Studying EarthChapter 1

Section 2

Standard

S.6.3a

Students know energy can be carried from one place to another by heat flow or by waves, including water, light and sound waves or by moving objects.

S.6.4.a Students know the sun is the major source of energy for phenomena on Earth’s surface.

Anticipatory Set

You will be given a white piece of computer paper.

Please draw an earth covering the entire piece of paper.

Draw the continents and color them and the oceans.

Language of the Discipline

Energy

Atmosphere

Hydrosphere

Lithosphere

Biosphere

Matter

Wave

Heat

Thermal energy

Earth Science

Structures of the Earth System (Input)

Sunlight heats up any surface that it strikes

Energy- is the ability to do work, or cause change.

Energy from the sun is transferred to earth as radiation (meaning it can move through space)

Structures of the Earth System (Input) When you step outside the

Sun’s radiation will hit you and you begin to feel warmer.

Sunlight provides energy for many processes here on Earth (water cycle)

Earth as a System (Input)

The sun is a part of Earth’s air, water, land, and living thing

System- a group of parts that work together as a whole

A change in one part of the system, affects the rest of the system (water cycle)

Sphere’s (Input) There are 4 spheres in Earth’s

system:

1.Atmosphere

2.Hydrosphere

3.Lithosphere

4.Biosphere

The sun an be considered as part of this system as well.

Atmosphere (Input)

Definition- OUTERMOST sphere, the mixture of gases that surrounds the planet.

Nitrogen

Oxygen

Water Vapor

Carbon Dioxide

Other gases

Atmosphere (Input)

Hydrosphere (Input)

Definition- Earth’s oceans, lakes, rivers and ice

Mostly salt water

It can contain fresh water too

Oceans cover more than 2/3 of Earth

(Hint: Hydro= means water)

Hydrosphere (Input)

Lithosphere (Input)

Definition- Earth’s solid, rocky outer layer

Made up of islands

It extends under the entire ocean floor

It can contain smooth plains to wrinkled hills and valleys to jagged mountain peaks

The energy from here comes from the heat of Earth’s interior (lava and rock melts)

Lithosphere (Input)

Biosphere (Input)

Definition- all living things Air Oceans Beneath land surfaces

This extends into the other spheres

Biosphere (Input)

Sphere Activity

You will be given a white piece of computer paper.

Please draw an earth covering the entire piece of paper.

Draw the continents and color them and the oceans.

Then label each part of the picture as lithosphere, biosphere, hydrosphere, and atmosphere

Energy Transfer (Input)

Matter and energy constantly move from one part of the Earth to the other

Matter- is what makes up everything in the universe

Matter is made up of tiny particles called atoms

2 or more atoms can join and act as a molecule

In order for matter to move, you need energy

Energy transfer is the movement of energy from one location to another

Energy (Input)

Energy can be transferred from place to place by moving objects, by waves, or by heat flow.

Moving Objects- ANY moving object transfer energy A pitcher and catcher

Motions transfer energy

Waves Definition- up and down, or back and forth

motion that carries energy from place to place but leaves matter behind

Waves

Sound waves – vibrating sounds, guitar strings They must be able to travel to your ear

Sound waves require a medium, like air, in order for you to hear it.

A medium is the material through which a wave travels

Ocean: water is the medium for the waves

Waves produced by an earthquake also need a medium.

Electromagnetic Waves

Waves that transfer electrical and magnetic energy

It can be seen in visible light

The sunlight that warms your skin is an example

They DO NOT require a medium to travel through

Heat Flow (Input)

Heat- the thermal energy transferred from one object to another as a result of the difference in temperature.

Heat flow takes place whenever 2 objects of different temperatures are brought into contact.

Thermal Energy- the total energy of all of the atoms that make up an object.

Atoms possess thermal energy because they are constant in motion (vibrations)

Heat Flow (Input)

If you have 2 objects, heat will flow from the warmer one to the colder one (ice cream)

The heat will continue to flow until they are the same temperature

Hold an ice cube in your hand, heat from your hand warms the ice cube causing it to melt (activity)

Branches of Earth Science (Input)

1. Geology- study of the solid Earth. They study the forces that shape the Earth. Constructive forces= build up mountains and

landmasses

Destructive forces= wear away the Earth’s surface

2. Meteorology- study of Earth’s atmosphere. Scientists who forecast the weather

3. Environmental Science- study Earth’s environment and resources.

They study how human activities change the land, air, water, and living things

Meteorology (Input)

Checking for Understanding

Earth’s solid, rocky outer layer is called the what?

Lithosphere

Checking for Understanding

______________ is what makes up everything in our universe!

matter

Checking For Understanding

Who study Earth’s environment and resources?

Environmental Scientists

GP and IP

Guided Practice #1-3

Stop!!! You must have a stamp to keep going!

Independent Practice #4-6

Homework

#7-end