BHARATHIDASAN UNIVERSITY, TIRUCHIRAPPALLI – 24.

B.Sc. ELECTRONICS

SUBJECT OF STUDY AND SCHEME OF EXAMINATION

(For the candidates admitted from the academic year 2003-2004 onwards).

Semester Part Paper Instru.

Hours Exam Hours

Marks

I I Language Paper – I 6 3 100 II English Paper – I 6 3 100 III Major Paper – I –Semiconductor Devices

and Electronic Circuits I 6 3 100

Major Practical – I - Electronics I 3 * * First Allied Paper – I – Numerical Methods

and Operations Research 6 3 100

First Allied Paper – II – Integral Calculus and Differential Equations

3 * *

II I Language Paper – II 6 3 100 II English Paper – II 6 3 100 III Major Paper – II – Semiconductor Devices

and Electronic Circuits II 6 3 100

Major Practical – I - Electronics I 3 3 100 First Allied Paper – II - Integral Calculus

and Differential Equations 3 3 100

First Allied Paper – III – Probability and Statistics

6 3 100

III I Language Paper – III 6 3 100 II English Paper – III 6 3 100 III Major Paper – III – Theory of Circuits 6 3 100 Major Practical – II - Electronics II 3 * * Second Allied Paper – I – Programming in C 6 3 100 Second Allied Paper – II – Practical II – C

Programming Lab 3 * *

IV I Language Paper – IV 6 3 100 II English Paper – IV 6 3 100 III Major Paper – IV –Electronic Amplifiers

and Oscillators 6 3 100

Major Practical – II - Electronics II 3 3 100 Second Allied Paper – II - Practical II – C

Programming Lab 3 3 100

Second Allied Paper – III – Principles of Information Technology

6 3 100

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V III Major Paper – V – Digital Electronics 6 3 100 Major Paper – VI – Linear ICs and

Operational Amplifiers 6 3 100

Major Paper – VII – Basic Microprocessor (8085)

6 3 100

Applied Paper – I 6 3 100 Major Practical – III – Electronics III 3 * * Major Practical – IV – Electronics IV 3 * *

VI III Major Paper – VIII – Electronic Instrumentation

6 3 100

Major Paper – IX – Communication Electronics

6 3 100

Major Paper – X – Microcontrollers 6 3 100 Applied Paper – II 6 3 100 Major Practical – III – Electronics III 3 3 100 Major Practical – IV – Electronics IV 3 3 100

* Examination at the end of even semester Applied Paper I

A. Computer Organization and Architecture B. Biomedical Instrumentation C. Advanced Microprocessor (8086)

Applied Paper II

A. Printed Circuit Board Design and Technology B. Computer Graphics and CAD/CAM C. Digital Signal Processing

Question Paper Pattern: Section A : 10 x 2 = 20 marks Short Answers : Carrying 2 marks each – Two lines – 10 questions (No choice) (Two questions from each of the five units). Section B : 5 x 6 = 30 marks Paragraph Answers: 200 words – Either or type – 5 questions – each 6 marks. One from each of the five Units. Section C : 5 x 10 = 50 marks Essay Type - 600 words – Either or type - 5 questions –each 10 marks One from each of the five Units.

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PAPER - I : SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES AND ELECTRONIC CIRCUITS – I

Unit I - DIODES PN Junction theory – V- I characteristics of a PN junction diode – forward and reverse – diode current equation – Effect of temperature – The Ideal diode – static and dynamic resistance – real diode – power ratings. Zener diode characteristics – specification – equivalent circuit, Tunnel diode – varactor diode, Schottky diode – step recovery diode – PIN diode, LED, LCD, Photodiodes. Unit II - BJT AND ITS BIASING Transistor – Basic ideas – characteristics (CB,CE,CC) – DC load line – stability factor – methods of transistor biasing – base bias – Base bias with emitter feedback – Base bias with collector feedback – voltage divider bias – Emitter bias – stability factor of different biasing methods. Unit III – RECTIFIERS, FILTERS AND POWER SUPPLIES Half wave rectifier – full wave rectifier – Bridge rectifier – Average values of voltage and current –peak inverse voltage – Frequency of output – ripple factor – efficiency – comparison. Filters – Inductor filter – capacitor filter – LC filter – Pi-filter – voltage regulator – voltage regulation – Zener diode regulator – Transistor series and shunt regulator. Unit IV – TRANSISTOR MODELS AND AMPLIFIER Notations – Ebers Moll model of a transistor – Approximate and accurate model – CE configuration – Low frequency small signal model. Transistor as an amplifier, CE amplifier – AC load analysis – CE amplifier – Parameters – Gain stability – Swamped amplifiers and parameters – CB amplifier – CC amplifier. Unit V – JFETs AND MOSFETs Introduction – JFET – formation of depletion region, operation – characteristics – Effect of gate to source voltage – parameters – expression for transconductance – comparision of FET and BJT – MOSFETs – depletion and enhancement type – working – characteristics – circuit symbol – MOSFET as a resistor. Biasing the JFET – gate bias self-bias – setting Q point – DC load line – voltage divider bias – Biasing the depletion and enhancement type MOSFET. Books for Study :

1. Sedha, R.S., A Text book of Applied Electronics. (2nd Edn) (New Delhi : S.Chand & Co. 1999)

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Books for Reference:

1. Malvino, A.P. Electronic Principles (5th edn) (New Delhi : Tata McGraw Hill, 1997)

2. Theraja, B.L. and Theraja, A.K. : Electronics Devices & Circuits (1st edn) (New Delhi : S.Chand & Co., 1999)

MAJOR PRACTICAL - I : ELECTRONICS I

Any Sixteen of the following

1. Transistor characteristics – CB 2. FET characteristics 3. Photo electronic Devices (LDR, Photo diode & transistor) 4. Half wave rectifier with and without filter. 5. R.C. Coupled amplifier – Transistor 6. Emitter follower 7. Logic gates – Discrete components 8. Hartley oscillator – Transistor. 9. Phase shift oscillator – Transistor 10. Transistor characteristics 11. SCR characteristics 12. Filter circuits – Low, High and Band passes. 13. Full wave Rectifier with and without filter. 14. FET Amplifier 15. Power Amplifier – Transistor 16. Regulated Power supply using Transistor and Zener diode 17. Colpitts oscillator Transistor 18. Wien Bridge oscillator – Transistor.

FIRST ALLIED PAPER – I

MATHEMATICS – I - NUMERICAL METHODS AND OPERATION

RESEARCH

UNIT – I Algebric equations – solving by Newton –Raphson Method – Gauss elimination method for solving system of equations – Gauss Seidal method of Iteration – Numerical integration by Trapezoidal and Simpson’s Rule. UNIT – II Euler’s Method of solving an ordinary Differential Equation Numerically; Runge-Kutta;s second order method of solving ordinary differential equations. UNIT – III Operation Research: Linear Programming – Problem solving by Graph, and Simplex methods. 4

UNIT – IV Finding intial Basic Feasible solution by North West Corner – Rule and Least cost Method for a given Transformation problem. UNIT – V PERT – NETWORK – Finding Critical Path – Computation of Total Float – Free Float and Independent Float – PERT Model with Probability consideration. Text Book Recommended :

1. Numerical Methods in Science and Engineering, by M.K.Venketaraman, National Publishing company, Madras, 1997.

2. Operation Research, S.Dharani & Venkatakrishnan - Keerthi Publishing House, 1997.

Reference Book :

1. Introductory method of Numerical Analysis, S.S.Sastry - Prentice Hall of India Ltd., - New Delhi, (1994).

2. “Operation Research”, by S.D.Sharma Kedarnath and Ramnath and Co., Meerut, (1997).

PAPER – II

SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES AND ELECTRONIC CIRCUITS – II

Unit I - Hybrid Parameters And Multilistage Amplifiers The h-parameters of a linear circuit –determination and meaning of h parameters – another representation – hybrid equivalent of CE, CB and CC transistor circuit – Amplifier expression (CE, CB & CC). Gain of multistage amplifier – Different coupling schemes – RC coupled – Frequency response – applications – Impedance coupling – Transformer coupling – Transformer coupling – Frequency response. Darlington amplifier – characteristics. Unit II – Power Amplifier Difference between voltage and power amplifiers – parameters – AC load line – classification of power amplifiers – class A amplifier – characteristics – power relation – collector efficiency – class B amplifier – characteristics – power relation – efficiency – class B push pull amplifier – advantages – cross over distortion – complementary symmetry class B push pull amplifier – class C amplifier and characteristics. Unit III – Feedback And Fet Amplifier Principles of feedback amplifiers – merits and demerits – Gain stability – increased Bandwidth – decreased distortion – types of feedback connections – voltage series and shunt feedback connection – current series and shunt feedback connection – comparision

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– Emitter follower JFET amplifier – CS amplifier – analysis, CE amplifier – analysis, CG amplifier – analysis. Unit IV - Sinusoidal And Non Sinusoidal Oscillators Comparison of amplifier and oscillator – classification – nature – oscillator circuit – frequency – Barkhausen criterion – Tuned collector oscillator – Hartley oscillator – Colpitt’s oscillator – crystal oscillator – phase shift oscillator – Wien Bridge oscillator – Transistor as a switch, Transistor switching times – Astable multivibrator – circuit operation – frequency – monostable multivibrator – Bistable multivibrator – Schmitt Trigger. Unit V - Thyristors And Their Applications Types of thyristors – SCR – TRIAC – DIAC –UJT – biasing - operation – equivalent circuit operation – switching circuits – V–I characteristics – applications – SCS – applications Lamp dimmer (Triac & Diac) – Power control – Half wave control (Traic & Diac) – Full wave control (SCR & UJT). Books for Study :

1. Sedha, R.S., A Text book of Applied Electronics. (2nd Edn) (New Delhi : S.Chand & Co., 1999)

Books for Reference:

1. Malvino, A.P. Electronic Principles (5th edn) (New Delhi : Tata McGraw Hill, 1997) 2. Theraja, B.L. and Theraja, A.K. : Electronics Devices & Circuits (1st edn) (New

Delhi : S.Chand & Co., Ltd., 1999)

FIRST ALLIED PAPER – II

MATHEMATICS – II : INTEGRAL CALCULUS & DIFFERENTIAL EQUATIONS. UNIT – I Properties of Definite integrals – Fundamental theorem of Integral calculus-change of variable and special methods of integration – Improper integrals – problems – Multiple integrals – Fourier series – Dirichlet’s conditions-odd and even functions – sine and cosine series and problems to the relevant concepts only. UNIT – II Vector Differentiation – ordinary derivatives of vectors – space curves – differentiation formula – Partial derivatives of vectors – differentials of vectors – problems relevant to the above concepts – the vector differential operator DEL – gradient divergence and curl-formula involving the operator DEL-problems relevant to the above concepts.

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UNIT – III Vector integration – line surface and volume integrals- problems –statements (only) of the Gauss Divergence the theorem, Green’s theorem in plane and the stoke’s theorem (No Proof). Verification of the above theorems and applications of the theorems for evaluating the line, surface and volume integrals. UNIT – IV First order first degree ordinary differential equations – Linear equations – Bernoulli’s equations – Equations of first order but of higher degree – simultaneous linear differential equations – second order differential equations with constant and variable coefficient. UNIT – V Laplace transforms – conditions for the existence of the Laplace Transforms – General theorems – Inverse transforms – solving the second order ordinary differential equations with constant coefficients using the Laplace transforms. Text Books Recommended:

1. Advanced calculus: Murray Spiegel, Schaum’s Outline series, Asian student edition, McGraw Hill, Book company, Singapore (1981) (Relevant topics from Chapters 5,9,14).

2. Vector Analysis: Murray Spiegel, Schaum’s Outline series, Asian student edition, Mc Graw Hill Book Company, Singapore (1981) (Relevant topics from Chapters 3,4,5,6).

3. Differential Equations: Narayanan and Manicavasogam Pillay, S., Madras (1991)

FIRST ALLIED PAPER – III – MATHEMATICS – III

PROBABILITY AND STATISTICS

UNIT – I Theory of Probability – different of Probability sample space Probability of an event – independence of events – theorems on Probability – conditional Probability – Baye’s Theorem. UNIT – II Random variables – distribution functions – Discrete and continuous Random variables – Probability mass and density functions of Random variables – Joint Probability distributions. UNIT – III Expectation – Variance – Covariance – Moment generating functions – theorems on moment generating functions – moments, various measures.

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UNIT – IV Correlation and Regression – properties of correlation and regression coefficients – numerical problems for finding the correlation and regression coefficients. UNIT – V Theoretical Discrete and Continuous distributions: Binomial, Poisson, Normal distribution – Moment generating functions of these distributions – additive properties of these distribution – recurrence relations for the moments about origin and mean for the binomial, poisson and normal distribution – properties of normal distributions – relation between binomial and poisson and normal distribution. Text Book: Fundamentals of Mathematical statistics: Gupta, S.C.& Kapoor, V.K.Sultan Chand & Sons , New Delhi (1994) Chapter 3 : Sec.3.9, Chapter 4 (Omit secs 4,8,4.10) Chapter 5 (Omit secs. 5.6, 5.7) Chapter 6 (Omit all the inequalities and related problems) Chapter 7 (Omit 7.2.8 to 7.2.11, 7.3.9) Chapter 8: The relevant topics connected to Normal distribution. Reference Books :

1. Theory and problems of Probability: Seymour Lipschutz, Schaum’s Outline series, SI(metriced) McGraw Hill Book Co., Singapore (1987)

2. Problems in the theory of Probability: Sevatyanov. S. Chistyanov. V, Zubkov.A, MIR Publishers Moscow (1985).

3. Practical statistics: Thambidurai. P.Rainbow, Publications, CBE (1991).

Paper – III – THEORY OF CIRCUITS. Unit – I : Fundamental Ideas of AC Circuits DC – AC – Instantaneous value – Peak value – Phase – Amplitude – Frequency – Phase difference – Average value of AC wave – RMS value – Form factor – Phasor representation of sinusoidals – Complex notation – Exponential notation – Polar notation – Impedance of RL, RC and RLC – Power factors and phasor diagrams. Unit – II : Resonance and Transients Resonance : Series and parallel resonances – Effects of variations of Q – Inductively coupled circuits – Single-tuned and double-tuned coupled circuits – Coefficient of coupling – Critical coupling – Bandwidth and frequency response. Transient response of RL circuits to DC excitation – Response of RLC to DC – Natural and forced oscillation – Decrement and logarithmic decrement – Application of Laplace Transform for transient solutions.

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Unit – III: Network Analysis and Topology. Network Analysis: Definitions – Kirchhoff’s laws and their applications to the solution of network problems – Branch and loop currents – Node and node pair voltages – Mesh and node analysis. Elements of Network topology: Graph of a network – Concept of tree – Branches and chords – Applications to network solution. Unit – IV: Network theorems Equivalence theorem – Equivalent networks – Star-mesh transformation – Superposition theorem – Thevenin’s and Norton’s theorems – Reciprocity theorem – Compensation – Maximum power transfer theorem – Millman’s theorem – Concept of duality and dual networks – Inverse networks. Unit – V: T-Network L, T lattice – Bridge – T and twin T networks – Network parameters – Insertion loss and reflection factor – Attenuators – Equalisers. Constant K low pass, Band pass and band elimination types of filters – M derived filters – Design of composite filters. Books for Study:

1. Electrical technology – B.L. Theraja – S.Chand & Co. – 1987. 2. Industrial Electronics – G.K. Mithal – Khanna Publishers – 1991. 3. Engineering Circuit analysis – Hayt and Kammerley –McGraw Hill.

Books for Reference :

1. Network analysis – Vanvalkenberg - Prentice Hall, New Jersey. 2. Communication Engineering – Everitt and Anner - McGraw Hill. 3. Electric Network Theory – Schilling.

Second Allied Paper I

Computer Science – Programming in C

Unit I Introduction to Computers and their Applications – Computer System Characteristics – Hardware and Software – Types and Generations of Computers – Introduction to I/O and Storage Devices – Number Systems – Flowcharts – Algorithms.

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Unit II Evaluation and Applications of C – structure of a C program Data Types – Declarations – Operators – Expressions – Type Conversions – Built – in Functions – Data Input and output Control Statements : IF, ELSE – IF, GOTO, SWITCH, WHILE – DO, DO – WHILE, FOR, BREAK and CONTINUE. Unit III Functions : Defining and Accessing Functions –passing parameters to functions – Arguments – recursive functions – Storage Classes – Arrays : Arrays and functions – Arrays and Strings – String functions – String Manipulations. Unit IV Pointers – Pointer Declarations – operations on pointers – pointers to functions – pointers and strings –pointers and arrays – array of pointers - structure – structure and pointers – unions. Unit V Data Files – Opening, Closing and Processing files – files with structures and unions – register variables – Bitwise Operations – Macros. Preprocessors. Text Book : Unit I

1. COMPUTERS TODAY – S.K. Basandra – Galgotia Publications.

Unit II – Unit V 2. Programming in C – E.Balagurusamy – Tata McGraw Hill Publication.

Reference Books:

1. Programming with C – Byron S Gottfried – Schaum’s Outline Series, Tata McGraw Hill Publications.

2. The Spirit of C – Mullish Cooper – Schaum’s Outline Series – Tata McGraw Hill Publications.

3. Let Us C – Yeswant Kancukar – BPB Publications.

Second Allied Paper II – C Programming Lab

1. Solution of a Quadratic Equation (all cases) 2. Sum of Series (sine, cosine, ex) 3. Conversion of Number System (Decimal to Binary, Decimal to Octal) 4. Largest, smallest among ‘n’ numbers (Also use it to find the number of occurrences of a given number) 5. Ascending and Descending order of numbers using Arrays

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6. Sorting of names in Alphabetical order 7. Matrix Operations (Addition, Subtraction, Multiplication use Functions) 8. Finding factorials, generating Fibonacci Numbers using recursive functions 9. String manipulations without using string functions (string length, String

Comparison, String Concatenation, Palindrome Checking, Counting words and lines in String – use – function Pointers)

Paper – IV – Electronic Amplifiers And Oscillators Unit – I: Amplifiers – I Single stage transistor amplifier – Amplifying action – Graphical analysis of transistor amplifier – Load line analysis – Voltage gain – Current gain – Frequency response of an amplifier. Unit – II: Amplifiers – II Multistage amplifier – RC coupled amplifier – Transformer coupled amplifier – Direct coupled amplifier – Negative feedback in amplifiers – Advantages of negative feedback – Gain and bandwidth of negative feedback amplifier. Unit – III: Power Amplifiers The Power BJT – Thermal resistance – Dissipation – Operation curve – Maximum power hyperbola –Second breakdown – Thermal runaway – Class A large signal amplifier – The transformer coupled audio power amplifier – Efficiency – Push pull amplifiers – Class B – Class AB and transformerless types – Class C power amplifiers. Unit – IV: Oscillators – I Sinusoidal oscillator – Barkhausen criterion for oscillations – Transistor oscillator – Tuned collector oscillator – Tuned base oscillator – Hartley oscillator – Colpitt’s oscillator – Phase shift oscillator – Expression for frequency and condition for sustained oscillations for all the above oscillators. Unit – V: Oscillators – II Crystal oscillator – Wien bridge oscillator using transistor – FET oscillator – Limitations of LC and RC oscillators – Oscillator frequency stability. Concepts of monostable, astable and bistable multivibrators. Books for Study:

1. Integrated Electronics – Millman and Halkias – Tata McGraw Hill (1993). 2. Basic Electronics – B.L. Theraja – S.Chand & Co. (1991).

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Books for References:

1. Electronic Circuits and Systems – Bapat – Tata McGraw Hill (1982). 2. Basic Electronics and Linear Circuits – N.N. Bhargava and others.- Tata McGraw

Hill. 3. Electronic Devices and Circuits – Allen Mottershead – Prentice Hall of India 4. Basic Electronics for Scientists – James J Brophy – McGraw Hill International

Edn. (1990). 5. Integrated Circuits – K.R. Botkar – Khanna Publishers. 6. Functional Electronics – K.V. Ramanan – Tata McGraw Hill. 7. Integrated Circuits – Deboo and Burrous - McGraw Hill.

Major Practical – II – Electronics – II

1. Amplifier with voltage series feedback. 2. Amplifier with current shunt feedback. 3. Two Stages RC coupled amplifier. 4. Hartley oscillator 5. Colpitt’s oscillator. 6. Wien bridge oscillator. 7. Crystal oscillator. 8. Class ‘A’ power amplifier. 9. Clipper and clamper circuits. 10. Astable multivibrator using BJT. 11. Monostable multivibrator using BJT. 12. Bistable multivibrator. 13. Phase Shift Oscillator. 14. 555 timer astable multivibrator and applications. 15. 555 timer monostable multivibrator and applications.

Second Allied Paper III - Computer Science

Principles of Information Technology

Unit I Introduction to Computer – Classification of Digital Computer System – Computer Architecture – Memory Units – Auxiliary Storage Devices – Input and Output Devices. Unit II Introduction to Computer Software – Operating System – Programming Languages – General Software Features and trends. Unit III Database Management Systems – Data Processing – Introduction to Database Management System – database design.

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Unit IV Introduction to Telecommunication – Networking – Communication System – Distributed System – Internet – Intranet. Unit V Multimedia tools – Virtual Reality – e – Commerce – Data warehousing – Data Mining – Applications : Geographical Information System – Computer in Business, Industry, Home, Education and Training. Text Book : Fundamentals of Information Technology, Alexis Leon and Mathews Leon, Leon TECH World. Reference:

1. Information Technology for Management (Part –III) - Henry C.Lucas, Jr., McGraw Hill

2. Using Information Technology- Williams, Sawyer, Hutchinson, McGraw Hill

PAPER V : DIGITAL ELECTRONICS

Unit I – Basics and Number Systems

Digital signals – basic digital circuits – NAND, NOR and EXOR – Boolean algebra. Binary number systems – signed binary numbers – binary arithmetic – 2’s complement arithmetic. Octal number system – hexadecimal number system. Codes – error codes. Unit II - Combinational Logic Design Standard representation for logical functions – Karnaugh map – representation of logical functions – simplification – SOP and POS – Don’t care conditions – five and six variable Karnaugh maps. Multiplexer – demulplexer – adder – subractor. Unit III – Digital Comparator and Flip-flops BCD arithmetic – ALU – digital compartor – parity generator / checker. Code converter – priority encoder. Clocked SR FF – JK FF – D FF – T FF – excitation table for flip flops – flip-flop design – edge and level triggered FFs – Master Slave FFs. Applications. Unit IV – Sequential Logic Design and Timing Circuits Registers – applications of shift registers – asynchronous counters – synchronous counters – sequential circuit design – timing circuits – Schmitt trigger ICs – monostable multivibrator – 555 timer as a timing device.

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Unit V – Converters, Memories and Programmable Logic Devices DAC- ADC – ROM, RAM – charge coupled device. Memory – PLD – PLA – PAL – field programmable gate array – applications. Books for Study :

1. Modern Digital Electronics (2nd Edition), R.P.Jain, Tata McGraw Hill, 1997. 2. Computer System Architecture, 2nd Edn., M.Morris Mono, Prentice Hall, 1998. 3. Digital Electronics, V.K.Puri, Tata McGraw Hill.

Paper – VI – LINERAR ICs AND OPERATIONAL AMPLIFIERS Unit – I: IC Fabrication. Evolution of ICs – SSI, MSI, LSI and VLSl – The Monolithic IC – IC components – Methods of fabricating ICs – Complementary symmetry MOS IC. Unit – II: Operational Amplifiers. General amplifier characteristics – Operational amplifier – ideal operational amplifier – Practical operational amplifier – Comparator – Inverting and non-inverting amplifier – CMRR – Offset error voltages and currents. Unit – III: Linear Analog Systems. Basic Opamp applications – Sign changer – Scale changer – Phase shifter – Summing amplifier – Subtractor – Voltage to current converter – Current to voltage converter – DC voltage follower – Differential DC amplifier – Bridge amplifier – Integrator – differentiator - Opamp Wien Bridge oscillator – Square wave generator – Triangle wave generator – Schmitt trigger. Unit – IV : Filters First order low pass filter – second order low pass filter – high pass first order filter and high pass second order – band pass filter – Narrow band, wide band pass filter – band rejection filter –Notch filter. Unit – V: IC 741 and 555 Timer: A general purpose IC Opamp – IC 741 details – Voltage controlled Oscillator (VCO 566) – Opamp voltage regulator – IC 723 introduction

555 Timer – Description of functional diagram – Monostable and astable modes of operation – Schmitt trigger using 555 IC timer. Books for Study:

1. Linear Integrated Circuits – D. Roy Choudhury, Sherif, Jain – Wiley Eastern. 2. Integrated Electronics – Millman and Halkias – Tata McGraw Hill– 1993.

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3. Electronics devices and circuits – Allen Mottershead – Prentice Hall India Books for Reference :

1. Integrated Circuits - K.R. Botkar – Khanna Publishers. 2. Functional Electronics – K.V. Ramanan – Tata McGraw Hill. 3. Integrated Circuits and Semiconductor Devices – Theory and Applications –

Deboo and Burrous - McGraw Hill – 1987. 4. Operational Amplifier and Linear Integrated Circuits, 3rd Edition, Ramakant and

Gayakwad, Prentice Hall, India.

PAPER VII : BASIC MICROPROCESSOR (8085) Unit I - Microprocessor Architecture Intel 8085 – ALU-timing and control Unit – Registers – Data and Address Bus – Pin configuration – opcode and operation- Instruction cycle – Fetch operation, Execute operation – Machine cycle and state – Instruction and data Flow–Timing diagram – Timing diagram for opcode Fetch cycle Memory read – I/O Read – Memory write – I/O write. Unit II – Instruction Set for Intel 8085 Instruction and data Formats – Addressing modes – Direct – Register indirect – Immediate and implicit addressing – Status Flags – Intel 8085 instructions – Data transfer group – Arithmetic group – Logical group – Branch group – Stack, I/O and machine control group. Unit III – Assembly Language Programming Machine Language – Assembly Language – One pass and two pass assembler – applications – Stacks – subroutines – MACRO – micro programming – Data transfer and data manipulation programs – Single byte and multibyte arithmetic – complement – shift – mask – lookup table – larger – smaller – sorting – Array manipulation – sum of series. Unit IV – Peripheral Devices and Their Interfacing Address space partitioning – Memory and I/O interfacing – data transfer schemes – I/O ports – programmable peripheral interface 8255 – DMA controller 8257 – Interrupts of Intel 8085 – Interrupt controller 8259 – Programmable interval Timer /Counter 8253 – Interfacing of A/D converter, DAC 0800. Unit V – Microprocessor Applications Delay subroutine–7 segment LED display – Measurement of Frequency – measurement of voltage and current – Temperature measurement and control – Water level indicator – Interfacing of stepper motor – Microprocessor based Traffic control – to generate a square wave or a pulse using I/O port. 15

Book for Study

1. Fundamentals of Microprocessors and Microcomputers. Ram, B. (4th edn., Dhanpat Rai & Sons, Delhi, 1995).

2. Introduction to Microprocessors. Mathur, A.P. (3rd edn., Tata McGraw, New Delhi, 1995)

3. Microprocessor Organisation and Architecture, L.A. Leventhal, Prentice Hall India.

Paper VIII - ELECTRONIC INSTRUMENTATION

Unit I – Measurement And Error Accuracy and procession – Significant figures – Types of errors – Statistical analysis – Probability of errors – limiting errors – Electric and magnetic units – International system of units – Time and frequency standards – Electrical standards – Standards of temperature and luminous intensity Unit II – Measuring Instruments Electro mechanical indicating instruments – DC ammeters – DC voltmeters – Voltmeter sensitivity – Series and Shunt types ohmmeter – Multimeter – calibration of DC instruments – AC indicating instruments – Thermo instruments – Electro dynamomoters in power measurements – Watt hour meter – Instrument transformers – Electronic Measuring instruments – Amplifier DC meter – AC voltmeter using rectifiers – True RMS responding voltmeter – Electronic Multimeter – Digital voltmeter – Simple frequency counter. Unit III – Transducers And Oscilloscopes Classification of transducers – Selecting a transducer – Strain Gages – displacement transducers – Temperature measurement – Photo sensitive devices – Oscilloscopes – block diagram – cathode ray tube – CRT circuits – vertical deflection system – Delay line – multiple trace – Horizontal deflection system – Oscilloscope techniques. Unit IV – Analog And Digital Acquisition Systems And Computer Controlled Test Systems Instrumentation systems – Interfacing transducers to electronic control and measuring systems – Multiplexing : Digital to Analog multiplexing – Analog to Digital multiplexing – Instruments used in computer controlled instrumentation – IEEE 488 electronic interface – Digital control describtion – Example of signal timing in a Microprocessor based measurement. Unit V – Signal Generation And Analysis Sine wave generator – Frequency synthesized signal generator – Frequency divider generator – Signal generator modulation – Sweep frequency generator – Pulse and square wave generators – Function generator – Audio frequency signal generation – Signal analysis – Wave analysis – Frequency – Selective wave analyzer – Hetrodyne wave 16

analyzer – applications – Harmonic Distortion analyzers – harmonic distortion – Tuned circuit harmonic analyzer – heterodyne harmonic analyzer – Fundamental suppression harmonic distortion analyzer. Book for Study :

1. Modern Electronic instrumentation and measurement Techniques, Albert D.Helbrick and William D.Cooper, (New Delhi : Prenctice Hall of India, 1995)

Book for Reference

1. Electronic Instrumentation, Kalsi, H.S. (New Delhi : Tata McGraw Hill Publishing Ltd., 1995)

Paper – IX : COMMUNICATION ELECTRONICS

Unit I : Modulation and Demodulation Modulation : Amplitude modulation – definition – theory – power distribution – transistor modulators – suppression of carriers – Frequency modulation – Expression for FM wave – phase modulation – comparison of AM, FM, PM – Armstrong System. Demodulation : Basic principle –diode detector – amplitude and frequency distortion – transistor demodulator – coherent detection – frequency demodulator – slope detector – Balanced slope detector – Foster Seeley discriminator – Ratio detector. Unit II : Transmitters and Receivers Transmitters : AM transmitters – Single side and transmitter – classification of radio transmitters – sideband filters – direct FM transmitter – Armstrong FM system Radio Receivers : Superhytrodyne receivers – AM receivers – Communication receivers – Phase locked loop – Receiver characteristics – Receiver noise – SSB receiver – FM receiver. Unit III : Antennas and Wave Propagation Antennas : Characteristics impedance – Transmission lines – Resonate antennas – gain radiation resistance – impedance matching – grounded antenna – high frequency antenna – dipole arrays – Yagi-uda antenna – Rhombic and microwave propagation : Propagation of radio waves – trophospheric waves-sky waves Unit IV : Radar and Television Radar: Communication elements –Radar range equation – Limitations – radar altimeter- radar beacons – Interrogating radars –Ground controlled approach. Television – plumbicon – camera tube characteristics – picture tube – scanning types – video signal and its dc components – video modulation – sound modulation – TV receiver – colour TV and camera – picture tube. TV transmission and reception. 17

Unit V : Digital Data Communication, Fibre Optics and Satellites Digital Data Communication : Types of analog pulse modulation – PAM – PWM – PCM – PPM – generation and demodulation of each type – frequency divison multiplexing – data communication – modem – computer communication. Fibre optics : optical communication – optical communication chain. Satellite communication : Satellite links – eclipses – orbits and inclination – satellite construction – communication frequencies – domestic satellite – telemetry. Boos for Study

1. Communication Electronics – N.D. Deshpande & Others – Tata McGraw Hill. 2. Principle of Communication Engineering – Anoke Singh, S.Chand & Co., Delhi

Books for Reference :

1. Electronic Communication – George Kennady, Tata McGraw Hill III edition 2. Electronic Communication – Dennis Roody and John Coolean, Prentice Hall.

Paper X : MICROCONTROLLERS

Unit I : Introduction to Microcontrollers Microcontroller survey – 4, 8, 16, 32 bit micro controllers – Intel 8051 microcontroller – Block Diagram, pin out – oscillator and clock – Program Counter and Data pointer, A and B registers, flags and program status word – Internal RAM – the Stack and Stack pointer –special functions registers – Internal ROM – I/O Pins, ports and circuits – External memory. Unit II : Counters, Timers and Addressing Modes Timer counter interrupts – Timing – Timer – Modes of operation – Counting – Addressing – Immediate addressing modes – Register addressing modes – Direct addressing modes – Indirect addressing modes. Unit III : Instruction Sets Data exchanges – Logical operations – Byte level operation – Bit level logical operations – Rotate and swap operations – Arithmetic operations – Jump and call instructions – Jump and call program range – Jumps – Calls and subroutines – Interrupts and return. Unit IV : Assembly Language Programming Assembly Language programming for 8051 Micro controller family – Programs : 8–Bit addition – 8–Bit subtraction – 8-Bit Multiplication – 8-Bit Division - Greatest and smallest number in an array – ascending and Descending – Delay –Routines – Calculation of Time delay – Block data transfer. 18

Unit V : Applications Interfacing Keyboard –Scanning programs for small keyboards – Interfacing LED, LCD Display – Pulse measurement and pulse width measurement – A/D and D/A Interfacing. Books for Study

1. 8051 Micro controller Architecture, Kennath J. Ayala, Programming and applications, Penram International Publishing

2. Microprocessor and Digital Systems, A. Gaonkar, – McGraw Hill Books for Reference

1. Microprocessor and Digital Systems, D.V. Hall - McGraw Hill 2. Microprocessor Principles and Applications – 2nd Edition, Gilmore – Tata

McGraw Hill.

APPLIED Group I : (A) COMPUTER ORGANIZATION AND ARCHITECTURE Unit – I : Basic Computer Organization and Design Instruction codes – Computer registers – Computer instructions – Timing and control – Instruction cycle – Input and output – Interrupt. Unit – II :Central Processing Unit. General register Organization – Stack Organization – Instruction formats – Addressing modes – Data transfer and manipulation.

Unit – III : Pipeline and Vector Processing. Parallel processing – Pipelining - Arithmetic pipeline – Instruction pipeline – Data dependence – Handling of branch instructions – RISC pipeline – Delayed load – Delayed branch. Unit – IV : Computer Arithmetic Addition and subtraction – Hardware implementation – Hardware Algorithm – Addition and subtraction with signed 2’s complement data – BCD arithmetic unit – BCD adder – BCD subtractor. Unit – V : Input –Output Organization and Memory Organization Peripheral devices – I/O interface – I/O Bus and Interface Modules – I/O versus memory bus – Isolated versus memory mapped I/O – Asynchronous data transfer – Strobe control – Handshaking - asynchronous serial transfer. Memory hierarchy – Main memory RAM and ROM – Memory address map – Memory connection to CPU – Auxiliary memory – magnetic disks – Magnetic tapes.

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Books for Study:

1. Computer System Architecture – M. Morris Mano – Prentice Hall India – 2nd edition – 1988.

APPLIED GROUP I : (B) BIOMEDICAL INSTRUMENTATION Unit – I: Physiology Nerve Physiology : Basic properties of Neurons and Axons – Membrane potential and action potential – Function of nerves. Muscle Physiology - Function of skeleton and smooth muscle – Cardiac muscle and rhythmic contraction. Unit – II: Heart and Central Nervous System Heart Physiology : Dynamics of system blood flow – Electrophysiology of the heart – Eithoven triangle.

Respiration: Mechanism of respiration.

Neurophysiology: Central nervous system – Function of the spinal cord and cord reflexes. Unit – III: Instruments and Diagnosis Electrocardiogram (Qualitative Study Only) – Electroencephalogram Recording techniques – Patient monitoring systems (brief study) – Ultrasonic scanning modes. Unit – IV: Diagnosing Instruments. Computer axial tomography – Thermography – Blood pressure monitors – Respiration rate monitors (with respect to volume changes) – pH meters. Unit – V: Therapy Instruments. Isotopes (X-Rays) – Pace makers – Defibrillators – Dialyzer –Respirator. Books for Study:

1. Biomedical Instrumentation – Leslie Cromwell, Fred.J. Weibell and Erich A Pfeiffer - Prentice Hall India – 2nd edition – 1990.

Books for References:

1. Biomedical Instrumentation – M. Arumugham, Anuradha Agencies Publishers – Kumbakonam.

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2. Principles of Electronics in Medical Research – D.W. Hill, Butterworth – London – 1965.

APPLIED GROUP I : (C) ADVANCED MICROPROCESSORS (8086) Unit I : Introduction to Microprocessor and its Architecture Block diagram of microcomputer – microprocessor evolution – architecture of 8086 – status flags – Addressing modes of 8086. Unit II : Instruction Set Machine language and Assembly language instruction format of 8086 – Instruction set – assembler instruction format – Directives and operators – procedures and macros. Unit III : System Bus Structures Basic 8086 configurations – Minimum and maximum mode – system by timing – interrupts of 8086 – Interrupt routines – Interrupt priority management. Unit IV : multiprocessor Management Queue status and lock facility – 8086 based multiprocessing system – coprocessor configuration – closely and loosely coupled configuration. Unit V : Simple Assembly Language Programming Addition, subtraction, multiplication and division - BCD addition –finding the biggest and the smallest number from the given set of data – block data transfer – interfacing of stepper motor – rolling display. Books for Study

1. Introduction to microprocessor 3rd Edn., A.P. Mathur, Tata McGraw Hill, New Delhi 1995.

2. Microprocessors and interfacing – Douglas V.Hall Books for Reference:

1. Microcomputer system 8086/8088 family – Yuchangliv and Clenn A. Gibson, Prentice Hall of India – New Delhi – 1986.

2. Microprocessor Architecture Programming and application – Ramesh Goankar. 3. Microprocessors – M.Rafiquzzaman.

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APPLIED PAPER – II - (A) PRINTED CIRCUIT BOARD DESIGN AND TECHNOLOGY. Unit – I –Layout and Planning

Layout scale – Grid system – Board types – PCB production facilities – Standards – Layout approaches – Documentation.

Realising supply and ground conductors – Component placing and mounting Unit – II –Design rules for PCB’s and Art work Printed capacitors and printed inductors – Ground and supply lines – Recommendations for design

Artwork – Introduction – Scale – Basic approaches – Black taping on transparent base - foils – General artwork rules. Unit – III: Automation and Computers in PCB design

Limitations of manual design – Automatic artwork draughting – Computer aided design – Design automation – Limitations of automation in PCB design. Computer Software for PCB design. Unit – IV : Laminations Properties of copper-clad laminates – Manufacturing process – Types of laminates – Phenolic, Epoxy, Polyester laminates – Polymide laminates. Unit – V : Photo Printing and PCB Technology Trends Photoprinting method – Photo resists in general – Screen printing method – Ink printing – Hand screen printing – Immersion plating – Electrodeless plating – Electroplating – Etching using ferric chloride – Cupric chloride – Chromic acid – Alkaline ammonia.

Multilayer boards – Multiwire boards – Principles of solder connections – Solder alloys – Soldering fluxes. Book for Study: PCBs Design and Technology – Walter C. Bosshart – Tata McGraw Hill - 1990.

APPLIED GROUP II : (B) COMPUTER GRAPHICS and CAD/CAM. Unit – I: Display Files and Transformations. Transformation Principle – Matrix representation – Two dimensional and three dimensional transformation matrices – Basic concept of clipping and windowing.

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Unit – II: Command Language. Computer graphics system command Language – Design issues – Graphics system design – Graphics packages structure- Interactive and non - interactive graphics – The mouse – Tablets – Acoustic tablets – Light pen. Unit – III: Computer Aided Design Fundamental of CAD – Design process – Application of computer for design – Creating the manufacturing data base – Benefits of Computer Aided Design – Examples. Unit – IV - Numerical control – Beginning of CAD Conventional numerical control – Basic components of an NC system – NC procedure – NC coordinate system – NC motion control system – Applications of numerical control – NC part programming – Manual part programming – Computer controls in NC Unit – V: Industrial Robots Robot technology – Robot physical configurations – Basic robot motions – Programming the robot – Robot programming languages – Robotic sensors – Robot applications (qualitative aspects only) Books for study

1. Principles of interactive computer graphics – P.M. Newman and R.E Sproull – McGraw Hill 2. CAD/CAM: Computer Aided Design and Manufacturing – Milkell P. Groorer

and Emory W. Zimmers – Prentice Hall India – 1994.

APPLIED GROUP II (C) : DIGITAL SIGNAL PROCESSING

Unit I : Signal and Systems Introduction – Signals – Systems – The frequency domain - from concept to application. Analog signals – Operations on signals – Signal Symmetry – Harmonic signals and sinusoids – Commonly Encountered Signals – The impulse function – the Doublet – Moments. Discrete signals – Operations on discrete signals. Unit II : Analog Systems Analog systems – Introduction – System classification – Analysis of linear time invariant (LTI) Systems – LTI Systems Described by Differential Equations – The Impulse Response of LTI Systems – System Stability – Application Oriented Examples. Unit III : Analog Systems Discrete – time systems – Discrete – time Operators – System Classification – Digital Filters – Digital Filters Described by Difference Equations - Impulse Response of 23

Digital Filters – Stability of Discrete Time LTI Systems – Connections : System Representative in Various Forms. Unit IV : Fourier Series Fourier Series – Parseval’s Relation and the Power in Periodic Signals – The Spectrum of Periodic Signals – Properties of Fourier Series – Signal Reconstruction and the Gibbs Effect – System Response to Periodic Inputs – Application oriented Examples – Dirichlet Kernel and Gipps Effect – Fourier Series, Orthogonality, and Least Squares – Existence, Convergence and Uniqueness – Historical Perspective. Unit V : Fourier Transform Fourier Transform – Fourier Transform Pairs and Properties – System analysis using Fourier Transform – Frequency Response of Filters – Energy and Power Spectral Density – Time Band width Measures. Book for Study

1. Analog and Digital Signal Processing, 2nd Edition, Ashok Ambardar, Brooks & Cole Publishing Company, 2001 (Indian edition)

Books for Reference

1. Theory and Applications of Digital Signal Processing – L.R. Rainer and B.Gold, Prentice Hall India – New Delhi, 1975.

2. Digital Signal Procesing – Salivahanan – Tata McGraw Hill Publishing Company 3. Digital Signal Processing – Allan V.Oppenheim and Ronald W., Schafer, Prentice

Hall of India, New Delhi, 2000. 4. Architecture of Digital Signal Processing – Perter Pirsch – John Wiley – 1998 5. Introduction to Digital Signal Processing – Johny R.Johnson.

MAJOR PRACTICAL - II : ELECTRONICS II (Any twelve of the following )

1. Series and Parallel resonance circuits 2. Verification of Kirchhoff’s laws 3. Amplifier with voltage series feedback 4. Amplifier with current shunt feedback 5. Two Stages RC coupled amplifier 6. Class ‘A’ power amplifier 7. Clipper and clumper circuits 8. Push-pull amplifier 9. Astable multivibrator using BJT 10. Monostable multivibrator using BJT 11. Bistable multivibrator using BJT 12. 555 timer astable multivibrator and applications 13. 555 timer monostable multivibrator and applications

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14. 555 timer bistable multivibrator and applications 15. FM : Modulation and Demodulation 16. Schmitt’s trigger using transistor.

MAJOR PRACTICAL – III : ELECTRONICS III

(Any twelve of the following experiments to be done)

1. Logic gates using discrete components 2. IC gates (AND, OR, NOT, NOR and NAND) 3. NAND and NOR as universal gates. 4. Verification of DeMorgan’s and Boolean Expressions. 5. Operational amplifier parameters 6. Arithmetic operation using Op-Amp 7. Half adder and Full adder 8. Shift register 9. Divide by ‘N’ counter using Flip-flops 10. Wave form conversion using Op-Amp 11. Flip-flops, RS, JK, D and T types. 12. D/A converter using binary weighted resistor 13. Encoder and Multiplexer 14. Decoder and Demultiplexer 15. Karnaugh map simplification – SOP and POS forms 16. Window comparator

MAJOR PRACTICAL – IV : ELECTRONICS IV (Any twelve of the following experiments to be done)

1. Addition and Subtraction of two 8 bit numbers using 8085 2. Addition and subtraction of two 8 bit numbers using 8051 3. Multiplication of two 8 bit number using 8085 4. Multiplication of two 8 bit numbers using 8051. 5. Division program using 8085 6. Division program using 8051. 7. Ascending and Descending order program using 8085. 8. Ascending and Descending order program using 8051. 9. Find the biggest and smallest number in a given list using 8085 10. Find the biggest and smallest number in a given list using 8051 11. Display of a six letter word using 8085 12. Display of a six letter word using 8051 13. Traffic control interfacing using 8085 and 8255 14. Traffic control interfacing using 8085 and 8255 15. Temperature measurement using 8085 16. Temperature measurement using 8085

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