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Addis Ababa, Ethiopia 2–27 February 2015
STUDY MATERIALS LAW OF TREATIES
& STATE RESPONSIBILITY
Codification Division of the United Nations Office of Legal Affairs
Copyright © United Nations, 2014
-
Addis Ababa, Ethiopia 2–27 February 2015
MR. SANTIAGO VILLALPANDO
Codification Division of the United Nations Office of Legal Affairs
Copyright © United Nations, 2014
-
LAW OF TREATIES Legal Instruments and Documents 1. Vienna Convention on the Law of Treaties, 1969
For text, see The Work of the International Law Commission, 8th ed., vol. II
2. Vienna Convention on the Law of Treaties between States and International Organizations or between International Organizations, 1986 For text, see The Work of the International Law Commission, 8th ed., vol. II
3. Guide to Practice on Reservations to Treaties, 2011 For text, see The Work of the International Law Commission, 8th ed., vol. II
4. United Nations General Assembly resolution 2166 (XXI) of 5 December 1966 (International conference of plenipotentiaries on the law of treaties)
12
5. United Nations Conference on the Law of Treaties, First Session, Vienna, 26 March-24 May 1968, Official Records: Summary records of the first plenary meeting, 26 March 1968, paras. 15-49 (“Question of participation in the Conference”)
16
6. United Nations Conference on the Law of Treaties, Second Session, Vienna, 9 April-22 May 1969, Official Records: Summary records of the thirty-fourth plenary meeting, paras. 26-85; Summary records of the thirty-fifth plenary meeting, paras. 1-50; Summary records of the thirty-sixth plenary meeting, paras. 1-3 and 12-75.
24
7. Treaty Handbook. Prepared by the Treaty Section of the Office of Legal Affairs, United Nations, 2013
50
8. Final Clauses of Multilateral Treaties. Handbook. Prepared by the Treaty Section of the Office of Legal Affairs, United Nations, 2003
92
STATE RESPONSIBILITY
Legal Instruments and Documents 1. Articles on Responsibility of States for Internationally Wrongful Acts, 2001
For text, see The Work of the International Law Commission, 8th ed., vol. II
2. Draft articles on diplomatic protection, with commentaries (Report of the International Law Commission, Fifty-eighth session (1 May-9 June and 3 July-11 August 2006), A/61/10, p. 22)
166
3. Materials on the Responsibility of States for Internationally Wrongful Acts, United Nations Legislative Series, 2012 (ST/LEG/SER.B/25) (publication distributed)
4. United Nations General Assembly resolutions 56/83 of 12 December 2001, 59/35 of 2 December 2004, 62/61 and 62/67 of 6 December 2007, 65/19 and 65/27 of 6 December 2010, and 68/104 and 68/113 of 16 December 2013
208
Case Law 5. Barcelona Traction, Light and Power Company, Limited (Belgium v. Spain), Second
Phase, Judgment, I.C.J. Reports 1970, p. 3 For relevant excerpts, see Materials on the Responsibility of States for Internationally Wrongful Acts
-
6. United States Diplomatic and Consular Staff in Tehran (United States of America v. Iran), Judgment, I.C.J. Reports 1980, p. 3 For relevant excerpts, see Materials on the Responsibility of States for Internationally Wrongful Acts
7. Military and Paramilitary Activities in and against Nicaragua (Nicaragua v. United States of America), Merits, Judgment, I.C.J. Reports 1986, p. 14 For relevant excerpts, see Materials on the Responsibility of States for Internationally Wrongful Acts For full text, see Study Materials, Peaceful Settlement of International Disputes
8. Gabčikovo-Nagymaros Project (Hungary/Slovakia), Judgment, I.C.J. Reports 1997, p. 7 For relevant excerpts, see Materials on the Responsibility of States for Internationally Wrongful Acts
9. Prosecutor v. Duško Tadić, ICTY Appeals Chamber, 15 July 1999 (Judgment) For relevant excerpts, see Materials on the Responsibility of States for Internationally Wrongful Acts
10. Legal Consequences of the Construction of a Wall in Occupied Palestinian Territory, Advisory Opinion, I.C.J. Reports 2004, p. 136 For relevant excerpts, see Materials on the Responsibility of States for Internationally Wrongful Acts For full text, see Study Materials, Self-Determination in International Law
11. Application of the Convention on the Prevention and Punishment of the Crime of Genocide (Bosnia and Herzegovina v. Serbia and Montenegro), Merits, Judgment, I.C.J. Report 2007, p. 43 For relevant excerpts, see Materials on the Responsibility of States for Internationally Wrongful Acts
12. Ahmadou Sadio Diallo (Republic of Guinea v. Democratic Republic of the Congo), Preliminary Objections, Judgment, I.C.J. Reports 2007, p. 582
232
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Addis Ababa, Ethiopia 2–27 February 2015
LAW OF TREATIES
Codification Division of the United Nations Office of Legal Affairs
Copyright © United Nations, 2014
-
LAW OF TREATIES MR. SANTIAGO VILLALPANDO
Legal Instruments and Documents 1. Vienna Convention on the Law of Treaties, 1969
For text, see The Work of the International Law Commission, 8th ed., vol. II 2. Vienna Convention on the Law of Treaties between States and International
Organizations or between International Organizations, 1986 For text, see The Work of the International Law Commission, 8th ed., vol. II
3. Guide to Practice on Reservations to Treaties, 2011 For text, see The Work of the International Law Commission, 8th ed., vol. II
4. United Nations General Assembly resolution 2166 (XXI) of 5 December 1966 (International conference of plenipotentiaries on the law of treaties)
12
5. United Nations Conference on the Law of Treaties, First Session, Vienna, 26 March-24 May 1968, Official Records: Summary records of the first plenary meeting, 26 March 1968, paras. 15-49 (“Question of participation in the Conference”)
16
6. United Nations Conference on the Law of Treaties, Second Session, Vienna, 9 April-22 May 1969, Official Records: Summary records of the thirty-fourth plenary meeting, paras. 26-85; Summary records of the thirty-fifth plenary meeting, paras. 1-50; Summary records of the thirty-sixth plenary meeting, paras. 1-3 and 12-75.
24
7. Treaty Handbook. Prepared by the Treaty Section of the Office of Legal Affairs, United Nations, 2013
50
8. Final Clauses of Multilateral Treaties. Handbook. Prepared by the Treaty Section of the Office of Legal Affairs, United Nations, 2003
92
-
General Assembly resolution 2166 (XXI) of 5 December 1966 (International conference of plenipotentiaries on the law of
treaties)
-
12
-
13
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United Nations Conference on the Law of Treaties, First Session, Vienna, 26 March-24 May 1968, Official Records:
Summary records of the first plenary meeting, 26 March 1968 (excerpt)
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16
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18
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19
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20
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21
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United Nations Conference on the Law of Treaties, Second Session, Vienna, 9 April-22 May 1969, Official Records:
Summary records of the thirty-fourth, thirty-fifth and thirty-sixth plenary meetings
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Treaty Handbook
Prepared by the Treaty Section of the Office of Legal Affairs
United Nations, 2013
-
Trea
ty H
andb
ook
Prep
ared
by
the
Trea
ty S
ectio
n of
the
Off
ice
of L
egal
Aff
airs
Uni
ted
Nat
ions
UN
ITED
NA
TIO
NS
PUB
LIC
ATI
ON
Sale
s No.
E.1
2.V
.1
eISB
N-1
3 9
78-9
2-1-
0552
93-6
Dis
clai
mer
This
Han
dboo
kis
pro
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d fo
r inf
orm
atio
n on
ly a
nd d
oes n
ot c
onst
itute
form
al le
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r ot
her p
rofe
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ay w
ish
to se
ek su
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dvic
e be
fore
taki
ng a
ctio
n in
re
latio
n to
mat
ters
desc
ribed
in th
is H
andb
ook
or o
ther
wis
e re
lyin
g on
the
info
rmat
ion
cont
aine
d he
rein
. The
Uni
ted
Nat
ions
ass
umes
no
liabi
lity
for a
ctio
ns u
nder
take
n in
re
lianc
e on
the
info
rmat
ion
cont
aine
d in
this
Han
dboo
k.
Cop
yrig
ht ©
Uni
ted
Nat
ions
2002
-201
2R
evis
ed e
ditio
n of
201
2
All
right
s res
erve
d. N
o pa
rt of
this
pub
licat
ion
may
be re
prod
uced
, sto
red
in a
retri
eval
sy
stem
or t
rans
mitt
ed in
any
form
by
any
mea
ns, i
.e.,
elec
troni
c, m
echa
nica
l, ph
otoc
opyi
ng, r
ecor
ding
or o
ther
wis
e, w
ithou
t the
prio
r writ
ten
perm
issi
on o
f the
Uni
ted
Nat
ions
.
50
-
i
TAB
LE O
F C
ON
TEN
TS
____
____
____
____
__Fo
rew
ord
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
.....
ivA
bbre
viat
ions
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
...vi
1In
trodu
ctio
n....
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
.....
1
2D
epos
iting
mul
tilat
eral
trea
ties.
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
..3
2.1
Secr
etar
y-G
ener
al a
s dep
osita
ry...
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
..3
2.2
Dep
osita
ry fu
nctio
ns o
f the
Sec
reta
ry-G
ener
al...
......
......
......
......
......
......
....3
2.3
Des
igna
tion
of d
epos
itary
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
...3
3Pa
rtici
patin
g in
mul
tilat
eral
trea
ties.
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
.53.
1Si
gnat
ure.
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
....5
3.1.
1In
trodu
ctio
n....
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
...5
3.1.
2O
pen
for s
igna
ture
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
...5
3.1.
3Si
mpl
e si
gnat
ure.
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
.....
53.
1.4
Def
initi
ve si
gnat
ure.
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
63.
2Fu
ll po
wer
s.....
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
...6
3.2.
1Si
gnat
ure
of a
trea
ty w
ithou
t an
inst
rum
ent o
f ful
l pow
ers.
......
......
.....
63.
2.2
Req
uire
men
t of i
nstru
men
t of f
ull p
ower
s....
......
......
......
......
......
......
....6
3.2.
3Fo
rm o
f ins
trum
ent o
f ful
l pow
ers.
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
.73.
2.4
App
oint
men
t with
the
depo
sita
ry fo
r aff
ixin
g si
gnat
ure.
......
......
......
....8
3.3
Con
sent
to b
e bo
und.
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
.....
83.
3.1
Intro
duct
ion.
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
83.
3.2
Rat
ifica
tion.
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
.93.
3.3
Acc
epta
nce
or a
ppro
val..
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
.....
93.
3.4
Acc
essi
on...
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
.....
103.
3.5
Prac
tical
con
side
ratio
ns...
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
.10
3.4
Prov
isio
nal a
pplic
atio
n....
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
..11
3.5
Res
erva
tions
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
....1
23.
5.1
Wha
t are
rese
rvat
ions
?....
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
..12
3.5.
2V
ienn
a C
onve
ntio
n 19
69...
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
.....
123.
5.3
Tim
e fo
r for
mul
atin
g re
serv
atio
ns...
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
...12
3.5.
4Fo
rm o
f res
erva
tions
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
...13
3.5.
5N
otifi
catio
n of
rese
rvat
ions
by
the
depo
sita
ry...
......
......
......
......
......
...13
3.5.
6O
bjec
tions
to re
serv
atio
ns...
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
....1
43.
5.7
With
draw
al o
f res
erva
tions
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
.....
153.
5.8
Mod
ifica
tions
to re
serv
atio
ns...
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
.....
153.
6D
ecla
ratio
ns...
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
.16
3.6.
1In
terp
reta
tive
decl
arat
ions
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
.16
3.6.
2O
ptio
nal a
nd m
anda
tory
dec
lara
tions
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
.16
3.6.
3Ti
me
for f
orm
ulat
ing
decl
arat
ions
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
183.
6.4
Form
of d
ecla
ratio
ns...
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
183.
6.5
Not
ifica
tion
of d
ecla
ratio
ns b
y th
e de
posi
tary
......
......
......
......
......
......
183.
6.6
Obj
ectio
ns to
dec
lara
tions
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
.18
3.7
Not
ifica
tions
……
……
……
……
……
……
……
……
……
……
……
…. 1
9
TAB
LE O
F C
ON
TEN
TS
ii
4K
ey e
vent
s in
a m
ultil
ater
al tr
eaty
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
....2
14.
1O
verv
iew
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
...21
4.2
Entry
into
forc
e....
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
.22
4.2.
1D
efin
itive
ent
ry in
to fo
rce.
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
224.
2.2
Entry
into
forc
e fo
r a S
tate
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
234.
2.3
Prov
isio
nal e
ntry
into
forc
e....
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
.23
4.3
Dis
pute
reso
lutio
n an
d co
mpl
ianc
e m
echa
nism
s....
......
......
......
......
......
....2
44.
4A
men
dmen
ts...
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
254.
4.1
Am
endi
ng tr
eatie
s tha
t hav
e en
tere
d in
to fo
rce.
......
......
......
......
......
...25
4.4.
2A
men
ding
trea
ties t
hat h
ave
not e
nter
ed in
to fo
rce.
......
......
......
......
...26
4.4.
3D
eter
min
ing
the
date
on
whi
ch a
n am
endm
ent e
nter
s int
o fo
rce.
......
.27
4.5
With
draw
al a
nd d
enun
ciat
ion
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
.27
4.6
Term
inat
ion.
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
....2
8
5R
egis
terin
g or
filin
g an
d re
cord
ing
treat
ies.
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
.....
295.
1A
rticl
e 10
2 of
the
Cha
rter o
f the
Uni
ted
Nat
ions
......
......
......
......
......
......
..29
5.2
Reg
ulat
ions
to g
ive
effe
ct to
Arti
cle
102.
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
.29
5.3
Mea
ning
of "
treat
y"an
d "i
nter
natio
nal a
gree
men
t"un
der A
rticl
e 10
2...
.30
5.3.
1R
ole
of th
e Se
cret
aria
t.....
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
..30
5.3.
2Fo
rm...
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
.30
5.3.
3Pa
rties
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
..30
5.3.
4In
tent
ion
to c
reat
e le
gal o
blig
atio
ns u
nder
inte
rnat
iona
l law
......
......
..31
5.4
Type
s of r
egis
tratio
n, fi
ling
and
reco
rdin
g...
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
..31
5.4.
1R
egis
tratio
n w
ith th
e Se
cret
aria
t.....
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
....3
15.
4.2
Filin
g an
d re
cord
ing
by th
e Se
cret
aria
t.....
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
325.
4.3
Ex o
ffici
ore
gist
ratio
n by
the
Uni
ted
Nat
ions
......
......
......
......
......
......
..33
5.5
Type
s of a
gree
men
ts re
gist
ered
or f
iled
and
reco
rded
......
......
......
......
......
335.
5.1
Mul
tilat
eral
trea
ties.
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
....3
35.
5.2
Bila
tera
l tre
atie
s....
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
335.
5.3
Uni
late
ral d
ecla
ratio
ns...
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
...33
5.5.
4Su
bseq
uent
act
ions
, mod
ifica
tions
and
agr
eem
ents
......
......
......
......
....3
45.
6R
equi
rem
ents
for r
egis
tratio
n...
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
....3
45.
7O
utco
me
of re
gist
ratio
n or
filin
g an
d re
cord
ing
......
......
......
......
......
......
...37
5.7.
1D
atab
ase
and
reco
rd...
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
.37
5.7.
2D
ate
of e
ffec
t of r
egis
tratio
n....
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
.....
375.
7.3
Cer
tific
ate
of re
gist
ratio
n....
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
....3
85.
7.4
Publ
icat
ion
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
38
6C
onta
cts w
ith th
e Tr
eaty
Sec
tion:
Pro
cedu
ral I
nfor
mat
ion.
......
......
......
......
......
416.
1G
ener
al in
form
atio
n....
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
416.
1.1
Con
tact
ing
the
Trea
ty S
ectio
n....
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
...41
6.1.
2Fu
nctio
ns o
f the
Tre
aty
Sect
ion.
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
...41
6.1.
3D
eliv
ery
of d
ocum
ents
for d
epos
it....
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
..41
6.1.
4Tr
ansl
atio
ns...
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
..41
6.2
Sign
ing
a m
ultil
ater
al tr
eaty
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
....4
26.
3R
atify
ing,
acc
eptin
g, a
ppro
ving
or a
cced
ing
to a
mul
tilat
eral
trea
ty...
.....
43
51
-
TAB
LE O
F C
ON
TEN
TS
iii
6.4
Mak
ing
a re
serv
atio
n or
dec
lara
tion
to a
mul
tilat
eral
trea
ty...
......
......
......
446.
5D
epos
iting
a m
ultil
ater
al tr
eaty
with
the
Secr
etar
y-G
ener
al...
......
......
......
456.
6R
egis
terin
g or
filin
g an
d re
cord
ing
a tre
aty
with
the
Secr
etar
iat..
......
......
46
Ann
ex 1
–N
ote
verb
ale
from
the
Lega
l Cou
nsel
(ful
l pow
ers)
, 201
0...
......
......
......
.....
47A
nnex
2 –
Not
e ve
rbal
e fr
om th
e Le
gal C
ouns
el (E
xten
sion
of t
ime
limits
to lo
dge
obje
ctio
ns to
late
rese
rvat
ions
), 20
00...
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
..49
Ann
ex 3
–M
odel
inst
rum
ent o
f ful
l pow
ers..
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
....5
1A
nnex
4 –
Mod
el in
stru
men
t of r
atifi
catio
n, a
ccep
tanc
e or
app
rova
l....
......
......
......
.....
52A
nnex
5 –
Mod
el in
stru
men
t of a
cces
sion
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
..53
Ann
ex 6
–M
odel
inst
rum
ent o
f res
erva
tion/
decl
arat
ion.
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
....5
4A
nnex
7 –
Mod
el in
stru
men
t of m
odifi
catio
n of
rese
rvat
ion(
s)...
......
......
......
......
......
..55
A
nnex
8 –
Mod
el in
stru
men
t of w
ithdr
awal
of r
eser
vatio
n(s)
......
......
......
......
......
......
.56
A
nnex
9–
Mod
el c
ertif
ying
stat
emen
t for
regi
stra
tion
or fi
ling
and
reco
rdin
g...
......
...57
Ann
ex 1
0–
Che
cklis
t for
regi
stra
tion.
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
.....
58A
nnex
11
–Se
cret
ary-
Gen
eral
’sB
ulle
tin (S
T/SG
B/2
001/
7)...
......
......
......
......
......
......
..59
Glo
ssar
y...
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
62
iv
FOR
EWO
RD
In it
s Mill
enni
um D
ecla
ratio
n, th
e G
ener
al A
ssem
bly
of th
e U
nite
d N
atio
ns
emph
asiz
ed th
e ne
ed to
stre
ngth
en th
e in
tern
atio
nal r
ule
of la
w, t
hus c
lear
ly h
ighl
ight
ing
a ke
y ar
ea o
f foc
us fo
r the
Uni
ted
Nat
ions
in th
e ne
w m
illen
nium
. The
Sec
reta
ry-G
ener
al
of th
e U
nite
d N
atio
ns h
as a
lso
reaf
firm
ed h
is c
omm
itmen
t to
adva
ncin
g th
e in
tern
atio
nal
rule
of l
aw. T
reat
ies a
re th
e pr
imar
y so
urce
of i
nter
natio
nal l
aw, a
nd th
e Se
cret
ary-
Gen
eral
is th
e m
ain
depo
sita
ry o
f mul
tilat
eral
trea
ties i
n th
e w
orld
. At p
rese
nt, o
ver 5
50m
ultil
ater
al tr
eatie
s are
dep
osite
d w
ith th
e Se
cret
ary-
Gen
eral
.In
orde
r to
enco
urag
e w
ider
pa
rtici
patio
n in
the
mul
tilat
eral
trea
ties d
epos
ited
with
him
, the
Sec
reta
ry-G
ener
al h
as
been
invi
ting
Stat
es to
par
ticip
ate
in a
nnua
l Tre
aty
Even
ts si
nce
the
initi
ativ
e w
as fi
rst
laun
ched
in 2
000.
In a
dditi
on to
the
depo
sita
ry fu
nctio
ns o
f the
Sec
reta
ry-G
ener
al, t
he
Secr
etar
iat h
as p
laye
d a
uniq
ue ro
le in
car
ryin
g ou
t fun
ctio
ns re
late
d to
the
regi
stra
tion
and
publ
icat
ion
of tr
eatie
s in
acco
rdan
ce w
ith A
rticl
e 10
2 of
the
Cha
rter o
f the
Uni
ted
Nat
ions
in o
rder
to e
nsur
e th
at tr
eatie
s in
forc
e ar
e in
the
publ
ic d
omai
n.
This
Han
dboo
k, p
repa
red
by th
e Tr
eaty
Sec
tion
of th
e U
nite
d N
atio
ns O
ffic
e of
Leg
al
Aff
airs
, isa
pra
ctic
al g
uide
to th
e de
posi
tary
pra
ctic
e of
the
Secr
etar
y-G
ener
al a
nd th
e re
gist
ratio
n pr
actic
e of
the
Secr
etar
iat.
Itis
inte
nded
as a
con
tribu
tion
to th
e U
nite
d N
atio
ns e
ffor
ts to
ass
ist S
tate
s in
beco
min
g pa
rty to
the
inte
rnat
iona
l tre
aty
fram
ewor
kan
d in
regi
ster
ing
treat
ies w
ith th
e Se
cret
aria
t as r
equi
red
by A
rticl
e 10
2 of
the
Cha
rter.
It is
pre
sent
ed in
a u
ser-
frie
ndly
form
atw
ith d
iagr
ams a
nd st
ep-b
y-st
ep in
stru
ctio
ns, a
nd
touc
hes u
pon
man
y as
pect
s of t
reat
y la
w a
nd p
ract
ice.
Thi
s Han
dboo
kis
des
igne
d fo
r use
by
Sta
tes,
inte
rnat
iona
l org
aniz
atio
ns a
nd o
ther
ent
ities
.
Asi
de fr
om th
is H
andb
ook,
ther
e ar
e va
rious
oth
er re
sour
ces a
vaila
ble
in re
latio
n to
the
depo
sita
ry a
nd re
gist
ratio
n pr
actic
es a
pplie
d w
ithin
the
Uni
ted
Nat
ions
. In
parti
cula
r, at
tent
ion
is d
raw
n to
the
Sum
mar
y of
Pra
ctic
e of
the
Secr
etar
y-G
ener
al a
s Dep
osita
ry o
f M
ultil
ater
al T
reat
ies,
whi
ch c
onta
ins a
com
preh
ensi
ve o
verv
iew
of t
he m
ain
feat
ures
of
the
depo
sita
ry p
ract
ice
of th
e Se
cret
ary-
Gen
eral
, and
the
Fina
l Cla
uses
of M
ultil
ater
al
Trea
tiesH
andb
ook,
whi
ch is
a p
ract
ical
gui
de in
tend
ed to
ass
ist t
hose
who
are
dire
ctly
in
volv
ed in
mul
tilat
eral
trea
ty-m
akin
g. T
he U
nite
d N
atio
ns T
reat
y C
olle
ctio
n w
ebsi
te a
t ht
tp://
treat
ies.u
n.or
g, m
aint
aine
d by
the
Trea
ty S
ectio
n,in
clud
es,a
mon
g m
any
othe
r th
ings
, an
elec
troni
c co
py o
f thi
s Han
dboo
kan
d ot
her p
ublic
atio
ns.
The
web
site
als
o in
clud
es a
dat
abas
e co
ntai
ning
the
stat
us o
f mul
tilat
eral
trea
ties d
epos
ited
with
the
Secr
etar
y-G
ener
al, a
s wel
l as a
dat
abas
e of
trea
ties r
egis
tere
d or
file
d an
d re
cord
ed a
nd
rela
ted
treat
y ac
tions
publ
ishe
d in
the
Uni
ted
Nat
ions
Tre
aty
Seri
es.
52
-
FOR
EWO
RD
v
Use
rs o
f thi
s Han
dboo
k ar
e en
cour
aged
to m
ake
full
use
of th
e w
ealth
of i
nfor
mat
ion
cont
aine
d th
erei
nan
d to
con
tact
the
Trea
ty S
ectio
n of
the
Off
ice
of L
egal
Aff
airs
with
an
y co
mm
ents
or q
uest
ions
.The
Tre
aty
Sect
ion
prov
ides
adv
ice
and
assi
stan
ce o
n tre
aty
law
, the
dep
osita
ry p
ract
ice
of th
e Se
cret
ary-
Gen
eral
, the
regi
stra
tion
of tr
eatie
s, an
d th
e dr
aftin
g of
fina
l cla
uses
of m
ultil
ater
al tr
eatie
s, ei
ther
upo
n re
ques
t or t
hrou
gh it
s tra
inin
g se
min
ars.
The
train
ing
sem
inar
s org
aniz
ed b
y th
e Tr
eaty
Sec
tion
at U
nite
d N
atio
ns
Hea
dqua
rters
and
at t
he re
gion
al le
vel a
re fo
cuse
dno
t onl
y on
trea
ty la
w a
nd p
ract
ice,
but
al
so p
rovi
de a
n op
portu
nity
to e
ncou
rage
, with
the
assi
stan
ce o
f the
subs
tant
ive
offic
es,
grea
ter a
war
enes
s of t
he im
plem
enta
tion
of tr
eaty
pro
visi
ons a
t the
nat
iona
l lev
el.
vi
ABB
REV
IAT
ION
S
This
Han
dboo
kus
es th
e fo
llow
ing
abbr
evia
tions
:
Reg
ulat
ions
Reg
ulat
ions
to g
ive
effe
ct to
Arti
cle
102
of th
e C
hart
er o
f the
U
nite
d N
atio
ns,U
nite
d N
atio
ns T
reat
y Se
ries
, vol
ume
859,
p.V
III
(see
Gen
eral
Ass
embl
y re
solu
tion
97(I
) of 1
4 D
ecem
ber 1
946,
as
amen
ded
by re
solu
tions
364
B (I
V) o
f 1 D
ecem
ber 1
949;
482
(V)
of 1
2 D
ecem
ber 1
950;
33/
141
of 1
9 D
ecem
ber 1
978;
and
52/
153
of
15 D
ecem
ber 1
997)
Repe
rtor
y of
Pr
actic
eRe
pert
ory
of P
ract
ice
of U
nite
d N
atio
ns O
rgan
s (V
olum
e V
, New
Y
ork,
195
5) (s
ee a
lso
Supp
lem
ent N
o. 1
, Vol
ume
II; S
uppl
emen
t N
o. 2
, Vol
ume
III;
Supp
lem
ent N
o. 4
, Vol
ume
II; S
uppl
emen
t N
o.5,
Vol
ume
V; S
uppl
emen
t No.
6, V
olum
e V
I; an
d Su
pple
men
t N
o. 7
, Vol
ume
VI)
Secr
etar
y-G
ener
alSe
cret
ary-
Gen
eral
of t
he U
nite
d N
atio
ns
Sum
mar
y of
Pr
actic
eSu
mm
ary
of P
ract
ice
of th
e Se
cret
ary-
Gen
eral
as D
epos
itary
of
Mul
tilat
eral
Tre
atie
s(ST
/LEG
/7/R
ev.1
)
Trea
ty S
ectio
nTr
eaty
Sec
tion,
Off
ice
of L
egal
Aff
airs
of t
he U
nite
d N
atio
ns
Vie
nna
Con
vent
ion
1969
Vien
na C
onve
ntio
n on
the
Law
of T
reat
ies,
1969
Vie
nna
Con
vent
ion
1986
Vien
na C
onve
ntio
n on
the
Law
of T
reat
ies b
etwe
en S
tate
s and
In
tern
atio
nal O
rgan
izat
ions
or b
etw
een
Inte
rnat
iona
l O
rgan
izat
ions
, 198
6
53
-
1
1IN
TRO
DU
CTI
ON
In h
is M
illen
nium
Rep
ort(
A/5
4/20
00),
the
Secr
etar
y-G
ener
al o
f the
Uni
ted
Nat
ions
no
ted
that
“[s
]upp
ort f
or th
e ru
le o
f law
wou
ld b
e en
hanc
ed if
cou
ntrie
s sig
ned
and
ratif
ied
inte
rnat
iona
l tre
atie
s and
con
vent
ions
”. H
e fu
rther
not
ed th
at m
any
coun
tries
are
un
able
to p
artic
ipat
e fu
lly in
the
inte
rnat
iona
l tre
aty
fram
ewor
k du
e to
“th
e la
ck o
f the
ne
cess
ary
expe
rtise
and
reso
urce
s, es
peci
ally
whe
n na
tiona
l leg
isla
tion
is n
eede
d to
giv
e fo
rce
to in
tern
atio
nal i
nstru
men
ts”.
In th
e sa
me
repo
rt, th
e Se
cret
ary-
Gen
eral
cal
led
upon
“…
all
rele
vant
Uni
ted
Nat
ions
ent
ities
to p
rovi
de th
e ne
cess
ary
tech
nica
l ass
ista
nce
that
w
ill m
ake
it po
ssib
le fo
r eve
ry w
illin
g st
ate
to p
artic
ipat
e fu
lly in
the
emer
ging
glo
bal
lega
l ord
er”.
The
Mill
enni
um S
umm
it w
as h
eld
at U
nite
d N
atio
ns H
eadq
uarte
rs, i
n N
ew Y
ork,
from
6
to 8
Sep
tem
ber 2
000.
Fur
ther
to h
is c
omm
itmen
t to
the
rule
of l
aw e
xpre
ssed
in th
e M
illen
nium
Rep
ort,
the
Secr
etar
y-G
ener
al in
vite
d al
l Hea
ds o
f Sta
te a
nd G
over
nmen
t at
tend
ing
the
Mill
enni
um S
umm
it to
sign
and
ratif
y tre
atie
s dep
osite
d w
ith h
im. T
he
resp
onse
to th
e Se
cret
ary-
Gen
eral
’s in
vita
tion
was
pos
itive
. The
Tre
aty
Sign
atur
e/R
atifi
catio
n Ev
ent w
as h
eld
durin
g th
e M
illen
nium
Sum
mit
and
a to
tal o
f 84
coun
tries
, of w
hich
59
wer
e re
pres
ente
d at
the
leve
lof H
ead
of S
tate
or G
over
nmen
t, un
derto
ok 2
74 tr
eaty
act
ions
(sig
natu
re, r
atifi
catio
n, a
cces
sion
, etc
.) in
rela
tion
to o
ver 4
0 tre
atie
s dep
osite
d w
ith th
e Se
cret
ary-
Gen
eral
.
The
Secr
etar
y-G
ener
al is
the
depo
sita
ry fo
r ove
r 550
mul
tilat
eral
trea
ties.
The
depo
sita
ry fu
nctio
ns re
latin
g to
mul
tilat
eral
trea
ties d
epos
ited
with
the
Secr
etar
y-G
ener
al
are
disc
harg
ed b
y th
e Tr
eaty
Sec
tion
of th
e O
ffic
e of
Leg
al A
ffai
rs o
f the
Uni
ted
Nat
ions
. Th
e Se
ctio
n is
als
o re
spon
sibl
e fo
r the
regi
stra
tion
and
publ
icat
ion
of tr
eatie
s sub
mitt
ed to
th
e Se
cret
aria
t pur
suan
t to
Arti
cle
102
of th
e C
hart
er o
f the
Uni
ted
Nat
ions
. Arti
cle
102
prov
ides
that
eve
ry tr
eaty
and
eve
ry in
tern
atio
nal a
gree
men
t ent
ered
into
by
a M
embe
r of
the
Uni
ted
Nat
ions
, afte
r ent
ry in
to fo
rce
of th
e C
harte
r, sh
all b
e re
gist
ered
with
and
pu
blis
hed
by th
e Se
cret
aria
t.
Furth
er to
the
Secr
etar
y-G
ener
al’s
com
mitm
ent t
o ad
vanc
ing
the
inte
rnat
iona
l rul
e of
la
w, t
his H
andb
ook
has b
een
prep
ared
as a
gui
de to
the
Secr
etar
y-G
ener
al’s
pra
ctic
e as
a
depo
sita
ry o
f mul
tilat
eral
trea
ties,
and
to tr
eaty
law
and
pra
ctic
e in
rela
tion
to th
e re
gist
ratio
n fu
nctio
n. T
his H
andb
ook
is m
ainl
y de
sign
ed fo
r the
use
of M
embe
r Sta
tes,
secr
etar
iats
of i
nter
natio
nal o
rgan
izat
ions
, and
oth
ers i
nvol
ved
in a
ssis
ting
gove
rnm
ents
on
the
tech
nica
l asp
ects
of p
artic
ipat
ion
in th
e m
ultil
ater
al tr
eatie
s dep
osite
d w
ith th
e Se
cret
ary-
Gen
eral
, and
the
regi
stra
tion
of tr
eatie
s with
the
Secr
etar
iat u
nder
Arti
cle
102.
It
is in
tend
ed to
pro
mot
e w
ider
Sta
te p
artic
ipat
ion
in th
e m
ultil
ater
al tr
eaty
fram
ewor
k.
This
Han
dboo
kco
mm
ence
s with
a d
escr
iptio
n of
the
depo
sita
ry fu
nctio
n, fo
llow
ed b
y an
ove
rvie
w o
f the
step
s inv
olve
d in
a S
tate
bec
omin
g a
party
to a
trea
ty. T
he fo
llow
ing
sect
ion
high
light
s the
key
eve
nts o
f a m
ultil
ater
al tr
eaty
, fro
m d
epos
it w
ith th
e Se
cret
ary-
Gen
eral
to te
rmin
atio
n. S
ectio
n 5
outli
nes t
he re
gist
ratio
n an
d fil
ing
and
reco
rdin
g fu
nctio
ns o
f the
Sec
reta
riat,
and
how
a p
arty
may
go
abou
t sub
mitt
ing
a tre
aty
for
regi
stra
tion
or fi
ling
and
reco
rdin
g. T
he fi
nal s
ubst
antiv
e se
ctio
n, se
ctio
n 6,
con
tain
s pr
actic
al h
ints
on
cont
actin
g th
e Tr
eaty
Sec
tion
on tr
eaty
mat
ters
, and
flow
cha
rts fo
r ca
rryi
ng o
ut v
ario
us c
omm
on tr
eaty
act
ions
. Sev
eral
ann
exes
app
ear t
owar
ds th
e en
d of
th
is H
andb
ook,
con
tain
ing
vario
us sa
mpl
e in
stru
men
ts fo
r ref
eren
ce in
con
clud
ing
1I N
TRO
DU
CTI
ON
2
treat
ies o
r per
form
ing
treat
y ac
tions
. A g
loss
ary
listin
g co
mm
on te
rms a
nd p
hras
es o
f tre
aty
law
and
pra
ctic
e, m
any
of w
hich
are
use
d in
this
Han
dboo
k, is
als
o in
clud
ed.
Trea
ty la
w a
nd it
s pra
ctic
e ar
e hi
ghly
spec
ializ
ed. N
ever
thel
ess,
this
pub
licat
ion
atte
mpt
s to
avoi
d ex
tens
ive
lega
l ana
lyse
s of t
he m
ore
com
plex
are
as o
f the
dep
osita
ry
and
regi
stra
tion
prac
tices
. Man
y of
the
com
plex
ities
invo
lvin
g th
e de
posi
tary
pra
ctic
e ar
e ad
dres
sed
in th
e Su
mm
ary
of P
ract
ice
of th
e Se
cret
ary-
Gen
eral
as D
epos
itary
of
Mul
tilat
eral
Tre
atie
s(ST
/LEG
/7/R
ev.1
). Th
e Re
pert
ory
of P
ract
ice
of U
nite
d N
atio
ns
Org
ans (
volu
me
V, N
ew Y
ork,
195
5, a
nd S
uppl
emen
ts 1
-7) i
s als
o a
valu
able
gui
de to
th
e tw
o pr
actic
es. T
his H
andb
ook
is n
ot in
tend
ed to
repl
ace
the
Sum
mar
y of
Pra
ctic
e or
th
e Re
pert
ory
of P
ract
ice.
Rea
ders
are
enc
oura
ged
to c
onta
ct th
e Tr
eaty
Sec
tion
of th
e O
ffic
e of
Leg
al A
ffai
rs o
f th
e U
nite
d N
atio
ns w
ith q
uest
ions
or c
omm
ents
abo
ut th
is H
andb
ook.
Thi
s pub
licat
ion
may
nee
d fu
rther
ela
bora
tion
and
clar
ifica
tion
in c
erta
in a
reas
, and
the
view
s of r
eade
rs
will
be
inva
luab
le fo
r fut
ure
revi
sion
s.
Trea
ty S
ectio
nO
ffic
e of
Leg
al A
ffai
rsU
nite
d N
atio
nsN
ew Y
ork,
NY
100
17U
SA
Tele
phon
e:
212
963
5047
Facs
imile
: 21
2 96
3 36
93W
ebsi
te:
http
://tre
atie
s.un.
org
54
-
3
2D
EPO
SITI
NG
MU
LTIL
ATER
AL
TREA
TIES
(See
the
Sum
mar
y of
Pra
ctic
e, p
aras
. 9-3
7.)
2.1
Secr
etar
y-G
ener
al a
s dep
osita
ry
The
Secr
etar
y-G
ener
al o
f the
Uni
ted
Nat
ions
, at p
rese
nt, i
s the
dep
osita
ry fo
r ove
r 550
m
ultil
ater
al tr
eatie
s. Th
e Se
cret
ary-
Gen
eral
der
ives
this
aut
horit
y fr
om:
(a)
Arti
cle
98 o
f the
Cha
rter
of t
he U
nite
d N
atio
ns;
(b)
Prov
isio
ns o
f the
trea
ties t
hem
selv
es;
(c)
Gen
eral
Ass
embl
y re
solu
tion
24(1
) of 1
2 Fe
brua
ry 1
946;
and
(d)
Leag
ue o
f Nat
ions
reso
lutio
n of
18
Apr
il 19
46.
2.2
Dep
osita
ry fu
nctio
ns o
f the
Sec
reta
ry-G
ener
al
The
depo
sita
ry o
f a tr
eaty
is re
spon
sibl
e fo
r ens
urin
g th
e pr
oper
exe
cutio
n of
all
treat
y ac
tions
rela
ting
to th
at tr
eaty
. The
dep
osita
ry’s
dut
ies a
re in
tern
atio
nal i
n ch
arac
ter,
and
the
depo
sita
ry is
und
er a
n ob
ligat
ion
to a
ct im
parti
ally
in th
e pe
rfor
man
ce o
f tho
se d
utie
s.
The
Secr
etar
y-G
ener
al is
gui
ded
in th
e pe
rfor
man
ce o
f dep
osita
ry fu
nctio
ns b
y:
(a)
Prov
isio
ns o
f the
rele
vant
trea
ty;
(b)
Res
olut
ions
of t
he G
ener
al A
ssem
bly
and
othe
r Uni
ted
Nat
ions
org
ans;
(c
)In
tern
atio
nal l
aw, i
nclu
ding
cus
tom
ary
inte
rnat
iona
l law
.
In p
ract
ice,
the
Trea
ty S
ectio
n of
the
Uni
ted
Nat
ions
Off
ice
of L
egal
Aff
airs
car
ries o
ut
depo
sita
ry fu
nctio
ns o
n be
half
of th
e Se
cret
ary-
Gen
eral
.
2.3
Des
igna
tion
of d
epos
itary
(See
sect
ion
6.5,
whi
ch e
xpla
ins h
ow to
arr
ange
with
the
Trea
ty S
ectio
n fo
r dep
osit
of a
m
ultil
ater
al tr
eaty
with
the
Secr
etar
y-G
ener
al.)
The
nego
tiatin
g St
ates
to a
mul
tilat
eral
trea
ty d
esig
nate
the
depo
sita
ry fo
r tha
t tre
aty
eith
er in
the
treat
y its
elf o
r in
som
e ot
her m
anne
r, fo
r exa
mpl
e, th
roug
h a
sepa
rate
de
cisi
on a
dopt
ed b
y th
e ne
gotia
ting
Stat
es. W
hen
a tre
aty
is a
dopt
ed w
ithin
the
fram
ewor
k of
the
Uni
ted
Nat
ions
or a
t a c
onfe
renc
e co
nven
ed b
y th
e U
nite
d N
atio
ns, t
hetre
aty
norm
ally
incl
udes
a p
rovi
sion
des
igna
ting
the
Secr
etar
y-G
ener
al a
s the
dep
osita
ry
for t
hat t
reat
y. If
a m
ultil
ater
al tr
eaty
has
not
bee
n ad
opte
d w
ithin
the
fram
ewor
k of
an
inte
rnat
iona
l org
aniz
atio
n or
at a
con
fere
nce
conv
ened
by
such
an
orga
niza
tion,
it is
cu
stom
ary
for t
he tr
eaty
to b
e de
posi
ted
with
the
Stat
e th
at h
oste
d th
e ne
gotia
ting
conf
eren
ce.
Whe
n a
treat
y is
not
ado
pted
with
in th
e fr
amew
ork
of th
e U
nite
d N
atio
ns o
r at a
co
nfer
ence
con
vene
d by
the
Uni
ted
Nat
ions
, it i
s nec
essa
ry fo
r neg
otia
ting
Stat
es to
seek
th
e co
ncur
renc
e of
the
Secr
etar
y-G
ener
al to
be
the
depo
sita
ry fo
r the
trea
ty b
efor
e de
sign
atin
g th
e Se
cret
ary-
Gen
eral
as s
uch.
In v
iew
of t
he n
atur
e of
the
Secr
etar
y-G
ener
al’s
role
, the
Sec
reta
ry-G
ener
al g
ives
car
eful
con
side
ratio
n to
the
requ
est.
In
gene
ral,
the
Secr
etar
y-G
ener
al’s
pol
icy
is to
ass
ume
depo
sita
ry fu
nctio
ns o
nly
for:
2D
EPO
SITI
NG
MU
LTIL
ATE
RA
L TR
EATI
ES
4
(a)
Mul
tilat
eral
trea
ties o
f wor
ldw
ide
inte
rest
ado
pted
by
the
Gen
eral
Ass
embl
y or
con
clud
ed b
y pl
enip
oten
tiary
con
fere
nces
con
vene
d by
the
appr
opria
teor
gans
of t
he U
nite
d N
atio
ns th
at a
re o
pen
to w
ide
parti
cipa
tion;
and
(b)
Reg
iona
l tre
atie
s ado
pted
with
in th
e fr
amew
ork
of th
e re
gion
al c
omm
issi
ons
of th
e U
nite
d N
atio
ns th
at a
re o
pen
to p
artic
ipat
ion
by th
e en
tire
mem
bers
hip
of th
e re
leva
nt c
omm
issi
ons.
Fina
l cla
uses
are
crit
ical
in p
rovi
ding
gui
danc
e to
the
depo
sita
ry in
the
perf
orm
ance
of
his d
epos
itary
func
tions
. In
ord
er to
dis
char
ge th
ose
func
tions
eff
ectiv
ely,
the
depo
sita
ry
shou
ld b
e co
nsul
ted
in d
rafti
ng th
em. U
ncle
ar fi
nal c
laus
es m
ay c
reat
e di
ffic
ultie
s in
inte
rpre
tatio
n an
d im
plem
enta
tion
both
for S
tate
s par
ties a
nd fo
r the
dep
osita
ry. I
t is
impo
rtant
to n
ote
that
on
28 A
ugus
t 200
1, th
e Se
cret
ary-
Gen
eral
of t
he U
nite
d N
atio
ns
prom
ulga
ted
the
bulle
tin “
Proc
edur
es to
be
follo
wed
by
depa
rtmen
ts, o
ffic
es a
nd re
gion
al
com
mis
sion
s of t
he U
nite
d N
atio
ns w
ith re
gard
to tr
eatie
s and
inte
rnat
iona
l agr
eem
ents
” (s
ee S
T/SG
B/2
001/
7of
28
Aug
ust 2
001
in a
nnex
11)
. In
sect
ion
4.2
of th
is b
ulle
tin,t
he
Secr
etar
y-G
ener
al o
f the
Uni
ted
Nat
ions
exp
ress
ly st
ates
that
, in
the
case
of m
ultil
ater
al
treat
ies t
o be
dep
osite
d w
ith h
im, d
raft
final
cla
uses
of s
uch
mul
tilat
eral
trea
ties s
hall
be
subm
itted
by
the
rele
vant
dep
artm
ent,
offic
e or
regi
onal
com
mis
sion
to th
e Tr
eaty
Se
ctio
n fo
r rev
iew
and
com
men
t prio
r to
final
izat
ion.
55
-
5
3PA
RTI
CIP
ATIN
G IN
MU
LTIL
ATER
AL
TREA
TIES
1
3.1
Sign
atur
e
3.1.
1In
trod
uctio
n(S
ee se
ctio
n 6.
2, w
hich
illu
stra
tes h
ow to
arr
ange
with
the
Trea
ty S
ectio
n to
sign
a
mul
tilat
eral
trea
ty.)
The
first
com
mon
ly u
sed
step
to p
artic
ipat
e in
a tr
eaty
is si
gnin
g th
at tr
eaty
. As
expl
aine
d be
low
, unl
ess t
he tr
eaty
oth
erw
ise
prov
ides
,a si
gnat
ory
does
not
bec
ome
a pa
rty to
a tr
eaty
thro
ugh
sign
atur
eal
one.
Mul
tilat
eral
trea
ties c
onta
in si
gnat
ure
prov
isio
ns
indi
catin
g th
e pl
ace
of si
gnat
ure,
dat
e of
ope
ning
for s
igna
ture
, per
iod
of si
gnat
ure,
etc
.
3.1.
2O
pen
for s
igna
ture
(See
the
Sum
mar
y of
Pra
ctic
e, p
aras
. 116
-119
.)
Mul
tilat
eral
trea
ties o
ften
prov
ide
that
they
will
be
open
for s
igna
ture
only
unt
il a
spec
ified
dat
e, a
fter w
hich
sign
atur
e w
ill n
o lo
nger
be
poss
ible
. Som
e m
ultil
ater
al tr
eatie
s ar
e op
en fo
r sig
natu
re in
defin
itely
. Mos
t mul
tilat
eral
trea
ties o
n hu
man
righ
ts is
sues
fall
into
this
cat
egor
y, fo
r exa
mpl
e, th
e In
tern
atio
nal C
oven
ant o
n C
ivil
and
Polit
ical
Rig
hts,
1966
;the
Con
vent
ion
on th
e El
imin
atio
n of
All
Form
s of D
iscr
imin
atio
n ag
ains
t Wom
en,
1979
;and
the
Con
vent
ion
on th
e Ri
ghts
of P
erso
ns w
ith D
isab
ilitie
s, 20
06.
Toda
y, m
ultil
ater
al tr
eatie
s dep
osite
d w
ith th
e Se
cret
ary-
Gen
eral
of t
he U
nite
d N
atio
ns
gene
rally
mak
e pr
ovis
ion
for s
igna
ture
by
all S
tate
s. H
owev
er, s
ome
mul
tilat
eral
trea
ties
cont
ain
spec
ific
limita
tions
on
parti
cipa
tion
due
to c
ircum
stan
ces s
peci
fic to
them
. For
ex
ampl
e: Arti
cle
2 of
the
Agre
emen
t con
cern
ing
the
Esta
blis
hing
of G
loba
l Tec
hnic
al
Regu
latio
ns fo
r Whe
eled
Veh
icle
s, Eq
uipm
ent a
nd P
arts
whi
ch c
an b
e fit
ted
and/
or b
e us
ed o
n W
heel
ed V
ehic
les,
1998
,lim
its p
artic
ipat
ion
to “
[c]o
untri
es th
at
are
mem
bers
of t
he E
cono
mic
Com
mis
sion
for E
urop
e (U
N/E
CE)
, reg
iona
l ec
onom
ic in
tegr
atio
n or
gani
zatio
ns th
at a
re se
t up
by E
CE
mem
ber c
ount
ries a
nd
coun
tries
that
are
adm
itted
to th
e EC
E in
a c
onsu
ltativ
e ca
paci
ty”.
3.1.
3Si
mpl
e si
gnat
ure
Mul
tilat
eral
trea
ties u
sual
ly p
rovi
de fo
r sig
natu
re su
bjec
t to
ratif
icat
ion,
acc
epta
nce
or
appr
oval
–al
so c
alle
d si
mpl
e si
gnat
ure.
In su
ch c
ases
, a si
gnin
g St
ate
does
not
und
erta
ke
posi
tive
lega
l obl
igat
ions
und
er th
e tre
aty
upon
sign
atur
e. H
owev
er, s
igna
ture
indi
cate
s th
e St
ate’
s int
entio
n to
take
step
s to
expr
ess i
ts c
onse
nt to
be
boun
d by
the
treat
y at
a la
ter
date
. Sig
natu
re a
lso
crea
tes a
n ob
ligat
ion,
in th
e pe
riod
betw
een
sign
atur
e an
d ra
tific
atio
n, a
ccep
tanc
e or
app
rova
l, to
refr
ain
in g
ood
faith
from
act
s tha
t wou
ld d
efea
t th
e ob
ject
and
pur
pose
of t
he tr
eaty
(see
arti
cle
18 o
f the
Vie
nna
Con
vent
ion
1969
).
See,
for e
xam
ple,
arti
cle
125
(2) o
f the
Rom
e St
atut
e of
the
Inte
rnat
iona
l Cri
min
al
Cou
rt, 1
998:
“Th
is S
tatu
te is
subj
ect t
o ra
tific
atio
n, a
ccep
tanc
e or
app
rova
l by
sign
ator
y St
ates
…”.
1Fo
r th
e sa
ke o
fed
itoria
l con
veni
ence
, the
term
“St
ate”
, as
used
in th
is H
andb
ook,
may
incl
ude
othe
r en
titie
s with
the
com
pete
nce
unde
r int
erna
tiona
l law
to e
nter
into
trea
ties.
3PA
RTI
CIP
ATI
NG
IN M
ULT
ILA
TER
AL
TREA
TIES
6
3.1.
4D
efin
itive
sign
atur
eSo
me
treat
ies p
rovi
de th
at S
tate
s can
exp
ress
thei
r con
sent
to b
e le
gally
bou
nd so
lely
up
on si
gnat
ure.
Thi
s met
hod
is m
ost c
omm
only
use
d in
bila
tera
l tre
atie
s and
rare
ly u
sed
for m
ultil
ater
al tr
eatie
s. In
the
latte
r cas
e, th
e en
try in
to fo
rce
prov
isio
n of
the
treat
y ex
pres
sly
prov
ides
that
a S
tate
can
exp
ress
con
sent
to b
e bo
und
by d
efin
itive
ly si
gnin
g th
e tre
aty,
i.e.
, sig
ning
with
out r
eser
vatio
n as
to ra
tific
atio
n, a
ccep
tanc
e or
app
rova
l.
Of t
he tr
eatie
s dep
osite
d w
ith th
e Se
cret
ary-
Gen
eral
, thi
s met
hod
is m
ost c
omm
only
us
ed in
cer
tain
trea
ties n
egot
iate
d un
der t
he a
uspi
ces o
f the
regi
onal
Eco
nom
ic
Com
mis
sion
s, fo
r exa
mpl
e, a
rticl
e 4
(3) o
f the
Agr
eem
ent c
once
rnin
g th
e Ad
optio
n of
U
nifo
rm C
ondi
tions
for P
erio
dica
l Tec
hnic
al In
spec
tions
of W
heel
ed V
ehic
les a
nd th
e Re
cipr
ocal
Rec
ogni
tion
of S
uch
Insp
ectio
ns, 1
997:
Cou
ntrie
s und
er p
arag
raph
s 1 a
nd 2
of t
his A
rticl
e m
ay b
ecom
e C
ontra
ctin
g Pa
rties
to th
e A
gree
men
t:(a
)B
y si
gnin
g it
with
out r
eser
vatio
n to
a ra
tific
atio
n;(b
)B
y ra
tifyi
ng it
afte
r sig
ning
it su
bjec
t to
ratif
icat
ion;
(c
)B
y ac
cedi
ng to
it.
Als
o th
e Ag
reem
ent o
n In
tern
atio
nal R
ailw
ays i
n th
e Ar
ab M
ashr
eq,2
003,
prov
ides
in
its a
rticl
e 5
(2)t
hat m
embe
rs u
nder
par
agra
ph 5
(1) m
ay b
ecom
e pa
rties
by:
(a)
Sign
atur
e no
t sub
ject
to ra
tific
atio
n, a
ccep
tanc
e or
app
rova
l (de
finiti
ve si
gnat
ure)
;(b
)Si
gnat
ure
subj
ect t
o ra
tific
atio
n, a
ccep
tanc
e or
app
rova
l, fo
llow
ed b
y ra
tific
atio
n,
acce
ptan
ce o
r app
rova
l; or
(c
)A
cces
sion
.
3.2
Full
pow
ers
(See
the
Sum
mar
y of
Pra
ctic
e, p
aras
. 101
-115
.)
3.2.
1Si
gnat
ure
of a
trea
ty w
ithou
t an
inst
rum
ent o
f ful
l pow
ers
(See
sect
ion
6.2,
whi
ch d
etai
ls h
ow to
arr
ange
with
the
Trea
ty S
ectio
n to
sign
a tr
eaty
.)
The
Hea
d of
Sta
te, H
ead
of G
over
nmen
t or M
inis
ter f
or F
orei
gn A
ffai
rs m
ay si
gn a
tre
aty
on b
ehal
f of t
he S
tate
with
out a
n in
stru
men
t of f
ull p
ower
s.
3.2.
2R
equi
rem
ent o
f ins
trum
ent o
f ful
l pow
ers
A p
erso
n ot
her t
han
the
Hea
d of
Sta
te, H
ead
of G
over
nmen
t or M
inis
ter f
or F
orei
gn
Aff
airs
may
sign
a tr
eaty
onl
y if
that
per
son
poss
esse
s a v
alid
inst
rum
ent o
f ful
l pow
ers.
This
inst
rum
ent o
f ful
l pow
ers e
mpo
wer
s the
spec
ified
repr
esen
tativ
e to
sign
a g
iven
tre
aty.
Thi
s is a
lega
l req
uire
men
t ref
lect
ed in
arti
cle
7 of
the
Vie
nna
Con
vent
ion
1969
. It
is d
esig
ned
to p
rote
ct th
e in
tere
sts o
f all
Stat
es th
at c
an p
artic
ipat
e in
a tr
eaty
as w
ell a
s th
e in
tegr
ity o
f the
dep
osita
ry. T
ypic
ally
, ful
l pow
ers a
re is
sued
for t
he si
gnat
ure
of a
sp
ecifi
ed tr
eaty
,but
may
als
o be
issu
ed to
em
pow
er a
spec
ific
repr
esen
tativ
e to
sign
mor
e th
an o
ne tr
eaty
.
Som
e co
untri
es h
ave
depo
site
d ge
nera
l ful
l pow
ers w
ith th
e Se
cret
ary-
Gen
eral
. Gen
eral
fu
ll po
wer
s do
not s
peci
fy th
e tre
aty
to b
e si
gned
, but
rath
er a
utho
rize
a sp
ecifi
ed
repr
esen
tativ
e to
sign
all
treat
ies d
epos
ited
with
the
Secr
etar
y-G
ener
al.
56
-
PAR
TIC
IPA
TIN
G IN
MU
LTIL
ATE
RA
L TR
EATI
ES3
7
3.2.
3F
orm
of i
nstr
umen
t of f
ull p
ower
s(S
eeth
e m
odel
inst
rum
ent o
f ful
l pow
ers i
n an
nex
3.)
Asd
epos
itary
, the
Sec
reta
ry-G
ener
al re
quire
s pro
per f
ull p
ower
s for
the
pers
on (o
ther
th
an a
Hea
d of
Sta
te, H
ead
of G
over
nmen
t or M
inis
ter f
or F
orei
gn A
ffai
rs) s
eeki
ng to
si
gn a
trea
ty. S
igna
ture
of a
trea
ty w
ithou
t pro
per f
ull p
ower
s is n
ot a
ccep
tabl
e. F
ull
pow
ers n
ot c
onta
inin
g a
legi
ble
sign
atur
e fr
om o
ne o
f the
abo
ve-m
entio
ned
auth
oriti
es
are
also
not
acc
epta
ble
(for
exa
mpl
e, a
tele
xed
mes
sage
). Th
ere
is n
o sp
ecifi
c fo
rm fo
r an
inst
rum
ent o
f ful
l pow
ers,
but i
t mus
t inc
lude
the
follo
win
g in
form
atio
n:
1.Th
e in
stru
men
t of f
ull p
ower
s mus
t be
sign
edby
one
of t
he th
ree
abov
e-m
entio
ned
auth
oriti
es a
nd m
ust u
nam
bigu
ousl
y em
pow
er a
spec
ified
per
son
to
sign
the
treat
y. F
ull p
ower
s may
als
o be
issu
ed b
y a
pers
on e
xcep
tiona
lly
exer
cisi
ng th
e po
wer
of o
ne o
f the
abo
ve-m
entio
ned
thre
e au
thor
ities
of S
tate
ad
inte
rim
. Thi
s sho
uld
be st
ated
cle
arly
on
the
inst
rum
ent.
2.Fu
ll po
wer
s are
usu
ally
lim
ite