Unit 5- States of Consciousness

States of ConciousnessWhat is consciousness? How do our bodys natural rhythms differ from one another?

I Am PoemCreate a poem or a picture depicting what it means to be You. Who are you? What makes you who you are?William JamesDescribed consciousness as a stream or a river

STREAM OF CONSCIOUSNESS

Do we have random thoughts?

iPodPreassessmentComplete the pre-assessmentVideohttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qjfaoe847qQWhat do you think?What does it mean to be conscious?

ConsciousnessAwareness of yourself and the environmentEx. thoughts, sensations, and memoriesAlways changingWhat are you conscious of right now?7Gaps?Are there gaps in consciousness?

Daydreaming, sleeping, a comaLevels of Consciousness

9Conscious alert and fully aware, rational

10Preconscious memories/thoughts are easily accessible What did you eat for breakfast?

Subconscious memories/thoughts arent easily accessibleWho was your 4th grade teacher?Dreams?Usually has some emotional baggage

Unconscious memories/thoughts are NOT accessible; the storehouse of desires and needs that we arent aware of

Nonconscious body processes that we are not aware of, but are active

Check for understandingWith a partner, get a piece of paper and draw an example of each of the states of consciousness.Be ready to explain your drawingSleep!What are the stages of sleep?What are some common sleep disorders, and what are their consequences?What are the costs to your body when you dont get enough sleep?Why do we dream?

SLEEP !!!!!On average, humans sleep 22 years of their lifetimeSeventeen hours of sustained wakefulness leads to a decrease in performance equivalent to a blood alcohol-level of 0.05%body temperature and the brain's sleep-wake cycle are closely linked18

Biological Rhythms - natural life cycles that help to guide our levels of awareness and our behaviorsExamples?Jet lag19Annual Cycle Seasonal changes affecting moods, appetite, sleep patterns28 Day Cycle female menstrual cycle90 Minute Cycle sleep cycle24 Hour Cycle daily cycle of levels of alertness, hormones, body temperature, etc., aka circadian rhythm20

21Hockenbury text p 124

What hormone affects wakefulness?22Types of sleepREM Sleep: rapid eye movements and dreaming occur and voluntary muscle activity is suppressedNREM Sleep: quiet, typically dreamless sleep in which rapid eye movements are absent23Why do we sleep?Restorative theory of sleepSleep promotes physiological processes that restore and rejuvenate the body and the mindNREM = bodily restoration and REM = mind restoration

24Why do we sleep?Adaptive theoryAdapting to environment in response to necessity for alertness for predators

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27Stages of SleepPre-Sleep:transition to sleep: hypnagogic hallucinations and myoclonic jerksYou may hear a loud crash, hear someone call your name, feel a sensation of floating, smell something burning, see a variety of colorsInvoluntary muscle spasms

28Stage 1Light sleep5-10 minutesGradually disengage from sensationsStill able to regain consciousness easilySome hypnagogic experiences continue here29Stage 2Breathing, heart rate, brain activity slow downEye movement stopsSome small muscle twitchesSleep Spindles - Quick bursts of brain activity that last for a second or two30Stage 3Deep sleepIf you are woken up during this stage, you may feel groggy and disoriented for several minutes

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Stage 460 min inDeep deep sleepHeart rate and breathing drop to their lowest levelsmay take 15 minutes or more to regain consciousness from this level32Stage 4It is possible to carry conversations, answer the phone, walk in this stage and never remember itMost sleeping disorders occur during this time33Sleep cycles1-2-3-4-3-2-5234325 etc

35SmartBoard ActivityStage 5REM sleepBrain becomes active, heart rate and breathing increase, sexual arousalBUT voluntary muscle movements are suppressed (paralysis)why?Vivid dreams37The Brain during REM sleepVisual Cortex & Frontal Cortex are basically OFF.

Amgydala and hippocampus are active

39Memory ConsolidationProcedural Memories are REACTIVATEDCheck for understandingDraw or write a short story depicting the 5 stages of sleep http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2_HXUhShhmYWhat time should you go to sleep?1st REM stage ~15 minutes 1st sleep cycle ~90 minutes total~5 per nightLength of time in REM/nightREM blocks and nappingSleepyti.meIndividual Differences in Sleep Drive8 hours per night?Nonsomniacs: sleep far less than most but do not feel tired during the dayNaps43Keywords: nonsomniacs, insomniacsSleep dysfunctions and disorders

A condition in which a person regularly experiences an inability to fall asleep, to stay asleep, or to feel adequately rested by sleep.

Insomnia45Usually within the first three hours of sleepThe sleeper typically has the ability to navigate around objects, but in a stiff, automatic manner

Sleepwalking (somnabulism)

46either when falling asleep or when awakeningAware while paralyzed for REMhttp://clipsforclass.com/consciousnessSleep paralysis47

Snoring?sleeper repeatedly stops breathing during sleepCarbon-dioxide builds up in the blood, causing a momentary awakening, during which the sleeper snorts or gulps for air

Sleep apnea49excessive daytime sleepiness and brief lapses into sleep throughout the dayarousals usually trigger sleep laughter, anger, surprise, sexInstant loss of muscular control and entrance REM sleep (the dreams are often terrifying)http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wN1_yS6_5T4

Narcolepsy50Usually ~3 hours in during Stage 4High arousal appearance of being terrifiedThen right back to sleep no memory of the event http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4ujSv2z3MEk

Night terrorsNightmares

Occur towards morning during REM51Are you getting enough sleep?8 hours suggested for adultstypical adult sleeps less than 79 hours suggested for teenagertypical teen sleeps only about 6

Sleep deprivation

53Effects of sleep lossFatigueImpaired concentrationImmune suppressionIrritabilitySlowed performanceAccidents

So what about dreams? 25% of sleep spent dreaming2 hours/night6 years of lifeSleep thinking much more commonVague, uncreative thoughts about real events, during slow wave

Sleep and dreamsDreams: sequence of images, emotions, and thoughts passing through a sleeping persons mindRemembering dreams?

Sleep and dreamsEmotions can be intenseContent/organization are usually illogicalBizarre sensationsEven bizarre detail is uncritically acceptedDream images are difficult to remember

Sleep and dreamsLucid dream: consciously perceiving and recognizing that one is dreaming, enabling more control over the content and quality of the experience

What do you think dreams are for?How can we interpret them?What are dreams for?Activation synthesis modelPsychoanalytic interpretation

Activation synthesis modelphysiological processes of the brain cause dreamsareas of the limbic system involved in emotions, sensations, and memories become active during REMPsychoanalytic interpretationThe Interpretation of Dreams Sigmund Freudwish fulfillment discharge otherwise unacceptable feelingssex and aggression

When is a cigar just a cigar?The manifest content of a dream is the literal storyline and events that occurredThe latent content of a dream is the interpretation

Dream Interpretation