stress trq
TRANSCRIPT
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Monday, August 31
• Objective: Define Stress and describe the physical and emotional changes associated with stress
• Homework Due
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Effects of Stress
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How stressed are you?
• Take this stress assessment to find out
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Stress
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Stress
• The process by which we perceive and respond to certain events, called stressors, that we appraise as threatening or challenging
• Is a process of perceiving and responding
• The response is called a stress reaction
• TRQ: #27
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Health Psychology
• A subfield of psychology that focuses on how stress affects our well being and health
• TRQ: #28
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Stress:Responding to Stress
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• Regardless of the stressor, the body reacts by increasing the amount of blood sugar and adrenaline.
• These responses are designed to prepare a person for self-defense and are often called the fight-or-flight response.
• However, if stress persists for a long time, the body’s resources are used up.
Walter Canon’s Fight-or-Flight Response
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Walter Canon’s Fight-or-Flight Response
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Responding to Stress
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Responding to Stress
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Responding to Stress
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Hans Selye (1907-1982)
• Psychologist who researched recurring responses to stress the he called the general adaptation syndrome (GAS)
• Discovered various chemicals caused stress reactions in animals
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General Adaptation Syndrome
• Sylye’s concept of the body’s adaptive response to stress in three stages– Alarm
– Resistance
– Exhaustion
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General Adaptation Syndrome
• Alarm Reaction – nervous system activated in response to stressor
• Resistance – body responds with physiological reactions to cope with the stressor
• Exhaustion – body’s resistance to stress is depleted (physical deterioration); this is when we are most likely to get sick
• TRQ: #30, 31
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General Adaptation Syndrome
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General Adaptation Syndrome
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General Adaptation Syndrome
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Stress:Stressful Events
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Daily Stress
• Stress can be caused by:– Typical demands of the day– Living situations– Economic difficulties
– TRQ: #33
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Burnout
• Physical, emotional, and mental exhaustion brought on by persistent job-related stress
• Burnout can result in:
– Depression
– Decreased performance
– Cynicism
– TRQ: #32
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Significant Life Changes
• Stress can be the result of personal life changes– Death of a loved one– Leaving home for college
• Can result in health problems
• TRQ: #33
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Catastrophes
• Large scale stress events (i.e. earthquakes, floods, war, etc.)
• Prolonged exposure can lead to physical and psychological problems.
• TRQ: #33
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Do you think life events affect stress?
• Take this quiz to find out
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Tuesday, September 1
• Objective: Evaluate how outlook and feelings of control influence health; and evaluate how social support and positive emotional experiences contribute to health and well-being
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Effects of Perceived Control
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Perceived Control
• The sense of control or influence one has over stressful events in one’s life
• Most studies suggest the lower the perceived control the larger the potential for health-related problems
• Lower perceived control leads to a lowered immunity to disease.
• TRQ: #34
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Rodin’s nursing home study
• J. Rodin’s study took place in 1976.
• He separated nursing home patients into two groups: those that could choose how they wanted to decorate their rooms, and those that could not
• He found that those who were given the choice on decorations were happier, lived longer, and some actually recovered from their illness
• TRQ: #35
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Optimism
• A generally positive outlook on the future
• Optimists have stronger immune systems and recover faster from health problems.
• Opposite of pessimism
• TRQ: #36
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Stress Hormones
• Hormones released in response to stress
• The body must work to rid the body of the stress hormones.
• Pessimism and perceived lack of control both produce more stress hormones.
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Stress and Disease:Cancer and Stress
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Stress-Cancer Connection
• Evidence for a connection is not conclusive.
• Two conclusions:
– Stress does not create cancer cells.
– Stress affects the body’s malignancy- fighting ability.
– TRQ: #37
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Stress and Disease:Stress and Heart
Problems
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Type A
• Term for competitive, hard-driving, impatient, verbally aggressive, and anger-prone.
• More prone to heart attacks and other stress related illnesses.
• TRQ: #38, 39
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Type B
• Individuals who are easygoing, relaxed people
• TRQ: #38, 39
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Which type are you?
• Take this assessment to find out.
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Promoting Wellness
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Introduction
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Martin Seligman (1942- )
• American psychologist
• Proponent of positive psychology
• Former president of the APA
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Wellness
• The common result of a healthy lifestyle and healthy attitudes
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Healthy Lifestyles:Exercise
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Benefits of Daily Exercise
• Effective in reducing anxiety and depression
• Leads to greater self confidence and self discipline
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Exercise and Mental Health
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Healthy Lifestyles:Family and Friends
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Benefits of Social Support
• Social support – makes people feel liked and wanted
• Social support leads to:
– Less physical problems
– More pleasure in life
– Longer life span
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Healthy Lifestyles:The Faith Factor
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Benefits of Religious Activity
• Studies suggest those involved in religion tend to live longer
• Factors of religion contributing to longer life include:– Religion promotes healthy lifestyles.– Religious involvement offers social
support.– Many religions promote optimism.
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Benefits of Religious Activity
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The Faith Factor Explained
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The Faith Factor Explained
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The Faith Factor Explained
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The Faith Factor Explained
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The Faith Factor Explained
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Positive Experiences and Well-Being
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Positive Psychology
• Subfield of psychology that focuses on the study of optimal human functioning and the factors that allow individuals and communities to thrive
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Well-being
• Concept that includes life satisfaction, feelings of fulfillment, pleasant emotions, and low level of unpleasant emotions
• Person judges life as satisfying, fulfilling, and “going well”
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Positive Experiences and Well-Being:
Flow
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Flow
• A state of optimal experience that involves– A challenge
– Requires skill
– Has clear goals and
– Provides feedback
• People do the activity for its own sake.
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Positive Experiences and Well-Being:
Happiness
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Characteristics of Happy People
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Positive Experiences and Well-Being:
Optimism
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Explanatory Style
• Habits we have for thinking about the good or bad causes of events
• Can be optimistic or pessimistic
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Optimism
• The tendency to expect the best
• Believe bad events are:
– Temporary
– Not their fault
– Will not have broader effects beyond the present circumstances
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Pessimism
• The tendency to expect the worst
• Tend to blame themselves for bad situations
• Tend to see the negative as permanent in nature
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Overcoming Illness-Related
Behaviors:Smoking
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Dangers of Smoking
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Nicotine
• The behavioral stimulant found in tobacco
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Withdrawal
• The discomfort and distress that follows discontinuing the use of an addictive drug such as nicotine
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10 Guidelines to Quitting Smoking
• 1. Set a specific date to quit.
• 2. Inform other people of your plans.
• 3. Get rid of all cigarettes.
• 4. Review previous attempts to quit and anticipate challenges.
• 5. Use a nicotine patch or gum.
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10 Guidelines to Quitting Smoking(continued)
• 6. Be totally abstinent.
• 7. Avoid alcohol.
• 8. Quit together with family or friends who also smoke (especially those at home or work).
• 9. Avoid places where others smoke.
• 10. Exercise regularly.
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Wednesday, September 2
• Objective: Evaluate how social support and positive emotional experiences contribute to health and well-being
• Assignment: Watch Stress: Portrait of a Killer and complete the video guide. This will be due at the end of class.
• Unit One Vocab Quiz is tomorrow…bring your notes and test review with you!
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Thursday, September 3
• Objective: Use psychology terminology correctly
• Assignment: Unit One Vocabulary Quiz (you may use your notes and test review on this quiz)
• Assignment: Complete Unit One test review in class (due tomorrow)
• Unit One Test is tomorrow!
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Friday, September 7
• Objective: Demonstrate mastery of memory and stress unit
• Assignment: Unit One Test (you may use a notecard on this test if you completed the “About Me” collage)
• When you finish your test, please sit quietly and do not talk until everyone is finished
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The End