state of black family maternal and child health and focus group results carolyn m. springer, ph.d....
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State of Black Family Maternal and Child Healthand Focus Group Results
Carolyn M. Springer, Ph.D.
Research funded by the MCH Bureau, HRSA Grant #: G97MC04454
Grantee: Today’s Child Communications
Research Team
Carolyn M. Springer, Ph.D. Michelle H. Pigott, MA Vaschele Williams, MA Cristina Boquin Kari Lundwall, MA Lauren Springer, JD
Black Americans 36 million; 13 % of US population The poorest health status of any American
demographic Race and Ethnicity as major determinants of
health Poverty Increased morbidity Increased mortality Inadequate health insurance Limited access to health care
Maternal and Child Health
IMR 2004:13.6 for Blacks; 5.7 for Whites Black infants are twice as likely
to die in infancy to be born pre-term to be low birth weight
Black women More than 2x likely to receive late or no pre-
natal care 3 to 4x as likely to die from pregnancy and
related complications
Life Expectancy at Birth 1999-2005
50
55
60
65
70
75
80
85
90
95
100
1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005
Years
Ag
e
White Males White Females Black Males Black Females
Infant Mortality Rate by Mother’s Race 1999-2005
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005
Rate
Yea
r
Black Moms White Moms
Low-birth weight 1999-2000 by Race
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
1999 2000 2002 2003 2004
Year
Per
cen
t
White Non Hisp Black Non Hisp
Late or No Prenatal Care by Race
2.1% 2.2%
5.9% 5.7%
0.0%
1.0%
2.0%
3.0%
4.0%
5.0%
6.0%
7.0%
2003 2004
Year
Per
cen
t
White Non Hisp Black Non Hisp
Insurance
Rates of insurance have risen for Black children (9% in 2003; down from 14% in 1998) but still below rates for white children (6% in 2003)
National Black Family Promotions Coalition: Partners to Promote Maternal and Child Health Initiative
5 year project (2005-2010) Supported by funding from HRSA’s
MCH Bureau; part of the Alliance for Information on Maternal and Child Health
Address racial disparities in maternal child health through education, advocacy, social marketing and program and policy development.
Focus Groups
Provide a forum for participants to have a dialogue about Black families and health
Topics: Value placed on health; health disparities; health care treatment; health behaviors; heath barriers and facilitators; health literacy; pre-natal care
3 regions (Washington DC; Chicago, IL; New York City Tristate Area)
Focus Groups 3 groups in each city
Coed Male Only Pregnant Women
About 10-15 people in each group Participant Criteria:
Black, African-American, Caribbean or African Over 18 years, Currently pregnant or moms and dads with children
under 5 years Sample
Six groups in Washington D.C. and Chicago, Illinois 67 participants (37 women, 30 men)
Major Themes Access to health care services Quality of services Issues related to health insurance Issues related to health disparities Misconceptions about medications Relationships with health care providers Images of African-American fathers Competing demands which make it
difficult for health to be a priority.