states of an atom ground state: when an atom is at its lowest energy level excited state when at...

STATES OF AN ATOM Ground state: when an atom is at its lowest energy level Excited state when at atom gains energy

Upload: jacob-moody

Post on 18-Jan-2018

223 views

Category:

Documents

0 download

Report

Download

Embed Size (px):

DESCRIPTION

Valence electrons: are the electrons in the last level of energy. WE ALREADY KNOW THIS? Do we?

TRANSCRIPT

STATES OF AN ATOMGround state: when an atom is at its lowest

energy levelExcited state when at atom gains energy

Orbitals An orbital is a three dimensional region

around the nucleus where probably an e- is found

There are four type of orbitals : s, p, d, and fEvery single orbital can fit 2 electrons max.

Orbital Shape Number of orbitals

s Sphere 1

p dumbbells 3

d “flower” 5

f “weird” 7

Page 3: STATES OF AN ATOM Ground state: when an atom is at its lowest energy level Excited state when at atom gains energy

Valence electrons: are the electrons in the last level of energy.

WE ALREADY KNOW THIS? Do we?

Page 4: STATES OF AN ATOM Ground state: when an atom is at its lowest energy level Excited state when at atom gains energy

Principles and Rules For e config.

Heisenberg uncertainty principle: States that it is impossible to know both the velocity and position of a particle at the same time

Afbau Principle: States that each electron occupies the lowest energy orbital available.

Hund’s rule: states that single electrons with the same spins must occupy each equal-energy orbital before they pair.

Pauli exclusion principle: States that every single e must have different set of quantum numbers.

Page 5: STATES OF AN ATOM Ground state: when an atom is at its lowest energy level Excited state when at atom gains energy

Orbitals s

Page 6: STATES OF AN ATOM Ground state: when an atom is at its lowest energy level Excited state when at atom gains energy

Orbitals p

Page 7: STATES OF AN ATOM Ground state: when an atom is at its lowest energy level Excited state when at atom gains energy

Orbitals d

Page 8: STATES OF AN ATOM Ground state: when an atom is at its lowest energy level Excited state when at atom gains energy

Orbitals f

Page 9: STATES OF AN ATOM Ground state: when an atom is at its lowest energy level Excited state when at atom gains energy

ORBITAL DIAGRAMUse He = ↑↓ 1sBe = ↑↓ ↑↓ 1s 2s N = ↑↓ ↑↓ ↑ ↑ ↑ 1s 2s 2px2py2pz

Fe ↑↓ ↑↓ ↑↓ ↑↓ ↑↓ ↑↓ ↑↓ ↑↓ ↑↓ ↑↓ ↑↓ ↑ ↑ ↑ ↑_

1s 2s 2px2py2pz 3s 3px3py3pz 4s 3d 3d 3d 3d 3d

Page 10: STATES OF AN ATOM Ground state: when an atom is at its lowest energy level Excited state when at atom gains energy

DOT NOTATIONPlace dots around the element symbol

indicating the number of electrons in the last level of energy.

Page 11: STATES OF AN ATOM Ground state: when an atom is at its lowest energy level Excited state when at atom gains energy

1s2 2s2 2p6

Last level of energy

This particular atoms has2 levels of energy 10 electron total 2 + 2 +68 electrons in the last level of energy 2 +6What atom is this?How many dots are place around its symbol

Page 12: STATES OF AN ATOM Ground state: when an atom is at its lowest energy level Excited state when at atom gains energy

Orbitals f

Page 13: STATES OF AN ATOM Ground state: when an atom is at its lowest energy level Excited state when at atom gains energy

atom “image”

Page 14: STATES OF AN ATOM Ground state: when an atom is at its lowest energy level Excited state when at atom gains energy

atom “images”

Page 15: STATES OF AN ATOM Ground state: when an atom is at its lowest energy level Excited state when at atom gains energy

orbital s

Page 16: STATES OF AN ATOM Ground state: when an atom is at its lowest energy level Excited state when at atom gains energy

2 orbitals p

Page 17: STATES OF AN ATOM Ground state: when an atom is at its lowest energy level Excited state when at atom gains energy

2 orbitals p

Page 18: STATES OF AN ATOM Ground state: when an atom is at its lowest energy level Excited state when at atom gains energy

orbital d

Page 19: STATES OF AN ATOM Ground state: when an atom is at its lowest energy level Excited state when at atom gains energy

orbital f

Page 20: STATES OF AN ATOM Ground state: when an atom is at its lowest energy level Excited state when at atom gains energy

Orbital s

Page 21: STATES OF AN ATOM Ground state: when an atom is at its lowest energy level Excited state when at atom gains energy

Orbital p

Page 22: STATES OF AN ATOM Ground state: when an atom is at its lowest energy level Excited state when at atom gains energy

Orbitlas d

Page 23: STATES OF AN ATOM Ground state: when an atom is at its lowest energy level Excited state when at atom gains energy

Orbital d

Page 24: STATES OF AN ATOM Ground state: when an atom is at its lowest energy level Excited state when at atom gains energy

Orbital f

Page 25: STATES OF AN ATOM Ground state: when an atom is at its lowest energy level Excited state when at atom gains energy

Orbital f

An atom

The Harnessed Atom - Lesson 1 - Energy

Atom Molecule Compound - West Linn · 2013. 7. 16. · When an atom gains electrons it becomes more negatively charged, called an anion. When an atom loses electrons it becomes more

4.3 Modern Atomic Theory What can happen to electrons when atoms gain or lose energy? Bohr’s Model of the Atom

6.1 Ionic Bonding. Stable Electron Configurations When the highest occupied energy level of an atom is filled with electrons, the atom is stable and not

Atomic structure Energy levels Energy levels for an atom (Helium) Energy bands of solids

Atomic Theory When looking at the History of the Atom. The Atom was always Neutral

Ionization energy is the energy required to REMOVE an electron from an atom in the gas phase Atom in ground state (g) Atom + (g) + e - Always positive

Notes: Chapter 11 - honorschem.kmacgill.com · Notes: Chapter 11 The source of all light is the atom Light is generated when the electrons in an atom are excited to a higher energy

C HAPTER 6: C HEMICAL BONDS. S TABLE E LECTRON C ONFIGURATIONS When is an atom unlikely to react? When the highest occupied energy level of an atom is

The Atom. Atomic States An atom can be in one of two states: 1.Ground State: When an atom has the lowest possible amount of energy. 2.Excited State: When

1Midlands Ultracold Atom Research Centre, School of ... · atomic interactions. When an alkali atom approaches within ˘3 m of a planar surface, its potential energy decreases rapidly

Nuclear Energy Chapter 12. Introduction to the Nuclear Process Fission – nuclear energy released when atom split, conventional technology Fusion – nuclear

STRUCTURE, ENERGY AND ATOM MIGRATION - HAL - INRIA

Energy From The Atom

Polarity Bonds and molecules. Types of bonds Ionic bonds occur when an atom of low ionisation energy loses valence electrons to an atom of high ionisation

Lesson 1 Energy Basics | The Harnessed Atom (2016)

6.1 Ionic Bonding When is an atom unlikely to react? Stable Electron Configurations When the highest occupied energy level of an atom is filled with _________________,

The Dark Energy Atom Interferometer Experiment

SOURCES OF ENERGY INTRODUCTION · Nuclear energy is of two types 1. Nuclear fission nucleus of a heavy atom (Uranium) when bombarded with low energy neutron split (break down) into

Electricity atom energy

Single-atom catalysts for high-energy rechargeable batteries

William T. Rogers Middle School€¦ · Web view2020/01/27 · Nuclear: the energy associated with changes in the nucleus of an atom. fission - when the nucleus of the atom splits;

Cellular Respiration Harvesting Chemical Energy. Review: Oxidation and Reduction Oxidized atom Electron is donated Energy is donated Reduced atom Electron

4.3 Modern Atomic Theory What can happen when an atom absorbs energy? - an increase in kinetic energy or a phase change energy may be absorbed by an atom,

–Hydrogen atom...Experimental Physics 4 -Hydrogen atom 1 Experimental Physics EP3 Atoms and Molecules –Hydrogen atom – Radial density distribution, energy levels, interaction

The Atom and Its Energy, Andrade 1947

Improving Energy Efficiency with Atom - Intel

Light Emission - irion-isd.org · 2014. 2. 27. · Frequencies of light that represent the correct energy jumps in the atom will be absorbed. When the atom de-excites, it emits the

Models of the Atom Chapter 5: Electrons in Atomsfmsbiology.weebly.com/uploads/8/9/5/9/8959967/_chapter05notes_1.pdfModels of the Atom > Atomic Spectra When an atom absorbs energy:

Menu Substances appear coloured when visible light energy is absorbed by an atom, ion or molecule

Dusting off the Atom: Nuclear Energy Futures

When is an atom unlikely to react?

4.3 Modern Atomic Theory 4-3 Cornell Bohr’s Model of the Atom –Energy Levels –Draw an example of Bohr’s Model –Evidence of energy levels What happens when

Atom Energy Prospectus

Energy From the Atom. Or… Energy From the Atom Energy from the Atom Energy can be produced from either splitting atoms or combining them. Splitting atoms