studi literature pengaruh pursed lip breathing …
TRANSCRIPT
STUDI LITERATURE PENGARUH PURSED LIP
BREATHING TERHADAP DISPNEA DAN PENINGKATAN
SATURASI OKSIGEN PADA PASIEN PENYAKIT PARU
OBSTRUKTIF KRONIS
SKRIPSI
Oleh :
MASAH ZAHIROH PUTRIYANA
201710420311172
PROGRAM STUDI ILMU KEPERAWATAN
FAKULTAS ILMU KESEHATAN
UNIVERSITAS MUHAMMADIYAH MALANG
2021
STUDI LITERATURE PENGARUH PURSED LIP
BREATHING TERHADAP DISPNEA DAN PENINGKATAN
SATURASI OKSIGEN PADA PASIEN PENYAKIT PARU
OBSTRUKTIF KRONIS
SKRIPSI
Untuk Memenuhi Persyaratan Mencapai Derajat
Sarjana Keperawatan (S.Kep) pada Program Studi Ilmu Keperawatan
Fakultas Ilmu Kesehatan Universitas Muhammadiyah Malang
Oleh :
MASAH ZAHIROH PUTRIYANA
201710420311172
PROGRAM STUDI ILMU KEPERAWATAN
FAKULTAS ILMU KESEHATAN
UNIVERSITAS MUHAMMADIYAH MALANG
2021
i
LEMBAR PENGESAHAN
LEMBAR PENGESAHAN
ii
SURAT PERNYATAAN KEASLIAN PENELITIAN
iii
KATA PENGANTAR
Puji dan syukur saya panjatkan kehadirat Allah SWT, berkat rahmat dan
bimbingan-Nya saya dapat menyelesaikan skripsi dengan judul “Studi Literature
Pengaruh Pursed Lip Breathing Terhadap Dispnea Dan Peningkatan Saturasi Oksigen
Pada Pasien Penyakit Paru Obstruktif Kronis”. Skripsi ini merupakan salah satu syarat
untuk memperoleh gelar sarjana keperawatan (S.Kep) pada Program Studi Ilmu
Keperawatan Fakultas Ilmu Kesehatan Universitas Muhammadiyah Malang.
Bersamaan dengan ini, maka perkenankanlah saya untuk mengucapkan
terimakasih yang sebesar-besarnya kepada :
1. Bapak Faqih Ruhyanuddin, M.Kep. Sp.Kep.MB selaku Dekan Fakultas
Ilmu Kesehatan Universitas Muhammadiyah Malang.
2. Ibu Nur Lailatul Masruroh, S.Kep.Ns. MNS selaku Ketua Program
Studi Ilmu Keperawatan.
3. Ibu Titik Agustyaningsih, S.Kep., Ns., M.Kep selaku Dosen
Pembimbing yang telah memberikan kontribusi yang sangat besar
selama penyusunan skripsi ini.
iv
4. Bapak Faqih Ruhyanudin, M.Kep. Sp.Kep.MB, Ibu Anis Ika Nur
Rohmah, M.Kep. Sp.Kep.MB, dan Ibu Indah Dwi Pratiwi, M.Ng
selaku penguji dalam hasil skripsi saya yang sudah memberi masukan
serta saran untuk hasil skripsi saya yang lebih baik lagi.
5. Kedua orang tua bunda Masnah dan ayah Misyanto yang tiada henti
memberikan support dan doa selama ini.
6. Adikku Miftahur Raihan Priyanto yang selalu mendoakan agar skripsi
ini lancar, serta Kakakku Hasni Nur Fariqoh atas motivasi yang
diberikan dan selalu menjadi penyemangat untuk saya dalam
menyelesaikan skripsi ini.
7. Teman-teman Squade Riza Nita H, Ellen Denada, M. Nur Alfian,
Ananda Rifqi F., Abiyosi Bayhaqi, dan M. Shilham Robith yang selalu
memberikan hiburan di kala penat.
8. Teman kos tercinta Tri Pemilu Wati, Laliyatul Maghfirah, Dzilfiyah, Lia
Novita Sari, dan Fatimatus Zahroh yang selalu ada di saat senang dan
sedih dalam menyelesaikan skripsi ini.
9. Dan semua pihak yang telah membantu penyelesaian skripsi ini.
Malang, 4 Februari 2021
Penulis
v
DAFTAR ISI
LEMBAR PENGESAHAN ............................................................................................... i
LEMBAR PENGESAHAN ..............................................................................................ii
SURAT PERNYATAAN KEASLIAN PENELITIAN ........................................... iii
KATA PENGANTAR ....................................................................................................... iv
ABSTRAK ............................................................................................................................. vi
DAFTAR ISI ...................................................................................................................... viii
DAFTAR GAMBAR ......................................................................................................... xii
DAFTAR TABEL............................................................................................................. xiii
DAFTAR LAMPIRAN ................................................................................................... xiv
BAB I ...................................................................................................................................... 1
PENDAHULUAN .............................................................................................................. 1
1.1 Latar Belakang ........................................................................................................ 1
1.2 Rumusan Masalah .................................................................................................. 5
1.3 Tujuan ..................................................................................................................... 6
1.4 Manfaat ................................................................................................................... 6
1.5 Keaslian Penelitian ................................................................................................ 7
BAB II ................................................................................................................................... 11
TINJAUAN PUSTAKA ................................................................................................... 11
2.1 Konsep Dasar PPOK ......................................................................................... 11
2.1.1 Pengertian PPOK ............................................................................................ 11
2.1.2 Etiologi PPOK ................................................................................................ 11
2.1.3 Klasifikasi PPOK ............................................................................................ 13
2.1.4 Patofisiologi ...................................................................................................... 15
2.1.5 Faktor Risiko .................................................................................................... 15
vi
2.1.6 Manifestasi Klinis ............................................................................................ 16
2.1.7 Komplikasi ....................................................................................................... 17
2.2 Konsep Saturasi Oksigen ................................................................................... 18
2.2.1 Pengertian saturasi oksigen ............................................................................ 18
2.2.2 Penyebab penurunan saturasi oksigen pada pasien PPOK ....................... 19
2.3 Konsep dyspnea ................................................................................................... 20
2.3.1 Pengertian dyspnea ............................................................................................ 20
2.3.2 Penyebab dyspnea pada pasien PPOK ........................................................... 20
2.4 Konsep Pursed Lip Breathing ........................................................................... 21
2.4.1 Pengertian pursed lip breathing .......................................................................... 21
2.4.2 Teknik ............................................................................................................... 21
2.5 Pengaruh pursed lip breathing terhadap dyspnea dan peningkatan saturasi
oksigen pada pasien PPOK ............................................................................................ 23
BAB III ................................................................................................................................. 25
METODE PENELITIAN ............................................................................................. 25
3.1 Desain Penelitian ................................................................................................. 25
3.2 Tahapan Studi Literature .................................................................................... 25
3.2.1 Protokol dan Registrasi ................................................................................... 25
3.3 Identifikasi Masalah ............................................................................................. 27
3.4 Pencarian Database ............................................................................................. 27
3.5 Screening ............................................................................................................... 27
3.5.1 Kata Kunci ....................................................................................................... 27
3.5.2 Kriteria Inklusi dan Eksklusi ......................................................................... 28
3.6 Penilaian Kualitas ................................................................................................ 29
3.6.1 Hasil Pencarian dan Penilaian Kualitas ........................................................ 29
vii
3.6.2 Penilaian Kualitas ............................................................................................ 30
3.7 Ekstraksi Data ...................................................................................................... 30
BAB IV ................................................................................................................................. 31
HASIL PENELITIAN .................................................................................................... 31
4.1 Deskripsi Jurnal yang di Review ........................................................................ 31
4.1.1 Karakteristik Jurnal Penelitian ....................................................................... 31
4.1.2 Karakteristik Peserta ....................................................................................... 32
4.1.3 Demografi Wilayah ......................................................................................... 32
4.2 Deskripsi Jurnal yang Di Review ....................................................................... 32
4.2.1 Pengaruh Pursed Lips Breathing Terhadap Dispnea ...................................... 33
4.2.2 Pengaruh Pursed Lips Breathing Terhadap Saturasi Oksigen ....................... 35
4.2.3 Pengaruh Pursed Lip Breathing Terhadap Dyspnea dan Saturasi Oksigen ... 37
4.3 Analisa Data ......................................................................................................... 38
4.3.1 Memahami Data .............................................................................................. 38
BAB V ................................................................................................................................... 39
PEMBAHASAN ................................................................................................................ 39
5.1 Pengaruh Pursed Lip Breathing terhadap Dispnea ........................................ 39
5.2 Pengaruh Pursed Lip Breathing terhadap Peningkatan Saturasi Oksigen ... 42
5.3 Pengaruh Pursed Lips Breathing Terhadap Dispnea dan Saturasi Oksigen
pada Pasien PPOK .......................................................................................................... 45
BAB VI ................................................................................................................................. 48
KESIMPULAN DAN SARAN ...................................................................................... 48
6.1 Kesimpulan ........................................................................................................... 48
6.2 Saran ...................................................................................................................... 48
6.2.1 Bagi Institusi ..................................................................................................... 48
viii
6.2.2 Bagi Peneliti Selanjutnya ................................................................................. 48
DAFTAR PUSTAKA ........................................................................................................ 50
Lampiran .............................................................................................................................. 59
ix
DAFTAR GAMBAR
Gambar 2.1. Teknik Pursed Lip Breathing (Leskovsek et al., 2014) ............................. 23
Gambar 3.2 Alur Pencarian Data (PRISMA) .......................................................... 26
x
DAFTAR TABEL
Tabel 3.5.1 Kata Kunci Literature Review Berbahasa Indonesia dan Bahasa Inggris ... 27
Tabel 3.5.2 Format PICOS dalam Literature Review .................................................. 29
xi
DAFTAR LAMPIRAN
Lampiran 1. Proses Pencarian ................................................................................. 59
Lampiran 2. Instrumen JBI ..................................................................................... 61
Lampiran 3. Pencarian Database............................................................................. 65
Lampiran 4. Penulisan JBI ...................................................................................... 65
Lampiran 5. Ekstraksi Data .................................................................................... 68
50
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