Aiken, S.C., in early May. (Photo by Cal Smith)

The Security Education and Awareness Lessons Learned (SEALL) teamtakes security seriously.

This group of people represents most of the Labs’ security organiza-tions or organizations having security-related functions, including Center4200 security programs (e.g. Foreign Interactions, Protective Force, Oper-ations Security, Security Incident Management Program, S&S Assurance,Classified Matter, Protection and Control, Personnel Security), CyberSecurity, Counterintelligence, Technical Surveillance, Import/ExportControl, as well as representation from Sandia/California, HumanResources, and the Line.

The SEALL team was formed about two years ago by Gene Marquez,Manager of Safeguards and Security Training and Reporting Dept. 4222,and members of his Feedback and Improvement teams.

“The team started with a small core group and has grown to nearly20 members thanks to the leadership of Adele Montoya (4222), SEALLteam coordinator and lead,” says Gene.

“Our mission is to promote the integration and effectiveness of secu-rity awareness activities,” he says. “We are working to do this by provid-ing the ‘4Rs’ to Sandia’s workforce.”

The 4Rs are:

• Right security information, to the• Right audience, at the• Right time, through the• Right mechanisms SEALL’s goal is to have employees consistently take the correct secu-

rity actions and make decisions that will result in desired performance. Itis doing this through the combination of security education, securitytraining, and security awareness.

Security education provides basic security knowledge through thenew-hire comprehensive annual refresher briefings. Security awarenessinvolves ongoing reminders about security basics and alerting employeesin a timely manner to specific undesired security performance issues andtrends with the goal of “righting performance.” Security training involvestraining members of the workforce to the level of proficiency commensu-rate with their security roles and responsibilities.

“A major focus of SEALL’s is this security awareness program, whichreinforces Sandia’s corporate security culture where every worker has arole in security, and security is second nature in how we conduct busi-ness,” Gene says.

SEALL’s mantra: Right info, right audience, right time, right mechanisms

NNSA Administrator Linton Brooks testifiedbefore the Senate Armed Services Committee Sub-committee on Strategic Forces in March to discussthe Administration’sviews on nuclear pol-icy, US nuclearforces, the nuclearweapons stockpile tosupport those forces,and ongoing work onimplementing the2001 Nuclear PostureReview (NPR).

Regarding thatreview, he noted thatit reaffirms thatnuclear weapons, forthe foreseeable future, will remain a crucial ele-ment of US national security strategy.

“But, consistent with the changed interna-tional environment,” he said, “the Nuclear Pos-ture Review represented a radical departure fromthe past and the most fundamental re-thinking ofthe roles and purposes of nuclear weapons inalmost a quarter-century.”

Key elements of Nuclear PostureReview

Brooks highlighted three key elements ofthe NPR:

• The review established the need for a capa-bilities-based force to accomplish four distinctdefense policy goals: to assure our allies of ourcommitment to their security; to dissuade adver-saries from trying to match our capabilities; todeter any threats that do emerge; and, to defendagainst and defeat those threats that, for whateverreason, we do not deter.

• Instead of treating nuclear weapons in isola-tion, the review considered them as an integratedcomponent of American military power, thusallowing us to achieve national security objectivesthrough other means that previously could onlyhave been addressed with nuclear weapons.

• Instead of treating the future as static andpredictable, the NPR recognized that require-ments could change and that US nuclear forces

must be prepared to respond to those changes,including by increasing the fraction of the forcethat is deployed.

In filling in the details about many aspects ofthe NPR and its implications for the nation’snuclear deterrent, Brooks described the administra-tion’s concepts regarding what he calls “a respon-sive nuclear weapons infrastructure.” Here is anextended excerpt from that section of his remarks:

“Of the many new concepts in theNuclear Posture Review, one of the mostimportant is formal recognition that a robustdefense R&D and industrial base — a key ele-ment of which is a responsive nuclearweapons infrastructure — is as important asstrike forces or defenses in achieving ouroverall defense goals. The demonstratedcapabilities of the defense scientific, techni-cal, and manufacturing infrastructure,including its ability to sustain and adapt,provides the US with the means to respondto new, unexpected, or emerging threats in atimely manner. If we can employ this infra-structure to produce new or replacementwarheads on a timescale in which geopoliti-cal threats could emerge, or in response tostockpile “surprise,” then we can go muchfurther in reducing the standing stockpileand meet the president’s vision of the small-est stockpile consistent with our nation’ssecurity. By ‘responsive’ we refer to theresilience of the nuclear weapons enterpriseto unanticipated events or emerging threats,and the ability to anticipate innovations byan adversary and to counter them before ourdeterrent is degraded — all the while contin-uing to carry out the day-to-day activities insupport of the stockpile. Unanticipated

events could include complete failure of adeployed warhead type. Emerging threatscould call for new or modified warheaddevelopment, or for providing additionalwarheads for force augmentation. A keymeasure of ‘responsiveness’ is how long itwould take to carry out certain activities toaddress stockpile ‘surprise’ or deal with newor emerging threats. . . . ”

Brooks also discussed an element of theNNSA’s implementation of NPR that has beenmore controversial than others, the study of a so-called Robust Nuclear Earth Penetrator, or RNEP.

“The Nuclear Posture Review highlightedthe importance of ensuring that the weaponscomplex can adjust to the changing require-ments of nuclear deterrence in the comingdecades. In FY 2005 . . . we propose continu-ing the Robust Nuclear Earth Penetrator feasi-bility and cost study now underway. Perhapsthe single most contentious issue in our bud-get request is continued funding for theRobust Nuclear Earth Penetrator study. Thisstudy is to determine whether existing war-heads — the B61 and the B83 — could beadapted without nuclear testing to improveour ability to hold at risk hardened, deeplyburied facilities that may be important to afuture adversary. I want to correct severalmisconceptions about this effort:

“There is a clear military utility to such aweapon, which is why the Defense Depart-ment asked for it to be studied. A classifiedreport was submitted to this committee lastyear on this subject and remains valid.

“Despite this utility, we will movebeyond the study stage only if the presidentapproves and funds are authorized andappropriated by the Congress. We includedfunds in our out-year projections only to pre-serve the President’s options. No decision willbe made until the study is completed. Thelaw is clear that beginning development engi-neering requires Congressional approval.

“Even if deployed, this weapon does notrepresent a change from our policy goal ofdeterrence. Deterrence requires we be able tohold at risk that which an adversary values.Our efforts to determine the potential effec-tiveness of an earth penetrating weaponreflect a continued emphasis on enhancingdeterrence. Once again I refer you to the clas-sified report submitted last year.”

Brooks concluded his 5,000-plus-word pre-pared remarks by noting that “the United Stateswill continue to lead the way to a safer worldthrough the deep reductions in nuclear forcescodified by the Moscow Treaty, through Nunn-Lugar, and other cooperative threat reductionefforts, and through other actions. At the sametime, although conventional forces will assume alarger share of the deterrent role, we will maintainan effective, reliable, and capable — thoughsmaller — nuclear force as a hedge against afuture that is uncertain and in a world in whichsubstantial nuclear arsenals remain. Our ongoingefforts to reduce the current stockpile to the mini-mum consistent with national security require-ments, to address options for transformation ofthis smaller stockpile, and to restore a responsivenuclear weapons infrastructure are key elementsof the Administration’s national security strat-egy. Carrying out these efforts will pose no riskto critical US nonproliferation objectives.”

SANDIA LAB NEWS • April 16, 2004 • Page 6

LINTON BROOKS

MAKING A SPLASH — Near-record rainfall in the early days of April brought welcome moisture to theparched Albuquerque area, but also brought more water into some storm drainage systems than they couldhandle. On the morning of Friday, April 9, Lab News associate Michelle Fleming, noticing the lake in front ofBldg. 811 where a street was supposed to be, grabbed her camera and took this photo.

Water, water everywhere — everywhere

NNSA administrator Brooks talks about earth penetratorwork, other aspects of 21st century nuclear stockpileSenate testimony highlights administration’s nuclear policy thinking

“Emerging threats could call for new or modified warhead development, orfor providing additional warheads for force augmentation. A key measure of‘responsiveness’ is how long it would take to carry out certain activities toaddress stockpile ‘surprise’ or deal with new or emerging threats. . . . ”

the secret police thug who was also in charge ofthe Soviet weapons program. In fact, Reed said,American weaponeers (including Sandians) playeda direct role in Stalin’s death. After America’s“Mike” test of a thermonuclear device, Beria knewthat he would be on Stalin’s hit list because theSoviet thermonuclear program was not yet mature.

“[Beria] knew he had to hit first. So you guys firedoff Mike and Beria bumped off Stalin. Good job!”

Historians, Reed said, are increasingly recog-nizing that Eisenhower — far from being the laissezfaire, rather bumbling figure he was often por-

trayed as at the time — was in fact, “a genius.” Itwas Eisenhower, 30 years before Reagan, whodecided that a combination of a nuclear deterrentand a thriving US economy would eventuallybankrupt the Soviet Union, Reed said. “He was right.”

Other highlights of Reed’s colloquium:When the Soviets shot down U-2 pilot Francis

Gary Powers, flying over Sverdlosk at 70,000 feet, theyalso shot down two of their own pilots who wereshadowing Powers in MiG fighters at 40,000 feet.

The Soviet weapons program took a huge tollon the Soviet people. Without the checks and bal-ances, and the natural constraints and accountabil-ities that characterize a democratic society, theSoviet military didn’t pay much attention to envi-ronmental issues. They would dump rad-wastesinto a common pit without monitoring it veryclosely. One of these waste pits in the 1950s wentcritical and exploded, forcing the evacuation ofhundreds of thousands of people downwind of thesite. “In the West, we never heard a thing.” It wasonly after the declassification of Soviet archivesthat the incident became known, Reed said.

On the Cuban missile crisis: “We all know itwas dicey,” Reed said. “It was dicier than wedreamed.” Because Cuba was at the end of a longand tenuous command chain, Khrushchev gavethe commanding Soviet general there the latitudeto use his best judgment if his forces were attackedby the Americans. The Soviets, Reed said, had 98nukes on the island. He said he is convinced that ifthe US had started hitting the Soviet emplace-

While he was working in the White Houseduring the Reagan Administration, author andCold Warrior TomReed said during anApril 1 Sandia collo-quium, “It neverreally occurred to methat I was at the cross-roads of history.”

The White Houseassignment soundsglamorous, said Reed,who also once servedas Secretary of the AirForce under PresidentGerald Ford, but thereality was that it very quickly became “justanother day at the office.”

“It felt like working at the insurance company.There were no guys with trumpets at the frontdoor to welcome you in the morning. And whenthe president asked you to write a report aboutsomething, it was just another assignment fromthe boss.”

He certainly didn’t see his experiences as the stufffor a compelling anecdotal history of the Cold War.

That changed, though, when, in the wake of thecollapse of the Soviet Union, a number of “quickiebooks” about the Cold War hit the bookshelves.

“Time after time, when I’d read these booksand come across something I knew somethingabout, I’d say to myself, ‘Wait a minute. That’s nothow this happened. This is a bunch of bunk.’”

Reed, in thinking back over his career, realizedhe had had a front row seat to many of the eventsthat marked the Cold War: In the 1950s, he was anAir Force officer with special weapons responsibili-ties; in the 1960s, he was a weapons designer work-ing directly under Edward Teller at Lawrence Liver-more National Laboratory and then a technicaladvisor to Calif. Gov. Ronald Reagan; in the 1970s,he was President Ford’s Secretary of the Air Force;in the 1980s, he was an advisor to PresidentReagan and head of the high-tech NationalReconnaissance Office.

He had seen a lot and heard even more. Herealized that there must be lots of other folks — onboth sides of the Cold War — who had seen andheard other bits of the story. If he could talk tothem — and the access to Soviet archives andaccessibility of former Soviet Cold Warriors made itpossible to tell both sides of the story — he couldput together a unique book, one that told the storynot from the summit but from the trenches, notfrom the War Room in the Pentagon or the Krem-lin, but from the flight line, the conning tower, theback room. That book became At the Abyss: AnInsider’s Account of the Cold War, published in March.

All of us, Reed said, “have very clear memories of[Cold War] events that never happened, while miss-ing the tectonic plates shifting beneath our feet.”

“Good job!”For example, we all know that Stalin died of a

stroke. Wrong. That’s the official account, but Reedwas able to piece together the real story, one thathad been rumored but never fully documented.Stalin was poisoned — “with rat poison in hiswine, appropriately enough” — by Lavrenti Beria,

ments, the general would have unleashed hisweapons, which had the capability to hit targetsfrom Miami to Washington. “If the Kennedybrothers hadn’t kept their cool and restrained themilitary, the fat would have really been in the fire,”he said.

A key outcome of Cuba was that both combat-ants in the Cold War realized that better protectivecontrols over nuclear weapons needed to bedesigned and implemented. Both sides developedsophisticated PAL (permissive action link) tech-nologies, dramatically reducing the chance of mis-calculation, error, or a rogue element being able tolaunch a nuclear strike.

Unplugging the football“We all know there were heroes in the Cold

War; they include a lot of people in this room [theSchiff Auditorium] and corresponding people inthe Soviet Union.” They were the senior civilianofficials and military officers in the US and theSoviet Union who controlled nuclear weapons.Because people on both sides of the Cold War wererational, cautious, and rightfully terrified of theconsequences of a nuclear exchange, they wereable to see their respective nations through the warwithout the nuclear sword ever being wielded. TheSoviet Gen-eral Staff,Reed said,went so far asto unplug theSoviet equiva-lent of “thefootball,” thebriefcase withthe nucleargo-codes, dur-ing the last-ditch coupattempt at thetwilight of theGorbachevregime. Themilitary, hesaid, didn’twant oppor-tunistic politi-cians to gettheir handson thenuclear button in such unstable circumstances.They trusted the US leadership to use restraint dur-ing the Soviet turmoil. That was the last gasp of theCold War.

One of the key lessons of the Cold War, Reedsaid, is that “technology counts.”

“Turning your back on technology is a veryfoolish thing to do,” he said.

“We live at the edge of the nuclear abyss still,”Reed said. “For the past several years we have beenworking with the states of the former Soviet Uniontrying to help them search down and secure theirweapons grade materials.

“I believe the Soviets were very good at manag-ing and inventorying their actual weapons, butthey produced plutonium like coal and didn’t keepvery good records on it. I just know that there are alot of jihadists with petrodollars out there conduct-ing the same search.”

SANDIA LAB NEWS • April 16, 2004 • Page 7

Author Tom Reed’s ‘insider’s account of Cold War’fascinates receptive Sandia audience

A ‘homecoming’Author Tom Reed, whose book, At the

Abyss: An Insider’s History of the Cold War,offers fresh insights into forgotten,unknown, and mistakenly “remembered”details of the Cold War, called his Sandia col-loquium about his book “a homecoming.”Reed said he first became fascinated withnuclear weapons in all their dimensions —technical, geopolitical, and historical — dur-ing an early Air Force assignment thatbrought him to Kirtland — and Sandia. Thatfascination largely shaped the subsequentparabola of his professional career.

“This isn’t a speech,” he told an audi-ence of some 250 Sandians at the Steve SchiffAuditorium. “This is family. I appreciate youletting me come here and hang out for a fewdays, because I love it dearly.”

THOMAS REED

SECRET POLICE chief Lavrenti Beria, shown here hold-ing Svetlana Stalin in his lap, put rat poison in Stalin’swine. Stalin sits in the background here.

AIDES SHOW Soviet boss Nikita Khrushchev remains ofthe U2 plane piloted by CIA pilot Francis Gary Powersand shot down in Soviet airspace.The Soviets didn’tdisplay the remains of the MiGs they accidentally shotdown during the incident.

PRESIDENT DWIGHT EISENHOWER (center) understoodthe role that technology must play in the Cold War. Heis shown here in a 1950 luncheon meeting (beforebecoming president) with scientist E.O. Lawrence andother technical leaders. Also joining the lunch group isformer president Herbert Hoover, at right.

BORIS YELTSIN makes his famousstand on the tanks surrounding theSoviet White House during the twi-light of the Soviet Union. Little didhe know that the military chiefs hadunplugged the nuclear “football.”

By Bill Murphy

Guylaine Pollock of Advanced Informationand Control Systems Dept. 5517 was one of 11women receiving the YWCA Women on theMove Award April 1. Six others from Sandia werenominated.

Guylaine, who has worked at Sandia for 18years as a computer scientist, was nominated bythe Institute of Elec-trical and ElectronicEngineers (IEEE)Albuquerque Sec-tion. She wasselected from among88 nominees. YWCAofficials stressed theimportance of Guy-laine’s contributionto Sandia, her serviceto the computingprofession, herefforts on behalf of nonprofit New Mexico orga-nizations, and her participation in communityactivities, including her assisting the elderly.

As part of the award Guylaine received aWomen on the Move bronze sculpture createdby artist Betty Sabo. The sculpture has beengiven to the awardees since 2001 to serve as apermanent symbol for Women on the Move.The statue represents all women, in all stages oflife, reaching out to address the concerns oftoday and to touch the faces of tomorrow.

The six other nominees from Sandia andtheir nominators were:

• Christine Coverdale (15344), nominatedby Christopher Deeney (1646)

• Lori Dotson (6874), nominated by HongNian Jow (6874)

• Susan Kitsch (10508), nominated by Bon-nie Apodaca (10500) and Billie Weatherly(10510)

• Kathryn Knowles (6852), nominated byAndrew Orrell (6850)

• Anna Nusbaum (9612), nominated by KarlWiegandt (9610) and Nanette Morton (9600)

• Colleen Wenk (10515), nominated byBonnie Apodaca (10500), Billie Weatherly (10510),and Maryanne Heise (10508).

The YWCA of the Middle Rio Grande estab-lished the Women on the Move Awards programin 1985 to recognize women who have made sig-nificant contributions to their communities,businesses, and organizations. The award honorswomen from all walks of life who have a positiveimpact on others through their leadership andcommunity service. This year marks the 20thanniversary of the Women on the Move pro-gram. Sandia has participated since the incep-tion of the program and over the past 20 yearsthe Labs has honored 246 women with nomina-tions, 33 of who have been recognized by theYWCA as Women on the Move.

To be named a Woman on the Move, thenominees must be exceptional women whomeet three criteria: They 1) demonstrate bothleadership and commitment to healthy balancein their lives; 2) exhibit outstanding professionalachievements and/or volunteer contributions; 3)reflect values of diversity, peace, and social jus-tice promoted by the YWCA.

This year’s event was co-chaired by JackieKerby Moore, Manager of the Sandia Science andTechnology Park and a 2002 Women on theMove recipient, and Judy Zanotti of New MexicoFirst. Jackie also serves as vice president of theYWCA Middle Rio Grande board of directors.Sandians serving on the steering committee wereCarmen Good (14031), Redd Eakin (12660), andMariann Johnston (13021). Lighting for theevening was designed and coordinated byGary Shepherd (9335).

Sandia and Lockheed Martin were amongthe major sponsors of Women on the Move.Sandia was a diamond sponsor this year; how-ever the contribution of Gary, who brought hisexpertise and crew to the event, elevated theLabs and Lockheed Martin to a Platinum sponsor.

SANDIA LAB NEWS • April 16, 2004 • Page 8

You can now check out job openings, bid for them via the Web

Starting April 19 regular employees will be able to bid on jobs, as well as submit a resume, via the new“Find a Job” web site (www-irn.sandia.gov/HR/Staffing/findajob/jobss.htm). This new capability willreplace the Job Vacancy Bid Line. The phone line will no longer be the venue for bidding on jobs. You canbid from any computer that has Internet access. The Job Vacancy Line will still allow employees to listento current job postings, request a fax, and listen to withdrawn vacancies and dispositions of past openings,but will not allow them to bid. The new method is part of the Integrated Enabling Services SMU effort toreduce hassles and make things simpler for employees.

Take Our Daughters to Work Day April 22

The Sandia Women’s Action Network (SWAN) is sponsoring Take Our Daughters to Work Day — forgirls age 9-15 — Thursday, April 22, this year. Refreshments will be served in the Steve Schiff Auditoriumlobby during registration, 6:30-9:30 a.m., and an 8 a.m. opening general session there will be followed bya day of job shadowing. The registration form and participant information are available on the TODTWDwebsite: www-irn.sandia.gov/HR/HomePages/3511/04todtwd.html.

Larry Bacon named Senior Member of IEEE

Larry Bacon (15333) has been elevated to the grade of Senior Member of The Institute of Electrical andElectronics Engineers. Senior Member is the “highest professional grade for which application may bemade and requires experience reflecting professional maturity.” Only 7.3 percent of all IEEE membersachieve this grade.

Princess Jeanne neighborhood remembered

Do you remember Princess Jeanne Park, the shopping center, the schools, swimming pool, or the“gates?” How about people in the neighborhood? Perhaps you met neighborhood developers Dale orJeanne Bellamah and have a story to tell about them? Princess Jeanne Neighborhood Association is col-lecting photos, slides, movies, booklets about the original houses, advertisements, and personal reminis-cences for a 50th anniversary celebration May 15 and 16. The association is also taking contributions for acommemorative cast bronze memorial to be dedicated during the celebration. For more information, con-tact Diane Terry, 293-2099.

Sandian Guylaine Pollock receivesWomen on the Move AwardSix other Sandia women nominated for prestigious honor

GUYLAINE POLLOCK

Lab News ReaderService information

The Sandia Lab News is distributed in-house to all Sandia employees and on-sitecontractors and mailed to all Sandia retirees.It is also mailed to individuals in industry,government, academia, nonprofit organiza-tions, media, and private life who request it.Retirees (only):

To notify of changes in address, contactCarol Wade, Benefits Dept. 3341, at 505-845-9705, e-mail cawade@sandia.gov, orMail Stop 1021, Sandia National Laborator-ties, Albuquerque, NM 87185-1021.Others:

To receive the Lab News or to change theaddress (except retirees), contact MichelleFleming, Media Relations and Communica-tions Dept. 12640, at telephone 505-844-4902, e-mail meflemi@sandia.gov, or MailStop 0165, Sandia National Laboratories,Albuquerque, NM 87185-0165. Employees:

To change the number of copies of theLab News your Mail Stop is receiving pleasecall Honario Anaya, Mail Services Team10268-4, at 844-3796. (At Sandia/Californiacontact the Mail Room at 294-2427.Web Users:

The Lab News is on the Web atwww.sandia.gov/LabNews.

Q: Has Sandia ever considered an X-ray baggagecheck machine? Yesterday, as I was leaving my building,a couple of guards were doing baggage checks. One officergrabbed my purse, pulled out my wallet and commencedto look through it and unzipped and looked through otherparts of my purse. Is this a common practice? He alsounzipped my lunch bag as well. I find this very invasiveand not very professional. With all our high-tech equip-ment, one would think of a more modern way of check-ing bags that is not so invasive. Please advise.

A: Yes. Sandia has considered the use of X-raymachines as used in our airports. In fact, suchmachines are used at the entry point to Area 5,where we are required to search all bags becauseArea 5 is a Protected Area. As you point out, thistype of search process is modern and much lessinvasive than a manual search. Unfortunately, thecost of the equipment and the multitude of entrypoints to our tech areas make the cost of imple-mentation prohibitive. So, unless the threat condi-tions increase to where we are required to alwayssearch all packages entering a tech area and wecan greatly reduce the number of gates (with theresulting inconvenience), we will be unable toimplement your suggestion. We recognize thatinspection of packages and personal items can beoffensive and we ask for your patience as we per-form our duties to protect Sandians and thenation’s valued assets. — Ron Detry (4000)

* * *Q: I just read a Feedback Q & A about the traffic

lights at NCO bypass and 12th Street that are scheduledto be replaced in 2004. Will this include pedestrian traf-fic light controls and additional crosswalk stripping?This area is really fun to get across in heavy traffic.

A: Thanks for the inquiry; there are no currentplans for pedestrian controls or additional cross-walks at the intersection of NCO Bypass and 12thStreet. Pedestrian controls would require a signifi-cant investment by the USAF for new poles, addi-tional signals, and supporting infrastructure. The cri-teria for the placement of crosswalks are presentedin the Manual of Uniform Traffic Control Devices.The current crosswalks meet these criteria; any addi-tional crosswalks would not meet these criteria forproviding safe crossings. — Ed Williams (10864)

Any thought about securitygate X-ray machines? Also,some streets are too ‘fun’for pedestrian crossings

SANDIA LAB NEWS • April 16, 2004 • Page 9

This page is a reproduction of the second in a series of new posters highlighting Sandia’s decade-by-decade history since its origins in the mid-1940s. The posters are mounted on heavy glass forpermanent display in the hallway outside the Labs’ executive suite in Bldg. 802.

Jeff Philbin33 12333

Gary Phipps33 5713

Frank Bacon36 2560

Tim Taylor36 5716

April 15, 1994Marlin Kipp30 9232

Dave Campbell25 1736

Doug Schuler36 2952

Willard Hareland20 2954

Leonard Lorence20 15341

Bobby Rush 20 2342

Rick Contreras15 5925

SANDIA LAB NEWS • April 16, 2004 • Page 10

New Mexico photos by Michelle FlemingCalifornia photos by Bud Pellitier

Keith Meredith25 14402

David Bailey20 10821

Jodi Case20 3521

Patrick Gronewald20 6211

Sue Goudy15 9224

Roy Jorgenson15 1642

Bob McInteer15 12610

Don Schueler40 7040

Monte Miller15 4213

Tom Zifer15 8762

Frank Lasky30 2523

Robert Miera30 2995

David Faucett20 2665

Walter Gill20 9132

James Turner20 2115

Charles Valerio20 10844

Manager promotionsNew Mexico

Daniel Carroll, from PMTS, Mission Analysis &Simulation Dept. 5526, to Manager, NNSA NDSSatellite Payloads Dept. 5733.

Dan joined Sandia inApril 1985. He worked inReactor Safety for fouryears. He joined theNuclear Explosion Detec-tion System (NDS) pro-ject in 1989 and stayedfor seven years.

Dan became a man-ager in 1992, but decidedhe wanted to return totechnical work, so hestepped down from man-agement and worked in

Center 9200 for nine years developing ASCI codewith the ALEGRA team. He recently returned tothe NDS area.

After grad school, Dan worked three years withEG&G at Los Alamos National Laboratory onweapon diagnostics analysis at Nevada Test Site.He later joined LANL to work on nuclear weapondesign codes and stayed there seven years untilcoming to Sandia.

Dan has a BS in physics from the University ofSanta Clara and a PhD in physics from the Univer-sity of Wyoming.

* * *Roger Hartman, from PMTS to Manager, Sec-

ond Line of Defense Dept. 6956.Roger joined Sandia in September 1990 after

retiring from the Air Force. Since joining the Labs,he has worked in the Military Liaison Department,

where he was a field engineer; ES&H ProgramOffice; and the Airworthiness Assurance Depart-ment, where he was project leader for Federal Avia-

tion Administration sup-port for new air carrieroversight system andmatrixed to Center 5900to work in the AdvancedAtmospheric RadiationEquipment program.

He has a BS in aero-nautical engineeringfrom the US Air ForceAcademy, an MS in aero-nautical engineeringfrom the Air Force Insti-tute of Technology, an

MBA from New Mexico Highlands University, andis a registered professional engineer.

DANIEL CARROLL

ROGER HARTMAN

Richard Aulta Poe (age 90) ..........................Feb. 10Laudente H. Montoya (81)..........................Feb. 13Gardner B. Green (79) .................................Feb. 14Evelyn J. Hughey (83)..................................Feb. 18Lewis K. Jones (82).......................................Feb. 19Edwin L. Jenkins (85) ..................................Feb. 19James Karo (86)............................................Feb. 21John A. Smith (72).......................................Feb. 22Robert M. Halsey (83)..................................Feb. 26Edward G. Paboucek (71) ..........................March 1Elmer R. Pitts (76) ......................................March 3Jesus J. Sanchez (64)...................................March 5Lloyd Earl Lincoln (97)..............................March 5Leo Henry Bressan (82)..............................March 7Noel O. Kent (81).......................................March 8Domingo B. Martinez (87) ........................March 9

Retiree deaths

SANDIA LAB NEWS • April 16, 2004 • Page 12

Sandia retiree Pat Long finds joy in small accomplishmentsafter spinal cord injury in car accident

In his excitement to go on vacation the daybefore Christmas break, 2002, Pat Long (10255)thought he might have left his Kerberos passwordon top of his desk. He got back into his truck andreturned to Sandia. His rented motor homeawaited his return, but Pat did not make it back.

After discovering his Kerberos was indeedsecure, he headed back home. Attempting to geton the I-40 westbound, he was hit by a DodgeViper which caused him to roll over the embank-ment and onto I-40. No longer visible through thedust generated by the rollover, Pat was hit byanother vehicle heading westbound. As the EMTsworked to get Pat out of his seatbelt in his over-turned vehicle, he said to them, “Be careful, Ithink my neck is broken.” Pat indeed had a bro-ken neck. He would be in a wheelchair.

During surgery he had a plate inserted to sta-bilize his neck andprevent further injuryto his spinal cord.After a week in thehospital and whilebeing transferred to arehabilitation hospi-tal his collar bonewas broken. He wenthome after sevenweeks and on a rou-tine doctor’s visit itwas discovered thatthe plate had movedand was in danger ofsevering his spinalcord. He had a sec-ond surgery. This time the plate was reposi-tioned and a titanium cage inserted to provideadditional stabilization. During his recoveryfrom the second operation, he got an infectionthat resulted in a third surgery to removeinfected tissue and another six-week hospitalstay. Pat finally made it home for good the endof May.

The two weeks his wife, Mona, hadplanned on being on vacation instead becametwo weeks of attending various training sessionsand meetings with health care professionals tolearn to care for her husband.

“Pat goes to therapy and he is gettingstronger every day,” says Mona. When he first

got out of the hospital he could not do anythingfor himself. Now he is feeding himself, operatinghis power chair, shaving, and doing other tasksto become independent. Pat has a full-timenurse who cares for him while Mona works. Thenurse is primarily Spanish-speaking. Pat is teach-ing her English and she is teaching him Spanish.

Pat was at Sandia 17 years, first as a custo-dian and then in the motor pool. Many peopleat Sandia know him not as Pat but as the “TireGuy” because he spent a big part of his daysresponding to trouble calls, such as fixing flattires on Sandia vehicles. “The best part of my job

was people interaction,” says Pat. “That I miss.” His friend Roy Flanders (10848) says Pat is

very low keyed and subdued. He just goes abouthis work. “One time we were on the same bowl-ing team,” says Roy. “He surprised me because asquiet as he was, he would roll that ball down thelane so hard it would scare me that he would

break the pins. He meant business. He was mostimproved bowler one year.”

Roy visited Pat every day when he was inthe hospital and still visits him several times aweek. “It is not a big deal,” says Roy. “It is onthe way to my house. Besides it is so amazing tosee Pat and his wife, they are not negative or bit-ter.”

Members of the Metal Trades Council havebeen very supportive and generous with theirtime and talents. They have donated money,done yard work, installed driveway lights, repairedthe patio, painted, and worked on general repairs

in the family home.Dave Martinez andAndrew Silva (10845)installed the plumbingin the newly remod-eled wheelchair-acces-sible bathroom. Daveand an MTC crew arescheduled to install anew cooler for thesummer. RichardParker (10843) put aroof on Pat’s treasureddove cage.

“Sandians arewonderful,” saysMona, “and it seemslike they help becausethey want to, notbecause they have to.”

Pat, 53, hasrecently retired and isgrateful to Sandia andSandians. “The benefitswere needed andappreciated,” saysMona. “We hadenough things toworry about. “It wasgreat not having toworry about that.”

“Thank you,” saysMona. “The words seem small when I know thatthe appreciation Pat and I feel is so muchgreater. It was wonderful, as the help was givenfreely. We did not realize how much peoplecould care. This is definitely a life change for us.Every day we learn something together and findjoy in small accomplishments.”

DR. EINSTEIN was one of 567 volunteers speaking to New Mexico 8th and 9th graders at the 5th annual School toWorld event on March 13. More than 2,200 students from 94 New Mexico schools attended the event and had theopportunity to talk one-on-one with professionals representing more than 150 different careers. (Photo by Bill Doty)

Sandia teams with local businesses forannual School to World event

By Iris Aboytes

PAT LONG with his wife Mona celebrating his recent retirement. (Photo by Michelle Fleming)

“Sandians arewonderful,”says Mona,“and it seemslike they helpbecause theywant to, notbecause theyhave to.”