Department of Mechanical Engineering PRESENTATION BASED ON SUMMER TRAINING

FROM N.E.R GORAKHPUR

SUBMITTED TO:- SUBMITTED BY:- MR. SAURABH KUMAR SINGH ANKUR SINGH MR. VINOD KUMAR GAUTAM ROLL NO-1373640009 MS. PREETI SINGH MECHANICAL ENGG.

DATE:-26/11/2016 1

CONTENTS

Introduction Gorakhpur mechanical workshop Heat treatment shop Types of heat treatment Annealing Normalizing Hardening and Tempering Bogi hearth furnace Carburizing Advantages of heat treatment Applications of heat treatment References

INDIAN RAILWAY

INTRODUCTION

Indian Railways is an Indian state-owned enterprise, owned and operated by the Government of India through the Ministry of Railways. It is one of the world's largest railway networks comprising 115,000 km (71,000 mi) of track over a route of 65,436 km (40,660 mi) and 7,172 stations. Indian Railways is the world's seventh largest commercial or utility employer, by number of employees, with over 1.307 million employees. As for rolling stock, IR holds over 239,281 Freight Wagons, 62,924 Passenger Coaches and 9,013 Locomotives (43 steam, 5,345 diesel and 4,568 electric locomotives). The trains have a 5 digit numbering system and runs 12,617 passenger trains and 7421 freight trains daily

HISTORY OF INDIAN RAILWAY

First Indian Railway line was opened on 16th April 1853

The first train consisting of one steam engine and four coaches , traversed a stretch of 21-miles between Mumbai(Bombay) and Thane.

Indian Railway has a glorious past of more than150 years serving the nation.

GORAKHPUR MECHANICAL WORKSHOPGorakhpur workshop was established in 1903 for repair and overhauling of locomotives, coaches and wagons. There are many persons employed in workshop for various works. The investment is done by central government.Each shop does a specific job. All shop are separately managed by senior section engineer with the help of junior engineers.

STATISTICS AND SPECIFICATION No. of officers -19. No. of supervisors-378.

On roll strength- 5282. Total area covered-29.8 Hectare. Covered area-12.6 Hectare. Township area Gorakhpur.

LIST OF SHOP Machine shop Smithy shop Welding shop Wheel shop Bogie shop Sheel shop Heat treatment shop Foundry shop Paint shop

HEAT TREATMENT SHOP Heat treatment is the process of heating and cooling of a material to change its physical and mechanical properties without changing the original shape and size.

Heat treatment of steel is often associated with increasing its strength, but can also be used to improve machinability, formability, restoring ductility, etc.

It is an important operation in the manufacturing process of many parts tools which imparts mechanical properties of metals.

TYPES OF HEAT TREATMENT

HEAT TREATMENT

BULK SURFACE

ANNEALING

Full Annealing

Recrystallization Annealing

Stress Relief Annealing

Spheroidization Annealing

AUSTEMPERING

THERMAL THERMO-CHEMICAL

Flame

Induction

Carburizing

Nitriding

Carbo-nitriding

NORMALIZING HARDENING &

TEMPERING

MARTEMPERING

ANNEALINGAnnealing consists of heating a metal to a specific temperature and then cooling at a rate that will produce a refined microstructure. The rate of cooling is generally slow. Annealing is most often used to soften a metal for cold working, to improve machinability, or to enhance properties like electrical conductivity. Types of annealing:-Full annealingProcess annealingSpheroidisingDiffusion annealing

NORMALISING This process is consists of heating the steel 30°C-50°C above its upper critical temp. It is held at this temp. for about 15min & then allowed to cool down in still air.

To refine the grain structure of steel . To improve machinability , tensile strength and

structure of weld. To remove strain caused by cold working process. To improve certain mechanical and electrical

properties.

HARDENING This process is consists of heating the steel 30C-

50C above its upper critical temp and by the same temp. above the lower critical temp. Then stay it for considerable time and then cooled suddenly in a suitable cooling medium.

To increase the hardness of metals. Make it suitable for cutting tools.

TEMPERINGThis process is consists of reheating the hardened metals to some below the lower critical temp.To reduce brittlenessTo increase ductilityTo make metal tough to resist shock & fatigue.

BOGI HEARTH FURNACE

CARBURIZING

It also referred to as Case Hardening, is a heat treatment process that produces a surface which is resistant to wear , while maintaining toughness and strength of core.

It is applied after the machining process. For suspension hanger in Indian railway carburizing take place for 20-22 hour

Pre heat 5.5 hour temp 950 degree Hold 15.5 hour temp 950 degree

BOGI HEARTH FURNACE

ADVANTAGES OF HEAT TREATMENT

Heat treatment is a way of using controlled heating and cooling procedure to change physical properties.

It is used for imparting mechanical properties of the material.

Ductility of the material is increased. Durability and reliability increased. Elastic limit increased.

APPLICATIONS

It is used in all mechanical industries as railways, aircrafts, automobiles etc.

It is used for small gears, worm gears, nuts, wheels etc. It is used in making machine tools. It is used in solidifying paint in metals cans. It is used for fixing the range of thermal conductivity.

REFERENCESWEBSITEShttp://en.m.wikipedia.orgwww.quora.comwww.industrialheating.comwww.slideshare.netwww.scribd.com

BOOKSMechanical Engineering (S.CHAND PUBLISHING)

IMAGE RESOURCEGoogle imagesN.E.R Gorakhpur, Workshop