MAGNETIC FIELD MODIFYING ASSEMBLY AND INTEGRAL PULSE, FREQUENCY

AND AMPLITUDE MODULATOR FOR IMPROVED C.O.P OF PHOTOVOLTAIC CELLS BY METHOD OF ELECTRON BOND

VECTORS REGULATION BY ELECTRO POLARISATION OF N TYPE- P TYPE DOPED SILICON SEMICONDUCTORS.

It is the purpose of this invention to increase the efficiency of solar-electro conversion of a proprietary photo voltaic cell by moderating the electron band gaps of low grade negatively doped (n-type) and positively doped (p-type) silicon material from which photo voltaic cells are made by method of an inductive resonant transformer series connected to the output of a low grade photo voltaic cell and thereto increase power output for a given area or alternatively reduce the collection area of a low grade photo voltaic cell for obtaining a comparable power output equivalent to a larger photo voltaic cell constructed from the same semi conductor materials.

Experiments utilising the Starflux magneto-electric resonant transformer connected to a proprietary photovoltaic module have shown substantial increase of coefficient of out put performance. Power of the photo voltaic cell was measured at the output terminals. This was compared with the power output of an identical photo voltaic cell charging an identical lead acid battery at the same time and proximity of a given incident of solar radiation. Measurements were made at arbitrary times of the day whereby to acquire simultaneous resultants for differing angles and magnitudes of incident sol radiation using analog meters and high-resolution data acquisition of voltage and amperes by digital oscilloscope and digital meters.

The Starflux magneto- electric resonant transformer is an inductive resonant transformer which provides for amplification of power output of a standard photo voltaic cell and the transference of superheterodyned frequency modulated, pulse width modulated and amplitude modulated electrical charge to a variety of electrochemical cells or battery array for battery re-charging and electrolyte conditioning.

The data collected from experimentation has demonstrated an increase of energy available at the output of a STA020-12 Photo voltaic module in comparison to an identical module not having the Fluxstar Modulator connected to the STA020-12 Photo voltaic module energising an identical battery.

The STA020-12 Photo voltaic modules are composed of 36 multi-crystalline silicon solar cells interconnected in series to obtain a 12 volt output x 20 watts and both comparative PV modules have a proprietary electro-solar conversion efficiency of 11.3 percent.

The Starflux magneto- electric resonant transformer is series connected between the negative output of the PV cell and the negative input of an electro-chemical cell. The identical resistive loads applied in the comparative experiments of Test 1 (refer to Table 1 ) are depleted 6.4-volt thixotropic gel lead acid battery Model No Shunhong 3FM4 4.5 amp hour.

The peculiar electrical wave and pulse forms generated by the magneto- electric resonant transformer reduces ohmic losses so that more energy goes into the reversible electrochemical conversion of a battery by reducing the energy losses irreversibly lost as heat due to internal resistance when transferring a DC charge into primary and secondary electro-chemical cells.

Pending the chemistry of the electrolyte, the modulated packets of energy transferred from the photo voltaic cell via the modulator, reduces electrode plating of lead sulphate precipitates, chloride precipitates or hydroxides which are an electrical insulator with low solubility.

The reduction of precipitates are effected by molecular agitation of local electrolyte concentrations and control of the deposition of non-conductive by-products at the electrodes interface, whereby to agitate and disseminate localised ion depletion which produce the polarization over voltage barrier to conduction.

Energy transference to the battery via the modulator simultaneously produces a phased conjugate counter electro magnetic force which acts upon the electron band gaps of the negatively doped (n-type) and positively doped (p-type) semiconductor material from which the photo voltaic cell is made and provides for electro polarisation and entrainment of the outer shell electrons spin and oscillation within the atomic lattice and interfacing junction comprising the doped silicon substrates. Thereto such entrainment of electron orbits permit the tailoring of the physical parameters and vectors to optimise a particular reaction pathway for charge carriers, phonons and photons and thereby enhance the efficiency of the energy collector by tuning the electrons bandwidths to enable greater capture of photon energy from the spectrum of infrared to the ultraviolet spectrum of sunlight for conversion into electrical current. The typical limitation for commercial solar cell efficiencies is the band gap of the semiconductor material which comprise the photovoltaic cell such as negatively doped (n-type) silicon material having surplus electrons in its otherwise empty conduction band and positively doped (p-type) silicon material having surplus holes in the band otherwise filled with valence electrons, both materials interface at a junction. Incoming photons having appropriate energy and wavelength kinetically impact and loosen electrons and leave holes, both migrate in the junction's electric field to form a current. Red light photons possessing less energy than the doped silicon materials band gap traverse right through the atomic lattice whereby red light photons are not absorbed by semiconductors having high-band-gaps. While photons such as Blue light photons having energy higher than the band gap are absorbed, however in a low-band gap semiconductor, the blue light photons excess energy is wasted as heat.

The aforesaid hypothesis is a probable explanation of the increased efficiency obtained of the Suntech STA020-12V photo voltaic module having adapted a magneto-electric resonant transformer, by the proof’s of an increase of mass electron voltage generated and decrease of surface temperatures developed by the photo voltaic cell subjected to the phased conjugate counter electro motive force which modifies the atomic bonds of the semi conductor materials from which the photo voltaic cell is constructed, both STA020-12 PV cells in the experiments were subjected to the same magnitude of photon radiation at the same given time of comparative testing.

Photo Voltaic Battery Re-Charge Test 1.

Measurements thereof to substantiate the aforesaid hypothesis are inclusive of.

Measurement of energy transference from the STA020-12 Photovoltaic modules to a prescribed identical electro-chemical ohmic load and comparative power developed at the terminals by the PV modules for a given radiations intensity.

Measurement of comparative power outputs and capacity of re-charged electro-chemical cells by energising incandescent light sources.

Measurement of respective charge time.

Table 1 shows comparative data’s obtained at arbitrary Sol radiation angles and intensity relevant charge transference from one STA020-12 Photo voltaic module re charging a depleted 6.4 volt thixotropic gel lead acid battery Model No Shunhong 3FM4 4.5 amp hour comparative to charge transference from one STA020-12 Photo voltaic module having adapted thereto, an FS63 magnetic cored resonant transformer connected to the output of the control Photo Voltaic bank.

PV CHARGE SYSTEM

ChargeMode 

VoltR.M.S

Amp Watt PV cell powerincrease

%

Solar conversionEfficiency of PV

Cell %

Standard PVDirect

Current 7.83  1.175  9.2   11. 3 

FS 63Modulated DC Current 13.6  .967  13.52 31.9 14. 90

           

Standard PVDirect

Current 6.19 1.31 8.1   11.3 

FS 63 Modulated DC Current 13.3 1.09 14.5 44.1 16. 28

           

Standard PVDirect

Current 6.89 1.39 10.51   11. 3 

 FS 63Modulated DC Current 14.9 1.07 15.94 34.1 15.142

TABLE 1

Photo Voltaic Battery Re-Charge Test 9. The respective modes of Photo- Electric conversion systems have been further tested for comparing the power output and rate of charge of low efficient photovoltaic panels used for re-charging of large capacity SLI batteries. Typically, these batteries are used for short, quick-burst, high-current applications. An example is an automotive battery, which is expected to provide high current, occasionally, to the engine's starter. The scope of experiments entail the establishment of power outputs of the said modes of Photo Voltaic power systems by measuring the Amp-Hours and Voltage of a given test battery subjected to an energy input derived from a bank of standard photo voltaic panels which are energised by a constant high powered incandescent light source and thereto comparing the same standard photovoltaic system to that of the same bank of standard photo voltaic panels, energised by the same constant high powered incandescent light source having adapted thereto, a magnetic cored resonant transformer connected to the output of the control Photo Voltaic bank and alternatively connected to the same given control battery which is subjected to separate cyclic charge and discharge tests using both systems .

The respective control battery, model SNS40ZLS 12 Volt Wet Cell (SLI) type battery, is subjected to discharge/recharge tests by both comparable Photo Voltaic charging systems, whereto the given control battery was manufactured and supplied by proprietor Yasua Century Pty Ltd and purchased as new.

The control bank of Photo Voltaic cells, is connected to the battery in parallel relationship, whereby the negative terminal of the Photo Voltaic cell bank is line connected to that of the negative terminal of the SNS40ZLS lead acid battery, and thereto also, the positive terminal of the Photo Voltaic cell bank is line connected via digital and analog Ampere meters, directly to the positive terminal of the SNS40ZLS lead acid battery.

The experimental Photo Voltaic system which has adapted to the same control bank of Photo Voltaic cells, a DC power modifying device, increases the output voltage of the standard photo voltaic array without any noteworthy corresponding reduction of amperes, thereby the permanent magnetic cored resonant transformer provided for in this Test 9, 15.5% greater coulombs of electron energy transference to the electro-chemical storage system, with no apparent energy losses as is typical of inductive energy transformations when stepping up DC voltage output utilising prior art transformers, comparitive to a given identical quanta of amperes and identical time of energy transference, transferred to the same respective control battery by the standard photo voltaic array used as the control for comparisons .

The FS100 DC power modifying device is defined as a magneto- electric resonant transformer and is connected in series between the negative terminal of the control Photo Voltaic cell bank and that of the negative terminal of the control SNS40ZLS lead acid battery, and thereto the positive terminal of the Photo Voltaic cell bank is line connected via the same control Digital and Analog Ampere meters directly to the positive terminal of the same SNS40ZLS lead acid battery and Voltages at all instances are measured by a high resolution digital oscilloscope and measured also by analog and digital Volt meters for cross reference.

The Photo Voltaic panels array utilised as the control for the source charge, relevant for energy inputs into the discharged SNS40ZLS lead acid battery, comprise of two Suntech STA020-20 watt multi crystalline silicon panels, each rated having an operating voltage 17.65V x 1.17A of which the two Suntech STA020 panels are series connected to yield at maximal Sol radiation, 40 Watts of power rated at 35.3V x 1.17 A.

Two identical 500W incandescent quartz halogen light sources are used to energise each of the two Pure- Solarstar silicon panels comprising the series connected photovoltaic array whereto ensure a constant magnitude of photon emission for steady state power conversion, the incandescent light emitting sources are fixed and calibrated at a set distance from the photovoltaic array to yield a maximal of energy output derived of the control photovoltaic circuit, by obtaining a maximum open circuit voltage of 39.8 Volts.

The control SNS40ZL lead acid SLI battery is discharged throughout all the experiments via a resistive load, defined as a 12 Volt 50 watt Quartz halogen globe and thereto prior to each discharge cycle, the resistance value of the filament terminals of the halogen globe is measured by Ohm meter to ensure an identical resistance load is applied at all times of battery discharges shortly thereafter re-charge.

During the course of charging and discharging of the control battery, measurements are taken at regular intervals whereby to ascertain the coefficient of output performance of photo-electric energy conversion of the respective photovoltaic systems and thereto the energy and capacity of the given battery subjected to charge by the respective comparable photovoltaic charging systems whereto differentiate the mean values of energy gain of the control battery subjected to the experimental photovoltaic battery charging system having adapted the FS100 magneto- electric resonant transformer to that of the mean energy values absorbed by the same control battery subjected to the standard photovoltaic battery charging system.

Prior to the first re-charge of the said proprietary charged control battery, the new 12V SNS40ZL (SLI) automotive battery is discharged to a cut off final voltage of .325 volts via discharge into the prescribed resistive load defined as a 12 Volt 50 watt Quartz halogen globe attached to the control batteries terminals via ampere meters whereto at regular increments of time, measurements were taken and collated for establishing the mean values of Volts and Amperes expended over time and thereby resolve the exact Amp hour rating of the said battery and quantify also, the Joules expended from the battery into the control load.

After establishment of the Ampere Hour rating of the new battery thereafter first recharge,all ensuing recharges are moderated to ensure the control battery never reaches maximum capacity or charge saturation, by limiting the time of the known amperes injected into the battery whereby to differentiate the charge outputs of the battery between the two respective photo voltaic charging systems which are monitored to transfer a set quanta of amperes into the battery, whereto analyse the anomalous effects of the modulated higher voltages generated by the photo-voltaic array having adapted the magneto-electric resonant transformer. .

The resultant power specification of the 12V SNS40ZL control battery was resolved by a first discharge into the control resistive load as defined herein and measured as below (refer to table 2)

Maximum open circuit battery voltage prior to discharge = 12.50 V

Mean Volt.

MeanAmp

Mean J-sec.

Discharge seconds.

Total Joules Expended.

11.60 2.057 23.86 42900 1023896.23

Cut Off Voltage at 42900 second = 0.35 Volts.Resultant Amp Hour rating = 24.51AH

At 12 hours of electrolyte relaxation after the first discharge, the standard bank of Photo Voltaic cells, is connected to the discharged control battery in parallel relationship whereto supply energy to the said battery at a rate measured herein below. - (refer also to table 2) Mean Volt.

Mean Amp.

Mean J-sec.

Recharge seconds.

Total Joules Input.

13.302 0.5012 6.668 162000 1080238

Maximum open circuit battery voltage prior to re-charge = 5.50 VTotal Photovoltaic Ampere Hour Input = 22.55 AH

The resultant power specification after first recharge of the 12V SNS40ZL control battery by the standard photovoltaic array, was resolved after a discharge into the control resistive load as defined herein and the energy expended was measured as below- (refer also to table 1)

Mean Volt.

Mean Amp.

Mean J-sec.

Discharge seconds.

Total Joules Expended.

12.29 1.89 23.25 32700 760486

Maximum open circuit battery voltage after first recharge = 13.1 VCut Off Voltage at 32700 second = 0.35 Volts.Total Battery Ampere Hour rating = 17.16 AH

12 hours thereafter electrolyte relaxation after the second

energy discharge of the 12V SNS40ZL battery into the

control resistive load, of which the said battery was prior recharged by the standard

photovoltaic array, the magneto- electric resonant transformer is connected in series between the negative

terminal of the control Photo Voltaic cell bank and that of the negative terminal of the control SNS40ZLS lead acid battery,

and thereto the positive terminal of the Photo Voltaic cell bank is

line connected via the same control Digital and Analog

Ampere meters directly to the positive terminal of the same SNS40ZLS lead acid battery whereto supply energy to the

said battery at a rate measured herein below. - (refer also to

table 3) Mean Volt. Mean Amp.Mean

J-sec.Recharge seconds. Total Joules

CONTROL PHOTO-VOLTAIC RECHARGE OF SNS40ZL BATTERY

DISCHARGE OF SNS40ZL CONTROL

BATTERY

Output V Output A Output J Sec J xSec

12.5 3.95 49.375 180 28413.75 12.5 3.76 47 1020 37881 12.4 3.74 46.37 600 48313.5 12.3 3.73 45.87 1500 54769.5 12.2 3.71 45.26 900 33759 12.1 3.69 44.64 600 106884 12.1 3.68 44.52 4200 143736 11.6 3.61 41.87 2400 111114 11.4 3.56 40.58 3000 118290 11 3.48 38.28 3000 59119.26 5.08 2.23 11.3284 300 2929.08 4.12 1.99 8.1988 300 4072.425 3.49 1.81 6.3169 900 3601.68 2.3 1.45 5.0605 300 1525.155 1.92 1.33 2.5536 600 1315.86 1.54 1.19 1.8326 600 870.96 1.06 1.01 1.0706 600 686.0445 0.891 0.91 0.81081 900 532.5345 0.69 0.81 0.5589 600 373.2075 0.609 0.75 0.45675 900 429.9375 0.55 0.68 0.374 1200 303.96 0.442 0.6 0.2652 600 190.1115 0.431 0.57 0.24567 900 142.0635 0.404 0.52 0.21008 300 760485.9 0.38 0.51 0.1938 600 106.503 0.329 0.49 0.16121 600 68.925 0.298 0.46 0.13708 300 336.306 0.286 0.46 0.13156 4800 631.48 0.268 0.36 0.09648 0

Mean V Mean A Mean J-sec Total Sec Total J 12.29478 1.89 23.23714 32700 760486

Input V Input A Input J JxSec

9.89 0.49 4.8461 2907.66 12.8 0.5 6.4 3840 12.5 0.5 6.25 5625 12.6 0.49 6.174 1852.2 12.6 0.5 6.3 1890 12.5 0.49 6.125 3675 12.5 0.5 6.25 7500 12.6 0.5 6.3 5670 12.6 0.5 6.3 11340 12.6 0.49 6.174 18522 12.6 0.5 6.3 15120 12.6 0.495 6.175 7410 12.6 0.45 5.67 15309 12.7 0.5 6.35 26670 12.7 0.5 6.35 20955 12.7 0.5 6.35 3810 12.7 0.51 6.477 68008.5 12.8 0.51 6.528 240883.2 13.1 0.5 6.55 23580 13.3 0.5 6.65 35910 13.3 0.5 6.65 23760 13.3 0.5 6.65 23760 13.3 0.5 6.65 11970 13.3 0.51 6.783 30523.5 13.4 0.5 6.7 16080 13.4 0.5 6.7 32160 13.4 0.5 6.7 20100 14.5 0.5 7.25 10875 13.9 0.51 7.089 21267

14 0.53 7.42 24486 13.4 0.52 6.968 43898.4 13.5 0.52 7.02 12636 13.6 0.51 6.936 274665.6 14.5 0.52 7.54 13572 14.5 0.5 7.25 7.25

MeanV Mean A Mean J-sec Total J

13.302 0.501286 6.668138 1080238

Table 2 shows data’s have photovoltaic output power obtained from a prescribed angle and intensity of incident incandescent radiation relevant to supplying a transference of charge from the STA020-12 voltPhoto voltaic modules and thereto also depicted of Table 2, data’s relevant the power output of an SLZ40ZL lead acid battery discharged into a prescribed control load.

DISCHARGE OF SNS40ZL CONTROL BATTERY

Input.15.090.5237.8991584001251320

Maximum open circuit battery voltage prior to re-charge = 4.53 V Total Photovoltaic Ampere Hour Input = 23.02 AH

The resultant power specification of the battery thereafter the second recharge of the 12V SNS40ZL control battery by the photovoltaic array having adapted the FS100 magneto-electric resonant transformer, was resolved after a discharge into the control resistive load and the energy that was expended from the battery was measured as below- (refer also to table 3)

Mean Volt.

Mean Amp.

Mean J-sec.

Discharge seconds.

Total Joules Expended.

8.14 2.586 21.058 33000 694938.8

Maximum open circuit battery voltage after FS100 recharge = 12.9 VCut Off Voltage at 33000 second = 0.35 Volts.Total Battery Ampere Hour rating = 23.70 AH

Table 3 shows comparative data’s of photovoltaic output power obtained from a set prescribed angle and intensity of incident incandescent radiation relevant to supplying a transference of charge from the STA020-12 volt Photo voltaic modules having adapted thereto, an FS100 magnetic cored resonant transformer connected to the output of the control Photo Voltaic bank and thereto also depicted of Table 3, data’s relevant power output of an SLZ40ZL lead acid battery discharged into a prescribed control load.

RECEPTOR BATTERY SYSTEM GAIN = 27.5% GREATER AMPERE HOURS

The photo-voltaic array which has adapted thereto, the FS100 magneto-electric resonant transformer, gives rise to a pulse width, frequency and an amplitude modulated voltage output with a corresponding modulated and phased CEMF having

CONCLUSION OF TEST 9

Input V Input A Input J Sec JxSec 3.29 0.57 1.8753 300 562.59 5 0.57 2.85 3300 9405 15.2 0.54 8.208 5400 44323.2 15.1 0.56 8.456 10200 86251.2 15.1 0.55 8.305 1500 12457.5 15 0.56 8.4 3600 30240 15.2 0.55 8.36 2100 17556 15.1 0.52 7.852 3600 28267.2 15 0.54 8.1 3000 24300 15.2 0.54 8.208 3600 29548.8 15.2 0.54 8.208 1200 9849.6 15.1 0.52 7.852 5700 44756.4 15.1 0.52 7.852 35100 275605.2 15.5 0.53 8.215 5100 41896.5 15.53 0.54 8.3862 600 5031.72 15.6 0.53 8.268 1200 9921.6 15.5 0.52 8.06 1800 14508 15.4 0.52 8.008 2400 19219.2 15.5 0.52 8.06 1200 9672 15.5 0.53 8.215 1800 14787 15.4 0.51 7.854 900 7068.6 15.5 0.52 8.06 1800 14508 15.4 0.52 8.008 900 7207.2 15.4 0.51 7.854 2700 21205.8 15.4 0.5 7.7 2700 20790 15.5 0.5 7.75 2700 20925 15.4 0.48 7.392 1800 13305.6 14.7 0.31 4.55 900 4095 15.8 0.53 8.374 1800 15073.2 15.7 0.52 8.164 600 4898.4 15.7 0.53 8.321 1800 14977.8 15.6 0.53 8.268 3000 24804 15.8 0.54 8.532 1500 12798 15.7 0.53 8.321 2700 22466.7 15.8 0.53 8.374 3300 27634.2 15.7 0.53 8.321 6000 49926 15.7 0.52 8.164 6300 51433.2 15.9 0.52 8.268 1800 14882.4 15.9 0.51 8.109 21600 175154.4 16.5 0.52 8.58 8.58

Mean V Mean A J-sec Total J15.09747 0.52325 7.899752 157500 1251321

TABLE 3

FS100 PHOTO-VOLTAIC RECHARGE OF SNS40ZL BATTERY

DISCHARGE OF SNS40ZL BATTERYPRIOR CHARGED BY THE FS 100

PHOTOVOLTAIC SYSTEM.

Output V Output A Output J Sec JxSec Jx sec

12.2 5 61 300 23314.2 12.2 3.87 47.214 600 42187.8 12.1 3.86 46.706 1200 41811.6 12 3.83 45.96 600 34244.1 11.9 3.82 45.458 900 33908.1 11.8 3.8 44.84 600 26829.45 11.7 3.79 44.343 600 26570.7 11.7 3.78 44.226 600 32947.2 11.6 3.77 43.732 900 32616.9 11.5 3.75 43.125 600 35987.85 11.5 3.74 43.01 1500 44868.3 11.3 3.72 42.036 600 50392.35 11.3 3.71 41.923 1800 50095.5 11.2 3.68 41.216 600 24585.9 11.1 3.67 40.737 600 72611.1 11 3.66 40.26 3000 77488.2 8.8 3.22 28.336 1200 23578.8 5.8 2.52 14.616 900 8522.01 3.43 1.89 6.4827 600 3379.62 2.83 1.69 4.7827 600 2925.885 1.96 1.41 2.7636 1500 2545.2

1 1.05 1.05 900 964.0080.666 0.82 0.54612 1800 701.820.508 0.69 0.35052 1200 287.172

0.42 0.61 0.2562 600 306.4530.377 0.58 0.21866 2100 342.6330.314 0.48 0.15072 1500 172.6380.301 0.44 0.13244 900 267.7140.282 0.41 0.11562 42000.191 0.32 0.06112 0

Mean V Mean A Mean J-sec Total sec Total J

8.11 2.586 20.97278 33000 694453.2

contra directional phased signal harmonics which issue structure of a return electro-magnetic pulse train back to the Photo Voltaic system which raises the output voltage of the said experimental photo voltaic array, by no less than 12% higher of potential difference than the voltage output of the control Photovoltaic array and typically no greater than a 1% reduction of Amperes output comparative to the control Photovoltaic array having been subjected to an identical quanta of incident photon concentrations.

The resonant output signal generated by the FS100 assembly provides for greater efficiency of photon electric conversion by apparent modification of the electron shells behavior comprising the atomic lattices of the positive and negative doped semi conductor matter, whereto such modification enables greater sensitivity of the doped semi-conductor crystalline materials to a wider wavelength and frequency spectrum of incident electro-magnetic radiations.

Greater energy outputs are generated by the FS100 photo voltaic system comparative to the standard photo voltaic system, this is confirmed of the measured output characteristics of the control battery receiving such modulated DC charge, of which the higher potential modulated input charge energising the charge receptor battery had modified the electrolytic ion reactions of the said battery, whereto provide for 27.5% greater duration of output amperes and 19.0% greater peak power derived from the battery transferring energy into the control incandescent resistive load whereto the incandescent load remained luminescent for 20% longer duration, as opposed to the photon and infra-red emission radiated thereof from the control incandescent load, powered by the standard control charged battery, of which the standard charged battery had dispensed energy at a greater mean voltage and lower ampere input into the resistive load during discharge.

Whereas the battery subjected to charge transference from the experimental photo voltaic system had dispensed energy for the same discharge time at a 31.8 % lower mean voltage due to the battery having a greater peak power and dumping 19% greater power and 26.9% higher ampere input into the control load during the first 180 seconds into the resistive load during discharge, thereby providing for greater Hot Crank Amperes done by the electrolytic modified battery charged via the magneto-electric resonant transformer , due to the apparent reduction of the batteries internal resistance during discharge and allowing for greater mean free path of ion transfer and greater quanta of ion’s exchange between the respective Anodes and Cathodes.

When the anode is fully oxidized and or the cathode is fully reduced, the chemical reaction will stop and the battery is considered to be discharged. Recharging the battery is usually a matter of externally applying a voltage across the plates to reverse the chemical process.

Photo Voltaic Battery Recharge Test 10. The scope of this experiments entails the establishment of power outputs of the said modes of Photo Voltaic power system, by measuring the Amp-Hours and Voltage of a given test battery subjected to a larger energy input derived from a larger bank of standard photo voltaic panelscomparative to the smaller bank used in Test 9 of which are energised by the same constant

powered incandescent light source as used in Test 9 and thereto comparing the standard photovoltaic system to that of the same bank of standard photo voltaic panels energised by the same constant high powered incandescent light source having adapted thereto, a magnetic cored resonant transformer connected to the output of the control Photo Voltaic bank and alternatively connected to the same given control battery which is subjected to separate cyclic charge and discharge tests using both systems .

The respective control battery is another new, model SNS40ZLS 12 Volt Wet Cell (SLI) type battery and was not used in experiment Test 9, the new battery is subjected to the same discharge/recharge tests as in Test 9 by both comparable Photo Voltaic charging systems, whereto the given controlbattery was manufactured and supplied by proprietor Yasua Century Pty Ltd and purchased as new.

The control bank of Photo Voltaic cells, is connected to the battery in parallel relationship, whereby the negative terminal of the Photo Voltaic cell bank is line connected to that of the negative terminal of the SNS40ZLS lead acid battery, and thereto also, the positive terminal of the Photo Voltaic cell bank is line connected via digital and analog Ampere meters, directly to the positive terminal of the SNS40ZLS lead acid battery.

The FS100 magneto- electric resonant transformer is connected in series between the negative terminal of the control Photo Voltaic cell bank and that of the negative terminal of the control SNS40ZLS lead acid battery, and thereto the positive terminal of the Photo Voltaic cell bank is line connected via the same control Digital and Analog Ampere meters directly to the positive terminal of the same SNS40ZLS lead acid battery and Voltages at all instances are measured by a high resolution digital oscilloscope and measured also by analog and digital Volt meters for cross reference.

The Photo Voltaic panels array utilised as the control for the source charge, relevant for energy inputs into the discharged SNS40ZLS lead acid battery, comprise of four Pure-Solarstar 20 watt multi crystalline silicon panels, each rated having an operating voltage 17.65V x 1.17A of which two sets of two Pure-Solarstar panels are series and parallel connected to yield at maximal Sol radiation, 82.6 Watts of power rated at 35.3V x 2.34A.

Four identical 500W incandescent quartz halogen light sources are used to energise each of the four Pure- Solarstar silicon panels comprising the series connected photovoltaic array whereto ensure a constant magnitude of photon emission for steady state power conversion, the incandescent light emitting sources are fixed and calibrated at a set distance from the photovoltaic array to yield a maximal of energy output derived of the control photovoltaic array circuit by the obtainment of a maximum open circuit voltage of 39.8 Volts.

The Photo Voltaic system, which has adapted the DC power-modifying device, hadin this experiment a greater increase of the output voltage of the standard photo voltaic array without any noteworthy corresponding reduction of amperes, thereby the permanent magnetic cored resonant transformer provided for in Test 10, 20.23 % greater coulombs of electron energy

transference to the said electro-chemical storage system, with no apparent energy losses as is typical of inductive energy transformations when stepping up DC voltage output utilising prior art transformers, comparative to a given identical quanta of amperes and identical time of energy transference, transferred to the same respective control battery by the control photo voltaic array

The control SNS40ZL lead acid SLI battery is discharged throughout the experiments via a resistive load, defined as a 12 Volt 50 watt Quartz halogen globe and thereto prior to each discharge cycle, the resistance value of the filament terminals of the halogen globe is measured by Ohm meter to ensure an identical resistance load is applied at all times of battery discharges shortly thereafter re-charge.

During the course of charging and discharging of the control battery, measurements are taken at regular intervals whereby to ascertain the coefficient of output performance of photo-electric energy conversion of the respective photovoltaic systems and thereto the energy and capacity of the given battery subjected to charge by the respective comparable photovoltaic charging systems whereto differentiate the mean values of energy gain of the control battery subjected to the experimental photovoltaic battery charging system, having adapted the FS100 magneto- electric resonant transformer, to that of the mean energy values absorbed by the same control battery subjected to the standard photovoltaic battery charging system.

Prior to the first re-charge of the second purchased proprietary charged 12V SNS40ZL (SLI) automotive control battery used in this Test 10, it is discharged to the standard control cut off final voltage of .325 volts via discharge into the prescribed resistive load defined as a 12 Volt 50 watt Quartz halogen globe attached to the control batteries terminals via ampere meters whereto at regular increments of time, measurements were taken and collated for establishing the mean values of Volts and Amperes expended over time and thereby resolve the exact Amp hour rating of the said battery and quantify also, the Joules expended from the battery into the control load.

After establishment of the Ampere Hour rating of the new control battery used for Test 10, thereafter first discharge, all ensuing recharges are moderated to ensure the control battery is subject to the same charge time of amperes delivered by the control photovoltaic source to the new control battery whereby to differentiate the charge outputs of the battery subject to charge by the two respective photo voltaic charging systems.

The resultant power specification of the 12V SNS40ZL control battery was resolved by a first

discharge into the control resistive load as defined herein and measured as below-

Maximum open circuit battery voltage prior to first discharge = 12.50 VCut Off Voltage at 40620 second = 0.35 Volts.

Resultant Amp Hour rating = 27.82 Ah

After 12 hours of electrolyte relaxation after the first discharge, the standard bank of Photo Voltaic cells, is connected to the discharged control battery in parallel relationship whereto supply energy to the said battery at a rate measured herein below. - (refer also to table 1)

Mean Volt.

Mean Amp.

Mean J-sec.

Recharge seconds.

Total Joules Input.

13.51 1.053 14.28 86100 1229679

Maximum open circuit battery voltage prior to re-charge = 5.50 VTotal Photovoltaic Ampere Hour Input = 25.18 Ah

The resultant power specification after first recharge of the 12V SNS40ZL control battery by the standard photovoltaic array, was resolved after a discharge into the control resistive load as defined herein and the energy expended was measured as below-

Mean Volt.

Mean Amp.

Mean J-sec.

Discharge seconds.

Total Joules Expended.

10.18 2.90 29.57 26820 793447.2

Maximum open circuit battery voltage after first recharge = 13.5 VCut Off Voltage at 26820 second = 0.35 Volts.Total Battery Ampere Hour Output 21.60 Ah

Mean Volt.

MeanAmp

Mean J-sec.

Discharge seconds.

Total Joules Expended.

9.09 2.466 22.41 40620 910631.7

The photo-voltaic array which has adapted thereto, the FS100 magneto-electric resonant transformer, gives rise to the typical pulse width, frequency and an amplitude modulated voltage output with a corresponding modulated and phased CEMF having contra directional phased signal harmonics which issue structure of a return electro-magnetic pulse train back to the Photo Voltaic system which raises the output voltage in this experiment of the said modified photo voltaic array, by no less than 18% higher of potential difference than the voltage output of the standard Photovoltaic array and typically no greater than a 1% reduction of Amperes output comparative to the control Photovoltaic array having been subjected to an identical quanta of incident photon concentrations.

The resonant output signal generated by the FS100 assembly provides for greater efficiency of photon electric conversion by apparent modification of the electron shells behavior comprising the atomic lattices of the positive and negative doped semi conductor matter, whereto such modification enables greater sensitivity of the doped semi-conductor crystalline materials to a wider wavelength and frequency spectrum of incident

12 hours thereafter electrolyte relaxation after the second energy discharge from the new 12V SNS40ZL battery into the control resistive load, of which the said battery was prior recharged by the standard photovoltaic array, the magneto- electric resonant transformer is connected in series between the negative terminal of the control Photo Voltaic cell bank and that of the negative terminal of the control SNS40ZLS lead acid battery, and thereto the positive terminal of the Photo Voltaic cell bank is line connected via the same control Digital and Analog Ampere meters directly to the positive terminal of the same SNS40ZLS lead acid battery whereto supply energy to the said battery at a rate measured herein below. -

Mean Volt.

Mean Amp.

Mean J-sec.

Recharge seconds.

Total Joules Input.

17.44 1.022 17.84 86340 1541537

Maximum open circuit battery voltage prior to re-charge = 4.53 V Total Photovoltaic Ampere Hour Input = 25.54 AH

The resultant power specification of the battery thereafter the second recharge by the photovoltaic array having adapted the FS100 magneto-electric resonant transformer, was resolved after a discharge into the control resistive load and the energy that was expended from the battery was measured as below-

Mean Volt.

Mean Amp.

Mean J-sec.

Discharge seconds.

Total JoulesExpended.

9.41 2.879 27.09 33600 910356

Maximum open circuit battery voltage after FS100 recharge = 13.8 VCut Off Voltage at 33000 second = 0.35 Volts.Total Battery Ampere Hour Output = 26.87 Ah

CONCLUSION OF TEST 10

electro-magnetic radiations.

In this experiment greater energy outputs are generated by the FS100 photo voltaic system comparative to the standard photo voltaic system, this is confirmed of the measured output characteristics of the control battery receiving such modulated DC charge, of which the higher potential modulated input charge, energising the charge receptor battery had modified the electrolytic ion reactions of the said battery, whereto provide for 19% greater duration of output amperes and 20.0% greater peak power derived from the battery transferring energy into the control incandescent resistive load whereto the incandescent load remained luminescent for 25%longer duration, as opposed to the light and infra-red emissions, radiated thereof from the control incandescent load, powered by the standard control charged battery, of which the standard charged battery had dispensed energy at a lower mean voltage and lower ampere input into the resistive load during discharge.

Whereas the battery subjected to energy transference from the photo voltaic system having adapted the magneto-electric resonant transformer, had dispensed energy from the control battery into the load for 25% longer discharge time at a 4.0% higher mean voltage and 26.9% higher ampere input into the resistive load during discharge, thereby providing for greater useful work done by the battery, due to the conserving of the batteries internal voltage during discharge, by retarding oxidation of the anode and retarding the reduction of the cathode

When the anode is fully oxidized and or the cathode is fully reduced, the chemical reaction will stop and the battery is considered to be discharged. Recharging the battery is usually a matter of externally applying a voltage across the plates to reverse the chemical process.

Adapting the FS100 magneto-electric transformer to a Photo voltaic source, provides for low loss energy transformation and transference to an electro-chemical cell by applying a frequency and amplitude modulated DC voltage across the battery cells plates, with integral pulse trains of high frequency, high voltage impulses having phased conjugate heterodyned harmonics whereto the mode of charge transference operation differs greatly from conventional battery chargers, in that the nature of the electrolyte is modified by electro-magnetic entrainment of ion’s which allow a greater mean path of ion’s transfer between the respective anionic and cationic ion source plates by method of magneto hydrodynamic manipulation of the mobile ions suspended therein the electrolytic fluid.

The core of the FS100 technology is a simple transistorised, bi-filar multi coiled inductive resonant circuit that stores and transfers energy, bi-directionally to the load and source with little resistive losses, the resistance losses mainly occur within the respective transmission line wires connecting the photo voltaic array to the charge receptor defined as the control battery and that of the FS 100 transformer.

SUMMARY

Such adaptation of the FS100 circuit to a given photo voltaic DC source allows for greater power transmission line distance due to lesser line resistance losses by virtue of the higher voltages that are generated by the photo voltaic energy source, of which is apparent and proven of the enclosed tests procedures whereby on all counts greater amperage and voltage is transferred over a 75 meter copper line distance to the charge receptor battery, comparative to the control photo voltaic system.

The resonant device emits pulse, frequency and amplitude modulated electric signals having complex waveforms with counter electro motive currents and high frequency over voltage bursts which stimulates electrolytes by vibrating the ions to prevent ion stratification, whilst simultaneously the phased CEMF stimulates energy levels of the outer shell electrons of the positive and negative doped semi-conductor materials to higher potentials which provide for more efficient photo electric power conversion.

The resonance of the circuit is adjusted by the influence of permanent magnets and the frequency and amplitude of the signals may be selectively adjusted by use of a secondary and or tertiary permanent magnet field for optimising energy levels of the photovoltaic DC source.

The charge input pulses are self-adjusting in magnitude and vector, typically dictated by the conductivity of the electrolyte during the re-charge operation, whereby maximal permissive charge input for obtaining the maximal energy storage capacity of various types of primary and secondary batteries which are subject to recharge operations via the FS100 magneto-electric resonant DC transformer is achieved by the lower resistance of the electrolyte by reduction of ion collisions and the greater energy input which increases the rate of Anode de-oxidation and Cathode oxidation.

Current technology required to create and develop efficient photovoltaic systems is still in its infancy, and therefore the cost precludes widespread implementation and the superseding of more conventional forms of energy generation. Thereto also photovoltaic systems require large surface areas to work efficiently, typically from 8 to 12 square meters of surface area to produce 1kW of power. By adapting the FS100 magneto electric resonant transformer to proprietary low efficient photo voltaic cells a 20 percent greater energy output on average is achieved for the same photovoltaic panel area or the same energy output can be delivered for a minima of 20% less area.

Battery Powered Re-Charge Test 11The scope of this experiment entails the establishment of power outputs of a discarded battery re-charged via the FS100 magneto-electric transformer adapted to a given battery bank defined as the energy source for transferring charge from the said battery array to a depleted Concorde 24V 28Ah aircraft battery, certified as unserviceable, by a company called Aircraft Radio Services Pty Ltd, having the battery issued for servicing to Aircraft Radio Services Pty Ltd by Jetcraft Pty Ltd.

The critical use Concorde 24V 28Ah aircraft battery was rejected after being re-charged and load tested thereafter the Australian Standards testing procedure conducted by Aircraft Radio Services Pty Ltd, it was resolved and Certified that the said Concorde battery was rated at 52% capacity of the proprietary rated capacity being 28Ah.

The respective source charge utilised to energise the depleted battery, is a lead acid battery array composed, of 4 series connected SNS40ZLS 12 Volt x 28 Ah Wet Cell (SLI) type batteries, the charge receptor battery is defined as the Concorde 24V 28Ah depleted cell, of which is subjected to energy transferred from the respective charge source via the FS100 magneto-electric resonant transformer.

The FS100 magneto- electric resonant transformer is connected in series between the negative terminal of the series connected SNS40ZLS 48 Volt x 28 Ah Wet Cell (SLI) battery array, and that of the negative terminal of the control Concorde 24V 28Ah lead acid battery lead acid battery, and thereto the positive terminal of the SNS40ZLS 48 Volt x 28 Ah Wet Cell (SLI) battery array is line connected via Digital and Analog Ampere meters directly to the positive terminal of the Concorde 24V 28Ah lead acid battery. Voltages at all instances are measured by a high resolution digital oscilloscope and measured also by analog and digital Volt meters for cross reference.

The Concorde 24V 28Ah lead acid SLI battery is discharged via a resistive load whereby to ascertain the performance of the re-charged Concorde battery. The resistive load is defined as 2 series connected 12 Volt 50 watt Quartz halogen globes, and thereto prior to each discharge cycle, the resistance value of the filament terminals of the halogen globes are measured by Ohm meter to ensure an identical resistance load is applied at all times of the Concorde battery discharges thereafter re-charge.

During the course of charging and discharging of the control battery, measurements are taken at regular intervals whereby to ascertain the coefficient of output performance of energy conversion of the respective charge source system and thereto the energy and capacity of the given battery subjected to charge by the respective charging system whereto differentiate the values of energy gain of the control battery subjected to the battery charging system, having adapted the FS100 magneto- electric resonant transformer, to that of the mean energy values absorbed by the same control battery subjected to the standard proprietary charging system utilised by Aircraft RadioServices Pty Ltd.

The resultant power specification of the Concorde 24V 28Ah lead acid SLI battery control battery was resolved by a first discharge into the control resistive load as defined herein and measured as below (refer also to table 4)

Mean Volt.

MeanAmp

Mean J-sec.

Discharge seconds.

Total Joules Expended.

2.957 1.32 3.917 32700 128090.3

Maximum open circuit battery voltage prior to discharge = 17.50 VCut Off Voltage at 32700 second = 1.50 Volts.

Resultant Amp Hour rating = 12.03 Ah

At 12 hours of electrolyte relaxation after the discharge of the Concorde 24V 28Ah battery, the FS100 magneto- electric resonant transformer is connected in series between the negative terminal of the series connected SNS40ZLS 48 Volt x 28 Ah battery array, and that of the negative terminal of the control Concorde 24V 28Ah lead acid battery lead acid battery, and thereto the positive terminal of the SNS40ZLS 48 Volt x 28 Ah battery array whereto supply energy to the said battery at a rate measured herein below. - (refer also to table 4)

Mean

The resultant power specification after the recharge of the Concorde 24V 28Ah control battery was resolved after a discharge into the control resistive load as defined herein and the energy expended was measured as below- (refer also to table 4)

Mean Volt.

Mean Amp.

Mean J-sec.

Discharge seconds.

Total JoulesExpended.

17.68 2.272 40.179 48900 1964770.6

CONCLUSION

Energy transferred via the FS100 Magneto Electric Resonant Transformer can be applied to a variety of electro-chemical cells whereby to enhance battery performance, recharge electro chemical cells more rapidly and to extend the functional life of batteries or cells by improved management of sulphate precipitates, chloride precipitates or hydroxides.

Typical pulse shapes produced by the FS100 Magneto Electric Resonant Transformer are defined as a complex waveform of reverse counter pulses

Table 4 shows data’s of output power relevant to supplying a transference of charge from the SNS40ZLS 48 Volt x 28 Ah battery to the charge receptor battery and thereto also depicted of Table 4, data’s relevant the power output of the charge receptor Concorde 24V 28Ah lead acid battery discharging into a prescribed

Output V Output A Output J Sec JxSec 24.4 4.05 98.82 300 43691.4 24.3 3.96 96.228 600 71597.7 24.1 3.94 94.954 900 212778.9 24.1 3.92 94.472 3600 252323.1 23.5 3.89 91.415 1800 244161.9 23.3 3.86 89.938 3600 253099.8 22.8 3.81 86.868 2100 243217.8 22.4 3.77 84.448 3600 254906.4 19.6 3.5 68.6 3000 169976.1 12.6 2.73 34.398 3900 80829.9 8.49 2.16 18.3384 1500 17496 6.6 1.89 12.474 600 13825.71 6.19 1.81 11.2039 1800 15111.75 5.11 1.64 8.3804 1200 12040.14 4.9 1.59 7.791 1800 15475.74 4.58 1.54 7.0532 2400 13522.74 3.85 1.46 5.621 1800 11476.53 3.42 1.39 4.7538 2700 9547.47 2.76 1.26 3.4776 1800 5528.34 2.6 1.23 3.198 1500 4703.55 2.54 1.21 3.0734 1500 4473.825 2.43 1.19 2.8917 1500 3317.895 2.24 1.14 2.5536 900 2344.275 2.27 1.17 2.6559 900 3084.03 2.19 1.15 2.5185 1500 4063.425 1.9 1.09 2.071 2100 2175.295 1.49 1 1.49 0

Volt. Mean Amp.

Mean J-sec.

Recharge seconds.

Total Joules Input.

36.13 2.923 105.63 40500 4277914

Maximum open circuit battery voltage prior to re-charge = 15.50 VTotal Photovoltaic Ampere Hour Input = 32.89 AH

Maximum open circuit battery voltage prior to discharge = 25.4 VCut Off Voltage at 48900 second = 1.5 Volts.Total Battery Ampere Hour rating = 30.8

RECEPTOR BATTERY SYSTEM GAIN = 9.10% INCREASE OF PROPRIETARY RATED AMPERE HOURS

and high frequency over voltage bursts.

The FS100 Magneto Electric Resonant Transformer reduces polarization over voltages so that more energy goes into the reversible electrochemical conversion and to reduce the energy losses irreversibly lost to heating when transferring charge to primary and secondary cells.

Superimposition of modulating signals applied to a constant DC charge source produces counterpulsing of currents which act on the electrolyte electrode interface whereby to agitate anddisseminate localised ion depletion, which produces the polarization over voltage barrier to conduction. This same pulse action reduces electrode plating with lead sulphate precipitate, chloride precipitates or hydroxides that are an electrical insulator with low solubility.

The principles of molecular agitation of local electrolyte concentrations and controlling the deposition of non-conductive by-products by the FS100 transformer can be applied to many battery electrolyte chemistries, although the experimentation disclosed herein this report pertains to lead acid batteries in particular.

Improvements of mass electron efficiency or longevity of a given electro-chemical cell are obtained by the interruption of current and the counter pulsing of current to controlthe blockage of the electrodes interface area by either depleted electrolyte or the leadsulphate by-product, which precipitates as an effective insulator.

The related mass transit effects of ions, when pulsed currents are applied to electro-chemicalcells by modulated voltage and modulated current charging derived of the FS100 transformer, reconditions lead acid batteries and many other types of voltaic cells and minimises temperature rises during charge transference by controlled application of a pulse train of peculiar current waveform which improves the energy transfer both to and from the battery.

The FS100 Magneto Electric Resonant Transformer pushes the battery's energy exchange limits by a novel and self automated pulse sequence and depolarising technique which allows wider operating regimes for a given electro-chemical cell, whereto smaller batteries may be capable of higher power density, attributable to the Starflux power conditioning.

The FS100 Magneto Electric Resonant Transformer has infinite automated waveform and amplitude control whereby to self adjust to the progressive changes of internal resistance and voltage of a given electrochemical cell subjected to charge reception and thereto address the longer range sulphate issues and eliminate the "finishing" charge currently required in conventional charging technologies to assure sulphate breakdown and re-absorption. Many applications do not lend themselves to a periodic overcharge (finishing) in the course of energy cycling. This leads to battery degradation in such cases as sulphate precipitates accumulate. In general, the heat generation, water gassing, and plate corrosion are typically associated with the finishing charge and is now avoided by a conditioning method, which operates during the full time of charge cycling.

Empirical tests have been conducted upon all possible types of battery chemistries and thereto the tests have shown in all cases, same resultants of accelerated rates of charge acceptance by the cells and batteries subjected to the peculiar charge characteristics of the

Output V Output A Output J Sec JxSec 24.4 4.05 98.82 300 43691.4 24.3 3.96 96.228 600 71597.7 24.1 3.94 94.954 900 212778.9 24.1 3.92 94.472 3600 252323.1 23.5 3.89 91.415 1800 244161.9 23.3 3.86 89.938 3600 253099.8 22.8 3.81 86.868 2100 243217.8 22.4 3.77 84.448 3600 254906.4 19.6 3.5 68.6 3000 169976.1 12.6 2.73 34.398 3900 80829.9 8.49 2.16 18.3384 1500 17496 6.6 1.89 12.474 600 13825.71 6.19 1.81 11.2039 1800 15111.75 5.11 1.64 8.3804 1200 12040.14 4.9 1.59 7.791 1800 15475.74 4.58 1.54 7.0532 2400 13522.74 3.85 1.46 5.621 1800 11476.53 3.42 1.39 4.7538 2700 9547.47 2.76 1.26 3.4776 1800 5528.34 2.6 1.23 3.198 1500 4703.55 2.54 1.21 3.0734 1500 4473.825 2.43 1.19 2.8917 1500 3317.895 2.24 1.14 2.5536 900 2344.275 2.27 1.17 2.6559 900 3084.03 2.19 1.15 2.5185 1500 4063.425 1.9 1.09 2.071 2100 2175.295 1.49 1 1.49 0

FS100 Magneto Electric Resonant Transformer comparative to using several types of standard domestic AC rectified DC chargers and Photovoltaic cells.

All tests show measurable differences which confirm reduced energy requirements for charging any type of electro-chemical cell and thereto also increase the energy density per volume of the said electro-chemical cells, energised by a pulse width, frequency and amplitude modulated electron charge.

Finite analysis of the many tests which have been conducted relative the comparative differences of charge/discharge rates of batteries subject to re-charging by conventional art such as AC rectified commercial chargers and standard Photovoltaic systems, which are compared to batteries having been re-charged by the FS100 magneto electric resonant transformer, have yielded successful proofs for establishing commercially suitable high efficiency Solar power generators suited to applications pertaining to off the grid DC domestic energy usage by adapting to PV arrays or auxiliary battery banks charged by wind generators, a FS100 Magneto Electric Resonant Transformer and Ambient Electro-Magnetic Field Modulator Assembly whereto cater for fast rate , high efficiency re-charging and battery reconditioning using low efficient Photo Voltaic cells having increased Solar energy conversion efficiencies and storage batteries having greater charge density per volume.

DC Energy transformation and transference to the charge receptor electro-chemical cell or cells is obtained as Pulsed Frequency and Amplitude Modulated DC electrical power whereby the power take off is be tapped across from the L1 inductor impulse coil and the center tap of L1 and L2 inductive sensor coil. (Refer to Figure 1)The pulse frequency and amplitude modulation of the constant DC electrical source is effected by the oscillatory pulsed magnetic feedback caused by displacement and vibration of the molecular di-polar magnetic domains occurring within the stationary auxiliary permanent magnets and ferromagnetic core encapsulating the inductor windings assembly (Fig 1) and thereby induces a resonant sonic frequency having heterodyned radio frequency harmonics modulating the current within the solenoid coils L1 and L2. and thereby producing high voltage and high frequency peak potential differences upon the carrier charge. Energisation of the Electric Resonant Transformer can be obtained by an initial kinetic impact to an auxiliary magnet affixed to the ferromagnetic core to undertake excitation of the inductor sensor coil L2 which energises the transistor gate to power the impulse coil L1 in which the L1 magnetic field impulse, feeds back to the auxiliary magnet and imposes further molecular vibration in proportion to the natural resonant frequency which is initially established throughout the entire body of the solenoid assembly and the Magnetic Field Modifying Assembly when struck by a percussive impact force. Alternatively the pulse frequency and amplitude modulation of the DC electrical source is induced by the oscillatory pulsed magnetic feedback caused by displacement and vibration initially excited by a momentary transient surge into the inductor L1 and thereby causes the Barkenhausen Effect of the affixed permanent magnet connected to the ferromagnetic core and a sustained magnetic oscillation

The mechanism to actuate modulation and periodic interruption of the DC source input is actuated either by a transient voltage surge at point of close circuit when utilising the FS100 Magneto Electric Resonant Transformer and Ambient Electro-Magnetic Field Modulator Assembly circuit for high amperage power transfer to large capacity batteries.

Alternatively for energy transference from a low voltage DC battery source to a low voltage, small capacity cell, actuation of the aforementioned circuit whereby to provide interruption and modulation to the DC charge source is achieved by applying an initial singular moment of kinetic force, applied to the permanent magnet which issues the permanent magnetic field which encapsulates the given inductor coils (refer to Fig 1 to Fig 3), such kinetic impact causes momentary movement of the Auxiliary Permanent Magnetic Field Lines despite the external Auxiliary Permanent Magnets remaining static and restrained at close proximity to the fixed inductors L1 and L2 solenoid coils and the ferromagnetic core.

Applying a momentary kinetic impact upon the body of an auxiliary permanent magnet affixed to the ferromagnetic core causes a momentary compression wave through the permanent magnetic substrates molecules and momentarily translate the magnetic di-pole domain alignments contained therein the auxiliary permanent magnet and Ferro-magnetic core, thereby the resultant permanent magnetic field lines generated by the molecular di-polar magnetic domains are made to deviate in direction and magnitude and are sensed by the inductor coil L2 as moving , thereto the induced current of L2 inductor, activates the transistor to allow current to be drawn into L1 inductor coil and generate an electro-magnetic pulse which is directed to the Auxiliary Permanent Magnets of which such

pulse feed back provides for further displacement and vibration of the molecular di-polar magnetic domains.

Thereto after the initial kinetic impact, a resonant sonic frequency of mechanical vibration is sustained indefinitely between that of the stationary auxiliary permanent magnets, ferromagnetic core and solenoid coils, of which such vibrations are sustained for as long as there is a potential difference supplied to the solenoid circuit whereby the electro-magnetic impulse coil is modulated by the transistor and the charge induced L2 sensor coil interacting with a permanent magnetic field generated by spatially static permanent magnets encapsulating the inductor coils .

Furthermore the pulse frequency modulations may be altered by proximity adjustment of a remote auxiliary magnetic field having polar vector perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the inductor coils, whereby the remote secondary permanent magnetic field can be used to attenuate or strengthen the primary electro-magnetic field reactions between that of the energised inductors L1 and L2 and the primary permanent magnetic field, thereto the aforementioned assembly is further defined by function as a magneto-electric pulse, frequency and amplitude modulator to be adapted to a DC electric input whereto obtain desired harmonics of amplitude modulated electronenergy bursts and incremental frequency adjustment thereof, for electric charge output.The pulse frequency and amplitude modulations derived of the FS100 Magneto Electric Resonant Transformer be selectively adjusted to vary the waveform magnitude and pulse frequency whereby to effect the rate of charge for optimisation of energy transference to differing chemistries of electrolyte contained therein the many types of commercial batteries, by the proximity adjustment of a remote secondary permanent magnetic field placed perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the inductor coils of which the remote auxiliary permanent magnetic field can be used to attenuate or strengthen the primary electro-magnetic field reactions between the induction coils and the auxiliary permanent magnetic field , thereto the aforementioned assembly is further defined by function as a variable harmonic electro-magnetic pulse frequency modulator to be adapted to a constant DC electric input whereto obtain a desired amplitude modulated voltage and incremental frequency adjustment of the inductive kick having corresponding periodic surge of electric charge when current is interrupted abruptly and periodically.

The settings of the peculiar waveform functions for optimal energy transfer efficiency suited for differing electrolyte chemistries, are affected by proximity adjustment of the primary and secondary permanent magnetic fields and such settings calibrated and set prior to end user operations for simplicity of operation. The amount of energy derived of a standard re-charged electro-chemical cell; the longevity of the electrolytic properties and quanta of energy produced during discharge is typically affected by non-homogeneity of the electrolyte solution, further defined as electrolyte stratification.

Without some form of Brownian motive agitation or method of ion mixing, the electrolyte concentration decreases progressively to the top of a battery cell and increases at the bottom. The electrolyte contained therein between adjacent battery cell plates available for discharge and recharge is limited, typically caused by the deterioration of the cell plate due to dendrites growth that occur near the bottom of the cell plates and increases erosion at the zones of low electrolyte concentration caused by stratification, thereby contributing to a shorter useful battery life. The FS100 Magneto Electric Resonant Transformer provides an economical and simple method and apparatus for charging, and or re-charging of all types of electrolyte

storage batteries. Pulse trains of over charging current having peculiar waveform are applied to the electrolytic battery during the full bulk charge operation whereby the greatest benefit occurs near completion of the battery charging operation. During charge operations utilising the FS100 Magneto Electric Resonant Transformer, pulse width, amplitude and duration are self-adjusting so that adequate current is available to ensure that the electrolyte gases production will be homogenous over the entire area of a cell plate or cell plates.

Conventional AC rectified DC battery chargers produce a current having characteristics whereby the current will typically pass through the high resistance, lesser concentration of aqueous or gelatinised electrolyte near the top of the cell plates.

The voltage magnitudes generated by the FS100 Magneto Electric Resonant Transformer are much greater in magnitude than that of typical finishing rates or trickle charge levels, battery overcharging consists of charging the battery beyond its maximum capacity to effect the electrolysis of the water of the electrolyte solution whereby the electromotive force differences, between lesser and higher concentrations of the electrolyte are reduced significantly and the effect of resistance differences increase significantly and provide for greater current to be transferred through the lesser resistance, high concentration area of electrolyte whereby gas production is enhanced in the electrolyte zone where it is most required to induce Brownian motion for mixing and agitation of the higher concentrated electrolytic reaction area.

Pulse duration and Amplitude modulation is automatically regulated to be of suitable wavelength and timing to ensure proper gas production, but duration short enough to eliminate the deleterious effect of applying high current.

Factors contributing to the automatic adjustment of the superimposed overcharging currents are: the quantity of oxygen and hydrogen being produced by the periodic pulse trains injected into the electrolyte, battery structure, cell plate size and plate material; distance between the cell electrodes, and electrolyte characteristics due to concentrations thereof.

The quantity of charge delivered via the FS100 Magneto Electric Resonant Transformer to the electro-chemical cell provides as much gas-induced agitation and mixing as possible without causing excessive erosion in the lower concentrated electrolyte plate area.

Electrode erosion is typically caused by the oxygen and hydrogen gas as it passes to the surface of the electrolyte. The high voltage pulse trains injected into the battery via the FS100 Magneto Electric Resonant Transformer bottom of the battery where the acid is more concentrated and the electromotive force is greater thereby more gas bubbles are generated in the lower part of the battery

having higher concentrate electrolyte which then thoroughly mixes with the less concentrated electrolyte strata's whereto also sufficient quantities of gas are expelled into the electrolyte and ejected away from the plates.

The pulse train periodic rate is an integrated average current over time, that is equivalent to a slightly smaller constant charging current of which such pulse characteristics results in improved agitation and mixing of the electrolyte with lesser gas generation and minimises also explosive hazards of excessive gas generation.

Conditioning electro chemical cells by adapting the FS100 Magneto Electric Resonant Transformer to a constant DC charge source and charge receptor battery increases the amount of energy available for discharge and or recharge, thereto also greater longevity thereof the charge receptor battery for issuing greater duty cycles due to reduction of sulphation of the cells electrodes..

TYPICAL COMPONENTS UTILISED FOR CONSTRUCT OF A MAGNETO-ELECTRIC RESONANT TRANSFORMER.L1 1000 windings, 4mm core dia 0.1mm Cu wire 80 ohms L2 1000 windings, 4mm core dia 0.1mm Cu wire 80 ohms Q QBC549 or similar transistorMagnetic Core Neodymium/Yttrium rare earth magnets / diameter 4mm Ferro-metallic rod

The induction coil L1 of 1000 fine gauge 0.1mm copper windings gives the feedback signal to the base of the transistor, L1 is wound onto the same spool as the electromagnet L2 in which both inductor and electromagnet are wound onto the high strength permanent magnetic core and whereby L1 senses the deviation of the field lines emitted by the permanent magnetic core via the phased stimulation emitted by the electromagnetic inductor. As the induction/sensor coil L1 is also exposed to the field generated by the electromagnet L2, L1 sensor inductor is subjected to electromagnetic oscillations of greater potential by virtue of pulsed feedback from the permanent magnetic field expanding and collapsing due to the regulation of the electromagnetic pulsations emitted by L2 in which L2 pulsations are also regulated by the sensor coil inductor L1.All three magnetic field vectors mutually effect each others frequency of oscillations in which the oscillations occur within the atoms of the permanent magnetic substrate and both inductors defined as sensor and electromagnet. The transistor switches the current through the electromagnet L2 depending on the signal from L1. The zero vector mode defined as when 2 of the 3 magnetic vectors cancel each other for a periodic moment and allow the base current to start flowing from the positive volt DC supply through L1 into the transistor, giving rise to a standby current through the electromagnet connected between the emitter of the transistor and ground. The polarity of the permanent magnet and the current through the electromagnet is chosen to result in a deflection of the permanent magnetic field emitted by the core stimulated by the electromagnet when the sensor coil is deemed inactive momentarily due to the accumulation of electric charge or saturation prior to actuation and release of charge into the base of the transistor. The working point of the transistor is determined by the supply voltage and the base resistor being defined as the inductor L1. The overall power consumption of the circuit is dominated by the frequency of standby current injected into the circuit and feed back frequency back into the source battery. The electromagnet is defined as a coil of many windings of thin copper wire on a super permanent magnetic core. Not using any magnetic material in the core limits the magnetic power of the electromagnet and stabilizes the circuit against oscillations as well as saturation effects in which the saturation effects are the anomalies, which produce the peculiar electrical waveforms due to magnetic standing waves. Since the amount of energy needed to be transferred to the permanent magnetic super core is rather small due to the fact that the mechanics of the atoms within the permanent magnetic core are made to eventually oscillate at its resonant frequency, a small magnetic field periodically emitted from the electromagnetic coil is sufficient to phase larger fluctuations of the permanent magnetic field in which the aforesaid periodic fluctuations induce larger charges into the sensor coil being defined also as an inductor of electromagnetism which effects the permanent magnetic field lines emitted from the core.

BASIC FUNDAMENTALS AND OPERATION OF A FS100 MAGNETO-ELECTRIC RESONANT TRANSFORMER

For fast rate charging of an electro chemical cell or primary / secondary batteries it is desirable to provide at least twice the potential difference to the FS100 Magneto Electric Resonant Transformer and Amplitude Modulator input to that of the charge receptor batteries proprietary rated full charge terminal voltage, whereto it is especially desirable to have a temperature sensor affixed to the outer encasement of the cell or cells to be charged whereto actuate a charge input cut off switch when the electrolyte reaches an operating temperature of 40 Degrees Celsius or the thermal mass of the battery or cell’s outer encasement reaches 42 Degrees Celsius .

Temperature regulation circuits can be dispensed of, when the maximum proprietary potential difference of the battery charge source is the same as the maximum proprietary potential difference of the receptor cell or battery.

Charge input is progressively reduced proportionate to the progressive increase of charge gain obtained by the receptor battery or cell. Upon voltage equilibrium between that of the respective charge source battery and the charge receptor battery both having same potential differences, thereto shall the FS100 Magneto Electric Resonant Transformer circuit switch off automatically.

Furthermore the FS100 Magneto Electric Resonant Transformer circuit may be left on the aforesaid batteries whilst in storage whereby upon self discharge of the receptor cell to a potential difference of 0.2 V lesser than the portable constant DC charge source defined as a suitable capacity electro-chemical battery and such charge source being of a greater capacity than that of the receptor battery whereby to supply upon demand, energy when voltage differentiation exists between the receptor battery and the drive battery by automatic activation of the FS100 Magneto Electric Resonant Transformer circuit when a minor potential difference occurs between that of the two respective negative terminals of the charge drive battery and that of the charge receptor batteries or cell and shall allow charge transference until voltage equilibrium is obtained.

As equilibrium is obtained, the pulse width, amplitude modulation and waveform operating frequencies effected by the Barkenhausen Effect produced within the auxiliary permanent magnets reacting with the inductive sensor coils produce input signals to the receptor battery at UHF range, with little detectable modulated spurious radiations, for as the system tunes itself to a state of near equilibrium the desired feedback signals entering back into the charge source battery are of lower potential due to the inducted magnetic field expansions and collapses occurring so fast that the electro magnetic fields behave as static with respects to the transistors switching detection speed thereby lesser induction of charges in the L1 and L2 sensor coils and lesser currents passed through the circuit until the transistor registers an equi potential between the two respective negative terminals of the drive battery and receptor battery and then switches off.

When high potential differences occur between the drive battery and receptor battery at the time of initialising charge transference for power conditioning of a depleted cell or battery, the pulse width, amplitude modulation and waveform operating frequencies effected by the Barkenhausen Effect produced within the auxiliary permanent magnets reacting with the inductive sensor coils, produce input signals to the receptor battery at LF range with HF harmonics, of which it is necessary to Faradic Shield the entire circuit and battery assembly and transmit electrical energy via shielded coaxial wires to any remote battery external of the Faradic Shield encapsulating the drive battery and Starflux Pulse Width Frequency and Amplitude Modulator circuit . Shielding the system does prevent to large degree EMF propagation but does also reduce EMF absorption from ambient electromagnet radiant sources into the resonant circuit comprising

FS100 Magneto Electric Resonant Transformer assembly.

ADVANCED SCOPE OF THE MAGNETO-ELECTRIC RESONANT TRANSFORMER

The overall power consumption of the Magneto Electric Resonant Transformer circuit is dominated by the frequency of standby current injected into the circuit and the frequency of feed back energy going back into the source battery by CEMF.

Remote energy can be inductively superimposed upon the L1 and L2 coils by affixing antennas to the emitter and collector terminals of the transistor of which derives electro motive force from the ambient surrounds such energy is typically sourced from stray electro-magnetic radiations generated by the domestic grid and broad spectrum radio waves.

Energies extracted from the ambient surrounds, are drawn into the resonant circuit and reduce the energy drain of the charge source battery and thereto also increase the energy gain of the charge receptor battery, whereby the C.O.P of the system is O.U however efficiency ratios cannot be determined due to not knowing the drain or losses that may be occurring of the electro-magnetic radiant source e.g., localized telecommunication transmitters, high voltage transmission wires, and EMF generated by electric appliances of which all such radiant sources are modulating the vacuum.

Energy in an electric circuit involves only the potentialisation and de-potentialisation of the electron carriers in that circuit.

The potential gradient is defined as the joules per coulomb collected by the circuit to potentialise the electrons, and the quanta of coulombs of electrons that are potentialised during the collection phase.

Electric circuits utilise electrons as carriers of "potential gradients," from the source to the load, whereby the gradients and the activated electrons constitute an excess of bound electro-magneticenergy.

The acceleration of the electrons causes the activated electrons to relieve their potential gradients by emitting them as dispersal such as heat

If the primary potential source remains in the circuit during the "work" phase, the potentialised electrons return back into the primary source and dispel energy from the battery source internal resistive load, thereby causing disruption to the state of enthalpy of the source potential and associative energy levels simultaneous of dispersing energy into the load for useful work, thereto also work is being done to increase entropic decay internal of the primary source being an electrochemical cell.

The collection and discharge cycles actuated by the oscillatory Magnetic-Electric fields resonant feed back, switching between the collector coils L1 and L2 to disconnect from the external load being a charge receptor further defined as an electro chemical cell and also disconnect from the primary energy source for momentary accumulation of current free potential which is superimposed into the collector coils L1 and L2 from the ambient surrounds and thereby the collector with its re-potentialised free electrons is switched on to energise the given load.

The resonant cyclic potentialisation of the external load being defined as the charge receptor battery can be affected so that power derived from a battery or primary source of potential is considerably reduced, by use of the collector as a secondary source and switching the potentialbetween the primary source and the collector.

The cyclic timing must be such to prevent current flow during the collection cycle whereby to control the rate of depletion of the separated charges contained therein the battery that provides the source charge and potential difference.

In a properly tuned magneto-electric resonant transformer circuit, current does not flow during the collection cycle and the bi-polar gating of the potential gradient when having appropriately phased relaxation time, being the time for the free electrons in a conductive material to reach the skin of the wire or material after a potential is applied, during the relaxation period, the free electrons being a perpetual gas are bound without producing a current that dissipates the potential. At the moment the relaxation period time momentarily ends, current flows and thereto dissipation of the collected energy.

The relaxation period must be of suitable duration to collect useful ambient energy and of short enough duration to allow for dispersion of the collected remote energy drawn into the collector to speedily discharge into the load defined as the charge receptor battery when switching the primary source off from the collector which reduces also the work done by the primary charge source defined as an electro-chemical cell.

The amount of bound energy that is transferred, depends upon the quanta of trapped electrons within the free electron gas and the potential gradient applied to the entrapped coulombs to potentialise them. The collector assembly is defined as the copper inductors and the degenerate semi conductive material contained therein the transistor or transistors comprising the FS100 Magneto Electric Resonant modulator circuit.

The relaxation time for copper is 1.5 x 10-19 sec. and the relaxation time for the Degenerate Semi Conductive material can be doped accordingly to affect nanosecond to millisecond switching and all such switching rates can be finitely adjusted by varying the magnitude and proximity of the auxiliary permanent field lines relevant to the position of the inductor s L1 and L2 collector assembly comprising the FS100 Magneto Electric Resonant Transformer Assembly.

The serial process of the magneto-electric resonant system is as follows

(1) Extract entrapped energy (potential) from the source onto the collector during time Delta t1.

(2) Switch the collector off the source, onto the load, during time Delta t2.

(3) Wait while the collected energy in the collector discharges through the load, during time Delta t3

(4) Switch the collector back off the load and onto the potential source, during time Delta t4 cycle.

The serial timing is as follows [delta t1 + delta t2 + delta t3 + delta t4].

With right balance of doped conductors, the switching correlation can provide for much greater energy conservation of the given primary source by gating ambient EM energy into the circuit and load to provide for high C.O.P energy transference to a given charge receptor battery or cell adapted thereto a Starflux Pulse, Frequency and Amplitude Modulator circuit having an Integral Magnetic Field

Modifying Assembly.