Student of group 0431

Fomina L.

Vacuum Distillation

History of Distillation

Distillation was developed into its modern form with the invention of the alembic by Islamic alchemist Jabir ibn Hayyan in around 800 AD.

Instruments Of Alchemists For Distillation

Vacuum DistillationVacuum distillation is a technique that uses a vacuum to extract analytes from a sample. A condensingcolumn is used inthe technique to condense water that may also be present in the sample. A cryogenically cooled trap (cryotrap) is used to condense the

compounds of interest.

Laboratory distillation plant

1,2-flask with mixture;

3-condensing column;

4-thermometer;

5-vacuum;

6- water outlet ;

7-cold water inlet;

8-distillate.

The Modern Laboratory Distillation Plant

Distillation in Use1. Separating Crude Oil into more Fractions

(for specific uses such as transport, power generation and heating)

• 2.Distillation of Water (separating salt from sea water)

• 3. Distillation of Air

1. Oxygen (for medical application);

2. Helium (for party balloons).

Applications of distillation

Laboratory scale; Industrial

distillation; Distillation of herbs

for perfumery and medicinals (herbal distillate);

Food processing.

Industrial distillation plant

Material Balance

Substance Input, mole Output, mole

i j

HF 0.14 0.01 0.98

BrF3 0.86 0.99 0.02

∑ 1 1 1

Heat BalanceHeat Input,kG/24h Output,kG/24h

Heat using in distillation

— 384

Loses of heating

— 214

Heat on heating construction

materials

— 4

Heat from warmer

602 —

∑ 602 602