study outline - unsw faculty of engineering · petroleum geology ptrl5013 s1 2015 unsw faculty of...

Petroleum Geology

PTRL 5013

Study Outline

(ON-CAMPUS)

S1 2015

Dr Lila W. Gurba

PETROLEUM GEOLOGY PTRL5013 S1 2015

UNSW FACULTY OF ENGINEERING SCHOOL OF PETROLEUM ENGINEERING

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COMMONWEALTH OF AUSTRALIA

Copyright Regulations 1969

WARNING

This material has been reproduced and communicated to you by or on behalf of the University of

New South Wales pursuant to Part VB of the Copyright Act 1968 (the Act).

The material in this communication may be subject to copyright under the Act. Any further

reproduction or communication of this material by you may be subject of copyright protection under

the Act.

Do not remove this notice.



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Contents

Welcome to PTRL5013 ........................................................................................................................................4

Course Details ......................................................................................................................................................5

Course Content ....................................................................................................................................................6

Course Objectives ................................................................................................................................................6

Student Learning Outcomes ................................................................................................................................7

Course Evaluation and Development ..................................................................................................................7

Assessment Requirements (ON-CAMPUS STUDENTS) ........................................................................................8

Assignment Submission .......................................................................................................................................8

Learning Approach ..............................................................................................................................................9

Recommended Study Pattern .......................................................................................................................... 10

Teaching Material ............................................................................................................................................. 11

How to Use the Course Manual ....................................................................................................................... 11

PTRL5013 Course Structure .............................................................................................................................. 12

SOME Petroleum Geology Text and Reference Books ..................................................................................... 13

Some Useful Petroleum Geology Web Sites .................................................................................................... 13

Academic Honesty and Plagiarism ................................................................................................................... 14

Administrative Matters .................................................................................................................................... 15

Note The instructor reserves the right to change any information contained in this document, when necessary, with adequate notice given to the student.



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Welcome to PTRL5013 (On-Campus)

Welcome to the PTRL5013 Petroleum Geology course for S1 2015. I hope you can make the most out of this course by learning some of the key concepts in petroleum geology and understanding the geological processes and features relevant to the formation of oil and gas. This course is primarily designed for students of petroleum engineering, undertaking postgraduate courses at the School of Petroleum Engineering at the University of New South Wales, and for non-geologists who are willing to acquire critical knowledge in the area of petroleum geology. Through a problem-based approach, this course aims to provide students the basic knowledge of the geological processes that form petroleum and the methods of exploration and exploitation of this resource. Students will gain practical experience and knowledge of the principles of Petroleum Geology through inquiry-based in-class exercises, self-study and hands-on work within team-based projects.

The course content for PTRL5013 is divided into two major sections: one dealing with Petroleum Geology itself (the Central Program) and one providing an introduction to the basic principles of Geology (the Supporting Modules).

However, if during the semester a need to update or expand either of the sections arises, I will be announcing this through UNSW Moodle and e-mails.

There are two Assignments, In-class exercises (Group Assignments), a Mid-Term Exam, and a Final Exam during this course.

Copies of the various components of the manual and the Study Guide have been uploaded for your use on Moodle.

Please note that some revised chapters and sections of the PTRL5013 Manual will be uploaded onto Moodle sequentially. If you have any questions regarding the content of this course, do not hesitate to contact me by e-mail (details below), or by posting your questions on Moodle. I look forward to working with you in S1 2015.

Contact Details Dr Lila W. Gurba

Course Instructor

University of New South Wales Faculty of Engineering, School of Petroleum Engineering Sydney NSW 2052 Australia [email protected]

Acknowledgement

I would like to thank Dr Paul Lennox and Prof Colin Ward from the School of Biological, Earth and Environmental Sciences for making available the GEOL9151 Manual and other documents for this course.

mailto:[email protected]



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Course Details Course Coordinator Dr Lila W. Gurba

School of Petroleum Engineering Tyree Energy Technology Building E-mail: [email protected]

Teaching Times and Location

Wednesday - 9:00 am to 12:00 pm ASB 205

Consultation Times TBC

Units of credit 6

Pre‐requisites None

Attendance at Classes

Students are expected to be regular and punctual in attendance at lectures and tutorials during the session. Students who attend less than 80% of their possible classes may not be admitted to the final exam.

The following UNSW webpage gives further guidance for attendance at or absence from classes: https://my.unsw.edu.au/

Please Note This is a Moodle course, so all communication outside of consultation times will be made through Moodle. It is strongly recommended that you check the course details on Moodle daily so as not to miss important announcements concerning lectures, assignments, marks, events and other related matters. Students with questions about course administration or content are encouraged to:

Read this Course Outline

Check the course website

Contact the lecturer during class for non-urgent matters

E-mail your lecturer For e-mail communication with staff, teaching staff may ignore non-UNSW e-mail address for internet security reasons.


https://my.unsw.edu.au/



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Course Content Petroleum Geology PTRL5013

Nature and origin of petroleum; Petroleum properties, Petroleum source rocks

evaluation; Petroleum generation; migration; entrapment and degradation

processes; Petroleum seals and traps; Nature and properties of minerals and

rocks; Depositional systems: clastic and carbonate environments and associated

reservoir rocks; Clay minerals and practical problems in petroleum engineering;

Subsurface conditions (temperature, pressure); Principles of Stratigraphy and

Geologic Time, Geologic Structures; Subsurface mapping; Sedimentary Basins and

Plate Tectonics, Coal-bed methane, shale gas, and other non-conventional

petroleum reservoirs; Gas Hydrate Petroleum System; Exploration and evaluation

of petroleum deposits, including an introduction to geophysical techniques;

Inquiry-based projects and Worldwide case studies.

Course Objectives Petroleum Geology PTRL5013

1. To provide students with an introduction to geological features and processes,

especially those relevant to the formation of petroleum (oil and gas) deposits.

2. To develop an understanding of the role of geosciences in the oil and gas

industry and of basic rock types and their formation and to identify rocks

associated with hydrocarbon accumulations.

3. To develop an understanding, within this framework, of the formation and

occurrence of petroleum, including petroleum source, maturation, migration

and entrapment, as well as other processes by which natural hydrocarbon

resources (coal seam gas; oil shale) may also be formed.

4. To further develop students’ understanding of the geology of petroleum

occurrence, including the sedimentological and structural features of potential

reservoir and trap sequences and the formation of petroleum-bearing

sedimentary basins.

5. To introduce students to the geological methods used in the petroleum

industry and the geological setting of the key petroleum provinces.

6. To develop an understanding of the unconventional reservoirs.



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Student Learning Outcomes Petroleum Geology PTRL5013

Knowledge and Understanding

On completion of this course, you should be able to:

Understand basic rock types and their formation

Understand reservoir rock properties and their associated characteristics

Demonstrate knowledge of the geological processes that lead to the

accumulation of petroleum

Identify source, reservoir and cap rocks associated with hydrocarbon

accumulations

Interpret simple geological and seismic maps and sections

Undertake simple calculations, e.g. to estimate size and reserves of an oil

field

Integrate and synthesize data from a variety of sources (including

wireline logs and core analysis results), to interpret subsurface lithology

and fluid types.

Intellectual Skills

Develop a critical analysis of the field of study and an understanding of

how to apply basic principles in a wider context Practical Skills

Develop an awareness of reliable sources of geological information

available online through the use of Moodle Virtual Learning Environmental set up for this course and other internet sources.

Develop an understanding of the use of simple tools and equipment used by geologists.

Practicals and assignments will enhance problem-solving skills and develop skills in evaluation and communication of geological data.

Transferable Skills

General and engineering skills are exercised to varying extents in this unit:

General: - Time management and organisation; self-management. - Information retrieval skills (via Moodle and on-line Library).

Engineering - Handling and presentation of data. - Write a coherent and well-argued engineering/research report.

Course Evaluation and Development Petroleum Geology PTRL5013

The presentation of this course is under continual improvement, so your feedback is highly appreciated. We want your suggestions of what is good and should be retained, and what is not so good and should be improved (with ideas on improvement).



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Assessment Requirements (ON-CAMPUS STUDENTS) Petroleum Geology PTRL5013

Due Date

In-class Exercises (Group Assignments) (only a hard

copy required)

In-Class Exercise 1: Crude Oil Properties

In-Class Exercise 2: Minerals in Petroleum Industry

In-Class Exercise 3: Understanding Basic Rock Properties

15%

On-going

Assignment A – Maps & Structures (Moodle

submission) Monday 11 May 2015

Assignment B– Petroleum Field Including oral

presentation & Report (Moodle submission) 10% TBC

Mid-term Exam 30% 29 April 2015

Final Exam 45% 12 – 29 June 2015

Petroleum Geology PTRL5013

The assessment tasks are designed not only to assess your knowledge, but also as a skill building exercise. These assessment items are designed to build the skill of researching, analysing and expressing your thoughts and ideas in a logical and coherent manner.

In order to pass this course you need to pass each assessment module

Assignment Submission

Electronic UNSW Moodle E-mail submission: [email protected]

Late Submission Late work will be accepted up to 1 week after the due date, but will be automatically assessed a penalty of ~20% of the point total.

An electronic copy of a signed “Assessment Cover Sheet” containing a plagiarism compliance

statement should be included as the first page of all submissions.




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Learning Approach Petroleum Geology PTRL5013

In studying this course most of the resources you will need are contained in

the Course Manual and your prescribed text.

All of the Modules and Assignments in this course are interrelated and build

upon each other.

In order to do well in this course you must read all the material for each

week’s topics and answer the discussion questions for each chapter from the

textbook. The completion of these questions will assist you to understand the

knowledge in a deeper way so that when you come to writing your

assignments you will be able to reflect on the knowledge with a more well-

thought through and critical analysis.

The commentary on each topic is provided to guide you through the

information contained in the text, also additional references in the form of

journal articles or book chapters are outlined in each topic

It is important to complete assignments on schedule, as they are designed to

help students understand lecture concepts and aid in successfully achieving

positive results on the exams

You should treat the supplementary readings as if they were additional

chapters to read – unless specifically flagged as optional, they should be

considered to be of equal importance to the text book material.

This course will be an important opportunity for you to develop skills in

writing and referencing your sources so that you avoid plagiarism

Your rate of progress will depend on your background and the time

you are able to devote to the material. The program is designed to be completed in 13 weeks by people with a little background in geology. I suggest the following schedule as a guide in effectively managing your time (refer to the Recommended Study Pattern below).



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Recommended Study Pattern The following is an indicative schedule of the particular topics we will cover this semester. It may be modified to accommodate the needs of the class.

Week Date Topic/Central Program Topic/Supporting Modules

1 4 March 2015 Part A: Formation of Petroleum

Unit 0: The Context of Petroleum Geology

Module A1: Introduction to the

Geological Sciences

Module A2: Nature and

Properties of Minerals

Module A4: Rocks – an

Introduction

2 11 March 2015 Unit 1: Nature and Origin of Petroleum

3 18 March 2015 Unit 2: Composition and Properties of

Petroleum

4 25 March 2015

Unit 3: Generation of Petroleum

Module A5: Igneous Rocks

Module A7: Metamorphic

Rocks

Module A6: Sedimentary Rocks

5 01 April 2015 Unit 4: Migration of Petroleum

Unit 5: Petroleum Traps

Module A6: Sedimentary Rocks

Module A3: Clays and Clay

Minerals

Mid Semester break 3 – 12 April 2015

6 15 April 2015

Unit 6: Subsurface Oil Alteration

Unit 7: Petroleum Systems

Module A8: Coal and Organic

Petrology

7 22 April 2015

Part B – Petroleum Reservoir Geology

Unit 8: Reservoir Rocks

Unit 9: Petroleum Reservoir Environments

Module A9: Principles of

Stratigraphy and Geologic Time

Module A10: Geologic

Structures 8 29 April 2015 Mid-term Exam

9 6 May 2015 Unit 12: Subsurface Geology and Modelling

Assignment A (Maps) due Monday 11 May

10 13 May 2015 Unit 11: Reservoir Performance

Unit 13: Petroleum Resources and Reserves

Module A11: Sedimentary

Basins, Plate Tectonics and

Petroleum

11 20 May 2015 Part C – Non-conventional Petroleum

Unit 14: Unconventional Hydrocarbons – An

Overview; Unit 15: Oil Shale

Optional

Module A13: Fundamentals of

Carbon Dioxide Geological

Storage (optional) 12 27 May 2015 Unit 16: Shale Gas Fundamentals

Unit 17: An Outline of sand tight reservoirs

Unit 18: Fundamentals of Coal-bed Methane

13 3 June 2015 Part D – Worldwide Case Studies

Unit 19: Petroleum Systems – Case Studies

Examinations: 12 – 29 June 2015



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Teaching Material Petroleum Geology PTRL5013

The following teaching material is provided for this course:

1. Study Guide (this document)

2. Lecture Notes

3. Petroleum Geology Manual (Electronic)

4. Assignments and in-class exercises

5. A set of mineral and rock samples

How to Use the Course Manual Petroleum Geology PTRL5013 Petroleum geology is an integration of many different aspects of geology and

related fields. The manual is designed to summarise the wide range of material needed to understand petroleum geology, and help place the different aspects into perspective. Reading some of the text and reference books listed in the manual, or visiting some of the suggested web sites, is recommended to provide a more complete picture. So, too, are discussions with geological colleagues in the petroleum industry.

The Course content for PTRL5013 is divided into two major sections: one dealing with petroleum geology itself (the Central Program) and one providing an introduction to the basic principles of Geology (the Supporting Modules). Students who already have some familiarity with geological science (e.g. from previous university studies) may be able to proceed straight to the Central Program. Those who have no previous knowledge of Geology, however, should commence by studying the Supporting Modules section, and then move into the Central Program after the basic components of the science are understood. Naturally, any other approach that suits you is equally appropriate. Please let the instructor (Dr L. Gurba) know if there are any questions arising from the material.



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PTRL5013 Course Structure

CENTRAL PROGRAM

FUNDAMENTALS OF PETROLEUM GEOLOGY FOR ENGINEERS

Part A – Formation of Petroleum

Unit 0: The Context of Petroleum Geology

Unit 1: Nature and Origin of Petroleum

Unit 2: Composition and Properties of Petroleum

Unit 3: Generation of Petroleum

Unit 4: Migration of Petroleum

Unit 5: Petroleum Traps

Unit 6: Subsurface Oil Alteration

Unit 7: Petroleum Systems

SUPPORTING MODULES

AN INTRODUCTION TO GEOLOGY FOR ENGINEERS

Module A1: Introduction to the Geological

Sciences Module A2: Nature and Properties of Minerals Module A3: Clays and Clay Minerals Module A4: Rocks – an Introduction Module A5: Igneous Rocks Module A6: Sedimentary Rocks Module A7: Metamorphic Rocks Module A8: Coal and Organic Petrology Module A9: Principles of Stratigraphy and

Geologic Time Module A10: Geologic Structures:

Fundamentals Module A11: Sedimentary Basins, Plate

Tectonics and Petroleum Optional Module A13: Fundamentals of Carbon Dioxide

Geological Storage

Part B – Petroleum Reservoir Geology

Unit 8: Reservoir Rocks

Unit 9: Petroleum Reservoir Environments

Unit 11: Reservoir Performance: Pressure and Temperature in the Subsurface

Unit 12: Subsurface Geology and Modelling

Unit 13: Petroleum Resources and Reserves

Part C – Non-conventional Petroleum

Unit 14: Unconventional Hydrocarbons-An Overview

Unit 15: Oil Shale

Unit 16: Shale Gas Fundamentals

Unit 17: An outline of sand tight reservoirs

Unit 18: Fundamentals of Coal-bed Methane

Part D: Worldwide Case Studies

Unit 19: Petroleum Systems- Worldwide Case Studies



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SOME Petroleum Geology Text and Reference Books Hyne, N.J. Nontechnical Guide to Petroleum Geology, Exploration, Drilling and Production. Penn Well Books, Tulsa,

Oklahoma, 1995.

North, F.K. Petroleum Geology. Allen and Unwin, 1985.

Selley, R.C. Elements of Petroleum Geology. W.H. Freeman, 1997 Recommended

Further Readings

Allen, P.A. and Allen, J.R., 1990. Basin Analysis: Principles and Applications. Blackwells, Oxford, 451 pp.

Ashton, M. (ed) Advances in Reservoir Geology. Geological Society Special Publication 69, London, 1992.

Chapman, R.E. Petroleum Geology. Elsevier, 1983.

Dickey, P.A. Petroleum Development Geology. PennWell Publishing Company, Tulsa, Oklahoma, 1986.

Eslinger, E. Clay Minerals for Petroleum Geologists and Engineers. SEPM Short Course Notes 22, Tulsa, Oklahoma,

1988.

Hobson, G.D. and Tiratsoo, E.N. Introduction to Petroleum Geology. Gulf Publishing, 1981.

Hunt, J.M. Petroleum Geochemistry and Geology. W.H. Freeman and Co., 1996.

Katz, B.J. (ed). Petroleum Source Rocks. Springer-Verlag, Berlin, 1994.

Levorsen, A.I., Geology of Petroleum. W.H. Freeman and Co., 1954.

Link, P.K. Basic Petroleum Geology. OGCI Publications, 1982.

Lowell, J.D. Structural Styles in Petroleum Exploration. OGCI Publications, 1985.

Magoon, L.B. and Dow, W.G. The Petroleum System - From Source to Trap. AAPG Memoir 60, 1994.

Mastalerz, M., Glikson, M. and Golding, S.D. (eds). Coalbed Methane: Scientific, Environmental and Economic

Evaluation. Kluwer Academic Publishers, 1999.

Purcell, P.G. and Purcell, R.R. (eds). The Sedimentary Basins of Western Australia 2. Petroleum Exploration Society of

Australia (WA Branch), 1998.

Rider, M. The Geological Interpretation of Well Logs. Whittle Publishing, Caithness, 1996.

Sahay, B. Petroleum Exploration and Exploitation Practices. Allied Publishers Limited, 1994.

Scott, A.C. and Fleet, A.J. (eds). Coal and Coal-bearing Strata as Oil-prone Source Rocks? Geological Society Special

Publication 77, London, 1994.

Selley, R.C. Petroleum Geology for Geophysicists and Engineers. International Human Resources Development

Corporation, 1983.

Stoneley, R.J. Introduction to Petroleum Exploration for Non-geologists. Oxford University Press, 1995.

Zimmerle, W. Petroleum Sedimentology. Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht, 1995.

Some Useful Petroleum Geology Web Sites Geoscience Australia : http://www.ga.gov.au

Australian Petroleum Production and Exploration Association: http://www.appea.com.au

American Association of Petroleum Geologists: http://www.geobyte.com

Petroleum Exploration Society of Australia: http://www.pesa.com.au

Society of Petroleum Engineers: http://www.spe.org

http://www.ga.gov.au/

http://www.appea.com.au/

http://www.geobyte.com/

http://www.pesa.com.au/

http://www.spe.org/



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Academic Honesty and Plagiarism The university regards plagiarism as a form of academic misconduct, and has very strict rules regarding plagiarism. For UNSW policies, penalties, and information to help you avoid plagiarism see: https://student.unsw.edu.au/plagiarism. At UNSW plagiarism is using the words or ideas of others and passing them off as your own. Examples of plagiarism, including self-plagiarism, are:

Copying

Using the same or very similar words to the original text or idea without acknowledging the source or using quotation marks. This includes copying materials, ideas or concepts from a book, article, report or other written document, presentation, composition, artwork, design, drawing, circuitry, computer program or software, website, internet, other electronic resource, or another person's assignment, without appropriate acknowledgement.

Inappropriate paraphrasing

Changing a few words and phrases while mostly retaining the original structure and/or progression of ideas of the original, and information without acknowledgement. This also applies in presentations where someone paraphrases another’s ideas or words without credit and to piecing together quotes and paraphrases into a new whole, without appropriate referencing.

Collusion

Presenting work as independent work when it has been produced in whole or part in collusion with other people. Collusion includes

students providing their work to another student before the due date, or for the purpose of them plagiarising at any time

paying another person to perform an academic task and passing it off as your own

stealing or acquiring another person’s academic work and copying it offering to complete another person’s work or seeking payment for

completing academic work. This should not be confused with academic collaboration.

Inappropriate citation

Citing sources which have not been read, without acknowledging the 'secondary' source from which knowledge of them has been obtained.

Self-plagiarism

'Self-plagiarism' occurs where a student republishes their own previously written work and presents it as new findings without referencing the earlier work, either in its entirety or partially. Self-plagiarism is also referred to as 'recycling', 'duplication', or 'multiple submissions of research findings' without disclosure. Self-plagiarism includes re-using parts of, or all of, a body of work that has already been submitted for assessment without proper citation.

To see if you understand plagiarism, do this short quiz: https://student.unsw.edu.au/plagiarism-quiz For information how to acknowledge your sources and reference correctly, see: https://student.unsw.edu.au/harvard-referencing

https://student.unsw.edu.au/plagiarism

https://student.unsw.edu.au/plagiarism-quiz

https://student.unsw.edu.au/harvard-referencing



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Administrative Matters Student Responsibilities and Conduct Students are expected to be familiar with and adhere to university policies in relation to class attendance and general conduct and behavior, including maintaining a safe, respectful environment, and to understand their obligations in relation to workload, assessment and keeping informed. Information and policies on these topics can be found in UNSW Current Students ‘Managing your Program’ webpages: https://student.unsw.edu.au/program Students are expected to attend all classes including any lectures, tutorials, laboratories, etc., that have been timetabled for the course. Although exceptions may be made for special circumstances, we do expect University commitments to take precedence over regular work activities, holidays etc. UNSW has rules for computer use, for example: for email and online discussion forums. You will have to agree to them when you first access the UNSW network. We expect everyone – staff and students – to treat each other with respect. Procedures for Submission of Assignments All written work submitted for assessment must have a School of Petroleum Engineering Assessment Cover Sheet attached. The Plagiarism Compliance Statement on this cover sheet must be signed by the student submitting the work. Any work submitted without the signed cover sheet will not be marked. Occupational Health and Safety Like the wider community, UNSW has strict policies and expectations regarding Occupational Health and Safety. UNSW Policy requires each person to work safely and responsibly, in order to avoid personal injury and to protect the safety of others. For more information see: https://www.ohs.unsw.edu.au/ Examination procedures and advice concerning illness or misadventure If you believe that your performance in one of the assessment components for the course has been significantly affected by illness or other unexpected circumstance, then you should make an application for special consideration as soon as possible after the event by visiting UNSW Student Central. Applying for special consideration does not mean that you will be granted additional assessment or that you will be awarded an amended result. The latter will be granted at the discretion of teaching staff and will be considered only in exceptional circumstances. The timing of any additional assessment is entirely at the discretion of teaching staff. For additional clarification – 1. Students who do not attend a written examination will fail unless they have a valid doctor’s certificate proving that they are ill at the time of the examination. 2. Students who attend a written examination, but who fall ill during the examination will be assessed on the examination paper they submit unless they have a valid doctor’s certificate proving that they are ill at the time of that examination.

https://student.unsw.edu.au/program

https://www.ohs.unsw.edu.au/



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3. In the case of illness, the doctor’s certificate must be handed to the Student Centre and copied to the course authority no later than 3 days after the date of the written examination. 4. If a student can prove illness with a doctor’s certificate, in extreme cases only the course authority might give special consideration and arrange another examination before the following UNSW semester. In such cases, the course authority either will arrange another written examination or alternatively will arrange an oral examination attended by 2 or 3 academics. Whether or not the course authority arranges another examination and the form and timing of such an arrangement are entirely at the discretion of the course authority, whose decision is final. 5. The School keeps a register of special consideration applications. The history of a student’s previous applications for special consideration is taken into account when considering each case. 6. If special consideration is granted, the course authority will assess a student based on the final examination and not any previous examination paper that the student might have submitted (see 2 above). Equity and diversity Students who have a disability which requires adjustment to their teaching or learning environment are encouraged to discuss their study needs either prior to or at the commencement of their course with the Course Coordinator or with the Equity Officer (Disability) in the Equity and Diversity Unit. The Equity Officer can be contacted at www.studentequity.unsw.edu.au Issues may include access to materials, signers or note-takers, and the provision of services and additional exam and assessment arrangements. Early notification of requirements for these services is essential to enable any necessary adjustments to be made.

http://www.studentequity.unsw.edu.au/



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