statesville, nc results of “am” ashrae 110 laboratory fume ... 1... · this report provides...

Statesville, NC

Results of “AM” ASHRAE 110 Laboratory Fume Hood Performance Evaluations

Venturi Hood

January, 2017

Prepared By:

Exposure Control Technologies Inc.

231-C East Johnson Street Cary, NC 27513 Phone: (919) 319-4290 | Fax: (919) 319-4291

www.exposurecontroltechnologies.com

CONTENTS

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY .............................................................................. 1

RECOMMENDATIONS ............................................................................... 1

METHODOLOGY ........................................................................................ 3

HOOD PERFORMANCE TESTS: STATIC SASH ........................................................ 3

Face Velocity Test ................................................................................... 3

Cross Draft Tests..................................................................................... 4

Airflow Visualization Tests ...................................................................... 4

Tracer Gas Tests ..................................................................................... 5

Periphery Scan Test ................................................................................ 6

Sash Movement Effect (SME) Test .......................................................... 6

RECOMMENDED PERFORMANCE CRITERIA ............................................... 7

TEST RESULTS ............................................................................................ 8

Table I: Laboratory Fume Hood Performance Test Results ...................... 8

STANDARD OPERATING PROCEDURES FOR HOOD USE ............................. 9

APPENDIX A ...................................................... CERTIFICATES OF CALIBRATION

APPENDIX B ............... HOOD INFORMATION AND PERFORMANCE TEST DATA SHEETS

Kewaunee Scientific: Venturi AM Hood Performance Testing January 2017 1

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

This report provides results of “As Manufactured” (AM) performance tests conducted on one constant air volume (CAV) six-foot Venturi model laboratory fume hood within the Kewaunee Scientific fume hood testing laboratory located in Statesville, North Carolina. Exposure Control Technologies, Inc. performed the tests on January 23-24, 2017. Testing was performed in accordance with guidelines provided in the ANSI/ASHRAE 110-2016 "Method of Testing Performance of Laboratory Fume Hoods." The criteria for performance were adopted from recommendations by the ACGIH, the National Research Council, SEFA, ANSI, and relevant industry standards on laboratory ventilation. The hood was tested “As Manufactured” (AM) at the 28” vertical full open sash height, at 40 fpm face velocity and with the hood both empty and box-loaded.

RECOMMENDATIONS The ASHRAE 110 tests were conducted under a variety of scenarios, as follows:

• ASHRAE 110 test, hood clear, 40 fpm test.

• ASHRAE 110 test, hood box-loaded per NIH standard, 40 fpm test.

Results of testing revealed that the fume hood met acceptance criteria as described herein, with average tracer gas containment results below the industry “AM” standard of 0.05 ppm.

Testing and evaluation were performed by:

Randy Blew Senior Laboratory Services Project Manager


METHODOLOGY

Hood Performance Tests: Static Sash All performance tests were conducted with the sash at the vertical full open height of 28 inches.

• Measurement of Face Velocity

• Measurement of Cross Drafts

• Visualization of Airflow Patterns

• Measurement of Tracer Gas Containment

• Periphery Scan Test

• Sash Movement Effect (SME) Tests

Face Velocity Test The face velocity tests were performed by dividing the opening of the hood into equal area grids of approximately 1 square foot and measuring the velocity at the center of each grid. Air velocities were recorded at one-second intervals for 10 seconds at each grid location. The mean of the grid velocities were averaged for the opening to determine the overall average face velocity. The mean grid velocities can be used to evaluate spatial and temporal variation of velocities across the opening. Refer to Figure 1.

Figure 1: Diagram of hood opening showing face velocity traverse locations


Cross Draft Tests Potentially interfering cross drafts were measured in front of the hood opening with a pair of calibrated thermo-anemometers. Measurements were made with the probes positioned vertically and horizontally parallel to the side edge of the hood approximately 5 feet above the floor and approximately 18 inches from the left, center, and right edge of the hood enclosure. Cross draft velocities were recorded at one-second intervals for 30 seconds and averaged. Velocity of air flowing into the hood due to exhaust flow has negligible effect on cross draft velocities. Refer to Figure 2 for a diagram of cross draft test locations.

Figure 2: Plan and elevation diagram showing location of cross draft measurements.

Airflow Visualization Tests Smoke was generated in the hood and around the periphery of the opening using a Rosco Fog Generator. Smoke patterns were observed to identify escape and reverse flow zones. A low volume of smoke was generated along the periphery of the opening and inside the hood at approximately 6 inches inside the plane of the sash (low-flow). A high volume of smoke was also discharged inside the hood and the clearance time and smoke patterns were noted (high-flow). Observations were rated subjectively based on the table provided in the following section "Recommended Performance Criteria."


Tracer Gas Tests The tracer gas containment tests were conducted to evaluate and quantify the potential for contaminant escape in the presence of a mannequin. A mannequin was used to simulate the presence of a hood user. The mannequin was positioned at the left, center and right of the hood opening with the nose approximately 3 inches in front of the plane of the sash. A tracer gas, Sulfur Hexafluoride, was released from an ASHRAE 110 ejector at 4 liters per minute (lpm) 6 inches behind the plane of the sash directly in front of the mannequin. Breathing zone concentrations were measured every second for 5 minutes in each test location using a calibrated USON Qualichek 200 Trace Gas Leak Detector. The leak detector was calibrated against a calibration gas standard immediately prior to the start of tests and validated after tests were conducted. Average, minimum and maximum breathing zone concentrations were determined from the data. The leak detector has an upper limit of detection of 2.00 parts per million (ppm). Refer to Figure 3 for a diagram of the test configuration.

Figure 3: Configuration of mannequin at hood opening during tracer gas tests.


Periphery Scan Test The Periphery Scan Test was conducted by configuring the sash to the maximum vertical operational opening and positioning the SF6 ejector at the center of the hood opening as described above for the Tracer Gas Test. The periphery of the hood’s opening was then scanned with the USON Qualichek 200 Trace Gas Leak Detector’s probe to determine areas of possible containment loss. While standing away from the face of the hood, the probe was held 1 inch away from the edge of the hood opening and moved slowly around the opening at a rate of approximately 3 inches per second for 120 seconds to identify any potential leakage points. Sash Movement Effect (SME) Test

The Sash Movement Effect Test consisted of recording tracer gas escape data while raising and lowering the sash at a rate of approximately 1.5 feet per second. The sash was closed for approximately 30 seconds and opened for approximately 60 seconds throughout the five-minute test. The values for tracer gas were recorded at a rate of 1 sample per second using a laptop computer and data acquisition system. Refer to Figure 4 for a diagram of the test configuration.

Figure 4: Diagram of typical setup of Sash Movement Effect Test


RECOMMENDED PERFORMANCE CRITERIA The following criteria are assembled from industry consensus standards and are provided as an aid in the evaluation of performance data. The criteria are based on SEFA, ANSI Z9.5, ACGIH, and relevant ventilation standards. The criteria apply to the following tests: Smoke Visibility Test – Hood must provide complete containment of the smoke generated within the hood. Containment was determined visually and in the absence of the mannequin. Results are reported as a qualitative judgment of airflow distribution according to the following rating guide:

RATING DESCRIPTION

FAIL • Smoke was visually observed escaping from the hood

LOW PASS (Poor)

• Reverse flow of smoke is evident near opening • Lazy flow into hood along openings • Slow capture and clearance • Observed potential for escape

PASS (Fair)

• Some Reverse flow in hood not necessarily at opening • Limited turbulent vortex flow inside hood • Smoke is captured and clears readily • No visible escape

HIGH PASS (Good)

• Good capture and quick clearance • Limited vortex flow inside hood • No reverse flow regions • No visible escape

Face Velocity Test – Hood should have a minimum average face velocity of 50-60 fpm at the low volume setting. The face velocity readings should not vary more than 20% of the mean between grid locations. Cross Draft Test – Cross draft velocities should not exceed 50 fpm near the hood opening. Ideally, cross draft velocities should be less than 30 fpm. High cross draft velocities are particularly detrimental to hood performance when sashes are opened beyond the design operational opening. Tracer Gas Challenge Test – Hood should provide containment of tracer gas below an average of 0.10 ppm measured for a period of 5 minutes in the breathing zone of a stationary mannequin positioned directly in front of the ejector location. Periphery Scan Test – Hood should provide containment of tracer gas below an average of 0.10 ppm and peak concentrations should be less than 1.00 ppm measured for a period of 2 minutes while scan is conducted. SME Test – The hood should provide containment of tracer gas below an average of 0.10 ppm measured in the breathing zone of a stationary mannequin positioned directly in front of the ejector location.


TEST RESULTS

Table I: Laboratory Fume Hood Performance Test Results

Average Face

Velocity (fpm)

Exhaust Flow1

(cfm)

Tracer Gas Avg.2; 3 (ppm) Cross Draft Max Avg.

(fpm)

Smoke Visualization Test

Comments Performance

Rating Left Center Right

Per. Scan

SME Horiz. Vert. Low High

41 502

<0.01 <0.01 <0.01 0.01 <0.01

16 20

Pass (Fair)

Pass (Fair)

ASHRAE 110 test, hood clear, 40 fpm test.

Pass

<0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 Pass (Fair)

Pass (Fair)

ASHRAE 110 test, hood box-loaded per NIH standard, 40 fpm test.

Pass

Table I Notes: 1. Calculated Exhaust Flow (cfm) = measured average face velocity (fpm) x face opening area (sq.ft). 2. 5-minute avg. tracer gas concentration in mannequin’s breathing zone. 3. 2 minute avg. tracer gas concentration for periphery scan test (refer to Appendix B – Test Data Sheets for max concentration readings).


STANDARD OPERATING PROCEDURES FOR HOOD USE

The following is a list of guidelines for working in the fume hood:

1. Minimize the sash opening when possible.

2. Do not adjust baffle positions.

3. Elevate contaminants and equipment 1-2 inches above the work surface within the hood(s).

4. If equipment and material storage are necessary, locate along the sidewalls or well away from the point of contaminant generation. Do not store any equipment that restricts the closing of the sash or blocks the bottom slot of the baffle directly in front of the employee.

5. Keep movements in the hood and in front of the hood to a minimum.

6. Keep movements within the lab to a minimum while working in the hood(s). Traffic past the hood(s) can generate considerable cross drafts.

7. Keep head and upper body outside the plane of the hood(s) opening at all times.

8. Always approach and withdraw from hood(s) slowly. Open and close the sash slowly.

APPENDIX A

Certificates of Calibration

APPENDIX B

Hood Information and Performance Test Data Sheets

Datasheet - Laboratory Hood Performance Test ResultsReport printed on 2/9/2017

Company Name:

MainBuilding Name:

Kewaunee Test LabLaboratory:

Hood: Venturi 6 foot

Conditions:

Height

Full open sash Sash Opening:

3Cycle Index:

1/24/2017Date:

28 inches

Baffle Opening:

63 inches

Apparatus In Hood:

12.25 ft^2

Monitor Reading - As Found:

0 ft^2 12.25 ft^2

No Clear for tests.

n/a

DAQCollection Method:

Pass (Fair)Low Volume Rating:

Comments: Lazy and reverse flow along worksurface. Reverse flow in corners of opening. Reverse flow within six inches of opening. Turbulent vortex in top of hood.

Positions: Left

PassCycle Rating:

Width Major Area Additional Area Total Area

Normal

Opening Dimensions:

Test Comments: ASHRAE 110 test, 40 fpm test.

Smoke Visibility Test Results:

Pass (Fair)High Volume Rating:

Cross-Draft Test Results:

Center Right

Horiz.: Max:

Avg: 2 14 16

18 23 23

25 16 21

20 9 7

Vertical Max:

Avg:

Perpend.: Max:

Avg:

DAQCollection Method:Hood Face-Velocity Test Results:

42 42 36 42 43 42

36 37 42 38 36 40

40 45 45 40 40 44

Row 1

Row 2

Row 3

Row 4

Row 5

Row 6

Row 7

Row 8

Col 1 Col 2 Col 3 Col 4 Col 5 Col 6 Col 7 Col 8 Col 9 Col 10 Col 11 Col 12

41Avg:

45Max:

36Min:

502Exhaust

Flow:

fpm

fpm

fpm

cfm

Left Center Right

0.00 0.00 0.00

0.00 0.00 0.00

0.00 0.00 0.00

DAQ

1 2 3 4

Collection Method:Tracer Gas Test Results:

Tested:

Maximum:

Average:

Minimum:

Position:

ppm

ppm

ppm

Max Avg

As Left: n/a

Diff. Pressure Occupied: Un-Occupied:

3Cycle:1/24/2017Date:Venturi 6 footHood:

Average:

Maximum:

Minimum:

Left

.00

.00

.00

Center

.00

.00

.00

Right

.00

.00

.00

0.000.100.200.300.400.500.600.700.800.901.00

Es

ca

pe

-pp

m

30 60 90 120 150 180 210 240 270 300Seconds

0.000.100.200.300.400.500.600.700.800.901.00

Es

ca

pe

-pp

m

30 60 90 120 150 180 210 240 270 300Seconds

0.000.100.200.300.400.500.600.700.800.901.00

Es

ca

pe

-pp

m

30 60 90 120 150 180 210 240 270 300Seconds

0.000.010.020.030.040.050.060.070.080.090.10

Es

ca

pe

-pp

m

30 60 90 120 150 180 210 240 270 300Seconds

Plots of Tracer Gas Containment Report printed on 2/9/2017

3Cycle:

1/24/2017Date:

Venturi 6 footHood: Full open sash Sash Opening:

Other Test Conditions: ASHRAE 110 test, 40 fpm test.

SME Test

1 .. 300 seconds

Average:

Maximum:

Minimum:

3

17

0

1

7

0

0

0

0

Flow Response Cross Draft Tracer Gas Escape


0.00

50.00

100.00

150.00

200.00

Ve

loc

ity =

fp

m

0.00

0.10

0.20

0.30

0.40

0.50

0.60

0.70

0.80

0.90

1.00

0 300

Seconds

Report printed on 2/9/2017

1# Samples:

300Sample Duration:

1# Samples per Second:

N/ASpeed of Response Rating:

Speed of Response Time:

N/AStability Rating:

Stability Percent Variation:

VAV Comment:


Company Name:

MainBuilding Name:



Conditions:

Height


4Cycle Index:

1/24/2017Date:

28 inches

Baffle Opening:

63 inches

Apparatus In Hood:

12.25 ft^2


0 ft^2 12.25 ft^2

No Clear for tests.

n/a

Collection Method:

Low Volume Rating:

Comments:

Positions:

PassCycle Rating:


Normal

Opening Dimensions:

Test Comments: Periphery scan, ASHRAE 110 40 fpm test.


High Volume Rating:


Horiz.: Max:

Avg:

Vertical Max:

Avg:

Perpend.: Max:

Avg:

Collection Method:Hood Face-Velocity Test Results:

Row 1

Row 2

Row 3

Row 4

Row 5

Row 6

Row 7

Row 8


Avg:

Max:

Min:

ExhaustFlow:

P-scan

0.05

0.01

0.00

DAQ

1 2 3 4


Tested:

Maximum:

Average:

Minimum:

Position:

ppm

ppm

ppm

As Left: n/a



Average:

Maximum:

Minimum:

P-scan

.01

.05

.00

0.000.100.200.300.400.500.600.700.800.901.00

Es

ca

pe

-pp

m

12 24 36 48 60 72 84 96 108 120Seconds

0.000.010.020.030.040.050.060.070.080.090.10

Es

ca

pe

-pp

m

12 24 36 48 60 72 84 96 108 120Seconds

0.000.010.020.030.040.050.060.070.080.090.10

Es

ca

pe

-pp

m

12 24 36 48 60 72 84 96 108 120Seconds

0.000.010.020.030.040.050.060.070.080.090.10

Es

ca

pe

-pp

m

12 24 36 48 60 72 84 96 108 120Seconds



Company Name:

MainBuilding Name:



Conditions:

Height


5Cycle Index:

1/24/2017Date:

28 inches

Baffle Opening:

63 inches

Apparatus In Hood:

12.25 ft^2


0 ft^2 12.25 ft^2

Yes Box-loaded per NIH.

n/a

DAQCollection Method:

Pass (Fair)Low Volume Rating:

Comments: Lazy and reverse flow along worksurface. Reverse flow in corners of opening. Reverse flow within six inches of opening. Turbulent vortex in top of hood.

Positions: Left

PassCycle Rating:


Normal

Opening Dimensions:

Test Comments: Box-loaded ASHRAE 110, 40 fpm test.


Pass (Fair)High Volume Rating:


Center Right

Horiz.: Max:

Avg: 2 14 16

18 23 23

25 16 21

20 9 7

Vertical Max:

Avg:

Perpend.: Max:

Avg:

DAQCollection Method:Hood Face-Velocity Test Results:

42 42 36 42 43 42

36 37 42 38 36 40

40 45 45 40 40 44

Row 1

Row 2

Row 3

Row 4

Row 5

Row 6

Row 7

Row 8


41Avg:

45Max:

36Min:

502Exhaust

Flow:

fpm

fpm

fpm

cfm

Left Center Right

0.04 0.00 0.00

0.00 0.00 0.00

0.00 0.00 0.00

DAQ

1 2 3 4


Tested:

Maximum:

Average:

Minimum:

Position:

ppm

ppm

ppm

Max Avg

As Left: n/a



Average:

Maximum:

Minimum:

Left

.00

.04

.00

Center

.00

.00

.00

Right

.00

.00

.00

0.000.100.200.300.400.500.600.700.800.901.00

Es

ca

pe

-pp

m

30 60 90 120 150 180 210 240 270 300Seconds

0.000.100.200.300.400.500.600.700.800.901.00

Es

ca

pe

-pp

m

30 60 90 120 150 180 210 240 270 300Seconds

0.000.100.200.300.400.500.600.700.800.901.00

Es

ca

pe

-pp

m

30 60 90 120 150 180 210 240 270 300Seconds

0.000.010.020.030.040.050.060.070.080.090.10

Es

ca

pe

-pp

m

30 60 90 120 150 180 210 240 270 300Seconds


5Cycle:

1/24/2017Date:

Venturi 6 footHood: Full open sash Sash Opening:

Other Test Conditions: Box-loaded ASHRAE 110, 40 fpm test.

SME Test

1 .. 300 seconds

Average:

Maximum:

Minimum:

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

1

0



0.00

50.00

100.00

150.00

200.00

Ve

loc

ity =

fp

m

0.00

0.10

0.20

0.30

0.40

0.50

0.60

0.70

0.80

0.90

1.00

0 300

Seconds

Report printed on 2/9/2017

1# Samples:

300Sample Duration:

1# Samples per Second:

N/ASpeed of Response Rating:

Speed of Response Time:

N/AStability Rating:

Stability Percent Variation:

VAV Comment:


Company Name:

MainBuilding Name:



Conditions:

Height


6Cycle Index:

1/24/2017Date:

28 inches

Baffle Opening:

63 inches

Apparatus In Hood:

12.25 ft^2


0 ft^2 12.25 ft^2

Yes Box-loaded per NIH.

n/a

Collection Method:

Low Volume Rating:

Comments:

Positions:

PassCycle Rating:


Normal

Opening Dimensions:

Test Comments: Periphery scan, Box-loaded ASHRAE 110, 40 fpm test.


High Volume Rating:


Horiz.: Max:

Avg:

Vertical Max:

Avg:

Perpend.: Max:

Avg:

Collection Method:Hood Face-Velocity Test Results:

Row 1

Row 2

Row 3

Row 4

Row 5

Row 6

Row 7

Row 8


Avg:

Max:

Min:

ExhaustFlow:

Center

0.11

0.00

0.00

DAQ

1 2 3 4


Tested:

Maximum:

Average:

Minimum:

Position:

ppm

ppm

ppm

As Left: n/a



Average:

Maximum:

Minimum:

Center

.00

.11

.00

0.000.100.200.300.400.500.600.700.800.901.00

Es

ca

pe

-pp

m

12 24 36 48 60 72 84 96 108 120Seconds

0.000.010.020.030.040.050.060.070.080.090.10

Es

ca

pe

-pp

m

12 24 36 48 60 72 84 96 108 120Seconds

0.000.010.020.030.040.050.060.070.080.090.10

Es

ca

pe

-pp

m

12 24 36 48 60 72 84 96 108 120Seconds

0.000.010.020.030.040.050.060.070.080.090.10

Es

ca

pe

-pp

m

12 24 36 48 60 72 84 96 108 120Seconds


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