study of best practices for the solid waste management system commissioners... · study of best...

Study of Best Practices for the

Solid Waste Management System

City of Winston-Salem and Forsyth

County Utilities Commission

Presentation to County Commission

February 3, 2011

1

Study Objective

• Organizational Structure

• Funding

• PoliciesGovernance

• Recycling

• Collection

• Disposal

• C&D Management

Operations

To evaluate and recommend "best practices” for solid waste management in Winston-Salem and Forsyth County

2R. W. Beck | Solid Waste Management Study

Scope of Study

Research current

practices and gather input

on challenges and needs

Identify and evaluate “best practices” to

meet challenges and

needs

Select best practices and combine into solid waste

management systems

Evaluate how each system

meets challenges and

needs

Recommend approach


Key Challenges Identified

• Develop sustainable funding for disposal facilities

• Develop sustainable funding for non-disposal programs

• Enable the entity that pays for solid waste activity to determine the level and cost of service

• Clearly delineate responsibilities among entities managing solid waste


Key Challenges Identified (cont’)

• Offer consistent level of service county-wide in a way that results in reduced costs due to economies of scale

• Ensure sufficient disposal capacity

• Consistently evaluate alternative solid waste technology

• Achieve state/local waste reduction goals and requirements


Summary of Needs

Organizational Structure

Need to clearly define responsibility for all solid waste management facilities and services

Need to enable entity that pays for facilities and services to select level and cost of service

Funding

Need sustainable funding source for disposal facilities

Need sustainable funding source for non-disposal programs

Need to enable entity that provides facilities and services to be able to raise revenue to cover full cost

Strategic Planning

Need to update solid waste management plans in an integrated way that incorporates current issues

Need to identify and prioritize waste reduction goals and implement the strategies to achieve them

Need to evaluate new technologies in a consistent and proactive way that meets local criteria


Best Practices Considered

OrganizationalStructure

Local governments

manage

CCUC oversight

Solid Waste Authority

Funding

Long-term contracts

Property taxes

Assessments

Service specific user

fees

Recycling

Franchisees offer curbside

collection

Require or incentivize commercial

recycling

City collects curbside

Single stream processing/

transfer

Policies

Flow control ordinance

Flow control in franchise

agreements

Evaluate consistency of

proposed facilities

FutureDisposal

Alternative technology evaluation

Transfer to disposal facility

Collection

Universal residential collection

Franchise commercial collection

C&D Mgt.

Mandatory separation,

disposal ban

Mandatory diversion rate, builder SWM

plans

Require processing

prior to disposal

Green building standards


Organizational Structure in Solid Waste Systems Evaluated

System 1 System 2 System 3

Each local government

implements and pays for

own facilities and services

CCUC oversees solid waste

management, providing county-

wide services where appropriate

and setting guidelines for services

provided by others

Solid Waste Management

Authority provides services

County-wide through its

own forces or contracts


Funding in Solid Waste Systems Evaluated


City collects tipping fees for

landfill costs

CCUC collects tipping fees for landfill

costs

Authority collects tipping fees for

landfill costs

City and County collect

revenue for non-landfill

related services

CCUC pays for non-landfill related

services that it provides through

contribution by participating

governments

Authority collects franchise fees,

assess property owners, collects

contribution from participating

local governments to cover all cost

of non-landfill related services

City and County can jointly

fund services through inter-

local agreements

City and County approve CCUC budget

and raise and transfer funds to CCUC

for non-landfill related activities

provided by CCUC


Policies in Solid Waste Systems Evaluated


City and County develop policies to ensure proposed solid

waste facility are consistent with plans

Authority develops procedure to

evaluate consistency of proposed solid

waste facilities with plans and City and

County consider Authority evaluation

before approving

City and County institute

policies needed to manage

solid waste according to

their own solid waste

management plans (such as

franchising commercial

collection or flow control)

City and County pass flow

control or other ordinances as

needed to support CCUC

solid waste management

plans

City and County pass flow control or

other ordinances as needed to support

Authority solid waste management

plans


Planning in Solid Waste Systems Evaluated


Local governments appoint

members to a CCUC advisory that

will oversee development and

implementation of plan

Authority creates an advisory

committee that will oversee

development and implementation

of plan

City and County develop

separate or joint strategic

SWMPs, establishing waste

reduction goals and policies,

action plan, and funding

approach

CCUC develops strategic SWMPs,

establishing waste reduction goals,

action plan, and funding approach

Authority develops strategic

SWMPs, establishing waste

reduction goals, action plan, and

funding approach

Local governments adopt plan and

pass ordinances and implement

programs as identified in the plan

Local governments adopt plan and

pass ordinances and implement

programs as identified in the plan


Recycling in Solid Waste Systems Evaluated


Local governments determine

the materials, frequency,

location of collection and

processing of recyclables

CCUC develops recycling goals and

implementation strategy in strategic

solid waste management plan. Local

governments follow CCUC guidelines in their programs

Authority develops recycling

goals and implementation

strategy in strategic solid waste

management plan

County requires franchisees to collect recyclables from residential

customers

Authority franchises/contracts for

collection of recyclables from all

residents and businesses

City collects/contracts for collection and processing of residential

recyclables

Authority contracts or develops

facility for processing

Businesses make their own

arrangements for recycling

CCUC enters into exclusive franchise

agreements for collection of

recyclables from businesses

Local governments require

generating businesses to sort

out specified recyclables

materials for Authority

franchisee


Collection in Solid Waste Systems Evaluated

13


City collects residential waste Authority franchises, contracts

or enters into inter-local

agreements for collection of

solid waste and recyclables

from all residents and

businesses

County residential franchisees

collect waste and recyclables

from residents that want service

County residential franchisees

collect waste and recyclables from

all residents

Businesses continue to arrange

for their own solid waste

collection but must be offered

certain level of recycling service

CCUC enters into exclusive

franchise agreements for collection

of solid waste and recyclables from

businesses throughout County

R. W. Beck | Solid Waste Management Study

Disposal in Solid Waste Systems Evaluated


City owns and operates

landfill

City owns and CCUC operates

landfill

Authority owns and operates landfill

Local governments jointly or

independently secure future

disposal capacity and develop

and finance facilities

CCUC secures future disposal

capacity for members and

develop facilities, financed by

local governments

Authority secures future disposal

capacity for members and develops

and finances facilities as needed

Local governments determine

whether to pursue alternative

technology and if so, develop

criteria, issue solicitation,

negotiate contract, and make

necessary commitments

CCUC determines whether to

pursue alternative technology and

if so, develop criteria, issue

solicitation and negotiate contract

City and County vote to approve

contract, including signing on to

commitments

Authority determines whether to

pursue alternative technology and if

so, develop criteria, issue

solicitation and negotiate contract.

Authority signs contracts and enters

into agreements for waste delivery,

financing, as needed


Potential of Systems to Meet Needs



Organizational Structure

Need to clearly define responsibility for all solid waste management

facilities and services

XXX XX XXX

Need to enable entity that pays for facilities and services to select level of

service

XXX XXX XXX

Funding

Need sustainable funding source for disposal facilities X XX XXX

Need sustainable funding source for non-disposal programs XX XXX XXXNeed to enable entity that provides facilities and services to be able to

raise revenue to cover full cost

XX XX XXX

Strategic Planning

Need to update solid waste management plans in an integrated way that

incorporates current issues

XX XXX XXX

Need to identify and prioritize waste reduction goals and implement the

strategies to achieve them

XX XXX XXX

Need to evaluate new technologies in a consistent and proactive way that

meets local criteria

X XXX XXX

XXX Achieves in a comprehensive way XX Has the potential to achieve X Unlikely to fully achieve

Recommended Implementation Approach

• Transition to CCUC oversight of all solid waste management activities in the next 1-5 years

• CCUC collects fees from participating local governments for all services/activities that are not covered by tipping fee

• Transition to Solid Waste Management Authority in years 5-10 to finance, own and operate solid waste facilities and oversee services, motivated by need for financing

• Consider participation by other counties in Authority


Key Implementation Steps: Policy

Activity

Short Term

(1-5 years)

Long-Term

(5-10 years)

Create permanent solid waste advisory committee to advise on

strategic plan

CCUC SWA

Develop/update strategic plan including detailed implementation

steps to achieve waste reduction goal in 2009 plan or new goal and

get approval from all participating local governments

CCUC SWA

Require all collectors of residential or commercial solid waste to

also collect specified recyclables

Local governments

Require that proposed solid waste facilities sited or expanded

within jurisdiction be consistent with strategic plan

Local governments

Pass flow control ordinances as needed to support landfill

operations

Local governments


Key Implementation Steps: Collection and Recycling

Activity

Short Term

(1-5 years)

Long-Term

(5-10 years)

Establish guidelines for collection of solid waste and recyclables from

residents and businesses throughout the County

CCUC SWA

Collect (or arrange for collection) of solid waste, yard waste, and

recyclables from residents per guidelines established by CCUC

Local gov’ts SWA (local

gov’ts opt in

or out)

Establish franchises for solid waste and recyclable collection from

businesses throughout County

CCUC SWA

Based on evaluation of existing infrastructure and costs, develop

processing capacity for recyclables or contract with private facility to

provide

CCUC SWA


Key Implementation Steps: Disposal

Activity

Short Term

(1-5 years)

Long-Term

(5-10 years)

Operate Hanes Mill Road and Salisbury Road landfills until full CCUC SWA

Enter into long-term agreements with local governments and private

haulers to deliver municipal solid waste to landfill

CCUC SWA

Site, permit, and develop new landfill when Hanes Mill Road closes

and/or negotiate for disposal capacity and develop transfer station

as needed

CCUC SWA

Determine whether to pursue alternative technology. If and when it

is in the best interest of the local government to pursue, develop

evaluation criteria , issue solicitation, and negotiate contract

CCUC with

City/County

approval

SWA


Summary of Results

• City and County could benefit from a more integrated solid waste management system

• Funding sources need to be more sustainable

• Recommend transition to increased collaboration among local governments– Move to CCUC oversight of integrated system in short term

– Move to Solid Waste Management Authority in long term with ability to finance, own and operate facilities

• Pace and specifics of process should be guided by advisory committee of participating local governments and other stakeholders


Contact Information

Abby Goldsmith, Senior DirectorR. W. Beck, Inc.(404) 870-9098

[email protected]


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